For the periods indicated, the following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans which is recorded as a contra asset, and the reserve for unfunded commitments which is recorded on the balance sheet within other liabilities:


	Allowance for credit losses – Three months ended March 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	35,077	$	—	$	—	$	1,610	$	36,687
CRE owner occupied	15,081		—		—		1,030		16,111
Multifamily	14,418		—		—		1,264		15,682
Farmland	4,288		—		—		(593)		3,695
Total commercial real estate loans	68,864		—		—		3,311		72,175
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	14,009		(26)		—		157		14,140
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	10,273		(32)		49		(348)		9,942
Other	3,171		(250)		40		398		3,359
Total consumer loans	27,453		(308)		89		207		27,441
Commercial and industrial	12,750		(130)		22		(775)		11,867
Construction	8,856		—		—		306		9,162
Agriculture production	3,589		(837)		21		935		3,708
Leases	10		—		—		31		41
Allowance for credit losses on loans	121,522		(1,275)		132		4,015		124,394
Reserve for unfunded commitments	5,850		—		—		290		6,140
Total	$	127,372	$	(1,275)	$	132	$	4,305	$	130,534

In determining the allowance for credit losses, accruing loans with similar risk characteristics are generally evaluated collectively. To estimate expected losses the Company generally utilizes historical loss trends and the remaining contractual lives of the loan portfolios to determine estimated credit losses through a reasonable and supportable forecast period. Individual loan credit quality indicators including loan grade and borrower repayment performance have been statistically correlated with historical credit losses and various econometrics, including California unemployment, gross domestic product, and corporate bond yields. Model forecasts may be adjusted for inherent limitations or biases that have been identified through independent validation and back-testing of model performance to actual realized results.

The Company utilizes a forecast period of approximately eight quarters and obtains the forecast data from publicly available sources as of the balance sheet date. This forecast data continues to evolve and includes improving shifts in the magnitude of changes for both the unemployment and GDP factors leading up to the balance sheet date. Despite continued declines on a year over year comparative basis, core inflation remains elevated from wage pressures, and higher living costs such as housing, energy and food prices. Management notes the rapid intervals of rate increases by the Federal Reserve may create repricing risk for certain borrowers and continued inversion of the yield curve, creates informed expectations of the US potentially entering a recession within 12 months. While projected cuts in interest rates from the Federal Reserve during 2024 may improve this outlook, the uncertainty associated with the extent and timing of these potential reductions has inhibited a change to forecasted reserve levels. As a result, management continues to believe that certain credit weaknesses are likely present in the overall economy and that it is appropriate to maintain a reserve level that incorporates such risk factors.


	Allowance for credit losses – Year ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	30,962	$	—	$	—	$	4,115	$	35,077
CRE owner occupied	14,014		(3,637)		2		4,702		15,081
Multifamily	13,132		—		—		1,286		14,418
Farmland	3,273		—		—		1,015		4,288
Total commercial real estate loans	61,381		(3,637)		2		11,118		68,864
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	11,268		—		262		2,479		14,009
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	11,413		(66)		723		(1,797)		10,273
Other	1,958		(558)		190		1,581		3,171
Total consumer loans	24,639		(624)		1,175		2,263		27,453
Commercial and industrial	13,597		(3,879)		316		2,716		12,750
Construction	5,142		—		—		3,714		8,856
Agriculture production	906		—		34		2,649		3,589
Leases	15		—		—		(5)		10
Allowance for credit losses on loans	105,680		(8,140)		1,527		22,455		121,522
Reserve for unfunded commitments	4,315		—		—		1,535		5,850
Total	$	109,995	$	(8,140)	$	1,527	$	23,990	$	127,372


