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Allowance for Credit Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Allowance For Loan And Lease Losses [Abstract]  
Allowance for Credit Losses Allowance for Credit Losses
For the periods indicated, the following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans which is recorded as a contra asset, and the reserve for unfunded commitments which is recorded on the balance sheet within other liabilities:
Allowance for credit losses – Three months ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)Beginning
Balance
Charge-offsRecoveriesProvision (benefit)Ending 
Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$30,962 $— $— $2,001 $32,963 
CRE owner occupied14,014 — — 545 14,559 
Multifamily13,132 — — 741 13,873 
Farmland3,273 — — 269 3,542 
Total commercial real estate loans61,381 — — 3,556 64,937 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens11,268 — — 652 11,920 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens11,413 (42)65 (522)10,914 
Other1,958 (142)51 195 2,062 
Total consumer loans24,639 (184)116 325 24,896 
Commercial and industrial13,597 (1,574)53 (7)12,069 
Construction5,142 — — 513 5,655 
Agriculture production906 — (74)833 
Leases15 — — 17 
Allowance for credit losses on loans105,680 (1,758)170 4,315 108,407 
Reserve for unfunded commitments4,315 — — (120)4,195 
Total$109,995 $(1,758)$170 $4,195 $112,602 
In determining the allowance for credit losses, accruing loans with similar risk characteristics are generally evaluated collectively. To estimate expected losses the Company generally utilizes historical loss trends and the remaining contractual lives of the loan portfolios to determine estimated credit losses through a reasonable and supportable forecast period. Individual loan credit quality indicators including loan grade and borrower repayment performance have been statistically correlated with historical credit losses and various econometrics, including California unemployment, gross domestic product, and corporate bond yields. Model forecasts may be adjusted for inherent limitations or biases that have been identified through independent validation and back-testing of model performance to actual realized results.
The Company utilizes a forecast period of approximately eight quarters and obtains the forecast data from publicly available sources as of the balance sheet date. This forecast data continues to evolve and included improving shifts in the magnitude of changes for both the unemployment and GDP factors leading up to the balance sheet date, particularly CA unemployment trends. As compared to historical norms, inflation remains elevated from continued disruptions in the supply chain, wage pressures, and higher living costs such as housing and food prices Despite the expected continued benefit to the net interest income of the Company from the elevated rate environment, Management notes the rapid intervals of rate increases by the Federal Reserve and flattening or inversion of the yield curve, have boosted expectations of the US entering a recession within 12 months. As a result, management continues to believe that certain credit weakness are likely present in the overall economy and that it is appropriate to cautiously maintain a reserve level that incorporates such risk factors.
Purchased loans and leases that reflect a more-than-insignificant deterioration of credit from origination are considered PCD. For PCD loans and leases, the initial estimate of expected credit losses is recognized in the ACL on the date of acquisition using the same methodology as other loans and leases held-for-investment. The following table provides a summary of loans and leases purchased as part of the VRB acquisition with credit deterioration at acquisition:
As of March 25, 2022
(in thousands)Commercial Real EstateConsumerCommercial and IndustrialConstructionAgriculture ProductionTotal
Par value$27,237 $3,877 $2,674 $25,645 $9,080 $68,513 
ACL at acquisition(1,573)(144)(81)(201)(38)(2,037)
Non-credit discount(2,305)(360)(47)(232)(12)(2,956)
Purchase price$23,359 $3,373 $2,546 $25,212 $9,030 $63,520 
For the periods indicated, the following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans which is recorded as a contra asset, and the reserve for unfunded commitments which is recorded on the balance sheet within other liabilities:
Allowance for credit losses – Year ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands)Beginning
Balance
ACL of PCD LoansCharge-offsRecoveriesProvision
(benefit)
Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$25,739 $746 $— $$4,476 $30,962 
