10-Q 1 d10q.htm QUARTERLY REPORT Quarterly Report
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2008

Commission File Number 001-33653

 

 

LOGO

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Ohio   31-0854434

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

Fifth Third Center

Cincinnati, Ohio 45263

(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (513) 534-5300

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer   x    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

There were 577,529,636 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, without par value, outstanding as of June 30, 2008.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

LOGO

INDEX

 

Part I. Financial Information

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Item 2)

  

Selected Financial Data

   3

Overview

   4

Recent Accounting Standards

   5

Critical Accounting Policies

   6

Statements of Income Analysis

   10

Business Segment Review

   17

Balance Sheet Analysis

   23

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk (Item 3)

  

Risk Management – Overview

   28

Credit Risk Management

   29

Market Risk Management

   36

Liquidity Risk Management

   38

Capital Management

   39

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

   40

Controls and Procedures (Item 4)

   42

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (Item 1)

  

Balance Sheets (unaudited)

   43

Statements of Income (unaudited)

   44

Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited)

   45

Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

   46

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

   47
Part II. Other Information   

Legal Proceedings (Item 1)

   70

Risk Factors (Item 1A)

   70

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds (Item 2)

   70

Exhibits (Item 6)

   71

Signatures

   72

Certifications

  

This report may contain forward-looking statements about Fifth Third Bancorp and/or the company as combined acquired entities within the meaning of Sections 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 175 promulgated thereunder, and 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 3b-6 promulgated thereunder, that involve inherent risks and uncertainties. This report may contain certain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of Fifth Third Bancorp and/or the combined company including statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words or phrases such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “trend,” “objective,” “continue,” “remain” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “can,” “may” or similar expressions. There are a number of important factors that could cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to: (1) general economic conditions and weakening in the economy, specifically the real estate market, either national or in the states in which Fifth Third, one or more acquired entities and/or the combined company do business, are less favorable than expected; (2) deteriorating credit quality; (3) political developments, wars or other hostilities may disrupt or increase volatility in securities markets or other economic conditions; (4) changes in the interest rate environment reduce interest margins; (5) prepayment speeds, loan origination and sale volumes, charge-offs and loan loss provisions; (6) Fifth Third’s ability to maintain required capital levels and adequate sources of funding and liquidity; (7) changes and trends in capital markets; (8) competitive pressures among depository institutions increase significantly; (9) effects of critical accounting policies and judgments; (10) changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) or other regulatory agencies; (11) legislative or regulatory changes or actions, or significant litigation, adversely affect Fifth Third, one or more acquired entities and/or the combined company or the businesses in which Fifth Third, one or more acquired entities and/or the combined company are engaged; (12) ability to maintain favorable ratings from rating agencies; (13) fluctuation of Fifth Third’s stock price; (14) ability to attract and retain key personnel; (15) ability to receive dividends from its subsidiaries; (16) potentially dilutive effect of future acquisitions on current shareholders’ ownership of Fifth Third; (17) effects of accounting or financial results of one or more acquired entities; (18) difficulties in combining the operations of acquired entities; (19) inability to generate the gains on sale and related increase in shareholders’ equity that it anticipates from the sale of certain non-core businesses, (20) loss of income from the sale of certain non-core businesses could have an adverse effect on Fifth Third’s earnings and future growth (21) ability to secure confidential information through the use of computer systems and telecommunications networks; and (22) the impact of reputational risk created by these developments on such matters as business generation and retention, funding and liquidity. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements is available in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Copies of this filing are available at no cost on the SEC’s Web site at www.sec.gov or on Fifth Third’s web site at www.53.com. Fifth Third undertakes no obligation to release revisions to these forward-looking statements or reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report.

 

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Table of Contents

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Item 2)

The following is management’s discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected Fifth Third Bancorp’s (“Bancorp” or “Fifth Third”) financial condition and results of operations during the periods included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which are a part of this filing. Reference to the Bancorp incorporates the parent holding company and all consolidated subsidiaries.

TABLE 1: Selected Financial Data

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   Percent
Change
    For the six months
ended June 30,
   Percent
Change
 
($ in millions, except per share data)    2008     2007      2008     2007   

Income Statement Data

              

Net interest income (a)

   $ 744     745    —       $ 1,570     1,487    6  

Noninterest income

     722     669    8       1,587     1,277    24  

Total revenue (a)

     1,466     1,414    4       3,157     2,764    14  

Provision for loan and lease losses

     719     121    492       1,263     205    515  

Noninterest expense

     858     765    12       1,576     1,517    4  

Net income (loss)

     (202 )   376    NM       84     735    (89 )

Common Share Data

              

Earnings (loss) per share, basic

   $ (.37 )   .69    NM     $ .16     1.35    (88 )

Earnings (loss) per share, diluted

     (.37 )   .69    NM       .16     1.34    (88 )

Cash dividends per common share

     .15     .42    (64 )     .59     .84    (30 )

Book value per share

     16.75     17.14    (2 )       

Dividend payout ratio

     NM     59.7    NM       380.0 %   62.0    513  

Financial Ratios

              

Return on average assets

     (.73 )%   1.49    NM       .15 %   1.48    (90 )

Return on average equity

     (8.4 )   15.7    NM       1.8     15.1    (88 )

Average equity as a percent of average assets

     8.59     9.53    (10 )     8.51     9.78    (13 )

Tangible equity

     6.37     7.18    (11 )       

Tangible common equity

     5.40     7.17    (25 )       

Net interest margin (a)

     3.04     3.37    (10 )     3.22     3.40    (5 )

Efficiency (a)

     58.6     54.1    8       49.9     54.9    (9 )

Credit Quality

              

Net losses charged off

   $ 344     102    237     $ 620     173    258  

Net losses charged off as a percent of average loans and leases

     1.66 %   .55    202       1.52 %   .47    223  

Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of loans and leases

     1.85     1.06    75         

Allowance for credit losses as a percent of loans and leases (b)

     1.98     1.16    71         

Nonperforming assets as a percent of loans, leases and other assets, including other real estate owned

     2.56     .70    266         

Average Balances

              

Loans and leases, including held for sale

   $ 85,212     77,048    11     $ 85,062     76,457    11  

Total securities and other short-term investments

     13,363     11,741    14       12,980     11,726    11  

Total assets

     112,098     100,767    11       111,694     99,984    12  

Transaction deposits (c)

     53,763     50,932    6       53,610     50,520    6  

Core deposits (d)

     63,280     61,712    3       63,811     61,428    4  

Wholesale funding (e)

     35,160     25,393    38       34,189     24,796    38  

Shareholders’ equity

     9,629     9,599    —         9,504     9,783    (3 )

Regulatory Capital Ratios

              

Tier I capital

     8.51 %   8.13    5         

Total risk-based capital

     12.15     10.54    15         

Tier I leverage

     9.08     8.76    4         

 

(a) Amounts presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis. The taxable equivalent adjustments for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are $6 million and for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are $11 million and $12 million, respectively.
(b) The allowance for credit losses is the sum of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments.
(c) Includes demand, interest checking, savings, money market and foreign office deposits.
(d) Includes transaction deposits plus other time deposits.
(e) Includes certificates $100,000 and over, other foreign office deposits, federal funds purchased, short-term borrowings and long-term debt.
NM Not meaningful

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

OVERVIEW

This overview of management’s discussion and analysis highlights selected information in the financial results of the Bancorp and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of trends, events, commitments, uncertainties, liquidity, capital resources and critical accounting policies and estimates, you should carefully read this entire document. Each of these items could have an impact on the Bancorp’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Bancorp is a diversified financial services company headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. At June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had $115.0 billion in assets, operated 18 affiliates with 1,308 full-service Banking Centers including 97 Bank Mart® locations open seven days a week inside select grocery stores and 2,329 Jeanie® ATMs in the Midwestern and Southeastern regions of the United States. The Bancorp reports on five business segments: Commercial Banking, Branch Banking, Consumer Lending, Fifth Third Processing Solutions (“FTPS”) and Investment Advisors.

The Bancorp believes that banking is first and foremost a relationship business where the strength of the competition and challenges for growth can vary in every market. Its affiliate operating model provides a competitive advantage by keeping the decisions close to the customer and by emphasizing individual relationships. Through its affiliate operating model, individual managers from the banking center to the executive level are given the opportunity to tailor financial solutions for their customers.

The Bancorp’s revenues are fairly evenly dependent on net interest income and noninterest income. For the three months ended June 30, 2008, net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, and noninterest income provided 51% and 49% of total revenue, respectively. Therefore, changes in interest rates, credit quality, economic trends and the capital markets are primary factors that drive the performance of the Bancorp. As discussed later in the Risk Management section, risk identification, measurement, monitoring, control and reporting are important to the management of risk and to the financial performance and capital strength of the Bancorp.

Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on assets such as loans, leases and securities, and interest expense incurred on liabilities such as deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. Net interest income is affected by the general level of interest rates, the relative level of short-term and long-term interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Generally, the rates of interest the Bancorp earns on its assets and pays on its liabilities are established for a period of time. The change in market interest rates over time exposes the Bancorp to interest rate risk through potential adverse changes to net interest income and financial position. The Bancorp manages this risk by continually analyzing and adjusting the composition of its assets and liabilities based on their payment streams and interest rates, the timing of their maturities and their sensitivity to changes in market interest rates. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, the Bancorp enters into certain derivative transactions as part of its overall strategy to manage its interest rate and prepayment risks. The Bancorp is also exposed to the risk of losses on its loan and lease portfolio as a result of changing expected cash flows caused by loan defaults and inadequate collateral due to a weakening economy within the Bancorp’s footprint.

Net interest income, net interest margin, net interest rate spread and the efficiency ratio are presented in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations on an FTE basis. The FTE basis adjusts for the tax-favored status of income from certain loans and securities held by the Bancorp that are not taxable for federal income tax purposes. The Bancorp believes this presentation to be the preferred industry measurement of net interest income as it provides a relevant comparison between taxable and non-taxable amounts.

Noninterest income is derived primarily from electronic funds transfer (“EFT”) and merchant transaction processing fees, card interchange, fiduciary and investment management fees, corporate banking revenue, service charges on deposits and mortgage banking revenue. Noninterest expense is primarily driven by personnel costs and occupancy expenses, in addition to expenses incurred in the processing of credit and debit card transactions for its customers and merchant and financial institution clients.

On May 2, 2008, the Bancorp completed its acquisition of nine branches located in Atlanta from First Horizon National Corporation (“First Horizon”). On June 6, 2008, the Bancorp completed its acquisition of First Charter Corporation (“First Charter”), a regional financial services company with assets of $4.8 billion and that operates 57 branches in North Carolina and 2 in suburban Atlanta, paying $31.00 per First Charter share, or approximately $1.1 billion.

Earnings Summary

The Bancorp’s net loss was $202 million in the second quarter of 2008, compared to net income of $376 million for the same period last year. Second quarter 2008 results reflected the $229 million after-tax impact of charges relating to leveraged leases, which consisted of approximately $130 million pre-tax, reflected as a reduction in interest income, and an increase of approximately $140 million in tax expense required for interest. The leveraged lease charges were deemed necessary due to recent court decisions related to leveraged leases and uncertainty regarding the outcome of outstanding litigation involving certain of the Bancorp’s leveraged leases. Current quarter results also reflect an increase in the provision for loan and lease losses due to the continuing deterioration in credit quality and collateral values within the Bancorp’s footprint, particularly in Michigan and Florida.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Net interest income (FTE) was flat compared to the same period last year, at $744 million versus $745 million. Net interest margin was 3.04% in the second quarter of 2008, a decrease of 33 basis points (“bp”) from the second quarter of 2007. Net interest income was impacted by the previously mentioned $130 million charge related to certain leveraged lease transactions, which corresponded to a 53 bp impact on net interest margin. Additionally, net interest income for the current quarter benefited from $31 million in accretion due to fair value purchase accounting adjustments related to the First Charter acquisition, which corresponded to a 13 bp impact on net interest margin. Net interest margin was also impacted by lower funding costs and an 11% increase in average loans and leases.

Noninterest income increased eight percent, from $669 million to $722 million, over the same quarter last year. The increase from a year ago was due to double-digit growth in electronic payment processing revenue, deposit service charges, corporate banking revenue and mortgage banking revenue. Electronic payment processing revenue increased due to growth in each of its product lines: merchant, financial institutions and card issuer interchange. The increase in deposit service charges can be attributed to a decrease in earnings credits on commercial deposits and an increase in deposit fees from higher customer activity for consumer deposits. Growth in corporate banking revenue was broad-based in comparison to the prior year quarter. Mortgage banking revenue increased compared to the prior year quarter due to growth in originations, higher sale margins and the impact of the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS No. 159”) on residential mortgage loans held for sale.

Noninterest expense increased 12% compared to the second quarter of 2007. Noninterest expense in the second quarter of 2008 included acquisition-related expenses totaling $13 million resulting from the First Charter acquisition and First Horizon branch acquisition during the quarter. The increase in noninterest expense can also be attributed to approximately $17 million in mortgage origination costs related to the adoption of SFAS No. 159 that were historically recorded in mortgage banking net revenue. Noninterest expense also grew due to increases in volume-related processing expense, incentive compensation, branch expansion related expenses as well as investments in technology.

The Bancorp maintains a conservative approach to both lending and investing activities as it does not originate subprime loans, nor does it hold asset-backed securities backed by subprime loans in its securities portfolio. However, the Bancorp has exposure to the housing markets, which continued to weaken considerably during the second quarter of 2008, particularly in the upper Midwest and Florida. Consequently, the provision for loan and lease losses increased to $719 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to $121 million during the second quarter of 2007. In addition, net charge-offs as a percent of average loans and leases were 1.66% in the second quarter of 2008 compared to .55% in the second quarter of 2007. At June 30, 2008, nonperforming assets as a percent of loans, leases and other assets, including other real estate owned increased to 2.56% from .70% at June 30, 2007. Refer to the Credit Risk Management section in Management’s Discussion and Analysis for more information on credit quality.

The Bancorp’s capital ratios exceed the “well-capitalized” guidelines as defined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”). As of June 30, 2008, the Tier I capital ratio was 8.51%, the Tier I leverage ratio was 9.08% and the total risk-based capital ratio was 12.15%. These capital ratios were strengthened in the second quarter of 2008 as a result of the Bancorp’s issuance of capital totaling approximately $1.1 billion in the form of convertible preferred stock. The Bancorp had senior debt ratings of “Aa3” from Moody’s, “A+” from Standard & Poor’s, “A+” from Fitch Ratings and “AAL” from DBRS Ltd. at June 30, 2008, which indicate the Bancorp’s strong capacity to meet financial commitments. The “well-capitalized” capital ratios along with strong credit ratings provide the Bancorp with access to the capital markets.

The Bancorp continues to invest in the geographic areas that offer the best growth prospects through acquisitions and de novo expansion, while at the same time meeting the banking needs of our existing communities through a well-distributed banking center network. During the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp opened 76 additional banking centers including banking centers from acquisitions. New banking centers in the remainder of 2008 will mostly be in high growth markets such as Florida, Chicago, Tennessee, Georgia and North Carolina.

RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Note 2 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides a discussion of the significant new accounting standards adopted by the Bancorp during 2008 and 2007 and the expected impact of significant accounting standards issued but not yet required to be adopted.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Certain accounting polices require management to exercise judgment in determining methodologies, economic assumptions and estimates that may materially affect the value of the Bancorp’s assets or liabilities and results of operations and cash flows. The Bancorp has five critical accounting policies, which include the accounting for allowance for loan and lease losses, reserve for unfunded commitments, income taxes, valuation of servicing rights and fair value measurements.

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The Bancorp maintains an allowance to absorb probable loan and lease losses inherent in the portfolio. The allowance is maintained at a level the Bancorp considers to be adequate and is based on ongoing quarterly assessments and evaluations of the collectibility and historical loss experience of loans and leases. Credit losses are charged and recoveries are credited to the allowance. Provisions for loan and lease losses are based on the Bancorp’s review of the historical credit loss experience and such factors that, in management’s judgment, deserve consideration under existing economic conditions in estimating probable credit losses. In determining the appropriate level of the allowance, the Bancorp estimates losses using a range derived from “base” and “conservative” estimates. The Bancorp’s strategy for credit risk management includes a combination of conservative exposure limits significantly below legal lending limits and conservative underwriting, documentation and collections standards. The strategy also emphasizes diversification on a geographic, industry and customer level, regular credit examinations and quarterly management reviews of large credit exposures and loans experiencing deterioration of credit quality.

Larger commercial loans that exhibit probable or observed credit weakness are subject to individual review. When individual loans are impaired, allowances are allocated based on management’s estimate of the borrower’s ability to repay the loan given the availability of collateral and other sources of cash flow, as well as an evaluation of legal options available to the Bancorp. The review of individual loans includes those loans that are impaired as provided in SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan.” Any allowances for impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the underlying collateral. The Bancorp evaluates the collectibility of both principal and interest when assessing the need for a loss accrual. Historical loss rates are applied to commercial loans which are not impaired and thus not subject to specific allowance allocations. The loss rates are derived from a migration analysis, which tracks the historical net charge-off experience sustained on loans according to their internal risk grade. The risk grading system currently utilized for allowance analysis purposes encompasses ten categories.

Homogenous loans and leases, such as consumer installment and residential mortgage, are not individually risk graded. Rather, standard credit scoring systems and delinquency monitoring are used to assess credit risks. Allowances are established for each pool of loans based on the expected net charge-offs. Loss rates are based on the average net charge-off history by loan category. Historical loss rates for commercial and consumer loans may be adjusted for significant factors that, in management’s judgment, are necessary to reflect losses inherent in the portfolio. Factors that management considers in the analysis include the effects of the national and local economies; trends in the nature and volume of delinquencies, charge-offs and nonaccrual loans; changes in mix; credit score migration comparisons; asset quality trends; risk management and loan administration; changes in the internal lending policies and credit standards; collection practices; and examination results from bank regulatory agencies and the Bancorp’s internal credit examiners.

The Bancorp’s current methodology for determining the allowance for loan and lease losses is based on historical loss rates, current credit grades, specific allocation on impaired commercial credits and other qualitative adjustments. Allowances on individual loans and historical loss rates are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as necessary based on changing borrower and/or collateral conditions and actual collection and charge-off experience. An unallocated allowance is maintained to recognize the imprecision in estimating and measuring loss when evaluating allowances for individual loans or pools of loans.

Loans acquired by the Bancorp through a purchase business combination are evaluated for credit impairment at acquisition. Reductions to the carrying value of the acquired loans as a result of credit impairment are recorded as an adjustment to goodwill. The Bancorp does not carry over the acquired company’s allowance for loan and lease losses, nor does the Bancorp add to its existing allowance for the acquired loans as part of purchase accounting.

The Bancorp’s determination of the allowance for commercial loans is sensitive to the risk grade it assigns to these loans. In the event that 10% of commercial loans in each risk category would experience a downgrade of one risk category, the allowance for commercial loans would increase by approximately $108 million at June 30, 2008. The Bancorp’s determination of the allowance for residential and retail loans is sensitive to changes in estimated loss rates. In the event that estimated loss rates would increase by 10%, the allowance for residential and consumer loans would increase by approximately $61 million at June 30, 2008. As several quantitative and qualitative factors are considered in determining the allowance for loan and lease losses, these sensitivity analyses do not necessarily reflect the nature and extent of future changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses. They are intended to provide insights into the impact of adverse changes in risk grades and estimated loss rates and do not imply any expectation of future deterioration in the risk ratings or loss rates. Given current processes employed by the Bancorp, management believes the risk grades and estimated loss rates currently assigned are appropriate.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The Bancorp’s primary market areas for lending are the Midwestern and Southeastern regions of the United States. When evaluating the adequacy of allowances, consideration is given to these regional geographic concentrations and the closely associated effect changing economic conditions have on the Bancorp’s customers.

In the current year, the Bancorp has not substantively changed any material aspect of its overall approach to determining its allowance for loan and lease losses. There have been no material changes in criteria or estimation techniques as compared to prior periods that impacted the determination of the current period allowance for loan and lease losses.

Reserve for Unfunded Commitments

The reserve for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb estimated probable losses related to unfunded credit facilities. The determination of the adequacy of the reserve is based upon an evaluation of the unfunded credit facilities, including an assessment of historical commitment utilization experience, credit risk grading and credit grade migration. Net adjustments to the reserve for unfunded commitments are included in other noninterest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Taxes

The Bancorp estimates income tax expense based on amounts expected to be owed to the various tax jurisdictions in which the Bancorp conducts business. On a quarterly basis, management assesses the reasonableness of its effective tax rate based upon its current estimate of the amount and components of net income, tax credits and the applicable statutory tax rates expected for the full year. The estimated income tax expense is recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the balance sheet method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is based on the tax effects of the differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities and recognizes enacted changes in tax rates and laws. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent they exist and are subject to a valuation allowance based on management’s judgment that realization is more-likely-than-not. Deferred taxes are reported in accrued taxes, interest and expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Accrued taxes represent the net estimated amount due to taxing jurisdictions and are reported in accrued taxes, interest and expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Bancorp evaluates and assesses the relative risks and appropriate tax treatment of transactions and filing positions after considering statutes, regulations, judicial precedent and other information and maintains tax accruals consistent with its evaluation of these relative risks and merits. Changes to the estimate of accrued taxes occur periodically due to changes in tax rates, interpretations of tax laws, the status of examinations being conducted by taxing authorities and changes to statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance that impact the relative risks of tax positions. These changes, when they occur, can affect deferred taxes and accrued taxes as well as the current period’s income tax expense and can be significant to the operating results of the Bancorp. As described in greater detail in Note 9 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) is currently challenging the Bancorp’s tax treatment of certain leasing transactions. For additional information on income taxes, see Note 11 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Valuation of Servicing Rights

When the Bancorp sells loans through either securitizations or individual loan sales in accordance with its investment policies, it often obtains servicing rights. Servicing rights resulting from loan sales are initially recorded at fair value and subsequently amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income. Servicing rights are assessed for impairment monthly, based on fair value, with temporary impairment recognized through a valuation allowance and permanent impairment recognized through a write-off of the servicing asset and related valuation allowance. Key economic assumptions used in measuring any potential impairment of the servicing rights include the prepayment speeds of the underlying loans, the weighted-average life, the discount rate, the weighted-average coupon and the weighted-average default rate, as applicable. The primary risk of material changes to the value of the servicing rights resides in the potential volatility in the economic assumptions used, particularly the prepayment speeds.

The Bancorp monitors risk and adjusts its valuation allowance as necessary to adequately reserve for any probable impairment in the servicing portfolio. For purposes of measuring impairment, the servicing rights are stratified into classes based on the financial asset type and interest rates. Fees received for servicing loans owned by investors are based on a percentage of the outstanding monthly principal balance of such loans and are included in noninterest income as loan payments are received. Costs of servicing loans are charged to expense as incurred.

The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) at June 30, 2008 due to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in the current prepayment assumption would be approximately $30 million and $57 million, respectively, and due to immediate 10% and 20% favorable changes in the current prepayment assumption would be approximately $33 million and $68 million, respectively.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The change in the fair value of the MSR portfolio at June 30, 2008 due to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in the discount rate assumption would be approximately $27 million and $52 million, respectively, and due to immediate 10% and 20% favorable changes in the discount rate assumption would be approximately $29 million and $61 million, respectively. The sensitivity analysis related to other consumer and commercial servicing rights is not material to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the figures indicate, changes in fair value based on a 10% and 20% variation in assumptions typically cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the interests that continue to be held by the transferor is calculated without changing any other assumption; in reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. Additionally, the effect of the Bancorp’s non-qualifying hedging strategy, which is maintained to lessen the impact of changes in value of the MSR portfolio, is excluded from the above analysis.

Fair Value Measurements

Effective January 1, 2008, the Bancorp adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, which provides a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 addresses the valuation techniques used to measure fair value. These valuation techniques include the market approach, income approach and cost approach. The market approach uses prices or relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach involves converting future amounts to a single present amount. The measurement is valued based on current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that currently would be required to replace the service capacity of the asset.

SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the instrument’s fair value measurement. The three levels within the fair value hierarchy are described as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Bancorp has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability for which there is little, if any, market activity at the measurement date. Unobservable inputs reflect the Bancorp’s own assumptions about what market participants would use to price the asset or liability. The inputs are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances, which might include the Bancorp’s own financial data such as internally developed pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the fair value determination requires significant management judgment.

The Bancorp measures financial assets and liabilities at fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157. These measurements involve various valuation techniques and models, which involve inputs that are observable, when available, and include the following significant financial instruments: available-for-sale securities, residential mortgage loans held for sale and certain derivatives. The following is a summary of valuation techniques utilized by the Bancorp for its significant financial assets and liabilities.

Available-for-sale securities

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows and classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. A significant portion of the Bancorp’s available-for-sale securities are agency mortgage-backed securities that are fair valued using a market approach and the Bancorp has determined them to be Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

For residential mortgage loans held for sale, fair value is estimated based upon mortgage backed securities prices and spreads to those prices or, for certain assets, discounted cash flow models that may incorporate the anticipated portfolio composition, credit spreads of asset-backed securities with similar collateral, and market conditions. Residential mortgage loans held for sale are fair valued using a market approach and the Bancorp has determined them to be Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Derivatives

Exchange-traded derivatives valued using quoted prices are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. However, few classes of derivative contracts are listed on an exchange. Derivative positions that are valued utilizing models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Derivatives that are valued based upon models with significant unobservable market parameters are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. A majority of the derivatives are fair valued using an income approach and the Bancorp has determined them to be Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Other significant areas include purchase price allocations and the analysis of potential impairment of goodwill. No material changes have been made during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 to the valuation techniques or models described previously.

Valuation techniques and models utilized for measuring financial assets and liabilities are reviewed and validated by the Bancorp on a quarterly basis. Additionally, the Bancorp monitors the fair values of significant assets and liabilities using a variety of methods including the evaluation of pricing runs and exception reports based on certain analytical criteria, comparison to previous trades, and overall review and assessments for reasonableness.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

STATEMENTS OF INCOME ANALYSIS

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the interest earned on debt securities, loans and leases (including yield-related fees) and other interest-earning assets less the interest paid for core deposits (includes transaction deposits and other time deposits) and wholesale funding (includes certificates $100,000 and over, other foreign office deposits, federal funds purchased, short-term borrowings and long-term debt). The net interest margin is calculated by dividing net interest income by average interest-earning assets. Net interest spread is the difference between the average rate earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is typically greater than net interest rate spread due to the interest income earned on those assets that are funded by non-interest-bearing liabilities, or free funding, such as demand deposits or shareholders’ equity.

Net interest income (FTE) was $744 million for the second quarter of 2008, compared to the $745 million earned in the second quarter of 2007 and decreased $82 million from the first quarter of 2008. Net interest income was affected by the recalculation of cash flows on certain leveraged leases that reduced interest income on commercial leases by approximately $130 million. In addition, amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on acquired loans increased interest income by $35 million compared to an increase of $5 million in the first quarter of 2008 and a decrease of $1 million for the second quarter of 2007. Exclusive of the items above, net interest income increased $93 million compared to the second quarter of 2007 and $18 million compared to the first quarter of 2008. The increase from the second quarter of 2007 resulted from an 11% increase in average loan and lease balances combined with a 42 bp increase in net interest spread. The sequential increase in net interest income was related to a 12 bp increase in net interest rate spread primarily caused by increased credit spreads on loans and leases that allowed interest-bearing liabilities to reprice further than interest-bearing assets during the declining rate environment.

Net interest margin decreased to 3.04% in the second quarter of 2008, compared to 3.41% in the first quarter of 2008 and 3.37% in the second quarter of 2007, and was affected by the recalculation of cash flows on certain leveraged leases, a 53 bp decrease, and amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on acquired loans, a 13 bp increase. On a year-over-year basis, the decrease in the Bancorp’s net free funding position was more than offset by a 42 bp increase in net interest rate spread. Sequentially, a full quarter effect of the decreases in funding rates during the first quarter of 2008 offset the increased reliance on wholesale funding.

