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Loans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Loans
The following table provides the balance (amortized cost basis) of loans, net of unearned income, by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
 
 
March 31
 
December 31
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
 
2019
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial, and industrial
 
$
22,124,430

 
$
20,051,091

Commercial real estate
 
4,639,692

 
4,337,017

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
Consumer real estate (a)
 
6,119,383

 
6,177,139

Credit card & other
 
494,798

 
495,864

Loans, net of unearned income
 
$
33,378,303

 
$
31,061,111

Allowance for loan losses
 
444,490

 
200,307

Total net loans
 
$
32,933,813

 
$
30,860,804


(a)
In first quarter 2020, the Permanent Mortgage portfolio was combined into Consumer Real Estate portfolio, all prior periods were revised for comparability.

COMPONENTS OF THE LOAN PORTFOLIO
The loan portfolio is disaggregated into segments and then further disaggregated into classes for certain disclosures. GAAP defines a portfolio segment as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute (i.e., amortized cost or purchased credit-impaired), risk characteristics of the loan, and FHN’s method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. Commercial loan portfolio segments include commercial, financial and industrial (“C&I”) and commercial real estate ("CRE"). Commercial classes within C&I include general C&I, loans to mortgage companies ("LMC"), the trust preferred loans (“TRUPS”) (i.e. long-term unsecured loans to bank and insurance-related businesses) portfolio and purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans (for periods prior to 2020). Loans to mortgage companies include commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies primarily for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower’s sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors. Commercial classes within CRE include income CRE, residential CRE and PCI loans (for periods prior to 2020). Consumer loan portfolio segments include consumer real estate, and the credit card and other portfolio. Consumer classes include home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”), real estate (“R/E”) installment and PCI loans (for periods prior to 2020) within the consumer real estate segment and credit card and other.
Credit Risk Characteristics Inherent in the Loan Portfolio
Credit risk is the risk of loss due to adverse changes in a borrower’s or counterparty’s ability to meet its financial obligations under agreed upon terms. FHN is subject to credit risk in lending, trading, investing, liquidity/funding, and asset management activities although lending activities have the most exposure to credit risk. The nature and
amount of credit risk depends on the types of transaction, the structure of those transactions, collateral received, the use of guarantors and the parties involved.
FHN assesses and manages credit risk through a series of policies, processes, measurement systems, and controls. FHN’s credit risk function ensures subject matter experts are providing oversight, support and credit approvals, particularly in the specialty lending areas where industry-specific knowledge is required. Management emphasizes general portfolio servicing such that emerging risks are able to be identified early enough to correct potential deficiencies, prevent further credit deterioration, and mitigate credit losses.
Commercial Loans
The C&I portfolio is comprised of loans used for general business purposes. Typical products including working capital lines of credit, term loan financing of owner-occupied real estate and fixed assets, and trade credit enhancement through letters of credit. FHN utilizes deal teams comprised of relationship managers (RMs), portfolio managers (PMs), credit analysts and other specialists to identify, mitigate, document, and manage ongoing risk. Their function includes enhanced analytical support during loan origination and servicing, monitoring the financial condition of the borrower, and tracking compliance with loan agreements. FHN strives to identify problem assets early through comprehensive policies and guidelines, targeted portfolio reviews, more frequent servicing on lower rated borrowers, and an emphasis on frequent grading.
To the extent a guarantor/sponsor is used to support a commercial lending decision, FHN analyzes capability to pay, factoring in, among other things, liquidity and direct/indirect cash flows. A strong, legally enforceable guaranty can mitigate the risk of default or loss, justify a less severe rating, and consequently reduce the level of allowance or charge-off that might otherwise be deemed appropriate.
Loans to mortgage companies include commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies primarily for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower’s sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors. Approximately 90 percent of the loans to mortgage companies are collateralized with government guaranteed loans. The loans are of short duration with maturities less than one year.
TRUPS loans are long-term unsecured loans to bank and insurance-related businesses. TRUPS lending was originally extended as a form of “bridge” financing to participants in the pooled trust preferred securitization program offered primarily to smaller banking (generally less than $15 billion in total assets) and insurance institutions through FHN’s fixed income business. Origination of TRUPS lending ceased in early 2008. Individual TRUPS are regraded at least quarterly as part of FHN’s commercial loan review process.