CRE owner occupied10,691 63 — 3,258 14,014 
Multifamily12,395 — — — 737 13,132 
Farmland2,315764 (294)— 4883,273 
Total commercial real estate loans51,140 1,573 (294)8,959 61,381 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens10,723 144 — 79 322 11,268 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens10,510 — (22)429 496 11,413 
Other2,241 — (572)235 54 1,958 
Total consumer loans23,474 144 (594)743 872 24,639 
Commercial and industrial3,862 81 (697)1,157 9,194 13,597 
Construction5,667 201 — — (726)5,142 
Agriculture production1,215 38 — (351)906 
Leases18 — — — (3)15 
Allowance for credit losses on loans85,376 2,037 (1,585)1,907 17,945 105,680 
Reserve for unfunded commitments3,790 — — — 525 4,315 
Total$89,166 $2,037 $(1,585)$1,907 $18,470 $109,995 

Allowance for credit losses – Three months ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)Beginning
Balance
ACL of PCD LoansCharge-offsRecoveriesProvisionEnding Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$25,739 $746 $— $— $1,570 $28,055 
CRE owner occupied10,691 63 — — 1,317 12,071 
Multifamily12,395 — — — (408)11,987 
Farmland2,315 764 (294)— 94 2,879 
Total commercial real estate loans51,140 1,573 (294)— 2,573 54,992 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens10,723 144 — 40 (238)10,669 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens10,510 — — 175 158 10,843 
Other2,241 — (119)71 (26)2,167 
Total consumer loans23,474 144 (119)286 (106)23,679 
Commercial and industrial3,862 81 (330)887 4,542 9,042 
Construction5,667 201 — — 1,569 7,437 
Agriculture production1,215 38 — (371)883 
Leases18 — — — (2)16 
Allowance for credit losses on loans85,376 2,037 (743)1,174 8,205 96,049 
Reserve for unfunded commitments3,790 — — — 125 3,915 
Total$89,166 $2,037 $(743)$1,174 $8,330 $99,964 
As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including, but not limited to, trends relating to (i) the level of criticized and classified loans, (ii) net charge-offs, (iii) non-performing loans, and (iv) delinquency within the portfolio. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk and grading. This analysis is performed annually for all outstanding balances greater than $1 million and non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial real
estate loans, unless other indicators, such as delinquency, trigger more frequent evaluation. Loans below the $1 million threshold and homogenous in nature are evaluated as needed for proper grading based on delinquency and borrower credit scores.
The Company utilizes a risk grading system to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale ranging from Pass to Loss. A description of the general characteristics of the risk grades is as follows:
Pass – This grade represents loans ranging from acceptable to very little or no credit risk. These loans typically meet most if not all policy standards in regard to: loan amount as a percentage of collateral value, debt service coverage, profitability, leverage, and working capital.
Special Mention – This grade represents “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” in accordance with regulatory guidelines and includes loans that display some potential weaknesses which, if left unaddressed, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or may inadequately protect the Company’s position in the future. These loans warrant more than normal supervision and attention.
Substandard – This grade represents “Substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Loans within this rating typically exhibit weaknesses that are well defined to the point that repayment is jeopardized. Loss potential is, however, not necessarily evident. The underlying collateral supporting the credit appears to have sufficient value to protect the Company from loss of principal and accrued interest, or the loan has been written down to the point where this is true. There is a definite need for a well-defined workout/rehabilitation program.
Doubtful – This grade represents “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. An asset classified as Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in a loan classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and financing plans.
Loss – This grade represents “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that its continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though some recovery may be affected in the future. The portion of the loan that is graded loss should be charged off no later than the end of the quarter in which the loss is identified.
Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows for the period indicated:

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of March 31, 2023
(in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied risk ratings
Pass$29,991 $412,225 $293,358 $152,186 $225,912 $868,576 $120,771 $— $2,103,019 
Special Mention— — 7,430 — 19,905 25,555 1,556 54,446 
Substandard— — 827 743 218 1,806 — 3,594 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total $29,991 $412,225 $301,615 $152,929 $246,035 $895,937 $122,327 $— $2,161,059 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate:
CRE owner occupied risk ratings
Pass$17,630 $201,342 $194,894 $121,856 $63,323 $291,219 $33,526 $— $923,790 
Special Mention— 131 16,818 232 724 7,794 838 — 26,537 
Substandard— 3,153 — 5,217 1,877 10,479 157 — 20,883 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$17,630 $204,626 $211,712 $127,305 $65,924 $309,492 $34,521 $— $971,210 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of March 31, 2023
(in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial real estate:
Multifamily risk ratings
Pass$2,849 $178,177 $289,301 $95,352 $108,051 $239,322 $33,524 $— $946,576 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 117 — — 117 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$2,849 $178,177 $289,301 $95,352 $108,051 $239,439 $33,524 $— $946,693 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate:
Farmland risk ratings
Pass$14,429 $46,353 $53,146 $16,430 $18,037 $46,924 $52,382 $— $247,701 
Special Mention— 3,140 — 304 5,000 3,386 — — 11,830 
Substandard— — 775 371 — 10,837 3,483 — 15,466 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$14,429 $49,493 $53,921 $17,105 $23,037 $61,147 $55,865 $— $274,997 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Consumer loans:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens risk ratings
Pass$15,719 $193,110 $271,654 $127,830 $32,755 $141,016 $$3,506 $785,598 
Special Mention1,0793,2342808,6626713,322
Substandard1,1892,6676314,487
Doubtful/Loss
Total$15,719 $194,189 $272,843 $131,064 $33,035 $152,345 $$4,204 $803,407 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Consumer loans:
SFR HELOCs and Junior Liens
Pass$360 $— $— $— $— $119 $362,806 $7,858 $371,143 
Special Mention64623669
Substandard3,1596203,779
Doubtful/Loss
Total$360 $— $— $— $— $119 $366,611 $8,501 $375,591 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $43 $43 
Consumer loans:
Other risk ratings
Pass$4,305 $11,888 $12,044 $9,376 $9,680 $6,274 $588 $— $54,155 
Special Mention— — 13 64 130 200 16 — 423 
Substandard— — — 42 70 87 22 — 221 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$4,305 $11,888 $12,057 $9,482 $9,880 $6,561 $626 $— $54,799 
Current period gross write-offs$96 $$— $— $29 $$$— $141 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of March 31, 2023
(in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:
Commercial and industrial risk ratings
Pass$34,754 $107,807 $64,490 $15,801 $20,277 $11,093 $273,269 $402 $527,893 
Special Mention442,7506020291,0379,45313,393 
Substandard1,2231,8693,235112985,07610011,812 
Doubtful/Loss— 
Total$34,798 $111,780 $66,419 $19,056 $20,317 $12,428 $287,798 $502 $553,098 
Current period gross write-offs$$— $— $1,550 $— $— $— $18 $1,574 
Construction loans:
Construction risk ratings
Pass$10,823 $93,294 $67,911 $41,776 $4,904 $6,736 $— $— $225,444 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — 458 94 — — 552 
Doubtful/Loss— — 
Total$10,823 $93,294 $67,911 $41,776 $5,362 $6,830 $— $— $225,996 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Agriculture production loans:
Agriculture production risk ratings
Pass$50 $3,140 $2,567 $1,003 $929 $9,755 $21,690 $— $39,134 
Special Mention— — — — — 103 4,769 — 4,872 
Substandard— — — — — — 3,056 — 3,056 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$50 $3,140 $2,567 $1,003 $929 $9,858 $29,515 $— $47,062 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Leases:
Lease risk ratings
Pass$8,509 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $8,509
