Investment Securities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Investment Securities

Investment Securities

2. Investment Securities

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, investment securities consisted predominantly of the following investment categories:

U.S. Treasury and debt securities – includes U.S. Treasury notes and debt securities issued by government agencies.

Mortgage-backed securities – includes securities backed by notes or receivables secured by mortgage assets with cash flows based on actual or scheduled payments.

Collateralized mortgage obligations – includes securities backed by a pool of mortgages with cash flows distributed based on certain rules rather than pass through payments.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, all of the Company’s investment securities were classified as available-for-sale. Amortized cost and fair value of securities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

	September 30, 2021								December 31, 2020
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair		Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
(dollars in thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value		Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
U.S. Treasury and government agency debt securities	$	188,861	$	552	$	(1,552)	$	187,861	$	170,123	$	1,359	$	(61)	$	171,421
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential - Government agency		95,337		2,797		—		98,134		155,169		5,293		—		160,462
Residential - Government-sponsored enterprises		1,455,375		9,944		(6,441)		1,458,878		434,282		13,643		(725)		447,200
Commercial - Government agency		449,147		4,653		(5,206)		448,594		583,232		16,537		(119)		599,650
Commercial - Government-sponsored enterprises		1,337,925		4,008		(40,684)		1,301,249		931,095		9,045		(7,983)		932,157
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Government agency		2,053,171		16,316		(9,623)		2,059,864		1,902,326		32,246		(1,019)		1,933,553
Government-sponsored enterprises		2,414,450		7,506		(22,809)		2,399,147		1,808,804		18,991		(823)		1,826,972
Total available-for-sale securities	$	7,994,266	$	45,776	$	(86,315)	$	7,953,727	$	5,985,031	$	97,114	$	(10,730)	$	6,071,415

Accrued interest receivable related to available-for-sale investment securities was $12.8 million and $10.6 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and is recorded separately from the amortized cost basis of investment securities on the Company’s unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets.

Proceeds from calls and sales of investment securities were $0.7 million and nil, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2021, and $1.1 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Proceeds from calls and sales of investment securities were nil for the three months ended September 30, 2020, and $101.7 million and $543.0 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company recorded gross realized gains of nil and gross realized losses of nil for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and gross realized gains of $0.1 million and gross realized losses of nil for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company recorded gross realized gains of nil and gross realized losses of nil for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and gross realized gains of $0.6 million and gross realized losses of $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The income tax expense related to the Company’s net realized gains on the sale of investment securities was nil during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The income tax benefit related to the net realized loss on the sale of investment securities was nil during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. Gains and losses realized on sales of securities are determined using the specific identification method.

Interest income from taxable investment securities was $22.9 million and $20.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and $67.5 million and $59.0 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Interest income from non-taxable investment securities was $2.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and $5.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and government agencies as of September 30, 2021, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are disclosed separately in the table below as remaining expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities as borrowers have the right to prepay obligations.

	September 30, 2021
	Amortized		Fair
(dollars in thousands)	Cost		Value
Due in one year or less	$	—	$	—
Due after one year through five years		41,481		41,777
Due after five years through ten years		83,227		82,733
Due after ten years		64,153		63,351
		188,861		187,861
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential - Government agency		95,337		98,134
Residential - Government-sponsored enterprises		1,455,375		1,458,878
Commercial - Government agency		449,147		448,594
Commercial - Government-sponsored enterprises		1,337,925		1,301,249
Total mortgage-backed securities		3,337,784		3,306,855
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Government agency		2,053,171		2,059,864
Government-sponsored enterprises		2,414,450		2,399,147
Total collateralized mortgage obligations		4,467,621		4,459,011
Total available-for-sale securities	$	7,994,266	$	7,953,727

At September 30, 2021, pledged securities totaled $3.6 billion, of which $3.4 billion was pledged to secure public deposits and $193.1 million was pledged to secure other financial transactions. At December 31, 2020, pledged securities totaled $2.4 billion, of which $2.3 billion was pledged to secure public deposits and $186.1 million was pledged to secure other financial transactions.

The Company held no securities of any single issuer, other than debt securities issued by the U.S. government, government agencies and government-sponsored enterprises, taken in the aggregate, which were in excess of 10% of stockholders’ equity as of September 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

The following tables present the unrealized gross losses and fair values of securities in the available-for-sale portfolio by length of time that the 230 and 50 individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The unrealized losses on investment securities were attributable to changes in interest rates, relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and not due to the credit quality of the investment securities.

	Time in Continuous Loss as of September 30, 2021
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Unrealized				Unrealized				Unrealized
(dollars in thousands)	Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury and government agency debt securities	$	(1,552)	$	128,093	$	—	$	—	$	(1,552)	$	128,093
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential - Government-sponsored enterprises		(5,799)		818,313		(642)		20,693		(6,441)		839,006
Commercial - Government agency		(4,960)		230,013		(246)		6,901		(5,206)		236,914
Commercial - Government-sponsored enterprises		(27,869)		874,759		(12,815)		159,985		(40,684)		1,034,744
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Government agency		(9,623)		936,557		—		—		(9,623)		936,557
Government-sponsored enterprises		(22,809)		1,611,979		—		—		(22,809)		1,611,979
Total available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses	$	(72,612)	$	4,599,714	$	(13,703)	$	187,579	$	(86,315)	$	4,787,293

	Time in Continuous Loss as of December 31, 2020
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Unrealized				Unrealized				Unrealized
(dollars in thousands)	Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury and government agency debt securities	$	(61)	$	38,507	$	—	$	—	$	(61)	$	38,507
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential - Government-sponsored enterprises		(725)		64,987		—		—		(725)		64,987
Commercial - Government agency		(119)		32,346		—		—		(119)		32,346
Commercial - Government-sponsored enterprises		(7,983)		427,759		—		—		(7,983)		427,759
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Government agency		(994)		209,124		(25)		6,190		(1,019)		215,314
Government-sponsored enterprises		(823)		296,160		—		—		(823)		296,160
Total available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses	$	(10,705)	$	1,068,883	$	(25)	$	6,190	$	(10,730)	$	1,075,073

At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any securities with the intent to sell and determined it was more likely than not that the Company would not be required to sell the securities prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis. As the Company had the intent and ability to hold the remaining securities in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, each security with an unrealized loss position in the above tables has been further assessed to determine if a credit loss exists. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company did not expect any credit losses in its debt securities and no credit losses were recognized on securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities were comprised entirely of debt, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by the U.S. Government, its agencies and government-sponsored enterprises. Management has concluded that the long history with no credit losses from these issuers indicates an expectation that nonpayment of the amortized cost basis is zero. The Company’s available-for-sale investment securities are explicitly or implicitly fully guaranteed by the U.S. government. The U.S. government can print its own currency and its currency is routinely held by central banks and other major financial institutions. The dollar is used in international commerce, and commonly is viewed as a reserve currency, all of which qualitatively indicates that historical credit loss information should be minimally affected by current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Thus, the Company has not recorded an allowance for credit losses for its available-for-sale debt securities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The Company holds approximately 120,000 Visa Class B restricted shares as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. These shares continued to be carried at $0 cost basis as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.