Commercial Real Estate loans include financings for commercial construction and nonconstruction loans. The income-producing CRE class contains loans and draws on lines and letters of credit to commercial real estate developers for the construction and mini-permanent financing of income-producing real estate. The residential CRE class includes loans to residential builders and developers for the purpose of constructing single-family homes, condominiums, and town homes and on a limited basis, for developing residential subdivisions. Active residential CRE lending is primarily focused in certain core markets with nearly all new originations made to “strategic” clients. FHN considers a “strategic” residential CRE borrower as a homebuilder who demonstrates the ability to withstand cyclical downturns, maintains active development and investment activities providing for regular financing opportunities, and is fundamentally sound as evidenced by a prudent loan structure, appropriate covenants and recourse, and capable and willing sponsors in markets with positive homebuilding and economic dynamics. The credit administration and ongoing monitoring of these portfolios consists of multiple internal control processes including stressing a borrower’s or project’s financial capacity utilizing numerous attributes such as interest rates, vacancy, and discount rates. Key information captured from the various portfolios is aggregated and utilized to assist with the assessment and adequacy of the ALLL and to steer portfolio management strategies.
Consumer Loans
The consumer real estate portfolio is primarily comprised of home equity lines and installment loans within FHN’s regional banking segment and jumbo mortgages and one-time-close (“OTC”) completed construction loans in FHN’s non-strategic segment that were originated through pre-2009 mortgage businesses. The corporate segment also includes loans that were previously included in off-balance sheet proprietary securitization trusts that were brought back into the loan portfolios at fair value through the
execution of cleanup calls due to the relatively small balances left in the securitization and should continue to run-off. Generally performance of this portfolio is affected by life events that affect borrowers’ finances, the level of unemployment, and home prices. FHN obtains first lien performance information from third parties and through loss mitigation activities, and places a stand-alone second lien loan on nonaccrual if performance issues with the first lien are discovered.
FHN performs continuous HELOC account review processes in order to identify higher-risk home equity lines and initiate preventative and corrective actions. The reviews consider a number of account activity patterns and characteristics such as the number of times delinquent within recent periods, changes in credit bureaus score since origination, scored degradation, performance of the first lien, and account utilization. In accordance with FHN’s interpretation of regulatory guidance, FHN may block future draws on accounts in order to mitigate risk of loss to FHN.
The credit card and other portfolio is primarily comprised of automobile loans, credit card receivables, and other consumer-related credits.
As discussed in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the ALLL estimation process was revised on January 1, 2020 to reflect the adoption of ASU 2016-13.  All information contained in the following disclosures reflects the application of requirements from the adoption of ASU 2016-13 for periods after 2019.  Information for periods prior to 2020 has been retained with the content consistent with prior disclosures.
Concentrations
FHN has a concentration of residential real estate loans (19 percent of total loans). Loans to finance and insurance companies total $2.8 billion (13 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 8 percent of the total loans). FHN had loans to mortgage companies totaling $5.7 billion (26 percent of the C&I segment, or 17 percent of total loans) as of March 31, 2020. As a result, 39 percent of the C&I segment is sensitive to impacts on the financial services industry.
Asset Quality Indicators
FHN employs a dual grade commercial risk grading methodology to assign an estimate for the probability of default (“PD”) and the loss given default (“LGD”) for each commercial loan using factors specific to various industry, portfolio, or product segments that result in a rank ordering of risk and the assignment of grades PD 1 to PD 16. This credit grading system is intended to identify and measure the credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the migration of loans between grading categories. PD grades assigned through FHN’s risk rating process are used as a loan level input to inform probability of default forecasts under certain macroeconomic scenarios. Each PD grade corresponds to an estimated one-year default probability percentage; a PD 1 has the lowest expected default
probability, and probabilities increase as grades progress down the scale. PD 1 through PD 12 are “pass” grades. PD grades 13-16 correspond to the regulatory-defined categories of special mention (13), substandard (14), doubtful (15), and loss (16).
Pass loan grades are required to be reassessed annually or earlier whenever there has been a material change in the financial condition of the borrower or risk characteristics of the relationship. All commercial loans over $1 million and certain commercial loans over $500,000 that are graded 13 or worse are reassessed on a quarterly basis. Loan grading discipline is regularly reviewed internally by Credit
Assurance Services to determine if the process continues to result in accurate loan grading across the portfolio. FHN may utilize availability of guarantors/sponsors to support lending decisions during the credit underwriting process and when determining the assignment of internal loan grades. LGD grades are assigned based on a scale of 1-12 and represent FHN’s expected recovery based on collateral type in the event a loan defaults. See Note 5 – Allowance for Loan Losses for further discussion on the credit grading system.

