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Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

6. Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The Bancorp disaggregates ALLL balances and transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment. Credit quality related disclosures for loans and leases are further disaggregated by class. The disaggregated disclosure requirements relating to information as of the end of a reporting period do not apply to periods ending before December 31, 2010. The disaggregated disclosure requirements relating to activity that occurs during a reporting period do not apply to periods beginning before December 15, 2010.

 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The following table summarizes transactions in the ALLL:

           
  For the three months For the nine months
  ended September 30,ended September 30,
($ in millions) 2011201020112010
Balance, beginning of period$ 2,614  3,693  3,004  3,749 
 Impact of change in accounting principle  -  -  -  45 
 Losses charged off  (294)  (992)  (1,034)  (2,086) 
 Recoveries of losses previously charged off  32  36  101  114 
 Provision for loan and lease losses  87  457  368  1,372 
Balance, end of period$ 2,439  3,194  2,439  3,194 

The following tables summarize transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment:

The following tables provide a summary of the ALLL and related loans and leases classified by portfolio segment:

  • Includes $14 related to leveraged leases.
  • Excludes $62 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, and includes $1,018 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income.

 

  • Includes $15 related to leveraged leases.
  • Excludes $46 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, and includes $1,039 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income.

 

 

Credit Risk Profile

For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: commercial and industrial, commercial mortgage owner-occupied, commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied, commercial construction and commercial leasing.

 

To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial portfolio segment, and for purposes of analyzing historical loss rates used in the determination of the ALLL for the commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp utilizes the following categories of credit grades: pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful or loss. The five categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers that do not have identified potential or well defined weaknesses and for which there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated periodically based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter.

 

The Bancorp assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases that have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or the Bancorp's credit position. 

 

The Bancorp assigns a substandard rating to loans and leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. Substandard loans and leases have well defined weaknesses or weaknesses that could jeopardize the orderly repayment of the debt. Loans and leases in this grade also are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bancorp will sustain some loss if the deficiencies noted are not addressed and corrected.

 

The Bancorp assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases that have all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a proposed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceeding, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral or refinancing plans.

 

Loans and leases classified as loss are considered uncollectible and are charged off in the period in which they are determined to be uncollectible. Because loans and leases in this category are fully charged down, they are not included in the following tables.

 

The following table summarizes the credit risk profile of the Bancorp's commercial portfolio segment, by class:

 

    Special      
As of September 30, 2011 ($ in millions) PassMentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and industrial loans$ 25,510  1,598  2,023 127  29,258 
Commercial mortgage loans owner-occupied  4,080  562  785  19  5,446 
Commercial mortgage loans nonowner-occupied  3,293  550  1,013  28  4,884 
Commercial construction loans  418  258  511  26  1,213 
Commercial leases  3,298  42  27  1  3,368 
Total$ 36,599  3,010  4,359  201  44,169 

For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its consumer portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: home equity, automobile loans, credit card, and other consumer loans and leases. The Bancorp's residential mortgage portfolio segment is also a separate class.

 

The Bancorp considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for residential mortgage and consumer loans. Residential mortgage loans that have principal and interest payments that have become past due 150 days are classified as nonperforming unless such loans are both well secured and in the process of collection. Home equity loans with principal and interest payments that have become past due 180 days are classified as nonperforming unless such loans are both well secured and in the process of collection. Automobile and other consumer loans and leases that have principal and interest payments that have become past due 120 days are classified as nonperforming unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Credit card loans that have been modified in a TDR are classified as nonperforming unless such loans have a sustained repayment performance of six months or greater and are reasonably assured of repayment in accordance with the restructured terms. Well secured loans are collateralized by perfected security interests in real and/or personal property for which the Bancorp estimates proceeds from sale would be sufficient to recover the outstanding principal and accrued interest balance of the loan and pay all costs to sell the collateral. The Bancorp considers a loan in the process of collection if collection efforts or legal action is proceeding and the Bancorp expects to collect funds sufficient to bring the loan current or recover the entire outstanding principal and accrued interest balance. The following table summarizes the credit risk profile of the Bancorp's residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class:

