7.	LOANS AND LEASE FINANCE RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s total loans and lease finance receivables, excluding PCI loans, by type.


	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial and industrial	$	1,021,906		$	513,325
SBA		357,052			122,055
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		5,268,740			3,376,713
Construction		123,274			77,982
SFR mortgage		292,516			236,202
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		304,598			347,289
Municipal lease finance receivables		67,581			70,243
Consumer and other loans		134,796			64,229

Gross loans, excluding PCI loans		7,570,463			4,808,038
Less: Deferred loan fees, net		(5,264	)		(6,289	)

Gross loans, excluding PCI loans, net of deferred loan fees		7,565,199			4,801,749
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(59,802	)		(59,218	)

Net loans, excluding PCI loans		7,505,397			4,742,531

PCI Loans		17,260			30,908
Discount on PCI loans		-			(2,026	)
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(205	)		(367	)

PCI loans, net		17,055			28,515

Total loans and lease finance receivables	$	7,522,452		$	4,771,046

As of September 30, 2018, 75.09% of the Company’s total gross loan portfolio (excluding PCI loans) consisted of real estate loans, 69.60% of which consisted of commercial real estate loans. Substantially all of the Company’s real estate loans and construction loans are secured by real properties located in California. As of September 30, 2018, $219.6 million, or 4.17% of the total commercial real estate loans included loans secured by farmland, compared to $206.1 million, or 6.10%, at December 31, 2017. The loans secured by farmland included $128.8 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $90.8 million for loans secured by agricultural land at September 30, 2018, compared to $118.2 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $87.9 million for loans secured by agricultural land at December 31, 2017. As of September 30, 2018, dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans of $304.6 million were comprised of $251.4 million for dairy & livestock loans and $53.2 million for agribusiness loans, compared to $310.6 million for dairy & livestock loans and $36.7 million for agribusiness loans at December 31, 2017.

At September 30, 2018, the Company held approximately $3.70 billion of total fixed rate loans, including PCI loans.

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, loans totaling $5.53 billion and $3.68 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure the borrowings and available lines of credit from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank.

There were no outstanding loans held-for-sale as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Credit Quality Indicators

An important element of our approach to credit risk management is our loan risk rating system. The originating officer assigns each loan an initial risk rating, which is reviewed and confirmed or changed, as appropriate, by credit management. Approvals are made based upon the amount of inherent credit risk specific to the transaction and are reviewed for appropriateness by senior line and credit management personnel. Credits are monitored by line and credit management personnel for deterioration or improvement in a borrower’s financial condition, which would impact the ability of the borrower to perform under the contract. Risk ratings are adjusted as necessary.

Loans are risk rated into the following categories (Credit Quality Indicators): Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. Each of these groups is assessed for the proper amount to be used in determining the adequacy of our allowance for losses. These categories can be described as follows:

Pass — These loans, including loans on the Bank’s internal watch list, range from minimal credit risk to lower than average, but still acceptable, credit risk. Watch list loans usually require more than normal management attention. Loans on the watch list may involve borrowers with adverse financial trends, higher debt/equity ratios, or weaker liquidity positions, but not to the degree of being considered a defined weakness or problem loan where risk of loss may be apparent.

Special Mention — Loans assigned to this category have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Substandard — Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful — Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or the liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss — Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset with insignificant value even though partial recovery may be affected in the future.

The following table summarizes loans by type, excluding PCI loans, according to our internal risk ratings for the periods presented.


	September 30, 2018
	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard (1)		Doubtful & Loss		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	980,421	$	33,628	$	7,857	$	-	$	1,021,906
SBA		345,126		5,469		6,457		-		357,052
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		1,931,062		97,990		12,079		-		2,041,131
Non-owner occupied		3,215,070		5,582		6,957		-		3,227,609
Construction
Speculative		32,081		-		-		-		32,081
Non-speculative		91,193		-		-		-		91,193
SFR mortgage		284,852		4,047		3,617		-		292,516
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		268,328		26,877		9,393		-		304,598
Municipal lease finance receivables		67,045		536		-		-		67,581
Consumer and other loans		132,637		740		1,419		-		134,796

Total gross loans, excluding PCI loans	$	7,347,815	$	174,869	$	47,779	$	-	$	7,570,463

(1)

Includes $15.1 million of classified loans acquired from CB in the third quarter of 2018.