The following tables provide the amortized cost basis of the commercial loan portfolio by year of origination and credit quality indicator as of March 31, 2020:


 
 
C&I
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
prior to 2016 (a)
 
LMC (b)
 
Revolving
Loans
 
Revolving
Loans converted
to term loans (c)
 
Total
PD Grade:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
$
27,293

 
$
100,359

 
$
125,095

 
$
81,397

 
$
112,175

 
$
117,965

 
$

 
$
156,041

 
$
223

 
$
720,548

2
 
33,244

 
239,750

 
95,269

 
81,542

 
176,068

 
112,586

 

 
108,408

 
51

 
846,918

3
 
15,083

 
165,433

 
52,645

 
96,725

 
65,932

 
119,415

 
1,028,798

 
219,037

 
14,042

 
1,777,110

4
 
144,129

 
318,374

 
155,173

 
140,516

 
158,705

 
149,248

 
958,145

 
372,890

 
277

 
2,397,457

5
 
149,048

 
604,067

 
306,849

 
161,921

 
127,011

 
228,347

 
927,946

 
507,991

 
14,230

 
3,027,410

6
 
187,540

 
713,579

 
244,128

 
241,828

 
107,498

 
201,660

 
1,740,304

 
801,860

 
16,485

 
4,254,882

7
 
270,190

 
903,326

 
395,680

 
167,749

 
91,881

 
156,238

 
806,853

 
794,174

 
447

 
3,586,538

8
 
224,670

 
626,348

 
217,091

 
178,183

 
33,476

 
115,727

 
140,372

 
495,002

 
7,096

 
2,037,965

9
 
128,773

 
332,262

 
92,720

 
91,648

 
60,522

 
93,750

 
68,707

 
419,388

 
2,055

 
1,289,825

10
 
65,206

 
128,169

 
113,744

 
56,088

 
60,659

 
53,920

 
25,023

 
191,883

 
996

 
695,688

11
 
29,742

 
95,269

 
65,404

 
64,494

 
75,508

 
52,240

 

 
109,709

 
3,618

 
495,984

12
 
25,376

 
36,918

 
46,792

 
41,370

 
19,248

 
28,881

 
17,766

 
114,052

 
1,112

 
331,515

13
 
18,233

 
32,564

 
12,153

 
11,247

 
84,321

 
39,710

 

 
63,993

 
383

 
262,604

14,15,16
 
35,268

 
22,351

 
51,983

 
26,586

 
17,414

 
14,493

 

 
124,557

 
7,242

 
299,894

Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
1,353,795

 
4,318,769

 
1,974,726

 
1,441,294

 
1,190,418

 
1,484,180

 
5,713,914

 
4,478,985

 
68,257

 
22,024,338

Individually evaluated for impairment
 

 
12,771

 
12,642

 
14,552

 
1,827

 
24,145

 

 
33,988

 
167

 
100,092

Total C&I loans
 
$
1,353,795

 
$
4,331,540

 
$
1,987,368

 
$
1,455,846

 
$
1,192,245

 
$
1,508,325

 
$
5,713,914

 
$
4,512,973

 
$
68,424

 
$
22,124,430

(a)
TRUPS loans were originated prior to 2016. Total balance of TRUPS as of March 31, 2020 is $215.4 million, with $3.3 million in PD 3, $42.4 million in PD 4, $84.5 million in PD 5, $27.3 million in PD 6, $7.4 million in PD 7, $31.9 million in PD 9, and $18.6 million in PD 10.
(b)
LMC includes non-revolving commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies primarily for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower's sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors. The loans are of short duration with maturities less than one year.
(c)
$14.1 million of C&I loans were converted from revolving to term in first quarter 2020.
 
 
Income CRE
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
prior to 2016
 
Revolving
Loans
 
Revolving
Loans converted
to term loans
 
Total
PD Grade:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
$
22,307

 
$

 
$
398

 
$

 
$
130

 
$
1,102

 
$

 
$

 
$
23,937

2
 
445

 
30,859

 
651

 
333

 
1,211

 
2,410

 

 

 
35,909

3
 
62,707

 
207,828

 
78,203

 
75,629

 
65,898

 
29,466

 
68,770

 
188

 
588,689

4
 
65,474

 
287,116

 
98,370

 
122,518

 
75,032

 
63,680

 
934

 
3,234

 
716,358

5
 
192,596

 
296,099

 
160,253

 
233,104

 
114,572

 
35,705

 
36,944

 
10,729

 
1,080,002

6
 
81,162

 
215,741

 
143,419

 
143,142

 
34,758

 
133,573

 
33,021

 
195

 
785,011

7
 
122,282

 
224,637

 
140,601

 
85,853

 
19,369

 
35,968

 
36,633

 
2,432

 
667,775

8
 
15,635

 
76,102

 
54,998

 
15,421

 
29,382

 
50,736

 
6,239

 
132

 
248,645

9
 
25,288

 
29,485

 
23,192

 
27,916

 
4,169

 
39,457

 
38

 

 
149,545

10
 
15,437

 
15,563

 
7,260

 
3,805

 
8,973

 
17,006

 

 
150

 
68,194

11
 
1,696

 
19,007

 
11,372

 
22,561

 
3,931

 
16,481

 
128

 

 
75,176

12
 

 
15,050

 
2,445

 
697

 
554

 
10,877

 
71

 
232

 
29,926

13
 
418

 
9,672

 
913

 
2,185

 
223

 
1,325

 
138

 

 
14,874

14,15,16
 
7,021

 
19,536

 
45

 
30,449

 
129

 
3,635

 
20,384

 

