485BPOS 1 d485bpos.htm NATIONWIDE VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST - INCOME BOND FUND Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust - Income Bond Fund
Table of Contents

‘33 Act File No. 002-73024

‘40 Act File No. 811-03213

AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON MARCH 14, 2011

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

   x
  Post-Effective Amendment No. 144    x
  and/or   
 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

  
  Amendment No. 145    x
  (Check appropriate box or boxes)   

 

 

NATIONWIDE VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST

(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN CHARTER)

 

 

1000 CONTINENTAL DRIVE, SUITE 400

KING OF PRUSSIA, PA 19406

(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE) (ZIP CODE)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (610) 230-2800

 

 

 

   Send Copies of Communications to:   
ALLAN J. OSTER, ESQ.    BARBARA A. NUGENT, ESQ.   
1000 CONTINENTAL DRIVE, SUITE 400    STRADLEY RONON STEVENS & YOUNG, LLP   
KING OF PRUSSIA, PA 19406    2600 ONE COMMERCE SQUARE   
(NAME AND ADDRESS OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)    PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19103   

 

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective: (check appropriate box)

  x immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
  ¨ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (b)
  ¨ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
  ¨ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
  ¨ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
  ¨ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of rule 485.

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

  ¨ This post-effective amendment designated a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust

Prospectus  March 14, 2011

 

Fund and Class

NVIT Income Bond Fund Class II

 

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved the Fund’s shares or determined whether this Prospectus is complete or accurate. To state otherwise is a crime.

 

www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds

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Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  2       Fund Summary
  2       NVIT Income Bond Fund
 
  5       How the Fund Invests
  5       Objective and Principal Investment Strategies
  5       Principal Risks
 
  11       Fund Management
 
  13       Investing with Nationwide Funds
  13       Who Can Buy Shares of the Fund
  13       Purchase Price
  13       Fair Valuation
  14       Selling Shares
  14       Restrictions on Sales
  14       Excessive or Short-Term Trading
  14       Distribution and Services Plans
  15       Revenue Sharing
  16       Additional Information about Fees and Expenses
 
  17       Distributions and Taxes
 
  18       Financial Highlights

 

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FUND SUMMARY: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND

 

Objective

The Fund seeks primarily the preservation of capital and high liquidity, and secondarily, investment income consistent with the Fund’s primary objectives.

Fees and Expenses

This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay when buying and holding shares of the Fund. Sales charges and other expenses that may be imposed by variable insurance contracts are not included. See the variable insurance contract prospectus.

 

    

Class II

Shares

Shareholder Fees (paid directly from your investment)   None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)    
Management Fees   0.49%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees   0.25%
Other Expenses1   8.80%
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses2   0.35%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses   9.89%
Amount of Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement3   (8.89)%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Waivers/Reimbursements   1.00%

 

1 Since the Fund is new, “Other Expenses” are estimated based on the Fund’s projected average net assets for the current fiscal year ending December 31, 2011.

 

2 Acquired Fund fees and expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year ending December 31, 2011.

 

3 Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”) and Nationwide Fund Advisors (the “Adviser”) have entered into a written contract limiting operating expenses to 0.20% (excluding Rule 12b-1 fees, administrative services fees, acquired fund fees and expenses and certain other expenses) until at least May 1, 2012. The expense limitation agreement may be changed or eliminated at any time but only with the consent of the Board of Trustees of the Trust. The Trust is authorized to reimburse the Adviser for management fees previously waived and/or for expenses previously paid by the Adviser, provided, however, that any reimbursements must be paid at a date not more than three years after the fiscal year in which the Adviser waived the fees or reimbursed the expenses and the reimbursements do not cause the Fund to exceed the expense limitation that was in place at the time the Adviser waived the fees or reimbursed the expenses. More information about administrative services fees can be found in “Investing with Nationwide Funds” on page 15 of this Prospectus.

 

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FUND SUMMARY: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

Example

This Example is intended to help you to compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example, however, does not include charges that are imposed by variable insurance contracts. If these charges were reflected, the expenses listed below would be higher.

The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return each year and no change in expenses. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

     1 Year     3 Years  
Class II shares     $102        $2,060   

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. No portfolio turnover rate is disclosed as the Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus.

Principal Investment Strategies

The Fund is a “fund-of-funds” that invests in underlying portfolios of Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”) and unaffiliated mutual funds (including exchange-traded funds) (each, an “Underlying Fund” or collectively, “Underlying Funds”) representing several categories of fixed-income securities. The Fund is used in connection with certain guaranteed benefits available through variable annuity contracts issued by Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company (collectively, “Nationwide Life”), and is designed, as part of a specialized asset transfer program, to reduce a contract owner’s exposure to equity investments when such exposure exceeds the amount permitted under his or her variable annuity contract. Some of the Underlying Funds are “index” funds that invest directly in fixed-income securities with a goal of obtaining investment returns that closely track a benchmark bond index. The Fund also invests in some non-index Underlying Funds, which also invest directly in fixed-income securities, but which feature a more active approach to portfolio management. The investment adviser generally sells shares of Underlying Funds in order to meet target allocations or shareholder redemption activity. Although the Fund seeks to provide diversification across different types of fixed-income securities, the Fund is nondiversified as to issuers (i.e., Underlying Funds), and invests a significant portion of its assets in any one Underlying Fund.

By investing in the Underlying Funds, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in a wide variety of fixed-income securities that are investment grade, such as corporate bonds, U.S. government securities, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and commercial paper. The Fund also may invest a portion of its assets in high-yield bonds (commonly

known as “junk bonds”), as well as foreign government or corporate bonds that are denominated in U.S. dollars. Any of these securities may pay interest on either a fixed-rate or a variable-rate basis. The Fund seeks to achieve its objectives by investing in securities offering the highest level of expected income while simultaneously minimizing market price fluctuations. The Fund typically maintains an average portfolio maturity that may change within a broad range of short- to medium-term, depending on the performance, risk characteristics and liquidity of different sectors of the bond markets (or the bond markets overall), and their correlation to the performance of equity securities. Under normal circumstances, however, the Fund’s average weighted duration will not exceed seven years.

Principal Risks

The Fund cannot guarantee that it will achieve its investment objective.

As with any fund, the value of the Fund’s investments—and therefore, the value of Fund shares—may fluctuate. These changes may occur because of:

Asset allocation risk – the Fund is subject to different levels and combinations of risk based on its actual allocation among the various Underlying Funds. The potential impact of the risks related to an Underlying Fund depends on the size of the Fund’s investment allocation to it.

Performance risk – the Fund’s investment performance is directly tied to the performance of the Underlying Funds in which it invests. If one or more Underlying Funds fails to meet its investment objective, the Fund’s performance could be negatively affected.

Interest rate risk – generally, when interest rates go up, the value of fixed-income securities goes down.

Credit risk – a bond issuer may be unable to pay the interest or principal when due. If an issuer defaults, the Fund may lose money. This risk is particularly high for high-yield bonds.

Liquidity risk – is the risk that a security cannot be sold, or cannot be sold quickly, at an acceptable price.

Prepayment and call risk – certain bonds will be paid off by the issuer more quickly than anticipated. If this happens, the Underlying Fund may be required to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields.

Extension risk – when interests rates rise, certain bond obligations will be paid in full by the issuer more slowly than anticipated. This can cause the market value of the security to fall because the market may view its interest rate as low for a longer-term investment.

Mortgage- and asset-backed securities risk – through its investments in mortgage-backed securities, an Underlying Fund may have some exposure to subprime loans, as well as to the mortgage and credit markets generally. Subprime loans, which are loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories, have had in many cases higher default rates than loans that

 

 

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FUND SUMMARY: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

meet government underwriting requirements. The credit quality of most asset-backed securities depends primarily on the credit quality of the assets underlying such securities, how well the entity issuing the security is insulated from the credit risk of the originator or any other affiliated entities, and the amount and quality of any credit enhancement of the securities.

Foreign securities risk – foreign securities may be more volatile, harder to price and less liquid than U.S. securities.

High-yield bonds risk – investing in high-yield bonds (commonly known as “junk bonds”) and other lower-rated bonds will subject the Fund to substantial risk of loss.

Index fund risk – an Underlying Fund that seeks to match the performance of an index does not use defensive strategies or attempt to reduce its exposure to poor performing securities. Further, correlation between an Underlying Fund’s performance and that of an index may be negatively affected by the Underlying Fund’s expenses, changes in the composition of the index, and the timing of purchase and redemption of Underlying Fund shares.

Nondiversified fund risk – because the Fund may hold large positions in a small number of Underlying Funds, an increase or decrease in the value of the shares issued by these Underlying Funds may have a greater impact on the Fund’s value and total return.

Strategy risk – there is the risk that the investment adviser’s evaluations and allocation among Underlying Funds may be incorrect. Further, the investment adviser may add or delete Underlying Funds, or alter the Fund’s Underlying Fund allocations, at its discretion. Changes to the Fund’s Underlying Funds or allocations, or the lack thereof, could both affect the level of risk and the potential for gain or loss.

Fund-of-funds structure risk – there are certain risks associated with a structure whereby the Fund invests primarily in other mutual funds, including that the Fund will indirectly pay a proportional share of the fees and expenses of the Underlying Funds in which it invests.

If the value of the Fund’s investments goes down, you may lose money.

Performance

Performance information gives some indication of the risks of an investment in the Fund by comparing the Fund’s performance with a broad measure of market performance. Performance information is not provided because the Fund did not complete one full calendar year of operations as of the date of this Prospectus.

Portfolio Management

Investment Adviser

Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA” or the “Adviser”)

Portfolio Manager

 

Portfolio Manager   Title   Length of Service
Thomas R. Hickey Jr.   Vice President, NFA   Since April 2001

Tax Information

The dividends and distributions paid by the Fund to the insurance company separate accounts will consist of ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both. Because shares of the Fund must be purchased through separate accounts used to fund variable life and variable annuity insurance contracts, such dividends and distributions will be exempt from current taxation by contract holders if left to accumulate within a separate account. Consult the variable insurance contract prospectus for additional tax information.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

The Fund is only offered as an underlying investment option for variable insurance contracts. The Fund and its related companies may make payments to the sponsoring insurance companies (or their affiliates) for distribution and/or other services, and to broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries that distribute the variable insurance contracts. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the insurance companies to include the Fund as an underlying investment option in the variable insurance contracts, and by influencing the broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries to distribute variable insurance contracts that include the Fund as an underlying investment option over other variable insurance contracts or to otherwise recommend the selection of the Fund as an underlying investment option by contract owners instead of other funds that may also be available investment options. The prospectus (or other offering document) for your variable insurance contract may contain additional information about these payments.

 

 

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HOW THE FUND INVESTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND

 

Objective

The NVIT Income Bond Fund seeks primarily the preservation of capital and high liquidity, and secondarily, investment income consistent with the Fund’s primary objectives. This objective can be changed without shareholder approval upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders.

Principal Investment Strategies

The Fund is a “fund-of-funds” that invests in underlying portfolios of Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”) and unaffiliated mutual funds (including exchange-traded funds) (each, an “Underlying Fund” or collectively, “Underlying Funds”) representing several categories of fixed-income securities. The Fund is used in connection with certain guaranteed benefits available through variable annuity contracts issued by Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company (collectively, “Nationwide Life”), and is designed, as part of a specialized asset transfer program, to reduce a contract owner’s exposure to equity securities when such exposure exceeds the amount permitted under his or her variable annuity contract. Some of the Underlying Funds are “index” funds that invest directly in fixed-income securities with a goal of obtaining investment returns that closely track a benchmark bond index. The Fund also invests in some non-index Underlying Funds, which also invest directly in fixed-income securities, but which feature a more active approach to portfolio management.

By investing in the Underlying Funds, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in a wide variety of fixed-income securities that are investment grade, such as corporate bonds, U.S. government securities, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and commercial paper. These securities may pay interest on either a fixed-rate or a variable-rate basis. The Fund also may invest in fixed-income securities of foreign governments and corporate issuers that are denominated in U.S. dollars. The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in high-yield bonds (commonly known as “junk bonds”). The Fund seeks to achieve its objectives by investing in securities offering the highest level of expected income while simultaneously minimizing market price fluctuations. The Fund typically maintains an average portfolio maturity that may change within a broad range of short- to medium-term, depending on the performance, risk characteristics and liquidity of different sectors of the bond markets (or the bond markets overall), and their correlation to the performance of equity securities. Under normal circumstances, however, the Fund’s average weighted duration will not exceed seven years.

The Adviser selects Underlying Funds in light of their respective investment strategies, historical performance, expected return potential, and anticipated risks and volatility. The Adviser next establishes a target allocation among the Underlying Funds based on its evaluation of how various combinations of the Underlying Funds can best pursue the Fund’s investment objectives in light of prevailing economic and market conditions. The Adviser has the discretion to change the target

allocation at any time, as may be warranted by changing market or economic conditions. For example, when fixed-income securities with longer durations pose higher risks to liquidity or investment principal, the Adviser may reallocate the Fund’s investments in order to emphasize Underlying Funds featuring shorter duration and heightened liquidity. Alternatively, the Adviser may change target allocations opportunistically to take advantage of higher yielding investments where, in its opinion, risks to investment principal are less prominent.

 

Key Terms:

Fixed-income securities – securities, including bonds and other debt securities, that represent an obligation by the issuer to pay a specified rate of interest or dividend at specified times.

Equity securities – represent an ownership interest in the issuer. Common stocks are the most common type of equity securities.

Investment grade – the four highest rating categories of nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, including Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch.