	Allowance for credit losses – Three months ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	30,962	$	—	$	—	$	2,001	$	32,963
CRE owner occupied	14,014		—		—		545		14,559
Multifamily	13,132		—		—		741		13,873
Farmland	3,273		—		—		269		3,542
Total commercial real estate loans	61,381		—		—		3,556		64,937
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	11,268		—		—		652		11,920
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	11,413		(42)		65		(522)		10,914
Other	1,958		(142)		51		195		2,062
Total consumer loans	24,639		(184)		116		325		24,896
Commercial and industrial	13,597		(1,574)		53		(7)		12,069
Construction	5,142		—		—		513		5,655
Agriculture production	906		—		1		(74)		833
Leases	15		—		—		2		17
Allowance for credit losses on loans	105,680		(1,758)		170		4,315		108,407
Reserve for unfunded commitments	4,315		—		—		(120)		4,195
Total	$	109,995	$	(1,758)	$	170	$	4,195	$	112,602

As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including, but not limited to, trends relating to (i) the level of criticized and classified loans, (ii) net charge-offs, (iii) non-performing loans, and (iv) delinquency within the portfolio. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk and grading. This analysis is performed annually for all outstanding balances greater than $1 million and non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial real

estate loans, unless other indicators, such as delinquency, trigger more frequent evaluation. Loans below the $1 million threshold and homogenous in nature are evaluated as needed for proper grading based on delinquency and borrower credit scores.

•Pass – This grade represents loans ranging from acceptable to very little or no credit risk. These loans typically meet most if not all policy standards in regard to: loan amount as a percentage of collateral value, debt service coverage, profitability, leverage, and working capital.

•Special Mention – This grade represents “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” in accordance with regulatory guidelines and includes loans that display some potential weaknesses which, if left unaddressed, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or may inadequately protect the Company’s position in the future. These loans warrant more than normal supervision and attention.

•Substandard – This grade represents “Substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Loans within this rating typically exhibit weaknesses that are well defined to the point that repayment is jeopardized. Loss potential is, however, not necessarily evident. The underlying collateral supporting the credit appears to have sufficient value to protect the Company from loss of principal and accrued interest, or the loan has been written down to the point where this is true. There is a definite need for a well-defined workout/rehabilitation program.

•Doubtful – This grade represents “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. An asset classified as Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in a loan classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and financing plans.

•Loss – This grade represents “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that its continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though some recovery may be affected in the future. The portion of the loan that is graded loss should be charged off no later than the end of the quarter in which the loss is identified.


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of March 31, 2024
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	11,059	$	184,318	$	418,964	$	282,676	$	142,738	$	983,609	$	147,552	$	—	$	2,170,916
Special Mention	—		—		1,295		—		—		34,021		2,252		—		37,568
Substandard	—		—		—		767		—		11,317		—		—		12,084
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	11,059	$	184,318	$	420,259	$	283,443	$	142,738	$	1,028,947	$	149,804	$	—	$	2,220,568
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—




Commercial real estate:
CRE owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	33,662	$	75,002	$	201,423	$	185,995	$	114,912	$	313,351	$	23,631	$	—	$	947,976
Special Mention	—		—		5,724		2,318		2,935		4,372		—		—		15,349
Substandard	—		—		2,912		7,706		—		1,025		—		—		11,643
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	33,662	$	75,002	$	210,059	$	196,019	$	117,847	$	318,748	$	23,631	$	—	$	974,968
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of March 31, 2024
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial real estate:
Multifamily risk ratings
Pass	$	4,063	$	28,655	$	176,410	$	278,671	$	120,526	$	323,784	$	37,749	$	—	$	969,858
Special Mention	—		—		—		11,917		—		515		—		—		$	12,432
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	4,063	$	28,655	$	176,410	$	290,588	$	120,526	$	324,299	$	37,749	$	—	$	982,290
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Commercial real estate:
Farmland risk ratings
Pass	$	1,396	$	21,093	$	45,682	$	36,854	$	15,571	$	55,897	$	46,551	$	—	$	223,044
Special Mention	—		—		2,984		5,803		427		4,674		1,155		—		15,043
Substandard	—		101		—		8,913		—		11,904		6,937		—		27,855
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,396	$	21,194	$	48,666	$	51,570	$	15,998	$	72,475	$	54,643	$	—	$	265,942
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Consumer loans:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens risk ratings
Pass	$	21,136	$	127,324	$	187,809	$	257,773	$	121,334	$	152,951	$	—	$	3,847	$	872,174
Special Mention	—		70		—		—		—		2,068		—		27		2,165
Substandard	—		268		144		1,280		1,479		5,571		—		439		9,181
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	21,136	$	127,662	$	187,953	$	259,053	$	122,813	$	160,590	$	—	$	4,313	$	883,520
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	26	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	26


