Recent accounting developments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]

Recent accounting developments

16. Recent accounting developments

The following table provides a description of accounting standards that were adopted by the Company in 2023 as well as standards that are not effective that could have an impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Standard	Description	Required date of adoption	Effect on consolidated financial statements
Standards Adopted in 2023
Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers in a Business Combination	The amendments require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with specified revenue recognition guidance. At the acquisition date, an acquirer should account for the related revenue contracts as if it had originated the contracts and may assess how the acquiree applied the revenue guidance to determine what to record for such contracts. The guidance is generally expected to result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements.	January 1, 2023	The Company adopted the amended guidance effective January 1, 2023 using a prospective transition method and the guidance will be applied, as applicable, to future acquisitions. The Company does not expect the guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value Hedging of Multiple Hedge Layers under Portfolio Layer Method	The amendments allow multiple hedged layers to be designated for a single closed portfolio of financial assets or one or more beneficial interests secured by a portfolio of financial instruments. If multiple hedged layers are designated, the amendments require an analysis to be performed to support the expectation that the aggregate amount of the hedged layers is anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedge periods. Only closed portfolios may be hedged under the portfolio layer method (that is, no assets can be added to the closed portfolio once established), however designating new hedging relationships and dedesignating existing hedging relationships associated with the closed portfolio any time after the closed portfolio is established is permitted.	January 1, 2023	At January 1, 2023 the Company did not have any designated hedging relationships under the portfolio layer method and, therefore, the adoption had no impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Accounting for Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) and Expansion of Vintage Disclosures Applicable to Credit Losses	The amendments (1) eliminate the accounting guidance for TDRs and require enhanced disclosure for certain loan refinancings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) require disclosure of current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within credit loss disclosures.	January 1, 2023	The Company adopted the amended guidance effective January 1, 2023 using a prospective transition method and will no longer be required to identify TDRs and apply specialized accounting to such loans. The Company has complied with the modified disclosure requirements in note 4 of Notes to Financial Statements herein.

16. Recent accounting developments, continued

Standard	Description	Required date of adoption	Effect on consolidated financial statements
Standards Not Yet Adopted as of September 30, 2023
Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	The amendments clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The amendments also clarify that an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. In addition, the amendments require the following disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions: 1. The fair value of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions reflected in the balance sheet; 2. The nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s); and 3. The circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s).	January 1, 2024 Early adoption permitted	The amendments should be applied prospectively with any adjustments from the adoption of the amendments recognized in earnings and disclosed on the date of adoption. The Company does not expect the guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method	The amendments permit an election to account for tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. Under the proportional amortization method, the initial cost of the investment is amortized in proportion to the income tax credits and other income tax benefits received and the net amortization and income tax credits and other income tax benefits are recognized in the income statement as a component of income tax expense (benefit). All of the following conditions must be met to qualify for the proportional amortization method: 1. It is probable that the income tax credits allocable to the tax equity investor will be available. 2. The tax equity investor does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the underlying project. 3. Substantially all of the projected benefits are from income tax credits and other income tax benefits. Projected benefits include income tax credits, other income tax benefits, and other non-income-tax-related benefits. The projected benefits are determined on a discounted basis, using a discount rate that is consistent with the cash flow assumptions used by the tax equity investor in making its decision to invest in the project. 4. The tax equity investor’s projected yield based solely on the cash flows from the income tax credits and other income tax benefits is positive. 5. The tax equity investor is a limited liability investor in the limited liability entity for both legal and tax purposes, and the tax equity investor’s liability is limited to its capital investment. To apply the proportional amortization method, an accounting policy election must be made on a tax-credit-program-by-tax-credit-program basis rather than electing to apply the proportional amortization method at the reporting entity level or to individual investments. When applying the proportional amortization method to qualifying tax equity investments the receipt of the investment tax credits must be accounted for using the flow-through method as prescribed by GAAP, even if the deferral method is applied to other investment tax credits received. In addition, all tax equity investments accounted for using the proportional amortization method must use the delayed equity contribution guidance (which requires that a liability be recognized for delayed equity contributions that are unconditional and legally binding or for equity contributions that are contingent upon a future event when that contingent event becomes probable).	January 1, 2024 Early adoption permitted	The amendments should be applied on either a modified retrospective or a retrospective basis. Under a modified retrospective transition, all investments for which income tax credits or other income tax benefits are still expected to be received must be evaluated as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The assessment of whether the investment qualifies for the proportional amortization method is performed as of the date the investment was entered into. A cumulative-effect adjustment reflecting the difference between the previous method used to account for the tax equity investment and the application of the proportional amortization method since the investment was entered into is recognized in the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Under a retrospective transition, all investments for which income tax credits or other income tax benefits are still expected to be received must be evaluated as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. The assessment of whether the investment qualifies for the proportional amortization method is performed as of the date the investment was entered into. A cumulative-effect adjustment reflecting the difference between the previous method used to account for the tax equity investment and the application of the proportional amortization method since the investment was entered into is recognized in the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. The Company does not expect the guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

16. Recent accounting developments, continued

Business Combinations Joint Venture Formations The amendments require that a joint venture apply the following key adaptations from the business combinations guidance upon formation:   1. A joint venture is the formation of a new entity without an accounting acquirer. The formation of a joint venture is the creation of a new reporting entity, and none of the assets and/or businesses contributed to the joint venture are viewed as having survived the combination as an independent entity—that is, an accounting acquirer will not be identified. 2. A joint venture measures its identifiable net assets and goodwill, if any, at the formation date. The joint venture formation date is the date on which an entity initially meets the definition of a joint venture. 3. Initial measurement of a joint venture’s total net assets is equal to the fair value of 100 percent of the joint venture’s equity. The amendments require that a joint venture measure its total net assets upon formation as the fair value of the joint venture as a whole. The fair value of the joint venture as a whole equals the fair value of 100 percent of a joint venture’s equity immediately following formation (including any noncontrolling interest in the net assets recognized by the joint venture). 4. A joint venture provides relevant disclosures. The amendments require disclosures to help a user of a joint venture’s financial statements understand the nature and financial effect of the joint venture formation in the period in which the formation date occurs. Joint venture disclosure requirements upon formation are different from the requirements for business combinations. January 1, 2025 Early adoption permitted The amendments should be applied on a prospective basis for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. A joint venture that was formed before January 1, 2025 may elect to apply the amendments retrospectively if sufficient information is available. The Company does not expect the guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.