Total average interest-earning assets increased modestly on a sequential basis and 11% from the second quarter of 2007. On a year-over-year basis, average total commercial loans increased 21% and the investment portfolio increased 14% while consumer loans modestly declined. The increase in total commercial loans was concentrated in commercial and industrial loans, which increased 32%, primarily due to strong loan production and the origination for portfolio of investment grade loans that historically were sold to the Bancorp’s commercial paper conduit. Sequential increases in commercial and industrial loans were offset by decreases in automobile loans as a result of $2.7 billion of securitizations during the first quarter of 2008.

The growth in average loans and leases since the second quarter of 2007 outpaced core deposit growth by $6.6 billion. In the second quarter of 2008, wholesale funding represented 42% of interest-bearing liabilities, up from 34% in the second quarter of 2007. The increase in wholesale funding as a percentage of interest-bearing liabilities was the result of the issuance of $2.2 billion of trust preferred securities during 2007, $750 million of senior notes in April 2008 and $400 million of trust preferred securities in May 2008, partially offset by the repurchase of $690 million of mandatorily redeemable securities, which occurred in the fourth quarter of 2007.

Interest income (FTE) from loans and leases decreased $293 million, or 22%, compared to the second quarter of 2007 and decreased $241 million, or 19%, compared to the first quarter of 2008. The decrease sequentially and year-over-year is affected by the recalculation of leveraged lease cash flows that reduced interest income from loans and leases by approximately $130 million. Other factors reducing interest income from loans and leases include the repricing of loans in a declining rate environment, partially offset by the increase in average loan and lease balances. At the end of the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp’s prime rate was 5.00% compared to 8.25% during the second quarter of 2007.

Interest income (FTE) from investment securities and short-term investments increased seven percent compared to the second quarter of 2007 and was flat compared to the first quarter of 2008. The increase from the second quarter of 2007 was the result of a 14%, or $1.6 billion, increase in the average investment portfolio offset by a decrease in the weighted-average yield of 28 bp.

Core deposits increased $1.6 billion, or three percent, compared to the second quarter of last year and decreased $1.1 billion, or two percent, compared to the sequential quarter. The cost of interest-bearing core deposits was 1.60% in the second quarter of 2008, which was a decrease of 182 bp from 3.42% in the second quarter of 2007 and 79 bp from 2.39% in the first quarter of 2008. The decrease in the cost of interest-bearing core deposits is a result of declining market rates.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

TABLE 2: Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Analysis of Net Interest Income (FTE)

 

For the three months ended

   June 30, 2008     June 30, 2007     Attribution of Change in Net Interest
Income
(a)
 

($ in millions)

   Average
Balance
    Revenue/
Cost
    Average
Yield/
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Revenue/
Cost
   Average
Yield/
Rate
    Volume     Yield/Rate     Total  

Assets

                   

Interest-earning assets:

                   

Loans and leases (b):

                   

Commercial loans

   $ 28,557     $ 357     5.04 %   $ 21,587     $ 401    7.45 %   $ 108     $ (152 )   $ (44 )

Commercial mortgage

     12,590       186     5.93       11,030       201    7.30       26       (41 )     (15 )

Commercial construction

     5,700       77     5.44       5,595       107    7.69       2       (32 )     (30 )

Commercial leases

     3,747       (91 )   (9.77 )     3,678       40    4.32       1       (132 )     (131 )
                                                                   

Subtotal – commercial

     50,594       529     4.21       41,890       749    7.17       137       (357 )     (220 )

Residential mortgage loans

     11,244       171     6.10       10,201       156    6.12       16       (1 )     15  

Home equity

     12,012       168     5.61       11,886       227    7.66       2       (61 )     (59 )

Automobile loans

     8,439       131     6.23       10,552       164    6.25       (33 )     —         (33 )

Credit card

     1,703       39     9.28       1,248       33    10.62       11       (5 )     6  

Other consumer loans/leases

     1,220       15     4.97       1,271       17    5.48       (1 )     (1 )     (2 )
                                                                   

Subtotal – consumer

     34,618       524     6.08       35,158       597    6.81       (5 )     (68 )     (73 )
                                                                   

Total loans and leases

     85,212       1,053     4.97       77,048       1,346    7.01       132       (425 )     (293 )

Securities:

                   

Taxable

     12,554       151     4.83       11,030       137    4.98       18       (4 )     14  

Exempt from income taxes (b)

     364       7     7.32       508       9    7.38       (2 )     —         (2 )

Other short-term investments

     445       2     2.12       203       3    5.18       1       (2 )     (1 )
                                                                   

Total interest-earning assets

     98,575       1,213     4.95       88,789       1,495    6.75       149       (431 )     (282 )

Cash and due from banks

     2,357           2,235             

Other assets

     12,370           10,524             

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (1,204 )         (781 )           
                                                                   

Total assets

   $ 112,098         $ 100,767             
                                                                   

Liabilities

                   

Interest-bearing liabilities:

                   

Interest checking

   $ 14,396     $ 28     0.78 %   $ 15,061     $ 83    2.21 %   $ (4 )   $ (51 )   $ (55 )

Savings

     16,583       48     1.16       14,620       118    3.23       14       (84 )     (70 )

Money market

     6,592       29     1.76       6,244       69    4.44       4       (44 )     (40 )

Foreign office deposits

     2,169       8     1.42       1,637       18    4.38       5       (15 )     (10 )

Other time deposits

     9,517       83     3.52       10,780       124    4.63       (13 )     (28 )     (41 )

Certificates - $100,000 and over

     8,143       67     3.29       6,511       83    5.12       18       (34 )     (16 )

Other foreign office deposits

     2,948       15     2.10       732       10    5.31       14       (9 )     5  

Federal funds purchased

     3,643       19     2.08       3,540       47    5.31       1       (29 )     (28 )

Other short-term borrowings

     5,623       30     2.15       2,372       25    4.31       22       (17 )     5  

Long-term debt

     14,803       142     3.85       12,238       173    5.65       31       (62 )     (31 )
                                                                   

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     84,417       469     2.23       73,735       750    4.08       92       (373 )     (281 )

Demand deposits

     14,023           13,370             

Other liabilities

     4,029           4,063             
                                                                   

Total liabilities

     102,469           91,168             

Shareholders’ equity

     9,629           9,599             
                                                                   

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 112,098         $ 100,767             
                                                                   

Net interest income

     $ 744         $ 745      $ 57     $ (58 )   $ (1 )

Net interest margin

       3.04 %        3.37 %      

Net interest rate spread

       2.72          2.67        

Interest-bearing liabilities to interest-earning assets

       85.64          83.05        

 

(a) Changes in interest not solely due to volume or yield/rate are allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amount of change in volume and yield/rate.
(b) The fully taxable-equivalent adjustments included in the above table are $6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

TABLE 3: Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Analysis of Net Interest Income (FTE)

 

For the six months ended

   June 30, 2008     June 30, 2007     Attribution of Change in Net Interest
Income
(a)
 

($ in millions)

   Average
Balance
    Revenue/
Cost
    Average
Yield/
Rate
    Average
Balance
    Revenue/
Cost
   Average
Yield/
Rate
    Volume     Yield/Rate     Total  

Assets

                   

Interest-earning assets:

                   

Loans and leases (b):

                   

Commercial loans

   $ 27,587     $ 754     5.50 %   $ 21,249     $ 788    7.48 %   $ 204     $ (238 )   $ (34 )

Commercial mortgage

     12,321       374     6.10       10,799       391    7.31       52       (69 )     (17 )

Commercial construction

     5,639       155     5.54       5,803       222    7.72       (6 )     (61 )     (67 )

Commercial leases

     3,735       (51 )   (2.76 )     3,669       79    4.33       1       (131 )     (130 )
                                                                   

Subtotal – commercial

     49,282       1,232     5.03       41,520       1,480    7.19       251       (499 )     (248 )

Residential mortgage loans

     11,472       349     6.12       10,184       310    6.14       40       (1 )     39  

Home equity

     11,929       358     6.03       11,979       456    7.67       (1 )     (97 )     (98 )

Automobile loans

     9,491       299     6.33       10,392       321    6.21       (28 )     6       (22 )

Credit card

     1,681       77     9.22       1,135       64    11.31       27       (14 )     13  

Other consumer loans/leases

     1,207       31     5.24       1,247       32    5.29       (1 )     —         (1 )
                                                                   

Subtotal – consumer

     35,780       1,114     6.26       34,937       1,183    6.83       37       (106 )     (69 )
                                                                   

Total loans and leases

     85,062       2,346     5.55       76,457       2,663    7.02       288       (605 )     (317 )

Securities:

                   

Taxable

     12,057       298     4.97       10,991       273    5.02       27       (2 )     25  

Exempt from income taxes (b)

     383       14     7.32       521       19    7.39       (5 )     —         (5 )

Other short-term investments

     540       7     2.69       214       6    5.45       5       (4 )     1  
                                                                   

Total interest-earning assets

     98,042       2,665     5.47       88,183       2,961    6.77       315       (611 )     (296 )

Cash and due from banks

     2,296           2,243             

Other assets

     12,424           10,333             

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (1,068 )         (775 )           
                                                                   

Total assets

   $ 111,694         $ 99,984             
                                                                   

Liabilities

                   

Interest-bearing liabilities:

                   

Interest checking

   $ 14,616     $ 81     1.11 %   $ 15,284     $ 171    2.26 %   $ (7 )   $ (83 )   $ (90 )

Savings

     16,329       120     1.48       14,157       228    3.25       31       (139 )     (108 )

Money market

     6,744       76     2.26       6,310       139    4.45       9       (72 )     (63 )

Foreign office deposits

     2,306       23     1.98       1,491       32    4.36       13       (22 )     (9 )

Other time deposits

     10,201       200     3.94       10,908       250    4.61       (15 )     (35 )     (50 )

Certificates - $100,000 and over

     6,989       131     3.77       6,596       168    5.15       10       (47 )     (37 )

Other foreign office deposits

     3,405       46     2.74       549       15    5.31       41       (10 )     31  

Federal funds purchased

     4,451       62     2.77       3,026       80    5.31       29       (47 )     (18 )

Other short-term borrowings

     5,280       67     2.56       2,386       51    4.34       44       (28 )     16  

Long-term debt

     14,064       289     4.15       12,239       340    5.60       46       (97 )     (51 )
                                                                   

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     84,385       1,095     2.61       72,946       1,474    4.07       201       (580 )     (379 )

Demand deposits

     13,615           13,278             

Other liabilities

     4,190           3,977             
                                                                   

Total liabilities

     102,190           90,201             

Shareholders’ equity

     9,504           9,783             
                                                                   

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 111,694         $ 99,984             
                                                                   

Net interest income

     $ 1,570         $ 1,487      $ 114     $ 31     $ 83  

Net interest margin

       3.22 %        3.40 %      

Net interest rate spread

       2.86          2.70        

Interest-bearing liabilities to interest-earning assets

       86.07          82.72        

 

(a) Changes in interest not solely due to volume or yield/rate are allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amount of change in volume and yield/rate.
(b) The fully taxable-equivalent adjustments included in the above table are $11 million and $12 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.

Interest expense on wholesale funding decreased 19% compared to the prior year quarter as declining interest rates more than offset a 38% increase in average balances. During the past year, the federal funds target rate decreased 325 bp from a target of 2.00% at June 30, 2008 compared to 5.25% at June 30, 2007. Interest expense on wholesale funding decreased $51 million, or 16%, since the first quarter of 2008. This decrease was a result of a full quarter effect of the decreases in the federal funds rate totaling 200 bp during the first quarter of 2008, partially offset by a six percent increase in average balances.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The Bancorp’s net free funding position decreased six percent from $15.1 billion in the second quarter of 2007 to $14.2 billion in the second quarter of 2008. The decrease in the net free funding position since the second quarter of 2007 was primarily a result of the increase in non-earning assets of $1.5 billion.

Provision for Loan and Lease Losses

The Bancorp provides as an expense an amount for probable loan and lease losses within the loan and lease portfolio that is based on factors previously discussed in the Critical Accounting Policies section. The provision is recorded to bring the allowance for loan and lease losses to a level deemed appropriate by the Bancorp. Actual credit losses on loans and leases are charged against the allowance for loan and lease losses. The amount of loans actually removed from the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets is referred to as charge-offs. Net charge-offs include current period charge-offs less recoveries on previously charged-off loans and leases.

The provision for loan and lease losses increased to $719 million in the second quarter of 2008 compared to $121 million in the same period last year. The primary factors in the increase were the increase in delinquencies, the deterioration in real estate collateral values in certain of the Bancorp’s key lending markets and declines in general economic conditions. As of June 30, 2008, the allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of loans and leases increased to 1.85% from 1.06% at June 30, 2007.

Refer to the Credit Risk Management section for more detailed information on the provision for loan and lease losses including an analysis of loan portfolio composition, non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and other factors considered by the Bancorp in assessing the credit quality of the loan portfolio and the allowance for loan and lease losses.

Noninterest Income

For the three months ended June 30, 2008, noninterest income increased by $53 million, or eight percent, on a year-over-year basis. The components of noninterest income for these periods are as follows:

TABLE 4: Noninterest Income

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   Percent
Change
    For the six months
ended June 30,
   Percent
Change
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007      2008    2007   

Electronic payment processing revenue

   $ 235     205    15     $ 447    390    15  

Service charges on deposits

     159     142    12       307    268    14  

Corporate banking revenue

     111     88    26       218    171    28  

Investment advisory revenue

     92     97    (5 )     185    193    (4 )

Mortgage banking net revenue

     86     41    108       182    81    126  

Other noninterest income

     49     96    (49 )     228    174    31  

Securities (losses) gains, net

     (10 )   —      NM       17    —      NM  

Securities gains, net – non-qualifying hedges on mortgage servicing rights

     —       —      —         3    —      —    
                                     

Total noninterest income

   $ 722     669    8     $ 1,587    1,277    24  
                                     

 

NM Percentage change is not meaningful.

Electronic payment processing revenue increased $30 million, or 15%, in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same period last year as the Bancorp realized growth in each of its three product lines. Merchant processing revenue increased 16%, to $88 million, compared to the same period in 2007. Financial institutions revenue increased to $84 million, up $8 million or 10%, compared to the second quarter of 2007 as a result of continued success in attracting financial institution customers. Card issuer interchange increased 20%, to $63 million, compared to the same period in 2007 due to continued growth related to debit and credit card usage and increases in the average dollar amount per debit card transaction. The Bancorp processes over 26.7 billion transactions annually and handles electronic processing for over 158,000 merchant locations worldwide.

Service charges on deposits were up $17 million, or 12%, in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same period last year. Commercial deposits revenue increased 19%, or $11 million, compared to the same quarter last year. This increase was primarily impacted by a decrease in earnings credits on compensating balances resulting from the change in short-term interest rates. Commercial customers receive earnings credits to offset the fees charged for banking services on their deposit accounts such as account maintenance, lockbox, ACH transactions, wire transfers and other ancillary corporate treasury management services. Earnings credits are based on the customer’s average balance in qualifying deposits multiplied by the crediting rate. Qualifying deposits include demand deposits and interest-bearing checking accounts. The Bancorp has a standard crediting rate that is adjusted as necessary based on competitive market conditions and changes in short-term interest rates. Retail deposit revenue increased seven percent in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same period last year. The increase in retail service charges was attributable to higher customer activity and growth in the number of customer accounts. Growth in the number of customer deposit account relationships and deposit generation continues to be a primary focus of the Bancorp.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Corporate banking revenue increased $23 million to $111 million in the second quarter of 2008, up 26% over the comparable period in 2007. The growth in corporate banking revenue was largely attributable to higher foreign exchange derivative income of $26 million, an increase of $12 million compared to the prior year quarter. Growth also occurred in business lending fees, which grew $4 million in the second quarter of 2008 to $22 million. The Bancorp is committed to providing a comprehensive range of financial services to large and middle-market businesses and continues to see opportunities to expand its product offering.

Investment advisory revenue decreased $5 million, or five percent, from the second quarter of 2007. The Bancorp experienced broad-based decreases in several categories within investment advisory revenue. Brokerage fee income, which includes Fifth Third Securities income, decreased $4 million, or 12%, in the second quarter of 2008 as investors migrated balances from stock and bond funds to money markets funds. Mutual fund revenue decreased 10%, to $14 million, in the second quarter of 2008 due to market volatility. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had approximately $207 billion in assets under care and managed $31 billion in assets for individuals, corporations and not-for-profit organizations.

Mortgage banking net revenue increased to $86 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $41 million in the same period last year. The components of mortgage banking net revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5: Components of Mortgage Banking Net Revenue

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Origination fees and gains on loan sales

   $ 79     25     $ 171     51  

Servicing revenue:

        

Servicing fees

     42     36       83     69  

Servicing rights amortization

     (31 )   (23 )     (64 )   (43 )

Net valuation adjustments on servicing rights and free-standing derivatives entered into to economically hedge MSR

     (4 )   3       (8 )   4  
                            

Net servicing revenue

     7     16       11     30  
                            

Mortgage banking net revenue

   $ 86     41     $ 182     81  
                            

Mortgage banking revenue increased significantly compared to the prior year quarter due to growth in originations, higher sales margins and the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 159 for residential mortgage loans held for sale. Mortgage originations increased 1% to $3.3 billion in comparison to the same quarter last year despite lower commensurate application volumes as interest rates decreased compared to the second quarter of 2007. Additionally, the Bancorp benefited from the exit or scaling back of its competitors within the mortgage business. The increase in loan sales and higher sales margins contributed $13 million and $23 million, respectively, to the increase in mortgage banking revenue. Loan sales and the related sales margins increased for both held for sale and portfolio mortgage loans. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008 for residential mortgage loans held for sale also contributed approximately $17 million to the increase in mortgage banking revenue. Prior to adoption, mortgage loan origination costs were capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the loan and recognized as a reduction of mortgage banking net revenue upon the sale of the loans. Subsequent to the adoption, mortgage loan origination costs are recognized as expense when incurred and included in noninterest expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Mortgage net servicing revenue decreased $9 million compared to the second quarter of 2007. Net servicing revenue is comprised of gross servicing fees and related amortization as well as valuation adjustments on mortgage servicing rights and mark-to-market adjustments on both settled and outstanding free-standing derivative financial instruments. The Bancorp’s total residential mortgage loans serviced at June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $49.4 billion and $41.6 billion, respectively, with $38.7 billion and $31.5 billion, respectively, of residential mortgage loans serviced for others.

Servicing rights are deemed temporarily impaired when a borrower’s loan rate is distinctly higher than prevailing rates. Temporary impairment on servicing rights is reversed when the prevailing rates return to a level commensurate with the borrower’s loan rate. Further detail on the valuation of mortgage servicing rights can be found in Note 5 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Bancorp maintains a non-qualifying hedging strategy to manage a portion of the risk associated with changes in impairment on the MSR portfolio. The Bancorp recognized a loss from MSR derivatives of $84 million, offset by a reversal of temporary impairment of $80 million, resulting in a net loss of $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 related to changes in fair value and settlement of free-standing derivatives purchased to economically hedge the MSR portfolio. See Note 7 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the free-standing derivatives used to hedge the MSR portfolio.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The major components of other noninterest income are as follows:

TABLE 6: Components of Other Noninterest Income

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Consumer loan and lease fees

   $ 14     11     $ 25     21  

Cardholder fees

     13     13       28     26  

Bank owned life insurance income (loss)

     12     21       (123 )   42  

Operating lease income

     11     7       21     14  

Insurance income

     10     9       21     16  

Gain (loss) on loan sales

     1     16       (10 )   17  

Gain on redemption of Visa, Inc. ownership interests

     —       —         273     —    

Loss on sale of other real estate owned

     (19 )   (2 )     (26 )   (4 )

Other

     7     21       19     42  
                            

Total other noninterest income

   $ 49     96     $ 228     174  
                            

Other noninterest income decreased $47 million in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same period last year. The decrease was primarily due to increased losses on the sale of other real estate owned in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same quarter last year resulting from an increase in the volume of properties and a loss related to three commercial properties in Florida of approximately $5 million. Additionally, the Bancorp recognized a $16 million gain in the second quarter of 2007 on the sale of non-strategic credit card accounts included within the “Other” caption of Table 6.

Noninterest Expense

During the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp continued its investment in the expansion of the retail distribution network and in its information technology infrastructure. The efficiency ratio (noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income (FTE) and noninterest income) was 58.6% and 54.1% for the second quarter of 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Bancorp continues to focus on efficiency initiatives, as part of its core emphasis on operating leverage, and on expense control, although cost savings initiatives will continue to be somewhat mitigated by investments in new de novo branches. The Bancorp views investments in information technology and banking center expansion as its platform for future growth and increasing expense efficiency.

Total noninterest expense increased $93 million, or 12%, in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same period last year. Noninterest expense increased due to higher personnel costs, increased volume-related processing expenses and an increase in net occupancy expense.

The major components of noninterest expense are as follows:

TABLE 7: Noninterest Expense

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   Percent
Change
    For the six months
ended June 30,
   Percent
Change
 

($ in millions)

   2008    2007      2008    2007   

Salaries, wages and incentives

   $ 331    309    7     $ 679    601    13  

Employee benefits

     60    68    (11 )     145    155    (7 )

Net occupancy expense

     73    68    8       145    133    9  

Payment processing expense

     67    59    14       133    111    20  

Technology and communications

     49    41    18       96    81    18  

Equipment expense

     31    31    —         61    60    2  

Other noninterest expense

     247    189    31       317    376    (16 )
                                    

Total noninterest expense

   $ 858    765    12     $ 1,576    1,517    4  
                                    

Total personnel costs (salaries, wages and incentives plus employee benefits) increased 4% due primarily to approximately $17 million in mortgage origination costs that prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008, were included as a component of mortgage banking revenue. Full time equivalent employees totaled 21,617 as of June 30, 2008 compared to 21,033 as of June 30, 2007.

Net occupancy expenses increased eight percent in the second quarter of 2008 over the same period last year due to the addition of 141 banking centers since June 30, 2007. Growth includes 96 banking centers resulting from acquisitions by the Bancorp since June 30, 2007. The Bancorp remains focused on expanding its retail franchise through de novo growth. Payment processing expense includes third-party processing expenses, card management fees and other bankcard processing expenses. Payment processing expense increased 14% compared to the same period last year due to higher network charges of $8 million, or 20%, from increased processing volumes of 17% and 12% in the merchant and financial institutions businesses, respectively.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The major components of other noninterest expense are as follows:

TABLE 8: Components of Other Noninterest Expense

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

   2008    2007    2008     2007

Loan processing

   $ 39    32    $ 76     55

Marketing

     25    20      44     38

FDIC insurance and other taxes

     18    3      29     13

Affordable housing investments

     16    11      31     24

Professional services fees

     16    11      28     23

Travel

     14    13      27     25

Postal and courier

     13    13      27     26

Intangible asset amortization

     12    10      23     21

Recruitment and education

     8    10      17     21

Supplies

     8    7      16     14

Operating lease

     7    5      14     10

Visa litigation accrual

     —      —        (152 )   —  

Other

     71    54      137     106
                        

Total other noninterest expense

   $ 247    189    $ 317     376
                        

Total other noninterest expense increased by $58 million from the same quarter last year. Expense in the second quarter of 2008 included $13 million in acquisition-related expenses as a result of the First Charter and First Horizon acquisitions. FDIC insurance and other taxes were higher due to the favorable settlement of certain tax audits, which reduced expense in the second quarter of 2007 in addition to the depletion of the Bancorp’s prior FDIC insurance premium credits in the second quarter of 2008. Loan processing expense was higher in comparison to the same quarter last year as a result of increased collection activities. In addition, the provision for unfunded commitments increased $12 million compared to the second quarter of 2007.

Applicable Income Taxes

The Bancorp’s income (loss) before income taxes, applicable income tax expense and effective tax rate for each of the periods indicated are as follows:

TABLE 9: Applicable Income Taxes

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

   2008     2007    2008    2007

Income (loss) before income taxes

   $ (117 )   522    $ 307    1,030

Applicable income taxes

     85     146      223    295

Effective tax rate

     (72.4 )%   28.1      72.6    28.7

Applicable income tax expense for all periods includes the benefit from tax-exempt income, tax-advantaged investments and general business tax credits, partially offset by the effect of nondeductible expenses. The effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were primarily impacted by a charge to tax expense of approximately $140 million in the second quarter of 2008 required for interest related to the tax treatment of certain of the Bancorp’s leveraged leases for previous tax years. See Note 11 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

BUSINESS SEGMENT REVIEW

The Bancorp reports on five business segments: Commercial Banking, Branch Banking, Consumer Lending, Processing Solutions and Investment Advisors. Further detailed financial information on each business segment is included in Note 17 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Results of the Bancorp’s business segments are presented based on its management structure and management accounting practices. The structure and accounting practices are specific to the Bancorp; therefore, the financial results of the Bancorp’s business segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial institutions. The Bancorp refines its methodologies from time to time as management accounting practices are improved and businesses change. During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Bancorp changed the reporting of Processing Solutions to include certain revenues and expenses related to credit card processing that were previously listed under the Commercial and Branch Banking segments. Revisions to the Bancorp’s methodologies are applied on a retroactive basis.

The Bancorp manages interest rate risk centrally at the corporate level by employing a funds transfer pricing (“FTP”) methodology. This methodology insulates the business segments from interest rate volatility, enabling them to focus on serving customers through loan originations and deposit taking. The FTP system assigns charge rates and credit rates to classes of assets and liabilities, respectively, based on expected duration and the LIBOR swap curve. Matching duration allocates interest income and interest expense to each segment so its resulting net interest income is insulated from interest rate risk. In a rising rate environment, the Bancorp benefits from the widening spread between deposit costs and wholesale funding costs. However, the Bancorp’s FTP system credits this benefit to deposit-providing businesses, such as Branch Banking and Investment Advisors, on a duration-adjusted basis. The net impact of the FTP methodology is captured in General Corporate and Other.

Management made several changes to the FTP methodology in the fourth quarter of 2007 to more appropriately calculate FTP charges and credits to each of the Bancorp’s business segments. Changes to the FTP methodology were applied retroactively and included adding a liquidity premium to loans and deposits to properly reflect the Bancorp’s marginal cost of longer term funding. In addition, an FTP charge on fixed assets was added to the new FTP methodology.

The business segments are charged provision expense based on the actual net charge-offs experienced by the loans owned by each segment. Provision expense attributable to loan growth and changes in factors in the allowance for loan and lease losses are captured in General Corporate and Other. The financial results of the business segments include allocations for shared services and headquarters expenses. Even with these allocations, the financial results are not necessarily indicative of the business segments’ financial condition and results of operations as if they were to exist as independent entities. Additionally, the business segments form synergies by taking advantage of cross-sell opportunities and when funding operations by accessing the capital markets as a collective unit. Net income (loss) by business segment is summarized as follows:

TABLE 10: Business Segment Results

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Commercial Banking

   $ 114     176     $ 249     349  

Branch Banking

     148     156       287     304  

Consumer Lending

     (1 )   42       39     83  

Processing Solutions

     47     39       85     74  

Investment Advisors

     28     24       58     47  

General Corporate and Other

     (538 )   (61 )     (634 )   (122 )
                            

Net income (loss)

   $ (202 )   376     $ 84     735  
                            

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Commercial Banking

Commercial Banking offers banking, cash management and financial services to large and middle-market businesses, government and professional customers. In addition to the traditional lending and depository offerings, Commercial Banking products and services include, among others, foreign exchange and international trade finance, derivatives and capital markets services, asset-based lending, real estate finance, public finance, commercial leasing and syndicated finance. The table below contains selected financial data for the Commercial Banking segment.

TABLE 11: Commercial Banking

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

   2008    2007    2008    2007

Income Statement Data

           

Net interest income (FTE) (a)

   $ 350    325    $ 708    646

Provision for loan and lease losses

     156    31      281    48

Noninterest income:

           

Corporate banking revenue

     101    80      203    156

Service charges on deposits

     46    38      90    75

Other noninterest income

     11    14      25    31

Noninterest expense:

           

Salaries, incentives and benefits

     74    62      152    132

Other noninterest expenses

     142    132      286    258
                       

Income before taxes

     136    232      307    470

Applicable income taxes (a)

     22    56      58    121
                       

Net income

   $ 114    176    $ 249    349
                       

Average Balance Sheet Data

           

Commercial loans

   $ 43,081    34,870    $ 41,836    34,449

Demand deposits

     6,085    5,925      5,933    5,934

Interest checking

     4,352    3,933      4,612    3,983

Savings and money market

     4,492    4,426      4,580    4,577

Certificates over $100,000 and other time

     1,810    1,994      1,805    1,976

Foreign office deposits

     1,878    1,378      1,982    1,231

 

(a) Includes taxable-equivalent adjustments of $4 million and $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.

