tsmsrs2017.htm - Generated by SEC Publisher for SEC Filing

[FINAL]

SECURITIES REGISTRATION STATEMENT

VANGUARD INDEX FUNDS

- VANGUARD TOTAL STOCK MARKET INDEX FUND -

Offering or Sale for Registration


Name of the Fund Making	VANGUARD INDEX FUNDS - VANGUARD
Offering or Sale of Foreign	TOTAL STOCK MARKET INDEX FUND
Investment Fund Securities:

Aggregate Amount of Foreign	The approximate amount of the limit: U.S. $ 1.0
Investment Fund Securities to be	billion (approximately ¥ 111.29 billion)
Offered or Sold:

Note : The Yen amount is translated for convenience at the rate of $1.00 = ¥ 111.29 (the
mean of the exchange rate quotations by The Bank of Tokyo – Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd.
for buying and selling spot Dollars by telegraphic transfer against Yen on April 28,
2017). The same applies hereafter.

Places (other than EDINET) where a copy of this Securities Registration
Statement is available for Public Inspection

Not applicable.

PART I. INFORMATION CONCERNING SECURITIES


1.	NAME OF FUND:	VANGUARD TOTAL STOCK MARKET INDEX
		FUND (hereinafter referred to as the “Fund”)


2.	NATURE OF FOREIGN	Investor Shares (hereinafter referred to as the
	INVESTMENT FUND SECU-	“Shares”)
	RITIES CERTIFICATES:	Registered Shares with par value $0.001 per Share.
		Additional offering type (“Tsuikagata”)
		There are no credit ratings which have been provided or
		made available for inspection by any credit-rating firm
		due to the request from the issuer of the Fund, or which
		are to be provided or made available for inspection by any
		credit-rating firm due to the request from the issuer of the
		Fund.


3.	TOTAL AMOUNT OF	The approximate amount of the limit: U.S. $1.0 billion
	OFFERING PRICE:	(approximately ¥ 111.29 billion)

Note 1: The Yen amount is translated for convenience at the rate of U.S. $1.00 = ¥ 111.29 (the
mean of the exchange rate quotations by The Bank of Tokyo – Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. for
buying and selling spot U.S. Dollars by telegraphic transfer against Yen on April 28, 2017).
The same applies hereafter.

Note 2: Since Shares are denominated in U.S. Dollars, the amounts appearing hereafter are all
dollar amounts unless otherwise specifically indicated.

Note 3: In this document, money amounts and percentages have been rounded. Therefore, there
are cases in which the amount of the “total column” is not equal to the aggregate amount.
Also, translation into Yen is made simply by multiplying the corresponding amount by the
conversion rate specified and rounded up when necessary. As a result, in this document,
there are cases in which Japanese Yen figures for the same information differ from each
other.


4.	ISSUE PRICE:	The Net Asset Value per Share to be calculated on a Fund
		Business Day immediately after an application for
		purchase is received by the Fund.
		“Fund Business Day” shall mean a day on which the New
		York Stock Exchange is open for business.
		The Issue Price is available at the Place of Subscription
		as set forth in “8. PLACE OF SUBSCRIPTION” herein
		below.


5.	SALES CHARGE:	None.
		Account Administration Fee at an annual rate of 0.648%
		(0.60% excluding tax) multiplied by the Shareholder's
		average account balance shall be assessed upon each
		Shareholder quarterly in arrears. For Shareholder
		accounts which are redeemed partially or in full prior to
		the end of the quarter, the Account Administration Fee
		shall be charged in proportion to the period in which such
		shareholder holds the shares and assessed at the time of
		each redemption. Quarterly assessments shall be net of
		any fees charged for partial redemptions during the
		quarter.


6.	MINIMUM AMOUNT OR	Minimum shares shall be integral multiples of five (5)
	NUMBER OF SHARES:	shares.


7.	PERIOD OF	From:	July 1, 2017 (Saturday)
	SUBSCRIPTION:	To:	June 29, 2018 (Friday)
		Provided that the subscription is handled only on a Fund
		Business Day when sales handling companies are open
		for business in Japan, with the exception of a day in
		which the next business day is a national holiday in Japan.


8.	PLACE OF SUBSCRIPTION:	Monex, Inc.


		12-32, Akasaka 1-Chome, Minato-ku,
		Tokyo 107-6025, Japan
		Homepage address: https://www.monex.co.jp/
		Tel: 0120-430-283 Mobile/PHS: 03-6737-1667)
		(Reception time: 8:00 – 17:00 (Weekdays))
		(hereinafter referred to as the “Distributor” or a “Sales
		Handling Company”)

Note: The subscription will be handled at the head office and the branch offices of the above-
mentioned Sales Handling Company in Japan and online.


9.	DATE OF PAYMENT:	Investors shall pay the Offering Price to the
		Distributor in Japan within four (4) business
		days in Japan from and including the day when the
		Distributor in Japan confirm the execution of the
		application (the “Trade Date”).

The total issue price for each application day for

subscription will be transferred in U.S. Dollars by the

Distributor in Japan to the Fund’s custodian within one

(1) Fund Business Day after the subscription date

(“Payment Date”).

10. PLACE OF PAYMENT The subscription is handled at the head office and the branch offices of the Distributor.

11. TRANSFER AGENT Not applicable

12. MISCELLANEOUS

(1) There is no deposit for Subscription. (2) Outline of Underwriting, etc.

(a) The Distributor undertakes to sell the Shares in accordance with an agreement with The Vanguard Group, Inc. (“Vanguard”) in connection with the sale of the Shares in Japan.

(b) During the offering period, the Distributor and Sales Handling Company in Japan will execute or forward the purchase orders and repurchase requests of the Shares received directly to the Fund.

Note: Sales Handling Company means an intermediary financial instruments firm and/or registration agent financial institution which shall conclude the agreement with a distributor concerning agency business of Shares of the Fund, act as agent for a distributor for subscription or redemption of Shares of the Fund from investors and handle the business, etc. concerning receipt of subscription money from investors or payment of redemption proceeds to investors, etc.

Note: The “Agent Company” shall mean a sales handling company who is a member of the Japan Securities Dealers Association (the “JSDA”) which, under a contract made with a foreign issuer of investment securities, makes public the net asset value per share and submits or forwards the financial reports or other documents to other sales and repurchase handling companies rendering such other services.

(3) Method of Subscription:

Investors who subscribe for Shares shall enter into an agreement with the Distributor or Sales Handling Company concerning the foreign securities transactions. For this purpose, the Sales Handling Company shall deliver to investors an Agreement of Foreign Securities Transactions Account and investors shall submit to the Sales Handling Company an Application for opening of Transactions Account opened in accordance with such Agreement.

The subscription amount shall be paid in Yen in principal and the Yen exchange rate

PART II. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE FUND

I. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND

1. NATURE OF THE FUND

(1) Objects and Basic Nature of the Fund

VANGUARD TOTAL STOCK MARKET INDEX FUND (the “Fund”) seeks to track the performance of a benchmark index that measures the investment return of the overall stock market.

The Fund is a series (or sub-fund) of Vanguard Index Funds (the “Trust”). The Trust was organized as a Pennsylvania business trust in 1975 and was reorganized as a Delaware statutory trust in 1998. The Trust is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) as an open-end management investment company. All funds within the Trust are classified as diversified within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The Trust currently offers Investor Shares of the following funds in Japan.

Vanguard Small-Cap Index Fund Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund

The Trust has the ability to offer additional funds or classes of shares. There is no limit on the number of full and fractional shares that may be issued for a single fund or class of shares.


(2)	History of the Fund:
	December 31, 1975:	Execution of the Declaration of Trust
		Established as a Pennsylvania business trust
	January 23, 1998:	Execution of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust
	January 28, 1998:	Reorganized as a Delaware statutory trust
	July 19, 2002:	Execution of Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of
		Trust
	November 19, 2008:	Execution of Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of
		Trust
	May 10, 2010:	Execution of Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of
		Trust
	September 23, 2010:	Execution of Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of
		Trust

(B) Agreements made between the Investment Manager and the Related Companies


Assignment	Companies	Agreements
1. Investment Manager,	The Vanguard Group,	Investment management and transfer
Transfer and Dividend-	Inc. (“Vanguard”)	and dividend-paying agency services
Paying Agent		are provided to the Fund under the
		Fifth Amended and Restated Funds’
		Service Agreement (Note 1) dated June
		8, 2009 (as amended from time to
		time).
2. Custodian	JPMorgan Chase Bank	Custody services to the Fund are
		provided under a Global Custody
		Agreement (Note 2) dated June 25,
		2001 (as amended from time to time).
3. AgentCompany	Vanguard Investments	Agent Company Agreement with
	Japan, Ltd.	respect to the sale of the Fund’s Shares
		in Japan under an Agent Company
		Agreement (Note 3) dated September
		26, 2005 (as amended from time to
		time).
4. Distributorin Japan	Monex, Inc.	Forwarding the purchase or repurchase
		orders for the Shares in Japan under
		Shares Distribution and Redemption
		Agreement (Note 4) dated May 1, 2005
		(as amended from time to time).


Note 1:	“Fifth Amended and Restated Funds’ Service Agreement” shall mean the agreement between the Trust and
	Vanguard by which the Trust entrusted the powers in respect of management and administration of the Funds,
	etc. to Vanguard.

Note 2:	“Global Custody Agreement” shall mean the agreement between the Custodian and the Trust by which the
	Custodian agrees to provide services such as custody of the assets of the Fund.

Note 3:	“Agent Company Agreement” shall mean the agreement by which the Agent Company in Japan which was
	appointed by the Management Company, agrees to distribute the prospectuses regarding the shares of the
	Fund, publication of the Net Asset Value per Share and the distribution of the documents such as the
	management reports, etc. to be required in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and
	regulations of Japan and/or the rules of the Japan Securities Dealers’ Association.

Note 4:	“Shares Distribution and Redemption Agreement” shall mean the agreement by which the Distributors agree,
	for the purpose of the offering shares in Japan, to distribute shares provided by the Trust. Distribution should
	be made in the manner consistent with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations of Japan and the
	Prospectus.


Trust	Vanguard Index Funds


1. Law of Place of Incorporation	The Trust was organized as a Pennsylvania business trust in 1975 and
	was reorganized as a Delaware statutory trust in 1998. The Trust is
	registered with the SEC under the 1940 Act as an open-end
	management investment company. All funds within the Trust are
	classified as diversified within the meaning of the 1940 Act.
2. Purposeof the Trust	The Trust was established to conduct, operate, and carry on the
	business of a management investment company registered under the
	1940 Act through one or more series (or sub-fund) investing primarily
	in securities.
3. Amountof Capital Stock	Not applicable.
4. Historyof the Trust	December 31, 1975:	Organization of the Trust as a
		Pennsylvania business trust
	January 23, 1998:	Execution of the Agreement and
		Declaration of Trust
	January 28, 1998:	Reorganization as a Delaware
		statutory trust
	July 19, 2002:	Execution of the Amended and Restated
		Agreement and Declaration of Trust
	November 19, 2008:	Execution of the Amended and Restated
		Agreement and Declaration of Trust
	May 10, 2010:	Execution of the Amended and Restated
		Agreement and Declaration of Trust
	September 23, 2010:	Execution of the Amended and Restated
		Agreement and Declaration of Trust

5. MajorShareholders	As of March 31, 2017, the following owned of record 5% or more of
	the outstanding Investor Shares of the Fund:

	Vanguard Target Retirement 2025 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (11.83%)
	Vanguard Target Retirement 2035 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (11.54%)
	Vanguard Target Retirement 2030 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (10.81%)
	Vanguard Target Retirement 2040 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (9.27%)
	Vanguard Target Retirement 2020 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (8.86%)
	Vanguard Target Retirement 2045 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (8.72%)
	Vanguard LifeStrategy Growth Fund, Valley Forge, PA (5.66%)
	Vanguard Target Retirement 2050 Fund, Valley Forge, PA (5.58%)

6. Name and Title of	F. William McNabb III, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Representative

(4) Outline of Laws Regulating the Fund in the Jurisdiction Where Established:

The Trust was created under, and is subject to, the General Laws and the common law of the State of Delaware. With respect to its operations, the Fund is also subject to the 1940 Act, as amended, the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”) and regulations promulgated under each statute. With respect to the sale of

its Shares, the Fund is subject to the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “1934 Act”), the "Blue Sky" laws (state securities laws of the various states in the United States; hereinafter, the “Blue Sky Law”) and the regulations promulgated under such laws.

The substance of the governing law is as follows:

a. Delaware Statutory Trust Act (Delaware Code Chapter 38 et seq.) (“Treatment of Delaware Statutory Trusts”) (the “Statutory Trust Act”)

NOTE: This chapter was amended, effective 9/1/2002 to change the term “business trust” to “statutory trust.”

Chapter 38 provides as follows:

Delaware has had in effect since October 1, 1988, the Statutory Trust Act, which expressly recognizes the Delaware statutory trust. The principal purpose of the Statutory Trust Act is to modernize the common law and provide certainty by codifying Delaware law with respect to the use of trusts in business transactions. The Statutory Trust Act permits the trust agreement of a statutory trust to establish whatever rights and obligations of the trustees and of the beneficial owners as are desirable. The voting rights of trustees or beneficial owners, or any class or series thereof, may be expanded, limited or eliminated with respect to virtually any matter relating to the statutory trust. This flexibility provides an advantage over alternative forms of business organizations and common law trusts which often are subject to mandatory provisions.

Under the Statutory Trust Act, the beneficial owners of a Delaware statutory trust have the same limitations of personal liability as shareholders of a Delaware corporation. Except to the extent otherwise provided in the trust agreement, a statutory trust is managed by or under the direction of its trustees, who are not liable to the statutory trust or to any beneficial owner for the obligations of the statutory trust. The Statutory Trust Act provides that at least one trustee must be a Delaware resident. However, a trust that is or will become a registered investment company is exempt from this requirement. The duties of the trustees may be specified in the trust agreement. Moreover, the trust agreement may provide for the appointment of managers, employees or other persons to manage the statutory trust with such rights, powers and duties as are set forth herein.

To the extent that trustees or other persons who are responsible for managing the statutory trust have duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the statutory trust or to the beneficial owners, such persons' duties may be expanded or restricted by the trust agreement. In addition, such persons shall not be liable to the statutory trust, any beneficial owner, or any trustee for their good faith reliance on the provisions of the trust agreement.

b. Delaware Common Law

Common law is a non-statutory law developed through court judgements. Certain legal principles developed through decisions rendered by the courts of the State of Delaware are applicable to Delaware Statutory Trusts and trustees of such trusts.

c.	Investment Company Act of 1940
	The 1940 Act gives the SEC the authority to enforce the 1940 Act’s provisions. The 1940 Act requires an investment company to (i) disclose financial information and fundamental policies, (ii) submit registration statements to the SEC, and (iii) submit and deliver certain reports to the SEC and shareholders. The 1940 Act generally prohibits investment companies from changing the nature of their business or other fundamental policies without the approval of the shareholders. The 1940 Act regulates the custody of a fund's assets and, more generally, a fund's business and conduct.
d.	Securities Act of 1933
	The 1933 Act regulates the sales of securities. The 1933 Act requires information with regard to securities being issued or sold to be disclosed by means of a registration statement, including a prospectus. The 1933 Act makes any fraudulent act in connection with the issuance or sale of such securities unlawful.
e.	Securities Exchange Act of 1934
	The 1934 Act regulates the purchase and sale of securities and pertains to continuous disclosure with respect to securities, proxy statement, unlawful use of inside information and other fraudulent conduct. It also includes provisions relating to the securities markets as well as extensive regulations relating to securities dealers.
f.	The Internal Revenue Code of 1986
	The Code provides for the qualification of a fund to be treated as a regulated investment company.

(5) Outline of Disclosure System:

(A) Disclosure in the U.S.

(i) Disclosure to the SEC

The Fund has filed a registration statement with the SEC on Form N-1A; the Fund
updates that registration statement periodically in accordance with the 1933 Act
and the 1940 Act.

(ii) Disclosure to Shareholders

In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to send to its Shareholders
annual and semi-annual reports containing financial information.

(B) Disclosure in Japan:

a. Disclosure to the Supervisory Authority

(i) Disclosure Required under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law:

When the Trustees intend to offer the Shares of the Fund amounting to 100 million Yen or more in Japan, it shall submit to the Director of Kanto Local Finance Bureau of the Ministry of Finance the securities registration statement. The said documents are made available for public inspection for the investors on the electronic disclosure system (EDINET) concerning the disclosure documents of the Annual Securities Report, etc. under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan.

The Sales Handling Companies of the Shares shall deliver to the investors “Mandatory Prospectuses” (Kofu-Mokuromisho in Japanese), which should be delivered to the investors before or at the same time as their application for subscription in accordance with the stipulation of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. In addition, if requested from investors, the Distributor shall deliver to the investors “Prospectuses on Request” (Seikyu-Mokuromisho in Japanese), which should be delivered to the investors, if they request them in accordance with the stipulation of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. For the purpose of disclosure of the financial conditions, etc., the Trustees shall submit to the Director of Kanto Local Finance Bureau of the Ministry of Finance securities reports within 6 months of the end of each fiscal year, semi-annual reports within 3 months of the end of each semi-annual period and extraordinary reports from time to time when changes occur as to material subjects of the Fund. These documents are available for public inspection for the investors and any other persons who desire on EDINET, etc.

(ii) Disclosure under the Law Concerning Investment Trusts and Investment Companies:

If the Trust conducts business of offering for sale Shares of the Fund, it must file in advance the prescribed matters on the Fund with the Commissioner of Financial Services Agency under the Law Concerning Investment Trusts and Investment Companies (the Law No.198, 1951) (the “Investment Trusts Law”). In addition, if the Trust amends the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust or in certain other prescribed cases, it must file in advance the contents of such changes and the reasons therefor, etc. with the Commissioner of Financial Services Agency. Further, the Trustees must prepare the Mandatory Management Report and the Full Management Report on the prescribed matters concerning the assets of the Fund under the Investment Trusts Law immediately after the end of each calculation period of the Fund and must file such Report with the Commissioner of Financial Services Agency.

b. Disclosure to Japanese Shareholders:

In the case where the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust is to be amended and the amendment is significant or in certain other prescribed cases, the Trust shall provide in advance a written notice of such amendment and the reasons therefor, etc. to all Japanese Shareholders known to the Distributor in Japan.

The Japanese Shareholders will be notified of the material facts which would change their position and of notices from the Trustees, through the Sales Handling Companies.

The above-described Mandatory Management Report on the Fund will be sent to the Shareholders known in Japan . The Full Management Report (including Annual Financial Report) in the electronic form will be available on the website of the Agent Company or the Distributor.