Consumer loans:
SFR HELOCs and Junior Liens
Pass	$	278	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	89	$	330,942	$	6,527	$	337,836
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,416		204		3,620
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,260		507		3,767
Doubtful/Loss																	—
Total	$	278	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	89	$	337,618	$	7,238	$	345,223
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	32	$	—	$	32




Consumer loans:
Other risk ratings
Pass	$	9,305	$	30,615	$	8,361	$	7,941	$	6,856	$	10,413	$	618	$	—	$	74,109
Special Mention	—		—		52		131		60		72		20		—		335
Substandard	—		85		177		157		3		146		2		—		570
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	9,305	$	30,700	$	8,590	$	8,229	$	6,919	$	10,631	$	640	$	—	$	75,014
Current period gross write-offs	$	76	$	67	$	—	$	60	$	28	$	15	$	4	$	—	$	250


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of March 31, 2024
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial and industrial loans:
Commercial and industrial risk ratings
Pass	$	17,591	$	62,336	$	70,850	$	46,756	$	7,801	$	15,418	$	316,769	$	246	$	537,767
Special Mention	—		—		743		156		86		—		2,046		—		3,031
Substandard	—		—		2,082		768		83		721		5,255		73		8,982
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	17,591	$	62,336	$	73,675	$	47,680	$	7,970	$	16,139	$	324,070	$	319	$	549,780
Current period gross write-offs	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	120	$	—	$	130


Construction loans:
Construction risk ratings
Pass	$	1,979	$	71,893	$	141,212	$	89,345	$	22,345	$	10,574	$	—	$	—	$	337,348
Special Mention	—		—		11,569		—		—		—		—		—		11,569
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		64		—		—		64
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,979	$	71,893	$	152,781	$	89,345	$	22,345	$	10,638	$	—	$	—	$	348,981
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Agriculture production loans:
Agriculture production risk ratings
Pass	$	586	$	1,378	$	2,857	$	1,539	$	349	$	8,897	$	120,410	$	—	$	136,016
Special Mention	—		33		—		—		—		—		6,928		—		6,961
Substandard	—		—		164		490		152		—		1,376		—		2,182
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	586	$	1,411	$	3,021	$	2,029	$	501	$	8,897	$	128,714	$	—	$	145,159
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	173	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	664	$	—	$	837


Leases:
Lease risk ratings
Pass	$	9,250	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$9,250
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	9,250	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	9,250
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—




Total loans outstanding:
Risk ratings
Pass	$	110,305	$	602,614	$	1,253,568	$	1,187,550	$	552,432	$	1,874,983	$	1,024,222	$	10,620	$	6,616,294
Special Mention	—		103		22,367		20,325		3,508		45,722		15,817		231		108,073
Substandard	—		454		5,479		20,081		1,717		30,748		16,830		1,019		76,328
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	110,305	$	603,171	$	1,281,414	$	1,227,956	$	557,657	$	1,951,453	$	1,056,869	$	11,870	$	6,800,695
Current period gross write-offs	$	86	$	93	$	173	$	60	$	28	$	15	$	820	$	—	$	1,275