Net income decreased $62 million, or 35%, compared to the second quarter of 2007 as strong growth in net interest income and corporate banking revenue was more than offset by increased provision for loan and lease losses. Average commercial loans and leases increased 24% to $43.1 billion over the same quarter last year due to solid loan production across most of the Bancorp’s footprint and the result of acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007. Excluding acquisitions, commercial loans increased approximately 22% compared to the second quarter of 2007. Average core deposits increased seven percent due to growth in interest checking and foreign office deposits. The segment is focusing on growing deposits through deeper penetration of its premium customer base. The growth in loans and deposits resulted in increased net interest income of $25 million, or eight percent, compared to the same period last year. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans and leases increased to 146 bp from 37 bp in the second quarter of 2007. Net charge-offs increased in comparison to the prior year quarter due to weakening economies and the continuing deterioration of credit within the Bancorp’s footprint, particularly in Michigan and Florida, involving commercial and commercial construction loans. Homebuilder and developer loans accounted for approximately 20% of net charge-offs during the second quarter of 2008.

Noninterest income increased $26 million, or 20%, compared to the same quarter last year due to corporate banking revenue growth of $21 million, or 26%, and an increase in service charges on deposits of $8 million. Corporate banking revenue increased as a result of growth in foreign exchange derivative income, which was $23 million during the second quarter of 2008, an increase of $10 million. Additionally, the segment experienced growth in both asset securitization and lease remarketing fees in the second quarter of 2008. Service charges on deposits increased 22%, to $46 million, compared to the second quarter of 2007. The increase in service charges was a result of higher business service charges and a reduction in the amount of offsetting earnings credits as short-term rates remain lower than the same quarter last year.

Noninterest expense increased $22 million, or 12%, compared to the second quarter of 2007 primarily due to sales incentives of $28 million, an increase of $10 million compared to the second quarter of 2007. In addition, affordable housing investments expense increased due to higher volume compared to the second quarter of 2007.

The previously mentioned $229 million after-tax charge related to certain leveraged lease assets included in the average balance sheet data shown above has been excluded from the income statement data and included in the General Corporate & Other segment.

 

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Table of Contents

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Branch Banking

Branch Banking provides a full range of deposit and loan and lease products to individuals and small businesses through 1,308 full-service banking centers. Branch Banking offers depository and loan products, such as checking and savings accounts, home equity loans and lines of credit, credit cards and loans for automobile and other personal financing needs, as well as products designed to meet the specific needs of small businesses, including cash management services. The table below contains selected financial data for the Branch Banking segment.

TABLE 12: Branch Banking

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

   2008    2007    2008    2007

Income Statement Data

           

Net interest income

   $ 400    362    $ 784    707

Provision for loan and lease losses

     75    38      139    60

Noninterest income:

           

Service charges on deposits

     111    104      213    191

Electronic payment processing

     49    45      92    85

Investment advisory income

     24    25      46    47

Other noninterest income

     28    21      52    45

Noninterest expense:

           

Salaries, incentives and benefits

     126    118      254    236

Net occupancy and equipment expenses

     49    44      97    85

Other noninterest expenses

     133    116      253    225
                       

Income before taxes

     229    241      444    469

Applicable income taxes

     81    85      157    165
                       

Net income

   $ 148    156    $ 287    304
                       

Average Balance Sheet Data

           

Consumer loans

   $ 12,557    11,619    $ 12,457    11,659

Commercial loans

     5,515    5,135      5,412    5,157

Demand deposits

     6,023    5,826      5,855    5,773

Interest checking

     8,115    9,045      8,042    9,214

Savings and money market

     16,535    14,392      16,285    13,884

Certificates over $100,000 and other time

     11,837    14,014      12,774    14,534

Net income decreased $8 million, or five percent, compared to the second quarter of 2007 as increases in net interest income and service fees were more than offset by increased expenses related to salaries, de novo expansion and higher provision for loan and lease losses. Net interest income increased 10% compared to the second quarter of 2007 due to loan growth and the segment focusing on the repricing of both loans and deposits. Average loans and leases increased eight percent compared to the second quarter of 2007 as the segment grew credit card balances by $417 million, or 39%, resulting from an increased focus on relationships with its current customers through the cross-selling of credit cards. Average core deposits were down slightly in comparison to the second quarter of 2007 with growth in savings and money market accounts offset by decreases in interest checking deposits and consumer CDs. Consumer CDs were down 15% from the second quarter of 2007 due to the Bancorp lowering the rates offered on this product as the Bancorp believed competitor pricing was not reflective of the value of these deposits. Excluding acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007, average core deposits decreased four percent. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loan and leases increased to 169 bp from 93 bp in the second quarter of 2007. Net charge-offs increased in comparison to the prior year quarter as the Bancorp experienced higher charge-offs involving home equity lines and loans reflecting borrower stress and a decrease in home prices within the Bancorp’s footprint.

Noninterest income increased $17 million compared to the second quarter of 2007 primarily due to an increase in service charges on deposits of $7 million, or eight percent. The increase in deposit fees, including overdraft fees, can be attributed to higher customer activity in comparison to the second quarter of 2007. Noninterest expense increased 11% compared to the second quarter of 2007 as net occupancy and equipment costs increased 14% as a result of additional banking centers acquired as well as the continued opening of new banking centers related to the Bancorp’s de novo growth strategy. Since the second quarter of 2007, the Bancorp’s banking centers have increased by 141 to 1,308 as of June 30, 2008. Acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007 contributed 96 banking centers to this growth. Other noninterest expense increased 15%, which can be attributed to higher loan cost associated with collections. The Bancorp continues to position itself for sustained long-term growth through new banking center additions in key markets.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Consumer Lending

Consumer Lending includes the Bancorp’s mortgage, home equity, automobile and other indirect lending activities. Mortgage and home equity lending activities include the origination, retention and servicing of mortgage and home equity loans or lines of credit, sales and securitizations of those loans or pools of loans or lines of credit and all associated hedging activities. Other indirect lending activities include loans to consumers through mortgage brokers, automobile dealers and federal and private student education loans. The table below contains selected financial data for the Consumer Lending segment.

TABLE 13: Consumer Lending

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

   2008     2007    2008    2007

Income Statement Data

          

Net interest income

   $ 104     99    $ 220    201

Provision for loan and lease losses

     104     27      180    54

Noninterest income:

          

Mortgage banking net revenue

     78     39      170    75

Other noninterest income

     7     18      27    34

Noninterest expense:

          

Salaries, incentives and benefits

     34     18      73    39

Other noninterest expenses

     53     46      104    89
                        

Income (loss) before taxes

     (2 )   65      60    128

Applicable income taxes

     (1 )   23      21    45
                        

Net income (loss)

   $ (1 )   42    $ 39    83
                        

Average Balance Sheet Data

          

Residential mortgage loans

   $ 10,806     9,996    $ 11,017    9,926

Automobile loans

     7,486     9,583      8,523    9,422

Home equity

     1,159     1,364      1,188    1,362

Consumer leases

     791     944      789    992

Net income decreased $43 million, to a loss of $1 million, compared to the second quarter of 2007 as the increase in mortgage banking net revenue, net of related expenses, was more than offset by growth in provision for loan and lease losses. Average residential mortgage loans increased eight percent compared to the prior year quarter primarily related to acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007. Excluding acquisitions, residential mortgage loans decreased approximately five percent from the same quarter last year. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loan and leases increased from 54 bp in the second quarter of 2007 to 217 bp in the second quarter of 2008. Net charge-offs, primarily in residential mortgage loans, increased in comparison to the prior year quarter due to deteriorating real estate values within the Bancorp’s footprint, particularly in Florida. The segment continues to focus on managing credit risk through the restructuring of certain residential mortgage and home equity loans and careful consideration of underwriting and collection standards. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had restructured approximately $201 million of real estate secured loans to mitigate losses due to declining collateral values.

Consumer Lending had mortgage originations of $3.3 billion, an increase of three percent over the same quarter last year. The Bancorp remains committed to being a prime mortgage originator and origination volumes have benefited from the recent downturn in the credit cycle as many competitors have exited or scaled back their mortgage businesses. The increase in originations and increased sale margins were the primary reasons for increased mortgage banking net revenue of $39 million compared to the second quarter of 2007. Also contributing to the increase in mortgage banking net revenue in the second quarter of 2008 was a $17 million impact from the adoption of SFAS No. 159, as of January 1, 2008, on residential mortgage loans held for sale. Prior to adoption, mortgage loan origination costs were capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the loan and recognized as a reduction of mortgage banking net revenue upon the sale of the loans. Subsequent to the adoption, mortgage loan origination costs are recognized in earnings when incurred, which primarily drove the increase in salaries and incentives of $16 million in comparison to the same quarter last year.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Processing Solutions

Fifth Third Processing Solutions provides electronic funds transfer, debit, credit and merchant transaction processing, operates the Jeanie® ATM network and provides other data processing services to affiliated and unaffiliated customers. The table below contains selected financial data for the Processing Solutions segment.

TABLE 14: Processing Solutions

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008    2007     2008    2007  

Income Statement Data

          

Net interest income

   $ —      (1 )   $ 1    (1 )

Provision for loan and lease losses

     3    3       7    5  

Noninterest income:

          

Financial institutions processing

     96    79       186    158  

Merchant processing

     89    77       166    141  

Card issuer interchange

     21    16       40    31  

Other noninterest income

     10    10       23    19  

Noninterest expense:

          

Salaries, incentives and benefits

     20    19       40    37  

Payment processing expense

     65    57       129    108  

Other noninterest expenses

     56    41       108    84  
                          

Income before taxes

     72    61       132    114  

Applicable income taxes

     25    22       47    40  
                          

Net income

   $ 47    39     $ 85    74  
                          

Net income increased $8 million, or 19%, compared to the second quarter of 2007 as the segment continues to increase its presence in the electronic payment processing business. The segment continues to realize year-over-year double-digit growth in transaction volumes and revenue growth, despite the slowdown in consumer spending, due to the addition and conversion of large national clients over the past year and current initiatives involving merchant pricing and sales. Financial institutions processing revenues increased $17 million, or 22%, driven by higher debit card usage volumes. Contributing to the revenue growth is the segment’s acceleration of conversion efforts for financial institution customers from the first quarter of 2008. Merchant processing revenue increased $12 million, or 14%, over the same quarter last year. Growth in card issuer interchange of $5 million, or 36%, can be attributed to organic growth in the Bancorp’s credit card portfolio. The Bancorp continues to see significant opportunities to attract new financial institution customers and retailers within this business segment.

Payment processing expense increased 14% from the second quarter of 2007 due to higher network charges, increasing 19% to $47 million, resulting from increased transaction volumes. Financial institution transactions and merchant transactions processed increased 12% and 17%, respectively, over the second quarter of 2007. The segment continues to see expenses moderate to be more consistent with revenue growth as the business is able to leverage its size and its large national clients, signed over the past year, are fully converted.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Investment Advisors

Investment Advisors provides a full range of investment alternatives for individuals, companies and not-for-profit organizations. The Bancorp’s primary services include investments, trust, asset management, retirement plans and custody. Fifth Third Securities, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bancorp, offers full service retail brokerage services to individual clients and broker dealer services to the institutional marketplace. Fifth Third Asset Management, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bancorp, provides asset management services and also advises the Bancorp’s proprietary family of mutual funds. The table below contains selected financial data for the Investment Advisors segment.

TABLE 15: Investment Advisors

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
   For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

   2008    2007    2008    2007

Income Statement Data

           

Net interest income

   $ 47    38    $ 91    74

Provision for loan and lease losses

     5    2      10    5

Noninterest income:

           

Investment advisory income

     93    99      188    195

Other noninterest income

     8    5      15    11

Noninterest expense:

           

Salaries, incentives and benefits

     40    41      81    84

Other noninterest expenses

     59    62      113    118
                       

Income before taxes

     44    37      90    73

Applicable income taxes

     16    13      32    26
                       

Net income

   $ 28    24    $ 58    47
                       

Average Balance Sheet Data

           

Loans

   $ 3,604    3,162    $ 3,521    3,136

Core deposits

     4,796    5,039      4,975    4,995

Net income increased $4 million compared to the second quarter of 2007 as the segment grew loans and benefited from an overall decrease in interest rates to increase net interest income $9 million, or 24%, as the spread widened due to decreases in funding costs. Investment advisors realized average loan growth of 14% and a decrease in average core deposits of five percent compared to the same quarter a year ago.

Noninterest income decreased $3 million, or three percent, compared to the second quarter of 2007, as investment advisory income decreased six percent, to $93 million, with decreases realized across all types of investment advisory revenue. Trust income decreased three percent compared to the second quarter of 2007. Broker income decreased 10% as the equity markets remained volatile throughout the second quarter of 2008. In addition, the decrease in broker income was driven by clients moving to lower fee, cash based products from equity products and a drop in transaction based revenues. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had $207 billion in assets under care and $31 billion in managed assets, modestly lower than the previous year quarter. Noninterest expense decreased $4 million compared to the prior year quarter as the segment continues to focus on expense control.

General Corporate and Other

General Corporate and Other includes the unallocated portion of the investment securities portfolio, securities gains/losses, certain non-core deposit funding, unassigned equity, provision expense in excess of net charge-offs and certain support activities and other items not attributed to the business segments.

The results of General Corporate and Other were primarily impacted by the leveraged lease charge of approximately $130 million, both pre-tax and after-tax, reflected as a reduction in interest income and an increase of approximately $140 million in tax expense. The leveraged lease charge is due to recent court decisions related to leveraged leases and uncertainty regarding the outcome of outstanding litigation involving the Bancorp’s leveraged leases. Additionally, the provision for loan and lease losses increased significantly from $20 million in the second quarter of 2007 to $376 million in the second quarter of 2008.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS

Loans and Leases

The following tables summarize the end of period and average total loans and leases, including loans held for sale. The Bancorp classifies its loans and leases based upon the primary purpose of the loan.

TABLE 16: Components of Total Loans and Leases (includes held for sale)

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total

Commercial:

                 

Commercial loans

   $ 28,958    33    $ 26,079    31    $ 22,162    29

Commercial mortgage loans

     13,394    16      11,967    14      11,112    14

Commercial construction loans

     6,007    7      5,561    6      5,469    7

Commercial leases

     3,647    4      3,737    5      3,698    5
                                   

Subtotal – commercial

     52,006    60      47,344    56      42,441    55
                                   

Consumer:

                 

Residential mortgage loans

     10,704    13      11,433    14      10,038    13

Home equity

     12,421    14      11,874    14      11,780    15

Automobile loans

     8,362    10      11,183    13      10,714    14

Credit card

     1,717    2      1,591    2      1,263    2

Other consumer loans and leases

     1,203    1      1,157    1      1,181    1
                                   

Subtotal – consumer

     34,407    40      37,238    44      34,976    45
                                   

Total loans and leases

   $ 86,413    100    $ 84,582    100    $ 77,417    100
                                   

Total loans and leases increased $9.0 billion, or 12%, over the second quarter of 2007. The growth in total loans and leases was due to increased loan production across the Bancorp’s footprint primarily driven by the growth in commercial loans of $6.5 billion. Acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007 drove growth in commercial mortgage and residential mortgage loans by $1.1 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively, offset by a decrease in automobile loans due to securitization activity in the first quarter of 2008.

Total commercial loans and leases increased $9.6 billion, or 23%, compared to June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily due to strong growth in commercial loans of 31% compared to the second quarter of 2007 resulting from increased loan production. Commercial mortgage loans increased 21% over the second quarter of 2007, which included the impact of acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007 of $1.1 billion. The overall mix of commercial loans and leases is relatively consistent with prior periods.

Total consumer loans and leases decreased $569 million, or two percent, compared to the second quarter of 2007, as a result of the decrease in automobile loans partially offset by residential mortgage and home equity loan growth and increased promotion of credit cards. Residential mortgage loans were $10.7 billion at June 30, 2008, an increase of seven percent over the second quarter of 2007, with growth driven by approximately $1.7 billion of loans from acquisitions. Home equity loans increased $641 million, primarily due to acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007. Credit card loans increased to $1.7 billion, an increase of 36% over the second quarter of 2007, due to the Bancorp’s continued success in cross-selling credit cards to its existing retail customer base. Automobile loans decreased by approximately $2.4 billion, or 22%, due to $2.7 billion in automobile loan securitizations during the first quarter of 2008.

Average total commercial loans and leases increased $8.7 billion, or 21%, compared to the second quarter of 2007. The increase in average total commercial loans and leases was primarily driven by growth in commercial loans and commercial mortgage loans, which increased 32% and 14%, respectively, over the second quarter of 2007. The growth in commercial mortgage loans included the impact of acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007 of $881 million. Growth in overall average commercial loans and leases was realized in the majority of the Bancorp’s markets, including 22% growth in Florida primarily from commercial and industrial loans, 19% growth in Nashville and 17% growth in Chicago.

Average total consumer loans and leases decreased $540 million, or two percent, compared to the second quarter of 2007 as a result of the growth in residential mortgage loans of $1.0 billion, or 10%, and credit card balances of $454 million, or 36%, offset by $2.1 billion, or 20%, decrease in automobile loans. Acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007 impacted the change in residential mortgage loans and home equity loans by $1.6 billion and $506 million, respectively. The Bancorp experienced a decrease in average consumer loans and leases in a majority of its markets, although growth of 13% occurred in Nashville.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

TABLE 17: Components of Average Total Loans and Leases (includes held for sale)

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total

Commercial:

                 

Commercial loans

   $ 28,557    33    $ 24,526    30    $ 21,587    28

Commercial mortgage loans

     12,590    15      11,588    14      11,030    14

Commercial construction loans

     5,700    7      5,544    7      5,595    7

Commercial leases

     3,748    4      3,692    4      3,678    5
                                   

Subtotal – commercial

     50,595    59      45,350    55      41,890    54
                                   

Consumer:

                 

Residential mortgage loans

     11,244    13      11,181    14      10,201    13

Home equity

     12,012    14      11,843    15      11,886    15

Automobile loans

     8,439    10      11,158    13      10,552    14

Credit card

     1,703    2      1,461    2      1,248    2

Other consumer loans and leases

     1,219    2      1,179    1      1,271    2
                                   

Subtotal – consumer

     34,617    41      36,822    45      35,158    46
                                   

Total average loans and leases

   $ 85,212    100    $ 82,172    100    $ 77,048    100
                                   

Total portfolio loans and leases (excludes held for sale)

   $ 83,537       $ 78,174       $ 75,205   
                                   

Investment Securities

The Bancorp uses investment securities as a means of managing interest rate risk, providing liquidity support and providing collateral for pledging purposes. As of June 30, 2008, total investment securities were $13.3 billion compared to $11.5 billion at June 30, 2007. Securities are classified as available-for-sale when, in management’s judgment, they may be sold in response to, or in anticipation of, changes in market conditions. The Bancorp’s management has evaluated the securities in an unrealized loss position in the available-for-sale portfolio on the basis of both the duration of the decline in value of the security and the severity of that decline, and maintains the intent and ability to hold these securities to the earlier of the recovery of the losses or maturity.

The net unrealized loss on the available-for-sale securities portfolio was $217 million at June 30, 2008 compared to an unrealized loss of $144 million at December 31, 2007 and a $355 million unrealized loss at June 30, 2007. The change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities from December 31, 2007 primarily resulted from the widening in interest rate spread in mortgage products within the Bancorp’s portfolio, which impacted the net unrealized loss by approximately $54 million. In addition, the overall increase in interest rates since 2007 impacted the growth in the unrealized loss at June 30, 2008 by approximately $36 million. The change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities from June 30, 2007 primarily resulted from the general decline in interest rates, which was partially offset by the widening in mortgage spreads due to financial market volatility.

At June 30, 2008, the Bancorp’s investment portfolio primarily consisted of AAA-rated agency mortgage-backed securities. The investment portfolio includes $38 million of Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation preferred stock on which the Bancorp realized an other than temporary impairment charge of $13 million in the second quarter of 2008. The Bancorp owns Federal National Mortgage Association trust preferred securities totaling $30 million with an unrealized loss of $2 million at June 30, 2008. The Bancorp did not hold asset-backed securities backed by subprime loans in its securities portfolio at June 30, 2008. There were no material securities below investment grade as of June 30, 2008.

TABLE 18: Components of Investment Securities (amortized cost basis)

 

($ in millions)

   June 30,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   June 30,
2007

Available-for-sale and other:

        

U.S. Treasury and Government agencies

   $ 226    3    103

U.S. Government sponsored agencies

     244    160    260

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

     383    490    552

Agency mortgage-backed securities

     9,831    8,738    9,232

Other bonds, notes and debentures

     1,181    385    150

Other securities

     1,070    1,045    1,073
                

Total available-for-sale and other securities

   $ 12,935    10,821    11,370
                

Held-to-maturity:

        

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 356    351    344

Other bonds, notes and debentures

     5    4    2
                

Total held-to-maturity

   $ 361    355    346
                

On an amortized cost basis, at the end of the second quarter of 2008, available-for-sale securities increased $1.6 billion since June 30, 2007. At June 30, 2008 and 2007, available-for-sale securities were 13% of interest-earning assets. Although the securities portfolio has grown in comparison to prior periods, the Bancorp has no specific plans to increase the portfolio beyond current levels.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The estimated weighted-average life of the debt securities in the available-for-sale portfolio was 6.6 years at June 30, 2008 compared to 5.5 years at June 30, 2007. At June 30, 2008, the fixed-rate securities within the available-for-sale securities portfolio had a weighted-average yield of 5.03% compared to 5.33% at June 30, 2007.

Information presented in Table 19 is on a weighted-average life basis, anticipating future prepayments. Yield information is presented on an FTE basis and is computed using historical cost balances. Maturity and yield calculations for the total available-for-sale portfolio exclude equity securities that have no stated yield or maturity.

TABLE 19: Characteristics of Available-for-Sale and Other Securities

 

As of June 30, 2008 ($ in millions)

   Amortized Cost    Fair Value    Weighted-
Average Life
(in years)
   Weighted-
Average Yield
 

U.S. Treasury and Government agencies:

           

Average life of one year or less

   $ —      $ —      —      —   %

Average life 1 – 5 years

     223      221    2.0    3.49  

Average life 5 – 10 years

     1      1    9.7    3.42  

Average life greater than 10 years

     2      2    11.7    3.29  
                         

Total

     226      224    2.1    3.49  

U.S. Government sponsored agencies:

           

Average life of one year or less

     60      61    0.7    4.84  

Average life 1 – 5 years

     184      183    2.3    3.59  

Average life 5 – 10 years

     —        —      —      —    

Average life greater than 10 years

     —        —      —      —    
                         

Total

     244      244    1.9    3.89  

Obligations of states and political subdivisions (a):

           

Average life of one year or less

     190      191    0.3    7.40  

Average life 1 – 5 years

     131      134    2.3    7.11 (b)

Average life 5 – 10 years

     61      61    7.5    7.76 (b)

Average life greater than 10 years

     1      1    12.6    3.68  
                         

Total

     383      387    2.1    7.29  

Agency mortgage-backed securities:

           

Average life of one year or less

     1      1    0.5    7.35  

Average life 1 – 5 years

     1,649      1,645    3.6    4.83  

Average life 5 – 10 years

     7,990      7,812    8.0    5.03  

Average life greater than 10 years

     191      192    10.3    5.60  
                         

Total

     9,831      9,650    7.3    5.01  

Other bonds, notes and debentures (c):

           

Average life of one year or less

     617      616    0.1    3.12  

Average life 1 – 5 years

     295      294    3.6    6.92  

Average life 5 – 10 years

     72      69    6.1    7.04  

Average life greater than 10 years

     197      182    16.7    7.46  
                         

Total

     1,181      1,161    4.1    5.03  

Other securities (d)

     1,070      1,052      
                         

Total available-for-sale and other securities

   $ 12,935    $ 12,718    6.6    5.03 %
                         

 

(a) Taxable-equivalent yield adjustments included in the above table are 2.48%, 2.38%, 2.61%, 1.24% and 2.44% for securities with an average life of one year or less, 1-5 years, 5-10 years, greater than 10 years and in total, respectively.
(b) Weighted-average yield excludes $1 million and $52 million of securities with an average life of 1-5 years and 5-10 years, respectively, related to qualified zone academy bonds whose yields are realized through income tax credits. The weighted-average effective yield of these instruments is 6.77%.
(c) Other bonds, notes, and debentures consist of commercial paper, non-agency mortgage backed securities, certain other asset backed securities (primarily automobile and commercial loan backed securities) and corporate bond securities.
(d) Other securities consist of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank restricted stock holdings that are carried at par, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) preferred stock holdings, certain mutual fund holdings and equity security holdings.

Deposits

Deposit balances represent an important source of funding and revenue growth opportunity. The Bancorp is continuing to focus on core deposit growth in its retail and commercial franchises by expanding its retail franchise through acquisitions and its de novo strategy and enhancing its product offerings. At June 30, 2008, core deposits represented 57% of the Bancorp’s asset funding base, compared to 61% at June 30, 2007.

Included in core deposits are foreign office deposits, which are Eurodollar sweep accounts for the Bancorp’s commercial customers. These accounts bear interest at rates slightly higher than money market accounts, but the Bancorp does not have to pay FDIC insurance nor hold collateral. The remaining foreign office balances are brokered deposits and the Bancorp uses these, as well as certificates of deposit $100,000 and over, as a method to fund earning asset growth.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

TABLE 20: Deposits

 

($ in millions)

   June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007
   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total

Demand

   $ 16,259    21    $ 14,404    19    $ 13,524    20

Interest checking

     14,002    18      15,254    20      14,672    21

Savings

     16,602    21      15,635    21      15,036    22

Money market

     6,806    9      6,521    9      6,334    9

Foreign office

     2,174    3      2,572    4      1,744    2
                                   

Transaction deposits

     55,843    72      54,386    73      51,310    74

Other time

     9,839    13      11,440    15      10,428    15
                                   

Core deposits

     65,682    85      65,826    88      61,738    89

Certificates - $100,000 and over

     10,870    14      6,738    9      6,204    9

Other foreign office

     864    1      2,881    3      1,251    2
                                   

Total deposits

   $ 77,416    100    $ 75,445    100    $ 69,193    100
                                   

Transaction deposits grew nine percent compared to June 30, 2007, primarily attributable to organic growth and acquisitions since the second quarter of 2007, which increased transaction deposits by $2.5 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively. Additionally, the Bancorp continued to realize a mix shift as customers migrated from lower yielding interest checking into higher yielding savings and money market accounts. Demand deposits grew 20% from the second quarter of 2007, driven by a 26% year-over-year increase in commercial demand deposits. Overall, core deposits grew six percent compared to the second quarter of 2007 as other time deposits decreased six percent from the second quarter of 2007 due to unusually high competitor pricing in many of the Bancorp’s markets during the second quarter of 2008. Excluding deposits added from acquisitions since June 30, 2007, core deposits grew two percent from the second quarter 2007 due to 45 additional banking centers compared to the second quarter of 2007.

Certificates $100,000 and over increased compared to the same quarter last year due to actions taken by the Bancorp as a liquidity management strategy, which involved extending the average duration of wholesale borrowings to reduce exposure to high levels of market volatility.

TABLE 21: Average Deposits

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total
   Balance    % of
Total

Demand

   $ 14,023    19    $ 13,345    19    $ 13,370    19

Interest checking

     14,396    19      14,394    20      15,061    22

Savings

     16,583    22      15,616    22      14,620    21

Money market

     6,592    9      6,363    9      6,244    9

Foreign office

     2,169    3      2,249    3      1,637    2
                                   

Transaction deposits

     53,763    72      51,967    73      50,932    73

Other time

     9,517    13      11,011    15      10,780    16
                                   

Core deposits

     63,280    85      62,978    88      61,712    89

Certificates - $100,000 and over

     8,143    11      6,613    9      6,511    10

Other foreign office

     2,948    4      2,464    3      732    1
                                   

Total deposits

   $ 74,371    100    $ 72,055    100    $ 68,955    100
                                   

On an average basis, core deposits increased three percent primarily due to acquisition activity and de novo growth. The Bancorp continues to realize a mix shift as customers continued to migrate from checking to higher yielding accounts compared to the second quarter of 2007. Excluding acquisitions, average core deposits decreased two percent. The Bancorp realized double-digit growth, compared to the same quarter last year, in savings, foreign deposit and certificates $100,000 and over offset by a decrease in interest checking deposits and other time deposits. The Bancorp experienced average core deposit growth of 17% in the Nashville market.