(6) Outline of the Supervisory Authority:

The Fund is subject to supervision by the SEC and the securities authorities of the
various U.S. states.

a.	The SEC
(i)	Acceptance of Registration Applications (Sections 7 and 8 of the 1940 Act)
	An investment company must register with the SEC by filing a notification of registration in such form as the SEC shall prescribe. An investment company is deemed to have been registered when it has filed such registration notification with the SEC. After filing the prescribed notification, an investment company must file a registration statement with the SEC.
(ii)	Suspension or revocation of registration as a registered investment company (Section 8 of the 1940 Act) An investment company may have its registration suspended or revoked by order of the SEC if it fails to submit a registration statement or report or if either is materially incomplete or misleading.
(iii)	Supervision of changes in trustees and officers (Section 9(b) of the 1940 Act)
	The SEC can prohibit trustees and officers from serving as such in the event they are found to have willfully violated certain U.S. federal securities laws.
(iv)	Examination of registration statement (Sections 5, 8 and 10 of the 1933 Act)
	In order to sell Shares to the public, the Fund must file a registration statement with the SEC and such statement must have become effective. The registration statement is prepared in accordance with Form N-1A and must include the information required by Form N-1A and, more generally, the 1933 Act and rules thereunder. The SEC will examine the registration statement and, if it does not

	comply with the requirements of Form N-1A, may order its modification or deny its effectiveness. Parts A and B of the Form N-1A registration statement consist of the investment company's prospectus and statement of additional information, respectively.
(v)	Supervision of the business (Section 12 of the 1940 Act)
	The SEC regulates the function and activities of investment companies, including such matters as the purchase of securities on margin, short sales of securities, underwriting commitments, acquisition of securities issued by other investment companies, organization of face amount certificate companies, acquisition of voting stock of insurance companies and other matters.
(vi)	Acceptance of Periodic reports (Section 30 of the 1940 Act)
	The SEC requires all investment companies to submit annual and other reports. The SEC regulates the content of these reports, thereby exercising its supervisory authority.
b.	State Securities Supervisory Authorities
(i)	Provisions concerning licenses
	Most states require brokers, dealers, securities salespersons, and certain investment advisors either to acquire licenses from the state or, at least, to be registered with a state agency.
(ii)	Provisions concerning registration of securities
	Each of the 50 states in the United States requires notification of the availability of shares upon registration of a fund's shares with the SEC prior to any lawful sale or offer to sell.
(iii)	Provisions concerning prevention of fraud
	In general, state laws regulating the offering and sale of securities, commonly called
	“Blue Sky Laws,” provide various sanctions for fraudulent acts in connection
	with the sale of securities, such as prosecution resulting in a fine and/or imprisonment,
	injunction, an order requiring payment of the deposit, temporary suspension
	or revocation of license or registration, and civil liability for damages.

2. INVESTMENT POLICY

(1) Investment Objective

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

The Fund seeks to track the performance of a benchmark index that measures the investment return of the overall stock market.

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

The Fund employs an indexing investment approach designed to track the performance of the CRSP US Total Market Index (the “Index”), which represents approximately 100% of the investable U.S. stock market and includes large-, mid-, small-, and micro-cap stocks regularly traded on the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq. The Fund invests by sampling the Index, meaning that it holds a broadly diversified collection of securities that, in the aggregate, approximates the full Index in terms of key characteristics. These key characteristics include industry weightings and market capitalization, as well as certain financial measures, such as price/earnings ratio and dividend yield.

Characteristics of Index Funds

Index funds typically have the following characteristics:

- Variety of Investments. Most Vanguard index funds generally invest in the securities of a variety of companies and industries.

- Relative performance consistency. Because they seek to track market benchmarks, index funds usually do not perform dramatically better or worse than their benchmarks.

- Low cost. Index funds are inexpensive to run compared with actively managed funds. They have low or no research costs and typically keep trading activity—and thus brokerage commissions and other transaction costs—to a minimum compared with actively managed funds.

Security Selection

The Fund attempts to track the investment performance of a benchmark index that measures the return of the overall stock market. The Fund uses a sampling method of indexing, meaning that the Fund’s advisor, using computer programs, generally selects from the target index a representative sample of securities that will resemble the target index in terms of key characteristics. These include industry weightings, market capitalization, and other financial characteristics of stocks.

The Fund is subject to stock market risk, which is the chance that stock prices overall will decline. Stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising prices and periods of falling prices. In addition, the Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular market sector, which would subject the Fund to proportionately higher exposure to the risks of that sector.

To illustrate the volatility of stock prices, the following table shows the best, worst, and average annual total returns for the U.S. stock market over various periods as measured by the S&P 500 Index, a widely used barometer of U.S. stock market activity. Total returns consist of dividend income plus change in market price. Note that the returns shown do not include the costs of buying and selling stocks or other expenses that a real-world investment portfolio would incur.


	U.S. Stock Market Returns (1926-2016)
	1 Year	5 Years	10 Years	20 Years
Best	54.2%	28.6%	19.9%	17.8%
Worst	-43.1%	-12.4%	-1.4%	3.1%
Average	11.9%	10.1%	10.3%	11.0%

All market indexes referenced in this document are the exclusive property of their respective owners.

The table covers all of the rolling 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods from 1926 through 2016. Investors can see, for example, that although the average annual return on common stocks for all of the 5-year periods was 10.1%, average annual returns for individual 5-year periods ranged from -12.4% (from 1928 through 1932) to 28.6% (from 1995 through 1999). These average annual returns reflect past performance of common stocks; investors should not regard them as an indication of future performance of either the stock market as a whole or the Fund in particular.

Keep in mind that the S&P 500 Index tracks mainly large-cap stocks. Historically, small- and mid-cap stocks (such as those held by the Fund) have been more volatile than—and at times have performed quite differently from—the large-cap stocks of the S&P 500 Index. Similarly, indexes that focus on growth stocks or value stocks will not necessarily perform in the same way as the broader S&P 500 Index. Both growth and value stocks have the potential at times to be more volatile than the broader markets.

Stocks of publicly traded companies and funds that invest in stocks are often classified according to market value, or market capitalization. These classifications typically include small-cap, mid-cap, and large-cap. It is important to understand that market-capitalization ranges change over time. Also, interpretations of size vary, and there are no “official” definitions of small-, mid-, and large-cap, even among Vanguard fund advisors. The asset weighted median market capitalization of the Fund’s stock holdings as of December 31, 2016 was $54.1 billion.

The Fund is also subject to index sampling risk, which is the chance that securities selected for the Fund, in the aggregate, will not provide investment performance matching that of the Fund’s target index. Index sampling risk for the Fund should be low.

TURNOVER RATE

Although the Fund generally seeks to invest for the long term, the Fund may sell securities regardless of how long they have been held. Generally, an index fund sells securities in response to redemption requests from shareholders of conventional (not exchange-traded) shares or to changes in the composition of its target index. Turnover rates for large-cap stock index funds tend to be low because large-cap indexes typically do not change significantly from year to year. Turnover rates for mid-cap and small-cap stock index funds tend to be higher than for large-cap stock index funds (although still relatively low, compared with actively managed stock funds) because the indexes they track are more likely to change as a result of companies merging, growing, or failing. A

turnover rate of 100%, for example, would mean that the Fund had sold and replaced securities valued at 100% of its net assets within a one-year period. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 4% of the average value of its portfolio.

OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS

The Fund reserves the right to substitute a different index for the index it currently tracks if the current index is discontinued, if the Fund’s agreement with the sponsor of its target index is terminated, or for any other reason determined in good faith by the Fund's board of trustees. In any such instance, the substitute index would represent the same market segment as the current index.

The Fund may invest in non-U.S. securities to the extent necessary to carry out its investment strategy of holding all, substantially all, or a representative sample of the stocks that make up the index it tracks. It is not expected that the Fund will invest more than 5% of its assets in non-U.S. securities.

To track its target index as closely as possible, the Fund attempts to remain fully invested in stocks. To help stay fully invested and to reduce transaction costs, the Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in derivatives, including equity futures. The Fund may also use derivatives such as total return swaps to obtain exposure to a stock, a basket of stocks, or an index. Generally speaking, a derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on the value of a financial asset (such as a stock, a bond, or a currency), a physical asset (such as gold, oil, or wheat), a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index) , or a reference rate (such as LIBOR). Investments in derivatives may subject the Fund to risks different from, and possibly greater than, those of investments directly in the underlying securities or assets. The Fund will not use derivatives for speculation or for the purpose of leveraging (magnifying) investment returns.

CASH MANAGEMENT

The Fund’s daily cash balance may be invested in one or more Vanguard CMT Funds, which are very low-cost money market funds. When investing in a Vanguard CMT Fund, the Fund bears its proportionate share of the expenses of the CMT Fund in which it invests. Vanguard receives no additional revenue from Fund assets invested in a Vanguard CMT Fund.

TEMPORARY INVESTMENT MEASURES

The Fund may temporarily depart from its normal investment policies and strategies when the advisor believes that doing so is in the Fund’s best interest, so long as the alternative is consistent with the Fund’s investment objective. For instance, the Fund may invest beyond its normal limits in derivatives or exchange-traded funds that are consistent with the Fund’s objective when those instruments are more favorably priced or provide needed liquidity, as might be the case when the Fund receives large cash flows that it cannot prudently invest immediately.

FREQUENT TRADING OR MARKET TIMING Background

Some investors try to profit from strategies involving frequent trading of mutual fund shares, such as market-timing. For funds holding non-U.S. securities, investors may

try to take advantage of an anticipated difference between the price of the fund’s shares and price movements in overseas markets, a practice also known as time-zone arbitrage. Investors also may try to engage in frequent trading of funds holding investments such as small-cap stocks and high-yield bonds. As money is shifted into and out of a fund by a shareholder engaging in frequent trading, the fund incurs costs for buying and selling securities, resulting in increased brokerage and administrative costs. These costs are borne by all fund shareholders, including the long-term investors who do not generate the costs. In addition, frequent trading may interfere with an advisor’s ability to efficiently manage the fund.

Policies to Address Frequent Trading.

The Vanguard funds (other than money market funds and short-term bond funds, but including Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities Index Fund) do not knowingly accommodate frequent trading. The board of trustees of each Vanguard fund (other than money market funds and short-term bond funds, but including Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities Index Fund) has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to detect and discourage frequent trading and, in some cases, to compensate the fund for the costs associated with it. These policies and procedures do not apply to Vanguard ETF^®* Shares because frequent trading in ETF Shares generally does not disrupt portfolio management or otherwise harm fund shareholders. Although there is no assurance that Vanguard will be able to detect or prevent frequent trading or market-timing in all circumstances, the following policies have been adopted to address these issues: • Each Vanguard fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request—including exchanges from other Vanguard funds—without notice and regardless of size. For example, a purchase request could be rejected because the investor has a history of frequent trading or if Vanguard determines that such purchase may negatively affect a fund’s operation or performance.

• Each Vanguard fund (other than money market funds and short-term bond funds, but including Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities Index Fund) generally prohibits, except for certain cases, an investor’s purchases or exchanges into a fund account for 30 calendar days after the investor has redeemed or exchanged out of that fund account.

• Certain Vanguard funds charge shareholders purchase and/or redemption fees on transactions.

Each Vanguard fund (other than retail and government money market funds), in determining its net asset value, will, use fair-value pricing, when appropriate, as described in “Part II 3.(1) Valuation of Assets”. Fair-value pricing may reduce or eliminate the profitability of certain frequent-trading strategies.

Do not invest with Vanguard if you are a market-timer.

*U.S. Patent Nos. 6,879,964; 7,337,138; 7,720,749; 7,925,573;.8,090,646; and 8,417,623

(2) Objects of Investment

The Fund seeks to track the performance of a benchmark index that measures the investment return of the overall stock market.

Some of the investment strategies and policies described on the following pages and in the preceding section set forth percentage limitations on the Fund’s investment in, or holdings of, certain securities or other assets. Unless otherwise required by law, compliance with these strategies and policies will be determined immediately after the acquisition of such securities or assets by the Fund. Subsequent changes in values, net assets, or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether the investment complies with the Fund’s investment strategies and policies.

The following investment strategies, risks and policies supplement the Fund’s investment strategies, risks and policies set forth above. With respect to the different investments discussed as follows, the Fund may acquire such investments to the extent consistent with its investment strategies and policies.

Borrowing. A fund’s ability to borrow money is limited by its investment policies and limitations; by the 1940 Act; and by applicable exemptions, no-action letters, interpretations, and other pronouncements issued from time to time by the SEC and its staff or any other regulatory authority, with jurisdiction. Under the 1940 Act, a fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the fund’s total assets made for temporary or emergency purposes. Any borrowings for temporary purposes in excess of 5% of the fund’s total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or for other reasons, a fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays) to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time.

Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased with the proceeds of such borrowing. A fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.

The SEC takes the position that transactions that have a leveraging effect on the capital structure of a fund or are economically equivalent to borrowing can be viewed as constituting a form of borrowing by the fund for purposes of the 1940 Act. These transactions can include entering into reverse repurchase agreements; engaging in mortgage-dollar-roll transactions; selling securities short (other than short sales “against-the-box”); buying and selling certain derivatives (such as futures contracts); selling (or writing) put and call options; engaging in sale-buybacks; entering into firm-commitment and standby-commitment agreements; engaging in when-issued, delayed-delivery, or forward-commitment transactions; and participating in other similar trading practices. (Additional discussion about a number of these transactions can be found in the Statement of Additional Information available in English upon request). A borrowing transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a

fund, if the fund maintains an offsetting financial position; segregates liquid assets (with such liquidity determined by the advisor in accordance with procedures established by the board of trustees) equal (as determined on a daily mark-to-market basis) in value to the fund’s potential economic exposure under the borrowing transaction; or otherwise “covers” the transaction in accordance with applicable SEC guidance (collectively, “covers” the transaction). A fund may have to buy or sell a security at a disadvantageous time or price in order to cover a borrowing transaction. In addition, segregated assets may not be available to satisfy redemptions or to fulfill other obligations.

Common Stock. Common stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer. Common stock typically entitles the owner to vote on the election of directors and other important matters, as well as to receive dividends on such stock. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds, other debt holders, and owners of preferred stock take precedence over the claims of those who own common stock.

Convertible Securities. Convertible securities are hybrid securities that combine the investment characteristics of bonds and common stocks. Convertible securities typically consist of debt securities or preferred stock that may be converted (on a voluntary or mandatory basis) within a specified period of time (normally for the entire life of the security) into a certain amount of common stock or other equity security of the same or a different issuer at a predetermined price. Convertible securities also include debt securities with warrants or common stock attached and derivatives combining the features of debt securities and equity securities. Other convertible securities with features and risks not specifically referred to herein may become available in the future. Convertible securities involve risks similar to those of both fixed income and equity securities. In a corporation’s capital structure, convertible securities are senior to common stock, but are usually subordinated to senior debt obligations of the issuer.

The market value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value” and its “conversion value.” A security’s “investment value” represents the value of the security without its conversion feature (i.e., a nonconvertible debt security). The investment value may be determined by reference to its credit quality and the current value of its yield to maturity or probable call date. At any given time, investment value is dependent upon such factors as the general level of interest rates, the yield of similar nonconvertible securities, the financial strength of the issuer, and the seniority of the security in the issuer’s capital structure. A security’s “conversion value” is determined by multiplying the number of shares the holder is entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange by the current price of the underlying security. If the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly below its investment value, the convertible security will trade like nonconvertible debt or preferred stock and its market value will not be influenced greatly by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security. In that circumstance, the convertible security takes on the characteristics of a bond, and its price moves in the opposite direction from interest rates. Conversely, if the conversion value of a convertible security is near or above its investment value, the market value of the convertible security will be more heavily influenced by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security. In that case, the convertible security’s price may be as volatile as

that of common stock. Because both interest rates and market movements can influence its value, a convertible security generally is not as sensitive to interest rates as a similar debt security, nor is it as sensitive to changes in share price as its underlying equity security. Convertible securities are often rated below investment grade or are not rated, and they are generally subject to a high degree of credit risk.

Although all markets are prone to change over time, the generally high rate at which convertible securities are retired (through mandatory or scheduled conversions by issuers or through voluntary redemptions by holders) and replaced with newly issued convertible securities may cause the convertible securities market to change more rapidly than other markets. For example, a concentration of available convertible securities in a few economic sectors could elevate the sensitivity of the convertible securities market to the volatility of the equity markets and to the specific risks of those sectors. Moreover, convertible securities with innovative structures, such as mandatory-conversion securities and equity-linked securities, have increased the sensitivity of the convertible securities market to the volatility of the equity markets and to the special risks of those innovations, which may include risks different from, and possibly greater than, those associated with traditional convertible securities. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price set in the governing instrument of the convertible security. If a convertible security held by a fund is subject to such redemption option and is called for redemption, the fund must allow the issuer to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock, or sell the security to a third party.

Depositary Receipts. Depositary receipts (also sold as participatory notes) are securities that evidence ownership interests in a security or a pool of securities that have been deposited with a “depository.” Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored and include American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), European Depositary Receipts (EDRs), and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs). For ADRs, the depository is typically a U.S. financial institution, and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S. issuer. For other depositary receipts, the depository may be a non-U.S. or a U.S. entity, and the underlying securities may have a non-U.S. or a U.S. issuer. Depositary receipts will not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as their underlying securities. Generally, ADRs are issued in registered form, denominated in U.S. Dollars, and designed for use in the U.S. securities markets. Other depositary receipts, such as GDRs and EDRs, may be issued in bearer form and denominated in other currencies, and they are generally designed for use in securities markets outside the United States. Although the two types of depositary receipt facilities (sponsored and unsponsored) are similar, there are differences regarding a holder’s rights and obligations and the practices of market participants.

A depository may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or acquiescence of) the underlying issuer; typically, however, the depository requests a letter of nonobjection from the underlying issuer prior to establishing the facility. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of the facility. The depository usually charges fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the underlying securities, the conversion of dividends into U.S. Dollars or other currency, the disposition of noncash distributions, and the performance of other services. The depository of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications

received from the underlying issuer or to pass through voting rights to depositary receipt holders with respect to the underlying securities.

Sponsored depositary receipt facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored facilities, except that sponsored depositary receipts are established jointly by a depository and the underlying issuer through a deposit agreement. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and responsibilities of the underlying issuer, the depository, and the depositary receipt holders. With sponsored facilities, the underlying issuer typically bears some of the costs of the depositary receipts (such as dividend payment fees of the depository), although most sponsored depositary receipt holders may bear costs such as deposit and withdrawal fees. Depositories of most sponsored depositary receipts agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings, voting instructions, and other shareholder communications and information to the depositary receipt holders at the underlying issuer’s request.

For purposes of a fund’s investment policies, investments in depositary receipts will be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a depositary receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. Depositary receipts do not eliminate all of the risks associated with directly investing in the securities of non-U.S. issuers.

Derivatives. A derivative is a financial instrument that has a value based on—or “derived from”—the values of other assets, reference rates, or indexes. Derivatives may relate to a wide variety of underlying references, such as commodities, stocks, bonds, interest rates, currency exchange rates, and related indexes. Derivatives include futures contracts and options on futures contracts, certain forward-commitment transactions, options on securities, caps, floors, collars, swap agreements, and certain other financial instruments. Some derivatives, such as futures contracts and certain options, are traded on U.S. commodity and securities exchanges, while other derivatives, such as swap agreements, may be privately negotiated and entered into in the over-the-counter market (OTC Derivatives) or may be cleared through a clearinghouse (Cleared Derivatives) and traded on an exchange or swap execution facility. As a result of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), certain swap agreements, such as certain standardized credit default and interest rate swap agreements, must be cleared through a clearinghouse and traded on an exchange or swap execution facility. This could result in an increase in the overall costs of such transactions. While the intent of derivatives regulatory reform is to mitigate risks associated with derivatives markets, the new regulations could, among other things, increase liquidity and decrease pricing for more standardized products while decreasing liquidity and increasing pricing for less standardized products. The risks associated with the use of derivatives are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the securities or assets on which the derivatives are based.

Derivatives may be used for a variety of purposes including—but not limited to—hedging, managing risk, seeking to stay fully invested, seeking to reduce transaction costs, seeking to simulate an investment in equity or debt securities or other investments, and seeking to add value by using derivatives to more efficiently implement portfolio positions when derivatives are favorably priced relative to equity or debt securities or other investments. Some investors may use derivatives primarily for speculative purposes while

other uses of derivatives may not constitute speculation. There is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by a fund’s advisor will succeed. The other parties to the funds’ OTC Derivatives contracts (usually referred to as “counterparties”) will not be considered the issuers thereof for purposes of certain provisions of the 1940 Act and the Code, although such OTC Derivatives may qualify as securities or investments under such laws. The funds’ advisors, however, will monitor and adjust, as appropriate, the funds’ credit risk exposure to OTC Derivative counterparties.

Derivative products are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. The use of a derivative requires an understanding not only of the underlying instrument but also of the derivative itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the derivative under all possible market conditions.