U.S. government securities – are debt securities issued and/or guaranteed as to principal and interest by either the U.S. government, or by U.S. government agencies, U.S. government-sponsored enterprises and U.S. government instrumentalities. Securities issued or guaranteed directly by the U.S. government are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. Securities issued or guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, and enterprises sponsored by the U.S. government, are not direct obligations of the United States. Therefore, such securities may not be supported by the full faith and credit of the United States.

Mortgage-backed securities – fixed-income securities that give the holder the right to receive a portion of principal and/or interest payments made on a pool of residential or commercial mortgage loans, which in some cases are guaranteed by government agencies.

Asset-backed securities – fixed-income securities issued by a trust or other legal entity established for the purpose of issuing securities and holding certain assets, such as credit card receivables or auto leases, that pay down over time and generate sufficient cash to pay holders of the securities.

Commercial paper – short-term debt instruments, usually unsecured, that are issued by banks and corporations in order to finance their short-term credit needs, such as accounts receivable or inventory, and that are acquired at either a discount or are interest bearing.

High-yield bonds – commonly referred to as “junk bonds,” these fixed-income securities are rated below investment grade by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, such as Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s, or are unrated

 

 

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HOW THE FUND INVESTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

securities that an Underlying Fund’s adviser or subadviser believes to be of comparable quality. These bonds generally offer investors higher interest rates as a way to help compensate for the fact that the issuer is at greater risk of default.

Maturity – the date on which the principal amount of a bond is required to be paid to investors.

Duration – is a measure of how much the price of a bond would change compared to a change in market interest rates, based on the remaining time until a bond’s maturity together with other factors. A bond’s value drops when interest rates rise, and vice versa. Bonds with longer durations have higher risk and volatility.

The Underlying Funds

Although the Fund seeks to provide diversification across different types of fixed-income securities, it is nondiversified as to issuers, which means that it holds securities issued by a small number of issuers (i.e., the Underlying Funds) and may invest a significant portion of its assets in any one Underlying Fund.

Set forth below are the Underlying Funds currently selected to represent the various fixed-income securities in which the Fund invests. The Adviser reserves the right to add, delete or change Underlying Funds without notice to shareholders.

NVIT BOND INDEX FUND employs a “passive” management, or indexing, approach, designed to match approximately the performance of the Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (“Aggregate Bond Index”) before the deduction of Fund expenses. The Aggregate Bond Index represents a wide spectrum of public, investment-grade, fixed-income securities in the United States, including government, corporate, and international dollar-denominated bonds, as well as mortgage-backed securities. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in a statistically selected sampling of bonds and other fixed-income securities that are included in or correlated with the Aggregate Bond Index.

NVIT CORE BOND FUND seeks a high level of current income consistent with preserving capital by investing at least 80% of its net assets in a wide variety of investment grade fixed-income securities, such as corporate bonds, U.S. government securities, and mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. The Fund may also invest in high-yield bonds (commonly known as “junk bonds”), as well as foreign corporate and government bonds denominated in U.S. dollars. The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing in securities offering the highest level of expected income while simultaneously minimizing market price fluctuations.

NVIT SHORT TERM BOND FUND, under normal circumstances, invests at least 80% of its net assets in a wide variety of investment grade fixed-income securities, such as corporate bonds, U.S. government securities, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and commercial paper. These securities may

pay interest on either a fixed-rate or variable-rate basis. Up to 10% of the Fund’s net assets also may be invested in high-yield bonds (commonly known as “junk bonds”) In choosing securities, the Fund’s subadviser attempts to identify securities that, in its opinion, offer the best combination of yield, maturity and relative price performance, based on anticipated changes in interest rates and in the price relationships among various types of fixed-income securities. The Fund is managed so that its average portfolio duration generally will not exceed three years.

VANGUARD SHORT-TERM BOND ETF is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that employs a “passive” management, or indexing, approach, designed to match approximately the performance of the Barclays Capital U.S. 1-5 Year Government/Credit Float Adjusted Index (“1-5 Year Index”). The 1-5 Year Index includes all medium and larger issues of U.S. government, investment-grade corporate, and investment-grade international dollar-denominated bonds that have maturities between 1 and 5 years and are publicly issued. The Fund invests by sampling the 1-5 Year Index, meaning that it holds a range of securities that, in the aggregate, approximates the full 1-5 Year Index in terms of key risk factors and other characteristics. All of the Fund’s investments are selected through the sampling process, and at least 80% of the Fund’s assets are invested in bonds held in the 1-5 Year Index. The Fund maintains a dollar-weighted average maturity consistent with that of the 1-5 Year Index, which generally does not exceed three years.

 

 

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HOW THE FUND INVESTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

The allocations shown in the table below are the target allocations as of the date of this Prospectus (stated as the percentage of the Fund’s total assets). This means that, under normal circumstances, cash received by the Fund when it sells new shares is invested according to the allocations stated in the table, plus or minus 5% of the Fund’s total assets. However, day-to-day market activity will likely cause the value of the Fund’s allocations to fluctuate from the targets stated. The Adviser monitors the Fund’s holdings and cash flows and periodically realigns the Fund’s then-current Underlying Fund allocations back to its current target allocations. The Adviser generally sells shares of Underlying Funds in order to meet target allocations or shareholder redemption activity.

The Adviser reserves the right to change the target allocations at any time and without notice. The Fund may also invest in other mutual funds not identified herein that are chosen either to complement or replace the Underlying Funds.

 

UNDERLYING FUND      ALLOCATION  
NVIT Bond Index Fund        29%   
NVIT Core Bond Fund        27%   
NVIT Short Term Bond Fund        32%   
Vanguard Short-Term Bond ETF        12%   
Total        100%   

Because an investor is investing indirectly in the Underlying Funds through the Fund, he or she will pay a proportionate share of the applicable expenses of the Underlying Funds (including applicable management, administration and custodian fees), as well as the Fund’s direct expenses. The Underlying Funds will not charge any front-end sales loads, contingent deferred sales charges or Rule 12b-1 fees. The Adviser is also the investment adviser of each of the NVIT Bond Index Fund, NVIT Core Bond Fund and NVIT Short-Term Bond Fund.

*  *  *  *

Temporary investments – the Fund generally will be fully invested in accordance with its objective and strategies. However, pending investment of cash balances, or if the Adviser believes that business, economic, political or financial conditions warrant, the Fund may invest without limit in cash or money market cash equivalents. The use of temporary investments therefore is not a principal investment strategy, as it prevents the Fund from fully pursuing its investment objective, and the Fund may miss potential market upswings.

 

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HOW THE FUND INVESTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

Principal Risks

The Fund cannot guarantee that it will achieve its investment objective.

As with any mutual fund, the value of the Fund’s investments— and therefore, the value of Fund shares—may fluctuate, and you may lose money. These changes may occur because of the following risks:

Asset allocation risk – the Fund is subject to a particular level and combination of risk based on its actual allocation among the Underlying Funds. The potential impact of the risks related to an Underlying Fund depends on the size of the Fund’s investment allocation to it.

Performance risk – the Fund’s investment performance is directly tied to the performance of the Underlying Funds in which it invests. If one or more Underlying Funds fails to meet its investment objective, the Fund’s performance could be negatively affected. There can be no assurance that an Underlying Fund will achieve its objective.

Strategy risk – there is the risk that the Adviser’s evaluations and allocation among Underlying Funds may be incorrect. Further, the Adviser may add or delete Underlying Funds, or alter the Fund’s Underlying Fund allocations, at its discretion. Changes to the Fund’s Underlying Funds or allocations, or the lack thereof, could both affect the level of risk and the potential for gain or loss.

Fund-of-funds structure risk – there are certain risks associated with a structure whereby the Fund invests primarily in other mutual funds, including that the Fund will indirectly pay a proportional share of the fees and expenses of the Underlying Funds in which it invests. In managing the Fund, the Adviser has the authority to select and replace Underlying Funds. The Adviser could be subject to a potential conflict of interest in doing so because the Adviser is also the investment adviser to most of the Underlying Funds, and advisory fees paid to the Adviser by the Underlying Funds typically are higher than fees paid by the Fund. It is important to note, however, that the Adviser has a fiduciary duty to the Fund and must act in the Fund’s best interests.

Exchange-traded fund risk – The Fund may invest to a significant extent in shares of exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) to gain exposure to its investment objective. ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that generally seek to track the performance of a specific index. Although individual shares of an ETF are traded on an exchange (such as the New York Stock Exchange or NASDAQ), large blocks of ETF shares are redeemable at net asset value. This ability to redeem large blocks of shares has historically resulted in the market price of individual shares of ETFs being at or near their net asset values. However, shares of ETFs may trade below their net asset values. The trading prices of shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in an ETF’s net asset value as well as market supply and demand. The difference between the bid price and ask price, commonly referred to as the “spread,” will also vary for an ETF depending on the ETF’s trading volume and market liquidity. Generally, the

greater the trading volume and market liquidity, the smaller the spread is, and vice versa. Any of these factors may lead to an ETF’s shares trading at a premium or a discount to its net asset value. Because shares of an ETF are traded on an exchange, the Fund may incur the costs of brokerage commissions when it purchases or sells an ETF’s shares.

Nondiversified fund risk – because the Fund may hold large positions in a small number of Underlying Funds, an increase or decrease in the value of the shares issued by these Underlying Funds may have a greater impact on the Fund’s value and total return.

Risks Associated with Investments

Interest rate and inflation risk – increases in interest rates may decrease the value of debt securities held by an Underlying Fund. In general, prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Typically, the longer the maturity of a debt security, the more sensitive the debt security’s price will be to interest rate changes. Inflation risk is the risk to investments caused by market expectations of higher prices for goods and services. Inflationary expectations generally are associated with higher interest rates and, accordingly, higher yields and lower prices on fixed-rate debt securities. Because inflation reduces the purchasing power of income produced by existing fixed-rate debt securities, such as bonds and notes, the prices at which these securities trade will be reduced to compensate for the fact that the income they produce is worth less. This potential decrease in market value would be the measure of the inflation risk incurred by the Fund.

Credit risk – the risk that the issuer of a debt security will not make required interest payments and/or principal repayments when they are due. If an issuer defaults, the Fund may lose money. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. If an issuer’s financial condition changes, the ratings on the issuer’s debt securities may be lowered, which could negatively affect the prices of the securities an Underlying Fund owns. This risk is particularly high for medium-grade securities, high-yield bonds and other lower-rated securities. Credit ratings do not provide assurance against default or loss of money. If a security has not received a rating, the Underlying Fund must rely entirely on the credit assessment of the Underlying Fund’s adviser or subadviser.

Neither the U.S. government nor its agencies guarantee the market value of their securities, and interest rate changes, prepayments and other factors may affect the value of government securities. Some of the securities purchased by an Underlying Fund are issued by the U.S. government, such as Treasury notes, bills and bonds, and Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) pass-through certificates, and are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. government (the U.S. government has the power to tax its citizens to pay these debts) and are subject to little credit risk. Other securities issued by U.S. government agencies, authorities or instrumentalities, such as the Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) and Federal Home

 

 

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HOW THE FUND INVESTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. government, and are supported only by the credit of the issuer.

Government agency or instrumentality issues have different levels of credit support. GNMA pass-through mortgage certificates are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Although FNMA, FHLMC and the Federal Home Loan Banks are chartered by Acts of Congress, their securities are backed only by the credit of the respective instrumentality and are not issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government. Investors should remember that although certain government securities are guaranteed, market price and yield of the securities or net asset value and performance of the Fund are not guaranteed.

With the exception of high-yield bonds (discussed below), securities in which an Underlying Fund will invest generally will be rated within the top four rating categories by a rating agency. Ratings of securities purchased by an Underlying Fund are determined at the time of investment. Any subsequent rating downgrade of a debt obligation will be monitored generally by the Underlying Fund to consider what action, if any, it should take consistent with its investment objective. There is no requirement that any such securities must be sold if downgraded.

Obligations rated in the fourth-highest rating category by any rating agency are considered medium-grade securities. Medium-grade securities, although considered investment-grade, have speculative characteristics and may be subject to greater fluctuations in value than higher-rated securities. In addition, the issuers of medium-grade securities may be more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances than issuers of higher-rated securities.

A corporate event such as a restructuring, merger, leveraged buyout, takeover, or similar action may cause a decline in market value of an issuer’s securities or credit quality of its bonds due to factors including an unfavorable market response or a resulting increase in the company’s debt. Added debt may reduce significantly the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds, and may thereby affect the value of its equity securities as well.

High-yield bonds risk – to the extent an Underlying Fund invests in high-yield bonds (i.e., “junk bonds”) and other lower-rated bonds, the Underlying Fund will be subject to substantial risk of loss. Issuers of these securities are generally considered to be less financially secure and less able to repay interest and principal than issuers of investment-grade securities. Prices of high-yield bonds tend to be very volatile. These securities are less liquid than investment-grade debt securities and may be difficult to price or sell, particularly in times of negative sentiment toward high-yield bonds. An Underlying Fund’s investments in lower-rated securities may involve the following specific risks:

 

 

greater risk of loss due to default because of the increased likelihood that adverse economic or company-specific events will make the issuer unable to pay interest and/or principal when due;

 

wider price fluctuations due to changing interest rates and/or adverse economic and business developments and

 

greater risk of loss due to declining credit quality.

Asset-backed securities risk – like traditional fixed-income securities, the value of asset-backed securities typically increases when interest rates fall and decreases when interest rates rise. Certain asset-backed securities may also be subject to the risk of prepayment. In a period of declining interest rates, borrowers may pay what they owe on the underlying assets more quickly than anticipated. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the asset-backed securities. In addition, when an Underlying Fund reinvests the proceeds of a prepayment, it may receive a lower interest rate. In a period of rising interest rates, prepayments may occur at a slower rate than expected. As a result, the average maturity of an Underlying Fund’s portfolio may increase. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.