Borrowings

Total short-term borrowings were $8.1 billion at June 30, 2008 compared to $7.2 billion at June 30, 2007. As of June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, total borrowings as a percentage of interest-bearing liabilities were 27% and 26%, respectively, as the Bancorp continues to explore additional alternatives regarding the level and cost of various other sources of funding.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

TABLE 22: Borrowings

 

($ in millions)

   June 30,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   June 30,
2007

Federal funds purchased

   $ 2,447    4,427    $ 3,824

Other short-term borrowings

     5,628    4,747      3,331

Long-term debt

     15,046    12,857      11,957
                  

Total borrowings

   $ 23,121    22,031    $ 19,112
                  

Federal funds purchased decreased compared to December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007 due to the Bancorp’s decreased usage of these types of borrowings to fund loan growth primarily due to an increased usage of long-term debt and the issuance of convertible preferred stock during the second quarter of 2008. Long-term debt increased since December 31, 2007 due to debt issuances during the first and second quarters of 2008. In April 2008, the Bancorp issued $750 million of 6.25% senior notes with a maturity date of May 1, 2013. The notes are not subject to redemption at the Bancorp’s option at any time prior to maturity. Additionally, in May 2008, a deconsolidated trust issued $400 million of Tier 1-qualifying trust preferred securities and invested these proceeds in junior subordinated notes issued by the Bancorp. The notes mature on May 15, 2068 and bear a fixed rate of 8.875% until May 15, 2058. After May 15, 2058, the notes bear interest at a variable rate of three-month LIBOR plus 5.00%. The Bancorp has subsequently entered into hedges related to these notes.

Information on the average rates paid on borrowings is located in the Statements of Income Analysis. In addition, refer to the Liquidity Risk Management section for a discussion on the role of borrowings in the Bancorp’s liquidity management.

 

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (Item 3)

RISK MANAGEMENT – OVERVIEW

Managing risk is an essential component of successfully operating a financial services company. The Bancorp’s risk management function is responsible for the identification, measurement, monitoring, control and reporting of risk and mitigation of those risks that are inconsistent with the Bancorp’s risk profile. The Enterprise Risk Management division (“ERM”), led by the Bancorp’s Chief Risk Officer, ensures consistency in the Bancorp’s approach to managing and monitoring risk within the structure of the Bancorp’s affiliate operating model. In addition, the Internal Audit division provides an independent assessment of the Bancorp’s internal control structure and related systems and processes. The risks faced by the Bancorp include, but are not limited to, credit, market, liquidity, operational and regulatory compliance. ERM includes the following key functions:

 

   

Risk Policy - ensures consistency in the approach to risk management as the Bancorp’s clearinghouse for credit, market and operational risk policies, procedures and guidelines;

 

   

Credit Risk Review - responsible for evaluating the sufficiency of underwriting, documentation and approval processes for consumer and commercial credits, counter-party credit risk, the accuracy of risk grades assigned to commercial credit exposure, and appropriate accounting for charge-offs, non-accrual status and specific reserves and reports directly to the Risk and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors;

 

   

Consumer Credit Risk Management - responsible for credit risk management in consumer lending, including oversight of underwriting and credit administration processes as well as analytics and reporting functions;

 

   

Capital Markets Risk Management - responsible for establishing and monitoring proprietary trading limits, monitoring liquidity and interest rate risk and utilizing value at risk and earnings at risk models;

 

   

Compliance Risk Management - responsible for oversight of compliance with all banking regulations;

 

   

Operational Risk Management - responsible for enterprise operational risk programs such as risk self-assessments, new products review, the key risk indicator program, and root cause analysis and corrective action plans relating to identified operational losses;

 

   

Bank Protection - responsible for fraud prevention and detection, and investigations and recovery;

 

   

Insurance Risk Management - responsible for all property, casualty and liability insurance policies including the claims administration process for the Bancorp;

 

   

Investment Advisors Risk Management - responsible for trust compliance, fiduciary risk, trading risk and credit risk in the Investment Advisors line of business; and

 

   

Risk Strategies and Reporting - responsible for quantitative analytics and Board of Directors and senior management reporting on credit, market and operational risk metrics.

Designated risk managers have been assigned to all business lines. Affiliate risk management is handled by regional risk managers who are responsible for multiple affiliates and who report to ERM.

Risk management oversight and governance is provided by the Risk and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors and through multiple management committees whose membership includes a broad cross-section of line of business, affiliate and support representatives. The Risk and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors consists of five outside directors and has the responsibility for the oversight of credit, market, operational, regulatory compliance and strategic risk management activities for the Bancorp, as well as for the Bancorp’s overall aggregate risk profile. The Risk and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors has approved the formation of key management governance committees that are responsible for evaluating risks and controls. These committees include the Market Risk Committee, the Corporate Credit Committee, the Credit Policy Committee, the Operational Risk Committee and the Executive Asset Liability Committee. There are also new products and initiatives processes applicable to every line of business to ensure an appropriate standard readiness assessment is performed before launching a new product or initiative. Significant risk policies approved by the management governance committees are also reviewed and approved by the Risk and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors.

 

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (continued)

 

CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT

The objective of the Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy is to quantify and manage credit risk on an aggregate portfolio basis, as well as to limit the risk of loss resulting from an individual customer default. The Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy is based on three core principles: conservatism, diversification and monitoring. The Bancorp believes that effective credit risk management begins with conservative lending practices. These practices include conservative exposure and counterparty limits and conservative underwriting, documentation and collection standards. The Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy also emphasizes diversification on a geographic, industry and customer level as well as regular credit examinations and monthly management reviews of large credit exposures and credits experiencing deterioration of credit quality. Lending officers with the authority to extend credit are delegated specific authority amounts, the utilization of which is closely monitored. Lending activities are largely centralized, while ERM manages the policy and the authority delegation process directly. The Credit Risk Review function, within ERM, provides objective assessments of the quality of underwriting and documentation, the accuracy of risk grades and the charge-off and reserve analysis process. The Bancorp’s credit review process and overall assessment of required allowances is based on quarterly assessments of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio. The Bancorp uses these assessments to promptly identify potential problem loans or leases within the portfolio, maintain an adequate reserve and take any necessary charge-offs. In addition to the individual review of larger commercial loans that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses, the commercial credit review process includes the use of two risk grading systems. The risk grading system currently utilized for reserve analysis purposes encompasses ten categories. The Bancorp also maintains a dual risk rating system that provides for thirteen probabilities of default grade categories and an additional six grade categories for estimating actual losses given an event of default. The probability of default and loss given default evaluations are not separated in the ten-grade risk rating system. The Bancorp is in the process of completing significant validation and testing of the dual risk rating system prior to its implementation for reserve analysis purposes. The dual risk rating system is expected to be consistent with Basel II expectations and allows for more precision in the analysis of commercial credit risk. Scoring systems, various analytical tools and delinquency monitoring are used to assess the credit risk in the Bancorp’s homogenous consumer loan portfolios.

Commercial Portfolio

The Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy includes minimizing concentrations of risk through diversification. Table 24 provides breakouts of the total commercial loan and lease portfolio, including held for sale, by major industry classification (as defined by the North American Industry Classification System), by loan size and by state, illustrating the diversity and granularity of the Bancorp’s portfolio. Table 23 provides further information on the location of commercial real estate and construction industry loans and leases.

TABLE 23: Outstanding Commercial Real Estate and Construction Loans by State

 

As of June 30 ($ in millions)

   2008    2007

Michigan

   $ 4,725    4,544

Ohio

     4,385    4,068

Florida

     2,816    2,675

Illinois

     1,414    1,345

Indiana

     1,284    1,294

Kentucky

     869    804

Tennessee

     517    430

North Carolina

     456    12

All other states

     1,590    992
           

Total

   $ 18,056    16,164
           

At June 30, 2008, homebuilder exposure represents the most significant weakness in the commercial portfolio. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had homebuilder exposure of $4.9 billion and outstanding loans of $3.3 billion with $547 million in nonaccrual loans. As of June 30, 2008, approximately 50% of the outstanding loans to homebuilders are located in the states of Michigan and Florida and represent approximately 75% of the nonaccrual loans. As of December 31, 2007, the Bancorp had homebuilder exposure of $4.4 billion, outstanding loans of $2.9 billion with $176 million in nonaccrual loans. The increase in homebuilder balances during 2008 is primarily attributable to the acquisition of First Charter.

 

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (continued)

 

TABLE 24: Commercial Loan and Lease Portfolio (a)

 

     2008    2007

As of June 30 ($ in millions)

   Outstanding     Exposure    Nonaccrual    Outstanding    Exposure    Nonaccrual

By industry:

                

Real estate

   $ 12,796     15,733    458    10,811    13,519    68

Manufacturing

     7,507     14,485    72    5,653    12,357    25

Construction

     5,260     8,089    486    5,353    8,720    98

Retail trade

     4,194     7,417    74    3,834    6,785    20

Wholesale trade

     3,200     5,537    26    1,972    3,741    18

Financial services and insurance

     2,917     7,371    28    1,565    5,201    7

Healthcare

     2,916     4,713    18    1,940    3,505    10

Transportation and warehousing

     2,876     3,300    27    2,297    2,660    3

Business services

     2,865     5,111    52    1,941    3,804    19

Accommodation and food

     1,186     1,628    63    849    1,249    11

Other services

     1,174     1,662    17    1,002    1,487    11

Individuals

     1,149     1,493    33    1,205    1,574    12

Other

     934     1,590    82    793    1,358    5

Communication and information

     928     1,583    21    622    1,189    1

Public administration

     859     1,069    1    723    941    —  

Mining

     741     1,292    3    396    753    5

Entertainment and recreation

     680     941    18    604    856    5

Agribusiness

     656     829    7    575    759    1

Utilities

     473     1,297    —      306    1,114    —  
                                

Total

   $ 53,311     85,140    1,486    42,441    71,572    319
                                

By loan size:

                

Less than $200,000

     3 %   2    5    4    3    12

$200,000 to $1 million

     13     10    16    16    11    28

$1 million to $5 million

     27     23    40    30    25    43

$5 million to $10 million

     24     22    18    17    15    17

$10 million to $25 million

     13     14    18    22    25    —  

Greater than $25 million

     20     29    3    11    21    —  
                                

Total

     100 %   100    100    100    100    100
                                

By state:

                

Ohio

     25 %   29    13    25    28    27

Michigan

     19     17    30    21    19    28

Florida

     10     8    29    10    9    11

Illinois

     8     9    6    10    10    8

Indiana

     7     7    7    9    9    15

Kentucky

     5     5    5    6    6    5

North Carolina

     4     3    1    —      —      —  

Tennessee

     3     2    1    3    3    3

All other states

     19     20    8    16    16    3
                                

Total

     100 %   100    100    100    100    100
                                

 

(a) Outstanding reflects total commercial customer loan and lease balances, including held for sale and net of unearned income, and exposure reflects total commercial customer lending commitments.

Residential Mortgage Portfolio

The Bancorp manages credit risk in the mortgage portfolio through conservative underwriting and documentation standards and geographic and product diversification. The Bancorp may also package and sell loans in the portfolio without recourse or may purchase mortgage insurance for the loans sold in order to mitigate credit risk.

Certain mortgage products have contractual features that may increase the risk of loss to the Bancorp in the event of a decline in housing prices. These types of mortgage products offered by the Bancorp include loans with high loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, multiple loans on the same collateral that when combined result in a high LTV (“80/20”) and interest-only loans. Table 25 shows the Bancorp’s originations of these products for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The Bancorp does not originate mortgage loans that permit customers to defer principal payments or make payments that are less than the accruing interest.

 

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TABLE 25: Residential Mortgage Originations

 

     2008     2007  

($ in millions)

   Amount    Percent of total     Amount    Percent of total  

For the three months ended June 30:

          

Greater than 80% LTV with no mortgage insurance

   $ 4    —   %   $ 90    3 %

Interest-only

     189    6       563    18  

Greater than 80% LTV and interest-only

     2    —         4    —    

80/20 loans

     4    —         64    2  

80/20 loans and interest-only

     —      —         6    —    

For the six months ended June 30:

          

Greater than 80% LTV with no mortgage insurance

     11    —         198    3  

Interest-only

     622    9       1,058    18  

Greater than 80% LTV and interest-only

     2    —         19    —    

80/20 loans

     35    1       111    2  

80/20 loans and interest-only

     —      —         44    1  

Table 26 provides the amount of these loans as a percent of the residential mortgage loans in the Bancorp’s portfolio and the delinquency rates of these loan products as of June 30, 2008 and 2007. The balance of the mortgage portfolio not included in Table 26 is characterized by mortgage loans with less than 80% LTV, with approximately two-thirds representing fixed rate mortgages. Reset of rates on adjustable rate mortgages are not expected to have a material impact on credit cost as two-thirds of adjustable rate mortgages have an LTV less than 80%. Geographically, the Bancorp’s residential mortgage portfolio is dominated by three states with Florida, Ohio and Michigan representing 31%, 23% and 15% of the portfolio, respectively.

TABLE 26: Residential Mortgage Outstandings

 

     2008     2007  

As of June 30 ($ in millions)

   Amount    Percent
of total
    Delinquency
Ratio
    Amount    Percent
of total
    Delinquency
Ratio
 

Greater than 80% LTV with no mortgage insurance

   $ 2,196    22 %   9.25 %   $ 1,903    23 %   5.57 %

Interest-only

     1,724    17     2.02       1,257    15     .65  

Greater than 80% LTV and interest-only

     444    4     7.25       525    6     1.95  

80/20 loans

     —      —       —         —      —       —    

The Bancorp previously originated certain non-conforming residential mortgage loans known as “Alt-A” loans. Borrower qualifications were comparable to other conforming residential mortgage products. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp held $123 million of Alt-A mortgage loans in its portfolio with approximately $10 million in nonaccrual.

The Bancorp previously sold certain mortgage products in the secondary market with recourse. The outstanding balances and delinquency rates for those loans sold with recourse as of June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $1.4 billion and 4.81%, and $1.6 billion and 1.78%, respectively. Charge-offs on recourse loans were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.

Home Equity Portfolio

The home equity portfolio is characterized by 82% of outstanding balances within the Bancorp’s Midwest footprint of Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois. The portfolio has an average FICO score of 733 as of June 30, 2008, comparable with 734 at June 30, 2007 and 736 at June 30, 2006. Further detail on location and origination LTV ratios is included in Table 27.

TABLE 27: Home Equity Outstandings

 

     2008     2007  

As of June 30 ($ in millions)

   LTV less
than 80%
   LTV greater
than 80%
   Delinquency
Ratio
    LTV less
than 80%
   LTV greater
than 80%
   Delinquency
Ratio
 

Ohio

   $ 1,874    2,016    1.40 %   $ 1,889    2,071    1.31 %

Michigan

     1,387    1,289    1.95       1,416    1,311    1.70  

Indiana

     608    614    1.80       645    658    1.55  

Illinois

     710    557    1.67       606    555    1.42  

Kentucky

     503    573    1.49       503    607    1.23  

Florida

     619    291    2.92       427    240    1.83  

All other states

     470    910    2.56       162    690    1.96  
                                    

Total

   $ 6,171    6,250    1.84 %   $ 5,648    6,132    1.51 %
                                    

 

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Analysis of Nonperforming Assets

A summary of nonperforming assets is included in Table 28. Nonperforming assets include: (i) nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectibility of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain; (ii) restructured consumer loans which have not yet met the requirements to be classified as a performing asset; and (iii) other assets, including other real estate owned and repossessed equipment. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when the principal or interest is past due 90 days or more (unless the loan is both well secured and in process of collection) and payment of the full principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of the loan is not expected. Additionally, loans are placed on nonaccrual status upon deterioration of the financial condition of the borrower or upon the restructuring of the loan. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, the accrual of interest, amortization of loan premium, accretion of loan discount and amortization or accretion of deferred net loan fees or costs are discontinued and previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed. Commercial loans on nonaccrual status are reviewed for impairment at least quarterly. If the principal or a portion of principal is deemed a loss, the loss amount is charged off to the allowance for loan and lease losses.

TABLE 28: Summary of Nonperforming Assets and Delinquent Loans

 

($ in millions)

   June 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007
   June 30,
2007

Nonperforming loans and leases:

       

Commercial loans

   $ 407       175    137

Commercial mortgage loans

     524       243    113

Commercial construction loans

     537       249    65

Commercial leases

     18       5    4

Residential mortgage loans

     142       92    38

Home equity

     35       45    44

Automobile loans

     7       3    3

Credit card

     —         —      —  

Other consumer loans and leases

     —         1    —  

Restructured loans and leases:

       

Residential mortgage loans

     187       29    2

Home equity

     116       46    —  

Credit card

     15       5    —  
                   

Total nonaccrual loans and leases

     1,988       893    406

Repossessed personal property

     22       21    17

Other real estate owned

     188       150    105
                   

Total nonperforming assets

   $ 2,198     $ 1,064    528
                   

Commercial loans

   $ 52       44    44

Commercial mortgage loans

     149       73    37

Commercial construction loans

     53       67    33

Commercial leases

     1       4    1

Residential mortgage loans (a)

     228       186    98

Home equity

     76       72    61

Automobile loans

     12       13    10

Credit card

     33       31    18

Other consumer loans and leases

     1       1    —  
                   

Total 90 days past due loans and leases

   $ 605       491    302
                   

Nonperforming assets as a percent of total loans, leases and other assets, including other real estate owned

     2.56 %     1.32    .70

Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of total nonperforming assets

     72       88    152

 

(a) Information for all periods presented excludes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements to Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. As of June 30, 2008, December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007, these advances were $27 million, $25 million and $16 million, respectively.

Total nonperforming assets were $2.2 billion at June 30, 2008, compared to $1.1 billion at December 31, 2007 and $528 million at June 30, 2007. Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total loans, leases and other assets, including other real estate owned, as of June 30, 2008 was 2.56% compared to 1.32% as of December 31, 2007 and .70% as of June 30, 2007. The composition of nonaccrual credits continues to shift as more than 82% of nonaccrual credits were secured by real estate as of June 30, 2008 compared to approximately 70% as of June 30, 2007.

Commercial nonaccrual credits increased from $319 million as of June 30, 2007 and $1.1 billion at March 31, 2008 to $1.5 billion as of June 30, 2008. The majority of the increase was driven by the real estate and construction industries in the states of Florida and Michigan. These states combined to account for 63% of the sequential growth in commercial nonaccrual credits and represent 59% of total commercial nonaccrual credits as of June 30, 2008. As shown in Table 24, the real estate and construction industries

 

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (continued)

 

contributed to approximately two-thirds of the increase in nonaccrual credits. Of the $944 million of real estate and construction nonaccrual credits, $547 million is related to homebuilders or developers. Due to the deterioration in real estate prices in Michigan and Florida, the Bancorp has charged-off $91 million against the loans that make up homebuilder and developer nonaccrual credits and has provided an additional $44 million in reserves held against these loans. For additional information on credit reserves, see the discussion on allowance for credit losses later in this section.

Consumer nonaccrual credits increased from $87 million as of June 30, 2007 and $221 million as of December 31, 2007 to $502 million as of June 30, 2008. The increase in consumer nonaccrual credits is primarily attributable to declines in the housing markets in the Michigan and Florida affiliates and the restructuring of certain high risk loans. Michigan and Florida accounted for 64% of the increase in nonaccrual credits in the residential real estate portfolio and, as of June 30, 2008, represented 59% of total residential real estate nonaccrual credits. The Bancorp has devoted significant attention to loss mitigation activities and has proactively restructured certain real estate loans. Consumer restructured loans are recorded as nonaccrual credits until there is a sustained period of payment by the borrower, generally a minimum of six months of payments in accordance with the loans’ modified terms. Consumer restructured loans contributed approximately $318 million to nonaccrual loans as of June 30, 2008 compared to $2 million in restructured loans as of June 30, 2007.

Analysis of Net Charge-offs

Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans and leases were 166 bp for the second quarter of 2008, compared to 89 bp for the fourth quarter of 2007 and 55 bp for the second quarter of 2007. Table 29 provides a summary of credit loss experience and net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding by loan category.

The ratio of commercial loan net charge-offs to average commercial loans outstanding increased to 141 bp in the second quarter of 2008 compared to 66 bp in the fourth quarter of 2007 and 44 bp in the second quarter of 2007, as homebuilders, developers and related suppliers were affected by the downturn in the real estate markets. Charge-offs for the second quarter of 2008 included $34 million, or 19%, related to homebuilders and developers. Excluding a $23 million customer fraud-related charge-off, approximately 58% of charge-offs greater than $500,000 involved loans in the construction or real estate industries.

The ratio of consumer loan net charge-offs to average consumer loans outstanding increased to 204 bp in the second quarter of 2008 compared to 118 bp in the fourth quarter of 2007 and 68 bp in the second quarter of 2007. Residential mortgage charge-offs increased to $63 million in the second quarter of 2008 compared to $18 million in the fourth quarter of 2007 and $9 million in the second quarter of 2007, reflecting increased foreclosure rates in the Bancorp’s key lending markets coupled with an increase in severity of loss on mortgage loans. Florida, Michigan and Ohio continue to rank among the top states in total mortgage foreclosures. These foreclosures not only added to the volume of charge-offs, but also hampered the Bancorp’s ability to recover the value of the homes collateralizing the mortgages as they contributed to declining home prices. Florida affiliates continue to experience the most stress and accounted for over half of the residential mortgage charge-offs in the second quarter. While Michigan residential mortgage charge-offs remain elevated, there was no increase in charge-offs in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the first quarter of 2008. Home equity charge-offs increased to $54 million and 183 bp of average loans, primarily due to increases in the Michigan and Florida affiliates and among those products originated through a broker channel. Brokered home equity loans represented 50% of home equity charge-offs during 2007 despite representing only 20% of home equity lines and loans as of June 30, 2008. Management responded to the performance of the brokered home equity portfolio by reducing originations in 2007 of this product by 64% compared to 2006 and, at the end of 2007, eliminating this channel of origination. Management is also limiting further withdrawals against lines of credits for those products and geographies displaying the most stress. The ratio of automobile loan net charge-offs to average automobile loans was 121 bp for the second quarter of 2008, an increase of 63 bp compared to the second quarter 2007 displaying an expected increase due to a shift in the portfolio to a higher percentage of used automobiles and an increase in loss severity due to increased market depreciation of used automobiles. The net charge-off ratio on credit card balances increased compared to the same quarter last year as the Bancorp increased originations of card balances throughout the past year. Although the credit characteristics of the credit card portfolio have been maintained during the origination of new cards, including the weighted average FICO and average line outstanding, the Bancorp does expect the charge-off ratio to increase as the portfolio matures. The Bancorp employs a risk-adjusted pricing methodology to help ensure adequate compensation is received for those products that have higher credit costs.

During the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp changed its charge-off policy for the credit card portfolio to conform with regulatory guidelines and industry standards and to increase the likelihood of recoveries and customer affirmation of the Bancorp’s bankruptcy proceedings. This policy reduced credit card charge offs by $4 million as the Bancorp converted from charging off a credit card balance at receipt of bankruptcy notice or 180 days past due, whichever comes first, to 60 days after bankruptcy notice or 180 days past due, whichever comes first. This change did not affect the amount or timing of a charge on the Bancorp’s provision for loan and lease expense as the Bancorp provides for probable credit card losses upon receipt of a bankruptcy notice.

 

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TABLE 29: Summary of Credit Loss Experience

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Losses charged off:

        

Commercial loans

   $ (109 )   (29 )   $ (148 )   (48 )

Commercial mortgage loans

     (22 )   (16 )     (55 )   (23 )

Commercial construction loans

     (49 )   (7 )     (121 )   (13 )

Commercial leases

     —       —         —       (1 )

Residential mortgage loans

     (63 )   (9 )     (98 )   (16 )

Home equity

     (57 )   (22 )     (99 )   (41 )

Automobile loans

     (35 )   (24 )     (79 )   (49 )

Credit card

     (23 )   (12 )     (44 )   (23 )

Other consumer loans and leases

     (7 )   (5 )     (14 )   (9 )
                            

Total losses

     (365 )   (124 )     (658 )   (223 )

Recoveries of losses previously charged off:

        

Commercial loans

     2     5       5     9  

Commercial mortgage loans

     1     —         2     1  

Commercial construction loans

     —       —         —       —    

Commercial leases

     —       —         —       1  

Residential mortgage loans

     —       —         —       —    

Home equity

     3     2       4     5  

Automobile loans

     9     9       18     18  

Credit card

     2     2       4     5  

Other consumer loans and leases

     4     4       5     11  
                            

Total recoveries

     21     22       38     50  

Net losses charged off:

        

Commercial loans

     (107 )   (24 )     (143 )   (39 )

Commercial mortgage loans

     (21 )   (16 )     (53 )   (22 )

Commercial construction loans

     (49 )   (7 )     (121 )   (13 )

Commercial leases

     —       —         —       —    

Residential mortgage loans

     (63 )   (9 )     (98 )   (16 )

Home equity

     (54 )   (20 )     (95 )   (36 )

Automobile loans

     (26 )   (15 )     (61 )   (31 )

Credit card

     (21 )   (10 )     (40 )   (18 )

Other consumer loans and leases

     (3 )   (1 )     (9 )   2  
                            

Total net losses charged off

   $ (344 )   (102 )     (620 )   (173 )
                            

Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans and leases (excluding held for sale):

        

Commercial loans

     1.52 %   .44       1.07 %   .37  

Commercial mortgage loans

     .66     .56       .87     .41  

Commercial construction loans

     3.46     .48       4.32     .42  

Commercial leases

     (.01 )   .02       (.01 )   .02  
                            

Total commercial loans

     1.41     .44       1.32     .36  
                            

Residential mortgage loans

     2.57     .43       1.93     .38  

Home equity

     1.83     .66       1.61     .61  

Automobile loans

     1.21     .58       1.37     .59  

Credit card

     4.93     3.28       4.86     3.28  

Other consumer loans and leases

     1.31     .78       1.54     (.26 )
                            

Total consumer loans

     2.04     .68       1.80     .61  
                            

Total net losses charged off

     1.66 %   .55       1.52 %   .47  
                            

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses is comprised of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The allowance for loan and lease losses provides coverage for probable and estimable losses in the loan and lease portfolio. The Bancorp evaluates the allowance each quarter to determine its adequacy to cover inherent losses. Several factors are taken into consideration in the determination of the overall allowance for loan and lease losses, including an unallocated component. These factors include, but are not limited to, the overall risk profile of the loan and lease portfolios, net charge-off experience, the extent of impaired loans and leases, the level of nonaccrual loans and leases, the level of 90 days past due loans and leases and the overall percentage level of the allowance for loan and lease losses. The Bancorp also considers overall asset quality trends, credit administration and portfolio management practices, risk identification practices, credit policy and underwriting practices, overall portfolio growth, portfolio concentrations and current national and local economic conditions that might impact the portfolio. The Bancorp continues to monitor recent developments in the credit markets.

 

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In the current year, the Bancorp has not substantively changed any material aspect of its overall approach in the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses and there have been no material changes in assumptions or estimation techniques as compared to prior periods that impacted the determination of the current period allowance. In addition to the allowance for loan and lease losses, the Bancorp maintains a reserve for unfunded commitments recorded in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The methodology used to determine the adequacy of this reserve is similar to the Bancorp’s methodology for determining the allowance for loan and lease losses. The provision for unfunded commitments is included in other noninterest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

TABLE 30: Changes in Allowance for Credit Losses

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Allowance for loan and lease losses:

        

Beginning balance

   $ 1,205     784     $ 937     771  

Net losses charged off

     (344 )   (102 )     (620 )   (173 )

Provision for loan and lease losses

     719     121       1,263     205  
                            

Ending balance

   $ 1,580     803     $ 1,580     803  
                            

Reserve for unfunded commitments:

        

Beginning balance

   $ 103     79     $ 95     76  

Provision for unfunded commitments

     10     (2 )     18     1  

Acquisitions

     2     —         2     —    
                            

Ending balance

   $ 115     77     $ 115     77  
                            

The allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of the total loan and lease portfolio increased to 1.85% at June 30, 2008, compared to 1.17% at December 31, 2007 and 1.06% at June 30, 2007. This increase is reflective of a number of factors including: the increase in delinquencies, increased loss estimates due to the real estate price deterioration in some of the Bancorp’s key lending markets and declines in general economic conditions. These factors were the primary drivers of the increased reserve amounts for most of the Bancorp’s loan categories.