When the fund enters into a Cleared Derivative, an initial margin deposit with a Futures Commission Merchant (FCM) is required. Initial margin deposits are typically calculated as an amount equal to the volatility in market value of a Cleared Derivative over a fixed period. If the value of the fund’s Cleared Derivatives declines, the fund will be required to make additional “variation margin” payments to the FCM to settle the change in value. If the value of the fund’s Cleared Derivatives increases, the FCM will be required to make additional “variation margin” payments to the fund to settle the change in value. This process is known as “marking-to-market” and is calculated on a daily basis.

For OTC Derivatives, the fund is subject to the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of the counterparty or the failure of the counterparty to make required payments or otherwise comply with the terms of the contract. Additionally, the use of credit derivatives can result in losses if a fund’s advisor does not correctly evaluate the creditworthiness of the issuer on which the credit derivative is based.

Derivatives may be subject to liquidity risk, which exists when a particular derivative is difficult to purchase or sell. If a derivative transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid (as is the case with certain OTC Derivatives), it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price.

Derivatives may be subject to pricing or “basis” risk, which exists when a particular derivative becomes extraordinarily expensive relative to historical prices or the prices of corresponding cash market instruments. Under certain market conditions, it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position in time to avoid a loss or take advantage of an opportunity.

Because certain derivatives have a leverage component, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate, or index can result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. A derivative transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” Like most other investments, derivative instruments are subject to the risk that the market value of the instrument will change in a way detrimental to a fund’s interest. A

fund bears the risk that its advisor will incorrectly forecast future market trends or the values of assets, reference rates, indexes, or other financial or economic factors in establishing derivative positions for the fund. If the advisor attempts to use a derivative as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a portfolio investment, the fund will be exposed to the risk that the derivative will have or will develop imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment. This could cause substantial losses for the fund. Although hedging strategies involving derivative instruments can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other fund investments. Many derivatives ( in particular, OTC Derivatives) are complex and often valued subjectively. Improper valuations can result in increased cash payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to a fund.

Exchange-Traded Funds. A fund may purchase shares of exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Typically, a fund would purchase ETF shares for the same reason it would purchase (and as an alternative to purchasing) futures contracts: to obtain exposure to all or a portion of the stock or bond market. ETF shares enjoy several advantages over futures. Depending on the market, the holding period, and other factors, ETF shares can be less costly and more tax-efficient than futures. In addition, ETF shares can be purchased for smaller sums, offer exposure to market sectors and styles for which there is no suitable or liquid futures contract, and do not involve leverage.

An investment in an ETF generally presents the same principal risks as an investment in a conventional fund (i.e., one that is not exchange-traded) that has the same investment objective, strategies, and policies. The price of an ETF can fluctuate within a wide range, and a fund could lose money investing in an ETF if the prices of the securities owned by the ETF go down. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional funds: (1) the market price of an ETF’s shares may trade at a discount or a premium to their net asset value; (2) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; and (3) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted by the activation of individual or marketwide trading halts (which halt trading for a specific period of time when the price of a particular security or overall market prices decline by a specified percentage). Trading of an ETF’s shares may also be halted if the shares are delisted from the exchange without first being listed on another exchange or if the listing exchange’s officials determine that such action is appropriate in the interest of a fair and orderly market or for the protection of investors.

Most ETFs are investment companies. Therefore, a fund’s purchases of ETF shares generally are subject to the limitations on, and the risks of, a fund’s investments in other investment companies, which are described under the heading “Other Investment Companies.” Vanguard ETF^®Shares are exchange-traded shares that represent an interest in an investment portfolio held by Vanguard funds. A fund’s investments in Vanguard ETF Shares are also generally subject to the descriptions, limitations, and risks described under the heading “Other Investment Companies,” except as provided by an exemption granted by the SEC that permits registered investment companies to invest in a Vanguard fund that issues ETF Shares beyond the limits of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, subject to certain terms and conditions.

Non-U.S. Securities. Typically, non-U.S. securities are considered to be equity or debt securities issued by entities organized, domiciled, or with a principal executive office outside the United States, such as non-U.S. corporations and governments. Securities issued by certain companies organized outside the United States may not be deemed to be non-U.S. securities if the company’s principal operations are conducted from the United States or when the company’s equity securities trade principally on a U.S. stock exchange. Non-U.S. securities may trade in U.S. or non-U.S. securities markets. A fund may make non-U.S. investments either directly by purchasing non-U.S. securities or indirectly by purchasing depositary receipts or depositary shares of similar instruments (depositary receipts) for non-U.S. securities. Direct investments in non-U.S. securities may be made either on non-U.S. securities exchanges or in the over-the-counter (OTC) markets. Investing in non-U.S. securities involves certain special risk considerations that are not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or governments.

Because non-U.S. issuers are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those applicable to U.S. issuers, there may be less publicly available information about certain non-U.S. issuers than about U.S. issuers. Evidence of securities ownership may be uncertain in many non-U.S. countries. As a result, there are multiple risks that could result in a loss to the fund, including, but not limited to, the risk that a fund’s trade details could be incorrectly or fraudulently entered at the time of a transaction. Securities of non-U.S. issuers are generally more volatile and less liquid than securities of comparable U.S. issuers, and non-U.S. investments may be effected through structures that may be complex or confusing. In certain countries, there is less government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in the United States. The risk that securities traded on foreign exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange, or by government authorities, is also heightened. In addition, with respect to certain non-U.S. countries, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political or social instability, war, terrorism, nationalization, limitations on the removal of funds or other assets, or diplomatic developments that could affect U.S. investments in those countries. Additionally, economic or other sanctions imposed on the United States by a foreign country, or imposed on a foreign country or issuer by the United States, could impair a fund’s ability to buy, sell, hold, receive, deliver, or otherwise transact in certain investment securities. Sanctions could also affect the value and/or liquidity of a foreign security.

Although an advisor will endeavor to achieve the most favorable execution costs for a fund’s portfolio transactions in non-U.S. securities under the circumstances, commissions and other transaction costs are generally higher than those on U.S. securities. In addition, it is expected that the custodian arrangement expenses for a fund that invests primarily in non-U.S. securities will be somewhat greater than the expenses for a fund that invests primarily in U.S. securities. Additionally, bankruptcy laws vary by jurisdiction and cash deposits may be subject to a custodian’s creditors. Certain non-U.S. governments levy withholding or other taxes against dividend and interest income from capital gains on the sale of or transactions in non-U.S. securities. Although in some countries a portion of these taxes is recoverable by the fund, the non-recovered portion of foreign withholding taxes will reduce the income received from such securities.

The value of the non-U.S. securities held by a fund that are not U.S. dollar-denominated may be significantly affected by changes in currency exchange rates. The U.S. dollar value of a non-U.S. security generally decreases when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the non-U.S. currency in which the security is denominated, and it tends to increase when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such currency (as discussed under the heading “Non-U.S. Securities -----Non-U.S. Currency Transactions,” a fund may attempt to hedge its currency risks). In addition, the value of fund assets may be affected by losses and other expenses incurred from converting between various currencies in order to purchase and sell non-U.S. securities, as well as by currency restrictions, exchange control regulations, currency devaluations, and political and economic developments.

Non-U.S. Securities -----Non-U.S. Currency Transactions. The value in U.S. Dollars of a fund’s non-dollar-denominated non-U.S. securities may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in non-U.S. currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations, and the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. To seek to minimize the impact of such factors on net asset values, a fund may engage in non-U.S. currency transactions in connection with its investments in non-U.S. securities. A fund will enter into non-U.S. currency transactions only to attempt to “hedge” the currency risk associated with investing in non-U.S. securities. Although such transactions tend to minimize the risk of loss that would result from a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they also may limit any potential gain that might result should the value of such currency increase.

Currency exchange transactions may be conducted either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market, or through forward contracts to purchase or sell non-U.S. currencies. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are entered into with large commercial banks or other currency traders who are participants in the interbank market. Currency exchange transactions also may be effected through the use of swap agreements or other derivatives.

Currency exchange transactions may be considered borrowings. A currency exchange transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” By entering into a forward contract for the purchase or sale of non-U.S. currency involved in underlying security transactions, a fund may be able to protect itself against part or all of the possible loss between trade and settlement dates for that purchase or sale resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and such non-U.S. currency. This practice is sometimes referred to as “transaction hedging.” In addition, when the advisor reasonably believes that a particular non-U.S. currency may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar, a fund may enter into a forward contract to sell an amount of non-U.S. currency approximating the value of some or all of its portfolio securities denominated in such non-U.S. currency. This practice is sometimes referred to as “portfolio hedging.” Similarly, when the advisor reasonably believes that the U.S. dollar

may suffer a substantial decline against a non-U.S. currency, a fund may enter into a forward contract to buy that non-U.S. currency for a fixed dollar amount.

A fund may also attempt to hedge its non-U.S. currency exchange rate risk by engaging in currency futures, options, and “cross-hedge” transactions. In cross-hedge transactions, a fund holding securities denominated in one non-U.S. currency will enter into a forward currency contract to buy or sell a different non-U.S. currency (one that the advisor reasonably believes generally tracks the currency being hedged with regard to price movements). The advisor may select the tracking (or substitute) currency rather than the currency in which the security is denominated for various reasons, including in order to take advantage of pricing or other opportunities presented by the tracking currency or to take advantage of a more liquid or more efficient market for the tracking currency. Such cross-hedges are expected to help protect a fund against an increase or decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar against certain non-U.S. currencies.

A fund may hold a portion of its assets in bank deposits denominated in non-U.S. currencies, so as to facilitate investment in non-U.S. securities as well as protect against currency fluctuations and the need to convert such assets into U.S. Dollars (thereby also reducing transaction costs). To the extent these assets are converted back into U.S. Dollars, the value of the assets so maintained will be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in non-U.S. currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations.

The forecasting of currency market movement is extremely difficult, and whether any hedging strategy will be successful is highly uncertain. Moreover, it is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration of a forward currency contract. Accordingly, a fund may be required to buy or sell additional currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such transaction) if its advisor’s predictions regarding the movement of non-U.S. currency or securities markets prove inaccurate. In addition, the use of cross-hedging transactions may involve special risks and may leave a fund in a less advantageous position than if such a hedge had not been established. Because forward currency contracts are privately negotiated transactions, there can be no assurance that a fund will have flexibility to roll-over a forward currency contract upon its expiration if it desires to do so. Additionally, there can be no assurance that the other party to the contract will perform its services thereunder.

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. Futures contracts and options on futures contracts are derivatives. A futures contract is a standardized agreement between two parties to buy or sell at a specific time in the future a specific quantity of a commodity at a specific price. The commodity may consist of an asset, a reference rate, or an index. A security futures contract relates to the sale of a specific quantity of shares of a single equity security or a narrow-based securities index. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying commodity. The buyer of a futures contract enters into an agreement to purchase the underlying commodity on the settlement date and is said to be “long” the contract. The seller of a futures contract enters into an agreement to sell the underlying commodity on the settlement date and is said to be “short” the contract. The price at which a futures contract is entered into is established either in the electronic marketplace or by open outcry on the floor of an exchange between exchange members acting as traders or brokers. Open futures contracts can be liquidated or closed out by physical

delivery of the underlying commodity or payment of the cash settlement amount on the settlement date, depending on the terms of the particular contract. Some financial futures contracts (such as security futures) provide for physical settlement at maturity. Other financial futures contracts (such as those relating to interest rates, non-U.S. currencies, and broad-based securities indexes) generally provide for cash settlement at maturity. In the case of cash-settled futures contracts, the cash settlement amount is equal to the difference between the final settlement or market price for the relevant commodity on the last trading day of the contract and the price for the relevant commodity agreed upon at the outset of the contract. Most futures contracts, however, are not held until maturity but instead are “offset” before the settlement date through the establishment of an opposite and equal futures position.

The purchaser or seller of a futures contract is not required to deliver or pay for the underlying commodity unless the contract is held until the settlement date. However, both the purchaser and seller are required to deposit “initial margin” with an FCM when the futures contract is entered into. Initial margin deposits are typically calculated as an amount equal to the volatility in market value of a contract over a fixed period. If the value of the fund’s position declines, the fund will be required to make additional “variation margin” payments to the FCM to settle the change in value. If the value of the fund’s position increases, the FCM will be required to make additional “variation margin” payments to the fund to settle the change in value. This process is known as “marking-to-market” and is calculated on a daily basis. A futures transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” An option on a futures contract (or futures option) conveys the right, but not the obligation, to purchase (in the case of a call option) or sell (in the case of a put option) a specific futures contract at a specific price (called the “exercise” or “strike” price) any time before the option expires. The seller of an option is called an option writer. The purchase price of an option is called the premium. The potential loss to an option buyer is limited to the amount of the premium plus transaction costs. This will be the case, for example, if the option is held and not exercised prior to its expiration date. Generally, an option writer sells options with the goal of obtaining the premium paid by the option buyer. If an option sold by an option writer expires without being exercised, the writer retains the full amount of the premium. The option writer, however, has unlimited economic risk because its potential loss, except to the extent offset by the premium received when the option was written, is equal to the amount the option is “in-the-money” at the expiration date. A call option is in-the-money if the value of the underlying futures contract exceeds the exercise price of the option. A put option is in-the-money if the exercise price of the option exceeds the value of the underlying futures contract. Generally, any profit realized by an option buyer represents a loss for the option writer.

A fund that takes the position of a writer of a futures option is required to deposit and maintain initial and variation margin with respect to the option, as previously described in the case of futures contracts. A futures option transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject

to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” The Fund intends to comply with Rule 4.5 under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA), under which a mutual fund may be excluded from the definition of the term Commodity Pool Operator (CPO) if the fund meets certain conditions such as limiting its investments in certain CEA-regulated instruments (e.g., futures, options, or swaps) and complying with certain marketing restrictions. Accordingly, Vanguard is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO with respect to the Fund under the CEA. The Fund will only enter into futures contracts and futures options that are traded on a U.S. or non-U.S. exchange, board of trade, or similar entity, or that are quoted on an automated quotation system.

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts - Risks. The risk of loss in trading futures contracts and in writing futures options can be substantial because of the low margin deposits required, the extremely high degree of leverage involved in futures and options pricing, and the potential high volatility of the futures markets. As a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures position may result in immediate and substantial loss (or gain) for the investor. For example, if at the time of purchase, 10% of the value of the futures contract is deposited as margin, a subsequent 10% decrease in the value of the futures contract would result in a total loss of the margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction costs, if the account were then closed out. A 15% decrease would result in a loss equal to 150% of the original margin deposit if the contract were closed out. Thus, a purchase or sale of a futures contract, and the writing of a futures option, may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the position. In the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements (and segregation requirements, if applicable) at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, on the settlement date, the Fund may be required to make delivery of the instruments underlying the futures positions it holds.

The Fund could suffer losses if it is unable to close out a futures contract or a futures option because of an illiquid secondary market. Futures contracts and futures options may be closed out only on an exchange that provides a secondary market for such products. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures product at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close a futures or option position. Moreover, most futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of future positions and subjecting some

futures traders to substantial losses. The inability to close futures and options positions also could have an adverse impact on the ability to hedge a portfolio investment or to establish a substitute for a portfolio investment. U.S. Treasury futures are generally not subject to such daily limits.

The Fund bears the risk that its advisor will incorrectly predict future market trends. If the advisor attempts to use a futures contract or a futures option as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a portfolio investment, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the futures position will have or will develop imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment. This could cause substantial losses for the Fund. Although hedging strategies involving futures products can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other Fund investments.

The Fund could lose margin payments it has deposited with its FCM, if, for example, the FCM breaches its agreement with the Fund or becomes insolvent or goes into bankruptcy. In that event, the Fund may be entitled to return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM's other customers, potentially resulting in losses to the Fund.

Interfund Borrowing and Lending. The SEC has granted an exemption permitting the registered open-end Vanguard funds to participate in Vanguard's interfund lending program. This program allows the Vanguard funds to borrow money from and lend money to each other for temporary or emergency purposes. The program is subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things, the requirements that (1) no fund may borrow or lend money through the program unless it receives a more favorable interest rate than is typically available from a bank for a comparable transaction; (2) no fund may lend money if the loan would cause its aggregate outstanding loans through the program to exceed 15% of its net assets at the time of the loan; and (3) a fund’s interfund loans to any one fund shall not exceed 5% of the lending fund’s net assets. In addition, a Vanguard fund may participate in the program only if and to the extent that such participation is consistent with the fund’s investment objective and investment policies. The boards of trustees of the Vanguard funds are responsible for overseeing the interfund lending program. Any delay in repayment to a lending fund could result in a lost investment opportunity or additional borrowing costs.

Investing for Control. Each Vanguard fund invests in securities and other instruments for the sole purpose of achieving a specific investment objective. As such, a Vanguard fund does not seek to acquire, individually or collectively with any other Vanguard fund, enough of a company’s outstanding voting stock to have control over management decisions. A Vanguard fund does not invest for the purpose of controlling a company’s management.

Options. An option is a derivative. An option on a security (or index) is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for the payment of a “premium,” the right, but not the obligation, to buy from (in the case of a call option) or sell to (in the case of a put option) the writer of the option the security underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price prior to the expiration date of the option. The writer of

an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price (in the case of a call option) or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the underlying security (in the case of a put option). The writer of an option on an index has the obligation upon exercise of the option to pay an amount equal to the cash value of the index minus the exercise price, multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. The multiplier for an index option determines the size of the investment position the option represents. Unlike exchange-traded options, which are standardized with respect to the underlying instrument, expiration date, contract size, and strike price, the terms of over-the-counter (OTC) options (options not traded on exchanges) generally are established through negotiation with the other party to the option contract. Although this type of arrangement allows the purchaser or writer greater flexibility to tailor an option to its needs, OTC options generally involve credit risk to the counterparty whereas for exchange-traded centrally cleared options, credit risk is mutualized through the involvement of the applicable clearing house.

The buyer (or holder) of an option is said to be “long” the option, while the seller (or writer) of an option is said to be “short” the option. A call option grants to the holder the right to buy (and obligates the writer to sell) the underlying security at the strike price, which is the predetermined price at which the option may be exercised. A put option grants to the holder the right to sell (and obligates the writer to buy) the underlying security at the strike price. The purchase price of an option is called the “premium.” The potential loss to an option buyer is limited to the amount of the premium plus transaction costs. This will be the case if the option is held and not exercised prior to its expiration date. Generally, an option writer sells options with the goal of obtaining the premium paid by the option buyer, but that person could also seek to profit from an anticipated rise or decline in option prices. If an option sold by an option writer expires without being exercised, the writer retains the full amount of the premium. The option writer, however, has unlimited economic risk because its potential loss, except to the extent offset by the premium received when the option was written, is equal to the amount the option is “in-the-money” at the expiration date. A call option is in-the-money if the value of the underlying position exceeds the exercise price of the option. A put option is in-the-money if the exercise price of the option exceeds the value of the underlying position. Generally, any profit realized by an option buyer represents a loss for the option writer. The writing of an option will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security” ” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” If a trading market in particular options were to become unavailable, investors in those options (such as the funds) would be unable to close out their positions until trading resumes, and they may be faced with substantial losses if the value of the underlying instrument moves adversely during that time. Even if the market were to remain available, there may be times when options prices will not maintain their customary or anticipated relationships to the prices of the underlying instruments and related instruments. Lack of investor interest, changes in volatility, or other factors or conditions might adversely affect the liquidity, efficiency, continuity, or even the orderliness of the market for particular options.

A fund bears the risk that its advisor will not accurately predict future market trends. If the advisor attempts to use an option as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a portfolio investment, the fund will be exposed to the risk that the option will have or will develop imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment, which could cause substantial losses for the fund. Although hedging strategies involving options can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other fund investments. Many options, in particular OTC options, are complex and often valued based on subjective factors. Improper valuations can result in increased cash payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to a fund.

OTC Swap Agreements. An over-the-counter (OTC) swap agreement, which is a type of derivative, is an agreement between two parties (counterparties) to exchange payments at specified dates (periodic payment dates) on the basis of a specified amount (notional amount) with the payments calculated with reference to a specified asset, reference rate, or index.