 
81,199

Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
612,468

 
1,446,695

 
722,120

 
763,613

 
358,331

 
441,421

 
203,300

 
17,292

 
4,565,240

Individually evaluated for impairment
 

 

 

 

 

 
163

 

 

 
163

Total CRE-IP
 
$
612,468

 
$
1,446,695

 
$
722,120

 
$
763,613

 
$
358,331

 
$
441,584

 
$
203,300

 
$
17,292

 
$
4,565,403


 
 
Residential CRE
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
prior to 2016
 
Revolving
Loans
 
Revolving
Loans converted
to term loans
 
Total
PD Grade:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
23

 
$

 
$

 
$
23

2
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3
 

 

 
272

 
175

 

 
106

 

 

 
553

4
 
95

 
886

 

 
313

 

 
124

 

 

 
1,418

5
 

 

 

 

 
79

 

 

 

 
79

6
 
5,568

 
6,252

 
42

 
338

 
44

 
349

 

 

 
12,593

7
 

 
527

 
2,904

 
1,795

 

 
190

 
21,382

 

 
26,798

8
 
150

 
312

 
463

 

 

 
153

 
100

 

 
1,178

9
 

 

 
263

 

 
498

 
79

 

 

 
840

10
 

 
735

 
266

 

 

 
77

 

 

 
1,078

11
 
3,517

 
20,693

 
3,471

 
161

 

 
477

 

 

 
28,319

12
 

 

 

 

 

 
161

 

 

 
161

13
 
1,006

 

 
45

 

 

 
9

 

 

 
1,060

14,15,16
 
15

 
28

 

 

 

 
146

 

 

 
189

Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
10,351

 
29,433

 
7,726

 
2,782

 
621

 
1,894

 
21,482

 

 
74,289

Individually evaluated for impairment
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total CRE-RES
 
$
10,351

 
$
29,433

 
$
7,726

 
$
2,782

 
$
621

 
$
1,894

 
$
21,482

 
$

 
$
74,289


The following table provides the balances of commercial loan portfolio classes with associated allowance, disaggregated by PD grade as of December 31, 2019.

 
 
December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
General
C&I
 
Loans to
Mortgage
Companies
 
TRUPS (a)
 
Income
CRE
 
Residential
CRE
 
Total
 
Percentage
of Total
 
Allowance
for Loan
Losses
PD Grade:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
$
696,040

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,848

 
$

 
$
697,888

 
3
%
 
$
69

2
 
767,048

 

 

 
48,906

 
38

 
815,992

 
4

 
165

3
 
743,123

 
877,210

 
3,314

 
474,067

 
806

 
2,098,520

 
9

 
274

4
 
1,237,772

 
692,971

 
46,375

 
680,223

 
477

 
2,657,818

 
11

 
738

5
 
1,986,761

 
670,402

 
72,512

 
993,628

 
1,700

 
3,725,003

 
15

 
8,265

6
 
2,511,290

 
1,410,387

 
27,263

 
717,062

 
17,027

 
4,683,029

 
19

 
12,054

7
 
2,708,707

 
509,616

 
18,378

 
641,345

 
30,925

 
3,908,971

 
16

 
20,409

8
 
1,743,364

 
136,771

 

 
269,407

 
16,699

 
2,166,241

 
9

 
22,514

9
 
1,101,873

 
77,139

 
31,909

 
169,586

 
13,007

 
1,393,514

 
6

 
17,484

10
 
563,635

 
21,229

 
18,536

 
59,592

 
2,153

 
665,145

 
3

 
10,197

11
 
495,140

 

 

 
81,682

 
2,302

 
579,124

 
2

 
13,454

12
 
262,906

 
15,158

 

 
28,807

 
1,074

 
307,945

 
1

 
8,471

13
 
232,823

 

 

 
32,966

 
1,126

 
266,915

 
1

 
8,142

14,15,16
 
263,076

 

 

 
43,400

 
626

 
307,102

 
1

 
29,318

Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
15,313,558

 
4,410,883

 
218,287

 
4,242,519

 
87,960

 
24,273,207

 
100

 
151,554

Individually evaluated for impairment
 
82,438

 

 

 
1,563

 

 
84,001

 

 
6,196

Purchased credit-impaired loans
 
25,925

 

 

 
4,155

 
820

 
30,900

 

 
848

Total commercial loans
 
$
15,421,921

 
$
4,410,883

 
$
218,287

 
$
4,248,237

 
$
88,780

 
$
24,388,108

 
100
%
 
$
158,598


(a) Balances presented net of a $19.1 million valuation allowance.


The consumer portfolio is comprised primarily of smaller-balance loans which are very similar in nature in that most are standard products and are backed by residential real estate. Because of the similarities of consumer loan-types, FHN is able to utilize the Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score, among other attributes, to assess the credit quality of consumer borrowers. FICO scores are refreshed on a quarterly basis in an attempt to reflect the recent risk profile of the borrowers. Accruing delinquency amounts are indicators of asset quality within the credit card and other consumer portfolio.