Special Mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total$8,509 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $8,509 
Current period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Total loans outstanding:
Risk ratings
Pass$139,419 $1,247,336 $1,249,365 $581,610 $483,868 $1,621,034 $898,564 $11,766 $6,232,962 
Special Mention44 7,100 24,321 3,854 26,068 46,737 17,278 90 125,492 
Substandard— 4,376 4,660 9,608 2,634 26,385 14,953 1,351 63,967 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$139,463 $1,258,812 $1,278,346 $595,072 $512,570 $1,694,156 $930,795 $13,207 $6,422,421 
Current period gross write-offs$102 $$— $1,550 $29 $$$61 $1,758 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied risk ratings
Pass$399,910 $304,636 $152,960 $221,659 $147,842 $748,994 $123,794 $— $2,099,795 
Special Mention— — — 20,033 — 21,681 1,346 — 43,060 
Substandard— 864 768 — 1,059 4,179 — — 6,870
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$399,910 $305,500 $153,728 $241,692 $148,901 $774,854 $125,140 $— $2,149,725 
Commercial real estate:
CRE owner occupied risk ratings
Pass$210,101 $197,787 $120,929 $64,244 $49,755 $251,137 $43,343 $— $937,296 
Special Mention131 16,296 234 731 — 6,971 879 — 25,242 
Substandard3,213 — 5,249 1,893 1,103 10,654 157 — 22,269 
Doubtful/Loss— 
Total$213,445 $214,083 $126,412 $66,868 $50,858 $268,762 $44,379 $— $984,807 
Commercial real estate:
Multifamily risk ratings
Pass$159,318 $290,170 $96,937 $108,586 $106,287 $154,125 $28,989 $— $944,412 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 125 — — 125 
Doubtful/Loss— 
Total$159,318 $290,170 $96,937 $108,586 $106,287 $154,250 $28,989 $— $944,537 
Commercial real estate:
Farmland risk ratings
Pass$47,067 $53,275 $16,739 $18,589 $12,386 $34,528 $53,684 $— $236,268 
Special Mention3,1397832465,0003,99114,27527,434 
Substandard1,7727653,1587,0943,52316,312 
Doubtful/Loss— 
Total$50,206 $54,058 $18,757 $24,354 $15,544 $45,613 $71,482 $— $280,014 
Consumer loans:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens risk ratings
Pass$194,933 $265,370 $131,922 $33,395 $28,545 $115,469 $$2,924 $772,566 
Special Mention— — 1,531 282 3,277 5,854 — 465 11,409 
Substandard— 1,204 — — 1,004 3,521 — 645 6,374 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$194,933 $266,574 $133,453 $33,677 $32,826 $124,844 $$4,034 $790,349 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Consumer loans:
SFR HELOCs and Junior Liens
Pass$505 $— $— $— $— $127 $378,939 $8,462 $388,033 
Special Mention— — — — — — 1,842 81 1,923 
Substandard— — — — — — 3,072 638 3,710 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$505 $— $— $— $— $127 $383,853 $9,181 $393,666 

Consumer loans:
Other risk ratings
Pass$14,070 $12,990 $10,211 $10,650 $5,225 $1,945 $899 $— $55,990 
Special Mention— 18 77 135 176 32 47 — 485 
Substandard— — 42 92 — 96 23 — 253 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$14,070 $13,008 $10,330 $10,877 $5,401 $2,073 $969 $— $56,728 
Commercial and industrial loans:
Commercial and industrial risk ratings
Pass$125,710 $64,966 $17,746 $23,131 $7,628 $5,051 $297,341 $483 $542,056 
Special Mention3,032 139 21 49 138 768 11,547 — 15,694 
Substandard1,293 1,142 5,179 14 33 611 3,798 101 12,171 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$130,035 $66,247 $22,946 $23,194 $7,799 $6,430 $312,686 $584 $569,921 
Construction loans:
Construction risk ratings
Pass$72,840 $72,308 $43,409 $15,358 $2,159 $4,900 $— $— $210,974 
Special Mention— — — — 
Substandard— 457129— — 586 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$72,840 $72,308 $43,409 $15,815 $2,159 $5,029 $— $— $211,560 
Agriculture production loans:
Agriculture production risk ratings
Pass$3,414 $2,777 $1,149 $1,104 $8,902 $1,058 $38,425 $— $56,829 
Special Mention— — — — 90 31 1,632 — 1,753 
Substandard— — — — — — 2,832 — 2,832 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$3,414 $2,777 $1,149 $1,104 $8,992 $1,089 $42,889 $— $61,414 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Leases:
Lease risk ratings