As discussed previously, nonperforming assets increased to $2.2 billion as of June 30, 2008. Impaired commercial loans increased $650 million from the fourth quarter of 2007; impaired commercial loans require individual review to determine loan and lease reserves. Delinquency trends also increased across most product lines and credit grades from the prior year leading to increases in loss factors for those products.

Real estate price deterioration, as measured by the Home Price Index, was most prevalent in Michigan, due in part to cutbacks by automobile manufacturers, and in Florida, due to past real estate price appreciation and related over-development. The year-over-year deterioration in home prices has been as high as 20% in some of the Bancorp’s hardest hit geographies. The deterioration in real estate values increased the expected loss once a loan becomes delinquent, particularly for residential mortgage and home equity loans with high loan-to-value ratios.

Compared to the prior year, negative trends in general economic conditions, as measured by items such as unemployment rate, home sales and inventory, consumer price index and bankruptcy filings in the national and local economies, also caused increases in reserve factors used to determine the losses inherent within the loan and lease portfolio.

The Bancorp continually reviews its credit administration and loan and lease portfolio and makes changes based on the performance of its products. Over the past year, the Bancorp has reduced its lending to homebuilder and developers and non-owner occupied real estate, eliminated brokered home equity production and engaged in significant loss mitigation strategies.

 

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MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

Market risk arises from the potential for market fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and equity prices that may result in potential reductions in net income. Interest rate risk, a component of market risk, is the exposure to adverse changes in net interest income or financial position due to changes in interest rates. Management considers interest rate risk a prominent market risk in terms of its potential impact on earnings. Interest rate risk can occur for any one or more of the following reasons:

 

   

Assets and liabilities may mature or reprice at different times;

 

   

Short-term and long-term market interest rates may change by different amounts; or

 

   

The expected maturity of various assets or liabilities may shorten or lengthen as interest rates change.

In addition to the direct impact of interest rate changes on net interest income, interest rates can indirectly impact earnings through their effect on loan demand, credit losses, mortgage originations, the value of servicing rights and other sources of the Bancorp’s earnings. Stability of the Bancorp’s net income is largely dependent upon the effective management of interest rate risk. Management continually reviews the Bancorp’s balance sheet composition and earnings flows and models the interest rate risk, and possible actions to reduce this risk, given numerous possible future interest rate scenarios.

Earnings Simulation Model

The Bancorp employs a variety of measurement techniques to identify and manage its interest rate risk, including the use of an earnings simulation model to analyze the sensitivity of net interest income and certain noninterest items to changing interest rates. The model is based on contractual and assumed cash flows and repricing characteristics for all of the Bancorp’s financial instruments, and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the effect of changing interest rates on the prepayment rates of certain assets and liabilities. The model also includes senior management projections of the future volume and pricing of each of the product lines offered by the Bancorp as well as other pertinent assumptions. Actual results will differ from these simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies.

The Bancorp’s Executive Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”), which includes senior management representatives and is accountable to the Risk and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors, monitors and manages interest rate risk within Board approved policy limits. In addition to the risk management activities of ALCO, the Bancorp has a Market Risk Management function as part of ERM that provides independent oversight of market risk activities. The Bancorp’s current interest rate risk exposure is evaluated by measuring the anticipated change in net interest income and mortgage banking net revenue over 12-month and 24-month horizons assuming a 200 bp parallel ramped increase or decrease in market interest rates. In accordance with the current policy, the rate movements are assumed to occur over one year and are sustained thereafter.

The following table shows the Bancorp’s estimated earnings sensitivity profile and ALCO policy limits as of June 30, 2008:

TABLE 31: Estimated Earnings Sensitivity Profile

 

     Change in Earnings (FTE)     ALCO Policy Limits  

Change in Interest Rates (bp)

   12 Months     13 to 24 Months     12 Months     13 to 24 Months  

+200

   (1.11 )%   (.46 )   (5.00 )   (7.00 )

+100

   (.51 )   (.54 )   —       —    

-100

   (.01 )   (.45 )   —       —    

-200

   (.01 )   (2.29 )   (5.00 )   (7.00 )

Economic Value of Equity

The Bancorp also employs economic value of equity (“EVE”) as a measurement tool in managing interest rate risk. Whereas the earnings simulation highlights exposures over a relatively short time horizon, the EVE analysis incorporates all cash flows over the estimated remaining life of all balance sheet and derivative positions. The EVE of the balance sheet, at a point in time, is defined as the discounted present value of asset and derivative cash flows less the discounted value of liability cash flows. The sensitivity of EVE to changes in the level of interest rates is a measure of longer-term interest rate risk. In contrast to the earnings simulation, which assumes interest rates will change over a period of time, EVE uses instantaneous changes in rates. EVE values only the current balance sheet and does not incorporate the growth assumptions used in the earnings simulation model. As with the earnings simulation model, assumptions about the timing and variability of balance sheet cash flows are critical in the EVE analysis. Particularly important are the assumptions driving prepayments and the expected changes in balances and pricing of the transaction deposit portfolios.

 

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The following table shows the Bancorp’s EVE sensitivity profile and the ALCO policy limits as of June 30, 2008:

TABLE 32: Estimated EVE Sensitivity Profile

 

Change in Interest Rates (bp)

   Change in EVE     ALCO Policy Limits  

+200

   (5.8 )%   (20.0 )

-200

   1.3     (20.0 )

While an instantaneous shift in interest rates is used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure, the Bancorp believes that a gradual shift in interest rates would have a much more modest impact. Since EVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in EVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon (i.e., the current fiscal year). Further, EVE does not take into account factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, changes in yield curve relationships and changing product spreads that could mitigate the adverse impact of changes in interest rates. The earnings simulation and EVE analyses do not necessarily include certain actions that management may undertake to manage this risk in response to anticipated changes in interest rates.

Use of Derivatives to Manage Interest Rate Risk

An integral component of the Bancorp’s interest rate risk management strategy is its use of derivative instruments to minimize significant fluctuations in earnings and cash flows caused by changes in market interest rates. Examples of derivative instruments that the Bancorp may use as part of its interest rate risk management strategy include interest rate swaps, interest rate floors, interest rate caps, forward contracts, principal only swaps, options and swaptions.

As part of its overall risk management strategy relative to its mortgage banking activity, the Bancorp enters into forward contracts accounted for as free-standing derivatives to economically hedge interest rate lock commitments that are also considered free-standing derivatives. In addition, the Bancorp also economically hedges its exposure to mortgage loans held for sale.

The Bancorp also establishes derivative contracts with major financial institutions to economically hedge significant exposures assumed in commercial customer accommodation derivative contracts. Generally, these contracts have similar terms in order to protect the Bancorp from market volatility. Credit risks arise from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts, which the Bancorp minimizes through approvals, limits and monitoring procedures. The notional amount and fair values of these derivatives as of June 30, 2008 are included in Note 7 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Portfolio Loans and Leases and Interest Rate Risk

Although the Bancorp’s portfolio loans and leases contain both fixed and floating/adjustable rate products, the rates of interest earned by the Bancorp on the outstanding balances are generally established for a period of time. The interest rate sensitivity of loans and leases is directly related to the length of time the rate earned is established. Table 33 summarizes the expected principal cash flows of the Bancorp’s portfolio loans and leases as of June 30, 2008:

TABLE 33: Portfolio Loan and Lease Principal Cash Flows

 

($ in millions)

   Less than 1 year    1 – 5 years    Greater than
5 years
   Total

Commercial loans

   $ 15,055    11,993    1,910    $ 28,958

Commercial mortgage loans

     5,422    5,884    2,088      13,394

Commercial construction loans

     4,114    1,221    672      6,007

Commercial leases

     597    1,529    1,521      3,647
                       

Subtotal - commercial loans

     25,188    20,627    6,191      52,006
                       

Residential mortgage loans

     2,522    3,646    3,698      9,866

Home equity

     1,877    5,028    5,516      12,421

Automobile loans

     3,078    4,748    536      8,362

Credit card

     147    1,570    —        1,717

Other consumer loans and leases

     501    605    46      1,152
                       

Subtotal - consumer loans

     8,125    15,597    9,796      33,518
                       

Total

   $ 33,313    36,224    15,987    $ 85,524
                       

 

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Segregated by interest rate type, the following is a summary of expected principal cash flows occurring after one year as of June 30, 2008:

TABLE 34: Portfolio Loan and Lease Principal Cash Flows Occurring After One Year

 

     Interest Rate

($ in millions)

   Fixed    Floating or Adjustable

Commercial loans

   $ 3,052    10,851

Commercial mortgage loans

     2,912    5,060

Commercial construction loans

     658    1,235

Commercial leases

     3,050    —  
           

Subtotal - commercial loans

     9,672    17,146
           

Residential mortgage loans

     3,991    3,353

Home equity

     1,728    8,816

Automobile loans

     5,240    44

Credit card

     854    716

Other consumer loans and leases

     639    12
           

Subtotal - consumer loans

     12,452    12,941
           

Total

   $ 22,124    30,087
           

Mortgage Servicing Rights and Interest Rate Risk

The net carrying amount of the MSR portfolio was $697 million and $602 million as of June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, respectively. The value of servicing rights can fluctuate sharply depending on changes in interest rates and other factors. Generally, as interest rates decline and loans are prepaid to take advantage of refinancing, the total value of existing servicing rights declines because no further servicing fees are collected on repaid loans. The Bancorp maintains a non-qualifying hedging strategy relative to its mortgage banking activity in order to manage a portion of the risk associated with changes in the value of its MSR portfolio as a result of changing interest rates.

Mortgage rates increased throughout the second quarter of 2008. This increase in rates caused prepayment assumptions to decrease and led to a recovery of $80 million in temporary impairment during the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the recovery of $12 million in temporary impairment in the second quarter of 2007. Servicing rights are deemed temporarily impaired when a borrower’s loan rate is distinctly higher than prevailing rates. Temporary impairment on servicing rights is reversed when the prevailing rates return to a level commensurate with the borrower’s loan rate. Offsetting the mortgage servicing rights valuation, the Bancorp recognized net losses of $84 million and $9 million on its non-qualifying hedging strategy for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. See Note 5 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion on servicing rights.

Foreign Currency Risk

The Bancorp enters into foreign exchange derivative contracts to economically hedge certain foreign denominated loans. The derivatives are classified as free-standing instruments with the revaluation gain or loss being recorded in other noninterest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The balance of the Bancorp’s foreign denominated loans at June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007 was approximately $342 million and $202 million, respectively. The Bancorp also enters into foreign exchange contracts for the benefit of commercial customers involved in international trade to hedge their exposure to foreign currency fluctuations. The Bancorp has internal controls in place to help ensure excessive risk is not being taken in providing this service to customers. These controls include an independent determination of currency volatility and credit equivalent exposure on these contracts, counterparty credit approvals and country limits.

LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT

The goal of liquidity management is to provide adequate funds to meet changes in loan and lease demand, unexpected deposit withdrawals and other contractual obligations. Mitigating liquidity risk is accomplished by maintaining liquid assets in the form of investment securities, maintaining sufficient unused borrowing capacity in the national money markets and delivering consistent growth in core deposits. The estimated weighted-average life of the available-for-sale portfolio was 6.6 years at June 30, 2008, based on current prepayment expectations. Of the $13.3 billion of securities in the portfolio at June 30, 2008, $2.5 billion in principal and interest is expected to be received in the next 12 months, and an additional $1.6 billion is expected to be received in the next 13 to 24 months. In addition to the securities portfolio, asset-driven liquidity is provided by the Bancorp’s ability to sell or securitize loan and lease assets. In order to reduce the exposure to interest rate fluctuations and to manage liquidity, the Bancorp has developed securitization and sale procedures for several types of interest-sensitive assets. A majority of the long-term, fixed-rate single-family residential mortgage loans underwritten according to FHLMC or FNMA guidelines are sold for cash upon origination. Additional assets such as jumbo fixed-rate residential mortgages, certain floating rate short-term commercial loans, certain floating-rate home equity loans, certain automobile loans and other consumer loans are also capable of being securitized, sold or transferred off-balance sheet. For the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, loans totaling $4.0 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, were sold, securitized or transferred off-balance sheet.

 

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Additionally, the Bancorp has a shelf registration in place with the SEC permitting ready access to the public debt markets and qualifies as a “well-known seasoned issuer” under SEC rules. As of June 30, 2008, $7.6 billion of debt or other securities were available for issuance from this shelf registration under the current Bancorp’s Board of Directors’ authorizations. The Bancorp also has $16.2 billion of funding available for issuance through private offerings of debt securities pursuant to its bank note program. These sources, in addition to a 6.37% tangible equity base, provide the Bancorp with a stable funding base.

Core deposits have historically provided the Bancorp with a sizeable source of relatively stable and low cost funds. The Bancorp’s average core deposits and shareholders’ equity funded 71% of its average total assets during the second quarter of 2008. In addition to core deposit funding, the Bancorp also accesses a variety of other short-term and long-term funding sources, which include the use of various regional Federal Home Loan Banks as a funding source. Certificates carrying a balance of $100,000 or more and deposits in the Bancorp’s foreign branch located in the Cayman Islands are wholesale funding tools utilized to fund asset growth. Management does not rely on any one source of liquidity and manages availability in response to changing balance sheet needs.

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

Management and the Bancorp’s Board of Directors regularly reviews its capital position to help ensure that the Bancorp is appropriately positioned under various operating environments. Due to the deterioration in credit trends over the past year and the uncertainty involving future economic trends, on June 18, 2008, the Bancorp’s Board of Directors approved the following actions to strengthen its capital position;

 

   

The issuance of approximately $1 billion in Tier 1 capital in the form of convertible preferred shares;

 

   

A reduction in the quarterly dividend level. The Bancorp declared its second quarter cash dividend on its common stock and set the level at $0.15 per share, a reduction from the first quarter of 2008 dividend of $0.44 per share; and

 

   

The anticipated sale of certain non-strategic businesses that, if successfully completed, would supplement common equity capital by an estimated additional $1 billion or more.

In conjunction with these actions, the Bancorp revised its capital target and is now targeting an eight to nine percent range for its Tier I capital ratio. As of June 30, 2008, due to the completion of its preferred stock issuance and the reduced dividend, regulatory capital ratios were higher compared to December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007 and the Bancorp met its revised Tier I capital ratio targets. Regulatory capital information is presented in Table 35.

The Federal Reserve Board established quantitative measures that assign risk weightings to assets and off-balance sheet items and also define and set minimum regulatory capital requirements (risk-based capital ratios). Additionally, the guidelines define “well-capitalized” ratios for Tier I and total risk-based capital as 6% and 10%, respectively. The Bancorp exceeded these “well-capitalized” ratios for all periods presented.

TABLE 35: Regulatory Capital

 

($ in millions)

   June 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007
   June 30,
2007

Tier I capital

   $ 9,829     8,924    8,616

Total risk-based capital

     14,031     11,733    11,163

Risk-weighted assets

     115,481     115,529    105,950

Regulatory capital ratios:

       

Tier I capital

     8.51 %   7.72    8.13

Total risked-based capital

     12.15     10.16    10.54

Tier I leverage

     9.08     8.50    8.76

At June 30, 2008, shareholders’ equity was $10.8 billion, compared to $9.2 billion at December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007. Tangible equity as a percent of tangible assets was 6.37% at June 30, 2008, 6.14% at December 31, 2007 and 7.18% at June 30, 2007. The increase in shareholders’ equity from the second quarter of 2007 is primarily a result of the approximately $1.1 billion issuance of convertible preferred stock in June 2008.

Dividend Policy and Stock Repurchase Program

The Bancorp’s common stock dividend policy reflects its earnings outlook, desired payout ratios, the need to maintain adequate capital levels and alternative investment opportunities. The Bancorp’s quarterly dividend for the second quarter 2008 was $.15 per share, a decrease compared to the $.44 per share declared in first quarter 2008 and $.42 per share declared in the second quarter of 2007. The decrease in the dividend provides the Bancorp with an estimated $170 million per quarter in additional capital that may be needed during a difficult operating environment.

 

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The Bancorp’s stock repurchase program is an important element of its capital planning activities. The Bancorp’s repurchase of equity securities is shown in Table 36. On May 21, 2007, the Bancorp announced that its Board of Directors had authorized management to purchase 30 million shares of the Bancorp’s common stock through the open market or in any private transaction. The timing of the purchases and the exact number of shares to be purchased depends upon market conditions. The authorization does not include specific price targets or an expiration date. At June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had approximately 19 million shares remaining under the current Board of Directors’ authorization.

TABLE 36: Share Repurchases

 

Period

   Total Number of
Shares
Purchased
(a)
   Average
Price Paid
Per Share
   Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced Plans
or Programs
   Maximum Number of
Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans
or Programs

April 1, 2008 – April 30, 2008

   —      $ —      —      19,201,518

May 1, 2008 – May 31, 2008

   —        —      —      19,201,518

June 1, 2008 – June 30, 2008

   —        —      —      19,201,518
                     

Total

   —      $ —      —      19,201,518
                     

 

(a) The Bancorp repurchased 19,061 shares during the second quarter of 2008 in connection with various employee compensation plans. These purchases are not included in the calculation for average price paid per share and do not count against the maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the Board of Directors’ authorization.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

The Bancorp consolidates all of its majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities for which the Bancorp is the primary beneficiary. Other entities, including certain joint ventures in which there is greater than 20% ownership, but upon which the Bancorp does not possess and cannot exert significant influence or control, are accounted for by the equity method of accounting and not consolidated. Those entities in which there is less than 20% ownership are generally carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

In the ordinary course of business, the Bancorp enters into financial transactions to extend credit, and various forms of commitments and guarantees that may be considered off-balance sheet arrangements. These transactions involve varying elements of market, credit and liquidity risk. The nature and extent of these transactions are provided in Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the Bancorp uses conduits, asset securitizations and certain defined guarantees to provide a source of funding. The use of these investment vehicles involves differing degrees of risk. A summary of these transactions is provided below.

Through June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp had transferred, subject to credit recourse, certain primarily floating-rate, short-term, investment grade commercial loans to an unconsolidated qualified special purpose entity (“QSPE”) that is wholly owned by an independent third-party. Generally, the loans transferred provide a lower yield due to their investment grade nature, and therefore transferring theses loans to the QSPE allows the Bancorp to reduce its exposure to these lower yielding loan assets while maintaining the customer relationships. Under current accounting provisions, QSPEs are exempt from consolidation and, therefore, not included in the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The outstanding balance of these loans at June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $2.9 billion and $3.3 billion, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, the loans transferred had a weighted average life of 2.0 years. These loans may be transferred back to the Bancorp upon the occurrence of certain specified events. These events include borrower default on the loans transferred, bankruptcy preferences initiated against underlying borrowers and ineligible loans transferred by the Bancorp to the QSPE. The maximum amount of credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the underlying borrowers is approximately equivalent to the total outstanding balance. During the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the QSPE did not transfer any loans back to the Bancorp as a result of a credit event. In addition, there have been no material changes in the overall ratings of the loans transferred to the QSPE. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Bancorp collected $567 million in cash proceeds from loan transfers and $7 million in fees from the QSPE. For the six months ended June 30, 2007, the Bancorp collected $911 million in cash proceeds from loan transfers and $14 million in fees from the QSPE.

The QSPE issues commercial paper and uses the proceeds to fund the acquisition of commercial loans transferred to it by the Bancorp. The Bancorp also agrees to provide liquidity support to the QSPE. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the liquidity agreement was $3.5 billion and $4.0 billion, respectively. The Bancorp purchased asset-backed commercial paper from the QSPE and, as of June 30, 2008, held $614 million of the QSPE’s asset-backed commercial paper. The Bancorp purchased the commercial paper at market rates to help fund the QSPE in a market characterized by widening credit spreads and tight liquidity conditions. At June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp’s loss reserve related to the liquidity support and credit enhancement provided to the QSPE was $20 million and $13 million, respectively, and was recorded in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Bancorp utilizes securitization trusts and conduits, formed as QSPEs, to facilitate the securitization process of certain floating-rate home equity lines of credit and certain automobile loans. In each of the securitization trusts and conduits, the Bancorp sold the loans without recourse and does not maintain control over the assets. The Bancorp’s securitization policy permits the retention of

 

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (continued)

 

subordinated tranches, servicing rights, interest-only strips and residual interests. The cash flows to and from the securitization trusts and QSPEs are principally limited to the initial proceeds from the securitization trust at the time of sale, with subsequent cash flows relating to interests that continue to be held by the Bancorp. At June 30, 2008, the Bancorp had retained servicing assets totaling $1 million, subordinated tranche security interests totaling $67 million and residual interests totaling $173 million. At June 30, 2007, the Bancorp had retained servicing assets totaling $2 million, subordinated tranche security interests totaling $8 million and residual interests totaling $14 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, cash proceeds from transfers reinvested in revolving-period securities totaled $39 million and $38 million, respectively. Additionally, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp received fees of $4 million and $1 million, respectively, from securitization trusts and conduits. See Note 5 for more information on securitizations and the interests that continue to be held by the Bancorp.

At June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp had provided credit recourse on approximately $1.4 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, of residential mortgage loans previously sold to unrelated third parties. In the event of any customer default, pursuant to the credit recourse provided, the Bancorp is required to reimburse the third party. The maximum amount of credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the underlying borrowers is equivalent to the total outstanding balance. In the event of nonperformance, the Bancorp has rights to the underlying collateral value attached to the loan. The Bancorp maintained an estimated credit loss reserve of approximately $14 million and $19 million relating to these residential mortgage loans sold at June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. To determine the credit loss reserve, the Bancorp used an approach that is consistent with its overall approach in estimating credit losses for various categories of residential mortgage loans held in its loan portfolio.

 

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Controls and Procedures (Item 4)

The Bancorp conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Bancorp’s management, including the Bancorp’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Bancorp’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act). Based on the foregoing, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Bancorp’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Bancorp’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective, at the reasonable assurance level, to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Bancorp files and submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required and to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Bancorp in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Bancorp’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

The Bancorp’s management also conducted an evaluation of internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, there has been no such change during the period covered by this report.

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (Item 1)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)

 

     As of  

($ in millions, except share data)

   June 30,
2008
    December 31,
2007
    June 30,
2007
 

Assets

      

Cash and due from banks

   $ 2,853     2,660     2,294  

Available-for-sale and other securities (a)

     12,718     10,677     11,015  

Held-to-maturity securities (b)

     361     355     346  

Trading securities

     241     171     148  

Other short-term investments

     286     620     437  

Loans held for sale (c)

     889     4,329     1,708  

Portfolio loans and leases:

      

Commercial loans

     28,958     24,813     22,152  

Commercial mortgage loans

     13,394     11,862     11,044  

Commercial construction loans

     6,007     5,561     5,469  

Commercial leases

     3,647     3,737     3,697  

Residential mortgage loans

     9,866     10,540     8,477  

Home equity

     12,421     11,874     11,780  

Automobile loans

     8,362     9,201     10,714  

Credit card

     1,717     1,591     1,263  

Other consumer loans and leases

     1,152     1,074     1,113  
                    

Portfolio loans and leases

     85,524     80,253     75,709  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (1,580 )   (937 )   (803 )
                    

Portfolio loans and leases, net

     83,944     79,316     74,906  

Bank premises and equipment

     2,444     2,223     2,063  

Operating lease equipment

     364     353     209  

Goodwill

     3,603     2,470     2,192  

Intangible assets

     203     147     147  

Servicing rights

     701     618     607  

Other assets

     6,368     7,023     5,318  
                    

Total Assets

   $ 114,975     110,962     101,390  
                    

Liabilities

      

Deposits:

      

Demand

   $ 16,259     14,404     13,524  

Interest checking

     14,002     15,254     14,672  

Savings

     16,602     15,635     15,036  

Money market

     6,806     6,521     6,334  

Other time

     9,839     11,440     10,428  

Certificates - $100,000 and over

     10,870     6,738     6,204  

Foreign office

     3,038     5,453     2,995  
                    

Total deposits

     77,416     75,445     69,193  

Federal funds purchased

     2,447     4,427     3,824  

Other short-term borrowings

     5,628     4,747     3,331  

Accrued taxes, interest and expenses

     1,864     2,427     2,114  

Other liabilities

     1,820     1,898     1,780  

Long-term debt

     15,046     12,857     11,957  
                    

Total Liabilities

     104,221     101,801     92,199  

Shareholders’ Equity

      

Common stock (d)

     1,295     1,295     1,295  

Preferred stock (e)

     1,082     9     9  

Capital surplus

     583     1,779     1,749  

Retained earnings

     8,178     8,413     8,489  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     (152 )   (126 )   (293 )

Treasury stock

     (232 )   (2,209 )   (2,058 )
                    

Total Shareholders' Equity

     10,754     9,161     9,191  
                    

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

   $ 114,975     110,962     101,390  
                    

 

(a) Amortized cost: June 30, 2008 - $12,935, December 31, 2007 - $10,821 and June 30, 2007 - $11,370.
(b) Market values: June 30, 2008 - $361, December 31, 2007 - $355 and June 30, 2007 - $346.
(c) Includes $761 of residential mortgage loans held for sale measured at fair value at June 30, 2008.
(d) Common shares: Stated value $2.22 per share; authorized 2,000,000,000; outstanding at June 30, 2008 - 577,529,636 (excludes 5,897,468 treasury shares), December 31, 2007 - 532,671,925 (excludes 51,516,339 treasury shares) and June 30, 2007 - 535,696,910 (excludes 47,730,194 treasury shares).
(e) 444,750 shares of undesignated no par value preferred stock are authorized of which none had been issued; 7,250 shares of 8.0% cumulative Series D convertible (at $23.5399 per share) perpetual preferred stock with a stated value of $1,000 per share were authorized, issued and outstanding; 2,000 shares of 8.0% cumulative Series E perpetual preferred stock with a stated value of $1,000 per share were authorized, issued and outstanding; 8.5% non-cumulative Series G convertible (into 2,159.8272 common shares) perpetual preferred stock with a $25,000 liquidation preference: 46,000 authorized, 44,300 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2008 (issued June 2008).