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	180,326	$	413,863	$	290,210	$	137,656	$	206,408	$	792,875	$	141,686	$	—	$	2,163,024
Special Mention	—		1,329		—		5,281		17,093		14,174		1,247		—		39,124
Substandard	—		—		767		—		2,139		12,540		212		—		15,658
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	180,326	$	415,192	$	290,977	$	142,937	$	225,640	$	819,589	$	143,145	$	—	$	2,217,806
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Commercial real estate:
CRE owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	71,288	$	196,915	$	190,384	$	118,457	$	59,220	$	268,990	$	23,740	$	—	$	928,994
Special Mention	—		5,773		1,513		2,754		703		2,678		—		—		13,421
Substandard	—		2,972		7,835		—		111		3,107		—		—		14,025
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	71,288	$	205,660	$	199,732	$	121,211	$	60,034	$	274,775	$	23,740	$	—	$	956,440
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,380	$	—	$	2,228	$	29	$	—	$	3,637


Commercial real estate:
Multifamily risk ratings
Pass	$	28,445	$	177,032	$	279,660	$	89,106	$	104,108	$	225,446	$	33,470	$	—	$	937,267
Special Mention	—		—		11,914		—		—		321		—		—		12,235
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	28,445	$	177,032	$	291,574	$	89,106	$	104,108	$	225,767	$	33,470	$	—	$	949,502
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Commercial real estate:
Farmland risk ratings
Pass	$	21,729	$	46,398	$	37,134	$	16,006	$	16,780	$	41,663	$	50,857	$	—	$	230,567
Special Mention	—		2,170		5,802		51		261		734		—		—		9,018
Substandard	101		813		9,053		377		—		13,266		7,859		—		31,469
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	21,830	$	49,381	$	51,989	$	16,434	$	17,041	$	55,663	$	58,716	$	—	$	271,054
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Consumer loans:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens risk ratings
Pass	$	135,741	$	189,920	$	260,870	$	125,081	$	29,568	$	126,975	$	—	$	4,079	$	872,234
Special Mention	71		—		—		—		—		1,948		—		27		2,046
Substandard	—		140		1,296		1,490		531		5,265		—		436		9,158
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	135,812	$	190,060	$	262,166	$	126,571	$	30,099	$	134,188	$	—	$	4,542	$	883,438
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Consumer loans:
SFR HELOCs and Junior Liens
Pass	$	297	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	96	$	343,698	$	6,444	$	350,535
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		2,274		138		2,412
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,212		654		3,866
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	297	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	96	$	349,184	$	7,236	$	356,813
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	66	$	66


Consumer loans:
Other risk ratings
Pass	$	34,441	$	9,061	$	8,908	$	7,419	$	6,825	$	4,619	$	659	$	—	$	71,932
Special Mention	21		54		203		63		54		37		18		—		450
Substandard	87		183		164		30		116		52		3		—		635
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	34,549	$	9,298	$	9,275	$	7,512	$	6,995	$	4,708	$	680	$	—	$	73,017
Current period gross write-offs	$	376	$	82	$	—	$	36	$	39	$	9	$	16	$	—	$	558


Commercial and industrial loans:
Commercial and industrial risk ratings
Pass	$	70,930	$	83,184	$	51,455	$	9,504	$	10,193	$	7,636	$	340,858	$	318	$	574,078
Special Mention	33		663		237		83		—		178		1,126		—		2,320
Substandard	—		2,014		782		103		4		762		6,318		74		10,057
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	70,963	$	85,861	$	52,474	$	9,690	$	10,197	$	8,576	$	348,302	$	392	$	586,455
Current period gross write-offs	$	153	$	287	$	240	$	2,285	$	—	$	—	$	896	$	18	$	3,879