	December 31, 2017
	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful & Loss		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	483,641	$	19,566	$	10,118	$	-	$	513,325
SBA		112,835		5,358		3,862		-		122,055
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		1,009,199		76,111		10,970		-		1,096,280
Non-owner occupied		2,257,130		16,434		6,869		-		2,280,433
Construction
Speculative		60,042		-		-		-		60,042
Non-speculative		17,940		-		-		-		17,940
SFR mortgage		229,032		3,124		4,046		-		236,202
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		321,413		9,047		16,829		-		347,289
Municipal lease finance receivables		69,644		599		-		-		70,243
Consumer and other loans		61,715		1,255		1,259		-		64,229

Total gross loans, excluding PCI loans	$	4,622,591	$	131,494	$	53,953	$	-	$	4,808,038

Allowance for Loan Losses (“ALLL”)

The Bank’s Audit and Director Loan Committees provide Board oversight of the ALLL process and approves the ALLL on a quarterly basis.

Our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance is conducted on a regular basis and considers the Bank’s overall loan portfolio. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for a more detailed discussion concerning the allowance for loan losses.

Management believes that the ALLL was appropriate at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. No assurance can be given that economic conditions which adversely affect the Company’s service areas or other circumstances will not be reflected in increased provisions for loan losses in the future.

The following tables present the balance and activity related to the allowance for loan losses for held-for-investment loans by type for the periods presented.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Ending Balance June 30, 2018		Charge-offs			Recoveries		(Recapture of) Provision for Loan Losses			Ending Balance September 30, 2018
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	6,970	$	-		$	44	$	477		$	7,491
SBA		841		(257	)		5		369			958
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		42,597		-			-		(1,056	)		41,541
Construction		1,003		-			15		115			1,133
SFR mortgage		2,155		-			-		(30	)		2,125
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		4,351		-			-		673			5,024
Municipal lease finance receivables		808		-			-		7			815
Consumer and other loans		642		(1	)		118		(44	)		715
PCI loans		216		-			-		(11	)		205

Total allowance for loan losses	$	59,583	$	(258	)	$	182	$	500		$	60,007

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Ending Balance June 30, 2017		Charge-offs			Recoveries		(Recapture of) Provision for Loan Losses			Ending Balance September 30, 2017
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	8,060	$	(138	)	$	12	$	129		$	8,063
SBA		913		-			5		(54	)		864
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		39,927		-			-		943			40,870
Construction		1,059		-			2,055		(2,181	)		933
SFR mortgage		2,369		-			-		(49	)		2,320
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		5,440		-			-		(66	)		5,374
Municipal lease finance receivables		852		-			-		54			906
Consumer and other loans		922		(9	)		5		(48	)		870
PCI loans		659		-			-		(228	)		431

Total allowance for loan losses	$	60,201	$	(147	)	$	2,077	$	(1,500	)	$	60,631

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Ending Balance December 31, 2017		Charge-offs			Recoveries		(Recapture of) Provision for Loan Losses			Ending Balance September 30, 2018
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	7,280	$	-		$	81	$	130		$	7,491
SBA		869		(257	)		15		331			958
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		41,722		-			-		(181	)		41,541
Construction		984		-			1,945		(1,796	)		1,133
SFR mortgage		2,112		-			-		13			2,125
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		4,647		-			19		358			5,024
Municipal lease finance receivables		851		-			-		(36	)		815
Consumer and other loans		753		(10	)		129		(157	)		715
PCI loans		367		-			-		(162	)		205

Total allowance for loan losses	$	59,585	$	(267	)	$	2,189	$	(1,500	)	$	60,007

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Ending Balance December 31, 2016		Charge-offs			Recoveries		(Recapture of) Provision for Loan Losses			Ending Balance September 30, 2017
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	8,154	$	(138	)	$	106	$	(59	)	$	8,063
SBA		871		-			47		(54	)		864
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		37,443		-			154		3,273			40,870
Construction		1,096		-			5,774		(5,937	)		933
SFR mortgage		2,287		-			64		(31	)		2,320
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		8,541		-			19		(3,186	)		5,374
Municipal lease finance receivables		941		-			-		(35	)		906
Consumer and other loans		988		(11	)		76		(183	)		870
PCI loans		1,219		-			-		(788	)		431

Total allowance for loan losses	$	61,540	$	(149	)	$	6,240	$	(7,000	)	$	60,631

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans held-for-investment and the related allowance for loan losses by loan type, based on the Company’s methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses for the periods presented. Acquired loans are also supported by a credit discount established through the determination of fair value for the acquired loan portfolio.