Examples of OTC swap agreements include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, credit default swaps, equity swaps, commodity swaps, non-U.S. currency swaps, index swaps, excess return swaps, and total return swaps. Most OTC swap agreements provide that when the periodic payment dates for both parties are the same, payments are netted, and only the net amount is paid to the counterparty entitled to receive the net payment. Consequently, a fund’s current obligations (or rights) under an OTC swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement, based on the relative values of the positions held by each counterparty. OTC swap agreements allow for a wide variety of transactions. For example, fixed rate payments may be exchanged for floating rate payments; U.S. dollar-denominated payments may be exchanged for payments denominated in a different currency; and payments tied to the price of one asset, reference rate, or index may be exchanged for payments tied to the price of another asset, reference rate, or index.

An OTC option on an OTC swap agreement, also called a “swaption,” is an option that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a swap on a future date in exchange for paying a market-based “premium.” A receiver swaption gives the owner the right to receive the total return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index. A payer swaption gives the owner the right to pay the total return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index. Swaptions also include options that allow an existing swap to be terminated or extended by one of the counterparties.

The use of OTC swap agreements by a fund entails certain risks, which may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the securities and other investments that are the referenced asset for the swap agreement. OTC swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques, risk analyses, and tax planning different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. The use of an OTC swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset, reference rate, or index but also of the swap itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the swap under all possible market conditions.

OTC swap agreements may be subject to liquidity risk, which exists when a particular swap is difficult to purchase or sell. If an OTC swap transaction is particularly

large or if the relevant market is illiquid (as is the case with many OTC swaps), it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses. In addition, OTC swap transactions may be subject to a fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

OTC swap agreements may be subject to pricing risk, which exists when a particular swap becomes extraordinarily expensive or inexpensive relative to historical prices or the prices of corresponding cash market instruments. Under certain market conditions, it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position in time to avoid a loss or take advantage of an opportunity or to realize the intrinsic value of the OTC swap agreement.

Because certain OTC swap agreements have a leverage component, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate, or index can result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain OTC swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. A leveraged OTC swap transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” Like most other investments, OTC swap agreements are subject to the risk that the market value of the instrument will change in a way detrimental to a fund’s interest. A fund bears the risk that its advisor will not accurately forecast future market trends or the values of assets, reference rates, indexes, or other economic factors in establishing OTC swap positions for the fund. If the advisor attempts to use an OTC swap as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a portfolio investment, the fund will be exposed to the risk that the OTC swap will have or will develop imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment. This could cause substantial losses for the fund. Although hedging strategies involving swap instruments can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other fund investments. Many OTC swaps are complex and often valued subjectively. Improper valuations can result in increased cash payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to a fund.

The use of an OTC swap agreement also involves the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of the counterparty or the failure of the counterparty to make required payments or otherwise comply with the terms of the agreement. Additionally, the use of credit default swaps can result in losses if a fund’s advisor does not correctly evaluate the creditworthiness of the issuer on which the credit swap is based.

The market for OTC swaps and swaptions is a relatively new market. It is possible that developments in the market could adversely affect a fund, including its ability to terminate existing OTC swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements. As previously noted, under the heading “Derivatives,” under the Dodd-Frank Act, certain swaps that may be used by a fund may be cleared through a clearinghouse and traded on an exchange or swap execution facility.

Non-U.S. Securities — Non-U.S. Investment Companies. Some of the countries in which a fund may invest may not permit, or may place economic restrictions on, direct

investment by outside investors. Fund investments in such countries may be permitted only through non-U.S. government-approved or authorized investment vehicles, which may include other investment companies. Such investments may be made through registered or unregistered closed-end investment companies that invest in non-U.S. securities. Investing through such vehicles may involve layered fees or expenses and may also be subject to the limitations on, and the risks of, a fund’s investments in other investment companies, which are described under the heading “Other Investment Companies.”

Other Investment Companies. A fund may invest in other investment companies to the extent permitted by applicable law or SEC exemption. Under Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, a fund generally may invest up to 10% of its assets in shares of investment companies and up to 5% of its assets in any one investment company, as long as no investment represents more than 3% of the voting stock of an acquired investment company. In addition, no funds for which Vanguard acts as an advisor may, in the aggregate, own more than 10% of the voting stock of a closed-end investment company. The 1940 Act and related rules provide certain exemptions from these restrictions, for example, funds that invest in other funds within the same group of investment companies. If a fund invests in other investment companies, shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the fund’s expenses (including operating expenses and the fees of the advisor), but they also may indirectly bear similar expenses of the underlying investment companies. Certain investment companies, such as business development companies (BDCs), are more akin to operating companies and, as such, their expenses are not direct expenses paid by fund shareholders and are not used to calculate the fund’s net asset value. SEC rules nevertheless require that any expenses incurred by a BDC be included in a fund’s expense ratio as “Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses.” The expense ratio of a fund that holds a BDC will thus overstate what the fund actually spends on portfolio management, administrative services, and other shareholder services by an amount equal to these Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses. The Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are not included in a fund’s financial statements, which provide a clearer picture of a fund’s actual operating expenses. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only with the investments of the fund, but also with the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies. Certain types of investment companies, such as closed-end investment companies, issue a fixed number of shares that typically trade on a stock exchange or over-the-counter at a premium or discount to their net asset value. Others are continuously offered at net asset value but also may be traded on the secondary market.

Preferred Stock. Preferred stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer. Preferred stock normally pays dividends at a specified rate and has precedence over common stock in the event the issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy. However, in the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds take precedence over the claims of those who own preferred and common stock. Preferred stock, unlike common stock, often has a stated dividend rate payable from the corporation’s earnings. Preferred stock dividends may be cumulative or noncumulative, participating, or auction rate. “Cumulative” dividend provisions require all or a portion of prior unpaid dividends to be paid before dividends can be paid to the issuer’s common

stock. “Participating” preferred stock may be entitled to a dividend exceeding the stated dividend in certain cases. If interest rates rise, the fixed dividend on preferred stocks may be less attractive, causing the price of such stocks to decline. Preferred stock may have mandatory sinking fund provisions, as well as provisions allowing the stock to be called or redeemed, which can limit the benefit of a decline in interest rates. Preferred stock is subject to many of the risks to which common stock and debt securities are subject. In addition, preferred stock may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than common stock or debt securities because preferred stock may trade with less frequency and in more limited volume.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). An equity REIT owns real estate properties directly and generates income from rental and lease payments. Equity REITs also have the potential to generate capital gains as properties are sold at a profit. A mortgage REIT makes construction, development, and long-term mortgage loans to commercial real estate developers and earns interest income on these loans. A hybrid REIT holds both properties and mortgages. To avoid taxation at the corporate level, REITs must distribute most of their earnings to shareholders.

Investments in REITs are subject to many of the same risks as direct investments in real estate. In general, real estate values can be affected by a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, supply and demand for properties, general or local economic conditions, and the strength of specific industries that rent properties. Ultimately, a REIT’s performance depends on the types and locations of the properties it owns and on how well the REIT manages its properties. For example, rental income could decline because of extended vacancies, increased competition from nearby properties, tenants’ failure to pay rent, regulatory limitations on rents, fluctuations in rental income, variations in market rental rates, or incompetent management. Property values could decrease because of overbuilding in the area, environmental liabilities, uninsured damages caused by natural disasters, a general decline in the neighborhood, losses because of casualty or condemnation, increases in property taxes, or changes in zoning laws. The value of a REIT may also be affected by changes in interest rates. Rising interest rates generally increase the cost of financing for real estate projects, which could cause the value of an equity REIT to decline. During periods of declining interest rates, mortgagors may elect to prepay mortgages held by mortgage REITs, which could lower or diminish the yield on the REIT. REITs are also subject to heavy cash-flow dependency, default by borrowers, and changes in tax and regulatory requirements. In addition, a REIT may fail to qualify for tax-exempt status under the IRC and/or fail to maintain exemption from the 1940 Act.

Repurchase Agreements. A repurchase agreement is an agreement under which a fund acquires a debt security (generally a security issued by the U.S. government or an agency thereof, a banker's acceptance, or a certificate of deposit) from a bank, a broker, or a dealer and simultaneously agrees to resell such security to the seller at an agreed-upon price and date (normally, the next business day). Because the security purchased constitutes collateral for the repurchase obligation, a repurchase agreement may be considered a loan that is collateralized by the security purchased. The resale price reflects an agreed-upon interest rate effective for the period the instrument is held by a fund and is unrelated to the interest rate on the underlying instrument. In these transactions, the securities acquired by a fund (including accrued interest earned thereon)

must have a total value in excess of the value of the repurchase agreement and be held by a custodian bank until repurchased. In addition, the investment advisor will monitor a fund’s repurchase agreement transactions generally and will evaluate the creditworthiness of any bank, broker, or dealer party to a repurchase agreement relating to a fund. The aggregate amount of any such agreements is not limited, except to the extent required by law.

The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. One risk is the seller’s ability to pay the agreed-upon repurchase price on the repurchase date. If the seller defaults, the fund may incur costs in disposing of the collateral, which would reduce the amount realized thereon. If the seller seeks relief under bankruptcy laws, the disposition of the collateral may be delayed or limited. For example, if the other party to the agreement becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under bankruptcy or other laws, a court may determine that the underlying security is collateral for a loan by the fund not within its control, and therefore the realization by the fund on such collateral may be automatically stayed. Finally, it is possible that the fund may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying security and may be deemed an unsecured creditor of the other party to the agreement.

Restricted and Illiquid Securities. Illiquid securities are securities that cannot be sold or disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the price at which they are valued. The SEC generally limits aggregate holdings of illiquid securities by a mutual fund to 15% of its net assets (5% for money market funds). A fund may experience difficulty valuing and selling illiquid securities and, in some cases, may be unable to value or sell certain illiquid securities for an indefinite period of time. Illiquid securities may include a wide variety of investments, such as (1) repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days (unless the agreements have demand/redemption features), (2) OTC options contracts and certain other derivatives (including certain swap agreements), (3) fixed time deposits that are not subject to prepayment or do not provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits), (4) certain loan interests and other direct debt instruments, (5) certain municipal lease obligations, (6) private equity investments, (7) commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act, and (8) securities whose disposition is restricted under the federal securities laws. Illiquid securities include restricted, privately placed securities that, under the federal securities laws, generally may be resold only to qualified institutional buyers. If a substantial market develops for a restricted security held by a fund, it may be treated as a liquid security, in accordance with procedures and guidelines approved by the board of trustees. This generally includes securities that are unregistered, that can be sold to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, or that are exempt from registration under the 1933 Act, such as commercial paper. Although a fund’s advisor monitors the liquidity of restricted securities, the board of trustees oversees and retains ultimate responsibility for the advisor’s liquidity determinations. Several factors that the trustees consider in monitoring these decisions include the valuation of a security; the availability of qualified institutional buyers, brokers, and dealers that trade in the security; and the availability of information about the security’s issuer.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. In a reverse repurchase agreement, a fund sells a security to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash and agrees to repurchase that security at an agreed-upon price and time. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the fund continues to receive any principal and interest payments on the underlying security during the term of the agreement. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of securities retained by the fund may decline below the repurchase price of the securities sold by the fund that it is obligated to repurchase. In addition to the risk of such a loss, fees charged to the fund may exceed the return the fund earns from investing the proceeds received from the reverse repurchase agreement transaction. A reverse repurchase agreement may be considered a borrowing transaction for purposes of the 1940 Act. A reverse repurchase agreement transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.” A fund will enter into reverse repurchase agreements only with parties whose creditworthiness has been reviewed and found satisfactory by the advisor. If the buyer in a reverse repurchase agreement becomes insolvent or files for bankruptcy, a fund’s use of proceeds from the sale may be restricted while the other party or its trustee or receiver determines if it will honor the fund’s right to repurchase the securities. If the fund is unable to recover the securities it sold in a reverse repurchase agreement, it would realize a loss equal to the difference between the value of the securities and the payment it received for them.

Securities Lending. A fund may lend its investment securities to qualified institutional investors (typically brokers, dealers, banks, or other financial institutions) who may need to borrow securities in order to complete certain transactions, such as covering short sales, avoiding failures to deliver securities, or completing arbitrage operations. By lending its investment securities, the fund attempts to increase its net investment income through the receipt of interest on the securities lent. Any gain or loss in the market price of the securities lent that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the account of the fund. If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return the securities lent because of insolvency or other reasons, a fund could experience delays and costs in recovering the securities lent or in gaining access to the collateral. These delays and costs could be greater for non-U.S. securities. If a fund is not able to recover the securities lent, the fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement investment in the market. The value of the collateral could decrease below the value of the replacement investment by the time the replacement investment is purchased. Cash received as collateral through loan transactions may be invested in other eligible securities. Investing this cash subjects that investment to market appreciation or depreciation. Currently, Vanguard funds that lend securities invest the cash collateral received in one or more Vanguard CMT Funds, which are very low-cost money market funds.

The terms and the structure of the loan arrangements, as well as the aggregate amount of securities loans, must be consistent with the 1940 Act and the rules or interpretations of the SEC thereunder. These provisions limit the amount of securities a fund may lend to 33 1/3% of the fund’s total assets and require that (1) the borrower

pledge and maintain with the fund collateral consisting of cash, an irrevocable letter of credit, or securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government having at all times not less than 100% of the value of the securities lent; (2) the borrower add to such collateral whenever the price of the securities lent rises (i.e., the borrower “marks to market" on a daily basis); (3) the loan be made subject to termination by the fund at any time; and (4) the fund receives reasonable interest on the loan (which may include the fund investing any cash collateral in interest-bearing short-term investments), any distribution on the lent securities, and any increase in their market value. Loan arrangements made by a fund will comply with all other applicable regulatory requirements, including the rules of the New York Stock Exchange, which presently require the borrower, after notice, to redeliver the securities within the normal settlement time of three business days. The advisor will consider the creditworthiness of the borrower, among other things, in making decisions with respect to the lending of securities, subject to oversight by the board of trustees. At the present time, the SEC does not object if an investment company pays reasonable negotiated fees in connection with lent securities, so long as such fees are set forth in a written contract and approved by the investment company's trustees. In addition, voting rights pass with the lent securities, but if a fund has knowledge that a material event will occur affecting securities on loan, and in respect to which the holder of the securities will be entitled to vote or consent, the lender must be entitled to call the loaned securities in time to vote or consent. A fund bears the risk that there may be a delay in the return of the securities, which may impair the fund’s ability to vote on such a matter.

Pursuant to Vanguard’s securities lending policy, Vanguard’s fixed income and money market funds are not permitted to, and do not, lend their investment securities.

Tax Matters— U.S. Federal Tax Treatment of Derivatives, Hedging, and Related Transactions. A fund’s transactions in derivative instruments (including, but not limited to, options, futures, forward contracts, and swap agreements), as well as any of the fund’s hedging, short sale, securities loan, or similar transactions, may be subject to one or more special tax rules that accelerate income to the fund, defer losses to the fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains, or convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders.

Because these and other tax rules applicable to these types of transactions are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether a fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid a fund-level tax.

Time Deposits. Time deposits are subject to the same risks that pertain to U.S. issuers of money market instruments, most notably credit risk (and, to a lesser extent, income risk, market risk, and liquidity risk). Additionally, time deposits of non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks and non-U.S. branches of non-U.S. banks may be subject to certain sovereign risks. One such risk is the possibility that a sovereign country might prevent capital, in the form of U.S. dollars, from flowing across its borders. Other risks include

adverse political and economic developments, the extent and quality of government regulation of financial markets and institutions, the imposition of non-U.S. withholding taxes, and expropriation or nationalization of non-U.S. issuers. However, time deposits of such issuers will undergo the same type of credit analysis as U.S. issuers in which a Vanguard fund invests and will have at least the same financial strength as the U.S. issuers approved for the fund.

Warrants. Warrants are instruments that give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy an equity security at a specific price for a specific period of time. Changes in the value of a warrant do not necessarily correspond to changes in the value of its underlying security. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security, and a warrant may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants do not entitle a holder to dividends or voting rights with respect to the underlying security and do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuing company. A warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.

When-Issued, Delayed-Delivery, and Forward-Commitment Transactions. When-issued, delayed-delivery, and forward-commitment transactions involve a commitment to purchase or sell specific securities at a predetermined price or yield in which payment and delivery take place after the customary settlement period for that type of security. Typically, no interest accrues to the purchaser until the security is delivered. When purchasing securities pursuant to one of these transactions, payment for the securities is not required until the delivery date. However, the purchaser assumes the rights and risks of ownership, including the risks of price and yield fluctuations and the risk that the security will not be issued as anticipated. When a fund has sold a security pursuant to one of these transactions, the fund does not participate in further gains or losses with respect to the security. If the other party to a delayed-delivery transaction fails to deliver or pay for the securities, the fund could miss a favorable price or yield opportunity or suffer a loss. A fund may renegotiate a when-issued or forward-commitment transaction and may sell the underlying securities before delivery, which may result in capital gains or losses for the fund. When-issued, delayed-delivery, and forward-commitment transactions will not be considered to constitute the issuance, by a fund, of a “senior security,” as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by the fund, if the fund covers the transaction in accordance with the requirements described under the heading “Borrowing.”

(3) Structure of the Management

(i) Structure of the Investment Management

Vanguard serves as investment advisor to the Fund through its Equity Index Group (“EIG”). As of April 30, 2017, Vanguard served as advisor for approximately $3.4 trillion in assets. Vanguard provides investment advisory services to the Fund on an at-cost basis, subject to the supervision and oversight of the trustees and officers of the Fund.

The manager primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is listed in section (3)(iii).

(ii)	Decision-Making Process of the Investment Management Policy

The Fund has an investment objective as well as principal investment strategies and policies that it uses in pursuit of its objective. The Fund’s board of trustees, which oversees the Fund’s management, may change investment strategies or policies in the interest of shareholders without a shareholder vote, unless those strategies or policies are designated as fundamental. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its assets in the stocks that make up its target index. The Fund may change its 80% policy only upon 60 days’ notice to shareholders.

The Fund attempts to track the investment performance of a benchmark index that measures the return of a particular market segment. The Fund uses a sampling method of indexing, meaning that the Fund’s advisor, using computer programs, generally selects from the target index a representative sample of securities that will resemble the target index in terms of key characteristics. These include industry weightings, market capitalization, and other financial characteristics of stocks.

The Fund is subject to index sampling risk, which is the chance that the securities selected for the Fund, in the aggregate, will not provide investment performance matching that of the Fund’s target index. Index sampling risk for the Fund should be low.

(iii) Duties and Powers

As stated above, Vanguard, through EIG, serves as investment advisor to the Fund. The managers primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are:

Walter Nejman, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has co-managed the Fund since 2016 Gerard C. O’Reilly, Principal of Vanguard., He has managed the Fund since 1994 (co-managed since 2016).

As stated above, the Fund’s officers and board of trustees oversee the Fund’s management.

(4) Distribution Policy:

The Fund distributes to shareholders virtually all of its net income (interest and dividends, less expenses) as well as any net short-term or long-term capital gains realized from the sale of its holdings. Income dividends generally are distributed quarterly in March, June, September, and December; capital gains distributions, if any, generally occur annually in December. In addition, the Fund may occasionally make a supplemental distribution at some other time during the year.

Investors in Japan will receive distributions of income or capital gains in cash. The above sentence does not guarantee the future payment of dividends nor their amounts.

(5) Investment Limitations:

The Fund is subject to the following fundamental investment policies, which cannot be changed in any material way without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s shares. For these purposes, a “majority” of shares means shares representing the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the Fund’s net assets voted, so long as shares representing more than 50% of the Fund’s net assets are present or represented by proxy or (2) more than 50% of the Fund’s net assets.

(1) Borrowing. The Fund may borrow money only as permitted by the 1940 Act or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund.

(2) Commodities. The Fund may invest in commodities only as permitted by the 1940 Act or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund.

