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Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2014
Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Leases Losses  
Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

6. Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The Bancorp disaggregates ALLL balances and transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment. Credit quality related disclosures for loans and leases are further disaggregated by class.

The following tables summarize transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment:
              
              
              
For the three months ended March 31, 2014    Residential      
($ in millions)  CommercialMortgageConsumerUnallocatedTotal
Transactions in the ALLL:            
 Balance, beginning of period $ 1,058  189  225 110  1,582 
 Losses charged off   (110)  (19)  (61)  -  (190) 
 Recoveries of losses previously charged off   5  4  13  -  22 
 Provision for loan and lease losses   28  6  40  (5)  69 
Balance, end of period $ 981  180  217  105  1,483 
              
For the three months ended March 31, 2013    Residential      
($ in millions)  CommercialMortgageConsumerUnallocatedTotal
Transactions in the ALLL:            
 Balance, beginning of period $ 1,236  229  278  111  1,854 
 Losses charged off   (68)  (22)  (78)  -  (168) 
 Recoveries of losses previously charged off   14  2  19  -  35 
 Provision for loan and lease losses   9  3  53  (3)  62 
Balance, end of period $ 1,191  212  272  108  1,783 

The following tables provide a summary of the ALLL and related loans and leases classified by portfolio segment:
             
    Residential      
As of March 31, 2014 ($ in millions) CommercialMortgageConsumerUnallocatedTotal
ALLL:(a)           
 Individually evaluated for impairment$ 182 (c) 140  51  -  373 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  799  40  166  -  1,005 
 Unallocated  -  -  -  105  105 
Total ALLL$ 981  180  217  105  1,483 
Loans and leases:(b)           
 Individually evaluated for impairment$ 1,306 (c) 1,310  483  -  3,099 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  52,038  11,209  23,252  -  86,499 
 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality  -  4  -  -  4 
Total portfolio loans and leases$ 53,344  12,523  23,735  -  89,602 

  • Includes $8 related to leveraged leases.
  • Excludes $103 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, and includes $878 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income.
  • Includes five restructured loans at March 31, 2014 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with a recorded investment of $28 and an allowance of $11.

             
    Residential      
As of December 31, 2013 ($ in millions) Commercial MortgageConsumerUnallocatedTotal
ALLL:(a)           
 Individually evaluated for impairment$ 186 (c) 139  53 -  378 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  872  50  172 -  1,094 
 Unallocated - - -  110  110 
Total ALLL$ 1,058  189  225  110  1,582 
Loans and leases:(b)           
 Individually evaluated for impairment$ 1,560 (c) 1,325  496 -  3,381 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  50,486  11,259  23,392 -  85,137 
 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality  -  4  - -  4 
Total portfolio loans and leases$ 52,046  12,588  23,888  -  88,522 

  • Includes $9 related to leveraged leases.
  • Excludes $92 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, and includes $881 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income.
  • Includes five restructured loans at December 31, 2013 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with a recorded investment of $28 and an allowance of $11.

CREDIT RISK PROFILE

 

Commercial Portfolio Segment

For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: commercial and industrial, commercial mortgage owner-occupied, commercial mortgage non-owner occupied, commercial construction and commercial leasing.

 

To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial portfolio segment, and for purposes of analyzing historical loss rates used in the determination of the ALLL for the commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp utilizes the following categories of credit grades: pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful or loss. The five categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers that do not have identified potential or well defined weaknesses and for which there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated periodically based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter.

 

The Bancorp assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases that have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or the Bancorp's credit position. 

 

The Bancorp assigns a substandard rating to loans and leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. Substandard loans and leases have well defined weaknesses or weaknesses that could jeopardize the orderly repayment of the debt. Loans and leases in this grade also are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bancorp will sustain some loss if the deficiencies noted are not addressed and corrected.

 

The Bancorp assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases that have all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a proposed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceeding, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral or refinancing plans.

 

Loans and leases classified as loss are considered uncollectible and are charged off in the period in which they are determined to be uncollectible. Because loans and leases in this category are fully charged down, they are not included in the following tables.

 

The following table summarizes the credit risk profile of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio segment, by class:
            
    Special      
As of March 31, 2014 ($ in millions) PassMentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and industrial loans$ 38,061  1,175  1,313 42  40,591 
Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans  3,825  196  375  2  4,398 
Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans  2,913  242  405  -  3,560 
Commercial construction loans  1,078  37  103  -  1,218 
Commercial leases  3,500  47  30  -  3,577 
Total$ 49,377  1,697  2,226  44  53,344 

            
    Special      
As of December 31, 2013 ($ in millions) PassMentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and industrial loans$ 36,776  1,118  1,419  3  39,316 
Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans  3,866  209  415  17  4,507 
Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans  2,879  248  431  1  3,559 
Commercial construction loans  855  32  152  -  1,039 
Commercial leases  3,546  56  23  -  3,625 
Total$ 47,922  1,663  2,440  21  52,046 
            

Consumer Portfolio Segment

For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its consumer portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: home equity, automobile loans, credit card, and other consumer loans and leases. The Bancorp's residential mortgage portfolio segment is also a separate class.