	September 30, 2018
	Recorded Investment in Loans						Allowance for Loan Losses
	Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Acquired with Deterioriated Credit Quality		Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Acquired with Deterioriated Credit Quality
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	3,168	$	1,018,738	$	-	$	-	$	7,491	$	-
SBA		3,593		353,459		-		-		958		-
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		6,348		5,262,392		-		-		41,541		-
Construction		-		123,274		-		-		1,133		-
SFR mortgage		5,492		287,024		-		13		2,112		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		775		303,823		-		-		5,024		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		67,581		-		-		815		-
Consumer and other loans		807		133,989		-		70		645		-
PCI loans		-		-		17,260		-		-		205

Total	$	20,183	$	7,550,280	$	17,260	$	83	$	59,719	$	205

	September 30, 2017
	Recorded Investment in Loans						Allowance for Loan Losses
	Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Acquired with Deterioriated Credit Quality		Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Acquired with Deterioriated Credit Quality
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	745	$	527,914	$	-	$	2	$	8,061	$	-
SBA		2,273		121,818		-		3		861		-
Real estate:
Commercial real estate		8,168		3,324,349		-		-		40,870		-
Construction		-		74,148		-		-		933		-
SFR mortgage		4,550		240,112		-		-		2,320		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		829		269,653		-		-		5,374		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		71,352		-		-		906		-
Consumer and other loans		743		69,672		-		83		787		-
PCI loans		-		-		36,548		-		-		431

Total	$	17,308	$	4,699,018	$	36,548	$	88	$	60,112	$	431

Past Due and Nonperforming Loans

We seek to manage asset quality and control credit risk through diversification of the loan portfolio and the application of policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. The Bank’s Credit Management Division is in charge of monitoring asset quality, establishing credit policies and procedures and enforcing the consistent application of these policies and procedures across the Bank. Reviews of nonperforming, past due loans and larger credits, designed to identify potential charges to the allowance for loan losses, and to determine the adequacy of the allowance, are conducted on an ongoing basis. These reviews consider such factors as the financial strength of borrowers and any guarantors, the value of the applicable collateral, loan loss experience, estimated loan losses, growth in the loan portfolio, prevailing economic conditions and other factors. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, for additional discussion concerning the Bank’s policy for past due and nonperforming loans.

A loan is reported as a Troubled Debt Restructuring (“TDR”) when the Bank grants a concession(s) to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties that the Bank would not otherwise consider. Examples of such concessions include a reduction in the interest rate, deferral of principal or accrued interest, extending the payment due dates or loan maturity date(s), or providing a lower interest rate than would be normally available for new debt of similar risk. As a result of one or more of these concessions, restructured loans are classified as impaired. Impairment reserves on non-collateral dependent restructured loans are measured by comparing the present value of expected future cash flows on the restructured loans discounted at the interest rate of the original loan agreement to the carrying value of the loan. These impairment reserves are recognized as a specific component to be provided for in the allowance for loan losses.

Generally, when loans are identified as impaired they are moved to our Special Assets Department. When we identify a loan as impaired, we measure the loan for potential impairment using discounted cash flows, unless the loan is determined to be collateral dependent. In these cases, we use the current fair value of collateral, less selling costs. Generally, the determination of fair value is established through obtaining external appraisals of the collateral.

The following tables present the recorded investment in, and the aging of, past due and nonaccrual loans, excluding PCI loans, by type of loans for the periods presented.


	September 30, 2018
	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Total Past Due and Accruing		Nonaccrual (1) (3)		Current		Total Loans and Financing Receivables
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	274	$	-	$	274	$	3,026	$	1,018,606	$	1,021,906
SBA		-		123		123		3,005		353,924		357,052
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		-		-		-		615		2,040,516		2,041,131
Non-owner occupied		-		-		-		5,241		3,222,368		3,227,609
Construction
Speculative (2)		-		-		-		-		32,081		32,081
Non-speculative		-		-		-		-		91,193		91,193
SFR mortgage		-		-		-		2,961		289,555		292,516
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		-		-		-		775		303,823		304,598
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-		-		67,581		67,581
Consumer and other loans		98		-		98		807		133,891		134,796

Total gross loans, excluding PCI loans	$	372	$	123	$	495	$	16,430	$	7,553,538	$	7,570,463

(1)

As of September 30, 2018, $2.6 million of nonaccruing loans were current, $562,000 were 30-59 days past due, $1.3 million were 60-89 days past due and $12.0 million were 90+ days past due.

(2)

Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter.

(3)

Includes $8.6 million of nonaccrual loans acquired from CB in the third quarter of 2018.


