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Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses [Abstract] 
Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses

Note 5 – Loans And Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans held for investment are stated at the amount of unpaid principal, reduced by unearned income and an allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans is calculated by using the simple interest method on daily balances of the principal amounts outstanding. The Company defers and amortizes net loan origination fees and costs as an adjustment to yield. The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense. Loans are charged against the allowance for loan losses when management believes the collectibility of the principal is unlikely.

The allowance is an amount management believes is appropriate to absorb estimated inherent losses on existing loans that are deemed uncollectible based upon management's review and evaluation of the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is comprised of three elements: (i) specific reserves determined in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance based on probable losses on specific classified loans; (ii) general reserve determined in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance that consider historical loss rates; and (iii) qualitative reserves determined in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance based upon general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. The allowance for loan losses is increased by charges to income and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). Management's periodic evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance is based on general economic conditions, the financial condition of borrowers, the value and liquidity of collateral, delinquency, prior loan loss experience, and the results of periodic reviews of the portfolio. For purposes of determining the general reserve, the loan portfolio, less cash secured loans, government guaranteed loans and classified loans, is multiplied by the Company's historical loss rate. The Company's methodology is constructed so that specific allocations are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality and a corresponding increase in risk of loss. In addition, the Company adjusts the allowance for qualitative factors such as current local economic conditions and trends, including changes in unemployment, lending staff, policies and procedures, credit concentrations, the trends and severity of problem loans and trends in volume and terms of loans. This additional allocation based on qualitative factors serves to compensate for additional areas of uncertainty inherent in our portfolio that are not reflected in our historic loss factors. Accrual of interest is discontinued on a loan and payments applied to principal when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, the borrower's financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful. Generally all loans past due greater than 90 days, based on contractual terms, are placed on non-accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Consumer loans are generally charged-off when a loan becomes past due 90 days. For other loans in the portfolio, facts and circumstances are evaluated in making charge-off decisions.

Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. If a loan is impaired, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.

The Company's policy requires measurement of the allowance for an impaired collateral dependent loan based on the fair value of the collateral. Other loan impairments are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows or the loan's observable market price. At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, all significant impaired loans have been determined to be collateral dependent and the allowance for loss has been measured utilizing the estimated fair value of the collateral.

 

From time to time, the Company modifies its loan agreement with a borrower. A modified loan is considered a troubled debt restructuring when two conditions are met: (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (ii) concessions are made by the Company that would not otherwise be considered for a borrower with similar credit risk characteristics. Modifications to loan terms may include a lower interest rate, a reduction of principal, or a longer term to maturity. To date, these troubled debt restructurings have been such that, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, the collection of interest is doubtful and therefore the loan has been placed on non-accrual. Each of these loans is evaluated for impairment and a specific reserve is recorded based on probable losses, taking into consideration the related collateral and modified loan terms and cash flow. As of September 30, 2011, all of the Company's troubled debt restructured loans are included in the non-accrual totals.

The Company originates mortgage loans primarily for sale in the secondary market. Accordingly, these loans are classified as held for sale and are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The mortgage loan sales contracts contain indemnification clauses should the loans default, generally in the first sixty to ninety days or if documentation is determined not to be in compliance with regulations. The Company's historic losses as a result of these indemnities have been insignificant.

Loans acquired, including loans acquired in a business combination, that have evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts contractually owed, are initially recorded at fair value with no valuation allowance. The difference between the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loan, is recognized as interest income on a level-yield method over the life of the loan. Contractually required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition are not recognized as a yield adjustment. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the initial investment are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loan over its remaining life. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment. Valuation allowances on these impaired loans reflect only losses incurred after the acquisition.

The Company has certain lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to maximize loan income with an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis and makes changes as appropriate. Management receives frequent reports related to loan originations, quality, concentrations, delinquencies, non-performing and potential problem loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions, both by type of loan and geography.