(3) Diversification. With respect to 75% of its total assets, the Fund may not (1) purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or (2) purchase securities of any issuer if, as a result, more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in that issuer’s securities. This limitation does not apply to obligations of the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities.


(4)	Industry Concentration.	The Fund will not concentrate its investments in the

securities of issuers whose principal business activities are in the same industry, except as may be necessary to approximate the composition of its target index.


(5)	Investment Objective.	The investment objective of the Fund may not be

materially changed without a shareholder vote.

(6) Loans. The Fund may make loans to another person only as permitted by the 1940 Act or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund.


(7)	Real Estate.	The Fund may not invest directly in real estate unless it is acquired

as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments. This restriction shall not prevent the Fund from investing in securities or other instruments (1) issued by companies that invest, deal, or otherwise engage in transactions in real estate or (2) backed or secured by real estate or interests in real estate.


(8)	Senior Securities.	The Fund may not issue senior securities except as permitted

by the 1940 Act or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund.

(9) Underwriting. The Fund may not act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within

the meaning of the 1933 Act, in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

Compliance with the fundamental policies previously described is generally measured at the time the securities are purchased. Unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act (as is the case with borrowing), if a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time the investment is made, a later change in percentage resulting from a change in the market value of assets will not constitute a violation of such restriction. All fundamental policies must comply with applicable regulatory requirements. For more details, see “Objects of Investment.”

None of these policies prevents the Fund from having an ownership interest in Vanguard. As a part owner of Vanguard, the Fund may own securities issued by Vanguard, make loans to Vanguard, and contribute to Vanguard’s costs or other financial requirements.

Sale of Investor Shares of the Fund in Japan. In connection with the offering of its Investor Shares in Japan, the Fund has undertaken to the Japanese Securities Dealers Association that it may not:

(1) Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes in an amount not exceeding 10% of the Fund’s net assets;

(2) Together with other mutual funds managed by Vanguard, acquire more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of any issuer;

(3) Invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities (which include securities restricted as to resale unless they are determined to be readily marketable in accordance with procedures established by the board of trustees); and

(4)	Sell securities short at any time in excess of its net asset value.

If the undertaking is violated, the Fund will, promptly after discovery, take such action as may be necessary to cause the violation to cease, which shall be the only obligation of the Fund and the only remedy in respect to the violation. This undertaking will remain in effect as long as (1) shares of the Fund are qualified for offer or sale in Japan and (2) the undertaking is required by the “Standards of Selection of Foreign Investment Fund Securities” established under the Rules of Foreign Securities Transactions by the Japanese Securities Dealers Association.

3.	INVESTMENT RISKS
(1)	Principal Risks

An investment in the Fund could lose money over short or even long periods.

Investors should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide

range. The Fund is subject to the following risks, which could affect the Fund’s performance:

- Stock market risk, which is the chance that stock prices overall will decline.

Stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising prices and periods of falling prices. In addition, the Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, which would subject the Fund to proportionately higher exposure to the risks of that sector.

- Index sampling risk, which is the chance that the securities selected for the Fund, in the aggregate, will not provide investment performance matching that of the Fund’s target index. Index sampling risk for the Fund should be low.

Refer to Part II, 2. (2). Objects of Investment for further information on risks.

Cybersecurity Risks. The increased use of technology to conduct business could subject a fund and its third-party service providers (including, but not limited to, investment advisors and custodians) to risks associated with cybersecurity. In general, a cybersecurity incident can occur as a result of a deliberate attack designed to gain unauthorized access to digital systems. If the attack is successful, an unauthorized person or persons could misappropriate assets or sensitive information, corrupt data, or cause operational disruption. A cybersecurity incident could also occur unintentionally if, for example, an authorized person inadvertently released proprietary or confidential information. Vanguard has developed robust technological safeguards and business continuity plans to prevent, or reduce the impact of, potential cybersecurity incidents. Additionally, Vanguard has a process for assessing the information security and/or cybersecurity programs implemented by a fund’s third-party service providers, which helps minimize the risk of potential incidents. Despite these measures, a cybersecurity incident still has the potential to disrupt business operations, which could negatively impact a fund and/or its shareholders. Some examples of negative impacts that could occur as a result of a cybersecurity incident include, but are not limited to, the following: a fund may be unable to calculate its net asset value (NAV), a fund’s shareholders may be unable to transact business, a fund may be unable to process transactions on behalf of its shareholders, or a fund may be unable to safeguard its data or the personal information of its shareholders.


U.S. Federal Tax Treatment of Futures Contracts.	For U.S. federal income tax

purposes, a fund generally must recognize, as of the end of each taxable year, any net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts, as well as any gains and losses actually realized during the year. In these cases, any gain or loss recognized with respect to a futures contract is considered to be 60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, without regard to the holding period of the contract. Gains and losses on certain other futures contracts (primarily non-U.S. futures contracts) are not recognized until the contracts are closed and are treated as long-term or short-term, depending on the holding period of the contract. Sales of futures contracts that are intended to hedge against a change in the value of securities held by a fund may affect the holding period of such securities and, consequently, the nature of the gain or loss on such securities upon disposition. A fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on

one position, such as futures contracts, to the extent of any unrecognized gains on a related offsetting position held by the fund.

A fund will distribute to shareholders annually any net capital gains that have been recognized for U.S. federal income tax purposes on futures transactions. Such distributions will be combined with distributions of capital gains realized on the fund’s other investments, and shareholders will be advised on the nature of the distributions.

U.S. Federal Tax Treatment of Non-U.S. Currency Transactions.

Special rules generally govern the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a fund’s transactions in the following: non-U.S. currencies, non-U.S. currency-denominated debt obligations; and certain non-U.S. currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts, and similar instruments. Accordingly, if a fund engages in these types of transactions, it may have ordinary income or loss to the extent that such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency concerned. Such ordinary income could accelerate fund distributions to shareholders and increase the distributions taxed to shareholders as ordinary income. Any ordinary loss so created will generally reduce ordinary income distributions and, in some cases, could require the recharacterization of prior ordinary income distributions. Net ordinary losses cannot be carried forward by the fund to offset income or gains realized in subsequent taxable years.

Any gain or loss attributable to the non-U.S. currency component of a transaction engaged in by a fund that is not subject to these special currency rules (such as foreign equity investments other than certain preferred stocks) will generally be treated as a capital gain or loss and will not be segregated from the gain or loss on the underlying transaction.

To the extent a fund engages in non-U.S. currency hedging, the fund may elect or be required to apply other rules that could affect the character, timing, or amount of the fund’s gains and losses.

U.S. Federal Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Investors. U.S. withholding and estate taxes and certain U.S. tax reporting requirements may apply to any investment made by non-U.S. investors in Vanguard funds.

(2) Management Structure for the Risks

The Fund’s Investment Manager, Vanguard, regularly reviews the Fund’s investments and operations to determine that the Fund remains in compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements.

The Fund uses derivative transactions, etc. for hedging purposes and/or non-hedging purposes as set forth herein. As for the said derivatives, the Fund implements the risk management methods based on compliance with the EU Directive concerning UCITS applicable to the Fund.

4.	FEES AND TAX
(1)	Sales Charge
	(a)	Sales charge in overseas markets:
		No sales charge will be charged in overseas markets.
	(b)	Sales charge in Japan:
		No sales charge will be charged in Japan.
(2)	Repurchase Charge
	(a)	Repurchase charge in overseas markets:
		No repurchase charge will be charged in overseas markets.
	(b)	Repurchase charge in Japan:
		No repurchase charge will be charged in Japan.
(3)	Management Fee, etc.

Trustee Fees

The individuals listed on the following Trustees’ Compensation table serve as trustees of all Vanguard funds and each fund pays a proportionate share of the trustees’ compensation in consideration of the oversight of the management of the funds. The funds also employ their officers on a shared basis; however, officers are compensated by Vanguard, not the funds.

Independent Trustees. The funds compensate their independent trustees (i.e., the ones who are not also officers of the funds) in three ways:

*	The independent trustees receive an annual fee for their service to the funds, which is subject to reduction based on absences from scheduled board meetings.
*	The independent trustees are reimbursed for the travel and other expenses that they incur in attending board meetings.

Upon retirement (after attaining age 65 and completing five years of service), the independent trustees who began their service prior to January 1, 2001, receive a retirement benefit under a separate account arrangement.

As of January 1, 2001, the opening balance of each eligible trustee’s separate account was generally equal to the net present value of the benefits he or she had accrued under the trustees’ former retirement plan. Each eligible trustee’s separate account will be credited annually with interest at a rate of 7.5% until the trustee receives his or her final distribution. Those independent trustees who began their service on or after January 1, 2001, are not eligible to participate in the plan.

“Interested” Trustee. Mr. McNabb serves as a trustee, but is not paid in this capacity. He is, however, paid in his role as an officer of Vanguard.

Compensation Table. The following table provides compensation details for each of the trustees. We list the amounts paid as compensation and accrued as retirement benefits by the Vanguard Index Funds for each trustee. In addition, the table shows the total amount of benefits that we expect each trustee to receive from all Vanguard funds upon retirement, and the total amount of compensation paid to each trustee by all Vanguard funds.

47

VANGUARD INDEX FUNDS TRUSTEES’ COMPENSATION TABLE


Name of	Aggregate	Pension or	Accrued Annual	Total
Trustee	Compensation	Retirement	Retirement Benefit	Compensation
	From the Funds	Benefits Accrued	at January 1, 2017	From All
	(1)	as Part of the	(2)	Vanguard Funds
		Funds’ Expenses		Paid to Trustees
		(1)		(3)
F. William	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
McNabb III
Emerson U.		N/A	N/A
Fullwood	$77,121			$237,000
Rajiv L. Gupta	$81,459	N/A	N/A	$250,333
Amy Gutmann	$77,121	N/A	N/A	$237,000
JoAnn Heffernan
Heisen	$81,459	$1,382	$7,509	$248,833
F. Joseph	$81,459	N/A	N/A	$250,333
Loughrey
Mark Loughridge	$91,548	N/A	N/A	$281,333
Scott C. Malpass	$77,121	N/A	N/A	$230,300
André F. Perold	$81,459	N/A	N/A	$237,000
Peter F.	$81,459	N/A	N/A	$250,333
Volanakis

(1) The amounts shown in this column are based on the Trust’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Each
Fund within the Trust is responsible for a proportionate share of these amounts.
(2) Each trustee is eligible to receive retirement benefits only after completing at least 5 years (60 consecutive
months) of service as a trustee for the Vanguard funds. The annual retirement benefit will be paid in monthly
installments, beginning with the month following the trustee’s retirement from service, and will cease after 10
years of payments (120 monthly installments). Trustees who began their service on or after January 1, 2001,
are not eligible to participate in the retirement benefit plan.
(3) The amounts reported in this column reflect the total compensation paid to each trustee for his or her service
as trustee of 198 Vanguard funds for the 2016 calendar year.

Management Expenses

The Fund’s total annual operating expenses for Investor Shares as of December 31, 2016, were 0.15% of net assets.

At December 31, 2016, the Fund had contributed 0.01% of its net assets to Vanguard for office space, facilities, and equipment to allow Vanguard to supply the Fund with investment advisory, corporate management, administrative, marketing and distribution services.

The Fund incurred $22,563,000, as the consideration for in investment advisory services, to the Investment Advisor for the period ended on December 31, 2016.

(4) Other Expenses

Account Administration Fee

In Japan, an Account Administration Fee at the rate of 0.648% (0.60% excluding tax) multiplied by the Shareholder's average account balance shall be assessed upon each Shareholder quarterly in arrears. For Shareholder accounts which are redeemed partially or in full prior to the end of each quarter, the Account Administration Fee shall be charged in proportion to the period in which the Shareholder holds the Shares and assessed at the time of redemption. Quarterly assessments shall be net of any fees charged for partial redemptions during the quarter.

The Account Administration Fee shall be calculated and collected from each Shareholder in the following manner.

1.	At the end of each calendar quarter, the Shareholder's average daily account balance will be calculated in respect of the Fund. This initial calculation is in Yen.
2.	A fee of one quarter of the 0.648% (0.60% excluding tax)annual fee will be calculated based on the average account balance so calculated. (Note that in the case of Shareholder accounts which are partially or fully redeemed prior to the end of each calendar quarter, the fee shall be charged in proportion to the period in which such shareholder holds the shares and assessed at the time of each redemption. Quarterly assessments shall be net of any fees charged for partial redemptions during the quarter.)
3.	Please confirm with the Agent Company or the Distributor as to the method of collecting the Account Administration Fee.

(5) Tax Treatment of Shareholders in Japan

As of the date hereof, tax Treatment of Shareholder in Japan will be as follows:

I	Funds classified under Japanese tax law as publicly offered, foreign, public and corporate bond investment trusts

(1) Units may be handled in a specified account of a financial instruments business firm which handles a specified account.

(2) Where received payment via a person in charge of handling payment in Japan, distributions to be made by funds will be treated as ordinary distributions made by publicly offered, domestic public and corporate bond investment trusts.

(3) Where received payment via a person in charge of handling payment in Japan, distributions of funds to be paid to Japanese individual unitholders are subject to withholding of income tax in Japan at 20.315% (15.315% income tax and 5% residential tax) (20% (15% income tax and 5% residential tax) on and after 1 January, 2038).

Japanese individual unitholders, in principle, will file a tax declaration because self-assessed separate taxation treatment is applied, however, no additional tax will be levied in addition to withholding tax where non tax declaration treatment is selected.

Where non tax declaration treatment is not selected, distributions may be set off against transfer losses (including carried over losses) from certain Listed Shares, etc. (meaning the Listed Shares, etc. prescribed in the Act on Special Measures concerning Taxation. The same shall apply hereinafter.)

(4) As for distributions (including profits, in terms of the fund's denominated currency, between the repurchase amount and the amount equal to the capital of the fund) to be made by the fund to Japanese corporate unitholders, where received payment via a person in charge of handling payment in Japan, are subject to withholding tax at 15.315% in Japan (income tax only) (excluding certain public corporations, etc.

(meaning Domestic Corporation listed in Appended Table 1 of Income Tax Act. The same shall apply hereinafter.) and financial institutions, etc.), in certain cases, a report concerning payments will be filed with the chief of the tax office (the taxation rate will be 15% on and after 1 January, 2038).

(5) Where Japanese individual unitholders transfer their units by requesting repurchase or other method (including the case of switching from one class to another class),the transfer profits are subject to tax concerning transfer profits from the listed shares, etc., and the transfer profits or losses of units, which is the amount (in yen) of the transfer price of the units minus the unitholder's acquisition cost (in yen) (hereinafter the same), will be subject to withholding of income tax in Japan at 20.315% (15.315% income tax and 5% residential tax) (20% (15% income tax and 5% residential tax) on and after 1 January, 2038). Transfer profits or losses of units may be treated in self-assessed separate taxation treatment and the same taxation rate as the withholding taxation rate will apply. Where non tax declaration treatment is selected, no additional tax is levied in addition to withholding tax.

Transfer profits or losses may be set off against transfer profits or losses from certain other listed shares, etc. and distribution income, etc. from certain listed shares, etc.

Where tax return is carried out, certain transfer losses may be carried over for three years from the following year.

(6) Where individual unitholders receive repurchase of the fund, as it is deemed to be a transfer concerning the repurchase of the fund, the same tax treatment as (5) will apply.

(7) A report of payments, in certain cases, will be filed with the chief of the tax office with respect to distributions and to transfer and repurchase payments to Japanese individual unitholders.

Note: Unitholders in Japan, whether corporations or individuals, who do not have or have not formerly had their residences, their registered office or permanent entity in the State of Delaware, U.S.A., are not subject to any tax to be imposed by the State of Delaware, U.S.A. tax authority in connection with their investment in Units.

II Funds classified under Japanese tax law as publicly offered, foreign share investment trusts

(1) Units may be handled in a specified account of a financial instruments business firm which handles a specified account.

(3) Where received payment via a person in charge of handling payment in Japan, distributions of funds to be paid to Japanese individual unitholders are subject to withholding tax at 20.315% (15.315% income tax and 5% residential tax) (20% (15% income tax and 5% residential tax) on and after January 1, 2038).

Although Japanese individual unitholders may file a tax declaration by selecting either consolidated tax treatment or self-assessed separate taxation treatment, no additional tax will be levied in addition to withholding tax when non tax declaration treatment is selected.

When self-assessed separate taxation treatment is selected, distributions may be set off against transfer losses from (including carried over losses) certain Listed Shares etc.

(4) Distributions (including profits between the redemption amount and the amount equal to the capital of the fund on a certain reference currency basis) to be made by the fund to Japanese corporate unitholders, where received payment via a person in charge of handling payment in Japan, are subject to withholding tax at 15.315% in Japan (income tax only) (excluding certain public corporations, etc.). In certain cases, a report concerning payments will be filed with the chief of the tax office (15% on and after January 1, 2038). The provisions of Japanese tax laws allowing to make certain deductions from taxable income do not apply.

(5) Distributions of net investment returns such as interest, etc. and distributions of short-term net realized capital gains will be, in principle, subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax currently at the rate of 10% and the amount obtained after such deduction will be paid in Japan. Distributions of long-term net realized capital gain will not be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax and the full amount thereof will be paid in Japan. The amount withheld as U.S. federal income tax may be applied for foreign tax credit in Japan.

The Japanese withholding tax imposed on distributions as referred to in (3) and (4) above will be collected by way of the so-called “balance collection method,” so that only the amount equivalent to 10% of the distribution before U.S. withholding tax less the amount of U.S. withholding tax withheld will be collected in Japan.

(6) When Japanese individual unitholders transfer their units by requesting repurchase or other method (including where the units have been converted to units of other class), the transfer profits are subject to tax concerning transfer profits from the Listed Shares etc., and the transfer profits or losses of units will be subject to, in withholding tax selected account, withholding tax at 20.315% (15.315% income tax and 5% residential tax) (20% (15% income tax and 5% residential tax) on and after January 1, 2038).

Transfer profits or losses of units may be treated in separate taxation in which the same taxation rate as the withholding taxation rate will apply. When non tax declaration treatment is selected, no additional tax is levied in addition to withholding tax.

Transfer profits or losses may be set off against transfer profits or losses from certain other listed shares, etc. and distribution income, etc. from certain listed shares, etc. When self-assessed separate taxation treatment is selected, losses may be carried over for three years from the following year.

(7) When Japanese individual unitholders receive redemption of the fund, the same tax treatment as (6) will apply.

(8) In certain cases, a report of payments will be filed with the chief of the tax office with respect to distributions and to transfer and repurchase payments to Japanese individual unitholders.

Note: Japanese unitholders, whether corporations or individuals, who do not have or have not formerly had their residences, their registered office or permanent entity in the State of Delaware, U.S.A. are not subject to any tax to be imposed by the tax authority of the State of Delaware, U.S.A. in connection with their investment in Units.

III This Fund will be treated as a public, offered, foreign, share fund under the tax law. However, there is a possibility that taxes described above may be treated differently in future as a result of judgments of tax authorities.

IV The treatment of taxes as set out in I through III above may change as a result of changes in tax regimes, etc. Investors should consult their professional tax advisers etc. on details of tax treatment of unitholders.

5. STATUS OF INVESTMENT FUND

(1) Diversification of Investment Portfolio

VANGUARD TOTAL STOCK MARKET INDEX FUND (All Share Classes)


		(As of the end of April 2017)
		Market Value
Type of Assets	Name of Country		Investment Ratio (%)
		Total Dollar
Common Stock	US	557,710,525,253	99.51
	Sub-Total	557,710,525,253	99.51
Cash, Deposits, and Other Assets
(after liabilities)		2,751,442,281	0.49
	Total	560,461,967,534
	(Net Asset Value)	(62,373,812.37 million yen)	100.00

* Total Net Assets for Investor Shares: $ 113,745,609,957.41
Note: Investment ratio is calculated by dividing each asset at its market value by the total Net
Asset Value of the Fund. The same applies hereinafter.