	December 31, 2017
	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Total Past Due and Accruing		Nonaccrual (1)		Current		Total Loans and Financing Receivables
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial	$	768	$	-	$	768	$	250	$	512,307	$	513,325
SBA		403		-		403		906		120,746		122,055
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		-		-		-		4,365		1,091,915		1,096,280
Non-owner occupied		-		-		-		2,477		2,277,956		2,280,433
Construction
Speculative (2)		-		-		-		-		60,042		60,042
Non-speculative		-		-		-		-		17,940		17,940
SFR mortgage		-		-		-		1,337		234,865		236,202
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		-		-		-		829		346,460		347,289
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-		-		70,243		70,243
Consumer and other loans		1		-		1		552		63,676		64,229

Total gross loans, excluding PCI loans	$	1,172	$	-	$	1,172	$	10,716	$	4,796,150	$	4,808,038

(1)

As of December 31, 2017, $3.6 million of nonaccruing loans were current, $376,000 were 60-89 days past due and $6.8 million were 90+ days past due.

(2)

Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter.

Impaired Loans

At September 30, 2018, the Company had impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, of $20.2 million. Impaired loans included $5.9 million of nonaccrual commercial real estate loans, $3.0 million of nonaccrual commercial and industrial loans, $3.0 million of nonaccrual Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans, $3.0 million of nonaccrual single-family residential (“SFR”) mortgage loans, $807,000 of nonaccrual consumer and other loans, and $775,000 of nonaccrual dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans. These impaired loans included $7.3 million of loans whose terms were modified in a troubled debt restructuring, of which $3.5 million were classified as nonaccrual. The remaining balance of $3.8 million consisted of 14 loans performing according to the restructured terms. The impaired loans had a specific allowance of $83,000 at September 30, 2018. At December 31, 2017, the Company had classified as impaired, loans, excluding PCI loans, with a balance of $15.5 million with a related allowance of $75,000.

The following tables present information for held-for-investment loans, excluding PCI loans, individually evaluated for impairment by type of loans, as and for the periods presented.


	As of and For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial	$	3,168	$	3,829	$	-	$	3,439	$	6
SBA		3,593		5,779		-		4,457		34
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		615		726		-		644		-
Non-owner occupied		5,733		6,385		-		5,904		24
Construction
Speculative		-		-		-		-		-
Non-speculative		-		-		-		-		-
SFR mortgage		5,479		6,449		-		5,679		59
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		775		1,091		-		808		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-		-		-
Consumer and other loans		737		1,025		-		867		-

Total		20,100		25,284		-		21,798		123

With a related allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial		-		-		-		-		-
SBA		-		-		-		-		-
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		-		-		-		-		-
Non-owner occupied		-		-		-		-		-
Construction
Speculative		-		-		-		-		-
Non-speculative		-		-		-		-		-
SFR mortgage		13		13		13		13		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		-		-		-		-		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-		-		-
Consumer and other loans		70		101		70		85		-

Total		83		114		83		98		-

Total impaired loans	$	20,183	$	25,398	$	83	$	21,896	$	123


	As of and For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial	$	726	$	1,256	$	-	$	870	$	15
SBA		2,270		2,573		-		2,489		38
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		4,313		4,625		-		4,361		42
Non-owner occupied		3,855		5,155		-		4,010		72
Construction
Speculative		-		-		-		-		-
Non-speculative		-		-		-		-		-
SFR mortgage		4,550		5,345		-		4,620		109
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		829		1,091		-		1,035		1
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-		-		-
Consumer and other loans		356		571		-		381		-

Total		16,899		20,616		-		17,766		277

With a related allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial		19		20		2		42		1
SBA		3		20		3		7		-
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		-		-		-		-		-
Non-owner occupied		-		-		-		-		-
Construction
Speculative		-		-		-		-		-
Non-speculative		-		-		-		-		-
SFR mortgage		-		-		-		-		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		-		-		-		-		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-		-		-
Consumer and other loans		387		394		83		390		-

Total		409		434		88		439		1

Total impaired loans	$	17,308	$	21,050	$	88	$	18,205	$	278


	As of December 31, 2017
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance
	(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial	$	440	$	980	$	-
SBA		1,530		1,699		-
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		4,365		4,763		-
Non-owner occupied		3,768		5,107		-
Construction
Speculative		-		-		-
Non-speculative		-		-		-
SFR mortgage		4,040		4,692		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		829		1,091		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-
Consumer and other loans		174		370		-

