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Revenues
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenues
Note 9 · Revenues
Revenue from contracts with customers. The revenues subject to ASC Topic 606 include the Utilities’ electric energy sales revenue and the ASB’s transaction fees, as further described below.
Electric Utilities.
Electric energy sales. Electric energy sales represent revenues from the generation and transmission of electricity to customers under tariffs approved by the PUC. Transaction pricing for electricity is determined and approved by the PUC for each rate class and includes revenues from the base electric charges, which are composed of (1) the customer, demand, energy, and minimum charges, and (2) the power factor, service voltage, and other adjustments as provided in each rate and rate rider schedule. Electric energy sales also represent contract rate charge from the generation and transmission of electricity to the Army. The monthly pricing is recalculated on an annual basis based on actual costs, approved by the Army.
The Utilities satisfy performance obligations of electric energy sales over time, i.e., the Utilities generate and transfer control of the electricity over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Utilities’ performance. Payments from customers are generally due within 30 days from the end of the billing period. As electric bills to customers reflect the amount that corresponds directly with the value of the Utilities’ performance to date, the Utilities have elected to use the right to invoice practical expedient, which entitles them to recognize revenue in the amount they have the right to invoice.
The Utilities’ revenues include amounts for recovery of various Hawaii state revenue taxes. Revenue taxes are generally recorded as an expense in the year the related revenues are recognized. For 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Utilities’ revenues include recovery of revenue taxes of approximately $303 million, $226 million and $202 million, respectively, which amounts are in “Taxes, other than income taxes” expense. However, the Utilities pay revenue taxes to the taxing authorities based on (1) the prior year’s billed revenues (in the case of public service company taxes and PUC fees) in the current year or (2) the current year’s cash collections from electric sales (in the case of franchise taxes) after year end. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Utilities had recorded $188 million and $128 million, respectively, in “Taxes accrued, including revenue taxes” on the Utilities’ consolidated balance sheet for amounts previously collected from customers or accrued for public service company taxes and PUC fees, net of amounts paid to the taxing authorities. Such amounts will be used to pay public service company taxes and PUC fees owed for the following year.
Bank.
Bank fees. Bank fees are primarily transaction-based and are recognized when the transaction has occurred and the performance obligation satisfied. From time to time, customers will request a fee waiver and ASB may grant reversals of fees. Revenues are not recorded for the estimated amount of fee reversals for each period.
Fees from other financial services - These fees primarily include debit card interchange income and fees, automated teller machine fees, credit card interchange income and fees, check ordering fees, wire fees, safe deposit rental fees, corporate/business fees, merchant income, online banking fees and international banking fees. Amounts paid to third parties for payment network expenses are included in this financial statement caption in ASB’s Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income Data (in Revenues—Bank financial statement caption of HEI’s Consolidated Statements of Income).
Fee income on deposit liabilities - These fees primarily include “not sufficient funds” fees, monthly deposit account service charge fees, commercial account analysis fees and other deposit fees.
Fee income on other financial products - These fees primarily include commission income from the sales of annuity, mutual fund, and life insurance products. ASB also offers a fee-based, managed account product in which income is based on a percentage of assets under management.
Other Segment.
Other sales. Other sales primarily consist of revenues from the generation and sale of renewable energy at fixed contractual prices per kWh to customers under power purchase agreements by Pacific Current subsidiaries. The performance obligation is satisfied over time as renewable energy is generated and control is transferred to the customer that simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. Payments from customers are generally due within 30 days from the end of the billing period. The bill to customers reflect the amount that corresponds directly with the value of performance to date. Pacific Current has elected to use the right to invoice practical expedient, which entitles it to recognize revenue in the amount they have the right to invoice.
Revenues from other sources. Revenues from other sources not subject to ASC Topic 606 are accounted for as follows:
Electric Utilities.
Regulatory revenues. Regulatory revenues primarily consist of revenues from the decoupling mechanism and cost recovery surcharges.
Decoupling mechanism - Under the current decoupling mechanism, the Utilities are allowed to recover or obligated to refund the difference between actual revenue and the target revenue as determined by the PUC, collect annual revenue adjustment mechanism (ARA) and exceptional project recovery mechanism revenues, and recover or refund performance incentive mechanism penalties or rewards. These adjustments will be reflected in tariffs in future periods. Under the PBR framework, the accrued RBA revenues as of the preceding September 30 balance and the annual ARA amount are billed from January 1 through December 31 of each year, which is within 24 months following the end of the year in which they are recorded as required by the accounting standard for alternative revenue programs (see “Regulatory proceedings” in Note 3).
Cost recovery surcharges - For the timely recovery of additional costs incurred, and reconciliation of costs and expenses included in tariffed rates, the Utilities recognize revenues under surcharge mechanisms approved by the PUC. These will be reflected in tariffs in future periods (e.g., ECRC and PPAC).