The credit quality of most asset-backed securities depends primarily on the credit quality of the assets underlying such securities, how well the entity issuing the security is insulated from the credit risk of the originator or any other affiliated entities, and the amount and quality of any credit enhancement of the securities. Unlike mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities may not have the benefit of any security interest in the related asset.

Mortgage-backed securities risk – these fixed-income securities represent the right to receive a portion of principal and/or interest payments made on a pool of residential or commercial mortgage loans. When interest rates fall, borrowers may refinance or otherwise repay principal on their loans earlier than scheduled. When this happens, certain types of mortgage-backed securities will be paid off more quickly than originally anticipated and an Underlying Fund will have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. This risk is known as “prepayment risk.” When interest rates rise, certain types of mortgage-backed securities will be paid off more slowly than originally anticipated and the value of these securities will fall if the market perceives the securities’ interest rates to be too low for a longer-term investment. This risk is known as “extension risk.” Because of prepayment risk and extension risk, mortgage-backed securities react differently to changes in interest rates than other fixed-income securities. Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities. Through its investments in mortgage-backed securities, including those issued by private lenders, an Underlying Fund may have some exposure to subprime loans, as well as to the mortgage and credit markets generally. Subprime loans refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments to their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had in many cases higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements. The risk of non-payment is greater for mortgage-backed securities issued by private lenders that contain subprime loans, but a level of risk exists for all loans.

 

 

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HOW THE FUND INVESTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND (cont.)

 

Foreign securities risk – foreign bonds may be more volatile, harder to price, and less liquid than U.S. securities. Foreign investments involve some of the following risks as well:

 

 

political and economic instability;

 

the impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 

reduced information about issuers;

 

higher transaction costs;

 

less stringent regulatory and accounting standards and

 

delayed settlement.

Additional risks include the possibility that a foreign jurisdiction might impose or increase withholding taxes on income payable with respect to foreign securities; the possible seizure, nationalization, or expropriation of the issuer or foreign deposits (in which the Underlying Fund could lose its entire investment in a certain market) and the possible adoption of foreign governmental restrictions such as exchange controls.

Foreign custody – an Underlying Fund that invests in foreign securities may hold such securities and cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business, and there may be limited or no regulatory oversight of their operations. The laws of certain countries may put limits on an Underlying Fund’s ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security, or any of their agents, goes bankrupt. In addition, it is often more expensive for an Underlying Fund to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount an Underlying Fund can earn on its investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for an Underlying Fund holding assets outside the United States.

Additional Risks that May Affect the Fund

Index fund risk – Underlying Funds that seek to match the performance of an index may not fully replicate their respective indexes and may perform differently from the securities in the index. To minimize this possibility, index funds attempt to be fully invested at all times and generally do not hold a significant portion of their assets in cash. Since index funds generally do not attempt to hedge against market declines, they may fall in value more than other mutual funds in the event of a general market decline. In addition, unlike an index fund, an index has no operating or other expenses. As a result, even though index funds attempt to track their indexes as closely as possible, they will tend to underperform the indexes to some degree over time.

Liquidity risk – the risk that a security cannot be sold, or cannot be sold quickly, at an acceptable price. An inability to sell a portfolio position can adversely affect an Underlying Fund’s value or prevent an Underlying Fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Liquidity risk may also refer to the risk that an Underlying Fund will be unable to pay redemption proceeds within the allowable time period because of unusual market conditions, an unusually high

volume of redemption requests, or other reasons. To meet redemption requests, an Underlying Fund may be forced to sell liquid securities at an unfavorable time and conditions. Underlying Funds that invest in fixed-income securities, such as mortgage-backed securities and high-yield bonds, especially will be subject to the risk that during certain periods, the liquidity of particular issuers will shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse economic, market or political events, or adverse investor perceptions, whether or not accurate.

If the value of a Fund’s investments goes down, you may lose money.

The Fund may invest in or use other types of investments or strategies not shown here that do not represent principal investment strategies or raise principal risks. More information about these non-principal investments, strategies and risks is available in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).

*  *  *  *  *

Selective Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

The Fund posts onto the Internet site for the Trust (www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds) substantially all of its securities holdings as of the end of each month. Such portfolio holdings are available no earlier than 15 calendar days after the end of the previous month, and generally remain available on the Internet site until the Fund files its next quarterly portfolio holdings report on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q with the Securities and Exchange Commission. A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures regarding the release of portfolio holdings information is available in the Fund’s SAI.

 

 

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FUND MANAGEMENT

 

Investment Adviser

Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA” or the “Adviser”), 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, manages the investment of the Fund’s assets and supervises the daily business affairs of the Fund. NFA was organized in 1999 as an investment adviser for mutual funds. NFA is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.

NFA allocates the Fund’s assets according to its target allocations among the Underlying Funds. NFA then monitors these allocations, as well as factors that could influence the allocations, such as market and economic conditions. For these services, the Fund pays NFA an annual management fee. This fee is in addition to the investment advisory fees paid to NFA by any affiliated Underlying Funds in which the Fund invests. NFA believes and the Board of Trustees of the Trust (“Board of Trustees”) concurs that the fee paid to NFA is for services in addition to the services provided by such Underlying Funds and does not duplicate those services.

The Fund pays NFA an annual management fee of 0.49% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets.

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the investment advisory agreement for the Fund will be available in the Fund’s semiannual report to shareholders, which will cover the period ending June 30, 2011.

Portfolio Management

Thomas R. Hickey Jr. is the Fund’s portfolio manager and is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund in accordance with the allocations to each of the Underlying Funds. Mr. Hickey joined NFA in April 2001 and is currently a Vice President of NFA. Since September 2007, Mr. Hickey has been the lead manager for all NFA asset allocation strategies.

Additional Information about the Portfolio Manager

The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and the portfolio manager’s ownership of securities in the Fund, if any.

 

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MULTI-MANAGER STRUCTURE

 

The Adviser and the Trust have received an exemptive order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for a multi-manager structure that allows the Adviser to hire, replace or terminate a subadviser (excluding hiring a subadviser which is an affiliate of the Adviser) without the approval of shareholders. The order also allows the Adviser to revise a subadvisory agreement with an unaffiliated subadviser with the approval of the Board of Trustees but without shareholder approval. Currently, the Fund is managed directly by the Adviser, but if a new unaffiliated subadviser is hired for the Fund, shareholders will receive information about the new subadviser within 90 days of the change. The exemptive order allows the Fund greater flexibility, enabling it to operate more efficiently.

The Adviser has no current intention to hire a subadviser for the Fund, although it may at some point in the future. In instances where the Adviser would hire a subadviser, the Adviser would perform the following oversight and evaluation services to a subadvised Fund:

 

 

initial due diligence on prospective Fund subadvisers;

 

monitoring subadviser performance, including ongoing analysis and periodic consultations;

 

communicating performance expectations and evaluations to the subadvisers; and

 

making recommendations to the Board of Trustees regarding renewal, modification or termination of a subadviser’s contract.

If the Adviser were to recommend subadviser changes, the Adviser would provide written reports to the Board of Trustees regarding its evaluation and monitoring of the subadviser. Although the Adviser would monitor the subadviser’s performance, there is no certainty that any subadviser or Fund will obtain favorable results at any given time.

 

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INVESTING WITH NATIONWIDE FUNDS

 

Who Can Buy Shares of the Fund

Shares of the NVIT Income Bond Fund are currently sold to separate accounts of Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company (collectively, “Nationwide Life”) to fund benefits payable under variable life insurance policies and variable annuity contracts (collectively, “variable insurance contracts”) under the Fund’s “Mixed and Shared” Exemptive Order (“Order”). Permitting both variable life insurance separate accounts and variable annuity separate accounts to invest in the same Funds is known as “mixed funding.” Shares of the Fund are not sold to individual investors.

Currently, the Fund is used solely in connection with certain living benefit programs under Nationwide Life variable annuity contracts, including certain “guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit” programs. In order for Nationwide Life to manage the guarantees offered in connection with these benefit programs, Nationwide Life generally requires contract owners to participate in certain specialized asset transfer programs under which Nationwide Life will monitor each contract owner’s account value and, if necessary, will systematically transfer amounts between the subaccounts the contract owner has selected and subaccounts investing in the Fund. The transfers are based on mathematical formulas which generally focus on the amounts guaranteed at specific future dates or the present value of the estimated lifetime payments to be made. Contract owners may not otherwise select the Fund as an investment option underlying their variable annuity contracts, nor may they choose to allocate variable account assets to any subaccount that invests in the Fund. Please check with Nationwide Life to determine if the Fund is featured with your variable annuity contract. More information about the living benefit programs that feature the Fund, the asset transfer programs that allocate contract account assets into and out of the Fund, and the mathematical formulas on which such asset transfer programs are based may be found in the Prospectus of the separate account of your specific variable annuity contract.

The distributor for the Fund is Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC (“NFD” or the “Distributor”).

Purchase Price

The purchase price of each share of the Fund is its net asset value (“NAV”) next determined after the order is received in good order by the Fund or its agents. No sales charge is imposed on the purchase of the Fund’s shares; however, your variable insurance contract may impose a sales charge. Generally, net assets are based on the market value of the securities and other assets owned by the Fund less its liabilities. The NAV is determined by dividing the total market value of the securities and other assets of the Fund, less its liabilities, by the total number of the Fund’s outstanding shares. NAV is determined at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (usually 4 p.m. Eastern Time) (“Exchange”) on each day the Exchange is open for trading. The Fund may reject any order to buy shares and may suspend the sale of shares at

any time. The Fund does not calculate NAV on the following days:

 

 

New Year’s Day

 

Martin Luther King, Jr. Day

 

Presidents’ Day

 

Good Friday

 

Memorial Day

 

Independence Day

 

Labor Day

 

Thanksgiving Day

 

Christmas Day

 

Other days when the Exchange is closed.

To the extent that the Fund’s investments are traded in markets that are open when the Exchange is closed, the value of the Fund’s investments may change on days when shares cannot be purchased or redeemed.

Fair Valuation

The Board of Trustees has adopted Valuation Procedures governing the method by which individual portfolio securities held by the Fund are valued in order to determine the Fund’s NAV. Investments in other registered open-end mutual funds are valued based on the NAV for those mutual funds, which in turn may use fair value pricing, as discussed in their respective prospectuses. Shares of exchange-traded funds are valued based on the prices at which they trade on the stock exchanges on which they are listed. Where such market quotations or Underlying Fund NAV are either unavailable or are deemed by the Adviser to be unreliable, a Fair Valuation Committee, consisting of employees of the Adviser, meets to determine a manual “fair valuation” in accordance with the Valuation Procedures. In addition, the Fair Valuation Committee will “fair value” securities whose value is affected by a “significant event.” Pursuant to the Valuation Procedures, any “fair valuation” decisions are subject to the review of the Board of Trustees.

A “significant event” is defined by the Valuation Procedures as an event that materially affects the value of a domestic or foreign security that occurs after the close of the principal market on which such security trades but before the calculation of the Fund’s (and that of each Underlying Fund in which it invests) NAV. Significant events that could affect individual portfolio securities may include corporate actions such as reorganizations, mergers and buy-outs, corporate announcements on earnings, significant litigation, regulatory news such as government approvals and news relating to natural disasters affecting an issuer’s operations. Significant events that could affect a large number of securities in a particular market may include significant market fluctuations, market disruptions or market closings, governmental actions or other developments or natural disasters or armed conflicts that affect a country or region. Due to the time differences between the closings of the relevant foreign securities exchanges and the time that an Underlying Fund’s NAV is calculated, an Underlying Fund may fair value its foreign investments more frequently than it does other securities. When fair value prices are utilized, these prices

 

 

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INVESTING WITH NATIONWIDE FUNDS (cont.)

 

will attempt to reflect the impact of the financial markets’ perceptions and trading activities on an Underlying Fund’s foreign investments since the last closing prices of the foreign investments were calculated on their primary foreign securities markets or exchanges. For these purposes, the Board of Trustees has determined that movements in relevant indices or other appropriate market indicators, after the close of the foreign securities exchanges, may demonstrate that market quotations are unreliable, and may trigger fair value pricing for certain securities. Consequently, fair value pricing of foreign securities may occur on a daily basis, for instance, using data furnished by an independent pricing service that draws upon, among other information, the market values of foreign investments. Therefore, the fair values assigned to an Underlying Fund’s foreign investments may not be the quoted or published prices of the investments on their primary markets or exchanges. By fair valuing a security whose price may have been affected by significant events or by news after the last market pricing of the security, the Fund and the Underlying Funds each attempt to establish a price that they might reasonably expect to receive upon the current sale of that security. These procedures are intended to help ensure that the prices at which the Fund’s shares are purchased and redeemed are fair, and do not result in dilution of shareholder interests or other harm to shareholders. In the event the Fund values its securities using the procedures described above, the Fund’s NAV may be higher or lower than would have been the case if the Fund had not used its Valuation Procedures.

Selling Shares

Subject to certain restrictions described below, shares may be sold (redeemed) by Nationwide Life separate accounts at any time as required by the mathematical formula(s) related to the asset transfer program of the variable annuity contracts that feature the Fund. The redemption price is the NAV per share next determined after the order is received in good order by the Fund or its agent. Of course, the value of the shares redeemed may be more or less than their original purchase price depending upon the market value of the Fund’s investments at the time of the redemption. A variable insurance contract owner should review the Prospectus for his or her annuity contract in order to obtain further information and details relating to the asset transfer program and when Fund shares will be redeemed by the Nationwide Life separate account.

Restrictions on Sales

Shares of the Fund may not be redeemed or the Fund may delay paying the proceeds from a redemption when the Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or if trading is restricted or an emergency exists (as determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)).