Total		15,146		18,702		-

With a related allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial		-		-		-
SBA		1		18		1
Real estate:
Commercial real estate
Owner occupied		-		-		-
Non-owner occupied		-		-		-
Construction
Speculative		-		-		-
Non-speculative		-		-		-
SFR mortgage		-		-		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		-		-		-
Municipal lease finance receivables		-		-		-
Consumer and other loans		378		391		74

Total		379		409		75

Total impaired loans	$	15,525	$	19,111	$	75

The Company recognizes the charge-off of the impairment allowance on impaired loans in the period in which a loss is identified for collateral dependent loans. Therefore, the majority of the nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2018, December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2017 have already been written down to the estimated net realizable value. An allowance is recorded on impaired loans for the following: nonaccrual loans where a charge-off is not yet processed, nonaccrual SFR mortgage loans where there is a potential modification in process, or on smaller balance non-collateral dependent loans.

Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments

The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure relates to commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and undisbursed funds on lines of credit. The Company evaluates credit risk associated with the off-balance sheet loan commitments at the same time it evaluates credit risk associated with the loan and lease portfolio. There was no provision or recapture of provision for unfunded loan commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, and 2017. As a result of the acquisition of CB, the reserve for unfunded loan commitments increased by $2.9 million in the third quarter of 2018. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the balance in this reserve was $9.2 million and $6.3 million, respectively, and was included in other liabilities.

Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”)

Loans that are reported as TDRs are considered impaired and charge-off amounts are taken on an individual loan basis, as deemed appropriate. The majority of restructured loans are loans for which the terms of repayment have been renegotiated, resulting in a reduction in interest rate or deferral of principal. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for a more detailed discussion regarding TDRs.

As of September 30, 2018, there were $7.3 million of loans classified as a TDR, of which $3.5 million were nonperforming and $3.8 million were performing. TDRs on accrual status are comprised of loans that were accruing interest at the time of restructuring or have demonstrated repayment performance in compliance with the restructured terms for a sustained period and for which the Company anticipates full repayment of both principal and interest. At September 30, 2018, performing TDRs were comprised of 10 SFR mortgage loans of $2.5 million, one SBA loan of $588,000, one commercial real estate loan of $492,000, and two commercial and industrial loans of $142,000.

The majority of TDRs have no specific allowance allocated as any impairment amount is normally charged off at the time a probable loss is determined. We have allocated zero and $1,000 of specific allowance to TDRs as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

The following table provides a summary of the activity related to TDRs for the periods presented.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(Dollars in thousands)
Performing TDRs:
Beginning balance	$	4,530		$	16,574		$	4,809		$	19,233
New modifications		-			-			311			3,143
Payoffs/payments, net and other		(777	)		(10,839	)		(1,367	)		(13,826	)
TDRs returned to accrual status		-			-			-			329
TDRs placed on nonaccrual status		-			-			-			(3,144	)

Ending balance	$	3,753		$	5,735		$	3,753		$	5,735

Nonperforming TDRs:
Beginning balance	$	3,892		$	4,391		$	4,200		$	1,626
New modifications		278			-			316			2,066
Charge-offs		-			-			-			-
Payoffs/payments, net and other		(650	)		(81	)		(996	)		(2,197	)
TDRs returned to accrual status		-			-			-			(329	)
TDRs placed on nonaccrual status		-			-			-			3,144

Ending balance	$	3,520		$	4,310		$	3,520		$	4,310

Total TDRs	$	7,273		$	10,045		$	7,273		$	10,045

The following table summarizes loans modified as troubled debt restructurings for the period presented.

Modifications (1)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Number of Loans		Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Outstanding Recorded Investment at September 30, 2018		Financial Effect Resulting From Modifications (2)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial:
Interest rate reduction		-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Change in amortization period or maturity		-		-		-		-		-
Real estate:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied
Interest rate reduction		-		-		-		-		-
Change in amortization period or maturity		-		-		-		-		-
Non-owner occupied
Interest rate reduction		-		-		-		-		-
Change in amortization period or maturity		-		-		-		-		-
SFR mortgage:
Interest rate reduction		-		-		-		-		-
Change in amortization period or maturity		-		-		-		-		-
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness:
Interest rate reduction		-		-		-		-		-
Change in amortization period or maturity		-		-		-		-		-
Consumer:
Interest rate reduction		-		-		-		-		-
Change in amortization period or maturity		1		278		278		272		-

Total loans		1	$	278	$	278	$	272	$	-

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

Number of
Loans

Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment

Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment at
September 30, 2017

Financial Effect
Resulting From
Modifications (2)

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial and industrial:

Interest rate reduction