(2) Investment Assets

(A) Names of Major Portfolio Equity Shares


					Cost Basis (USD)		Market Value (USD)
					Price per		Price per		Investment
No.	Name of Company	Country	Business	(# of Shares)	Share	Total	Share	Total	Ratio (%)
1.	Apple Inc.	US	Technology	112,295,171	55.21	6,199,392,664	143.65	16,131,201,314	2.88
2.	Microsoft Corp.	US	Technology	165,455,504	37.57	6,216,612,249	68.46	11,327,083,804	2.02
3.	Amazon.com Inc.	US	Consumer Services	9,141,166	340.95	3,116,645,809	924.99	8,455,487,138	1.51
4.	Facebook Inc. Class A	US	Technology	53,142,488	67.91	3,608,844,149	150.25	7,984,658,822	1.42
5.	Exxon Mobil Corp.	US	Oil & Gas	94,051,472	76.72	7,215,640,842	81.65	7,679,302,689	1.37
6.	Johnson & Johnson	US	Health Care	61,282,884	80.75	4,948,887,082	123.47	7,566,597,687	1.35
7.	JPMorgan Chase & Co.	US	Financials	80,633,433	50.42	4,065,687,537	87.00	7,015,108,671	1.25
8.	Berkshire Hathaway Inc. Class B	US	Financials	42,088,472	118.29	4,978,438,916	165.21	6,953,436,459	1.24
9.	Alphabet Inc. Class A	US	Technology	6,769,387	462.66	3,131,924,320	924.52	6,258,433,669	1.12
10.	Alphabet Inc. Class C	US	Technology	6,593,611	444.99	2,934,093,610	905.96	5,973,547,822	1.07
11.	General Electric Co.	US	Industrials	199,314,995	28.67	5,714,646,644	28.99	5,778,141,705	1.03
12.	Wells Fargo & Co.	US	Financials	101,852,386	37.27	3,795,906,761	53.84	5,483,732,462	0.98
13.	AT&T Inc.	US	Telecommunications	138,327,598	32.56	4,503,331,513	39.63	5,481,922,709	0.98
14.	Bank of America Corp.	US	Financials	225,832,325	20.51	4,631,476,982	23.34	5,270,926,466	0.94
15.	Procter & Gamble Co.	US	Consumer Goods	57,651,754	69.58	4,011,175,783	87.33	5,034,727,677	0.90
16.	Chevron Corp.	US	Oil & Gas	42,662,894	90.84	3,875,611,370	106.70	4,552,130,790	0.81
17.	Pfizer Inc.	US	Health Care	133,996,277	26.75	3,584,860,242	33.92	4,545,153,716	0.81
18.	Home Depot Inc.	US	Consumer Services	27,452,862	61.66	1,692,644,436	156.10	4,285,391,758	0.76
19.	Verizon Communications Inc.	US	Telecommunications	91,794,609	44.07	4,045,073,921	45.91	4,214,290,499	0.75
20.	Comcast Corp. Class A	US	Consumer Services	106,652,474	17.99	1,918,177,028	39.19	4,179,710,456	0.75
21.	Walt Disney Co.	US	Consumer Services	33,859,428	56.63	1,917,301,503	115.60	3,914,149,877	0.70
22.	Philip Morris International Inc.	US	Consumer Goods	34,960,514	66.80	2,335,237,739	110.84	3,875,023,372	0.69
23.	Merck & Co. Inc.	US	Health Care	62,080,669	48.19	2,991,428,198	62.33	3,869,488,099	0.69
24.	Intel Corp.	US	Technology	106,588,806	26.84	2,860,932,546	36.15	3,853,185,337	0.69
25.	Cisco Systems Inc.	US	Technology	112,935,168	24.51	2,768,229,941	34.07	3,847,701,174	0.69
26.	Visa Inc. Class A	US	Financials	41,883,378	37.15	1,556,098,163	91.22	3,820,601,741	0.68
27.	Citigroup Inc.	US	Financials	64,226,035	51.91	3,334,216,935	59.12	3,797,043,189	0.68
28.	UnitedHealth Group Inc.	US	Health Care	21,671,836	71.51	1,549,667,677	174.88	3,789,970,680	0.68
29.	Coca-Cola Co.	US	Consumer Goods	87,440,864	34.40	3,008,128,449	43.15	3,773,073,282	0.67
30.	PepsiCo Inc.	US	Consumer Goods	32,173,912	75.38	2,425,125,553	113.28	3,644,660,751	0.65

(B) Investment Properties

Not applicable.

(C) Other major Investment Assets

Not applicable.

(3) Results of Past Operations

(A) Record of Changes in Net Assets


	Total Net Asset Value		Net Asset Value per Share
	US$	Yen
	(millions)	(millions)	US$	Yen
The 16th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2007	50,183	5,584,866	35.36	3,935
The 17th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2008	39,440	4,389,278	21.80	2,426
The 18th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2009	58,004	6,455,265	27.45	3,055
The 19th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2010	56,063	6,239,251	31.56	3,512
The 20th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2011	62,668	6,974,322	31.29	3,482
The 21th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2012	78,936	8,784,787	35.64	3,966
The 22nd Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2013	105,008	11,686,340	46.67	5,194
The 23rd Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2014	117,966	13,128,436	51.58	5,740
The 24th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2015	96,323	10,719,787	50.78	5,651
The 25th Fiscal Year Ended on
December 31, 2016	103,932	11,566,592	56.06	6,239
2016 End of January	92,592	10,304,564	47.90	5,331
February	92,482	10,292,322	47.88	5,329
March	97,470	10,847,436	51.01	5,677
April	97,314	10,830,075	51.33	5,713
May	99,142	11,033,513	52.25	5,815
June	98,869	11,003,131	52.15	5,804
July	101,693	11,317,414	54.21	6,033
August	101,978	11,349,132	54.35	6,049
September	102,803	11,440,946	54.18	6,030
October	100,943	11,233,946	52.98	5,896
November	103,830	11,555,241	55.33	6,158
December	103,932	11,566,592	56.06	6,239
2017 End of January	106,516	11,854,166	57.13	6,358
February	110,696	12,319,358	59.25	6,594
March	111,414	12,399,264	59.04	6,571
April	113,746	12,658,792	59.66	6,640

(B) Record of Distributions Paid


	Total Distributions
	US$	Yen
The 16th Fiscal Year (1/1/07-12/31/07)	0.602	66.997
The 17th Fiscal Year (1/1/08-12/31/08)	0.586	65.216
The 18th Fiscal Year (1/1/09-12/31/09)	0.515	57.314
The 19th Fiscal Year (1/1/10-12/31/10)	0.530	58.984
The 20th Fiscal Year (1/1/11-12/31/11)	0.562	62.545
The 21th Fiscal Year (1/1/12-12/31/12)	0.720	80.129
The 22nd Fiscal Year (1/1/13-12/31/13)	0.765	85.137
The 23rd Fiscal Year (1/1/14-12/31/14)	0.851	94.708
The 24th Fiscal Year (1/1/15-12/31/15)	0.947	105.392
The 25th Fiscal Year (1/1/16-12/31/16)	1.024	113.961
2016 End of January	-	-
February	-	-
March	0.222	24.706
April	-	-
May	-	-
June	0.216	24.039
July	-	-
August	-	-
September	0.250	27.823
October	-	-
November	-	-
December	0.336	37.393
2017 End of January	-	-
February	-	-
March	0.247	27.489
April	-	-


Fiscal Year	Annual Return (%)
The 16th Fiscal Year (1/1/07-12/31/07)	5.49
The 17th Fiscal Year (1/1/08-12/31/08)	-36.69
The 18th Fiscal Year (1/1/09-12/31/09)	28.28
The 19th Fiscal Year (1/1/10-12/31/10)	16.90
The 20th Fiscal Year (1/1/11-12/31/11)	0.93
The 21st Fiscal Year (1/1/12-12/31/12)	16.20
The 22nd Fiscal Year (1/1/13-12/31/13)	33.09
The 23rd Fiscal Year (1/1/14-12/31/14)	12.34
The 24th Fiscal Year (1/1/15-12/31/15)	0.28
The 25th Fiscal Year (1/1/16-12/31/16)	12.41

(Note) Annual Return (%) = 100 x (a – b) / b

a = Net Asset Value per share at the end of the fiscal year including total amount of distributions made during such fiscal year.

b = Net Asset Value per share after distribution at the end of the previous fiscal year.


(D)		Miscellaneous (Investor Shares)
	(i)	Total Return
		Total Return represents the past performance, which cannot be used to predict
		future returns that may be achieved by the Fund. Note, too, that both share price and
		return can fluctuate widely. An investor’s shares, when redeemed, could be worth more
		or less than their original cost. The annual average return includes the fluctuation of the
		price of the shares, distribution and capital gains.


				(as of the end of April 2017)
past 1 month	past 1 year	past 3 years	past 5 years	past 10 years	since the establishment*
1.05%	18.45%	9.94%	13.39%	7.26%	9.50%

* The date of the establishment is April 27, 1992.

(ii) Annual performance (Calendar Year)


Year	Capital Return	Income Return	Total Return
2016	10.40%	2.14%	12.53%
2015	-1.55%	1.84%	0.29%
2014	10.52%	1.91%	12.43%
2013	30.95%	2.40%	33.35%
2012	13.9%	2.35%	16.25%
2011	-0.86%	1.82%	0.96%
2010	14.97%	2.12%	17.09%
2009	25.92%	2.78%	28.70%
2008	-38.35%	1.31%	37.04%
2007	3.73%	1.76%	5.49%
2006	13.63%	1.88%	15.51%
2005	4.28%	1.18%	5.98%
2004	10.70%	1.82%	12.52%
2003	29.50%	1.86%	31.35%
2002	22.03%	1.07%	20.96%
2001	-12.03%	1.06%	-10.97%
2000	-11.52%	0.94%	-10.57%
1999	22.44%	1.37%	23.81%
1998	21.69%	1.57%	23.26%
1997	29.02%	1.97%	30.99%
1996	18.91%	2.06%	20.96%
1995	33.08%	2.71%	35.79%
1994	-2.48%	2.31%	-0.17%

(iii) Monthly performance


	Total		Total		Total		Total		Total
	Return		Return		Return		Return		Return
	(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)
Apr. 1992	1.50	Jan. 1995	2.20	Oct. 1997	-3.40	Jul. 2000	-1.95	Apr. 2003	8.21
May 1992	0.69	Feb. 1995	4.04	Nov. 1997	3.33	Aug. 2000	7.28	May 2003	6.11
Jun. 1992	-2.05	Mar. 1995	2.65	Dec. 1997	1.70	Sept. 2000	-4.67	Jun. 2003	1.43
Jul. 1992	3.98	Apr. 1995	2.51	Jan. 1998	0.44	Oct. 2000	-2.04	Jul. 2003	2.36
Aug. 1992	-2.20	May 1995	3.48	Feb. 1998	7.34	Nov. 2000	-9.90	Aug. 2003	2.39
Sept. 1992	1.27	Jun. 1995	2.98	Mar. 1998	5.06	Dec. 2000	1.78	Sept. 2003	-1.15
Oct. 1992	1.17	Jul. 1995	4.02	Apr. 1998	1.10	Jan. 2001	3.83	Oct. 2003	6.12
Nov. 1992	4.23	Aug. 1995	1.07	May 1998	-2.71	Feb. 2001	-9.41	Nov. 2003	1.38
Dec. 1992	1.57	Sept. 1995	3.61	Jun. 1998	3.54	Mar. 2001	-6.72	Dec. 2003	4.48
Jan. 1993	1.01	Oct. 1995	-1.17	Jul. 1998	-2.27	Apr. 2001	8.16	Jan. 2004	2.23
Feb. 1993	0.46	Nov. 1995	4.17	Aug. 1998	-15.65	May 2001	1.01	Feb. 2004	1.43
Mar. 1993	2.46	Dec. 1995	1.54	Sept. 1998	6.68	Jun. 2001	-1.64	Mar. 2004	-1.07
Apr. 1993	-2.77	Jan. 1996	2.66	Oct. 1998	7.51	Jul. 2001	-1.71	Apr. 2004	-2.11
May 1993	3.03	Feb. 1996	1.62	Nov. 1998	6.17	Aug. 2001	-6.00	May 2004	1.35
Jun. 1993	0.55	Mar. 1996	1.14	Dec. 1998	6.45	Sept. 2001	-9.00	Jun. 2004	2.09
Jul. 1993	-0.27	Apr. 1996	2.41	Jan. 1999	3.65	Oct. 2001	2.52	Jul. 2004	-3.80
Aug. 1993	3.93	May 1996	2.66	Feb. 1999	-3.73	Nov. 2001	7.63	Aug. 2004	0.31
Sept. 1993	0.01	Jun. 1996	-0.84	Mar. 1999	3.93	Dec. 2001	1.78	Sept. 2004	1.74
Oct. 1993	1.64	Jul. 1996	-5.37	Apr. 1999	4.68	Jan. 2002	-1.24	Oct. 2004	1.68
Nov. 1993	-1.62	Aug. 1996	3.09	May 1999	-2.00	Feb. 2002	-2.05	Nov. 2004	4.68
Dec. 1993	1.90	Sept. 1996	5.38	Jun. 1999	5.16	Mar. 2002	4.38	Dec. 2004	3.63
Jan. 1994	3.08	Oct. 1996	1.43	Jul. 1999	-3.20	Apr. 2002	-4.90	Jan. 2005	-2.68
Feb. 1994	-2.16	Nov. 1996	6.81	Aug. 1999	-0.92	May 2002	-1.22	Feb. 2005	2.07
Mar. 1994	-4.52	Dec. 1996	-1.27	Sept. 1999	-2.44	Jun. 2002	-7.06	Mar. 2005	-1.75
Apr. 1994	0.89	Jan. 1997	5.46	Oct. 1999	6.29	Jul. 2002	-8.02	Apr. 2005	-2.32
May 1994	0.97	Feb. 1997	-0.11	Nov. 1999	3.42	Aug. 2002	0.53	May 2005	3.77
Jun. 1994	-2.73	Mar. 1997	-4.45	Dec. 1999	7.59	Sept. 2002	-10.07	Jun. 2005	0.81
Jul. 1994	3.08	Apr. 1997	4.50	Jan. 2000	-4.18	Oct. 2002	7.65	Jul. 2005	4.11
Aug. 1994	4.39	May 1997	7.10	Feb. 2000	2.54	Nov. 2002	6.06	Aug. 2005	-0.94
Sept. 1994	-1.85	Jun. 1997	4.37	Mar. 2000	5.69	Dec. 2002	-5.57	Sept. 2005	0.86
Oct. 1994	1.55	Jul. 1997	7.77	Apr. 2000	-5.21	Jan. 2003	-2.54	Oct. 2005	-1.86
Nov. 1994	-3.65	Aug. 1997	-3.72	May 2000	-3.41	Feb. 2003	-1.69	Nov. 2005	3.97
Dec. 1994	1.23	Spt. 1997	5.77	Jun. 2000	4.42	Mar. 2003	1.09	Dec. 2005	0.14


	Total		Total		Total		Total		Total
	Return		Return		Return		Return		Return
	(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)
Jan. 2006	3.50	Jan. 2007	1.88	Jan. 2008	-6.08	Jan. 2009	-8.26	Jan. 2010	-3.50
Feb. 2006	0.00	Feb. 2007	-1.61	Feb. 2008	-3.07	Feb. 2009	-10.45	Feb. 2010	3.36
Mar. 2006	1.80	Mar. 2007	1.11	Mar. 2008	-0.58	Mar. 2009	8.65	Mar. 2010	6.27
Apr. 2006	1.11	Apr. 2007	4.01	Apr. 2008	5.02	Apr. 2009	10.61	Apr. 2010	2.17
May. 2006	-3.23	May. 2007	3.69	May. 2008	2.09	May. 2009	5.38	May. 2010	-8.00
Jun. 2006	0.17	Jun. 2007	-1.67	Jun. 2008	-8.19	Jun. 2009	.34	Jun. 2010	-5.66
Jul. 2006	-0.13	Jul. 2007	-3.41	Jul. 2008	-0.77	Jul. 2009	7.82	Jul. 2010	6.99
Aug. 2006	2.31	Aug. 2007	1.45	Aug. 2008	1.58	Aug. 2009	3.63	Aug. 2010	-4.75
Sept. 2006	2.27	Sept. 2007	3.59	Sept. 2008	-9.26	Sept. 2009	4.23	Sept. 2010	9.47
Oct. 2006	3.53	Oct. 2007	1.85	Oct. 2008	-17.63	Oct. 2009	-2.57	Oct. 2010	3.94
Nov. 2006	2.23	Nov. 2007	-4.49	Nov. 2008	-7.90	Nov. 2009	5.63	Nov. 2010	0.58
Dec. 2006	1.13	Dec. 2007	-0.60	Dec. 2008	1.86	Dec. 2009	2.86	Dec. 2010	6.81


	Total		Total		Total		Total		Total
	Return		Return		Return		Return		Return
	(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)
Jan. 2011	2.19	Jan. 2012	5.08	Jan. 2013	5.50	Jan. 2014	-3.11	Jan. 2015	-2.77
Feb. 2011	3.60	Feb. 2012	4.26	Feb. 2013	1.28	Feb. 2014	4.73	Feb. 2015	5.76
Mar. 2011	0.45	Mar. 2012	3.07	Mar. 2013	3.88	Mar. 2014	0.51	Mar. 2015	-1.04
Apr. 2011	2.99	Apr. 2012	-0.65	Apr. 2013	1.70	Apr. 2014	0.06	Apr. 2015	0.42
May 2011	-1.16	May. 2012	-6.24	May 2013	2.32	May 2014	2.17	May 2015	1.39
Jun. 2011	-1.79	Jun. 2012	3.91	Jun. 2013	-1.27	Jun. 2014	2.54	Jun. 2015	-1.71
Jul. 2011	-2.28	Jul. 2012	1.03	Jul. 2013	5.49	Jul. 2014	-1.98	Jul. 2015	1.63
Aug. 2011	-5.99	Aug. 2012	2.48	Aug. 2013	-2.82	Aug. 2014	4.18	Aug. 2015	-6.03
Sept. 2011	-7.75	Sept. 2012	2.58	Sept. 2013	3.66	Sept. 2014	-2.14	Sept. 2015	-2.93
Oct. 2011	11.51	Oct. 2012	-1.76	Oct. 2013	4.22	Oct. 2014	2.74	Oct. 2015	7.84
Nov. 2011	-0.29	Nov. 2012	0.74	Nov. 2013	2.88	Nov. 2014	2.41	Nov. 2015	0.54
Dec. 2011	0.80	Dec. 2012	1.19	Dec. 2013	2.63	Dec. 2014	-0.01	Dec. 2015	-2.03


	Total		Total
	Return		Return
	(%)		(%)
Jan. 2016	-5.67	Jan. 2017	1.91
Feb. 2016	-0.04	Feb. 2017	3.71
Mar. 2016	7.01	Mar. 2017	0.07
Apr. 2016	0.63	Apr. 2017	1.05
May 2016	1.79
Jun. 2016	0.23
Jul. 2016	3.95
Aug. 2016	0.26
Sept. 2016	0.15
Oct. 2016	-2.21
Nov. 2016	4.44
Dec. 2016	1.92

(iv) The contents of the portfolio (as of the end of April 2017)


Fund Asset Allocation
Short-term reserves 0%
Stocks	100%

Characteristics of Stocks


Number of Stocks	3575
Median Market Capitalization	$58.5 billion
PER	26.9x
PBR	2.8x
ROE	24.9%
Earnings growth rate	9.8%
Turnover rate (as of fiscal year end	4.1%
December 31, 2016)
Short-term reserves	0%

(v) Risk analysis (as of the end of April 2017)


R Squared	1.00
Beta	1.00

Note 1 R Squared and Beta are calculated from trailing 36-month fund returns relative to the Spliced Total Stock Market Index. The Spliced Total Stock Market Index reflects performance of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market Index through April 22, 2005, performance of the MSCI US Broad Market Index through June 2, 2013, and performance of the CRSP US Total Market Index thereafter.