The following table reflects the amortized cost basis by year of origination and refreshed FICO scores for consumer real estate as of March 31, 2020. Within consumer real estate, classes include home equity line of credit ("HELOC") and real estate installment. HELOCs are loans which during their draw period are classified as revolving loans. Once the draw period ends and the loan enters its repayment period, the loan converts to a term loan and is classified as revolving loans converted to term loans. All loans classified in the following table as revolving loans or revolving loans converted to term loans are HELOCs. Real estate installment loans are originated as a fixed term loan and are classified below in their vintage year from prior to 2016 to 2020. All loans in the following table classified in a vintage year are real estate installment loans.

 
 
Consumer Real Estate
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
Prior to 2016
 
Revolving
Loans
 
Revolving
Loans converted
to term loans (a)
 
Total
FICO score 740 or greater
 
$
134,032

 
$
586,720

 
$
451,497

 
$
438,007

 
$
541,683

 
$
1,346,587

 
$
646,462

 
$
142,848

 
$
4,287,836

FICO score 720-739
 
25,129

 
80,851

 
50,344

 
42,134

 
78,632

 
135,173

 
75,392

 
31,629

 
519,284

FICO score 700-719
 
10,325

 
63,306

 
32,469

 
36,606

 
35,111

 
130,881

 
58,913

 
29,201

 
396,812

FICO score 660-699
 
27,489

 
54,870

 
38,198

 
33,127

 
45,329

 
175,873

 
80,018

 
54,440

 
509,344

FICO score 620-659
 
1,026

 
21,260

 
9,708

 
11,482

 
16,651

 
72,843

 
28,433

 
31,527

 
192,930

FICO score less than 620
 
339

 
12,792

 
9,706

 
11,477

 
12,671

 
91,003

 
26,318

 
48,871

 
213,177

Total
 
$
198,340

 
$
819,799

 
$
591,922

 
$
572,833

 
$
730,077

 
$
1,952,360

 
$
915,536

 
$
338,516

 
$
6,119,383

(a) $9.0 million of HELOC loans were converted from revolving to term in first quarter 2020.

The following table reflects the amortized cost basis by year of origination and refreshed FICO scores for other consumer loans as of March 31, 2020.
 
 
Other Consumer
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
Prior to 2016
 
Revolving
Loans
 
Revolving
Loans converted
to term loans (a)
 
Total
FICO score 740 or greater
 
$
9,410

 
$
41,336

 
$
24,423

 
$
12,035

 
$
5,338

 
$
21,272

 
$
176,917

 
$
3,293

 
$
294,024

FICO score 720-739
 
1,509

 
6,235

 
3,799

 
1,911

 
1,054

 
2,954

 
36,173

 
709

 
54,344

FICO score 700-719
 
2,236

 
5,986

 
2,551

 
2,103

 
924

 
2,674

 
23,185

 
934

 
40,593

FICO score 660-699
 
3,219

 
8,803

 
4,355

 
3,221

 
1,524

 
4,041

 
32,282

 
1,700

 
59,145

FICO score 620-659
 
449

 
2,760

 
1,945

 
912

 
1,196

 
2,213

 
13,020

 
632

 
23,127

FICO score less than 620
 
279

 
1,458

 
1,190

 
752

 
3,034

 
4,573

 
10,781

 
1,498

 
23,565

Total
 
$
17,102

 
$
66,578

 
$
38,263

 
$
20,934

 
$
13,070

 
$
37,727

 
$
292,358

 
$
8,766

 
$
494,798

(a) $1.5 million of other consumer loans were converted from revolving to term in first quarter 2020.


The following table reflects the percentage of balances outstanding by average, refreshed FICO scores for the HELOC and real estate installment classes of loans as of December 31, 2019.
 
 
December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
HELOC
 
R/E Installment Loans (b)
FICO score 740 or greater
 
62.0
%
 
71.9
%
FICO score 720-739
 
8.6

 
8.3

FICO score 700-719
 
7.6

 
6.3

FICO score 660-699
 
10.8

 
8.1

FICO score 620-659
 
4.7

 
2.8

FICO score less than 620 (a)
 
6.3

 
2.6

Total
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
(a)
For this group, a majority of the loan balances had FICO scores at the time of the origination that exceeded 620 but have since deteriorated as the loan have seasoned.
(b)
In first quarter 2020, the Permanent Mortgage portfolio was combined into Consumer Real Estate portfolio, all prior periods were revised for comparability.




Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
Nonperforming loans are loans placed on nonaccrual if it becomes evident that full collection of principal and interest is at risk, impairment has been recognized as a partial charge-off of principal balance due to insufficient collateral value and past due status, or on a case-by-case basis if FHN continues to receive payments but there are other borrower-specific issues. Included in nonaccruals are loans that FHN continues to receive payments including residential real estate loans where the borrower has been discharged of personal obligation through bankruptcy, and second liens, regardless of delinquency status, behind first liens that are 90 or more days past due, are bankruptcies, or are TDRs. Past due loans are loans contractually past due as to interest or principal payments, but which have not yet been put on nonaccrual status.
The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on March 31, 2020:
 
 
Accruing
 
Non-Accruing
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Current
 
30-89
Days
Past Due
 
90+
Days
Past Due
 
Total
Accruing
 
Current
 
30-89
Days
Past Due
 
90+
Days
Past Due
 
Total
Non-
Accruing
 
Total
Loans
Commercial (C&I):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General C&I (a)
 
$
16,081,865

 
$
17,049

 
$
166

 
$
16,099,080

 
$
60,387

 
$
2,505

 
$
33,189

 
$
96,081

 
$
16,195,161

Loans to mortgage companies
 
5,713,914

 

 

 
5,713,914

 

 

 

 

 
5,713,914

TRUPS (b)
 
215,355

 

 

 
215,355

 

 

 

 

 
215,355

Total commercial (C&I)
 
22,011,134

 
17,049

 
166

 
22,028,349

 
60,387

 
2,505

 
33,189

 
96,081

 
22,124,430

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income CRE
 
4,562,822

 
419

 

 
4,563,241

 
29

 
816

 
1,317

 
2,162

 
4,565,403

Residential CRE
 
74,222

 
39

 

 
74,261

 

 
28

 

 
28

 
74,289

Total commercial real estate
 
4,637,044

 
458

 

 
4,637,502

 
29

 
844

 
1,317

 
2,190

 
4,639,692

Consumer real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HELOC
 
1,186,834

 
10,213

 
5,828

 
1,202,875

 
41,506

 
3,547

 
6,124

 
51,177

 
1,254,052

R/E installment loans
 
4,801,281

 
17,741

 
6,304

 
4,825,326

 
24,162

 
2,420

 
13,423

 
40,005

 
4,865,331

Total consumer real estate
 
5,988,115

 
27,954

 
12,132

 
6,028,201

 
65,668

 
5,967

 
19,547

 
91,182

 
6,119,383

Credit card & other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit card
 
189,247

 
1,893

 
1,715

 
192,855

 

 

 

 

 
192,855

Other
 
300,308

 
1,144

 
131

 
301,583

 
153

 
38

 
169

 
360

 
301,943

Total credit card & other
 
489,555

 
3,037

 
1,846

 
494,438

 
153

 
38

 
169

 
360

 
494,798

Total loans, net of unearned income
 
$
33,125,848

 
$
48,498

 
$
14,144

 
$
33,188,490

 
$
126,237

 
$
9,354

 
$
54,222

 
$
189,813

 
$
33,378,303


(a) $36.1 million of general C&I loans are nonaccrual loans with no related allowance.
(b) TRUPS is presented net of the valuation allowance of $18.9 million.
The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on December 31, 2019:
 
 
Accruing
 
Non-Accruing
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Current
 
30-89
Days
Past Due
 
90+
Days
Past Due
 
Total
Accruing
 
Current
 
30-89
Days
Past Due
 
90+
Days
Past Due
 
Total
Non-
Accruing
 
Total
Loans
Commercial (C&I):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General C&I
 
$
15,314,292

 
$
7,155

 
$
237

 
$
15,321,684

 
$
36,564

 
$
14,385

 
$
23,363

 
$
74,312

 
$
15,395,996

Loans to mortgage companies
 
4,410,883

 

 

 
4,410,883

 

 

 

 

 
4,410,883

TRUPS (a)
 
218,287

 

 

 
218,287

 

 

 

 

 
218,287

Purchased credit-impaired loans
 
23,840

 
287

 
1,798

 
25,925

 

 

 

 

 
25,925

Total commercial (C&I)
 
19,967,302

 
7,442

 
2,035

 
19,976,779

 
36,564

 
14,385

 
23,363

 
74,312

 
20,051,091

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income CRE
 
4,242,044

 
679

 

 
4,242,723

 

 
19

 
1,340

 
1,359

 
4,244,082

Residential CRE
 
87,487

 
7

 

 
87,494

 

 
466

 

 
466

 
87,960

Purchased credit-impaired loans
 
4,752

 
128

 
95

 
4,975

 

 

 

 

 
4,975

Total commercial real estate
 
4,334,283

 
814

 
95

 
4,335,192

 

 
485

 
1,340

 
1,825

 
4,337,017

Consumer real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HELOC
 
1,217,344

 
9,156

 
5,669

 
1,232,169

 
43,007

 
4,227

 
7,472

 
54,706

 
1,286,875

R/E installment loans (b)
 