Excessive or Short-Term Trading

Shares of the Fund may be purchased and redeemed by separate accounts of Nationwide Life that are used solely in

connection with specific benefit programs available through variable annuity contracts issued by Nationwide Life. These annuity contracts feature an asset transfer program pursuant to which Nationwide Life will systematically transfer amounts between the subaccounts the contract owner has selected and subaccounts investing in the Fund. The transfers are based on mathematical formulas which generally focus on the amounts guaranteed at specific future dates or the present value of the estimated lifetime payments to be made. Because contract owners, under operation of their annuity contracts, are not permitted to initiate purchases and redemptions of the Fund’s shares, the Board of Trustees has not adopted and implemented policies and procedures to detect, discourage and prevent excessive short-term trading in the Fund (often described as “market timing”), as it has with respect to most other NVIT Funds. The Fund may be more or less affected by short-term trading in Fund shares, depending on various factors such as the performance and volatility of the equity markets, the size of the Fund, the amount of assets the Fund typically maintains in cash or cash equivalents, the dollar amount, number and frequency of trades in Fund shares and other factors. While the Adviser believes that frequent sales and redemptions of the Fund’s shares within a short period of time are unlikely to result from the asset transfer program, to the extent any such activity does occur, it may:

 

 

disrupt the Fund’s portfolio management strategies;

 

increase the Fund’s brokerage and other transaction costs and

 

negatively impact the Fund’s performance for all variable annuity contract owners whose account assets are invested in the Fund.

Because the Fund is structured as a “fund-of-funds,” excessive trading in the Fund’s shares could cause frequent short-term sales and redemptions of the shares of the Underlying Funds, thereby in turn disrupting their portfolio management strategies, increasing their brokerage and other transaction costs, and negatively impacting their performance for all shareholders who invest in the Underlying Funds. Unlike the Fund, each of the NVIT Bond Index Fund, NVIT Core Bond Fund and NVIT Short Term Bond Fund (the “Affiliated Underlying Funds”) does seek to discourage excessive or short-term trading of its shares. As the investment adviser to each of the Affiliated Underlying Funds, NFA monitors the trading activity in the shares of the Affiliated Underlying Funds to ensure that neither the asset transfer program nor the Fund’s investments in the Affiliated Underlying Funds contributes to excessive or short-term trading of their shares. In the event that NFA determines that excessive or short-term trading in any of the Affiliated Underlying Funds has occurred, it will consult with the Board of Trustees to consider what appropriate action should be taken.

Distribution and Services Plans

Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, these fees will increase the cost of your investment over time and may cost you more than paying other types of charges.

 

 

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INVESTING WITH NATIONWIDE FUNDS (cont.)

 

Distribution Plan

In addition to expenses that may be imposed by variable insurance contracts, the Trust has adopted a Distribution Plan under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act, which permits the Funds to compensate the Distributor for expenses associated with distributing and selling Class II shares of the Fund and providing shareholder services. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund pays the Distributor from its Class II shares a fee that is accrued daily and paid monthly. The amount of this fee shall not exceed an annual amount of 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund’s Class II shares. The Distribution Plan may be terminated at any time as to any share class of a Fund, without payment of any penalty, by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that share class.

Administrative Services Plan

In addition to 12b-1 fees, shares of the Fund are also subject to fees pursuant to an Administrative Services Plan adopted by the Trust’s Board of Trustees. These fees are paid by the Fund to insurance companies or their affiliates who provide administrative support services to variable insurance contract holders on behalf of the Fund. Under the Administrative Services Plan, the Fund may pay an insurance company or its affiliates a maximum annual fee of 0.25% for Class II shares; however, many insurance companies do not charge the maximum permitted fee or even a portion thereof. For the current fiscal year ending December 31, 2011, the administrative services fee is expected to be 0.20% for Class II shares of the Fund.

Revenue Sharing

NFA and/or its affiliates (collectively “Nationwide Funds Group” or “NFG”) often make payments for marketing, promotional or related services provided by:

 

 

insurance companies that offer subaccounts in the Fund as underlying investment options in variable annuity contracts or

 

broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries that sell variable insurance contracts that include such investment options.

These payments are often referred to as “revenue sharing payments.” The existence or level of such payments may be based on factors that include, without limitation, differing levels or types of services provided by the insurance company, broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the expected level of assets or sales of shares, the placing of the Fund on a recommended or preferred list, access to an intermediary’s personnel and other factors. Revenue sharing payments are paid from NFG’s own legitimate profits and other of its own resources (not from the Fund) and may be in addition to any Rule 12b-1 payments that are paid. The Board of Trustees will monitor these revenue sharing arrangements as well as the payment of advisory fees paid by the Fund to ensure that the level of such advisory fees do not involve the indirect use of the Fund’s assets to pay for marketing, promotional or related services. Because

revenue sharing payments are paid by NFG, and not from the Fund’s assets, the amount of any revenue sharing payments is determined by NFG. In addition to the revenue sharing payments described above, NFG may offer other incentives to sell variable insurance contract subaccounts in the form of sponsorship of educational or other client seminars relating to current products and issues, assistance in training or educating an intermediary’s personnel, and/or entertainment or meals. These payments may also include, at the direction of a retirement plan’s named fiduciary, amounts to a retirement plan intermediary to offset certain plan expenses or otherwise for the benefit of plan participants and beneficiaries.

The recipients of such incentives may include:

 

 

the Distributor and other affiliates of NFA;

 

broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries that sell such variable insurance contracts and

 

insurance companies, such as Nationwide Life, that include shares of the Fund as an underlying subaccount option.

Payments may be based on current or past sales of subaccounts investing in shares of the Fund, current or historical assets, or a flat fee for specific services provided. In some circumstances, such payments may create an incentive for an insurance company or intermediary or their employees or associated persons to:

 

 

recommend a particular variable insurance contract or specific subaccounts representing shares of the Fund instead of recommending options offered by competing insurance companies or

 

sell shares of the Fund instead of shares of funds offered by competing fund families.

Notwithstanding the revenue sharing payments described above, NFA and all subadvisers to the Trust are prohibited from considering a broker-dealer’s sale of any of the Trust’s shares, or the inclusion of the Trust’s shares in an insurance contract provided by an insurance affiliate of the broker- dealer, in selecting such broker-dealer for the execution of Fund (or Underlying Fund) portfolio transactions, except as may be specifically permitted by law. Fund (and Underlying Fund) portfolio transactions nevertheless may be affected with broker-dealers who coincidentally may have assisted customers in the purchase of variable insurance contracts that feature subaccounts in the Fund’s (or Underlying Funds’) shares issued by Nationwide Life, although neither such assistance nor the volume of shares sold of the Trust or any affiliated investment company is a qualifying or disqualifying factor in NFA’s or a subadviser’s selection of such broker-dealer for portfolio transaction execution. The insurance company that provides your variable insurance contract may also make similar revenue sharing payments to broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries in order to promote the sale of such insurance contracts. Contact your insurance provider and/or financial intermediary for details about revenue sharing payments it may pay or receive.

 

 

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INVESTING WITH NATIONWIDE FUNDS (cont.)

 

Additional Information about Fees and Expenses

Since the Fund is new, the fees and expenses of the Fund that appear in the Fund Summary are estimated based on the Fund’s projected average net assets for the current fiscal year ending December 31, 2011. Such fees and expenses do not reflect any change in expense ratios resulting from a change in assets under management as estimated. A decline in the Fund’s average net assets, as a result of market volatility, the asset transfer program featured in annuity contracts that invest in the Fund, or other factors, could cause the Fund’s expense ratio to be higher than the fees and expenses shown in the Fund Summary and thereby adversely impact the Fund’s performance. Significant declines in a Fund’s net assets will increase your Fund’s total expense ratio, likely significantly, and decrease the Fund’s performance. A Fund with a higher expense ratio means you could pay more if you buy or hold shares of the Fund. Annualized expense ratios for the period ending June 30, 2011 and the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 will be available in the Fund’s semiannual report and annual report, respectively, which will be available on www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds.

 

 

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DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

 

Dividends and Distributions

The Fund (including each Underlying Fund) has qualified, or intends to qualify, to be treated as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code. As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally pays no federal income tax on the income and gains it distributes. The Fund expects to declare and distribute all of its net investment income, if any, as dividends quarterly in the form of additional shares of the Fund. The Fund will distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually. The Fund may distribute such income dividends and capital gains more frequently, if necessary, in order to reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund. The Fund automatically reinvests any capital gains. The amount of any distribution will vary, and there is no guarantee the Fund will pay either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution.

Tax Status

Shares of the Fund must be purchased through separate accounts used to fund variable insurance contracts. As a result, it is anticipated that any income dividends or capital gains distributed by the Fund will be exempt from current taxation by contract holders if left to accumulate within a separate account. Withdrawals from such contracts may be subject to ordinary income tax plus a 10% penalty tax if made before age 59 1/2. Investors should ask their own tax advisors for more information on their tax situation, including possible state or local taxes. For more information on taxes, please refer to the accompanying prospectus of the annuity program through which shares of the Fund are offered.

Please refer to the Statement of Additional Information for more information regarding the tax treatment of the Fund.

This discussion of “Distributions and Taxes” is not intended or written to be used as tax advice. Contract owners should consult their own tax professional about their tax situation.

 

 

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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS: NVIT INCOME BOND FUND

Financial information is not provided because the Fund did not begin operations as of the date of this Prospectus.

 

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Information from Nationwide Funds

Please read this Prospectus before you invest, and keep it with your records. This Prospectus is intended for use in connection with variable insurance contracts. The following documents – which may be obtained free of charge – contain additional information about the Fund:

 

 

Statement of Additional Information (incorporated by reference into this Prospectus)

 

 

Annual Reports (which contain discussions of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year)

 

 

Semiannual Reports

To obtain a document free of charge, to request other information about the Fund, or to make inquires to the Fund, call 800-848-6331, visit www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds or contact your variable insurance provider.

Information from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)

You can obtain copies of Fund documents from the SEC (the SEC charges a fee to copy any documents except when accessing Fund documents directly from on the SEC’s EDGAR database):

 

 

on the SEC’s EDGAR database via the Internet at www.sec.gov

 

 

by electronic request to publicinfo@sec.gov

 

 

in person at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. (call 202-551-8090 for their hours of operation)

 

 

by mail by sending your request to Securities and Exchange Commission Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-1520 (the SEC charges a fee to copy any documents except when accessing Fund documents directly on the SEC’s EDGAR database).

Nationwide Funds Group

1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400

King of Prussia, PA 19406

The Trust’s Investment Company Act File No.: 811-3213

Nationwide, Nationwide Financial, the Nationwide framemark, Nationwide Funds,

Nationwide Funds Group and On Your Side are service

marks of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company.

 

NPR-IB 3/11   © 2011 Nationwide Funds Group. All rights  reserved


Table of Contents

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

March 14, 2011

NATIONWIDE VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST

 

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund

Class I

Class II

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

Class II

Class VI

NVIT Income Bond Fund

Class II

  

Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust, is a registered open-end, management investment company currently consisting of 56 series as of the date above. This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) relates only to the series of the Trust which are listed above (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”).

Terms not defined in this SAI have the meanings assigned to them in the Prospectuses. The Prospectuses may be obtained from Nationwide Funds, P.O. Box 5354, Cincinnati, Ohio 45201-5354, or by calling toll free 1-800-848-6331.

This SAI is not a prospectus but this SAI is incorporated by reference into the Prospectuses for the Funds. It contains information in addition to and more detailed than that set forth in the Prospectuses and should be read in conjunction with the following Prospectuses:


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NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund; NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund; NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund; NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund; NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund; NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund; and NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund (the “Cardinal Funds”) dated May 1, 2010.

 

   

NVIT Income Bond Fund dated March 14, 2011.

 

   

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund; NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund; NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund; NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund; NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund; NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund; and NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund (the “Investor Destinations Funds”) dated May 1, 2010.

THE TRUST’S INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE NO.: 811-03213

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS    PAGE

General Information and History

   1

Additional Information on Portfolio Instruments, Strategies and Investment Policies

   1

Portfolio Turnover

   42

Investment Restrictions

   42

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

   44

Trustees and Officers of the Trust

   45

Investment Advisory and Other Services

   59

Brokerage Allocation

   67

Purchases, Redemptions and Pricing of Shares

   69

Additional Information

   71

Tax Status

   74

Other Tax Consequences

   76

Tax Consequences to Shareholders

   78

Major Shareholders

   78

Financial Statements

   78

Appendix A - Debt Ratings

   A-1

Appendix B - Proxy Voting Guidelines Summaries

   B-1

Appendix C - Portfolio Managers

   C-1

Appendix D - 5% Shareholders

   D-1

 

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GENERAL INFORMATION AND HISTORY

Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”) is an open-end management investment company organized under the laws of Delaware by an Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated October 28, 2004, as amended and restated on June 17, 2009. The Trust currently offers shares in 56 separate series, each with its own investment objective.

The Funds are not diversified funds as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”).

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON PORTFOLIO INSTRUMENTS, STRATEGIES AND INVESTMENT POLICIES

The Funds invest in a variety of securities and employ a number of investment techniques, which involve certain risks. The Prospectuses discuss each Fund’s principal investment strategies, investment techniques and risks. Therefore, you should carefully review a Fund’s Prospectus. This SAI contains information about non-principal investment strategies the Funds may use, as well as further information about certain principal strategies that are discussed in the Prospectuses.

With respect to the Funds, this SAI uses the term “Fund” to include the underlying mutual funds or other investments (“Underlying Funds”) in which such Funds invest. Please review the discussions in the Prospectuses for further information regarding the investment objectives and policies of each Fund, including their respective Underlying Funds.

