Note 6

Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Company capitalizes MSRs as separate assets when loans are sold and servicing is retained. MSRs may also be purchased from others. The Company carries MSRs at fair value, with changes in the fair value recorded in earnings during the period in which they occur. The Company serviced $234.8 billion of residential mortgage loans for others at June 30, 2018, and $234.7 billion at December 31, 2017, including subserviced mortgages with no corresponding MSR asset. The net impact included in mortgage banking revenue of fair value changes of MSRs due to changes in valuation assumptions and derivatives used to economically hedge MSRs were net gains of $24 million and $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $43 million and $17 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Loan servicing and ancillary fees, not including valuation changes, included in mortgage banking revenue were $185 million and $186 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $375 million and $378 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Changes in fair value of capitalized MSRs are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30						Six Months Ended June 30
(Dollars in Millions)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Balance at beginning of period	$	2,780		$	2,642		$	2,645		$	2,591
Rights purchased		2			4			4			6
Rights capitalized		97			82			197			204
Changes in fair value of MSRs
Due to fluctuations in market interest rates (a)		38			(50	)		152			(30	)
Due to revised assumptions or models (b)		26			5			50			17
Other changes in fair value (c)		(99	)		(101	)		(204	)		(206	)
Balance at end of period	$	2,844		$	2,582		$	2,844		$	2,582

(a)

Includes changes in MSR value associated with changes in market interest rates, including estimated prepayment rates and anticipated earnings on escrow deposits.

(b)

Includes changes in MSR value not caused by changes in market interest rates, such as changes in cost to service, ancillary income and option adjusted spread, as well as the impact of any model changes.

(c)

Primarily represents changes due to realization of expected cash flows over time (decay).

The estimated sensitivity to changes in interest rates of the fair value of the MSR portfolio and the related derivative instruments was as follows:


	June 30, 2018																		December 31, 2017
(Dollars in Millions)	Down 100 bps			Down 50 bps			Down 25 bps			Up 25 bps			Up 50 bps			Up 100 bps			Down 100 bps			Down 50 bps			Down 25 bps			Up 25 bps			Up 50 bps			Up 100 bps
MSR portfolio	$	(469	)	$	(207	)	$	(97	)	$	84		$	154		$	263		$	(520	)	$	(231	)	$	(109	)	$	95		$	177		$	302
Derivative instrument hedges		422			197			94			(85	)		(160	)		(290	)		453			216			105			(96	)		(184	)		(336	)
Net sensitivity	$	(47	)	$	(10	)	$	(3	)	$	(1	)	$	(6	)	$	(27	)	$	(67	)	$	(15	)	$	(4	)	$	(1	)	$	(7	)	$	(34	)

The fair value of MSRs and their sensitivity to changes in interest rates is influenced by the mix of the servicing portfolio and characteristics of each segment of the portfolio. The Company’s servicing portfolio consists of the distinct portfolios of government-insured mortgages, conventional mortgages and Housing Finance Agency (“HFA”) mortgages. The servicing portfolios are predominantly comprised of fixed-rate agency loans with limited adjustable-rate or jumbo mortgage loans. The HFA servicing portfolio is comprised of loans originated under state and local housing authority program guidelines which assist purchases by first-time or low- to moderate-income homebuyers through a favorable rate subsidy, down payment and/or closing cost assistance on government- and conventional-insured mortgages.

A summary of the Company’s MSRs and related characteristics by portfolio was as follows:


	June 30, 2018												December 31, 2017
(Dollars in Millions)	HFA			Government			Conventional (c)			Total			HFA			Government			Conventional (c)			Total
Servicing portfolio (a)	$	42,398		$	36,543		$	153,805		$	232,746		$	40,737		$	36,756		$	155,353		$	232,846
Fair value	$	510		$	468		$	1,866		$	2,844		$	450		$	428		$	1,767		$	2,645
Value (bps) (b)		120			128			121			122			110			116			114			114
Weighted-average servicing fees (bps)		34			35			27			29			35			34			27			29
Multiple (value/servicing fees)		3.49			3.68			4.54			4.15			3.17			3.38			4.24			3.86
Weighted-average note rate		4.49	%		3.94	%		4.03	%		4.10	%		4.43	%		3.92	%		4.02	%		4.08	%
Weighted-average age (in years)		3.2			4.4			4.3			4.1			3.0			4.3			4.2			4.0
Weighted-average expected prepayment (constant prepayment rate)		9.3	%		10.5	%		8.7	%		9.1	%		9.8	%		11.6	%		9.7	%		10.0	%
Weighted-average expected life (in years)		8.0			6.9			7.3			7.4			7.7			6.5			6.9			7.0
Weighted-average option adjusted spread (d)		8.8	%		8.4	%		7.3	%		7.8	%		9.9	%		9.2	%		7.2	%		8.0	%

(a)

Represents principal balance of mortgages having corresponding MSR asset.

(b)

Calculated as fair value divided by the servicing portfolio.

(c)

Represents loans sold primarily to GSEs.

(d)

Option adjusted spread is the incremental spread added to the risk-free rate to reflect optionality and other risk inherent in the MSRs.