4,812,446

 
12,894

 
9,170

 
4,834,510

 
20,710

 
1,076

 
9,202

 
30,988

 
4,865,498

Purchased credit-impaired loans
 
18,720

 
2,770

 
3,276

 
24,766

 

 

 

 

 
24,766

Total consumer real estate
 
6,048,510

 
24,820

 
18,115

 
6,091,445

 
63,717

 
5,303

 
16,674

 
85,694

 
6,177,139

Credit card & other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit card
 
198,917

 
1,076

 
1,178

 
201,171

 

 

 

 

 
201,171

Other
 
291,700

 
1,802

 
337

 
293,839

 
101

 
44

 
189

 
334

 
294,173

Purchased credit-impaired loans
 
323

 
98

 
99

 
520

 

 

 

 

 
520

Total credit card & other
 
490,940

 
2,976

 
1,614

 
495,530

 
101

 
44

 
189

 
334

 
495,864

Total loans, net of unearned income
 
$
30,841,035

 
$
36,052

 
$
21,859

 
$
30,898,946

 
$
100,382

 
$
20,217

 
$
41,566

 
$
162,165

 
$
31,061,111

Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation.
(a)
TRUPS is presented net of the valuation allowance of $19.1 million.
(b)
In first quarter 2020, the Permanent Mortgage portfolio was combined into Consumer Real Estate portfolio, all prior periods were revised for comparability.

Troubled Debt Restructurings
As part of FHN’s ongoing risk management practices, FHN attempts to work with borrowers when necessary to extend or modify loan terms to better align with their current ability to repay. Extensions and modifications to loans are made in accordance with internal policies and guidelines which conform to regulatory guidance. Each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately.
A modification is classified as a TDR if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and it is determined that FHN has granted a concession to the borrower. FHN may determine that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently in default on any of its debt, or if it is probable that a borrower may default in the foreseeable future. Many aspects of a borrower’s financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions could include extension of the maturity date, reductions of the interest rate (which may make the rate lower than current market
for a new loan with similar risk), reduction or forgiveness of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. The assessments of whether a borrower is experiencing (or is likely to experience) financial difficulty, and whether a concession has been granted, are subjective in nature and management’s judgment is required when determining whether a modification is classified as a TDR.
For all classes within the commercial portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through forbearance agreements (generally 6 to 12 months). Forbearance agreements could include reduced interest rates, reduced payments, release of guarantor, or entering into short sale agreements. FHN’s proprietary modification programs for consumer loans are generally structured using parameters of U.S. government-sponsored programs such as the former Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”). Within the HELOC and R/E installment loans classes of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis
points to a minimum of 1 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt-to-income ratio. After 5 years, the interest rate generally returns to the original interest rate prior to modification; for certain modifications, the modified interest rate increases 2 percent per year until the original interest rate prior to modification is achieved. Prior to 2020, Consumer real estate mortgage TDRs (previously classified as permanent mortgage) were typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 2 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt-to-income ratio. After 5 years, the interest rate stepped up 1 percent every year until it reached the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation Weekly Survey Rate cap. Contractual maturities may be extended to 40 years for consumer real estate loans. Within the credit card class of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through either a short-term credit card hardship program or a longer-term credit card workout program. In the credit card hardship program, borrowers may be granted
rate and payment reductions for 6 months to 1 year. In the credit card workout program, customers are granted a rate reduction to 0 percent and term extensions for up to 5 years to pay off the remaining balance.
Despite the absence of a loan modification, the discharge of personal liability through bankruptcy proceedings is considered a concession. As a result, FHN classifies all non-reaffirmed residential real estate loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy as nonaccruing TDRs.
On March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, FHN had $194.7 million and $206.3 million of portfolio loans classified as TDRs, respectively. For TDRs in the loan portfolio, FHN had loan loss reserves of $13.9 million, or 7 percent as of March 31, 2020, and $19.7 million, or 10 percent as of December 31, 2019. Additionally, $50.5 million and $51.1 million of loans held-for-sale as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, were classified as TDRs.
The following tables reflect portfolio loans that were classified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
March 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Number
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
 
Number
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
Commercial (C&I):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General C&I
 
3

 
$
5,927

 
$
4,433

 
2

 
$
13,895

 
$
13,820

   Total commercial (C&I)
 
3

 
5,927

 
4,433

 
2

 
13,895

 
13,820

Consumer real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HELOC
 
8

 
912

 
891

 
19

 
2,104

 
2,084

R/E installment loans
 
10

 
1,511

 
1,497

 
47

 
7,425

 
7,413

   Total consumer real estate
 
18

 
2,423

 
2,388

 
66

 
9,529

 
9,497

Credit card & other
 
24

 
158

 
146

 
15

 
74

 
71

Total troubled debt restructurings
 
45

 
$
8,508

 
$
6,967

 
83

 
$
23,498

 
$
23,388











The following tables present TDRs which re-defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, and as to which the modification occurred 12 months or less prior to the re-default. For purposes of this disclosure, FHN generally defines payment default as 30 or more days past due.
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
March 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Number
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Number
 