Commercial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower's ability to operate profitably and effectively. Underwriting standards are designed to determine whether the borrower possesses sound business ethics and practices and to evaluate current and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay their obligations as agreed. Commercial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and, secondarily, on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, and include personal guarantees.

Agricultural loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial loans. Agricultural loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and, secondarily, on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. Most agricultural loans are secured by the agriculture related assets being financed, such as farm land, cattle or equipment, and include personal guarantees.

Real estate loans are also subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and agricultural loans. These loans are underwritten primarily based on projected cash flows and, secondarily, as loans secured by real estate. The repayment of real estate loans is generally largely dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loans or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The properties securing the Company's real estate portfolio are generally diverse in terms of type and geographic location, through central, north and west Texas. This diversity helps reduce the exposure to adverse economic events that affect any single market or industry. Generally real estate loans are owner occupied which further reduces the Company's risk.

The Company utilizes methodical credit standards and analysis to supplement its policies and procedures in underwriting consumer loans. The Company's loan policy addresses types of consumer loans that may be originated and the collateral, if secured, that must be perfected. The relatively smaller individual dollar amounts of consumer loans that are spread over numerous individual borrowers also minimizes the Company's risk.

Major classifications of loans are as follows (in thousands):

 

     September 30,      December 31,  
     2011      2010      2010  

Commercial, financial and agricultural

   $ 500,106       $ 462,024       $ 524,757   

Real estate – construction

     88,366         85,145         91,815   

Real estate – mortgage

     932,859         807,256         883,710   

Consumer

     207,501         183,283         190,064   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Loans

   $ 1,728,832       $ 1,537,708       $ 1,690,346   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Included in real estate-mortgage loans above are $6.3 million, $8.9 million and $13.2 million, respectively, in loans held for sale at September 30, 2011 and 2010 and December 31, 2010 in which the carrying amounts approximate fair value.

The Company's non-accrual loans, loans still accruing and past due 90 days or more and restructured loans are as follows (in thousands):

 

The Company's recorded investment in impaired loans and the related valuation allowance are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

The average recorded investment in impaired loans for the quarter and nine-months ended September 30, 2011 and the year ended December 31, 2010 was approximately $18,001,000, $18,746,000 and $17,242,000, respectively. The Company had approximately $27,904,000 and $25,950,000 in non-accrual, past due 90 days still accruing, restructured loans and foreclosed assets at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Non-accrual loans totaled $17.6 million and $15.4 million, respectively, of this amount and consisted of (in thousands):

 

     September 30,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Commercial

   $ 3,644       $ 1,403   

Agricultural

     193         3,030   

Real Estate

     13,557         10,675   

Consumer

     204         337   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 17,598       $ 15,445   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Company's impaired loans and related allowance as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are summarized in the following table (in thousands). No interest income was recognized on impaired loans subsequent to their classification as impaired.

 

Interest payments received on impaired loans are recorded as interest income unless collections of the remaining recorded investment are doubtful, at which time payments received are recorded as reductions of principal. The Company recognized interest income on impaired loans of approximately $425,000 during the year ended December 31, 2010. If interest on impaired loans had been recognized on a full accrual basis during the year ended December 31, 2010, such income would have approximated $1,479,000. Such amounts for the three-months and nine-months ended September 30, 2011 were not significant.

From a credit risk standpoint, the Company classifies its loans in one of four categories: (i) pass, (ii) special mention, (iii) substandard or (iv) doubtful. Loans classified as loss are charged-off.

 

The classifications of loans reflect a judgment about the risks of default and loss associated with the loan. Updates to internally assigned classifications are made monthly and/or upon significant developments. Ratings are adjusted to reflect the degree of risk and loss that is believed to be inherent in each credit as of each monthly reporting period. Our methodology is structured so that specific allocations are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality (and a corresponding increase in risk and loss) or decreased in accordance with improvement in credit quality (and a corresponding decrease in risk and loss).