The Funds are “funds-of-funds,” which means that each Fund invests primarily in other mutual funds. The Prospectuses discuss the investment objectives and strategies for the Funds and explain the types of Underlying Funds in which each Fund may invest. Underlying Funds invest in stocks, bonds and other securities and reflect varying amounts of potential investment risk and reward. Each Fund allocates its assets among the different Underlying Funds, and each Fund is permitted to invest in the Nationwide Contract (described in more detail below). The NVIT Income Bond Fund reserves the right at any time in the future, subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees, to cease operating as a fund-of-funds and invest directly in portfolio securities.

This SAI relates to the Cardinal Funds (defined below), the NVIT Income Bond Fund, and the Investor Destinations Funds (defined below).

The Cardinal Funds include the following Funds:

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund

NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund

The Investor Destinations Funds include the following Funds:

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

 

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The following is a list of the mutual funds that are part of the Nationwide group of funds (the “Nationwide Funds”) that the Funds may currently invest in. The Funds may also invest in unaffiliated funds. At present only the NVIT Income Bond Fund invests in unaffiliated funds. This list may be updated from time to time. Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA” or the “Adviser”) has employed a subadviser(s) for each Underlying Fund listed below. Each of the Underlying Funds is described in its respective prospectus.

Cardinal Funds

 

   

NVIT Core Bond Fund

 

   

NVIT Core Plus Bond Fund

 

   

NVIT Money Market Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Growth Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund

 

   

NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund

 

   

NVIT Short Term Bond Fund

NVIT Income Bond Fund

 

   

NVIT Bond Index Fund

 

   

NVIT Core Bond Fund

 

   

NVIT Short Term Bond Fund

Investor Destinations Funds

 

   

NVIT Bond Index Fund

 

   

NVIT Enhanced Income Fund

 

   

NVIT International Index Fund

 

   

NVIT Mid Cap Index Fund

 

   

NVIT Money Market Fund

 

   

NVIT S&P 500 Index Fund

 

   

NVIT Small Cap Index Fund

 

   

Nationwide International Index Fund

FUND-OF-FUNDS INVESTING

Each Fund is a “fund-of-funds” that seeks to meet its respective objective by investing in shares of other investment companies. The Trust has obtained an exemptive order from the SEC which generally permits, subject to the conditions stated in the exemptive order, the Funds to invest up to 100% of their respective assets in shares of other investment companies. A Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by an investment company in which it invests in addition to the advisory fee paid by a Fund. Some of the countries in which a Fund may invest may not permit direct investment by outside investors. Investments in such countries may only be permitted through foreign government-approved or government-authorized investment vehicles, which may include other investment companies.

Investment Strategies

Cardinal Funds and Investor Destinations Funds

The Cardinal Funds and Investor Destinations Funds strive to provide shareholders with a high level of diversification across major asset classes primarily through both professionally designed asset allocation models and

 

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professionally selected investments in the Underlying Funds. NFA first determines each Fund’s asset class allocation. NFA bases this decision on each Fund’s anticipated risk level, the expected return potential of each asset class, the anticipated risks or volatility of each asset class and similarities or differences in the typical investment cycle of the various asset classes. NFA has engaged Ibbotson Associates, Inc., a registered investment adviser and wholly-owned subsidiary of Morningstar, Inc., to provide asset allocation consulting services to NFA in connection with the development and periodic review of a Fund’s target allocation and selection of Underlying Funds. However, NFA ultimately has sole responsibility for determining each Fund’s asset class allocation and its investments in Underlying Funds. Second, once the asset allocation is determined, NFA selects the Underlying Funds. In general, a Fund may not invest in all Underlying Funds identified in the Prospectus or this SAI, but instead may select a limited number of Underlying Funds considered most appropriate for each Fund’s investment objective. In selecting Underlying Funds, NFA considers a variety of factors in the context of current economic and market conditions, including an Underlying Fund’s investment strategy, risk profile and historical performance.

NVIT Income Bond Fund

The NVIT Income Bond Fund invests in Underlying Funds representing several categories of fixed-income securities. The Fund is used in connection with certain guaranteed benefits available through variable annuity contracts issued by Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company (collectively, “Nationwide Life”), and is designed, as part of a specialized asset transfer program, to reduce a contract owner’s exposure to equity investments when such exposure exceeds the amount permitted under his or her variable annuity contract. NFA selects Underlying Funds in light of their respective investment strategies, historical performance, expected return potential, and anticipated risks and volatility. NFA next establishes a target allocation among the Underlying Funds based on its evaluation of how various combinations of the Underlying Funds can best pursue the Fund’s investment objectives in light of prevailing economic and market conditions. NFA has the discretion to change the target allocation at any time, as may be warranted by changing market or economic conditions. For example, when fixed-income securities with longer durations pose higher risks to liquidity or investment principal, NFA may reallocate the Fund’s investments in order to emphasize Underlying Funds featuring shorter duration and heightened liquidity. Alternatively, NFA may change target allocations opportunistically to take advantage of higher yielding investments where, in its opinion, risks to investment principal are less prominent.

All Funds

The potential rewards and risks associated with each Fund depend on both the asset class allocation and the chosen mix of Underlying Funds. NFA periodically reviews asset class allocations (where applicable) and continually monitors the mix of Underlying Funds, and will make changes either to the asset class allocations (as applicable), the mix of Underlying Funds, or the Underlying Funds themselves in seeking to meet the investment objective of each Fund. There can be no guarantee, however, that any of the Funds will meet its respective objective.

Many of the Underlying Funds in which the Investor Destinations Funds and the NVIT Income Bond Fund invest, such as index funds and index exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), follow “passive” investment strategies. Unlike active managers, portfolio managers that follow passive investment strategies do not buy or sell securities based on analysis of economic, market or individual security analysis. Instead, the portfolio managers of these Underlying Funds seek to assemble portfolios of securities expected to approximately match the performance of specifically designated indexes. The portfolio managers generally make changes to such Underlying Fund portfolio holdings only as needed to maintain alignment with the respective index. A potential benefit of passively managed index funds is low shareholder expenses, which may enhance returns.

The investment performance of each Fund is directly related to the investment performance of the Underlying Funds. The ability of a Fund to meet its investment objective depends upon the allocation of the Fund’s assets among the Underlying Funds and the ability of an Underlying Fund to meet its own investment objective. It is possible that an Underlying Fund will fail to execute its investment strategies effectively. As a result, an Underlying Fund may not meet its investment objective, which would affect a Fund’s investment performance.

 

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There can be no assurance that the investment objective of any Fund or any Underlying Fund will be achieved. Further, any changes made in the Underlying Funds, such as changes in investment objectives or strategies, may affect the performance of the Funds that invest in the Underlying Funds.

Securities of Investment Companies

SPDRs and other Exchange Traded Funds. A Fund may invest in Standard & Poor’s Depository Receipts (“SPDRs”) and in shares of other ETFs. SPDRs are interests in unit investment trusts. Such investment trusts invest in a securities portfolio that includes substantially all of the common stocks (in substantially the same weights) as the common stocks included in a particular Standard & Poor’s Index such as the S&P 500. SPDRs are traded on the American Stock Exchange, but may not be redeemed. The results of SPDRs will not match the performance of the designated index due to reductions in the SPDRs’ performance attributable to transaction and other expenses, including fees paid by the SPDR to service providers. SPDRs distribute dividends on a quarterly basis, although distributions by other ETFs may vary.

ETF’s, including SPDRs, typically are not actively managed. Rather, an ETF’s usual objective is to track the performance of a specified index. Therefore, securities may be purchased, retained and sold by ETFs at times when an actively managed trust would not do so. As a result, a Fund can expect greater risk of loss (and a correspondingly greater prospect of gain) from changes in the value of the securities that are heavily weighted in the index than would be the case if the ETF was not fully invested in such securities. Because of this, an ETF’s price can be volatile, and a Fund may sustain sudden, and sometimes substantial, fluctuations in the value of its investment in such ETF.

Exchange-Traded Notes

The Cardinal Funds and the NVIT Income Bond Fund may invest in exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), which are debt securities linked to an underlying index. Similar to ETFs, an ETN’s valuation is derived, in part, from the value of the index to which it is linked. ETNs, however, also bear the characteristics and risks of fixed-income securities, including credit risk and change in rating risk.

Redemption Fee Risk

Certain unaffiliated Underlying Funds may charge redemption fees to shareholders who redeem their Underlying Fund shares within a specified period of time following the purchase of such shares. Ordinarily, a mutual fund that imposes redemption fees does so in order to deter investors from engaging in excessive or short-term trading, often referred to as “market timing,” and to reimburse it for transaction costs borne by other fund shareholders on account of market timing activity. The Funds do not intend to engage in market timing in Underlying Fund shares. However, each Fund will place purchase and redemption orders in shares of Underlying Funds pursuant to an established asset allocation model in response to daily purchases and redemptions of such Fund’s own shares, to conduct periodic rebalancing of the Fund’s assets to conform to the established model following periods of market fluctuation, and in response to changes made to an existing asset allocation model itself. While the portfolio manager will attempt to conduct each Fund’s purchase and redemption of Underlying Fund shares in a manner to avoid or minimize subjecting the Fund to redemption fees, there may be instances where payment of such fees is unavoidable or the portfolio manager is not successful in minimizing their impact.

 

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EQUITY SECURITIES AND STRATEGIES

Each of the Cardinal Funds and the Investor Destinations Funds may invest in or use any of the equity securities and strategies listed herein. In addition, the NVIT Income Bond Fund may invest in preferred stocks and convertible securities.

Initial Public Offerings

Securities issued in initial public offerings have no trading history, and information about companies may be available for very limited periods. The volume of initial public offerings and the levels at which the newly issued stocks trade in the secondary market are affected by the performance of the stock market overall. If initial public offerings are brought to the market, availability may be limited and an Underlying Fund may not be able to buy any shares at the offering price, or if it is able to buy shares, it may not be able to buy as many shares at the offering price as it would like. In addition, the prices of securities involved in initial public offerings are often subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than more established stocks.

Preferred Stocks and Convertible Securities

Preferred stocks, like many debt obligations, are generally fixed-income securities. Shareholders of preferred stocks normally have the right to receive dividends at a fixed rate when and as declared by the issuer’s board of directors, but do not participate in other amounts available for distribution by the issuing corporation. Dividends on the preferred stock may be cumulative, and all cumulative dividends usually must be paid prior to common shareholders of common stock receiving any dividends. Because preferred stock dividends must be paid before common stock dividends, preferred stocks generally entail less risk than common stocks. Upon liquidation, preferred stocks are entitled to a specified liquidation preference, which is generally the same as the par or stated value, and are senior in right of payment to common stock. Preferred stocks are, however, equity securities in the sense that they do not represent a liability of the issuer and, therefore, do not offer as great a degree of protection of capital or assurance of continued income as investments in corporate debt securities. Preferred stocks are generally subordinated in right of payment to all debt obligations and creditors of the issuer, and convertible preferred stocks may be subordinated to other preferred stock of the same issuer.

Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks, or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. Convertible securities have general characteristics similar to both debt obligations and equity securities. The value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value” (determined by its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege) and its “conversion value” (the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock). The investment value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, the credit standing of the issuer and other factors. The market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, tends to increase as interest rates decline. The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. The market value of convertible securities tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying common stock and therefore will react to variations in the general market for equity securities. If the conversion value is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. Generally, the conversion value decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. To the extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed income security. While no securities investments are without risk, investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than investments in common stock of the same issuer.

A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest normally paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted, or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in that they generally (i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities, (ii) are less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying stock since they have fixed income characteristics, and (iii) provide the potential for

 

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capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases. Most convertible securities currently are issued by U.S. companies, although a substantial Eurodollar convertible securities market has developed, and the markets for convertible securities denominated in local currencies are increasing.

A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument. If a convertible security held by an Underlying Fund is called for redemption, an Underlying Fund will be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock, or sell it to a third party.

Convertible securities generally are subordinated to other similar but non-convertible securities of the same issuer, although convertible bonds, as corporate debt obligations, generally enjoy seniority in right of payment to all equity securities, and convertible preferred stock is senior to common stock of the same issuer. Because of the subordination feature, however, some convertible securities typically are rated below investment grade or are not rated, depending on the general creditworthiness of the issuer.

Certain Underlying Funds may invest in convertible preferred stocks that offer enhanced yield features, such as Preferred Equity Redemption Cumulative Stocks (“PERCS”), which provide an investor, such as a Fund, with the opportunity to earn higher dividend income than is available on a company’s common stock. PERCS are preferred stocks that generally feature a mandatory conversion date, as well as a capital appreciation limit, which is usually expressed in terms of a stated price. Most PERCS expire three years from the date of issue, at which time they are convertible into common stock of the issuer. PERCS are generally not convertible into cash at maturity. Under a typical arrangement, after three years PERCS convert into one share of the issuer’s common stock if the issuer’s common stock is trading at a price below that set by the capital appreciation limit, and into less than one full share if the issuer’s common stock is trading at a price above that set by the capital appreciation limit. The amount of that fractional share of common stock is determined by dividing the price set by the capital appreciation limit by the market price of the issuer’s common stock. PERCS can be called at any time prior to maturity, and hence do not provide call protection. If called early, however, the issuer must pay a call premium over the market price to the investor. This call premium declines at a preset rate daily, up to the maturity date.

An Underlying Fund may also invest in other classes of enhanced convertible securities. These include but are not limited to ACES (Automatically Convertible Equity Securities), PEPS (Participating Equity Preferred Stock), PRIDES (Preferred Redeemable Increased Dividend Equity Securities), SAILS (Stock Appreciation Income Linked Securities), TECONS (Term Convertible Notes), QICS (Quarterly Income Cumulative Securities), and DECS (Dividend Enhanced Convertible Securities). ACES, PEPS, PRIDES, SAILS, TECONS, QICS, and DECS all have the following features: they are issued by the company, the common stock of which will be received in the event the convertible preferred stock is converted; unlike PERCS they do not have a capital appreciation limit; they seek to provide the investor with high current income with some prospect of future capital appreciation; they are typically issued with three or four-year maturities; they typically have some built-in call protection for the first two to three years; and, upon maturity, they will convert into either cash or a specified number of shares of common stock.