Recorded
Investment
Commercial (C&I):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General C&I
 

 
$

 

 
$

Total commercial (C&I)
 

 

 

 

Consumer real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HELOC
 
4

 
960

 
1

 
33

R/E installment loans
 
5

 
344

 

 

Total consumer real estate
 
9

 
1,304

 
1

 
33

Credit card & other
 
7

 
31

 
8

 
18

Total troubled debt restructurings
 
16

 
$
1,335

 
9

 
$
51



Accrued Interest

In accordance with its accounting policy elections, FHN has excluded AIR from the amortized cost basis of Loans, net of unearned income. AIR is included within Other assets in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition and the amounts by portfolio segment are presented in the following table.
 
 
March 31
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2020
Commercial:
 
 
Commercial, financial, and industrial
 
$
55,215

Commercial real estate
 
11,233

Consumer:
 
 
Consumer real estate
 
16,154

Credit card & other
 
1,672

Total accrued interest
 
$
84,274



Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans

The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the year ended December 31, 2019:
 
 
Year Ended
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2019
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
13,375

Accretion
 
(5,792
)
Adjustment for payoffs
 
(2,438
)
Adjustment for charge-offs
 
(479
)
Adjustment for pool excess recovery (a)
 

Increase in accretable yield (b)
 
5,513

Disposals
 
(4
)
Other
 
(367
)
Balance, end of period
 
$
9,808

(a)
Represents the removal of accretable difference for the remaining loans in a pool which is now in a recovery state.
(b)
Includes changes in the accretable yield due to both transfers from the nonaccretable difference and the impact of changes in the expected timing of the cash flows.

At December 31, 2019, the ALLL related to PCI loans was $2.0 million. Net charge-offs related to PCI loans during 2019 were $5.8 million. The loan loss provision expense related to PCI loans during 2019 was $1.3 million.



The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the acquired PCI loans as of December 31, 2019:
 
 
December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying value
 
Unpaid balance
Commercial, financial and industrial
 
$
24,973

 
$
25,938

Commercial real estate
 
5,078

 
5,466

Consumer real estate
 
23,681

 
26,245

Credit card and other
 
489

 
567

Total
 
$
54,221

 
$
58,216


Impaired Loans
The following tables provide information at December 31, 2019 by class related to individually impaired loans and consumer TDRs, regardless of accrual status. Recorded investment is defined as the amount of the investment in a loan, excluding any valuation allowance but including any direct write-down of the investment. For purposes of this disclosure, TRUPS valuation allowance has been excluded.
 
 
December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
General C&I
 
$
52,672

 
$
63,602

 
$

Income CRE
 
1,563

 
1,563

 

Total
 
$
54,235

 
$
65,165

 
$

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
HELOC (a)
 
$
4,940

 
$
10,438

 
$

R/E installment loans (a)
 
7,593

 
10,054

 

Total
 
$
12,533

 
$
20,492

 
$

Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
General C&I
 
$
29,766

 
$
31,536

 
$
6,196

TRUPS
 

 

 

Income CRE
 

 

 

Total
 
$
29,766

 
$
31,536

 
$
6,196

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
HELOC
 
$
55,522

 
$
59,122

 
$
7,016

R/E installment loans
 
94,191

 
104,121

 
12,282

Credit card & other
 
653

 
653

 
422

Total
 
$
150,366

 
$
163,896

 
$
19,720

Total commercial
 
$
84,001

 
$
96,701

 
$
6,196

Total consumer
 
$
162,899

 
$
184,388

 
$
19,720

Total impaired loans
 
$
246,900

 
$
281,089

 
$
25,916

(a)
All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

 
Three Months Ended March 31
 
 
2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
   General C&I
 
$
55,765

 
$
180

Loans to mortgage companies
 

 

   Income CRE
 
1,556

 
13

   Residential CRE
 

 

   Total
 
$
57,321

 
$
193

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
   HELOC (a)
 
$
7,597

 
$

   R/E installment loans (a)
 
8,637

 

   Total
 
$
16,234

 
$

Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
   General C&I
 
$
7,294

 
$

   TRUPS
 
2,863

 

   Income CRE
 
367

 
4

   Residential CRE
 

 

   Total
 
$
10,524

 
$
4

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
   HELOC
 
$
65,013

 
$
522

   R/E installment loans
 
108,059

 
822

   Credit card & other
 
690

 
5

   Total
 
$
173,762

 
$
1,349

Total commercial
 
$
67,845

 
$
197

Total consumer
 
$
189,996

 
$
1,349

Total impaired loans
 
$
257,841

 
$
1,546

(a)
All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.