 

  September 30, 2011December 31, 2010
($ in millions) PerformingNonperformingPerformingNonperforming
Residential mortgage loans(a)$ 9,911  276  8,642  268 
Home equity  10,862  58  11,457  56 
Automobile loans  11,591  2  10,980  3 
Credit card  1,832  46  1,841  55 
Other consumer loans and leases  406  1  597  84 
Total$ 34,602  383  33,517  466 

  • Excludes $62 and $46 of loans measured at fair value at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

 

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases

The following tables summarize the Bancorp's recorded investment in portfolio loans and leases by age and class:

     Past Due    
   Current  90 Days     90 Days Past
As of September 30, 2011 Loans and 30-89 andTotal Total LoansDue and Still
($ in millions) LeasesDaysGreater(c)Past Dueand LeasesAccruing
Commercial:             
 Commercial and industrial loans $28,949 57 252 309 29,258 9 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 5,291 35 120 155 5,446 2 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 4,629 73 182 255 4,884 7 
 Commercial construction loans 1,024 11 178 189 1,213 44 
 Commercial leases 3,355 3 10 13 3,368 1 
Residential mortgage loans(a) (b) 9,721 107 359 466 10,187 91 
Consumer:             
 Home equity 10,651 128 141 269 10,920 83 
 Automobile loans 11,514 67 12 79 11,593 9 
 Credit card 1,777 32 69 101 1,878 28 
 Other consumer loans and leases  405 1 1 2 407 0 
Total portfolio loans and leases(a)$77,316 514 1,324 1,838 79,154 274 

  • Excludes $62 of loans measured at fair value.
  • Information for current residential mortgage loans includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. As of September 30, 2011, $33 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $291 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these advances.
  • Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases.

 

     Past Due    
   Current  90 Days     90 Days Past
As of December 31, 2010 Loans and 30-89andTotal Total LoansDue and Still
($ in millions) LeasesDaysGreater(c)Past Dueand LeasesAccruing
Commercial:             
 Commercial and industrial loans $26,687 201 303 504 27,191 16 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 5,151 50 139 189 5,340 8 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 5,252 38 215 253 5,505 3 
 Commercial construction loans 1,831 72 145 217 2,048 3 
 Commercial leases 3,361 10 7 17 3,378 0 
Residential mortgage loans(a) (b) 8,404 138 368 506 8,910 100 
Consumer:             
 Home equity 11,220 148 145 293 11,513 89 
 Automobile loans 10,872 96 15 111 10,983 13 
 Credit card 1,771 35 90 125 1,896 42 
 Other consumer loans and leases  672 3 6 9 681 0 
Total portfolio loans and leases(a)$75,221 791 1,433 2,224 77,445 274 

  • Excludes $46 of loans measured at fair value.
  • Information for current residential mortgage loans includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. As of December 31, 2010, $55 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $284 were 90 days or more past due.
  • Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases.

 

Impaired Loans and Leases

Larger commercial loans included within aggregate borrower relationship balances exceeding $1 million that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses are subject to individual review for impairment. The Bancorp also performs an individual review on loans that are restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. The Bancorp considers the current value of collateral, credit quality of any guarantees, the loan structure, and other factors when evaluating whether an individual loan is impaired. Other factors may include the geography and industry of the borrower, size and financial condition of the borrower, cash flow and leverage of the borrower, and the Bancorp's evaluation of the borrower's management. Smaller-balance homogenous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are not included in the following tables.