Similarly, there may be enhanced convertible debt obligations issued by the operating company, whose common stock is to be acquired in the event the security is converted, or by a different issuer, such as an investment bank. These securities may be identified by names such as ELKS (Equity Linked Securities) or similar names. Typically they share most of the salient characteristics of an enhanced convertible preferred stock but will be ranked as senior or subordinated debt in the issuer’s corporate structure according to the terms of the debt indenture. There may be additional types of convertible securities not specifically referred to herein, which may be similar to those described above in which a Fund may invest, consistent with its goals and policies.

An investment in an enhanced convertible security or any other security may involve additional risks to the Fund. An Underlying Fund may have difficulty disposing of such securities because there may be a thin trading market for a particular security at any given time. Reduced liquidity may have an adverse impact on market price and a Fund’s ability to dispose of particular securities, when necessary, to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as the deterioration in the credit worthiness of an issuer. Reduced liquidity in the secondary market for certain securities may also make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain market quotations based on actual trades for purposes of valuing the fund’s portfolio. An Underlying Fund, however, intends to acquire liquid securities, though there can be no assurances that it will always be able to do so.

 

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Certain Underlying Funds may also invest in zero coupon convertible securities. Zero coupon convertible securities are debt securities which are issued at a discount to their face amount and do not entitle the holder to any periodic payments of interest prior to maturity. Rather, interest earned on zero coupon convertible securities accretes at a stated yield until the security reaches its face amount at maturity. Zero coupon convertible securities are convertible into a specific number of shares of the issuer’s common stock. In addition, zero coupon convertible securities usually have put features that provide the holder with the opportunity to sell the securities back to the issuer at a stated price before maturity. Generally, the prices of zero coupon convertible securities may be more sensitive to market interest rate fluctuations than conventional convertible securities. For more information about zero coupon securities generally, see “Zero Coupon Securities, Step-Coupon Securities, Pay-In-Kind Bonds (“PIK Bonds”) and Deferred Payment Securities” below on page 23.

Publicly Traded Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies

Entities such as limited partnerships, limited liability companies, business trusts and companies organized outside the United States may issue securities comparable to common or preferred stock. An Underlying Fund may invest in interests in limited liability companies, as well as publicly traded limited partnerships (limited partnership interests or units), which represent equity interests in the assets and earnings of the company's or partnership’s trade or business. Unlike common stock in a corporation, limited partnership interests have limited or no voting rights. However, many of the risks of investing in common stocks are still applicable to investments in limited partnership interests. In addition, limited partnership interests are subject to risks not present in common stock. For example, interest income generated from limited partnerships deemed not to be ‘publicly traded’ will not be considered ‘qualifying income’ under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Internal Revenue Code”) and may trigger adverse tax consequences. Also, since publicly traded limited partnerships and limited liability companies are a less common form of organizational structure than corporations, their units may be less liquid than publicly traded common stock. Also, because of the difference in organizational structure, the fair value of limited liability company or limited partnership units in an Underlying Fund’s portfolio may be based either upon the current market price of such units, or if there is no current market price, upon the pro rata value of the underlying assets of the company or partnership. Limited partnership units also have the risk that the limited partnership might, under certain circumstances, be treated as a general partnership giving rise to broader liability exposure to the limited partners for activities of the partnership. Further, the general partners of a limited partnership may be able to significantly change the business or asset structure of a limited partnership without the limited partners having any ability to disapprove any such changes. In certain limited partnerships, limited partners may also be required to return distributions previously made in the event that excess distributions have been made by the partnership, or in the event that the general partners, or their affiliates, are entitled to indemnification.

Real Estate Investment Trusts

Although no Fund will invest in real estate directly, an Underlying Fund may invest in securities of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and other real estate industry companies or companies with substantial real estate investments and, as a result, such Fund may be subject to certain risks associated with direct ownership of real estate and with the real estate industry in general. These risks include, among others: possible declines in the value of real estate; possible lack of availability of mortgage funds; extended vacancies of properties; risks related to general and local economic conditions; overbuilding; increases in competition, property taxes and operating expenses; changes in zoning laws; costs resulting from the clean-up of, and liability to third parties for damages resulting from, environmental problems; casualty or condemnation losses; uninsured damages from floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters; limitations on and variations in rents; and changes in interest rates.

REITs are pooled investment vehicles which invest primarily in income producing real estate or real estate related loans or interests. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or hybrid REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. Hybrid REITs combine the investment strategies of equity REITs and mortgage REITs. REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with several requirements of the Internal Revenue Code. The Funds pay the fees and expenses of the REITs, which, ultimately, are paid by each Fund’s shareholders.

 

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Small Company and Emerging Growth Stocks

Investing in securities of small-sized, including micro-capitalization companies and emerging growth companies, may involve greater risks than investing in the stocks of larger, more established companies, including possible risk of loss. Also, because these securities may have limited marketability, their prices may be more volatile than securities of larger, more established companies or the market averages in general. Because small-sized and emerging growth companies normally have fewer shares outstanding than larger companies, it may be more difficult for a Fund to buy or sell significant numbers of such shares without an unfavorable impact on prevailing prices. Small-sized and emerging growth companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources and may lack management depth. In addition, small-sized and emerging growth companies are typically subject to wider variations in earnings and business prospects than are larger, more established companies. There is typically less publicly available information concerning small-sized and emerging growth companies than for larger, more established ones.

Special Situation Companies

“Special situation companies” include those involved in an actual or prospective acquisition or consolidation; reorganization; recapitalization; merger, liquidation or distribution of cash, securities or other assets; a tender or exchange offer; a breakup or workout of a holding company; or litigation which, if resolved favorably, would improve the value of the company’s stock. If the actual or prospective situation does not materialize as anticipated, the market price of the securities of a “special situation company” may decline significantly. Therefore, an investment in an Underlying Fund that invests a significant portion of its assets in these securities may involve a greater degree of risk than an investment in other mutual funds that seek long-term growth of capital by investing in better-known, larger companies. The subadviser of such an Underlying Fund believes, however, that if it analyzes “special situation companies” carefully and invests in the securities of these companies at the appropriate time, a Fund may achieve capital growth. There can be no assurance however, that a special situation that exists at the time a Fund makes its investment will be consummated under the terms and within the time period contemplated, if it is consummated at all.

Warrants

Warrants are securities giving the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy the stock of an issuer at a given price (generally higher than the value of the stock at the time of issuance), on a specified date, during a specified period, or perpetually. Warrants may be acquired separately or in connection with the acquisition of securities. Warrants acquired by a Fund in units or attached to securities are not subject to these restrictions. Warrants do not carry with them the right to dividends or voting rights with respect to the securities that they entitle their holder to purchase, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. As a result, warrants may be considered more speculative than certain other types of investments. In addition, the value of a warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date.

FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES AND STRATEGIES

Each Fund may invest in or use any of the fixed-income securities and strategies listed herein.

Bank and Corporate Loans

Commercial banks and other financial institutions or institutional investors make bank or corporate loans to companies that need capital to grow or restructure. Borrowers generally pay interest on bank or corporate loans at rates that change in response to changes in market interest rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or the prime rates of U.S. banks. As a result, the value of bank and corporate loan investments is generally less exposed to the adverse effects of shifts in market interest rates than investments that pay a fixed rate of interest. However, because the trading market for certain bank and corporate loans may be less developed than the secondary market for bonds and notes, a Fund may experience difficulties in selling its bank or corporate loans. Leading

 

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financial institutions often act as agent for a broader group of lenders, generally referred to as a syndicate. The syndicate’s agent arranges the bank or corporate loans, holds collateral and accepts payments of principal and interest. If the agent develops financial problems, a Fund may not recover its investment or recovery may be delayed. By investing in a corporate or bank loan, a Fund may become a member of the syndicate. The bank and corporate loans in which a Fund invests are subject to the risk of loss of principal and income. Although borrowers frequently provide collateral to secure repayment of these obligations, they do not always do so. If they do provide collateral, the value of the collateral may not completely cover the borrower’s obligations at the time of a default. If a borrower files for protection from its creditors under the U.S. bankruptcy laws, these laws may limit a Fund’s rights to its collateral. In addition, the value of collateral may erode during a bankruptcy case. In the event of a bankruptcy, the holder of a bank or corporate loan may not recover its principal, may experience a long delay in recovering its investment and may not receive interest during the delay.

Brady Bonds

Brady Bonds are debt securities, generally denominated in U.S. dollars, issued under the framework of the Brady Plan. The Brady Plan is an initiative announced by former U.S. Treasury Secretary Nicholas F. Brady in 1989 as a mechanism for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external commercial bank indebtedness. In restructuring its external debt under the Brady Plan framework, a debtor nation negotiates with its existing bank lenders as well as multilateral institutions such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the “World Bank”) and the International Monetary Fund (the “IMF”). The Brady Plan framework, as it has developed, contemplates the exchange of external commercial bank debt for newly issued bonds known as “Brady Bonds.” Brady Bonds may also be issued in respect of new money being advanced by existing lenders in connection with the debt restructuring. The World Bank and/or the IMF support the restructuring by providing funds pursuant to loan agreements or other arrangements that enable the debtor nation to collateralize the new Brady Bonds or to repurchase outstanding bank debt at a discount. Under these arrangements with the World Bank and/or the IMF, debtor nations have been required to agree to the implementation of certain domestic monetary and fiscal reforms. Such reforms have included the liberalization of trade and foreign investment, the privatization of state-owned enterprises and the setting of targets for public spending and borrowing. These policies and programs seek to promote the debtor country’s economic growth and development. Investors should also recognize that the Brady Plan only sets forth general guiding principles for economic reform and debt reduction, emphasizing that solutions must be negotiated on a case-by-case basis between debtor nations and their creditors. A Fund’s subadviser may believe that economic reforms undertaken by countries in connection with the issuance of Brady Bonds may make the debt of countries which have issued or have announced plans to issue Brady Bonds an attractive opportunity for investment. However, there can be no assurance that the subadviser’s expectations with respect to Brady Bonds will be realized.

Agreements implemented under the Brady Plan to date are designed to achieve debt and debt-service reduction through specific options negotiated by a debtor nation with its creditors. As a result, the financial packages offered by each country differ. The types of options have included the exchange of outstanding commercial bank debt for bonds issued at 100% of face value of such debt which carry a below-market stated rate of interest (generally known as par bonds), bonds issued at a discount from the face value of such debt (generally known as discount bonds), bonds bearing an interest rate which increases over time and bonds issued in exchange for the advancement of new money by existing lenders. Regardless of the stated face amount and stated interest rate of the various types of Brady Bonds, the applicable Funds will purchase Brady Bonds in secondary markets, as described below, in which the price and yield to the investor reflect market conditions at the time of purchase. Certain sovereign bonds are entitled to “value recovery payments” in certain circumstances, which in effect constitute supplemental interest payments but generally are not collateralized. Certain Brady Bonds have been collateralized as to principal due date at maturity (typically 30 years from the date of issuance) by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds with a maturity equal to the final maturity of such Brady Bonds. The U.S. Treasury bonds purchased as collateral for such Brady Bonds are financed by the IMF, the World Bank and the debtor nations’ reserves. In addition, interest payments on certain types of Brady Bonds may be collateralized by cash or high-grade securities in amounts that typically represent between 12 and 18 months of interest accruals on these instruments with the balance of the interest accruals being uncollateralized. In the event of a default with respect to collateralized Brady Bonds as a result of which the payment obligations of the issuer are accelerated, the U.S. Treasury zero coupon obligations held as collateral for the payment of principal will not be distributed to investors, nor will such obligations be sold and the proceeds distributed. The collateral will be held by the collateral agent to the scheduled maturity of the defaulted

 

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Brady Bonds, which will continue to be outstanding, at which time the face amount of the collateral will equal the principal payments that would have then been due on the Brady Bonds in the normal course. However, in light of the residual risk of the Brady Bonds and, among other factors, the history of default with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries issuing Brady Bonds, investments in Brady Bonds are considered speculative. A Fund may purchase Brady Bonds with no or limited collateralization, and, for payment of interest and (except in the case of principal collateralized Brady Bonds) principal, will be relying primarily on the willingness and ability of the foreign government to make payment in accordance with the terms of the Brady Bonds.

Debt Obligations

Debt obligations are subject to the risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations when due (“credit risk”) and are subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, and general market liquidity. Lower-rated securities are more likely to react to developments affecting these risks than are more highly rated securities, which react primarily to movements in the general level of interest rates. Although the fluctuation in the price of debt securities is normally less than that of common stocks, in the past there have been extended periods of cyclical increases in interest rates that have caused significant declines in the price of debt securities in general and have caused the effective maturity of securities with prepayment features to be extended, thus effectively converting short or intermediate securities (which tend to be less volatile in price) into long term securities (which tend to be more volatile in price). In addition, a corporate event such as a restructuring, merger, leveraged buyout, takeover, or similar action may cause a decline in market value of its securities or credit quality of the company’s bonds due to factors including an unfavorable market response or a resulting increase in the company’s debt. Added debt may significantly reduce the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds, and may thereby affect the value of its equity securities as well.

Duration. Duration is a measure of the average life of a fixed-income security that was developed as a more precise alternative to the concepts of “term to maturity” or “average dollar weighted maturity” as measures of “volatility” or “risk” associated with changes in interest rates. Duration incorporates a security’s yield, coupon interest payments, final maturity and call features into one measure.

