Mortgage Servicing Rights (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Changes in fair value of capitalized MSRs are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in Millions)	2023			2022			2023			2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,633		$	3,707		$	3,755		$	2,953
Rights purchased		1			1			3			7
Rights capitalized		106			134			301			473
Rights sold (a)		(292	)		—			(440	)		1
Changes in fair value of MSRs
Due to fluctuations in market interest rates (b)		219			153			265			810
Due to revised assumptions or models (c)		16			(5	)		—			(26	)
Other changes in fair value (d)		(101	)		(121	)		(302	)		(349	)
Balance at end of period	$	3,582		$	3,869		$	3,582		$	3,869

(a)	MSRs sold include those having a negative fair value, resulting from the loans being severely delinquent.

(b)	Includes changes in MSR value associated with changes in market interest rates, including estimated prepayment rates and anticipated earnings on escrow deposits.

(c)	Includes changes in MSR value not caused by changes in market interest rates, such as changes in assumed cost to service, ancillary income and option adjusted spread, as well as the impact of any model changes.

(d)	Primarily the change in MSR value from passage of time and cash flows realized (decay), but also includes the impact of changes to expected cash flows not associated with changes in market interest rates, such as the impact of delinquencies.

The estimated sensitivity to changes in interest rates of the fair value of the MSR portfolio and the related derivative instruments was as follows:


	September 30, 2023																		December 31, 2022
(Dollars in Millions)	Down 100 bps			Down 50 bps			Down 25 bps			Up 25 bps			Up 50 bps			Up 100 bps			Down 100 bps			Down 50 bps			Down 25 bps			Up 25 bps			Up 50 bps			Up 100 bps
MSR portfolio	$	(264	)	$	(120	)	$	(57	)	$	51		$	96		$	172		$	(334	)	$	(153	)	$	(73	)	$	66		$	125		$	224
Derivative instrument hedges		262			117			55			(49	)		(93	)		(169	)		337			153			73			(67	)		(127	)		(236	)
Net sensitivity	$	(2	)	$	(3	)	$	(2	)	$	2		$	3		$	3		$	3		$	—		$	—		$	(1	)	$	(2	)	$	(12	)

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s MSRs and related characteristics by portfolio:


	September 30, 2023												December 31, 2022
(Dollars in Millions)	HFA			Government			Conventional (d)			Total			HFA			Government			Conventional (d)			Total
Servicing portfolio (a)	$	46,729		$	25,756		$	151,691		$	224,176		$	44,071		$	23,141		$	172,541		$	239,753
Fair value	$	795		$	539		$	2,248		$	3,582		$	725		$	454		$	2,576		$	3,755
Value (bps) (b)		170			209			148			160			165			196			149			157
Weighted-average servicing fees (bps)		36			44			26			30			36			42			27			30
Multiple (value/servicing fees)		4.74			4.76			5.77			5.34			4.56			4.69			5.52			5.20
Weighted-average note rate		4.43	%		4.16	%		3.75	%		3.94	%		4.16	%		3.81	%		3.52	%		3.67	%
Weighted-average age (in years)		4.3			5.5			4.1			4.3			4.0			5.7			3.7			3.9
Weighted-average expected prepayment (constant prepayment rate)		8.8	%		9.4	%		7.7	%		8.1	%		7.4	%		8.5	%		7.8	%		7.8	%
Weighted-average expected life (in years)		7.9			7.2			7.5			7.5			8.8			7.6			7.5			7.7
Weighted-average option adjusted spread (c)		5.4	%		5.9	%		4.6	%		4.9	%		7.6	%		6.9	%		5.1	%		5.8	%

(a)	Represents principal balance of mortgages having corresponding MSR asset.

(b)	Calculated as fair value divided by the servicing portfolio.

(c)	Option adjusted spread is the incremental spread added to the risk-free rate to reflect optionality and other risk inherent in the MSRs.

(d)	Represents loans sold primarily to GSEs.