 

The following table summarizes the Bancorp's impaired loans and leases (by class) that were subject to individual review:

 

      Unpaid    
As of September 30, 2011   PrincipalRecorded   
($ in millions)   BalanceInvestmentAllowance
With a related allowance recorded:           
Commercial:           
 Commercial and industrial loans     $490 375 169 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans     49 36 5 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans     192 128 24 
 Commercial construction loans     155 102 19 
 Commercial leases     14 14 5 
Restructured residential mortgage loans     1,106 1,055 131 
Restructured consumer:           
 Home equity     399 395 46 
 Automobile loans     37 37 5 
 Credit card     101 90 14 
 Other consumer loans and leases      3 3 0 
Total impaired loans with a related allowance    $2,546 2,235 418 
With no related allowance recorded:           
Commercial:           
 Commercial and industrial loans     $296 233 0 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans     100 86 0 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans     166 142 0 
 Commercial construction loans     171 106 0 
 Commercial leases     6 6 0 
Restructured residential mortgage loans     237 192 0 
Restructured consumer:           
 Home equity     54 51 0 
 Automobile loans     5 5 0 
Total impaired loans with no related allowance     1,035 821 0 
Total impaired loans     $3,581 3,056 (a)418 

  • Includes $347, $1,103 and $500, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on accrual status; $189, $134 and $81, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on nonaccrual status.

 

 

The following table summarizes the Bancorp's average impaired loans and leases and interest income by class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011:

 

     For the three months endedFor the nine months ended
     September 30, 2011September 30, 2011
     AverageInterestAverageInterest
     RecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
($ in millions)   InvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
Commercial:           
 Commercial and industrial loans   $540 15 524 40 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans   116 5 121 15 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans   287 9 294 25 
 Commercial construction loans   190 8 185 19 
 Commercial leases   18 0 22 0 
Restructured residential mortgage loans   1,243 13 1,219 34 
Restructured consumer:           
 Home equity   446 17 445 34 
 Automobile loans   42 1 40 2 
 Credit card   95 1 97 3 
 Other consumer loans and leases    28 0 43 0 
Total impaired loans  $3,005 69 2,990 172 

The following table summarizes the Bancorp's impaired loans and leases (by class) that were subject to individual review:

 

   Unpaid    
As of December 31, 2010 PrincipalRecorded   
($ in millions) BalanceInvestmentAllowance
With a related allowance recorded:       
Commercial:       
 Commercial and industrial loans $404 291 128 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 49 37 4 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 386 202 40 
 Commercial construction loans 240 150 31 
 Commercial leases 15 15 7 
Restructured residential mortgage loans 1,126 1,071 121 
Restructured consumer:       
 Home equity 400 397 53 
 Automobile loans 33 32 5 
 Credit card 100 100 18 
 Other consumer loans and leases  78 78 31 
Total impaired loans with a related allowance$2,831 2,373 438 
With no related allowance recorded:       
Commercial:       
 Commercial and industrial loans $194 153 0 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 113 99 0 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 126 108 0 
 Commercial construction loans 24 8 0 
 Commercial leases 17 17 0 
Restructured residential mortgage loans 146 121 0 
Restructured consumer:       
 Home equity 48 46 0 
 Automobile loans 6 6 0 
Total impaired loans with no related allowance 674 558 0 
Total impaired loans $3,505 2,931 (a)438 

  • Includes $228, $1,066 and $492, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on accrual status; $141, $116 and $90, respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer TDRs on nonaccrual status.

 

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, interest income of $53 million and $164 million, respectively, was recognized on impaired loans that had an average balance of $3.1 billion for both periods.

Nonperforming Assets

The following table summarizes the Bancorp's nonperforming assets as of:

 

   September 30,December 31,September 30,
($ in millions) 201120102010
 Nonaccrual loans and leases$1,134 1,333 1,378 
 Restructured nonaccrual loans and leases 404 347 206 
Total nonperforming loans and leases 1,538 1,680 1,584 
 OREO and other repossessed property(a) 406 494 498 
Total nonperforming assets(b) 1,944 2,174 2,082 
Total loans and leases 90 days past due and still accruing$274 274 317 

  • Excludes $58, $38 and $35 of OREO related to government insured loans at September 30, 2011, December 31, 2010 and September 30, 2010, respectively.
  • Excludes $197, $294 and $699 of nonaccrual loans held for sale at September 30, 2011, December 31, 2010 and September 30, 2010, respectively.