Most debt obligations provide interest (“coupon”) payments in addition to final (“par”) payment at maturity. Some obligations also have call provisions. Depending on the relative magnitude of these payments and the nature of the call provisions, the market values of debt obligations may respond differently to changes in interest rates.

Traditionally, a debt security’s “term-to-maturity” has been used as a measure of the sensitivity of the security’s price to changes in interest rates (which is the “interest rate risk” or “volatility” of the security). However, “term-to-maturity” measures only the time until a debt security provides its final payment, taking no account of the pattern of the security’s payments prior to maturity. Average dollar weighted maturity is calculated by averaging the terms of maturity of each debt security held with each maturity “weighted” according to the percentage of assets that it represents. Duration is a measure of the expected life of a debt security on a present value basis and reflects both principal and interest payments. Duration takes the length of the time intervals between the present time and the time that the interest and principal payments are scheduled or, in the case of a callable security, expected to be received, and weights them by the present values of the cash to be received at each future point in time. For any debt security with interest payments occurring prior to the payment of principal, duration is ordinarily less than maturity. In general, all other factors being the same, the lower the stated or coupon rate of interest of a debt security, the longer the duration of the security; conversely, the higher the stated or coupon rate of interest of a debt security, the shorter the duration of the security.

There are some situations where the standard duration calculation does not properly reflect the interest rate exposure of a security. For example, floating and variable rate securities often have final maturities of ten or more years; however, their interest rate exposure corresponds to the frequency of the coupon reset. Another example where the interest rate exposure is not properly captured by duration is the case of mortgage pass-through securities. The stated final maturity of such securities is generally 30 years, but current prepayment rates are more critical in determining the securities’ interest rate exposure. In these and other similar situations, a Fund’s subadviser will use more sophisticated analytical techniques to project the economic life of a security and estimate its interest rate exposure. Since the computation of duration is based on predictions of future events rather than known factors, there can be no assurance that a Fund will at all times achieve its targeted portfolio duration.

 

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The change in market value of U.S. government fixed-income securities is largely a function of changes in the prevailing level of interest rates. When interest rates are falling, a portfolio with a shorter duration generally will not generate as high a level of total return as a portfolio with a longer duration. When interest rates are stable, shorter duration portfolios generally will not generate as high a level of total return as longer duration portfolios (assuming that long-term interest rates are higher than short-term rates, which is commonly the case.) When interest rates are rising, a portfolio with a shorter duration will generally outperform longer duration portfolios. With respect to the composition of a fixed-income portfolio, the longer the duration of the portfolio, generally, the greater the anticipated potential for total return, with, however, greater attendant interest rate risk and price volatility than for a portfolio with a shorter duration.

Ratings as Investment Criteria. High-quality, medium-quality and non-investment grade debt obligations are characterized as such based on their ratings by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”), such as Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“Standard & Poor’s”) or Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”). In general, the ratings of NRSROs represent the opinions of these agencies as to the quality of securities that they rate. Such ratings, however, are relative and subjective, and are not absolute standards of quality and do not evaluate the market value risk of the securities. Further, credit ratings do not provide assurance against default or other loss of money. These ratings are used by a Fund as initial criteria for the selection of portfolio securities, but the Fund also relies upon the independent advice of its subadviser(s) to evaluate potential investments. This is particularly important for lower-quality securities. Among the factors that will be considered is the long-term ability of the issuer to pay principal and interest and general economic trends, as well as an issuer’s capital structure, existing debt and earnings history. Appendix A to this SAI contains further information about the rating categories of NRSROs and their significance. If a security has not received a credit rating, the Fund must rely entirely on the credit assessment of the subadviser(s).

Subsequent to its purchase by a Fund, an issuer of securities may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below the minimum required for purchase by such Fund. In addition, it is possible that an NRSRO might not change its rating of a particular issuer to reflect subsequent events. None of these events generally will require sale of such securities, but a Fund’s subadviser will consider such events in its determination of whether the Fund should continue to hold the securities.

In addition, to the extent that the ratings change as a result of changes in an NRSRO or its rating systems, or due to a corporate reorganization, the Fund will attempt to use comparable ratings as standards for its investments in accordance with its investment objective and policies.

Floating and Variable Rate Securities

Floating or variable rate obligations bear interest at rates that are not fixed, but vary with changes in specified market rates or indices, such as the prime rate, or at specified intervals. The interest rate on floating-rate securities varies with changes in the underlying index (such as the Treasury bill rate), while the interest rate on variable or adjustable rate securities changes at preset times based upon an underlying index. Certain of the floating or variable rate obligations that may be purchased by the Funds may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer of the instrument or to a third party at par value prior to maturity.

Some of the demand instruments purchased by a Fund may not be traded in a secondary market and derive their liquidity solely from the ability of the holder to demand repayment from the issuer or third party providing credit support. If a demand instrument is not traded in a secondary market, the Fund will nonetheless treat the instrument as “readily marketable” for the purposes of its investment restriction limiting investments in illiquid securities unless the demand feature has a notice period of more than seven days in which case the instrument will be characterized as “not readily marketable” and therefore illiquid.

Such obligations include variable rate master demand notes, which are unsecured instruments issued pursuant to an agreement between the issuer and the holder that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and to provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate. A Fund will limit its purchases of floating and variable rate obligations to those of the same quality as it is otherwise allowed to purchase. A Fund’s subadviser will monitor on an ongoing basis the ability of an issuer of a demand instrument to pay principal and interest on demand.

 

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A Fund’s right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between the date the Fund elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument or third party providing credit support to make payment when due, except when such demand instruments permit same day settlement. To facilitate settlement, these same day demand instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than a Fund’s custodian subject to a subcustodian agreement approved by the Fund between that bank and the Fund’s custodian.

Lower Quality and High Yield Securities

Medium-Quality Securities. Medium-quality securities are obligations rated in the fourth highest rating category by any NRSRO. Medium-quality securities, although considered investment-grade, may have some speculative characteristics and may be subject to greater fluctuations in value than higher-rated securities. In addition, the issuers of medium-quality securities may be more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances than issuers of higher-rated securities.

Lower Quality/High Yield Securities. Non-investment grade debt or lower quality/rated securities (commonly known as “junk bonds”) (hereinafter referred to as “lower-quality securities”) include (i) bonds rated as low as C by Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, or Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”), (ii) commercial paper rated as low as C by Standard & Poor’s, Not Prime by Moody’s or Fitch 4 by Fitch; and (iii) unrated debt securities of comparable quality. Lower-quality securities, while generally offering higher yields than investment grade securities with similar maturities, involve greater risks, including the possibility of default or bankruptcy. There is more risk associated with these investments because of reduced creditworthiness and increased risk of default. Under NRSRO guidelines, lower-quality securities and comparable unrated securities will likely have some quality and protective characteristics that are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions. Lower-quality securities are considered to have extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing, to have a current identifiable vulnerability to default or to be in default, to be unlikely to have the capacity to make required interest payments and repay principal when due in the event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions, or to be in default or not current in the payment of interest or principal. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The special risk considerations in connection with investments in these securities are discussed below.

Effect of Interest Rates and Economic Changes. Interest-bearing securities typically experience appreciation when interest rates decline and depreciation when interest rates rise. The market values of lower-quality and comparable unrated securities tend to reflect individual corporate developments to a greater extent than do higher-rated securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Lower-quality and comparable unrated securities also tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions than are higher-rated securities. As a result, they generally involve more credit risks than securities in the higher-rated categories. During an economic downturn or a sustained period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers of lower-quality and comparable unrated securities may experience financial stress and may not have sufficient revenues to meet their payment obligations. The issuer’s ability to service its debt obligations may also be adversely affected by specific corporate developments, the issuer’s inability to meet specific projected business forecasts or the unavailability of additional financing. The risk of loss due to default by an issuer of these securities is significantly greater than issuers of higher-rated securities also because such securities are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to other creditors. Further, if the issuer of a lower-quality or comparable unrated security defaulted, the Fund might incur additional expenses to seek recovery. Periods of economic uncertainty and changes would also generally result in increased volatility in the market prices of these securities and thus in the Fund’s net asset value.

As previously stated, the value of a lower-quality or comparable unrated security will generally decrease in a rising interest rate market, and accordingly so will a Fund’s net asset value. If a Fund experiences unexpected net redemptions in such a market, it may be forced to liquidate a portion of its portfolio securities without regard to their investment merits. Due to the limited liquidity of lower-quality and comparable unrated securities (discussed below), a Fund may be forced to liquidate these securities at a substantial discount which would result in a lower rate of return to the Fund.

 

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Payment Expectations. Lower-quality and comparable unrated securities typically contain redemption, call or prepayment provisions which permit the issuer of such securities containing such provisions to, at its discretion, redeem the securities. During periods of falling interest rates, issuers of these securities are likely to redeem or prepay the securities and refinance them with debt securities at a lower interest rate. To the extent an issuer is able to refinance the securities, or otherwise redeem them, a Fund may have to replace the securities with a lower yielding security, which would result in a lower return for that Fund.

Liquidity and Valuation. A Fund may have difficulty disposing of certain lower-quality and comparable unrated securities because there may be a thin trading market for such securities. Because not all dealers maintain markets in all lower-quality and comparable unrated securities, there may be no established retail secondary market for many of these securities. The Funds anticipate that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of dealers or institutional investors. To the extent a secondary trading market does exist, it is generally not as liquid as the secondary market for higher-rated securities. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the market price of the security. As a result, a Fund’s net asset value and ability to dispose of particular securities, when necessary to meet such Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, may be impacted. The lack of a liquid secondary market for certain securities may also make it more difficult for a Fund to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing that Fund’s portfolio. Market quotations are generally available on many lower-quality and comparable unrated issues only from a limited number of dealers and may not necessarily represent firm bids of such dealers or prices for actual sales. During periods of thin trading, the spread between bid and asked prices is likely to increase significantly. In addition, adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of lower-quality and comparable unrated securities, especially in a thinly traded market.

Money Market Instruments

Money market instruments may include the following types of instruments:

 

   

obligations issued or guaranteed as to interest and principal by the U.S. government, its agencies, or instrumentalities, or any federally chartered corporation, with remaining maturities of 397 days or less;

 

   

obligations of sovereign foreign governments, their agencies, instrumentalities and political subdivisions, with remaining maturities of 397 days or less;

 

   

obligations of municipalities and states, their agencies and political subdivisions with remaining maturities of 397 days or less;

 

   

asset-backed commercial paper whose own rating or the rating of any guarantor is in one of the two highest categories of any NRSRO;

 

   

repurchase agreements;

 

   

bank or savings and loan obligations;

 

   

commercial paper (including asset-backed commercial paper), which are short-term unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations. It may also be issued by foreign issuers, such as foreign governments, and states and municipalities. Generally the commercial paper or its guarantor will be rated within the top two rating categories by a NRSRO, or if not rated, is issued and guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by companies which at the date of investment have a high quality outstanding debt issue;

 

   

bank loan participation agreements representing obligations of corporations having a high quality short-term rating, at the date of investment, and under which the Fund will look to the creditworthiness of the lender bank, which is obligated to make payments of principal and interest on the loan, as well as to creditworthiness of the borrower;

 

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high quality short-term (maturity in 397 days or less) corporate obligations, rated within the top two rating categories by a NRSRO or, if not rated, deemed to be of comparable quality by the applicable subadviser;

 

   

certain variable-rate and floating-rate securities with maturities longer than 397 days, but which are subject to interest rate resetting provisions and demand features within 397 days, to the extent permitted by Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act;

 

   

extendable commercial notes, which differ from traditional commercial paper because the issuer can extend the maturity of the note up to 397 days with the option to call the note any time during the extension period. Because extension will occur when the issuer does not have other viable options for lending, these notes may be considered illiquid, particularly during the extension period, and if the extendable commercial notes are determined to be illiquid, the underlying NVIT Money Market Fund will be limited to holding no more than 5% of its net assets in these and any other illiquid securities (in addition to other liquidity restrictions under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act); and

 

   

unrated short-term (maturing in 397 days or less) debt obligations that are determined by a Fund’s subadviser to be of comparable quality to the securities described above.

Insurance Contracts and Funding Agreements. Money market instruments also include insurance contracts, such as guaranteed investment contracts, funding agreements and annuities. In connection with these investments, a Fund makes cash contributions to a deposit fund of an insurance company’s general account, and the insurance company then credits to the Fund a guaranteed rate of interest, paid on a regular periodic basis (e.g., monthly). The funding agreements or other insurance contracts provide that the guaranteed rate of interest will not be less than a certain minimum rate. The purchase price paid for the contract becomes part of the general assets of the insurance company, and the contract is paid from the general assets of the insurance company. Funding agreements may or may not allow the Fund to demand repayment of principal after an agreed upon waiting period or upon certain other conditions. The insurance company may also have a corresponding right to prepay the principal with accrued interest upon a specified number of days’ notice to the Fund. The maturity date of some funding agreements may be extended upon the mutual agreement and consent of the insurance company and the Fund. Generally, funding agreements and other insurance contracts are not assignable or transferable without the permission of the issuing insurance companies, and an active secondary market in certain such insurance contracts does not currently exist. Accordingly, such insurance contracts may be considered to be illiquid. To the extent any such funding agreements or other insurance contracts are considered to be illiquid, the underlying NVIT Money Market Fund will be limited to holding no more than 5% of its net assets in these and any other illiquid securities (in addition to other liquidity restrictions under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act). In addition, funding agreements and other insurance contracts are subject to interest rate risk, i.e., when interest rates increase, the value of insurance contracts decline. Insurance contracts are also subject to credit risk, i.e., that the insurance company may be unable to pay interest or principal when due. If an insurance company’s financial condition changes, its credit rating, or the credit rating of the contracts, may be lowered, which could negatively affect the value of the insurance contracts the Fund owns.