 

The Bancorp considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for residential mortgage and consumer loans, which includes both the delinquency status and performing versus nonperforming status of the loans. The delinquency status of all residential mortgage and consumer loans is presented by class in the age analysis section below while the performing versus nonperforming status is presented in the table below. Refer to the nonaccrual section of Note 1 in the Bancorp's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 for additional delinquency and nonperforming information.

The following table presents a summary of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments disaggregated into performing versus nonperforming status as of:
          
  March 31, 2014December 31, 2013
($ in millions) PerformingNonperformingPerformingNonperforming
Residential mortgage loans(a)$ 12,382  141  12,423  165 
Home equity  9,031  94  9,153  93 
Automobile loans  12,087  1  11,982  2 
Credit card  2,144  33  2,261  33 
Other consumer loans and leases  345  -  364  - 
Total$ 35,989  269  36,183  293 

  • Excludes $103 and $92 of loans measured at fair value at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases     
The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s recorded investment in portfolio loans and leases by age and class:
               
     Past Due    
   Current   90 Days     90 Days Past
As of March 31, 2014 Loans and  30-89 andTotal Total LoansDue and Still
($ in millions) Leases(c) Days(c)Greater(c)Past Dueand LeasesAccruing
Commercial:             
 Commercial and industrial loans $40,402 35 154 189 40,591 1 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans 4,321 10 67 77 4,398  - 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans 3,524 4 32 36 3,560  - 
 Commercial construction loans 1,199 15 4 19 1,218  - 
 Commercial leases 3,573 2 2 4 3,577  - 
Residential mortgage loans(a) (b) 12,255 71 197 268 12,523 56 
Consumer:             
 Home equity 8,947 99 79 178 9,125  - 
 Automobile loans 12,037 42 9 51 12,088 7 
 Credit card 2,111 31 35 66 2,177 30 
 Other consumer loans and leases  344 1  - 1 345  - 
Total portfolio loans and leases(a)$88,713 310 579 889 89,602 94 

  • Excludes $103 of loans measured at fair value.
  • Information for current residential mortgage loans includes loans whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. As of March 31, 2014, $75 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $347 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized $5 of losses during the three months ended March 31, 2014 due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these loans.
  • Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases.

               
     Past Due    
   Current   90 Days     90 Days Past
As of December 31, 2013 Loans and  30-89andTotal Total LoansDue and Still
($ in millions) Leases(c) Days(c)Greater(c)Past Dueand LeasesAccruing
Commercial:             
 Commercial and industrial loans $39,118 53 145 198 39,316  - 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans 4,423 15 69 84 4,507  - 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans 3,515 9 35 44 3,559  - 
 Commercial construction loans 1,010  - 29 29 1,039  - 
 Commercial leases 3,620  - 5 5 3,625  - 
Residential mortgage loans(a) (b) 12,284 73 231 304 12,588 66 
Consumer:             
 Home equity 9,058 102 86 188 9,246  - 
 Automobile loans 11,919 55 10 65 11,984 8 
 Credit card 2,225 36 33 69 2,294 29 
 Other consumer loans and leases  362 2  - 2 364  - 
Total portfolio loans and leases(a)$87,534 345 643 988 88,522 103 

  • Excludes $92 of loans measured at fair value.
  • Information for current residential mortgage loans includes loans whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. As of December 31, 2013, $81 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $378 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized $5 of losses for the year ended December 31, 2013 due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these loans.
  • Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases.

 

Impaired Loans and Leases

Larger commercial loans and leases included within aggregate borrower relationship balances exceeding $1 million that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses are subject to individual review for impairment. The Bancorp also performs an individual review on loans and leases that are restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. The Bancorp considers the current value of collateral, credit quality of any guarantees, the loan structure, and other factors when evaluating whether an individual loan or lease is impaired. Other factors may include the geography and industry of the borrower, size and financial condition of the borrower, cash flow and leverage of the borrower, and the Bancorp's evaluation of the borrower's management. Smaller-balance homogenous loans or leases that are collectively evaluated for impairment are not included in the following tables.