 

 

The following table summarizes the Bancorp's nonperforming loans and leases, by class, as of:

 

  • Excludes $197 and $294 of nonaccrual loans held for sale at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

If a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the Bancorp may consider, in certain circumstances, modifying the terms of their loan to maximize collection of amounts due. Typically, these modifications reduce the loan interest rate, extend the loan term, or in limited circumstances, reduce their principal balance of the loan. These modifications are classified as TDRs.

 

Within each of the Bancorp's loan classes, TDRs typically involve either a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the loan's maturity date(s) at a stated rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, or in limited circumstances, a reduction of the face amount of the loan or the loan's accrued interest. Upon modification, an impairment loss is recognized as an increase to the ALLL and is measured as the difference between the original loan's carrying amount and the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the original, effective yield of the loan. If a portion of the original loan's face amount is determined to be uncollectible at the time of modification, or if the TDR involves a reduction of the face amount of the loan or the loan's accrued interest, that amount is charged off to the ALLL.

 

The following table provides a summary of loans modified in a TDR by the Bancorp during the three months ended September 30, 2011:

    Recorded investmentIncrease  
  Number of loansin loans modified(Decrease)Charge-offs
 modified in a TDRin a TDR to ALLL uponrecognized upon
($ in millions)(a)during the period(b)during the periodmodificationmodification
Commercial:         
 Commercial and industrial loans 7 $33  (2) 0 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans7  5  (4) 0 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans15  44  (4) 0 
 Commercial construction loans4  22  - 0 
Residential mortgage loans384  79 8 0 
Consumer:         
 Home equity347  21 1 0 
 Automobile loans371  7 1 0 
 Credit card2,781  17 2 0 
Total portfolio loans and leases3,916 $228  2 0 

  • Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.
  • Represents number of loans post-modification.

 

 

The following table provides a summary of loans modified in a TDR by the Bancorp during the nine months ended September 30, 2011:

    Recorded investmentIncrease  
  Number of loansin loans modified(Decrease)Charge-offs
 modified in a TDRin a TDR to ALLL uponrecognized upon
($ in millions)(a)during the period(b)during the periodmodificationmodification
Commercial:         
 Commercial and industrial loans 35 $113  2 1 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans15  20  (6) 7 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans28  77  (17) 3 
 Commercial construction loans9  43  (4) 0 
 Commercial leases2  0 0 0 
Residential mortgage loans1,273  255 26 0 
Consumer:         
 Home equity999  61 1 0 
 Automobile loans1,135  21 2 0 
 Credit card9,188  61 9 0 
Total portfolio loans and leases12,684 $651  13 11 

  • Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.
  • Represents number of loans post-modification.

 

The Bancorp considers TDRs that become 90 days or more past due under the modified terms as subsequently defaulted. The following table provides a summary of subsequent defaults that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and within 12 months of the restructuring date:

 

  Number of Recorded
($ in millions)(a)Contracts Investment
Commercial:     
 Commercial and industrial loans 1 $13 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans2  1 
 Commercial construction loans1  1 
Residential mortgage loans75  12 
Consumer:     
 Home equity49  3 
 Automobile loans8  0 
 Credit card14  0 
Total portfolio loans and leases150 $30 

  • Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.

 

The following table provides a summary of subsequent defaults that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and within 12 months of the restructuring date:

  Number of Recorded
($ in millions)(a)Contracts Investment
Commercial:     
 Commercial and industrial loans 7 $20 
 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans3  1 
 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans7  5 
 Commercial construction loans5  7 
 Commercial leases5  3 
Residential mortgage loans235  39 
Consumer:     
 Home equity172  11 
 Automobile loans20  1 
 Credit card60  1 
Total portfolio loans and leases514 $88 

  • Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.