Pass$7,726 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $7,726 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$7,726 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $7,726 
Total loans outstanding:
Risk ratings
Pass$1,235,594 $1,264,279 $592,002 $496,716 $368,729 $1,317,334 $965,422 $11,869 $6,251,945 
Special Mention6,302 17,236 2,109 26,230 3,681 39,328 31,568 546 127,000 
Substandard4,506 3,210 13,010 3,221 6,357 26,409 13,405 1,384 71,502 
Doubtful/Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total$1,246,402 $1,284,725 $607,121 $526,167 $378,767 $1,383,071 $1,010,395 $13,799 $6,450,447 
The following table shows the ending balance of current and past due originated loans by loan category as of the date indicated:

Analysis of Past Due Loans - As of March 31, 2023
(in thousands)30-59 days60-89 days> 90 daysTotal Past
Due Loans
CurrentTotal
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$623 $— $— $623 $2,160,436 $2,161,059 
CRE owner occupied156 82 172 410 970,800 971,210 
Multifamily— — — — 946,693 946,693 
Farmland150 — — 150 274,847 274,997 
Total commercial real estate loans929 82 172 1,183 4,352,776 4,353,959 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens442 557 356 1,355 802,052 803,407 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens— 1,342 793 2,135 373,456 375,591 
Other49 136 121 306 54,493 54,799 
Total consumer loans491 2,035 1,270 3,796 1,230,001 1,233,797 
Commercial and industrial471 1,620 364 2,455 550,643 553,098 
Construction— 78 379 457 225,539 225,996 
Agriculture production— — — — 47,062 47,062 
Leases— — — — 8,509 8,509 
Total$1,891 $3,815 $2,185 $7,891 $6,414,530 $6,422,421 
Analysis of Past Due Loans - As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)30-59 days60-89 days> 90 daysTotal Past
Due Loans
CurrentTotal
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$— $— $— $— $2,149,725 $2,149,725 
CRE owner occupied— 98 75 173 984,634 984,807 
Multifamily159 — — 159 944,378 944,537 
Farmland— — — — 280,014280,014
Total commercial real estate loans159 98 75 332 4,358,751 4,359,083 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens24 — 279 303 790,046 790,349 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens172 166 707 1,045 392,621 393,666 
Other26 34 55 115 56,613 56,728 
Total consumer loans2222001,0411,4631,239,2801,240,743
Commercial and industrial2,300 190 283 2,773 567,148 569,921 
Construction— — 379 379 211,181 211,560 
Agriculture production— — — — 61,414 61,414 
Leases— — — — 7,726 7,726 
Total$2,681 $488 $1,778 $4,947 $6,445,500 $6,450,447 
The following table shows the ending balance of non accrual loans by loan category as of the date indicated:
Non Accrual Loans
As of March 31, 2023As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)Non accrual with no allowance for credit lossesTotal non accrualPast due 90 days or more and still accruingNon accrual with no allowance for credit lossesTotal non accrualPast due 90 days or more and still accruing
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$1,671 $1,671 $— $1,739 $1,739 $— 
CRE owner occupied3,848 3,848 — 4,938 4,938 — 
Multifamily117 117 — 125 125 — 
Farmland371 371 — 1,772 1,772 — 
Total commercial real estate loans6,007 6,007 — 8,574 8,574 — 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens3,532 3,532 — 4,117 4,220 — 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens2,790 3,373 — 2,498 3,155 — 
Other78 139 — 47 84 — 
Total consumer loans6,400 7,044 — 6,662 7,459 — 
Commercial and industrial95 1,372 189 1,224 3,518 — 
Construction457 457 — 491 491 — 
Agriculture production957 957 — 1,279 1,279 — 
Leases— — — — — — 
Sub-total13,91615,83718918,23021,321
Less: Guaranteed loans(75)(230)— (105)(225)
Total, net$13,841 $15,607 $189 $18,125 $21,096 $— 
Interest income on non accrual loans that would have been recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, if all such loans had been current in accordance with their original terms, totaled $0.32 million and $0.17 million, respectively. Interest income actually recognized on these originated loans during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $17 thousand and $13 thousand, respectively.