Note 2 “R Squared” is a measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by the fund’s target index benchmark and by an overall market index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-Squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship with the index’s returns, its R-Squared would be 0.

Note 3 “Beta” is a measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of the fund’s target index benchmark and an overall market index. Each index is assigned a Beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a Beta of 1.20 would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. However, a fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared. The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the benchmark, and the less reliable the beta is as an indicator of volatility.

(4) Record of Sales and Repurchase

Record of sales and repurchase as of the end of each fiscal year and number of outstanding Share of the Fund as of the end of each fiscal year are as follows.

Total Stock Market Index Fund - Investor Shares


			Number of Units

Class USD Unit				Outstanding at the
		Sold	Repurchased	end of the fiscal
				year
13th Fiscal Year	Worldwide	324,989.000	148,108.000	1,102,513.000
From January 1, 2004 till December 31, 2004	(in Japan)	(128,230.000)	(79,741.000)	(371,910.000)
14th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	287,422	397,028	992,906
From January 1, 2005 till December 31, 2005	(in Japan)	(140,495)	(95,718)	(416,687)
15th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	331,762	177,927	1,146,741
From January 1, 2006 till December 31, 2006	(in Japan)	(140,931)	(88,227)	(469,391)
16th Fiscal Year	Worldwide	448,734	176,070	1,419,405
From January 1, 2007 till December 31, 2007	(in Japan)	(122,050)	(110,302)	(481,139)
17th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	708,727	319,034	1,809,098
From January 1, 2008 till December 31, 2008	(in Japan)	(76,330)	(89,766)	(467,703)
18th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	656,939	352,832	2,113,205
From January 1, 2009 till December 31, 2009	(in Japan)	(51,180)	(55,186)	(463,697)
19th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	557,954	894,960	1,776,199
From January 1, 2010 till December 31, 2010	(in Japan)	(43,765)	(50,444)	(457,018)
20th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	571,254	344,650	2,002,803
From January 1, 2011 till December 31, 2011	(in Japan)	(31,390)	(48,358)	(440,050)
21st Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	416,763	204,980	2,214,586
From January 1, 2012 till December 31, 2012	(in Japan)	(22,075)	(43,427)	(418,698)
22nd Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	341,395	306,111	2,249,870
From January 1, 2013 till December 31, 2013	(in Japan)	(41,435)	(150,279)	(309,854)
23rd Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	318,168	281,022	2,287,016
From January 1, 2014 till December 31, 2014	(in Japan)	(53,045)	(47,737)	(315,162)
24th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	226,807	616,831	1,896,992
From January 1, 2015 till December 31, 2015	(in Japan)	(26,568)	(51,520)	(290,210)
25th Fiscal Year	Worldwide (in thousands)	260,123	303,219	1,853,896
From January 1, 2016 till December 31, 2016	(in Japan)	(14,895)	(40,005)	(265,100)

(Note 1) Number in upper cell is in thousands.
(Note 2) Number in lower cell is the number of shares traded in Japan.

II. MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION

1. PROCEDURES FOR SUBSCRIPTION (SALES)

. a. Procedures for Subscriptions in the United States

Investors buy Shares at the Fund's NAV determined as of their “Trade Date.” For all Vanguard funds, purchase requests received at Vanguard before the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., U.S. Eastern time), receive a Trade Date of the same day, and purchase requests received after that time will receive a Trade Date of the first business day following the date of receipt.

b. Procedures for Subscriptions in Japan

In Japan, Shares of the Fund are offered on any Fund Business Day (i.e., any day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading) when sales handling companies are open for business in Japan (with the exception of a day in which the next business day is a national holiday in Japan) during the subscription period mentioned in “7. Period of Subscription, Part I Information Concerning Securities” of the securities registration statement. A Sales Handling Company shall provide to the investors a Contract Concerning a Foreign Securities Transactions Account (the “Contract”) and receive from such investors an application for requesting the opening of a transactions account under the Contract. The minimum shares to open an account shall be five shares.

The issue price for Shares during the subscription period shall be, in principal, the NAV per Share next calculated after the Fund has received such application. The Trade Date in Japan is the day when the Sales Handling Company confirms the execution of the order (generally, the next day following the date of the order in Japan). The payment and delivery shall be made in Yen on the fourth business day from and including the Trade Date. No sales charge is added in Japan, provided, however, that an Account Administration Fee at an annual rate of 0.648% (.0.60% excluding tax) multiplied by the Shareholder's average account balance shall be assessed upon each Shareholder quarterly in arrears. For Shareholder accounts which are redeemed partially or in full prior to the end of each quarter, the Account Administration Fee shall be charged in proportion to the period in which such shareholder holds the shares and assessed at the time of each redemption. Quarterly assessments shall be net of any fees charged for partial redemptions during the quarter.

Shareholders will receive from the Sales Handling Company a certificate of safekeeping in exchange for the purchase price. In such case payment shall be made in Yen in principal and the applicable exchange rate shall be the exchange rate which shall be based on the foreign exchange rate quoted in the Tokyo Foreign Exchange Market on the Trade Date and which shall be determined by the Sales Handling Company. The payment by the investor to the Distributor may be made in U.S. Dollars to the extent that the Sales Handling Companies can agree.

In addition, the Sales Handling Companies in Japan who are members of the JSDA cannot continue sales of the Shares in Japan when the net assets of the Fund are

less than ¥100,000,000 or the Shares otherwise cease to comply with the “Standards of Selection of Foreign Investment Fund Securities” established under the Rules of Foreign Securities Transactions by the Japanese Securities Dealers Association.

2. PROCEDURES FOR REPURCHASE OF SHARES a. Repurchase in the United States

Investors can request a redemption of Shares at any time from their Fund account in any one of three ways: online, by telephone, or by mail. Shares are redeemed at the Fund's next-determined NAV after Vanguard receives the redemption request, including any special documentation required under the circumstances. As long as the request is received in good order before the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., U.S. Eastern time), shares are redeemed at that day’s NAV. This is known as the investor’s Trade Date. No charge is made by the Fund for redemptions. The proceeds of a redemption may be worth more or less than the Shareholder’s cost depending on the market value of the securities held by the Fund.

b. Repurchase in Japan

Shareholders in Japan may at any time request repurchase of their Shares. Repurchase requests in Japan may be made to the Sales Handling Company on a Fund Business Day that is also a business day of the Sales Handling Companies in Japan (with the exception of a day in which the next business day is a national holiday in Japan). The Sales Handling Company shall send such requests to Vanguard. One share is acceptable as the minimum redemption amount.

The price a Shareholder in Japan will receive is the NAV next calculated after the Fund receives the repurchase request from the Sales Handling Company. The payment of the price shall be made in Yen through the Sales Handling Companies pursuant to the Contracts or, if the Sales Handling Companies agree, in U.S. Dollars. The payment for repurchase proceeds shall be made on the fourth business day of the Sales Handling Companies in Japan from and including the Trade Date.

As to the Account Administration Fee, the Distributor shall have the right to redeem shares from the Fund in respect of which the Account Administration Fee is collected. Please refer to the Distributor for details of procedures of redemption of the shares.

c. Suspension of Repurchase

The Fund can postpone payment of redemption proceeds for up to seven calendar days. In addition, the Fund can suspend redemptions and/or postpone payments of redemption proceeds beyond seven calendar days (i) during any period that the New York Stock Exchange is closed or trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, (ii) during any period when an emergency exists, as defined by the SEC, as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the

Fund to dispose of securities it owns or to fairly determine the value of its assets, or (iii) for such other periods as the SEC may permit.

The Trust has filed an election with the SEC to pay in cash all redemptions requested by any shareholder of record limited in amount during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net assets of the Fund at the beginning of such period.

3. OUTLINE OF MANAGEMENT OF ASSETS, ETC.

(1) Valuation of Assets

Share price, also known as net asset value (NAV), is calculated each business day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally 4 p.m., U.S. Eastern time. Each share class has its own NAV, which is computed by dividing the total assets, minus liabilities, allocated to the share class by the number of Fund shares outstanding for that class. On U.S. holidays or other days when the NYSE is closed, the NAV is not calculated, and the Fund does not sell or redeem shares. However, on those days the value of the Fund’s assets may be affected to the extent that the Fund holds securities that change in value on those days (such as non-U.S. securities that trade on non-U.S. markets that are open).

Stocks held by a Vanguard fund are valued at their market value when reliable market quotations are readily available from the principal exchange or market on which they are traded. Such securities are generally valued at their official closing price, the last reported sales price, or if there were no sales that day, the mean between the closing bid and asking prices. When a fund determines that market quotations either are not readily available or do not accurately reflect the value of a security, the security is priced at its fair value (the amount that the owner might reasonably expect to receive upon the current sale of the security). The values of any non-U.S. securities held by a fund are converted into U.S. Dollars using an exchange rate obtained from an independent third party as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE. The values of any mutual fund shares, including institutional money market fund shares, held by a fund are based on the NAVs of the shares. The values of any ETF shares or closed-end fund shares held by a fund are based on the market value of the shares.

A fund also will use fair-value pricing if the value of a security it holds has been materially affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the principal exchange or market on which the security is traded. This most commonly occurs with non-U.S. securities, which may trade on non-U.S. exchanges that close many hours before the fund’s pricing time. Intervening events might be company-specific (e.g., earnings report, merger announcement) or country-specific or regional/global (e.g., natural disaster, economic or political news, act of terrorism, interest rate change). Intervening events include price movements in U.S. markets that exceed a specified threshold or that are otherwise deemed to affect the value of non-U.S. securities.

Fair-value pricing may be used for domestic securities—for example, if (1) trading in a security is halted and does not resume before the fund’s pricing time or a security does not trade in the course of a day and (2) the fund holds enough of the security that its price could affect the NAV.

Fair-value prices are determined by Vanguard according to procedures adopted by the board of trustees. When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a fund to calculate the NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities.

(2) Conversion of Shares

In Japan, Shares cannot be converted to securities of other classes or series of the Trust.

(3) Custody of Shares:

To eliminate the need for safekeeping, the Fund will not issue certificates for Shares.

(4) Duration Period:

Unless terminated as provided in the Agreement and Declaration of the Trust, the Trust shall continue without limitation of time.

(5) Fiscal Year:

The accounts of the Fund will be closed each year on December 31.

(6) Miscellaneous:

(a) Dissolution of Fund

The Trust may be terminated at any time by the trustees upon 60 days prior written notice to the Shareholders. Any series may be terminated at any time by the trustees upon 60 days prior written notice to the Shareholders of that series.

(b) The Procedures Concerning the Changes of Agreements between the Related Companies

(i) Agreement and Declaration of Trust:

Originals or copies of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended, are maintained in the office of the Trust and are made available for public inspection for the Shareholders. Copies of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended, are on file in the United States with the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Agreement and Declaration of Trust may be restated and/or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the trustees then holding office. Any such restatement and/or amendment thereto shall be effective immediately upon execution and approval. The Certificate of Trust of the Trust may be restated and/or amended by a similar procedure, and any such restatement and/or amendment shall be effective

immediately upon filing with the Office of the Secretary of State of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein.

In Japan, material changes in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust shall be published or notice thereof shall be sent to the Japanese Shareholders.

(ii) Agent Company Agreement

Agent Company Agreement shall be effective until terminated upon three (3) months’ prior written notice to the other party to the agreement. The Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Japan.

(iii) Shares Distribution and Redemption Agreement

Shares Distribution and Redemption Agreement shall continue in effect until terminated upon three (3) months’ prior notice in writing to the other party to the agreement. The Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Japan. Any action brought under the agreement for indemnification or otherwise shall be brought in the Tokyo District Court and Vanguard submits to jurisdiction of the Tokyo District.

(iv) Global Custody Agreement

Either party may terminate Global Custody Agreement by notice in writing, delivered or dispatched by registered mail to the other party hereto, not less than sixty (60) days prior to the date upon which such termination becomes effective. The Agreement shall be subject to and construed in accordance with law of New York State.

(v) Funds' Service Agreement

The Fifth Amended and Restated Funds' Service Agreement shall continue in full force and effect as to all parties to the Agreement until terminated or amended by mutual agreement of all parties to the Agreement. The Fund may elect to withdraw from the Agreement effective at the end of any monthly period by giving at least 90 days prior written notice to each of the parties to the Agreement.

4. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE EXERCISE OF RIGHTS BY

SHAREHOLDERS, ETC.

(1) Rights of Shareholders and Procedures for Their Exercise:

Shareholders in Japan must generally register their Shares in their own name in order to exercise directly their rights as Shareholders. Therefore, the Shareholders in Japan who entrust the custody of their Shares to the Sales Handling Company cannot exercise directly their Shareholder rights, because their Shares are registered in the name

of the Sales Handling Company. Shareholders in Japan may have the Sales Handling Companies exercise their rights on their behalf in accordance with the Contract with the Sales Handling Companies.

Shareholders in Japan who do not entrust the custody of their Shares to the Sales Handling Companies may exercise their rights in accordance with their own arrangement under their own responsibility.

The major rights enjoyed by Shareholders are as follows:

(i) Voting rights

Shareholders of the Fund are entitled to vote on a matter if (1) the matter concerns an amendment to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust that would adversely affect to a material degree the rights and preferences of the Shares of the Fund or any class; (2) the trustees determine that it is necessary or desirable to obtain a Shareholder vote; or (3) a merger or consolidation, share conversion, share exchange, or sale of assets is proposed and a shareholder vote is required by the 1940 Act to approve the transaction; or (4) a shareholder vote is required under the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act requires a Shareholder vote under various circumstances, including to elect or remove trustees upon the written request of Shareholders representing 10% or more of the Fund's net assets to change any fundamental policy of the Fund, and to enter into certain merger transactions. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, Shareholders of the Fund receive one vote for each U.S. dollar of net asset value owned on the record date, and a fractional vote for each fractional dollar of net asset value owned on the record date. However, only the Shares of the Fund or class affected by a particular matter are entitled to vote on that matter. In addition, each class has exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders that relates solely to that class, and each class has separate voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders in which the interests of one class differ from the interests of another. Voting rights are non-cumulative and cannot be modified without a majority vote by the shareholders.

Shareholders in Japan are entitled to receive from the Sales Handling Companies pursuant to the Account Agreement to be entered between a Sales Handling Company and a Shareholder notices of the Fund, whereby Shareholders have the Sales Handling Company exercise their voting rights.

(ii) Repurchase rights

Shareholders are entitled to request repurchase of Shares at the Shares' Net Asset Value.

(iii) Rights to receive dividends

The Shareholders of the Fund are entitled to receive any dividends or other distributions declared by the Fund for each such class. No Shares of the Fund have priority or preference over any other Shares of the Fund with respect to distributions. Distributions will be made from the assets of the Fund and will be paid ratably to all Shareholders of a particular class according to the number of

Shares of the class held by Shareholders on the record date. The amount of dividends per share may vary between separate share classes of the Fund based upon differences in the net asset values of the different classes and differences in the way that expenses are allocated between share classes pursuant to a multiple class plan.

(iv) Right to receive distributions upon dissolution

In the event that the Fund is liquidated, shareholders will be entitled to receive a pro rata share of the Fund’s net assets. In the event that a class of shares is liquidated, shareholders of that class will be entitled to receive a pro rata share of the Fund’s net assets that are allocated to that class. Shareholders may receive cash, securities, or a combination of the two.

(v) Right to inspect accounting books and the like:

Shareholders are entitled to inspect the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, and at the discretion of the Court, the accounting books and the minutes of any Shareholders' meetings.

(vi) Right to Transfer Shares

Shares are transferable within Japan to Japanese investors without restriction except as limited by applicable law.

(2) Foreign Exchange Control:

In the United States, there are no foreign exchange control restrictions on remittance of dividends, repurchase money, etc. of the Shares to Japanese Shareholders.

(3) Agent in Japan:

Mori Hamada & Matsumoto
Marunouchi Park Building
6-1, Marunouchi 2-chome
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

The foregoing law firm is the true and lawful agent of the Fund to represent and act for the Fund in Japan for the purposes of:

(i) the receipt of any and all communications, claims, actions, proceedings and processes as to matters involving problems under the laws and the rules and regulations of the JSDA, and

(ii) representation in and out of court in connection with any and all disputes, controversies or differences regarding the transactions relating to the public offering, sale and repurchase in Japan of the Shares of the Fund.

The agent for the registration with the Director of Kanto Local Finance Bureau of the Ministry of Finance of Japan of the public offering concerned as well as for the continuous disclosure and filing the notification with the Commissioner of the Financial Services Agency is the following person:

Ken Miura
Attorney-at-law
Mori Hamada & Matsumoto
Marunouchi Park Building
6-1, Marunouchi 2-chome
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

(4) Jurisdiction:

The Fund acknowledges that the following court shall have jurisdiction over litigations related to transactions in the Units of the Fund acquired by Japanese investors.

Tokyo District Court
1-4, Kasumigaseki 1-chome
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Enforcement proceedings of a final and definitive judgment on such litigation will be conducted in accordance with the applicable laws of the relevant jurisdiction.

III. FINANCIAL CONDITIONS OF THE FUND

1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

["Please see exhibit."]

2. CONDITION OF THE FUND

(a) Statement of Net Assets (All Share Classes)


		(As of the end of April 2017)
			JPY (in thousands
		US$	except column V)
I. Total Assets		564,833,462,924	62,860,316,088,812
II Total Liabilities		4,371,495,391	486,503,722,064
III. Total Net Assets (I - II)	*	560,461,967,534	62,373,812,366,859
IV. Total Number of Shares Outstanding	**	7,843,092,442 Shares
V. Net Asset Value per Share (III / IV)	***	71.46	7,953

* Total Net Assets for Investor Shares = $113,745,609,957

** Total Number of Shares Outstanding for Investor Shares = 1,906,553,55

*** Net Asset Value per Share for Investor Shares = $ 59.66

IV. SUMMARY OF INFORMATION CONCERNING FOREIGN INVESTMENT FUND
SECURITIES

1. Transfer of the Shares

The transfer agent for the Shares is Vanguard, whose mailing address is P.O. Box 2600, Valley Forge, Pennsylvania 19482.

The Japanese investors who entrust the custody of their Shares to a Sales Handling Company shall have their Shares transferred under the responsibility of such company, and the other investors shall make their own arrangements.

No fee is chargeable for the transfer of Shares.

2. There are no annual Shareholders' meetings. Special Shareholders' meetings may be held from time to time as required by the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the 1940 Act.

3. No special privilege is granted to Shareholders.

The acquisition of Shares by any person may be restricted.

PART III SPECIAL INFORMATION

I. OUTLINE OF THE TRUST

1. Outline of the Trust

(1) Amount of Capital Stock Not applicable.

(2) Structure of the Management of the Fund

The trustees have exclusive and absolute control over the Trust Property and over the business of the Trust to the same extent as if the trustees were the sole owners of the Trust Property and business in their own right, but with such powers of delegation as may be permitted by the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust. The Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the trustees have the power to do all things and execute all instruments as the trustees deem necessary, proper or desirable in order to promote the interests of the Trust.

The number of trustees shall be fixed from time to time by a majority of trustees, provided however, that the number of trustees shall at all times be at least one (1). If any vacancies shall exist, the remaining trustees shall fill such vacancy by appointing such other individual as they in their discretion shall see fit. A Trustee may be removed at any meeting of Shareholders by a vote of two-thirds of the outstanding Shares of each series. The trustees shall hold office during the lifetime of this Trust and until its termination or until he or she resigns, is removed or dies.

The trustees of the Trust are authorized by the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust to issue Shares and to authorize the division of Shares into one or more series. The assets of each series shall irrevocably belong to that series for all purposes. The variations in the relative rights, privileges and preferences as between the different series shall be fixed and determined by the trustees. The trustees may authorize the division of Shares of any series into Shares of one or more classes of such series, with such variations between classes as may be approved by the board of trustees.