Construction loans:
Construction risk ratings
Pass	$	56,378	$	136,294	$	85,144	$	47,632	$	4,583	$	6,518	$	—	$	—	$	336,549
Special Mention	—		10,582		—		—		—		—		—		—		10,582
Substandard	—		—		—		—		67		—		—		—		67
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	56,378	$	146,876	$	85,144	$	47,632	$	4,650	$	6,518	$	—	$	—	$	347,198
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Agriculture production loans:
Agriculture production risk ratings
Pass	$	945	$	2,749	$	1,595	$	396	$	620	$	8,491	$	114,935	$	—	$	129,731
Special Mention	—		183		543		176		—		—		11,302		—		12,204
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		2,562		—		2,562
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	945	$	2,932	$	2,138	$	572	$	620	$	8,491	$	128,799	$	—	$	144,497
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Leases:
Lease risk ratings
Pass	$	8,250	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8,250
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	8,250	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8,250
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Total loans outstanding:
Risk ratings
Pass	$	608,770	$	1,255,416	$	1,205,360	$	551,257	$	438,305	$	1,483,309	$	1,049,903	$	10,841	$	6,603,161
Special Mention	125		20,754		20,212		8,408		18,111		20,070		15,967		165		103,812
Substandard	188		6,122		19,897		2,000		2,968		34,992		20,166		1,164		87,497
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	609,083	$	1,282,292	$	1,245,469	$	561,665	$	459,384	$	1,538,371	$	1,086,036	$	12,170	$	6,794,470
Current period gross write-offs	$	529	$	369	$	240	$	3,701	$	39	$	2,237	$	941	$	84	$	8,140


	Analysis of Past Due Loans - As of March 31, 2024
(in thousands)	30-59 days		60-89 days		> 90 days		Total Past Due Loans		Current		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	1,182	$	232	$	3,104	$	4,518	$	2,216,050	$	2,220,568
CRE owner occupied	1,803		32		244		2,079		972,889		974,968
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		982,290		982,290
Farmland	—		—		4,608		4,608		261,334		265,942
Total commercial real estate loans	2,985		264		7,956		11,205		4,432,563		4,443,768
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	141		6		534		681		882,839		883,520
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—		282		572		854		344,369		345,223
Other	76		—		84		160		74,854		75,014
Total consumer loans	217		288		1,190		1,695		1,302,062		1,303,757
Commercial and industrial	482		352		1,270		2,104		547,676		549,780
Construction	52		—		—		52		348,929		348,981
Agriculture production	—		—		1,376		1,376		143,783		145,159
Leases	—		42		—		42		9,208		9,250
Total	$	3,736	$	946	$	11,792	$	16,474	$	6,784,221	$	6,800,695


	Analysis of Past Due Loans - As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	30-59 days		60-89 days		> 90 days		Total Past Due Loans		Current		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	3,876	$	—	$	1,382	$	5,258	$	2,212,548	$	2,217,806
CRE owner occupied	34		—		247		281		956,159		956,440
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		949,502		949,502
Farmland	635		3,798		2,052		6485		264,569		271,054
Total commercial real estate loans	4,545		3,798		3,681		12,024		4,382,778		4,394,802
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	141		1,449		490		2,080		881,358		883,438
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	16		—		623		639		356,174		356,813
Other	148		40		30		218		72,799		73,017
Total consumer loans	305		1,489		1,143		2,937		1,310,331		1,313,268
Commercial and industrial	244		605		1,654		2,503		583,952		586,455
Construction	—		—		—		—		347,198		347,198
Agriculture production	593		878		33		1,504		142,993		144,497
Leases	447		—		—		447		7,803		8,250
Total	$	6,134	$	6,770	$	6,511	$	19,415	$	6,775,055	$	6,794,470


	Non Accrual Loans
	As of March 31, 2024						As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Non accrual with no allowance for credit losses		Total non accrual		Past due 90 days or more and still accruing		Non accrual with no allowance for credit losses		Total non accrual		Past due 90 days or more and still accruing
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	4,113	$	4,113	$	—	$	2,024	$	2,024	$	—
CRE owner occupied	3,905		3,905		—		3,994		3,994		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland	8,926		13,780		—		5,996		14,484		—
Total commercial real estate loans	16,944		21,798		—		12,014		20,502		—
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	4,821		5,094		—		2,808		2,811		—
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	3,110		3,403		—		3,281		3,571		—
Other	64		99		—		39		105		—
Total consumer loans	7,995		8,596		—		6,128		6,487		—
Commercial and industrial	1,535		2,301		107		1,379		2,503		10
Construction	64		64		—		67		67		—
Agriculture production	311		1,376		—		—		2,322		—
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—
Sub-total	26,849		34,135		107		19,588		31,881		10
Less: Guaranteed loans	(801)		(872)		—		(766)		(878)
Total, net	$	26,048	$	33,263	$	107	$	18,822	$	31,003	$	10