The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loans as of the following periods:

As of March 31, 2023
(in thousands)RetailOfficeWarehouseOtherMultifamilyFarmlandSFR-1st DeedSFR-2nd DeedAutomobile/TruckA/R and InventoryEquipmentTotal
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$749 $95 $— $827 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $1,671 
CRE owner occupied523 75 — 3,250 — — — — — — — 3,848 
Multifamily— — — — 117 — — — — — — 117 
Farmland— — — — — 371 — — — — — 371 
Total commercial real estate loans1,272 170 — 4,077 117 371 — — — — — 6,007 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens— — — — — — 3,532 — — — — 3,532 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens— — — — — — 1,705 1,308 — — — 3,013 
Other— — — — — — — 124 — 130 
Total consumer loans— — — — — 5,237 1,308 124 — 6,675 
Commercial and industrial— — — — — — — — — 1,298 74 1,372 
Construction— — — 379 — — 78 — — — — 457 
Agriculture production— — — — — — — — — — 957 957 
Leases— — — — — — — — — — — — 
Total$1,272 $170 $— $4,460 $117 $371 $5,315 $1,308 $124 $1,298 $1,033 $15,468 

As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)RetailOfficeWarehouseOtherMultifamilyFarmlandSFR -1st DeedSFR -2nd DeedAutomobile/TruckA/R and InventoryEquipmentTotal
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$777 $98 $— $864 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $1,739 
CRE owner occupied548 75 1,103 3,212 — — — — — — — 4,938 
Multifamily— — — — 125 — — — — — — 125 
Farmland— — — — — 1,772 — — — — — 1,772 
Total commercial real estate loans1,325 173 1,103 4,076 125 1,772 — — — — — 8,574 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens— — — — — — 4,220 — — — — 4,220 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens— — — — — — 1,664 1,121 — — — 2,785 
Other— — — — — — — 61 — 68 
Total consumer loans— — — — — 5,884 1,121 61 — 7,073 
Commercial and industrial— — — 1,874 — — — — — 1,596 48 3,518 
Construction— — — 379 — — 112 — — — — 491 
Agriculture production— — — — — — — — — — 1,279 1,279 
Leases— — — — — — — — — — — — 
Total$1,325 $173 $1,103 $6,334 $125 $1,772 $5,996 $1,121 $61 $1,596 $1,329 $20,935 
Modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearances, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

The following tables show the amortized cost basis of loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the periods presented. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivables is also presented below.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)Payment Delay/Term ExtensionTotal % of Loans Outstanding
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied$— — %
CRE owner occupied— — 
Multifamily— — 
Farmland— — 
Total commercial real estate loans— — 
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens— — 
SFR HELOCs and junior liens— — 
Other— — 
Total consumer loans— — 
Commercial and industrial1770.03 
Construction— — 
Agriculture production— — 
Leases— — 
Total$177 0.03 %

The following table presents the financial effect of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the quarter ended March 31, 2023.
Weighted Average Months Term Extension
Commercial and industrial12

There were no loans with payment defaults by borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 which had material modifications in rate, term or principal forgiveness during the twelve months prior to default.