Exhibit 32.1

OSCIENT PHARMACEUTICALS CORPORATION

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Oscient Pharmaceuticals Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Steven M. Rauscher, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/    STEVEN M. RAUSCHER        

Steven M. Rauscher

President & Chief Executive Officer

Date: February 5, 2008