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited)

 

     For the three months ended
June 30,
   For the six months ended
June 30,

($ in millions, except per share data)

   2008     2007    2008    2007

Interest Income

          

Interest and fees on loans and leases

   $ 1,050     1,343    $ 2,340    2,657

Interest on securities

     155     143      307    286

Interest on other short-term investments

     2     3      7    6
                        

Total interest income

     1,207     1,489      2,654    2,949

Interest Expense

          

Interest on deposits

     278     505      677    1,003

Interest on short-term borrowings

     49     72      129    131

Interest on long-term debt

     142     173      289    340
                        

Total interest expense

     469     750      1,095    1,474
                        

Net Interest Income

     738     739      1,559    1,475

Provision for loan and lease losses

     719     121      1,263    205
                        

Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan and Lease Losses

     19     618      296    1,270

Noninterest Income

          

Electronic payment processing revenue

     235     205      447    390

Service charges on deposits

     159     142      307    268

Corporate banking revenue

     111     88      218    171

Investment advisory revenue

     92     97      185    193

Mortgage banking net revenue

     86     41      182    81

Other noninterest income

     49     96      228    174

Securities (losses) gains, net

     (10 )   —        17    —  

Securities gains, net - non-qualifying hedges on mortgage servicing rights

     —       —        3    —  
                        

Total noninterest income

     722     669      1,587    1,277

Noninterest Expense

          

Salaries, wages and incentives

     331     309      679    601

Employee benefits

     60     68      145    155

Net occupancy expense

     73     68      145    133

Payment processing expense

     67     59      133    111

Technology and communications

     49     41      96    81

Equipment expense

     31     31      61    60

Other noninterest expense

     247     189      317    376
                        

Total noninterest expense

     858     765      1,576    1,517
                        

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

     (117 )   522      307    1,030

Applicable income taxes

     85     146      223    295
                        

Net Income (Loss)

   $ (202 )   376    $ 84    735
                        

Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Shareholders (a)

   $ (202 )   375    $ 84    734
                        

Earnings Per Share

   $ (0.37 )   0.69    $ 0.16    1.35
                        

Earnings Per Diluted Share

   $ (0.37 )   0.69    $ 0.16    1.34
                        

 

(a) Dividends on preferred stock are $.185 and $.370 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited)

 

     For the six months ended
June 30,
 

($ in millions, except per share data)

   2008     2007  

Total Shareholders’ Equity, beginning

   $ 9,161     10,022  

Net income

     84     735  

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

    

Change in unrealized gains and (losses):

    

Available-for-sale securities

     (38 )   (111 )

Qualifying cash flow hedges

     9     (6 )

Change in accumulated other comprehensive income related to employee benefit plans

     3     3  
              

Comprehensive income

     58     621  

Cash dividends declared:

    

Common stock (2008 - $.59 per share and 2007 - $.84 per share)

     (321 )   (456 )

Preferred stock (a)

     —       —    

Issuance of preferred stock

     1,072     —    

Stock-based awards exercised, including treasury shares issued

     —       45  

Stock-based compensation expense

     28     35  

Loans repaid related to the exercise of stock-based awards, net

     2     2  

Change in corporate tax benefit related to stock-based compensation

     (15 )   3  

Shares issued in an acquisition

     770     —    

Shares acquired for treasury

     —       (973 )

Impact of diversification of nonqualified deferred compensation plan

     —       (18 )

Impact of cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (b)

     —       (98 )

Other

     (1 )   8  
              

Total Shareholders’ Equity, ending

   $ 10,754     9,191  
              

 

(a) Dividends on preferred stock are $.370 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
(b) 2007 includes $96 million impact due to the adoption of FSP FAS 13-2, "Accounting for a Change or Projected Change in the Timing of Cash Flows Relating to Income Taxes Generated by a Leveraged Lease Transaction" on January 1, 2007 and $2 million impact due to the adoption of FIN 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109" on January 1, 2007.

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

 

     For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007  

Operating Activities

    

Net income

   $ 84     735  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Provision for loan and lease losses

     1,263     205  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

     172     185  

Stock-based compensation expense

     28     35  

Provision for deferred income taxes

     167     10  

Realized securities gains

     (32 )   (2 )

Realized securities gains – non-qualifying hedges on mortgage servicing rights

     (3 )   —    

Realized securities losses

     15     1  

Loss on recalculation of the timing of tax benefits on leveraged leases

     130     —    

Loans originated for sale, net of repayments

     (7,651 )   (6,289 )

Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale

     7,813     5,672  

Net (gains) losses on sales of loans

     (57 )   7  

Capitalized mortgage servicing rights

     (123 )   (108 )

Decrease in trading securities

     717     39  

Decrease in other assets

     1,329     469  

Decrease in accrued taxes, interest and expenses

     (486 )   (207 )

Excess tax benefit related to stock-based compensation

     —       (4 )

Decrease in other liabilities

     (4 )   (559 )
              

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

     3,362     189  
              

Investing Activities

    

Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities

     2,678     385  

Proceeds from calls, paydowns and maturities of available-for-sale securities

     32,850     3,671  

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

     (37,137 )   (4,165 )

Proceeds from calls, paydowns and maturities of held-to-maturity securities

     2     10  

Purchases of held-to-maturity securities

     (10 )   —    

Decrease in other short-term investments

     336     404  

Net increase in loans and leases

     (3,822 )   (2,001 )

Proceeds from sale of loans

     3,511     515  

Increase in operating lease equipment

     (25 )   (16 )

Purchases of bank premises and equipment

     (241 )   (232 )

Proceeds from disposal of bank premises and equipment

     28     24  

Net cash paid in acquisitions

     (154 )   —    
              

Net Cash Used In Investing Activities

     (1,984 )   (1,405 )
              

Financing Activities

    

Decrease in core deposits

     (3,327 )   (690 )

Increase in certificates - $100,000 and over, including foreign office

     1,456     503  

(Decrease) increase in federal funds purchased

     (2,192 )   2,403  

Increase in other short-term borrowings

     148     535  

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

     2,651     1,748  

Repayment of long-term debt

     (530 )   (2,324 )

Payment of cash dividends

     (466 )   (452 )

Exercise of stock-based awards, net

     2     47  

Purchases of treasury stock

     —       (973 )

Issuance of preferred stock

     1,072     —    

Excess tax benefit related to stock-based compensation

     —       4  

Other

     1     4  
              

Net Cash (Used In) Provided by Financing Activities

     (1,185 )   805  
              

Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Due from Banks

     193     (411 )

Cash and Due from Banks at Beginning of Period

     2,660     2,705  
              

Cash and Due from Banks at End of Period

   $ 2,853     2,294  
              

Cash Payments

    

Interest

   $ 1,099     1,472  

Income taxes

     298     289  

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

    

Acquisitions:

    

Fair value of tangible assets acquired (noncash)

   $ 4,318     —    

Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets acquired

     1,215     —    

Liabilities assumed

     (4,609 )   —    

Common stock issued

     (770 )   —    

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

1. Basis of Presentation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Bancorp and its majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities in which the Bancorp has been determined to be the primary beneficiary. Other entities, including certain joint ventures, in which there is greater than 20% ownership, but upon which the Bancorp does not possess and cannot exert significant influence or control, are accounted for by the equity method and not consolidated; those in which there is less than 20% ownership are generally carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

In the opinion of management, the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all adjustments, which consist of normal recurring accruals, necessary to present fairly the financial position as of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and the changes in shareholders’ equity for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission for interim financial information, these statements do not include certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete annual financial statements and it is suggested that these condensed financial statements be read in conjunction with the latest annual financial statements. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Financial information as of December 31, 2007 has been derived from the annual Consolidated Financial Statements of the Bancorp.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes to conform to the current period presentation.

 

2. New Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 13-2, “Accounting for a Change or Projected Change in the Timing of Cash Flows Relating to Income Taxes Generated by a Leveraged Lease Transaction.” This FSP addresses the accounting for a change or projected change in the timing of lessor cash flows, but not the total net income, relating to income taxes generated by a leveraged lease transaction. This FSP amends SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases,” and applies to all transactions classified as leveraged leases. The timing of cash flows relating to income taxes generated by a leveraged lease is an important assumption that affects the periodic income recognized by the lessor. Under this FSP, the projected timing of income tax cash flows generated by a leveraged lease transaction are required to be reviewed annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that a change in timing has occurred or is projected to occur. The expected timing of the income tax cash flows generated by a leveraged lease is revised if during the lease term the rate of return and the allocation of income would be recalculated from the inception of the lease. In the year of adoption, the cumulative effect of the change in the net investment balance resulting from the recalculation will be recognized as an adjustment to the beginning balance of retained earnings. On an ongoing basis following the adoption, a change in the net investment balance resulting from a recalculation will be recognized as a gain or a loss in the period in which the assumption changed and included in income from continuing operations in the same line item where leveraged lease income is recognized. These amounts would then be recognized back into income over the remaining terms of the affected leases. Additionally, upon adoption, only tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be reflected in the financial statements and all recognized tax positions in a leveraged lease must be measured in accordance with FIN 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” issued in July 2006. Upon adoption of this FSP on January 1, 2007, the Bancorp recognized an after-tax adjustment to beginning retained earnings of $96 million representing the cumulative effect of applying the provisions of this FSP. Due to recent court decisions related to leveraged leases and uncertainty regarding the outcome of outstanding litigation involving certain of the Bancorp’s leveraged leases, the Bancorp recognized after-tax charges in the second quarter of 2008 of $229 million relating to leveraged leases. This charge consisted of approximately $130 million, pre-tax, or $89 million after-tax, reflected as a reduction in interest income due to a projected change in the timing of tax benefits and an increase of approximately $140 million, pre-tax and after tax, in tax expense required for interest.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement and should be determined based on assumptions that a market participant would use when pricing an asset or liability. This Statement clarifies that market participant assumptions should include assumptions about risk as well as the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset. Additionally, this Statement establishes a fair value hierarchy that provides the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data. This Statement was effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-2, "Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157", which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008 did not have a material effect on the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” This Statement permits an entity to choose to measure certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value, on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Once an entity has elected to record eligible items at fair value, the decision is irrevocable and the entity should report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings. On January 1, 2008, upon adoption of this Statement, the Bancorp elected to prospectively measure at fair value, residential mortgage loans originated on or after January 1, 2008 that have a designation as held for sale. Based on this prospective election, the adoption of the fair value option did not have a material effect on the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” which replaces SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations." This Statement retains the fundamental requirements in SFAS No. 141 that the acquisition method of accounting (formerly referred to as purchase method) be used for all business combinations and that an acquirer be identified for each business combination. This Statement defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination and establishes the acquisition date as of the date that the acquirer achieves control. This Statement requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values. This Statement requires the acquirer to generally recognize acquisition-related costs and restructuring costs separately from the business combination as period expenses. This Statement is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—an Amendment to ARB No. 51.” This Statement establishes new accounting and reporting standards that require the ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent's equity. The Statement also requires the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income. In addition, when a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained noncontrolling equity investment in the former subsidiary shall be initially measured at fair value, with the gain or loss on the deconsolidation of the subsidiary measured using the fair value of any noncontrolling equity investment rather than the carrying amount of that retained investment. SFAS No. 160 also clarifies that changes in a parent's ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. The Statement also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its noncontrolling interest. This Statement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008 with early adoption prohibited. The Bancorp is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this Statement on the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities.” This FSP provides that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method described in paragraphs 60 and 61 of FASB Statement No. 128, "Earnings per Share". This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. All prior-period earnings per share data presented shall be adjusted retrospectively (including interim financial statements, summaries of earnings, and selected financial data) to conform with the provisions of this FSP. Early application is not permitted. The Bancorp's adoption of this Staff Position on January 1, 2009 is not expected to have a material impact on Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2008, the Emerging Issues Task Force issued EITF Issue No. 07-5, "Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity's Own Stock." This Issue provides guidance an entity should use to evaluate whether an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to its own stock. This Issue is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within that period. Early adoption is not permitted. The Bancorp is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this Issue on the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In November 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 109, “Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value through Earnings.” This SAB supersedes SAB No. 105, “Application of Accounting Principles to Loan Commitments”, and expresses the current view of the staff that, consistent with guidance in SFAS No. 156 and No. 159, the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of a loan should be included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. Additionally, this SAB expands the SAB No. 105 view that internally-developed intangible assets should not be recorded as part of the fair value for any written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. This SAB was effective for fiscal quarters beginning after December 15, 2007. The adoption of SAB 109 on January 1, 2008 did not have a material impact on the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

3. Business Combinations

On June 6, 2008, the Bancorp acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of First Charter, a full service financial institution headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. First Charter operated 57 branches in North Carolina and two in suburban Atlanta, Georgia. The acquisition of First Charter expanded the Bancorp's footprint into the Charlotte, North Carolina market and strengthened the Bancorp's presence in Georgia.

Under the terms of the transaction, the Bancorp paid $31.00 per First Charter share, or approximately $1.1 billion. Consideration was paid in the form of approximately 70% Fifth Third common stock and 30% cash. First Charter common stock shareholders who received shares of Fifth Third common stock in the merger received 1.7412 shares of Fifth Third common stock for each share of First Charter common stock, resulting in the issuance of 42.9 million shares of Fifth Third common stock. The common stock issued to effect the transaction was valued at $17.80 per share, the average closing price of the Bancorp’s common stock on the five previous trading days prior to closing.

The assets and liabilities of First Charter were recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at their respective fair values as of the closing date. The fair values are preliminary and are subject to refinement as information becomes available. The results of First Charter's operations were included in the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of acquisition. In addition, the Bancorp realized charges against its earnings for acquisition-related expenses of approximately $13 million and $16 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. The acquisition related expenses consisted primarily of consulting, marketing, travel and relocation costs associated with the conversion.

The transaction resulted in total intangible assets of $1.2 billion based upon the purchase price, the fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities and applicable purchase accounting adjustments. Of this total intangibles amount, $56 million was allocated to core deposit intangibles, $9 million was allocated to customer lists and $2 million was allocated to lease intangibles. The remaining $1.1 billion of intangible assets was recorded as goodwill.

 

4. Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible assets consist of servicing rights, core deposit intangibles, customer lists, non-compete agreements and cardholder relationships. Intangible assets, excluding servicing rights, are amortized on either a straight-line or an accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives and have an estimated weighted-average life at June 30, 2008 of 3.4 years. The Bancorp reviews intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The details of the Bancorp’s intangible assets are shown in the following table. For further information on servicing rights, see Note 5.

 

($ in millions)

   Gross Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
    Valuation
Allowance
    Net Carrying
Amount

As of June 30, 2008:

         

Mortgage servicing rights

   $ 1,542    (820 )   (25 )   697

Other consumer and commercial servicing rights

     14    (10 )   —       4

Core deposit intangibles

     486    (320 )   —       166

Other

     66    (29 )   —       37
                       

Total intangible assets

   $ 2,108    (1,179 )   (25 )   904
                       

As of December 31, 2007:

         

Mortgage servicing rights

   $ 1,417    (755 )   (49 )   613

Other consumer and commercial servicing rights

     24    (19 )   —       5

Core deposit intangibles

     430    (302 )   —       128

Other

     44    (25 )   —       19
                       

Total intangible assets

   $ 1,915    (1,101 )   (49 )   765
                       

As of June 30, 2007:

         

Mortgage servicing rights

   $ 1,321    (707 )   (12 )   602

Other consumer and commercial servicing rights

     24    (19 )   —       5

Core deposit intangibles

     410    (286 )   —       124

Other

     45    (22 )   —       23
                       

Total intangible assets

   $ 1,800    (1,034 )   (12 )   754
                       

As of June 30, 2008, all of the Bancorp’s intangible assets were being amortized. Amortization expense recognized on intangible assets, including servicing rights, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $44 million and $34 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, amortization expense was $88 million and $66 million, respectively.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Estimated amortization expense, including servicing rights, for the years ending December 31, 2008 through 2012 is as follows:

 

2008 (a)

   $ 147

2009

     132

2010

     113

2011

     86

2012

     72

 

(a) Includes six months actual and six months estimated.

Changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill by reporting segment for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 

($ in millions)

   Commercial
Banking
   Branch
Banking
    Consumer
Lending
   Processing
Solutions
   Investment
Advisors
   Total  

Balance as of December 31, 2007

   $ 995    950     182    205    138    2,470  

Acquisition activity

     386    704     33    —      10    1,133  
                                  

Balance as of June 30, 2008

   $ 1,381    1,654     215    205    148    3,603  
                                  

Balance as of December 31, 2006

   $ 871    797     182    205    138    2,193  

Acquisition activity

     —      (1 )   —      —      —      (1 )
                                  

Balance as of June 30, 2007

   $ 871    796     182    205    138    2,192  
                                  

The Bancorp completed its annual goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2007 and determined that no impairment existed. Additionally, as a result of declines in the Bancorp’s stock price and market capitalization, the Bancorp completed an interim goodwill impairment test as of June 30, 2008 and determined that no impairment exists. Acquisition activity includes acquisitions in the respective period in addition to purchase accounting adjustments related to previous acquisitions. During 2008, purchase accounting adjustments were made relating to the initial goodwill recorded from prior acquisitions. During the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp acquired First Charter which resulted in the recognition of $1.1 billion of goodwill and $56 million of core deposit intangibles.

 

5. Sales of Receivables and Servicing Rights

The Bancorp sold fixed and adjustable rate residential mortgage loans during the first and second quarters of 2008 and 2007. In those sales, the Bancorp obtained servicing responsibilities. The Bancorp receives annual servicing fees based on a percentage of the outstanding balance. The investors have no recourse to the Bancorp’s other assets for failure of debtors to pay when due. The Bancorp identifies classes of servicing assets based on financial asset type and interest rates. For the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp recognized pre-tax gains of $79 million and $25 million, respectively, on origination fees and the sales of residential mortgage loans. Additionally, the Bancorp recognized $42 million and $36 million, respectively, in servicing fees on residential mortgages for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp recognized pre-tax gains of $171 million and $51 million, respectively, on the sales of residential mortgage loans. Additionally, the Bancorp recognized $83 million and $69 million in servicing fees on residential mortgages for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The gains on sales of residential mortgages and servicing fees related to residential mortgages are included in mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Initial carrying values of servicing rights recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $124 million and $111 million, respectively.

During the first quarter of 2008, the Bancorp securitized and sold $2.7 billion of automobile loans in three separate transactions. Each transaction isolated the related loans through the use of a securitization trust or a conduit, formed as QSPEs, to facilitate the securitization process in accordance with SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.” The Bancorp recognized pre-tax gains of $15 million on the sale of automobile loans offset by $26 million in losses on related hedges. In each of those sales, the Bancorp obtained servicing responsibility, but no servicing asset or liability was recorded as the market based servicing fee was considered adequate compensation. The initial carrying amounts of the interests that continue to be held by the Bancorp were estimated at the date of the sales using discounted projected cash flows. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp held subordinated tranche security interests totaling $65 million and residual interests totaling $173 million.

During the first and second quarters of 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp sold student loans and certain commercial loans and obtained servicing responsibilities. In addition, the Bancorp transferred certain commercial loans to an unconsolidated QSPE that is wholly owned by an independent third party. See Note 8 for further information. At June 30, 2008 and 2007, the value of the servicing asset and subordinated interests related to these sales were immaterial to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the key economic assumptions used in measuring the initial carrying values of the interests that continue to be held by the Bancorp were as follows:

 

          June 30, 2008     June 30, 2007
   Rate    Weighted-
Average
Life
(in years)
   Prepayment
Speed

(annual)
    Discount
Rate

(annual)
    Weighted-
Average
Default
Rate
    Weighted-
Average
Life
(in years)
   Prepayment
Speed
(annual)
    Discount
Rate
(annual)
    Weighted-
Average
Default
Rate

Residential mortgage loans:

                     

Servicing assets

   Fixed    7.0    10.6 %   9.1 %   N/A     6.9    9.5 %   9.4 %   N/A

Servicing assets

   Adjustable    4.2    21.9     11.5     N/A     3.2    28.0     12.6     N/A

Automobile loans:

                     

Residual interest

   Fixed    2.2    24.1 %   8.1 %   1.5 %   N/A    N/A     N/A     N/A

Based on historical credit experience, expected credit losses for residential mortgage loan servicing assets have been deemed immaterial. At June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp serviced $38.7 billion and $31.5 billion, respectively, of residential mortgage loans for other investors.

The value of interests that continue to be held by the Bancorp is subject to credit, prepayment and interest rate risks on the sold financial assets. At June 30, 2008, the sensitivity of a decline in the current fair value of residual cash flows to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions are as follows:

 

($ in millions)

   Rate    Fair
Value
   Weighted
Average
Life
(in years)
   Prepayment Speed
Assumption
   Residual Servicing Cash Flows    Weighted-Average
Default
            Rate     Impact of Adverse
Change on Fair
Value
   Discount
Rate
    Impact of Adverse
Change on Fair

Value
   Rate     Impact of Adverse
Change on Fair
Value
              10%    20%      10%    20%      10%    20%

Residential mortgage loans:

                                

Servicing assets

   Fixed    $ 678    6.7    10.2 %   $ 27    52    9.6 %   $ 26    50    —   %   $ —      —  

Servicing assets

   Adjustable      43    2.9    29.0       3    5    12.4       1    2    —         —      —  

Automobile loans:

                                

Residual interest

   Fixed    $ 166    2.2    24.1 %   $ 4    8    8.1 %   $ 3    5    1.5 %   $ 3    6

These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution as changes in fair value based on a 10% variation in assumptions typically cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in the previous table, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the interests that continue to be held by the transferor is calculated without changing any other assumption; in reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another. For example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower prepayments and increased credit losses, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities.

Changes in the servicing asset related to residential mortgage loans for the six months ended June 30 were:

 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007  

Carrying amount as of the beginning of period

   $ 662     546  

Servicing obligations that result from transfer of residential mortgage loans

     124     111  

Amortization

     (64 )   (43 )
              

Carrying amount before valuation allowance

   $ 722     614  
              

Valuation allowance for servicing assets:

    

Beginning balance

   $ (49 )   (27 )

Servicing valuation recovery

     24     15  
              

Ending balance

     (25 )   (12 )
              

Carrying amount as of the end of the period

   $ 697     602  

Temporary impairment or impairment recovery, effected through a change in the MSR valuation allowance, is captured as a component of mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

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The fair value of the servicing asset is based on the present value of expected future cash flows. The following table displays the beginning and ending fair value for the six months ended June 30:

 

($ in millions)

   2008    2007

Fixed rate residential mortgage loans:

     

Fair value at beginning of period (December 31, 2007 and 2006)

   $ 565    483

Fair value at end of period

     678    584

Adjustable rate residential mortgage loans:

     

Fair value at beginning of period (December 31, 2007 and 2006)

     50    45

Fair value at end of period

     43    48

The Bancorp maintains a non-qualifying hedging strategy to manage a portion of the risk associated with changes in value of the MSR portfolio. This strategy includes the purchase of free-standing derivatives (principal-only swaps, swaptions and interest rate swaps) and various available-for-sale securities (primarily principal-only strips). The interest income, mark-to-market adjustments and gain or loss from sale activities associated with these portfolios are expected to economically hedge a portion of the change in value of the MSR portfolio caused by fluctuating discount rates, earnings rates and prepayment speeds. The Bancorp recognized a net loss of $31 million and $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, related to changes in fair value and settlement of free-standing derivatives purchased to economically hedge the MSR portfolio. See Note 7 for information on the types and amount of free-standing derivatives used to economically hedge the MSR portfolio. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the available-for-sale securities portfolio included $840 million and $315 million, respectively, of securities related to the non-qualifying hedging strategy.

6. Loans Acquired in a Transfer

In 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp acquired certain loans, primarily related to the Crown and First Charter acquisitions, for which there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. These loans were evaluated either individually or segregated into pools based on common risk characteristics and accounted for under Statement of Position 03-3, “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer” (“SOP 03-3”). SOP 03-3 requires acquired loans within its scope to be recorded at fair value and prohibits carrying over valuation allowances when applying purchase accounting. Loans carried at fair value, mortgage loans held for sale and loans under revolving credit agreements are excluded from the scope of SOP 03-3. Prepayment assumptions were applied to contractually required payments at acquisition of each loan. During the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp recorded $5 million in the allowance for loan and lease losses on loans accounted for under SOP 03-3.

As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the outstanding balance of all contractually required payments and carrying amount of those loans accounted for under SOP 03-3 were as follows:

 

($ in millions)

   2008    2007

Commercial

   $ 151    —  

Consumer

     119    —  
           

Outstanding balance

   $ 270    —  
           

Carrying amount

   $ 123    —  

At the acquisition date, the Bancorp determines the excess of the loan’s contractually required payments over all cash flows expected to be collected as an amount that should not be accreted into interest income (nonaccretable difference). The remaining amount representing the difference in the expected cash flows of acquired loans and the basis in acquired loans is accreted into interest income over the remaining life of the loan or pool of loans. A summary of activity is provided below.

 

($ in millions)

   Accretable Yield  

Balance as of December 31, 2007

   $ 6  

Additions

     5  

Accretion

     (5 )

Reclassifications from (to) nonaccretable yield

     6  
        

Balance as of June 30, 2008

   $ 12  

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Loans acquired during 2008 and 2007, for which it was probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments would not be collected, are summarized as follows:

 

($ in millions)

   2008    2007

Contractually required payments receivable at acquisition:

     

Commercial

   $ 63    99

Consumer

     34    136
           

Total

   $ 97    235
           

Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition

   $ 44    113

Fair value of acquired loans at acquisition

     39    105

7. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Bancorp maintains an overall risk management strategy that incorporates the use of derivative instruments to reduce certain risks related to interest rate, prepayment and foreign currency volatility. Additionally, the Bancorp holds derivative instruments for the benefit of its commercial customers. The Bancorp does not enter into derivative instruments for speculative purposes.

The Bancorp’s interest rate risk management strategy involves modifying the repricing characteristics of certain financial instruments so that changes in interest rates do not adversely affect the net interest margin and cash flows. Derivative instruments that the Bancorp may use as part of its interest rate risk management strategy include interest rate swaps, interest rate floors, interest rate caps, forward contracts, options and swaptions. Interest rate swap contracts are exchanges of interest payments, such as fixed-rate payments for floating-rate payments, based on a common notional amount and maturity date. Interest rate floors protect against declining rates, while interest rate caps protect against rising interest rates. Forward contracts are contracts in which the buyer agrees to purchase, and the seller agrees to make delivery of, a specific financial instrument at a predetermined price or yield. Options provide the purchaser with the right, but not the obligation, to purchase or sell a contracted item during a specified period at an agreed upon price. Swaptions are financial instruments granting the owner the right, but not the obligation, to enter into or cancel a swap.

Prepayment volatility arises mostly from changes in fair value of the largely fixed-rate MSR portfolio, mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities. The Bancorp may enter into various free-standing derivatives (principal-only swaps, swaptions, floors, options and interest rate swaps) to economically hedge prepayment volatility. Principal-only swaps are total return swaps based on changes in the value of the underlying mortgage principal-only trust.

Foreign currency volatility occurs as the Bancorp enters into certain foreign denominated loans. Derivative instruments that the Bancorp may use to economically hedge these foreign denominated loans include foreign exchange swaps and forward contracts.

The Bancorp also enters into derivative contracts (including foreign exchange contracts, commodity contracts and interest rate swaps, floors and caps) for the benefit of commercial customers. The Bancorp may economically hedge significant exposures related to these free-standing derivatives by entering into offsetting third-party contracts with approved, reputable counterparties with substantially matching terms and currencies. Credit risk arises from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts. The Bancorp’s exposure is limited to the replacement value of the contracts rather than the notional, principal or contract amounts. The Bancorp minimizes the credit risk through credit approvals, limits, counterparty collateral and monitoring procedures.

The Bancorp holds certain derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting treatment under SFAS No. 133 and are designated as fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. Derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under SFAS No. 133, or for which hedge accounting is not established, are held as free-standing derivatives and provide the Bancorp an economic hedge. All customer accommodation derivatives are held as free-standing derivatives.

Fair Value Hedges

The Bancorp may enter into interest rate swaps to convert its fixed-rate, long-term debt to floating-rate debt. Decisions to convert fixed-rate debt to floating are made primarily through consideration of the asset/liability mix of the Bancorp, the desired asset/liability sensitivity and interest rate levels. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, certain interest rate swaps met the criteria required to qualify for the shortcut method of accounting. Based on this shortcut method of accounting treatment, no ineffectiveness is assumed. For interest rate swaps that do not meet the shortcut requirements, an assessment of hedge effectiveness was performed and such swaps were accounted for using the “long-haul” method. The long-haul method requires a quarterly assessment of hedge effectiveness and measurement of ineffectiveness. For interest rate swaps accounted for as a fair value hedge using the long-haul method, ineffectiveness is the difference between the changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in fair value of the long-term debt attributable to the risk being hedged. The ineffectiveness on interest rate swaps

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

hedging long-term debt is reported within interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the difference in the gain or loss on interest rate swaps and the offsetting gain or loss on long-term debt was insignificant to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table reflects the change in fair value for interest rate contracts and the related hedged items included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Interest rate contracts:

        

Change in fair value on interest rate swaps

   $ (214 )   (65 )   $ (8 )   (55 )

Change in fair value on long-term debt

     216     64       10     53  

The Bancorp previously entered into forward contracts that met the criteria for fair value hedge accounting to hedge its residential mortgage loans held for sale. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008 and the Bancorp’s election to carry residential mortgage loans held for sale at fair value, all new forward contracts held to hedge its residential mortgage loans held for sale were held as free-standing derivative instruments. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, the ineffectiveness of the hedging relationships related to residential mortgage loans held for sale was insignificant to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table reflects the market value of all fair value hedges included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value

Interest rate contracts included in other assets:

                 

Interest rate swaps related to debt

   $ 3,705    $ 78    3,000    67    —      —  

Forward contracts related to mortgage loans held for sale

     —        —      183    1    989    13
                                 

Total included in other assets

      $ 78       68       13
                                 

Interest rate contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Interest rate swaps related to debt

   $ 1,725    $ 39    775    21    2,575    151

Forward contracts related to mortgage loans held for sale

     —        —      511    4    807    2
                                 

Total included in other liabilities

      $ 39       25       153
                                 

During 2006, the Bancorp terminated interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges and, in accordance with SFAS No. 133, an amount equal to the cumulative fair value adjustment to the hedged items at the date of termination will be amortized as an adjustment to interest expense over the remaining term of the long-term debt. For the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, $2 million and $3 million in net deferred losses, net of tax, on the terminated fair value hedges were amortized into interest expense, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, $5 million and $6 million, respectively, in net deferred losses, net of tax, on the terminated fair value hedges were amortized into interest expense.