Interest income on non accrual loans that would have been recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, if all such loans had been current in accordance with their original terms, totaled $0.85 million and $0.32 million, respectively. Interest income actually recognized on these originated loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $0.1 million and $0.02 million, respectively.


	As of March 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Retail		Office		Warehouse		Other		Multifamily		Farmland		SFR-1st Deed		SFR-2nd Deed		Automobile/Truck		A/R and Inventory		Equipment		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	2,459	$	381	$	506	$	767	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4,113
CRE owner occupied	593		—		293		3,019		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		3,905
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland	—		—		—		—		—		13,780		—		—		—		—		—		13,780
Total commercial real estate loans	3,052		381		799		3,786		—		13,780		—		—		—		—		—		21,798
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		5,089		—		—		—		—		5,089
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,403		1,739		—		—		—		3,142
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		89		—		—		89
Total consumer loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		6,492		1,739		89		—		—		8,320
Commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,294		807		2,101
Construction	—		—		—		—		—		—		64		—		—		—		—		64
Agriculture production	—		—		—		1,376		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,376
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	3,052	$	381	$	799	$	5,162	$	—	$	13,780	$	6,556	$	1,739	$	89	$	1,294	$	807	$	33,659


	As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Retail		Office		Warehouse		Other		Multifamily		Farmland		SFR -1st Deed		SFR -2nd Deed		Automobile/Truck		A/R and Inventory		Equipment		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	124	$	615	$	519	$	766	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,024
CRE owner occupied	614		—		297		3,083		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		3,994
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland	—		—		—		635		—		13,849		—		—		—		—		—		14,484
Total commercial real estate loans	738		615		816		4,484		—		13,849		—		—		—		—		—		20,502
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		2,808		—		—		—		—		2,808
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,816		1,467		—		—		—		3,283
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		95		—		—		95
Total consumer loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		4,624		1,467		95		—		—		6,186
Commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,712		791		2,503
Construction	—		—		—		—		—		—		67		—		—		—		—		67
Agriculture production	—		—		—		2,288		—		—		—		—		—		—		33		2,321
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	738	$	615	$	816	$	6,772	$	—	$	13,849	$	4,691	$	1,467	$	95	$	1,712	$	824	$	31,579

Modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearances, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

The following tables show the amortized cost basis of loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the periods presented. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivables is also presented below.


	For the three months ended
	March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Combination - Term Extension/Rate Change		Payment Delay/Term Extension		Total % of Loans Outstanding		Payment Delay/Term Extension		Total % of Loans Outstanding

CRE non-owner occupied	$	211	$	—	0.03	%	$	—	—	%






SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—		41		0.01		—		—


Commercial and industrial	—		516		0.07		177		0.03



Total	$	211	$	557	0.11	%	$	177	0.03	%

Modification Type

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Combination - Term extension / rate change

CRE non-owner occupied

Added 120 months to the life of the loan; converted from variable to fixed interest rate

Payment delay / term extension

SFR HELOCs and junior liens

Added 60 months to the life of the loan

Payment delay / term extension

Commercial and industrial

Added 66 months to the life of the loan

Payment delay / term extension

Commercial and industrial

Added 12 months to the life of the loan

During the quarters ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively, there were no loans with payment defaults by borrowers experiencing financial difficulty which had material modifications in rate, term or principal forgiveness during the twelve months prior to default.