Since revenue adjustments discussed above resulted from either agreements with the PUC or change in tax law, rather than contracts with customers, they are not subject to the scope of ASC Topic 606. Also, see Notes 1, 3 and 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Utilities have elected to present these revenue adjustments on a gross basis, which results in the
amounts being billed to customers presented in revenues from contracts with customers and the amortization of the related regulatory asset/liability as revenues from other sources. Depending on whether the previous deferral balance being amortized was a regulatory asset or regulatory liability, and depending on the size and direction of the current year deferral of surcharges and/or refunds to customers, it could result in negative regulatory revenue during the year.
Utility pole attachment fees. These fees primarily represent revenues from third-party companies for their access to and shared use of Utilities-owned poles through licensing agreements. As the shared portion of the utility pole is functionally dependent on the rest of the structure, no distinct goods appear to exist. Therefore, these fees are not subject to the scope of ASC Topic 606, but recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 610, Other Income.
Army privatization extraordinary O&M (EOM) fees. The monthly EOM fee provides the recovery of the incremental extraordinary O&M costs not covered under the standard utility services. The nature of the work related to transitional period revenue and monthly EOM fees do not represent the Utilities’ ongoing major or central operations (i.e., generating, and transmission and distribution of electricity) and is provided specifically for the arrangement between the Utilities and the Army. Therefore, these revenues are not subject to the scope of ASC Topic 606, but recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 610, Other Income.
Bank.
Interest and dividend income. Interest and fees on loans are recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 310, Receivables, including the related allowance for credit losses. Interest and dividends on investment securities are recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 320, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities. See Notes 1 and 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other bank noninterest income. Other bank noninterest income primarily consists of mortgage banking income and bank-owned life insurance income.
Mortgage banking income - Mortgage banking income consists primarily of realized and unrealized gains on sale of loans accounted for pursuant to ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing. Interest rate lock commitments and forward loan sales are considered derivatives and are accounted pursuant to ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging.
Bank-Owned Life Insurance (BOLI) - The recognition of BOLI cash surrender value does not represent a contract with a customer and is accounted for in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 06-05, Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance-Determining the Amount that Could be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4, Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance.
Revenue disaggregation. The following tables disaggregate revenues by major source, timing of revenue recognition, and segment:
Year ended December 31, 2022Year ended December 31, 2021
(in thousands)Electric  utilityBankOtherTotalElectric  utilityBankOtherTotal
Revenues from contracts with customers
Electric energy sales - residential
$1,078,372 $— $— $1,078,372 $830,653 $— $— $830,653 
Electric energy sales - commercial
1,087,485 — — 1,087,485 791,424 — — 791,424 
Electric energy sales - large light and power
1,221,608 — — 1,221,608 837,834 — — 837,834 
Electric energy sales - other 17,063 — — 17,063 10,770 — — 10,770 
Bank fees— 48,883 — 48,883 — 46,658 — 46,658 
Other sales— — 11,804 11,804 — — 4,086 4,086 
Total revenues from contracts with customers3,404,528 48,883 11,804 3,465,215 2,470,681 46,658 4,086 2,521,425 
Revenues from other sources
Regulatory revenue(29,124)— — (29,124)40,069 — — 40,069 
Bank interest and dividend income
— 265,874 — 265,874 — 242,266 — 242,266 
Other bank noninterest income
— 6,311 — 6,311 — 17,474 — 17,474 
Other33,183 — 526 33,709 28,886 — 259 29,145 
Total revenues from other sources4,059 272,185 526 276,770 68,955 259,740 259 328,954 
Total revenues$3,408,587 $321,068 $12,330 $3,741,985 $2,539,636 $306,398 $4,345 $2,850,379 
Timing of revenue recognition
Services/goods transferred at a point in time
$— $48,883 $— $48,883 $— $46,658 $— $46,658 
Services/goods transferred over time
3,404,528 — 11,804 3,416,332 2,470,681 — 4,086 2,474,767 
Total revenues from contracts with customers$3,404,528 $48,883 $11,804 $3,465,215 $2,470,681 $46,658 $4,086 $2,521,425 
There are no material contract assets or liabilities associated with revenues from contracts with customers existing at December 31, 2022 and 2021. Accounts receivable and unbilled revenues related to contracts with customers represent an unconditional right to consideration since all performance obligations have been satisfied. These amounts are disclosed as accounts receivable and unbilled revenues, net on HEI’s consolidated balance sheets and customer accounts receivable, net and accrued unbilled revenues, net on Hawaiian Electric’s consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had no material remaining performance obligations due to the nature of the Company’s contracts with its customers. For the Utilities, performance obligations are fulfilled as electricity is delivered to customers. For ASB, fees are recognized when a transaction is completed.