Cash Flow Hedges

The Bancorp may enter into interest rate swaps to convert floating-rate assets and liabilities to fixed rates or to hedge certain forecasted transactions. The assets or liabilities are typically grouped and share the same risk exposure for which they are being hedged. The Bancorp may also enter into interest rate caps and floors to limit cash flow variability of floating rate assets and liabilities. As of June 30, 2008, all hedges designated as cash flow hedges are assessed for effectiveness using regression analysis. Ineffectiveness is generally measured as the amount by which the cumulative change in the fair value of the hedging instrument exceeds the present value of the cumulative change in the hedged item’s expected cash flows. Ineffectiveness is reported within other noninterest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The effective portion of the gains or losses on derivative contracts are reported within accumulated other comprehensive income and are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to current period earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings. During the first quarter of 2008, the Bancorp completed the sale of automobile loans and recognized $26 million in cash flow hedge losses in other noninterest income, which were partially offset by gains of $15 million on the sale of automobile loans. Reclassified gains and losses on interest rate floors related to commercial loans and interest rate caps related to debt are recorded within interest income and interest expense, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, $34 million of deferred gains on cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

The following table presents the net gains (losses) recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income relating to cash flow derivative instruments;

 

     Amount of gain (loss)
recognized in OCI
    Amount of gain (loss)
reclassified from OCI
into net interest income
    Amount of
ineffectiveness
recognized in other
noninterest income

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007     2008     2007

For the three months ended June 30:

            

Interest rate contracts

   $ (42 )   (11 )   5     —       (1 )   —  
                                    

For the six months ended June 30:

            

Interest rate contracts

     8     (11 )   (6 )   (1 )   —       —  

As of June 30, 2008, $5 million in net deferred gains, net of tax, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months.

The following table reflects the notional amount and market value of all cash flow hedges included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value

Interest rate contracts included in other assets:

                 

Interest rate floors related to commercial loans

   $ 1,500    $ 104    1,500    107    1,500    32

Interest rate caps related to debt

     1,750      14    1,750    11    1,750    26
                                 

Total included in other assets

      $ 118       118       58
                                 

Interest rate contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Interest rate swaps related to consumer loans

   $ —      $ —      1,000    11    —      —  
                                 

Total included in other liabilities

      $ —         11       —  
                                 

Free-Standing Derivative Instruments – Risk Management

The Bancorp enters into foreign exchange derivative contracts to economically hedge certain foreign denominated loans. Derivative instruments that the Bancorp may use to economically hedge these foreign denominated loans include foreign exchange swaps and forward contracts. The Bancorp does not designate these instruments against the foreign denominated loans, and therefore, does not obtain hedge accounting treatment. Revaluation gains and losses on such foreign currency derivative contracts are recorded within other noninterest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, as are revaluation gains and losses on foreign denominated loans.

As part of its overall risk management strategy relative to its mortgage banking activity, the Bancorp may enter into various free-standing derivatives (principal-only swaps, swaptions, floors, options and interest rate swaps) to economically hedge changes in fair value of its largely fixed-rate MSR portfolio. Principal-only swaps hedge the mortgage-LIBOR spread because these swaps appreciate in value as a result of tightening spreads. Principal-only swaps also provide prepayment protection by increasing in value when prepayment speeds increase, as opposed to MSRs that lose value in a faster prepayment environment. Receive fixed/pay floating interest rate swaps and swaptions increase in value when interest rates do not increase as quickly as expected. The Bancorp enters into forward contracts to economically hedge the change in fair value of certain residential mortgage loans held for sale due to changes in interest rates. The Bancorp may also enter into forward swaps to economically hedge the change in fair value of certain commercial mortgage loans held for sale due to changes in interest rates. Interest rate lock commitments issued on residential mortgage loan commitments that will be held for resale are also considered free-standing derivative instruments and the interest rate exposure on these commitments is economically hedged primarily with forward contracts. Revaluation gains and losses from free-standing derivatives related to mortgage banking activity are recorded as a component of mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Additionally, the Bancorp occasionally may enter into free-standing derivative instruments (options, swaptions and interest rate swaps) in order to minimize significant fluctuations in earnings and cash flows caused by interest rate volatility. The gains and losses on these derivative contracts are recorded within other noninterest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

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The net gains (losses) recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income relating to free-standing derivative instruments used for risk management are summarized below:

 

          For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

  

Income Statement Caption

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Interest rate contracts:

           

Forward contracts related to commercial

mortgage loans held for sale

  

Corporate banking revenue

   $ —       —       $ (8 )   —    

Forward contracts related residential mortgage loans held for sale

  

Mortgage banking net revenue

     7     12       11     9  

Derivative instruments related to MSR portfolio

  

Mortgage banking net revenue

     (84 )   (9 )     (31 )   (11 )

Derivative instruments related to interest rate risk

  

Other noninterest income

     (1 )   —         (1 )   (1 )

Foreign exchange contracts:

           

Foreign exchange contracts

  

Other noninterest income

     (1 )   (9 )     3     (10 )

The following table reflects the notional amount and market value of free-standing derivatives used for risk management included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value

Interest rate contracts included in other assets:

                 

Derivative instruments related to MSR portfolio

   $ 4,947    76    $ 3,062    70    $ 3,325    20

Derivative instruments related to held for sale mortgages

     638    6      229    1      151    2

Derivative instruments related to interest rate risk

     528    6      1    —        6    —  

Foreign exchange contracts included in other assets:

                 

Foreign exchange contracts

     179    4      —      —        —      —  
                                   

Total included in other assets

      92       71       22
                                   

Interest rate contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Derivative instruments related to MSR portfolio

   $ 1,038    10    $ 1,280    16    $ 1,972    14

Derivative instruments related to held for sale mortgages

     335    2      588    9      204    1

Derivative instruments related to interest rate risk

     549    8      —      —        19    —  

Foreign exchange contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Foreign exchange contracts

     10    —        153    1      —      —  
                                   

Total included in other liabilities

      20       26       15
                                   

Free-Standing Derivative Instruments – Customer Accommodation

The majority of the free-standing derivative instruments the Bancorp enters into are for the benefit of commercial customers. These derivative contracts are not designated against specific assets or liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets or to forecasted transactions and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting. These instruments include foreign exchange derivative contracts entered into for the benefit of commercial customers involved in international trade to hedge their exposure to foreign currency fluctuations, commodity contracts to hedge such items as natural gas and various other derivative contracts. The Bancorp may economically hedge significant exposures related to these derivative contracts entered into for the benefit of customers by entering into offsetting contracts with approved, reputable, independent counterparties with substantially matching terms. The Bancorp hedges its interest rate exposure on commercial customer transactions by executing offsetting swap agreements with primary dealers. Revaluation gains and losses on foreign exchange, commodity and other commercial customer derivative contracts are recorded as a component of corporate banking revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Bancorp primarily offered its customers an equity-linked certificate of deposit that has a return linked to equity indices. Under SFAS No. 133, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes on an equity index is a hybrid instrument that requires separation into a host contract (the certificate of deposit) and an embedded derivative contract (written equity call option). The Bancorp entered into an offsetting derivative contract to economically hedge the exposure taken through the issuance of equity-linked certificates of deposit. Both the embedded derivative and derivative contract entered into by the Bancorp were recorded as free-standing derivatives and recorded at fair value with offsetting gains and losses recognized within noninterest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

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The net gains (losses) recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income relating to free-standing derivative instruments used for customer accommodation are summarized below:

 

          For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,

($ in millions)

  

Income Statement Caption

   2008     2007     2008    2007

Interest rate contracts:

            

Interest rate lock commitments

  

Mortgage banking net revenue

   $ (4 )   (4 )   $ 2    —  

Commodity contracts:

            

Commodity contracts for customers

  

Corporate banking revenue

     1     —         1    1

Foreign exchange contracts:

            

Foreign exchange contracts for customers

  

Corporate banking revenue

     26     14       50    27

The following table reflects the notional amount and market value of free-standing derivatives used for customer accommodation included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

 

     June 30, 2008    December 31, 2007    June 30, 2007

($ in millions)

   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Notional
Amount
   Fair
Value

Interest rate contracts included in other assets:

                 

Interest rate contracts for customers

   $ 14,477    $ 422    12,265    391    9,902    110

Interest rate lock commitments

     582      5    656    3    537    2

Commodity contracts included in other assets:

                 

Commodity contracts for customers

     222      39    167    28    101    8

Foreign exchange contracts included in other assets:

                 

Foreign exchange contracts for customers

     7,913      233    7,132    255    5,214    200

Equity contracts included in other assets:

                 

Derivative instruments related to equity-linked CD

     57      3    50    5    27    3
                                 

Total included in other assets

      $ 702       682       323
                                 

Interest rate contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Interest rate contracts for customers

   $ 15,255    $ 423    12,430    391    9,971    110

Interest rate lock commitments

     217      2    253    1    578    3

Commodity contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Commodity contracts for customers

     222      39    163    22    78    8

Foreign exchange contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Foreign exchange contracts for customers

     6,504      202    6,642    234    4,838    181

Equity contracts included in other liabilities:

                 

Derivative instruments related to equity-linked CD

     57      3    50    5    26    3
                                 

Total included in other liabilities

      $ 669       653       305
                                 

8. Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and Guarantees

The Bancorp, in the normal course of business, enters into financial instruments and various agreements to meet the financing needs of its customers. The Bancorp also enters in certain transactions and agreements to manage its interest rate and prepayment risks, provide funding, equipment and locations for its operations and invest in its communities. These instruments and agreements involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk, counterparty risk and market risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Creditworthiness for all instruments and agreements is evaluated on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the Bancorp’s credit policies. The Bancorp’s significant commitments, contingent liabilities and guarantees in excess of the amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized as follows:

Commitments

The Bancorp has certain commitments to make future payments under contracts. A summary of significant commitments at June 30:

 

($ in millions)

   2008    2007

Commitments to extend credit

   $ 51,396    45,624

Letters of credit (including standby letters of credit)

     9,042    8,158

Forward contracts to sell mortgage loans

     973    2,085

Noncancelable lease obligations

     845    784

Purchase obligations

     91    48

Capital expenditures

     85    92

 

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Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend, typically having fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses that may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements. The Bancorp is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance for the amount of the contract. Fixed-rate commitments are also subject to market risk resulting from fluctuations in interest rates and the Bancorp’s exposure is limited to the replacement value of those commitments. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp had a reserve for probable credit losses on unfunded commitments totaling $115 million and $77 million, respectively, included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Standby and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. At June 30, 2008, approximately $3.0 billion of standby letters of credit expire within one year, $5.7 billion expire between one to five years and $0.5 billion expire thereafter. At June 30, 2008, letters of credit of approximately $86 million were issued to commercial customers for a duration of one year or less to facilitate trade payments in domestic and foreign currency transactions. At June 30, 2008, the reserve related to these standby letters of credit was $1 million. Approximately 70% and 69% of the total standby letters of credit were secured as of June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. In the event of nonperformance by the customers, the Bancorp has rights to the underlying collateral, which can include commercial real estate, physical plant and property, inventory, receivables, cash and marketable securities.

The Bancorp’s subsidiaries have entered into a number of noncancelable lease agreements. The minimum rental commitments under noncancelable lease agreements are shown in the previous table. The Bancorp or its subsidiaries have also entered into a limited number of agreements for work related to banking center construction and to purchase goods or services.

Contingent Liabilities

The Bancorp, through its electronic payment processing division, processes Visa and MasterCard merchant card transactions. Pursuant to Visa and MasterCard rules, the Bancorp assumes certain contingent liabilities relating to these transactions which typically arise from billing disputes between the merchant and cardholder that are ultimately resolved in the cardholder’s favor. In such cases, these transactions are “charged back” to the merchant and disputed amounts are refunded to the cardholder. If the Bancorp is unable to collect these amounts from the merchant, it will bear the loss for refunded amounts. The likelihood of incurring a contingent liability arising from chargebacks is relatively low, as most products or services are delivered when purchased and credits are issued on returned items. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp processed approximately $71 million and $67 million, respectively, of chargebacks presented by issuing banks, resulting in no material losses to the Bancorp. The Bancorp accrues for probable losses based on historical experience and did not carry a credit loss reserve related to such chargebacks at June 30, 2008 and 2007.

There are legal claims pending against the Bancorp and its subsidiaries that have arisen in the normal course of business. See Note 9 for additional information regarding these proceedings.

Guarantees

The Bancorp has performance obligations upon the occurrence of certain events under financial guarantees provided in certain contractual arrangements.

Through June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp had transferred, subject to credit recourse, certain primarily floating-rate, short-term investment grade commercial loans to an unconsolidated QSPE that is wholly owned by an independent third-party. The outstanding balance of such loans at June 30, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $2.9 billion and $3.3 billion, respectively. These loans may be transferred back to the Bancorp upon the occurrence of certain specified events. These events include borrower default on the loans transferred, bankruptcy preferences initiated against underlying borrowers and ineligible loans transferred by the Bancorp to the QSPE. The maximum amount of credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the underlying borrowers is approximately equivalent to the total outstanding balance. In addition, the Bancorp’s agreement to provide liquidity support to the QSPE was $3.5 billion and $4.0 billion as of June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, respectively. At June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp’s loss reserve related to the liquidity support and credit enhancement provided to the QSPE was $20 million and $13 million, respectively, recorded in other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

During the third quarter of 2007, the Bancorp began purchasing asset-backed commercial paper from the QSPE due to widening credit spreads in the commercial paper market. As of June 30, 2008, the amount of commercial paper held by the Bancorp was $614 million, representing 20% of the total commercial paper issued by the QSPE.

At June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp had provided credit recourse on residential mortgage loans sold to unrelated third parties of approximately $1.4 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. In the event of any customer default, pursuant to the credit recourse provided, the Bancorp is required to reimburse the third party. The maximum amount of credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the underlying borrowers is equivalent to the total outstanding balance. In the event of nonperformance, the Bancorp has rights to the underlying collateral value securing the loan. The Bancorp maintained an estimated credit loss reserve of approximately $14 million and $19 million relating to these residential mortgage loans sold at June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, recorded in other

 

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liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. To determine the credit loss reserve, the Bancorp used an approach that is consistent with its overall approach in estimating credit losses for various categories of residential mortgage loans held in its loan portfolio.

Fifth Third Securities, Inc (“FTS”), a subsidiary of the Bancorp, guarantees the collection of all margin account balances held by its brokerage clearing agent for the benefit of FTS customers. FTS is responsible for payment to its brokerage clearing agent for any loss, liability, damage, cost or expense incurred as a result of customers failing to comply with margin or margin maintenance calls on all margin accounts. The margin account balance held by the brokerage clearing agent as of June 30, 2008 was $24 million compared to $51 million as of June 30, 2007. In the event of any customer default, FTS has rights to the underlying collateral provided. Given the existence of the underlying collateral provided and negligible historical credit losses, the Bancorp does not maintain a loss reserve related to the margin accounts.

As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bancorp had fully and unconditionally guaranteed certain long-term borrowing obligations issued by wholly-owned issuing trust entities of $2.8 billion and $817 million, respectively. Refer to Note 10 for more information regarding long-term debt issued by the Bancorp.

The Bancorp, as a member bank of Visa, Inc. (“Visa”) prior to Visa’s completion of their initial public offering (“IPO”) on March 19, 2008, had certain indemnification obligations pursuant to Visa’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws and in accordance with their membership agreements. In accordance with Visa’s by-laws prior to the IPO, the Bancorp could have been required to indemnify Visa for the Bancorp’s proportional share of losses based on the pre-IPO membership interests. In contemplation of the IPO, Visa announced that it had completed restructuring transactions during the fourth quarter of 2007. As part of this restructuring, the Bancorp’s indemnification obligation was modified to include only certain known litigation as of the date of the restructuring. This modification triggered a requirement to recognize the fair value of the indemnification obligation in accordance with FIN 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others.” Accordingly, the Bancorp recorded an indemnification liability under FIN 45 of $3 million. Additionally, during 2007, the Bancorp recorded $169 million for its share of litigation formally settled by Visa and for probable future litigation settlements. These amounts were accrued under SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.” In connection with the IPO, Visa retained a portion of the proceeds to fund an escrow account in order to resolve existing litigation settlements as well as fund potential future litigation settlements. As of June 30, 2008, the Bancorp has recorded its proportional share of $124 million of the Visa escrow account net against the current Visa litigation reserve of $144 million.

9. Legal and Regulatory Proceedings

As previously disclosed, during May 2005, the Bancorp filed suit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio against the IRS seeking a refund of taxes paid as a result of the audit of the 1997 tax year. This suit involves a determination of the correct tax treatment of certain leveraged leases entered into by the Bancorp. The outcome of this litigation will likely impact a number of leveraged leases entered into during 1997 through 2004. After a jury trial, the jury rendered a verdict in the form of answers to interrogatories, some of which favored Fifth Third and some of which favored the IRS. No judgment has been entered by the court in the case and the parties dispute the judgment that should be entered in light of the jury’s responses to the interrogatories. Both the IRS and the Bancorp will be filing briefs, after which the court will enter a judgment. The nature and timing of the court’s decision is uncertain. During the second quarter of 2008, decisions in two other cases involving the tax treatment of leveraged leases were issued where the courts ruled in favor of the IRS. To date, the decisions issued have been dependent on the specific facts in each case. The Bancorp continues to believe that the facts and circumstances related to its leveraged leases are different from these other cases, that its tax treatment was proper under the tax law as it existed at the time the tax benefits were reported, and that the facts in its case support its position. The Bancorp is required under applicable accounting standards to assess the likeliness of a favorable outcome of this litigation. In light of recent decisions and uncertainty related to its own case, the Bancorp has concluded that previously recognized benefits from the transactions at issue in the litigation and certain other leveraged leases described above must be remeasured as required by FIN 48 and has recorded an increase to tax expense of approximately $140 million, or $0.26 per share, both pre-tax and after-tax, required for interest related to previous tax years pursuant to FIN 48 and a charge of approximately $130 million pre-tax, or $0.16 per share after-tax, to reflect a projected change in the timing of tax benefits pursuant to FSP No. FAS 13-2. The Bancorp believes these charges address the downside risk it has related to leveraged leases should there be a negative outcome in its case. The Bancorp intends to continue pursuing a favorable disposition of this matter.

During April 2006, the Bancorp was added as a defendant in a consolidated antitrust class action lawsuit originally filed against Visa®, MasterCard® and several other major financial institutions in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. The plaintiffs, merchants operating commercial businesses throughout the U.S. and trade associations, claim that the interchange fees charged by card-issuing banks are unreasonable and seek injunctive relief and unspecified damages. In addition to being a named defendant, the Bancorp is also subject to an indemnification obligation of Visa as discussed in Note 8. Accordingly, in the third and fourth quarters of 2007, the Bancorp recorded a contingent liability included in the $172 million litigation reserve. In connection with Visa’s IPO, the Bancorp reversed $152 million of these reserves in the first quarter of 2008.

 

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Several putative class action complaints have been filed against the Bancorp in various federal and state courts. The federal cases were consolidated by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation and are now known as “In Re TJX Security Breach Litigation.” The state court actions have been removed to federal court and have been consolidated into that same case. The complaints relate to the alleged intrusion of The TJX Companies, Inc.’s (“TJX”) computer system and the potential theft of their customers’ non-public information and alleged violations of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. Some of the complaints were filed by consumers and seek unquantified damages on behalf of putative classes of persons who transacted business at any one of TJX’s stores during the period of the alleged intrusion. Another was filed by financial institutions and seeks unquantified damages on behalf of other similarly situated entities that suffered losses in relation to the alleged intrusion. The U.S. District Court (“Court”) has granted the Bancorp’s motion to dismiss certain of the claims, but additional claims remain pending. On November 29, 2007, the U.S. District Court, District of Massachusetts ("District Court") issued an order denying Plaintiffs’ Motion for Class Certification in the consolidated cases brought by financial institutions (the “Financial Institution Track”). On December 18, 2007, the District Court entered its final order in the Financial Institution Track litigation that i) denied Plaintiffs’ Motion for Leave to Amend their Complaint, without prejudice; ii) dismissed the case for lack of subject matter jurisdiction; and iii) transferred the case from the United States District Court to the Massachusetts Superior Court in and for the County of Middlesex ("Massachusetts State Court"). On December 18, 2007, TJX Companies, Inc. filed a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit ("First Circuit") as to that portion of the Court's December 18 order transferring the case to Massachusetts State Court and an emergency motion to stay the Massachusetts State Court proceedings pending the appeal. On December 19, 2007, the First Circuit granted the request for stay until further order of the Court. On December 20, 2007, the Bancorp likewise filed a Notice of Appeal to the First Circuit solely as to that portion of the District Court’s December 18 Order transferring the case to the Massachusetts State Court. On December 21, 2007, Plaintiffs also filed a Notice of Appeal in the First Circuit as to the entirety of the District Court's December 18 Order and also as to all other prior "adverse rulings" including, without limitation, the District Court’s denial of class certification and dismissal of various claims. Both TJX and the Bancorp amended their Notices of Appeal to likewise appeal all adverse rulings by the District Court. Separately, on January 16, 2008, the two remaining financial institution plaintiff banks who had not reached a settlement with TJX filed a new lawsuit against the Bancorp and TJX in Massachusetts State Court asserting similar allegations to those set forth in the Financial Institution Track litigation. After TJX and the Bancorp removed the case to the District Court, it was remanded to Massachusetts State Court and a motion to stay those proceedings is now pending. In regards to the consumer track litigation, on January 9, 2008, the District Court issued an Order of Preliminary Approval of a proposed class action settlement funded solely by TJX. A Final Fairness Hearing was held July 15, 2008, at which time the Court approved the proposed settlement with certain changes that are subject to objection by the parties.

In June 2007, Ronald A. Katz Technology Licensing, L.P. (“Katz”) filed a suit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio against the Bancorp and its Ohio banking subsidiary. In the suit, Katz alleges that the Bancorp and its Ohio bank are infringing on Katz’s patents for interactive call processing technology by offering certain automated telephone banking and other services. This lawsuit is one of many related patent infringement suits brought by Katz in various courts against numerous other defendants. Katz is seeking unspecified monetary damages and penalties as well as injunctive relief in the suit. Management believes there are substantial defenses to these claims and intends to defend them vigorously. The impact of the final disposition of this lawsuit cannot be assessed at this time.

In February 2008, a shareholder of the Bancorp filed a derivative suit in the Court of Common Pleas for Hamilton County, Ohio, against the members of the Bancorp's Board of Directors and, nominally, the Bancorp, alleging breach of fiduciary duty and waste of corporate assets, among other charges, in relation to the approval of the Bancorp's acquisition of First Charter. The suit sought an injunction to halt proceeding with the acquisition of First Charter, an independent valuation of First Charter as to its worth, unspecified compensatory damages in favor of the Bancorp from the Directors as well as costs and attorneys fees to the plaintiff. In July 2008, this lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice by the court pursuant to a joint motion to dismiss by the Bancorp and the Board of Directors.

In June and July of 2008, two putative class action complaints were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio against the Bancorp and its Chief Executive Officer, among other parties, alleging violations of federal securities laws related to disclosures made by the Bancorp in press releases and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding its quality and sufficiency of capital, credit losses and related matters, and seeking unquantified damages on behalf of putative classes of persons who purchased the Bancorp’s securities, interest, attorney and expert fees and other costs and litigation expenses. Also, in July 2008, a shareholder of the Bancorp filed a putative derivative suit in the Court of Common Pleas for Hamilton County, Ohio, against the members of the Bancorp’s Board of Directors and, nominally, the Bancorp, alleging breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the Bancorp’s alleged violations of federal and state securities laws, among other charges, in relation to its previous statements regarding its quality and sufficiency of capital, credit losses and related matters. The suit seeks unspecified compensatory damages in favor of the Bancorp from the Board of Directors, punitive damages, and interest, as well as costs, disbursements and attorney and other expert fees to the plaintiff. The impact of the final disposition of these lawsuits cannot be assessed at this time.

The Bancorp and its subsidiaries are not parties to any other material litigation. However, there are other litigation matters that arise in the normal course of business. While it is impossible to ascertain the ultimate resolution or range of financial liability with respect to these contingent matters, management believes any resulting liability from these other actions would not have a material effect upon the Bancorp’s consolidated financial position or results of operations or cash flows.

 

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10. Long-term Debt

In March 2008, the Bancorp issued $1.0 billion of subordinated notes to third party investors. The subordinated notes bear a fixed rate of interest of 8.25% per annum. The notes are unsecured, subordinated obligations of the Bancorp. Payment of the full principal amount of the notes will be due upon maturity on March 1, 2038. The notes will not be subject to redemption at the Bancorp's option at any time prior to maturity.

In April 2008, the Bancorp issued $750 million of senior notes to third party investors. The senior notes bear a fixed rate of interest of 6.25% per annum. The notes are unsecured, senior obligations of the Bancorp. Payment of the full principal amount of the notes will be due upon maturity on May 1, 2013. The notes will not be subject to redemption at the Bancorp's option at any time prior to maturity.

In May 2008, Fifth Third Capital Trust VII (“Trust VII”), a wholly-owned non-consolidated subsidiary of the Bancorp, issued $400 million of Tier 1-qualifying trust preferred securities to third party investors and invested these proceeds in junior subordinated notes (“JSN VII”) issued by the Bancorp. The Bancorp’s obligations under the transaction documents, taken together, have the effect of providing a full and unconditional guarantee by the Bancorp, on a subordinated basis, of the payment obligations of the Trust VII. No other subsidiaries of the Bancorp are guarantors of the JSN VII. The JSN VII will mature on May 15, 2068. The JSN VII held by the Trust VII bear a fixed rate of interest of 8.875% until May 15, 2058. After May 15, 2058, the JSN VII bear interest at a variable rate of three-month LIBOR plus 5.00%. The Bancorp has subsequently entered into hedges related to these notes. The JSN VII may be redeemed at the option of the Bancorp on or after May 15, 2013, or in certain other limited circumstances, at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest. All redemptions are subject to certain conditions and generally require approval by the Federal Reserve Board.

11. Income Taxes

The Bancorp accounts for its uncertain tax positions in accordance with FIN 48. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Bancorp had unrecognized tax benefits of $961 million and $469 million, respectively. Those balances included $83 million and $100 million of tax positions that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate and $1 million and $6 million in tax positions that would impact goodwill. The remaining $877 million and $363 million is related to tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of the deductions. A significant portion of these tax positions relate to the leveraged lease litigation discussed in Note 9.

It is reasonably possible that the amount of the unrecognized benefit with respect to certain of the Bancorp’s uncertain tax positions could significantly increase or decrease during the next 12 months. An estimate of the range of the reasonably possible changes to the unrecognized tax benefits cannot be made at this time.

Any interest and penalties incurred in connection with income taxes are accrued as a component of tax expense. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Bancorp had accrued interest liabilities of $210 million and $67 million, net of the related tax benefits. A significant portion of the interest accrued as well as the increase during the year relates to the leveraged lease charge discussed in Note 9. No liabilities were recorded for penalties. In July 2008, the Bancorp made an additional deposit of $600 million with the IRS bringing the total deposit with the IRS to approximately $1 billion to mitigate the risk associated with the disputed leases. These deposits enable the Bancorp to stop the accrual of interest, to the extent of the deposits, if the Bancorp is not ultimately successful.