Credits rated special mention show clear signs of financial weaknesses or deterioration in credit worthiness, however, such concerns are not so pronounced that the Company generally expects to experience significant loss within the short-term. Such credits typically maintain the ability to perform within standard credit terms and credit exposure is not as prominent as credits rated more harshly.

Credits rated substandard are those in which the normal repayment of principal and interest may be, or has been, jeopardized by reason of adverse trends or developments of a financial, managerial, economic or political nature, or important weaknesses exist in collateral. A protracted workout on these credits is a distinct possibility. Prompt corrective action is therefore required to strengthen the Company's position, and/or to reduce exposure and to assure that appropriate remedial measures are taken by the borrower. Credit exposure becomes more likely in such credits and a serious evaluation of the secondary support to the credit is performed.

Credits rated doubtful are those in which full collection of principal appears highly questionable, and which some degree of loss is anticipated, even thought the ultimate amount of loss may not yet be certain and/or other factors exist which could affect collection of debt. Based upon available information, positive action by the Company is required to avert or minimize loss. Credits rated doubtful are generally also placed on nonaccrual.

At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the following summarizes the Company's internal ratings of its loans (in thousands):

 

 

At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company's past due loans are as follows (in thousands):

 

The allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, and December 31, 2010, is presented below. Management has evaluated the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses by estimating the probable losses in various categories of the loan portfolio, which are identified below (in thousands):

 

     September 30,      December 31,  
     2011      2010      2010  

Allowance for loan losses provided for:

        

Loans specifically evaluated as impaired

   $ 4,211       $ 2,633       $ 3,152   

Remaining portfolio

     30,090         27,380         27,954   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total allowance for loan losses

   $ 34,301       $ 30,013       $ 31,106   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table details the allowance for loan loss at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 by portfolio segment (in thousands). Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.

 

 

Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 are summarized as follows (in thousands):

For the three month period ended September 30, 2011:

 

The Company's recorded investment in loans as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 related to the balance in the allowance for loan losses on the basis of the Company's impairment methodology was as follows (in thousands):

 

The Company's loans that were modified in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2011 and considered a troubled debt restructuring are as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three-months ended September 30, 2011      Nine-months ended September 30, 2011  
     Number      Pre-Modification
Recorded Investment
     Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
     Number      Pre-Modification
Recorded Investment
     Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 

Commercial

     2       $ 82       $ 82         2       $ 82       $ 82   

Agricultural

     —           —           —           2         2,479         2,479   

Real Estate

     1         1,386         1,386         5         1,569         1,569   

Consumer

     —           —           —           —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     3       $ 1,468       $ 1,468         9       $ 4,130       $ 4,130   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

The balances below provide information as to how the loans were modified as troubled debt restructured loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011.

 

     Three months ended
September 30, 2011
     Nine months ended
September 30, 2011
 
     Adjusted
Interest
Rate
     Extended
Maturity
     Combined
Rate and
Maturity
     Adjusted
Interest
Rate
     Extended
Maturity
     Combined
Rate and
Maturity
 

Commercial

   $ —         $ 82       $ —         $ —         $ 82       $ —     

Agricultural

     —           —           —           —           2,479         —     

Real Estate

     —           1,386         —           —           1,468         101   

Consumer

     —           —           —           —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ —         $ 1,468       $ —         $ —         $ 4,029       $ 101   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

There were no loans modified as a troubled debt restructured loan within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011. A default for purposes of this disclosure is a troubled debt restructured loan in which the borrower is 90 days past due or results in the foreclosure and repossession of the applicable collateral.

As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company has no commitments to lend additional funds to loan customers whose terms have been modified in troubled debt restructurings.

Certain of our subsidiary banks have established lines of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas to provide liquidity and meet pledging requirements for those customers eligible to have securities pledged to secure certain uninsured deposits. At September 30, 2011, approximately $710.7 million in loans held by these subsidiaries were subject to blanket liens as security for these lines of credit. At September 30, 2011, $79.9 million in letters of credit issued by the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas were outstanding under these lines of credit. These letters of credit were pledged as collateral for public funds deposits held by subsidiary banks.