 

The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s impaired loans and leases (by class) that were subject to individual review, which includes all loans and leases restructured in a troubled debt restructuring:
          
    Unpaid    
As of March 31, 2014  PrincipalRecorded   
($ in millions)  BalanceInvestmentAllowance
With a related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
 Commercial and industrial loans  $663 531 140 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans(b)  85 71 11 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans  105 82 12 
 Commercial construction loans  76 60 5 
 Commercial leases   3  3 3 
Restructured residential mortgage loans  1,074 1,044 140 
Restructured consumer:        
 Home equity  366 363 36 
 Automobile loans  22 21 3 
 Credit card  57 57 12 
Total impaired loans and leases with a related allowance $2,451 2,232 362 
With no related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
 Commercial and industrial loans  $242 198  - 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans  90 82  - 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans  191 185  - 
 Commercial construction loans  64 52  - 
 Commercial leases  14 14  - 
Restructured residential mortgage loans  300 266  - 
Restructured consumer:        
 Home equity  43 39  - 
 Automobile loans  3 3  - 
Total impaired loans and leases with no related allowance  947 839  - 
Total impaired loans and leases $3,398 3,071 (a)362 

  • Includes $847, $1,237 and $430, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on accrual status; $209, $73 and $53, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on nonaccrual status.
  • Excludes five restructured loans at March 31, 2014 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an unpaid principal balance of $28, a recorded investment of $28, and an allowance of $11.

          
    Unpaid    
As of December 31, 2013  PrincipalRecorded   
($ in millions)  BalanceInvestmentAllowance
With a related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
 Commercial and industrial loans  $870 759 145 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans(b)  85 74 11 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans  154 134 14 
 Commercial construction loans  68 54 5 
 Commercial leases  12 12  - 
Restructured residential mortgage loans  1,081 1,052 139 
Restructured consumer:        
 Home equity  377 373 39 
 Automobile loans  23 23 3 
 Credit card  59 58 11 
Total impaired loans and leases with a related allowance $2,729 2,539 367 
With no related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
 Commercial and industrial loans  $181 177  - 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans  106 98  - 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans  154 147  - 
 Commercial construction loans  77 63  - 
 Commercial leases  14 14  - 
Restructured residential mortgage loans  313 273  - 
Restructured consumer:        
 Home equity  43 39  - 
 Automobile loans  3 3  - 
Total impaired loans and leases with no related allowance  891 814  - 
Total impaired loans and leases $3,620 3,353 (a)367 

  • Includes $869, $1,241 and $444, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on accrual status; $228, $84 and $52, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on nonaccrual status.
  • Excludes five restructured loans at December 31, 2013 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an unpaid principal balance of $28, a recorded investment of $28, and an allowance of $11.

The following table summarizes the Bancorp’s average impaired loans and leases and interest income by class:
             
     For the three months ended For the three months ended
     March 31, 2014 March 31, 2013
     AverageInterest AverageInterest
     RecordedIncome RecordedIncome
($ in millions)   InvestmentRecognized InvestmentRecognized
Commercial:           
 Commercial and industrial loans   $832 5 $339 2
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans(a)   162 1  140 1
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans   273 2  341 2
 Commercial construction loans   114  -  110 1
 Commercial leases   22  -  11  -
Restructured residential mortgage loans   1,312 13  1,306 13
Restructured consumer:           
 Home equity   406 5  439 6
 Automobile loans   24  -  32  -
 Credit card   57 1  73 1
 Other consumer loans and leases     -  -   2  -
Total impaired loans and leases  $3,202 27 $2,793 26

  • Excludes five restructured loans associated with a consolidated variable interest entity in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an average recorded investment of $28 and $30 at March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

       
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectability of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain; restructured commercial and credit card loans which have not yet met the requirements to be classified as a performing asset; restructured consumer loans which are 90 days past due based on the restructured terms unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection; and certain other assets, including OREO and other repossessed property. The following table summarizes the Bancorp’s nonperforming loans and leases, by class, as of:
       
   March 31,December 31,
($ in millions) 20142013
Commercial:     
 Commercial and industrial loans $297 281 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans(a)  87 95 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans 59 48 
 Commercial construction loans 17 29 
 Commercial leases 4 5 
Total commercial loans and leases 464 458 
Residential mortgage loans 141 166 
Consumer:     
 Home equity 94 93 
 Automobile loans 1 1 
 Credit card 33 33 
Total consumer loans and leases 128 127 
Total nonperforming loans and leases(b) (c)$733 751 
OREO and other repossessed property(d) 213 229 

  • Excludes $21 of restructured nonaccrual loans at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party.
  • Excludes $3 and $6 of nonaccrual loans held for sale at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
  • Includes $9 and $10 of nonaccrual government insured commercial loans whose repayments are insured by the SBA at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and $2 of restructured nonaccrual government insured commercial loans at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
  • Excludes $85 and $77 of OREO related to government insured loans at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

 