The Bancorp has filed suit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio in a dispute with the IRS concerning the timing of deductions associated with certain leveraged lease transactions in its 1997 tax return. The IRS has also proposed adjustments for subsequent tax years. The proposed adjustments relate to the Bancorp’s portfolio of leveraged leases, with both domestic and foreign municipalities. The status of the current litigation is further described in Note 9.

The statute of limitations for Federal income tax returns remains open for tax years 2004 through 2007. In addition, limited statute extensions have been agreed to for tax years 1997 through 2003 primarily for leasing uncertainties. With the exception of the state impact of the Federal items discussed above as well as a few states with insignificant uncertain liabilities, the statutes of limitations for state income tax returns remain open for tax years in accordance with the various states’ statutes.

 

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12. Retirement and Benefit Plans

Net periodic pension cost is recorded as a component of employee benefits expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The plan assumptions are evaluated annually and are updated as necessary. The discount rate assumption reflects the yield on a portfolio of high quality fixed-income instruments that have a similar duration to the plan’s liabilities. The expected long-term rate of return assumption reflects the average return expected on the assets invested to provide for the plan’s liabilities. In determining the expected long-term rate of return, the Bancorp evaluated actuarial and economic inputs, including long-term inflation rate assumptions and broad equity and bond indices long-term return projections, as well as actual long-term historical plan performance. Based on the current year actuarial assumptions, the Bancorp did not make any cash contributions to its pension plans during the six months ended June 30, 2008, and does not expect to contribute to the plans during the remainder of 2008.

The following table summarizes the components of net periodic pension cost:

 

     For the three months
ended June 30,
    For the six months
ended June 30,
 

($ in millions)

   2008     2007     2008     2007  

Service cost

   $ —       —       $ —       —    

Interest cost

     3     3       7     7  

Expected return on assets

     (5 )   (5 )     (10 )   (10 )

Amortization of actuarial loss

     2     2       4     4  

Amortization of net prior service cost

     —       —         —       —    

Settlement

     —       —         —       —    
                            

Net periodic pension cost

   $ —       —       $ 1     1  

13. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation awards are eligible for issuance under the 2008 Incentive Compensation Plan to key employees and directors of the Bancorp and its subsidiaries. The Incentive Compensation Plan provides for incentive and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock and restricted stock units, and performance share and restricted stock awards. All of the Bancorp's stock-based awards are to be settled with stock with the exception of a portion of the performance shares that are to be settled in cash. The Bancorp has historically used treasury stock to settle stock-based awards, when available. Stock options, issued at fair market value based on the closing price of the Bancorp's common stock on the date of grant, have up to ten-year terms and vest and become fully exercisable ratably over a three or four year period of continued employment. SARs, issued at fair market value based on the closing price of the Bancorp's common stock on the date of grant, have up to ten-year terms and vest and become exercisable either ratably or fully over a four year period of continued employment. The Bancorp does not grant discounted stock options or SARs, re-price previously granted stock options or SARs, or grant reload stock options. Restricted stock grants vest either fully after four years or ratably after three, four and five years of continued employment and include dividend and voting rights. Performance share and performance restricted stock awards have three-year cliff vesting terms with performance or market conditions as defined by the plan.

For stock options, approximately 1.1 million options were issued in conjunction with acquisitions, 1,000 were granted, 156,000 were exercised, and 2.7 million were forfeited or expired during the six months ended June 30, 2008. Approximately 5,000 options were granted, 2.7 million were exercised, and 209,000 were forfeited or expired during the six months ended June 30, 2007. For SARs, approximately 6.8 million were granted and 1.5 million were forfeited or expired during the six months ended June 30, 2008. No SARs were exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2008. Approximately 6.6 million SARs were granted, 41,000 were exercised, and 550,000 were forfeited or expired during the six months ended June 30, 2007. For restricted stock awards, approximately 3.1 million awards were granted, 396,000 awards vested and were released, and 350,000 awards were forfeited during the six months ended June 30, 2008. Approximately 1.5 million awards were granted, 33,000 awards vested and were released, and 145,000 awards were forfeited during the six months ended June 30, 2007.

The Bancorp uses assumptions, which are evaluated and revised as necessary, in estimating the grant-date fair value of each option grant. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the weighted-average assumptions were as follows:

 

     2008     2007  

Expected option life (in years)

   6     6  

Expected volatility

   30 %   22 %

Expected dividend yield

   8.69 %   4.44 %

Risk-free interest rate

   3.25 %   4.56 %

The expected option life is derived from historical exercise patterns and represents the amount of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The expected volatility is based on a combination of historical and implied volatilities of the Bancorp’s common stock. The expected dividend yield is based on annual dividends divided by the Bancorp’s stock price at the date of the

 

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grant. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

Stock-based compensation expense was $14 million and $19 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $27 million and $36 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and is included in salaries, wages and incentives expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The Bancorp has elected to present the disclosures required by SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and in the table below. Disclosure of the reclassification adjustments, related tax effects allocated to other comprehensive income and accumulated other comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30 were as follows:

 

($ in millions)

   Pre-Tax
Activity
    Tax
Effect
    Net
Activity
    Beginning
Balance
    Net
Activity
    Ending
Balance
 

2008

            

Losses on available-for-sale securities

   $ (42 )   10     (32 )      

Reclassification adjustment for net gains recognized in net income

     (17 )   11     (6 )      
                          

Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities

     (59 )   21     (38 )   $ (94 )   (38 )   (132 )

Gains on cash flow hedge derivatives

     8     (3 )   5        

Reclassification adjustment for net losses on cash flow hedge derivatives recognized in net income

     6     (2 )   4        
                          

Unrealized gains on cash flow hedge derivatives

     14     (5 )   9       25     9     34  

Defined benefit plans:

            

Net prior service cost

     —       —       —          

Net loss

     4     (1 )   3        
                          

Total pension and other postretirement obligations

     4     (1 )   3       (57 )   3     (54 )
                          

Total other comprehensive income

   $ (41 )   15     (26 )      
                          

Total accumulated other comprehensive income

         $ (126 )   (26 )   (152 )
                                        

2007

            

Losses on available-for-sale securities

   $ (171 )   60     (111 )      

Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities

         $ (119 )   (111 )   (230 )

Losses on cash flow hedge derivatives

     (11 )   4     (7 )      

Reclassification adjustment for net losses on cash flow hedge derivatives recognized in net income

     1     —       1        
                          

Unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives

     (10 )   4     (6 )     (1 )   (6 )   (7 )

Defined benefit plans:

            

Net prior service cost

     —       —       —          

Net loss

     4     (1 )   3        
                          

Total pension and other postretirement obligations

     4     (1 )   3       (59 )   3     (56 )
                          

Total other comprehensive income

   $ (177 )   63     (114 )      
                          

Total accumulated other comprehensive income

         $ (179 )   (114 )   (293 )
                                        

 

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15. Earnings Per Share

The calculation of earnings per share and the reconciliation of earnings per share and earnings per diluted share were as follows:

 

     2008     2007

For the three months ended June 30: (in millions, except per share data)

   Income     Average
Shares
   Per
Share
Amount
    Income    Average
Shares
   Per
Share
Amount

Earnings per share:

               

Net income (loss)

   $ (202 )        $ 376      
                                       

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders (a)

   $ (202 )   540    $ (0.37 )   $ 375    540    $ 0.69

Earnings per diluted share:

               

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ (202 )   540    $ (0.37 )   $ 375    540    $ 0.69

Effect of dilutive securities:

               

Stock based awards

     —        —          3      —  

Convertible preferred stock (b)

     —       —        —         —      —        —  
                                       

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders plus assumed conversions

   $ (202 )   540    $ (0.37 )   $ 375    543    $ 0.69

 

(a) Dividends on preferred stock are $.185 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
(b) The additive effect to income from dividends on convertible preferred stock is $.145 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, and the average share dilutive effect from convertible preferred stock is .308 million shares for the three months ended June 30, 2007.

 

     2008    2007  

For the six months ended June 30: (in millions except per share data)

   Income    Average
Shares
   Per
Share
Amount
   Income    Average
Shares
   Per
Share
Amount
 

Earnings per share:

                 

Net income

   $ 84          $ 735      
                                       

Net income available to common shareholders (a)

   $ 84    534    $ 0.16    $ 734    546    $ 1.35  

Earnings per diluted share:

                 

Net income available to common shareholders

   $ 84    534    $ 0.16    $ 734    546    $ 1.35  

Effect of dilutive securities:

                 

Stock based awards

      2      —         3      (0.01 )

Convertible preferred stock (b)

     —      7      —        —      —        —    
                                       

Net income available to common shareholders plus assumed conversions

   $ 84    543    $ 0.16    $ 734    549    $ 1.34  

 

(a) Dividends on preferred stock are $.370 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
(b) The additive effect to income from dividends on convertible preferred stock is $.290 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, and the average share dilutive effect from convertible preferred stock is 7 million shares and .308 million shares for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Due to the net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2008, the diluted earnings per share calculation excludes all common stock equivalents, including 44.7 million options and stock appreciation rights and 5.8 million shares of unvested restricted stock, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive to earnings per share. Options to purchase 33.4 million shares outstanding during the three months ended June 30, 2007 were not included in the computation of net income per diluted share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive. The outstanding shares consist of options and stock appreciation rights that have not yet been exercised, and unvested restricted stock. Options and stock appreciation rights are excluded from the computation of net income per diluted shares because the exercise price of the shares is greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect would be antidilutive. Restricted shares are excluded from the calculation until vested.

Options to purchase 43.8 million and 32.7 million shares outstanding during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, respectively, were not included in the computation of net income per diluted share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

16. Fair Value Measurements

Effective January 1, 2008, the Bancorp adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, which provides a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the instrument’s fair value measurement. The three levels within the fair value hierarchy are described as follows:

Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Bancorp has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

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Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability for which there is little, if any, market activity at the measurement date. Unobservable inputs reflect the Bancorp’s own assumptions about what market participants would use to price the asset or liability. The inputs are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances, which might include the Bancorp’s own financial data such as internally developed pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the fair value determination requires significant management judgment.

Effective January 1, 2008, the Bancorp adopted SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”, which allows an entity the irrevocable option to elect fair value for the initial and subsequent measurement for certain financial assets and liabilities on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Upon election of the fair value option in accordance with SFAS No. 159, subsequent changes in fair value are recorded as an adjustment to earnings.

The following table summarizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including financial instruments in which the Bancorp has elected the fair value option in accordance with SFAS No. 159.

 

     Fair Value Measurements Using

As of June 30, 2008 ($ in millions)

   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
    Total Fair
Value

Assets:

          

Available-for-sale securities (a)

   $ 507    11,297    173 (e)   $ 11,977

Trading securities

     1    240    —         241

Loans held for sale (b)

     —      761    —         761

Other assets (c)

     6    976    8       990
                        

Total assets

   $ 514    13,274    181     $ 13,969
                        

Liabilities:

          

Other liabilities (d)

   $ 32    712    15     $ 759
                        

Total liabilities

   $ 32    712    15     $ 759
                        

 

(a) Excludes FHLB and FRB stock totaling $533 million and $208 million, respectively, which are carried at par.
(b) Includes residential mortgage loans held for sale.
(c) Includes derivatives with a positive fair value.
(d) Includes derivatives with a negative fair value, short positions and certain deferred compensation liabilities.
(e) See Note 5 for a sensitivity analysis on significant Level 3 assets.

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Available- for-sale and Trading securities

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include government bonds and exchange traded equities. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. Examples of such instruments, which would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, include corporate and municipal bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Securities classified within Level 3 include residual interests in securitizations of automobile and home equity loans.

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

For loans held for sale, fair value is estimated based upon mortgage backed securities prices and spreads to those prices or, for certain assets, discounted cash flow models that may incorporate the anticipated portfolio composition, credit spreads of asset-backed securities with similar collateral, and market conditions. Residential mortgage loans held for sale are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

 

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Derivatives

Exchange-traded derivatives valued using quoted prices are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. However, few classes of derivative contracts are listed on an exchange. The majority of the Bancorp's derivative positions are valued utilizing models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Such derivatives include basic and structured interest rate swaps and options. Derivatives that are valued based upon models with significant unobservable market parameters are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgage loans are an example of derivatives designated as Level 3.

The following table is a reconciliation of all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

 

Three months ended June 30, 2008 ($ in millions)

   Available-for-
Sale Securities
    Derivatives,
Net
(a)
    Total Fair Value  

Balance, March 31, 2008

   $ 176     4     $ 180  

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):

      

Included in earnings

     2     (11 )     (9 )

Included in other comprehensive income

     3     —         3  

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

     (8 )   —         (8 )

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

     —       —         —    
                      

Balance, June 30, 2008

   $ 173     (7 )   $ 166  
                      
The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at June 30, 2008 (b)    $ 2     (5 )   $ (3 )

 

(a) Net derivatives include derivative assets of $8 million and derivative liabilities of $15 million at June 30, 2008.
(b) Includes interest income and expense.

The total gains and losses included in earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2008 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) included $6 million of losses recorded in other noninterest income, $4 million of losses recorded in mortgage banking net revenue, $1 million of losses recorded in securities gains/losses, and $2 million of gains recorded in interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The total gains and losses included in earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2008 attributable to changes in unrealized gains and losses related to assets still held at June 30, 2008 included $7 million of losses recorded in other noninterest income, $1 million of losses recorded in securities gains/losses, $3 million of gains recorded in mortgage banking net revenue, and $2 million of gains recorded in interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

 

Six months ended June 30, 2008 ($ in millions)

   Available-for-
Sale Securities
   Derivatives,
Net (a)
    Total Fair Value  

Balance, January 1, 2008

   $ 10    (4 )   $ 6  

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):

       

Included in earnings

     2    (11 )     (9 )

Included in other comprehensive income

     2    —         2  

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

     159    8       167  

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

     —      —         —    
                     

Balance, June 30, 2008

   $ 173    (7 )   $ 166  
                     
The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at June 30, 2008 (b)    $ 2    —       $ 2  

 

(a) Net derivatives include derivative assets of $8 million and derivative liabilities of $15 million at June 30, 2008.
(b) Includes interest income and expense.

The total gains and losses included in earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2008 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) included $7 million of losses recorded in other noninterest income, $5 million of losses recorded in corporate banking revenue, $2 million of losses recorded in securities gains/losses, $3 million of gains recorded in interest income, and $2 million of gains recorded in mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

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The total gains and losses included in earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2008 attributable to changes in unrealized gains and losses related to assets still held at June 30, 2008 included $8 million of gains recorded in mortgage banking net revenue, $3 million of gains recorded in interest income, $7 million of losses recorded in other noninterest income, and $2 million of losses recorded in securities gains/losses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis; however, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of impairment.

 

     Carrying Value at June 30, 2008    Total Gains (Losses)  

($ in millions)

   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets

(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
   Total    Three Months
Ended June 30,

2008
    Six Months
Ended June 30,
2008
 

Commercial loans

   $ —      —      213    $ 213    $ (86 )   $ (137 )

Commercial mortgage loans

     —      —      133      133      (36 )     (67 )

Commercial construction loans

     —      —      256      256      (60 )     (121 )
                                        

Total

   $ —      —      602    $ 602    $ (182 )   $ (325 )
                                        

During the second quarter of 2008, certain loans included in the Bancorp’s loan portfolio were deemed impaired in accordance with SFAS No. 114. The fair value of the impaired portfolio loans was calculated based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Therefore, these loans are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.

During the first quarter of 2008, the Bancorp recognized temporary impairment in certain classes of the MSR portfolio in which the carrying value of the MSRs was written down to the fair value as of March 31, 2008. In the second quarter of 2008, the Bancorp recognized a recovery of the impairment, and the fair value of the MSRs exceeded the carrying value as of June 30, 2008.

Fair Value Option

The Bancorp elected on January 1, 2008 to measure residential mortgage loans held for sale at fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 159. The election was prospective, at the instrument level, for residential mortgage loans that have a designation as held for sale on the day the specific loan closes. Existing loans held for sale as of December 31, 2007 were not included in the fair value option election and were valued at the lower of cost or market. Electing to measure residential mortgage loans held for sale at fair value reduces certain timing differences, better matches changes in the value of these assets with changes in the value of derivatives used as economic hedges for these assets and eliminates the complex hedge accounting requirements that were followed prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 159.

Management’s intent to sell residential mortgage loans classified as held for sale may change over time due to such factors as changes in the overall liquidity markets or changes in characteristics specific to certain loans held for sale. Consequently, these loans may be reclassified to loans held for investment and maintained in the Bancorp’s loan portfolio. In such cases, the loans will continue to be measured at fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 159.

Fair value changes included in earnings for instruments for which the fair value option was elected included a loss of $13 million and a gain of $9 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and are reported as mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Interest on residential mortgage loans measured at fair value is accrued as it is earned using the effective interest method and is reported as interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Gains and losses included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk for residential mortgage loans measured at fair value are immaterial to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements due to the short time period between the origination and sale of the loans, and the lack of delinquent loans at June 30, 2008. The following table summarizes the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance for residential mortgage loans measured at fair value as of June 30, 2008.

 

($ in millions)

   Aggregate Fair Value    Aggregate Unpaid
Principal Balance
   Difference

Residential mortgage loans measured at fair value

   $ 761    751    $ 10

Past due loans of 90 days or more

     —      —        —  

Nonaccrual loans

     —      —        —  

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

17. Business Segments

Results of operations and selected financial information by business segment are as follows:

 

($ in millions)

   Commercial
Banking
    Branch
Banking
   Consumer
Lending
    Processing
Solutions
    Investment
Advisors
   General
Corporate
and Other
    Eliminations     Total  

Three months ended June 30, 2008:

                  

Net interest income (a)

   $ 350     400    104     —       47    (157 )   —       744  

Provision for loan and lease losses

     156     75    104     3     5    376     —       719  
                                                

Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses (a)

     194     325    —       (3 )   42    (533 )   —       25  

Noninterest income:

                  

Electronic payment processing revenue

     (1 )   49    —       206     —      —       (19 (b)   235  

Service charges on deposits

     46     111    —       —       2    —       —       159  

Corporate banking revenue

     101     3    —       —       4    3     —       111  

Investment advisory revenue

     1     24    —       —       93    (2 )   (24 (c)   92  

Mortgage banking net revenue

     —       7    78     —       —      1     —       86  

Other noninterest income

     11     18    7     10     2    1     —       49  

Securities losses, net

     —       —      —       —       —      (10 )   —       (10 )
                                                

Total noninterest income

     158     212    85     216     101    (7 )   (43 )   722  

Noninterest expense:

                  

Salaries, wages and incentives

     63     99    27     17     33    92     —       331  

Employee benefits

     11     27    7     3     7    5     —       60  

Net occupancy expense

     4     39    2     1     2    25     —       73  

Payment processing expense

     —       2    —       65     —      —       —       67  

Technology and communications

     (1 )   3    —       10     1    36     —       49  

Equipment expense

     1     10    —       —       —      20     —       31  

Other noninterest expense

     138     128    51     45     56    (128 )   (43 )   247  
                                                

Total noninterest expense

     216     308    87     141     99    50     (43 )   858  

Income (loss) before income taxes (a)

     136     229    (2 )   72     44    (590 )   —       (111 )

Applicable income taxes (a)

     22     81    (1 )   25     16    (52 )   —       91  
                                                

Net income (loss)

   $ 114     148    (1 )   47     28    (538 )   —       (202 )

Average assets

   $ 47,352     44,890    22,172     1,007     5,623    (8,946 )   —       112,098  

Three months ended June 30, 2007:

                  

Net interest income (a)

   $ 325     362    99     (1 )   38    (78 )   —       745  

Provision for loan and lease losses

     31     38    27     3     2    20     —       121  
                                                

Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses (a)

     294     324    72     (4 )   36    (98 )   —       624  

Noninterest income:

                  

Electronic payment processing revenue

     (2 )   45    —       172     —      1     (11 ) (b)   205  

Service charges on deposits

     38     104    —       —       2    (2 )   —       142  

Corporate banking revenue

     80     3    —       1     2    2     —       88  

Investment advisory revenue

     1     25    —       —       99    (3 )   (25 (c)   97  

Mortgage banking net revenue

     —       1    39     —       —      1     —       41  

Other noninterest income

     15     17    18     9     1    36     —       96  
                                                

Total noninterest income

     132     195    57     182     104    35     (36 )   669  

Noninterest expense:

                  

Salaries, wages and incentives

     52     93    12     16     35    101     —       309  

Employee benefits

     10     25    6     3     6    18     —       68  

Net occupancy expense

     4     34    2     1     2    25     —       68  

Payment processing expense

     —       2    —       57     —      —       —       59  

Technology and communications

     1     4    1     8     1    26     —       41  

Equipment expense

     1     10    —       1     —      19     —       31  

Other noninterest expense

     126     110    43     31     59    (144 )   (36 )   189  
                                                

Total noninterest expense

     194     278    64     117     103    45     (36 )   765  

Income (loss) before income taxes (a)

     232     241    65     61     37    (108 )   —       528  

Applicable income taxes (a)

     56     85    23     22     13    (47 )   —       152  
                                                

Net income (loss)

   $ 176     156    42     39     24    (61 )   —       376  

Average assets

   $ 37,836     45,042    23,437     1,388     5,945    (12,881 )   —       100,767  

 

(a) Includes fully taxable-equivalent adjustments of $6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
(b) Electronic payment processing service revenues provided to the banking segments are eliminated in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
(c) Revenue sharing agreements between Investment Advisors and Branch Banking are eliminated in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

($ in millions)

   Commercial
Banking
    Branch
Banking
   Consumer
Lending
   Processing
Solutions
    Investment
Advisors
   General
Corporate
and Other
    Eliminations     Total

Six months ended June 30, 2008:

                   

Net interest income (a)

   $ 708     784    220    1     91    (234 )   —       1,570

Provision for loan and lease losses

     281     139    180    7     10    646     —       1,263
                                             

Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses (a)

     427     645    40    (6 )   81    (880 )   —       307

Noninterest income:

                   

Electronic payment processing revenue

     (2 )   92    —      392     1    (2 )   (34 (b)   447

Service charges on deposits

     90     213    —      —       4    —       —       307

Corporate banking revenue

     203     7    —      —       9    (1 )   —       218

Investment advisory revenue

     3     46    —      —       188    (6 )   (46 (c)   185

Mortgage banking net revenue

     —       11    170    —       1    —       —       182

Other noninterest income

     24     34    24    23     —      123     —       228

Securities gains, net

     —       —      3    —       —      17     —       20
                                             

Total noninterest income

     318     403    197    415     203    131     (80 )   1,587

Noninterest expense:

                   

Salaries, wages and incentives

     126     198    58    33     66    198     —       679

Employee benefits

     26     56    15    7     15    26     —       145

Net occupancy expense

     9     77    4    2     5    48     —       145

Payment processing expense

     —       3    —      129     —      1     —       133

Technology and communications

     (1 )   7    1    19     1    69     —       96

Equipment expense

     1     20    —      1     —      39     —       61

Other noninterest expense

     277     243    99    86     107    (415 )   (80 )   317
                                             

Total noninterest expense

     438     604    177    277     194    (34 )   (80 )   1,576

Income (loss) before income taxes (a)

     307     444    60    132     90    (715 )   —       318

Applicable income taxes (a)

     58     157    21    47     32    (81 )   —       234
                                             

Net income (loss)

   $ 249     287    39    85     58    (634 )   —       84

Average assets

   $ 45,977     45,297    23,453    998     5,862    (9,893 )   —       111,694

Six months ended June 30, 2007:

                   

Net interest income (a)

   $ 646     707    201    (1 )   74    (140 )   —       1,487

Provision for loan and lease losses

     48     60    54    5     5    33     —       205
                                             

Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses (a)

     598     647    147    (6 )   69    (173 )   —       1,282

Noninterest income:

                   

Electronic payment processing revenue

     (4 )   85    —      330     —      —       (21 (b)   390

Service charges on deposits

     75     191    —      (1 )   3    —       —       268

Corporate banking revenue

     156     6    —      1     5    3     —       171

Investment advisory revenue

     1     47    —      —       195    (3 )   (47 (c)   193

Mortgage banking net revenue

     —       3    75    —       1    2     —       81

Other noninterest income

     34     36    34    19     2    49     —       174
                                             

Total noninterest income

     262     368    109    349     206    51     (68 )   1,277

Noninterest expense:

                   

Salaries, wages and incentives

     107     184    25    30     69    186     —       601

Employee benefits

     25     52    14    7     15    42     —       155

Net occupancy expense

     7     67    4    2     5    48     —       133

Payment processing expense

     —       3    —      108     —      —       —       111

Technology and communications

     2     7    1    15     1    55     —       81

Equipment expense

     1     18    —      2     1    38     —       60

Other noninterest expense

     248     215    84    65     111    (279 )   (68 )   376
                                             

Total noninterest expense

     390     546    128    229     202    90     (68 )   1,517

Income (loss) before income taxes (a)

     470     469    128    114     73    (212 )   —       1,042

Applicable income taxes (a)

     121     165    45    40     26    (90 )   —       307
                                             

Net income (loss)

   $ 349     304    83    74     47    (122 )   —       735

Average assets

   $ 37,342     44,859    23,217    1,188     5,914    (12,536 )   —       99,984

 

(a) Includes fully taxable-equivalent adjustments of $11 million and $12 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
(b) Electronic payment processing service revenues provided to the banking segments are eliminated in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
(c) Revenue sharing agreements between Investment Advisors and Branch Banking are eliminated in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Legal Proceedings (Item 1)

Refer to Note 9 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for information regarding legal proceedings.

Risk Factors (Item 1A)

The following has been added to the Registrant’s list of risk factors affecting its business since the filing of its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007:

If Fifth Third’s plan to sell certain non-core businesses is not successful, or not as successful as it expects, it may not be able to generate the gains on sale and related increase in shareholders’ equity that it anticipates from the sale of those certain businesses. Moreover, if Fifth Third sells certain non-core businesses, the loss of income from these businesses that are sold could have an adverse effect on its earnings and future growth.

Fifth Third owns several non-strategic businesses that are not significantly synergistic with its core financial services businesses. Fifth Third has announced plans to supplement its common equity capital by an estimated additional $1 billion or more through the sale of certain of these businesses. Although it expects these transactions to be completed over the course of the next several quarters, there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so within that time frame. Moreover, there can be no assurance that Fifth Third will be successful in selling these businesses at all. If it cannot complete these contemplated transactions at all, or cannot do so within the expected time frame, it will have an adverse impact on Fifth Third’s ability to generate the common equity capital it anticipates. If Fifth Third is successful in completing the sale of certain non-core businesses, it will suffer the loss of income from the sold businesses, and such loss of income could have an adverse effect on its future earnings and growth.

There have been no material changes made during the second quarter of 2008 to any of the other risk factors as previously disclosed in the Registrant’s 2007 Form 10-K.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds (Item 2)

Refer to the “Capital Management” section within Management’s Discussion and Analysis in Part I, Item 3 for information regarding purchases of equity securities by the Bancorp during the second of 2008.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities (Item 3)

None.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders (Item 4)

None.

Other Information (Item 5)

None.

 

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Exhibits (Item 6)

 

1.1

  Underwriting Agreement dated June 18, 2008 between Fifth Third Bancorp and Goldman, Sachs & Co., as Representative of the several Underwriters named in the Underwriting Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 24, 2008.

3.1

  Second Amended Articles of Incorporation, as amended.

3.2

  Code of Regulations, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-141560), as amended by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2008.

4.1

  Deposit Agreement dated June 25, 2008, between Fifth Third Bancorp, Wilmington Trust Company, as depositary and conversion agent and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as transfer agent, and the holders from time to time of the Receipts described therein. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 2008.

4.2

  Form of Certificate Representing the 8.50 % Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock, Series G, of Fifth Third Bancorp. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 2008.

4.3

  Form of Depositary Receipt for the 8.50 % Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock, Series G, of Fifth Third Bancorp. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 2008.

12.1

  Computations of Consolidated Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges.

12.2

  Computations of Consolidated Ratios of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividend Requirements.

31(i)

  Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer.

31(ii)

  Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer.

32(i)

  Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer.

32(ii)

  Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer.

 

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Fifth Third Bancorp
  Registrant
Date: August 7, 2008  

/s/ Daniel T. Poston

  Daniel T. Poston
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 

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