Under the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Shareholders have the power, as and to the extent provided therein, to vote only (i) for the election or removal of trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1 of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, and (ii) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act, including Section 16(a) thereof, and (iii) on such other matters as the trustees may consider necessary or desirable unless otherwise required by law, each Shareholder shall have one vote for each U.S. dollar (and a fractional vote for each fractional dollar) of the net asset value of each Share (including fractional Shares) held by such Shareholder on the record date on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of Shareholders. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of trustees. Votes may be made in person or by proxy. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger.

Meetings of the Shareholders may be called by the trustees. A meeting of Shareholders may be held at any place designated by the trustees. Written notice of any meeting of Shareholders shall be given or caused to be given by the trustees by delivering personally or mailing such notice not more than ninety (90), nor less than ten (10) days before such meeting, postage prepaid, stating the time and place of the meeting, to each Shareholder at the Shareholder's address as it appears on the records of the Trust.

Except as otherwise provided by the 1940 Act or in the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, at any meeting of Shareholders, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of record of Shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote representing more than fifty percent of the total combined net asset value of all Shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at the meeting. Any meeting of Shareholders may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question of adjourning a meeting to another date and time, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice.

The trustees are authorized by the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust to adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust to provide for the conduct of the business of the Trust. The By-Laws contemplate that the trustees shall elect a Chairman, a President, a Treasurer and a Secretary. The trustees may elect or appoint such other officers or agents as the business of the Trust may require. The trustees may delegate to any officer or committee the power to appoint any subordinate officers or agent. The trustees may amend or repeal the By-Laws of the Trust to the extent such power is not reserved to the Shareholders.

The trustees may in their discretion provide for regular or stated meeting of the trustees. Notice of regular or stated meetings need not be given. Meeting of the trustees other than regular or stated meetings shall be held whenever called by the Chairman or by any trustee. Notice of the time and place of each meeting other than regular or stated meetings shall be mailed to each trustee at least two days before the meeting, or shall be telegraphed, cabled, or wirelessed to each trustee, or personally delivered to him at least one day before the meeting.

A majority of the trustees present in person at any regular or special meeting of the trustees shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting. Except as otherwise required by law, the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the Trust's By-Laws, any action to be taken by the trustees may be taken by a majority of the trustees present at a meeting at which a quorum is present, or by written consent of all of the trustees.

The Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust contains provisions for the indemnification of trustees, officers and Shareholders of the Trust under the circumstances and on the terms specified therein.

2. Description of Business and Outline of Operation

The Trust may carry out any administrative and managerial acts, including the purchase, sale, subscription and exchange of any securities, and the exercise of all rights directly or indirectly pertaining to the Fund’s assets. The Trust has retained Vanguard, as

Investment Management Company and Transfer and Dividend Paying Agent; and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Custodian, to hold the assets of the Fund in custody.

3. Financial Conditions of the Management Company

Not applicable.

4. Restrictions on Transactions with Interested Parties:

The Fund may not sell, purchase or loan securities (excluding Shares in the Fund) or grant or receive a loan or loans to or from the Investment Advisor, corporate and domiciliary agent, or paying agent, the distributors and the authorized agents or any of their directors, officers or employees or any of their major Shareholders (meaning a Shareholder who holds, in his own or other name (as well as a nominee's name), more than 10% of the total issued and outstanding Shares of stock of such company) acting as principal, or for their own account, unless the transaction is made within the other restrictions set forth above and either (a) at a price determined by current publicly available quotations, or (b) at competitive prices or interest rates prevailing from time to time on internationally recognized securities markets or internationally recognized money markets.

5. Miscellaneous

(1) Changes of Trustees and Officers

Trustees may be removed by, among other things, a vote representing two-thirds of the total net asset value of all shares of the Fund. In the event of vacancy, the remaining trustees may fill such vacancy by appointing such other person as they in their discretion shall see fit. The trustees may add to their number as they consider appropriate. The trustees may elect and remove officers as they consider appropriate.

(2) Amendment to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust

The Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust may be restated or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the trustees then holding office.

(3) Litigation and Other Significant Events

Nothing which has or which would have a material adverse effect on the Fund has occurred which has not been disclosed. The fiscal year end of the Fund is December 31.

II. OUTLINE OF THE OTHER RELATED COMPANIES

1. NAME, AMOUNT OF CAPITAL AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

(A) Vanguard (the “Investment Manager” and the “Transfer and Dividend-Paying Agent”) (1) Amount of Capital as of the end of April, 2017 $250,032,582.00 (¥27.83 billion) (2) Description of Business Vanguard was established in 1974 under the laws of Pennsylvania and is registered as an investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Vanguard was established and operates under an Amended and Restated Funds’ Service Agreement. The Fifth Amended and Restated Funds’ Service Agreement provides that each Vanguard fund may be called upon to invest up to 0.40% of its net assets in Vanguard as contributions to Vanguard’s capitalization, and that there is no other limitation on the U.S. Dollar amount that each Vanguard fund may contribute to Vanguard’s capitalization. The amounts which each of the funds have invested are adjusted from time to time in order to maintain the proportionate relationship between each fund’s relative net assets and its contribution to Vanguard’s capital.

At December 31, 2016, the Fund had contributed capital of $36,779,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the Fund’s net assets and 14.71% of Vanguard’s capitalization.

(B) JPMorgan Chase Bank (the “Custodian”)

(1) Amount of Capital as of December 31, 2016

Approximately $205.1 billion (unaudited) (approximately ¥27,065.7 billion) (2) Description of Business JPMorgan Chase Bank engages in business as a financial institution.

(C) Vanguard Investments Japan, Ltd. (the “Agent Company”) (1) Amount of Capital: ¥ 443.5 million as of the end of April, 2017 (2) Description of Business:

Vanguard Investments Japan, Ltd., performs first financial instruments business and investment management business in Japan.

(D) Monex, Inc. (the “Distributor”) (1) Amount of Capital:

Approximately ¥12.2 billion as of the end of March 2017 (2) Description of Business:

Monex, Inc. performs first financial instruments business in Japan.

2. OUTLINE OF BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FUND

(A) Vanguard (the “Investment Manager” and the “Transfer and Dividend-Paying Agent”)

Vanguard acts as investment manager and transfer and dividend-paying agent to the Fund.

(B) JPMorgan Chase Bank (the “Custodian”)

JPMorgan Chase Bank serves as the Fund’s custodian. The custodian is responsible for maintaining the Fund’s assets, keeping all necessary accounts and records of Fund assets, and appointing any non-U.S. sub-custodians or non-U.S. securities depositories.

Vanguard Investments Japan acts as the Agent Company in Japan. (D) Monex, Inc. (the “Distributor”) Monex, Inc. acts as the Distributor in Japan.

3. CAPITAL RELATIONSHIPS

The Fund contributed 14.71% of the capitalization of Vanguard as of the end of
December 2016.

III. OUTLINE OF THE SYSTEM OF INVESTMENT TRUSTS

A. Outline of the Investment Trusts in Delaware

Delaware statutory trusts are governed by Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code. See “PART II. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE FUND – I.1 (4) Outline of Laws Regulating the Fund in the Jurisdiction Where Established” for a summary of the provisions contained in Chapter 38. To form a trust, a governing instrument is entered into and a certificate of trust is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. Delaware statutory trusts are a common organizational form for U.S. registered management investment companies, commonly called “mutual funds”.

B. The System of Mutual Funds created as Delaware Statutory Trusts in Delaware A Delaware statutory trust is in the widest sense a business organization like a corporation or partnership. It can issue shares (beneficial interests) which may be freely transferred; the holders of such shares may receive dividends out of the income of the trust; and the management is separate from the ownership of each organization. Except to the extent otherwise provided in the governing instrument of a Delaware statutory trust, the business and affairs of a Delaware statutory trust shall be managed by or under the direction of its trustees. See section 3806 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.

Additionally, as a registered investment company (mutual fund), a Delaware statutory trust is regulated by the 1940 Act and other related U.S. federal and state laws. As long as a Delaware statutory trust operates as a registered mutual fund, the shareholders of the trust derive certain rights and protections under the U.S. federal securities laws. Such federal laws prohibit all false and misleading statements or omissions of material facts from the contents of the mutual fund's registration statement filed with the SEC. Further, various securities laws contain similar prohibitions in connection with the offer, sale and advertising of mutual funds.

(1) Formation of a Delaware Statutory Trust

A Delaware statutory trust is formed by a governing instrument ("Agreement and Declaration of Trust") and the filing of a certificate of trust ("Certificate of Trust") pursuant to section 3810 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. Property of the trust is transferred to the trustees in accordance with the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, and the trustees manage and operate the trust for the benefit of the beneficial shareholders, whose shares may be freely transferred.

The Agreement and Declaration of Trust generally contains such matters as the name of the trust, purpose, compensation to be paid to the trustees, powers and responsibilities of the trustees, shareholder meetings, rights of shareholders, payment of dividends, redemption of shares, period and termination of the trust, and the governing law of the trust.

To become a registered mutual fund, a registration statement must be filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act and an election made under the 1940 Act.

(2) Issuance of Shares

In order to issue mutual fund shares, a fund must have a prospectus which contains various items of disclosure relating to the fund and its shares, such as: the fees associated with a purchase of the fund's shares, financial information about the fund for the past five years (or for the length of time the fund has been in operation), the fund's objectives and policies, any investment restrictions, the price at which shares may be purchased, the method by which shareholders may purchase and redeem shares, dividend and tax information relating to the ownership of shares, descriptions of the fund's management and expenses paid by the fund, a description of the fund's shares and any other information the fund desires to provide potential shareholders. The regulations regarding the issuance of a mutual fund's shares are the U.S. federal securities laws, Blue Sky laws and various sections of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (“Code”). The shares may not be issued unless the fund has an effective registration statement on file with the SEC. Further, each share of stock issued by a mutual fund must be a voting share and have equal voting rights with all other outstanding voting shares.

(3) Management and Operation of a Mutual Fund

Management and operation of a mutual fund is generally conducted by having an investment advisory agreement with an investment advisor. The requirements for becoming an investment advisor for a mutual fund are that the advisor must be a registered investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and must have been approved by the board of trustees/directors of a fund and its shareholders. The investment advisor discloses certain information to the competent supervisory authorities and the fund's shareholders, in accordance with the investment advisory agreement, with respect to the management and operation of the fund's assets.

An advisory fee calculated in accordance with the net asset value of the fund is paid to the investment advisor. An investment advisor generally executes an investment advisory agreement with a fund relating to the investment and reinvestment of the fund's assets. Such investment and reinvestment must be conducted subject to the investment objectives and restrictions provided for in the prospectus and other governing instruments. a. Valuation of Assets The fund's net asset value per share is calculated each business day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange). The total net asset value of the fund is determined by subtracting the fund's (share class’s) total liabilities from its total assets. The net asset value per share of the fund (share class) is determined by dividing the fund's (share class’s) net assets by the total number of shares outstanding at the time of calculation. b. Sale, Redemption and Custody of Shares (i) The purchase price of a fund’s shares will be the net asset value per share next computed after receipt of the sales order by the fund plus the sales charge, if applicable. Such purchase price is set forth in the prospectus.

(ii) Redemption of shares shall be made for one share or its multiple, and the redemption price per share shall be the net asset value per share next computed after receipt by the fund of the order and share certificate if share certificates have been issued. Subject to certain rules of the SEC, the fund may suspend the right

of redemption temporarily. The principal underwriter may charge fees upon such redemption.

(iii) Custody of Shares

Investors' shares are usually held in book entry form by the fund's transfer agent. Certificates for shares are no longer issued for the Fund.. The transfer agent will furnish such shareholders with detailed statements of their accounts. c. Outline of Disclosure Requirements (i) Disclosure to shareholders In accordance with the 1940 Act, a fund sends to its shareholders annual and semi-annual reports relating to its operations that contain financial information.

(ii) Disclosure to the SEC

Pursuant to the 1940 Act, a fund reports details of its financial condition and business operations to the SEC by annual and semi-annual reports. d. Shareholders’ Rights and Procedures for the Exercise Thereof Shareholders must be registered with a fund in order to exercise shareholders' rights directly against the fund. The representative right afforded to shareholders is the voting right. Other rights include the right to receive dividends, the right to receive distributions upon dissolution, the right to inspect accounting books and the like, the right to transfer shares, and other rights with respect to the U.S. registration statement (including the prospectus).

(i) Voting rights

Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each dollar of net asset value (determined as of the applicable record date) and a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional dollar amount owned with respect to any matter Shareholders are entitled to vote under the fund's Declaration of Trust, By-laws or any applicable law. Voting rights shall be exercised at a shareholders meeting, or without a meeting if a consent in writing setting forth such action is signed by the shareholders entitled to vote on a subject matter thereof holding a majority of the shares entitled to vote thereon. Shareholders' meetings shall be convened by the trustees or such other persons as specified in the fund's By-laws, and the meeting shall be held at the head office of the fund or such other place as the trustees may designate. Shareholders representing more than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote being present (including those present by proxy) shall constitute a quorum unless otherwise provided for in any applicable statutes, rules and regulations, and, except as otherwise provided by law, the fund's Declaration of Trust, or By-laws, approval of a matter is given by vote (including vote by proxy) of a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote.

(ii) Redemption rights

Shareholders are entitled to request redemption of shares at their net asset value at any time, provided that the fund may suspend the right of redemption temporarily during the periods subject to the rules of the SEC under the 1940 Act.

(iii) Right to receive dividends

Shareholders are entitled to receive any declared distributions for each share held by them. Record dates are designated for the payment of distributions and payments are usually made during the months in which the record date falls or in the following month.

(iv) Right to receive distributions upon dissolution

Shareholders of a fund are entitled to receive distributions upon dissolution in proportion to the number of shares then held by them.

(v) Right to inspect accounting books and the like Shareholders are entitled to inspect the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and, subject to the discretion of the court, the fund's accounting books and minutes of shareholders' meetings.

(vi) Right to transfer shares

Shares are transferable without restriction.

(vii) Rights with respect to the U.S. registration statement

The 1933 Act provides that if any effective part of the registration statement contains an untrue statement of material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statement therein not misleading, any person acquiring such security may sue every person who signed the registration statement, every person who was a trustee (or person performing similar functions) of the issuer at the time of filing of the registration statement, certain other persons who prepared any part of the registration statement and every underwriter with respect to such security. e. Related Company and Others (i) Investment management company The investment management company shall manage and operate the assets of a fund subject to the terms of the investment advisory agreement and the fund's investment objectives and restrictions. The requirements for becoming an investment management company are that the manager must be a registered investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and must have been approved by the board of trustees/directors of a fund and its shareholders.

(ii) Investment advisor

The investment advisor is usually the investment management company which ordinarily sponsors or organizes the mutual fund. The duties of the investment advisor are similar to those of the investment management company and include the management of the fund's investments and performance of certain administrative, clerical, bookkeeping and accounting services as set forth in the investment advisory agreement.

(iii) Underwriter-distributor

The underwriter-distributor is usually connected with the investment advisor, but this is not always the case. The underwriter-distributor must register as a broker-dealer with the SEC and must join the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.

(iv) Custodian

The mutual fund usually appoints a bank to hold its securities and other assets as custodian. The requirements for becoming a custodian of a mutual fund are that the entity be either a bank having aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits of not less than U.S.$500,000, be a member of a national securities exchange, or be a central certificate depositary established by a national securities exchange or a registered national securities association. A mutual fund may act as its own custodian under certain circumstances. f. Governing Laws and Competent Authorities (i) Governing laws regarding the creation and operation of a mutual fund created as a Delaware statutory trust See “PART II. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE FUND- I.1 (4) Outline of Laws Regulating the Fund in the Jurisdiction Where Established.” (ii) Outline of the Supervisory Authorities A Delaware statutory trust which operates as a registered investment company is subject to supervision by the SEC and the securities authorities of the various U.S. states.

See “PART II. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE FUND- I.1 (6) Outline of the Supervisory Authority.”

g. Dissolution, Termination, etc.

(i) Dissolution and termination

Under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, the dissolution and termination of a statutory trust are governed by the Agreement and Declaration of Trust. Subject to the terms of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and applicable securities laws, dissolution and termination may require approval of the trust's board of trustees, notification of shareholders and the filing of appropriate documents with the SEC. To liquidate a trust, all of the assets of the trust must be distributed to its creditors and shareholders in accordance with applicable law.

(ii) Amendments to the trust agreements

Amendments to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of a statutory trust are governed by the terms of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and applicable securities laws and, subject to the terms of the applicable Agreement and Declaration of Trust and securities laws, may be made by vote or with the written

consent of the trustees and, as to some matters which might have detrimental effects upon the shareholders or as may be required by the 1940 Act, by approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares. h. Taxation of the Delaware statutory trust

If a fund complies with the conditions contained in Section 851 of the Code, the fund will qualify as a regulated investment company. If a fund distributes all of its net investment income and net capital gains, if any, to shareholders annually, it will be relieved of any federal income tax liability. Income dividends and net short-term gains distributions received by shareholders are taxable as ordinary income. Net long-term gains distributions received by shareholders are taxable as long-term capital gains regardless of how long the shareholder has held the shares of the fund.

IV. MISCELLANEOUS

(1) With respect to "Part II. Information concerning the Fund -1. Description of the Fund - 5. STATUS OF INVESTMENT FUND” and “III. Financial Conditions of the Fund”, the latest data after the filing date of the Securities Registration Statements which becomes available from time to time may be attached to the Prospectuses using charts or graphs. In addition, the foreign exchange which is relevant to the Fund may be included.

(2) There are cases where the Fund obtains evaluation or rating from the rating agencies, etc. and uses such evaluation or rating.

(3) Logo marks of the distributors and/or the Fund may be indicated and the ornamental designs may be used on the cover page and the back cover page of the Japanese Prospectus. Also explanations of the logo marks may be indicated.

(4) In the Mandatory Prospectus, the following sentences will be described:

“The Explanatory Brochure (Mandatory Prospectus) is a prospectus prepared pursuant to the provisions of Article 13 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law (Law No. 25 of 1948, as amended)”.

“If investors require more detailed information about the Fund, the Prospectus on Request is to be delivered to them by Distributor in Japan if requested by the investors. Please note that when an investor requests the Prospectus on Request, he/she needs to record the fact of his/her requesting by him/herself.”

(5) On the cover page of the Prospectus on Request, the following sentence will be described:

“The Prospectus on Request is the one which will be delivered upon a request from an investor under Paragraph 3 of Article 15 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and an investor needs to record the fact of requesting it when he/she requests.”

(6) The followings may be described in the Japanese Prospectus:

(i) Investors should read carefully the Prospectus before investing in the Fund.

(ii) As material items, outlines of market risks, credit risks, foreign exchange risks, and the possibility that investors will incur losses of their principal invested as the principal is not guaranteed and a net asset value per unit will be depreciated.

(iii) It is necessary to open the Foreign Securities Transactions Account.

(iv) A statement to the effect that “The provisions of Article 37-6 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law (the so-called “cooling-off” requirement) do not apply to transactions made in relation to the Fund.”

(v) The funds are different from deposit or saving.

(7) The most recent record of the performance of the Fund may be set forth in the Mandatory Prospectus.

(8) No Share certificates of the Fund shall be issued.


To: Director of Kanto Local Finance Bureau

	Filing Date of SRS: June 30, 2017

Name of the Registrant Trust:	VANGUARD INDEX FUNDS


Name of Representative:	F. William McNabb III
	Chairman and Chief Executive Officer


Address of Principal Office:	100 Vanguard Boulevard,
	Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355
	U.S.A.


Name and Title of Registration Agent:	Ken Miura
	Attorney-at-Law

Address or Place of Business	Mori Hamada & Matsumoto
	Marunouchi Park Building,
	6-1, Marunouchi 2-chome
	Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Name of Liaison Contact:	Ken Miura
	Nobuharu Onishi


Place of Liaison Contact:	Mori Hamada & Matsumoto
	Marunouchi Park Building,
	6-1, Marunouchi 2-chome
	Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo


Phone Number:	03-6212-8316