Troubled Debt Restructurings

If a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the Bancorp may consider, in certain circumstances, modifying the terms of their loan to maximize collection of amounts due. Within each of the Bancorp's loan classes, TDRs typically involve either a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the loan's maturity date(s) with a stated rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, or in limited circumstances, a reduction of the principal balance of the loan or the loan's accrued interest. Modifying the terms of loans may result in an increase or decrease to the ALLL depending upon the terms modified, the method used to measure the ALLL for a loan prior to modification, and whether any charge-offs were recorded on the loan before or at the time of modification. Refer to the ALLL section of Note 1 in the Bancorp's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 for information on the Bancorp's ALLL methodology. Upon modification of a loan, the Bancorp measures the related impairment as the difference between the estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective yield of the loan, expected to be collected on the modified loan and the carrying value of the loan. The resulting measurement may result in the need for minimal or no valuation allowance because it is probable that all cash flows will be collected under the modified terms of the loan. In addition, if the stated interest rate was increased in a TDR, the cash flows on the modified loan, using the pre-modification interest rate as the discount rate, often exceed the recorded investment of the loan. Conversely, the Bancorp often recognizes an impairment loss as an increase to the ALLL upon a modification that reduces the stated interest rate on a loan.

 

If a TDR involves a reduction of the principal balance of the loan or the loan's accrued interest, that amount is charged off to the ALLL. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Bancorp had $49 million and $46 million in line of credit commitments and $37 million and $40 million in letter of credit commitments, respectively, to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms have been modified in a TDR.

The following table provides a summary of loans modified in a TDR by the Bancorp during the three months ended:
           
    Recorded investmentIncrease  
  Number of loansin loans modified(Decrease)Charge-offs
  modified in a TDRin a TDR to ALLL uponrecognized upon
March 31, 2014 ($ in millions)(a)during the period(b)during the periodmodificationmodification
Commercial:         
 Commercial and industrial loans 22 $19  (4)  - 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans16  12  (1)  - 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans7  6  (1)  - 
Residential mortgage loans310  45 3  - 
Consumer:         
 Home equity35  1  -  - 
 Automobile loans116  2  -  - 
 Credit card1,951  12 2  - 
Total portfolio loans and leases2,457 $97  (1)  - 
           
    Recorded investmentIncrease  
  Number of loansin loans modified(Decrease)Charge-offs
  modified in a TDRin a TDR to ALLL uponrecognized upon
March 31, 2013 ($ in millions)(a)during the period(b)during the periodmodificationmodification
Commercial:         
 Commercial and industrial loans 20 $9  1  1 
 Commercial mortgage owner occupied loans(c)10  4  (1)  - 
 Commercial mortgage non-owner occupied loans15  17  (1)  - 
 Commercial construction loans 1   6  (1)  - 
Residential mortgage loans394  61  8  - 
Consumer:         
 Home equity326  17  -  - 
 Automobile loans115  7  -  - 
 Credit card2,312  14  2  - 
Total portfolio loans and leases3,193 $135  8  1 

  • Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.
  • Represents number of loans post-modification.
  • Excludes five loans modified in a TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2013 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party. The TDR had a recorded investment of $29, ALLL increased $7 upon modification, and a charge-off of $2 was recognized upon modification.

The Bancorp considers TDRs that become 90 days or more past due under the modified terms as subsequently defaulted. For commercial loans not subject to individual review for impairment, the historical loss rates that are applied to such commercial loans for purposes of determining the allowance include historical losses associated with subsequent defaults on loans previously modified in a TDR. For consumer loans, the Bancorp performs a qualitative assessment of the adequacy of the consumer ALLL by comparing the consumer ALLL to forecasted consumer losses over the projected loss emergence period (the forecasted losses include the impact of subsequent defaults of consumer TDRs). When a residential mortgage, home equity, auto or other consumer loan that has been modified in a TDR subsequently defaults, the present value of expected cash flows used in the measurement of the potential impairment loss is generally limited to the expected net proceeds from the sale of the loan's underlying collateral and any resulting impairment loss is reflected as a charge-off or an increase in ALLL. When a credit card loan that has been modified in a TDR subsequently defaults, the calculation of the impairment loss is consistent with the Bancorp's calculation for other credit card loans that have become 90 days or more past due.

 

The following table provides a summary of subsequent defaults of TDRs that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and within 12 months of the restructuring date:
       
  Number of Recorded
March 31, 2014 ($ in millions)(a)Contracts Investment
Commercial:     
 Commercial and industrial loans 6 $14 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans2  3 
Residential mortgage loans41  6 
Consumer:     
 Home equity10   - 
 Automobile loans 2   - 
 Credit card507  3 
Total portfolio loans and leases568 $26 
       
  Number of Recorded
March 31, 2013 ($ in millions)(a)Contracts Investment
Residential mortgage loans42 $8 
Consumer:     
 Home equity14  1 
 Automobile loans3   - 
 Credit card515  3 
Total portfolio loans and leases574 $12 

  • Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.