Extendable Commercial Notes. ECNs may serve as an alternative to traditional commercial paper investments. ECNs are corporate notes which are issued at a discount and structured such that, while the note has an initial redemption date (the initial redemption date is no more than 90 days from the date of issue) upon which the notes will be redeemed, the issuer on the initial redemption date may extend the repayment of the notes for up to 397 days from the date of issue without seeking note holder consent. In the event the ECN is redeemed by the issuer on its initial redemption date, investors receive a premium step-up rate, which is based on the ECNs rating at the time. If the notes are not redeemed on the initial redemption date, they will bear interest from the initial redemption date to the maturity date of the note at a floating rate of interest (this interest serves as a penalty yield for the issuer and a premium paid to the investor).

The ability of the issuer to exercise its option to extend the ECN beyond the initial redemption date can expose investors to interest rate risks, liquidity risks, credit risks and mark-to-market risks. Proponents of ECNs, however, argue that the punitive interest rate which applies if the ECN is extended beyond its initial redemption date

 

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will discourage issuers from extending the notes. Proponents further argue that the reputation risk associated with the decision to extend an ECN obligation will prevent issuers from extending the notes, provided that the issuer is not in extreme financial distress. The subadviser to the underlying NVIT Money Market Fund will perform due diligence from both a credit and portfolio structure perspective before investing in ECNs.

Bank Obligations. Bank obligations include certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and fixed time deposits. A certificate of deposit is a short-term negotiable certificate issued by a commercial bank against funds deposited in the bank and is either interest-bearing or purchased on a discount basis. A bankers’ acceptance is a short-term draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower, usually in connection with an international commercial transaction. The borrower is liable for payment as is the bank, which unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its face amount on the maturity date. Fixed time deposits are obligations of branches of U.S. banks or foreign banks which are payable at a stated maturity date and bear a fixed rate of interest. Although fixed time deposits do not have a market, there are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in the deposit to a third party.

Bank obligations may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch by the terms of the specific obligations or by government regulation. Bank obligations may be issued by domestic banks (including their branches located outside the United States), domestic and foreign branches of foreign banks and savings and loan associations.

Eurodollar and Yankee Obligations. Eurodollar bank obligations are dollar-denominated certificates of deposit and time deposits issued outside the U.S. capital markets by foreign branches of U.S. banks and by foreign banks. Yankee bank obligations are dollar-denominated obligations issued in the U.S. capital markets by foreign banks.

Eurodollar and Yankee bank obligations are subject to the same risks that pertain to domestic issues, notably credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk. Additionally, Eurodollar (and to a limited extent, Yankee) bank obligations are subject to certain sovereign risks and other risks associated with foreign investments. One such risk is the possibility that a sovereign country might prevent capital, in the form of dollars, from flowing across their borders. Other risks include: adverse political and economic developments; the extent and quality of government regulation of financial markets and institutions; the imposition of foreign withholding taxes, and the expropriation or nationalization of foreign issues. However, Eurodollar and Yankee bank obligations held in a Fund will undergo the same credit analysis as domestic issuers in which the Fund invests, and will have at least the same financial strength as the domestic issuers approved for the Fund.

Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities

Mortgage-backed securities represent direct or indirect participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans secured by real property. Mortgage-backed securities come in different forms. The simplest form of mortgage-backed securities is pass-through certificates. Such securities may be issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities or may be issued by private issuers, generally originators in mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, investment bankers, and special purpose entities (collectively, “private lenders”). The purchase of mortgage-backed securities from private lenders may entail greater risk than mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities. Mortgage-backed securities issued by private lenders may be supported by pools of mortgage loans or other mortgage-backed securities that are guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, or they may be issued without any governmental guarantee of the underlying mortgage assets but with some form of non-governmental credit enhancement. These credit enhancements may include letters of credit, reserve funds, over-collateralization, or guarantees by third parties. There is no guarantee that these credit enhancements, if any, will be sufficient to prevent losses in the event of defaults on the underlying mortgage loans. Additionally, mortgage-backed securities purchased from private lenders are not traded on an exchange and there may be a limited market for the securities, especially when there is a perceived weakness in the mortgage and real estate market sectors. Without an active trading market, mortgage-backed securities held in a Fund’s portfolio may be particularly difficult to value because of the complexities involved in assessing the value of the underlying mortgage loan.

 

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Through its investments in mortgage-backed securities, including those issued by private lenders, a Fund may have some exposure to subprime loans, as well as to the mortgage and credit markets generally. Subprime loans refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had, in many cases, higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements. The risk of non-payment is greater for mortgage-backed securities issued by private lenders that contain subprime loans, but a level of risk exits for all loans.

Since privately-issued mortgage certificates are not guaranteed by an entity having the credit status of GNMA or FHLMC (each of which is defined below under “U.S. Government Securities and U.S. Government Agency Securities”), such securities generally are structured with one or more types of credit enhancement. Such credit enhancement falls into two categories: (i) liquidity protection; and (ii) protection against losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection refers to the provisions of advances, generally by the entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the pass-through of payments due on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection against losses resulting from ultimate default enhances the likelihood of ultimate payment of the obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees, insurance policies or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such approaches.

The ratings of mortgage-backed securities for which third-party credit enhancement provides liquidity protection or protection against losses from default are generally dependent upon the continued creditworthiness of the provider of the credit enhancement. The ratings of such securities could be subject to reduction in the event of deterioration in the creditworthiness of the credit enhancement provider even in cases where the delinquency loss experienced on the underlying pool of assets is better than expected. There can be no assurance that the private issuers or credit enhancers of mortgage-backed securities will meet their obligations under the relevant policies or other forms of credit enhancement.

Examples of credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction include “senior-subordinated securities” (multiple class securities with one or more classes subordinate to other classes as to the payment of principal thereof and interest thereon, with the result that defaults on the underlying assets are borne first by the holders of the subordinated class), creation of “reserve funds” (where cash or investments sometimes funded from a portion of the payments on the underlying assets are held in reserve against future losses) and “over-collateralization” (where the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of, the underlying assets exceed those required to make payment of the securities and pay any servicing or other fees). The degree of credit support provided for each issue is generally based on historical information with respect to the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquency or loss in excess of that which is anticipated could adversely affect the return on an investment in such security.

Private lenders or government-related entities may also create mortgage loan pools offering pass-through investments where the mortgages underlying these securities may be alternative mortgage instruments, that is, mortgage instruments whose principal or interest payments may vary or whose terms to maturity may be shorter than was previously customary. As new types of mortgage-related securities are developed and offered to investors, a Fund, consistent with its investment objective and policies, may consider making investments in such new types of securities.

The yield characteristics of mortgage-backed securities differ from those of traditional debt obligations. Among the principal differences are that interest and principal payments are made more frequently on mortgage-backed securities, usually monthly, and that principal may be prepaid at any time because the underlying mortgage loans or other assets generally may be prepaid at any time. As a result, if a Fund purchases these securities at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will reduce yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect of increasing the yield to maturity. Conversely, if a Fund purchases these securities at a discount, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will increase yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will reduce yield to maturity. Accelerated prepayments on securities purchased by the Fund at a premium also impose a risk of loss of principal because the premium may not have been fully amortized at the time the principal is prepaid in full.

 

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Unlike fixed rate mortgage-backed securities, adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities are collateralized by or represent interest in mortgage loans with variable rates of interest. These variable rates of interest reset periodically to align themselves with market rates. A Fund will not benefit from increases in interest rates to the extent that interest rates rise to the point where they cause the current coupon of the underlying adjustable rate mortgages to exceed any maximum allowable annual or lifetime reset limits (or “cap rates”) for a particular mortgage. In this event, the value of the adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities in a Fund would likely decrease. Also, a Fund’s net asset value could vary to the extent that current yields on adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities are different than market yields during interim periods between coupon reset dates or if the timing of changes to the index upon which the rate for the underlying mortgage is based lags behind changes in market rates. During periods of declining interest rates, income to a Fund derived from adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities which remain in a mortgage pool will decrease in contrast to the income on fixed rate mortgage-backed securities, which will remain constant. Adjustable rate mortgages also have less potential for appreciation in value as interest rates decline than do fixed rate investments.

There are a number of important differences among the agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government that issue mortgage-backed securities and among the securities that they issue. Mortgage-backed securities issued by GNMA include GNMA Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates (also known as “Ginnie Maes”), which are guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by GNMA, and such guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. GNMA certificates also are supported by the authority of GNMA to borrow funds from the U.S. Treasury to make payments under its guarantee. Mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA include FNMA Guaranteed Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates (also known as “Fannie Maes”), which are solely the obligations of FNMA, and are not backed by or entitled to the full faith and credit of the United States. Fannie Maes are guaranteed as to timely payment of the principal and interest by FNMA. Mortgage-backed securities issued by FHLMC (which is defined below under “U.S. Government Securities and U.S. Government Agency Securities”) include FHLMC Mortgage Participation Certificates (also known as “Freddie Macs” or “PCs”). FHLMC is a corporate instrumentality of the United States, created pursuant to an Act of Congress, which is owned entirely by Federal Home Loan Banks. Securities issued by FHLMC do not constitute a debt or obligation of the United States or by any Federal Home Loan Bank. Freddie Macs entitle the holder to timely payment of interest, which is guaranteed by the FHLMC. FHLMC guarantees either ultimate collection or timely payment of all principal payments on the underlying mortgage loans. When the FHLMC does not guarantee timely payment of principal, FHLMC may remit the amount due on account of its guarantee of ultimate payment of principal at any time after default on an underlying mortgage, but in no event later than one year after it becomes payable.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”) and Multiclass Pass-Through Securities. CMOs are a more complex form of mortgage-backed security in that they are multi-class debt obligations which are collateralized by mortgage loans or pass-through certificates. As a result of changes prompted by the 1986 Tax Reform Act, most CMOs are today issued as Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (“REMICs”). From the perspective of the investor, REMICs and CMOs are virtually indistinguishable. However, REMICs differ from CMOs in that REMICs provide certain tax advantages for the issuer of the obligation. Multiclass pass-through securities are interests in a trust composed of whole loans or private pass-throughs (collectively hereinafter referred to as “Mortgage Assets”). Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references herein to CMOs include REMICs and multiclass pass-through securities.

Often, CMOs are collateralized by GNMA, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac Certificates, but also may be collateralized by Mortgage Assets. Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references herein to CMOs include REMICs and multiclass pass-through securities. Payments of principal and interest on the Mortgage Assets, and any reinvestment income thereon, provide the funds to pay debt service on the CMOs or make scheduled distributions on the multiclass pass-through securities. CMOs may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.

In order to form a CMO, the issuer assembles a package of traditional mortgage-backed pass-through securities, or actual mortgage loans, and uses them as collateral for a multi-class security. Each class of CMOs, often referred to as a “tranche,” is issued at a specified fixed or floating coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Principal prepayments on the Mortgage Assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates. Interest is paid or accrues on all classes of the CMOs on

 

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a monthly, quarterly or semi-annual basis. The principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the several classes of a series of a CMO in innumerable ways. In one structure, payments of principal, including any principal prepayments, on the Mortgage Assets are applied to the classes of a CMO in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates, so that no payment of principal will be made on any class of CMOs until all other classes having an earlier stated maturity or final distribution date have been paid in full. As market conditions change, and particularly during periods of rapid or unanticipated changes in market interest rates, the attractiveness of the CMO classes and the ability of the structure to provide the anticipated investment characteristics may be significantly reduced. Such changes can result in volatility in the market value, and in some instances reduced liquidity, of the CMO class.

A Fund may also invest in, among others types of CMOs, parallel pay CMOs and Planned Amortization Class CMOs (“PAC Bonds”). Parallel pay CMOs are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the stated maturity date or final distribution date of each class, which, as with other CMO structures, must be retired by its stated maturity date or a final distribution date but may be retired earlier. PAC Bonds are a type of CMO tranche or series designed to provide relatively predictable payments of principal provided that, among other things, the actual prepayment experience on the underlying mortgage loans falls within a predefined range. If the actual prepayment experience on the underlying mortgage loans is at a rate faster or slower than the predefined range or if deviations from other assumptions occur, principal payments on the PAC Bond may be earlier or later than predicted. The magnitude of the predefined range varies from one PAC Bond to another; a narrower range increases the risk that prepayments on the PAC Bond will be greater or smaller than predicted. Because of these features, PAC Bonds generally are less subject to the risks of prepayment than are other types of mortgage-backed securities.

Stripped Mortgage Securities. Stripped mortgage securities are derivative multiclass mortgage securities. Stripped mortgage securities may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. Stripped mortgage securities have greater volatility than other types of mortgage securities. Although stripped mortgage securities are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, the market for such securities has not yet been fully developed. Accordingly, stripped mortgage securities are generally illiquid.

Stripped mortgage securities are structured with two or more classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of stripped mortgage security will have at least one class receiving only a small portion of the interest and a larger portion of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive primarily interest and only a small portion of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (“IO” or interest-only), while the other class will receive the entire principal (“PO” or principal-only class). The yield to maturity on IOs, POs and other mortgage-backed securities that are purchased at a substantial premium or discount generally are extremely sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on such securities’ yield to maturity. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities even if the securities have received the highest rating by a NRSRO.

In addition to the stripped mortgage securities described above, certain Funds may invest in similar securities such as Super POs and Levered IOs which are more volatile than POs, IOs and IOettes. Risks associated with instruments such as Super POs are similar in nature to those risks related to investments in POs. IOettes represent the right to receive interest payments on an underlying pool of mortgages with similar risks as those associated with IOs. Unlike IOs, the owner also has the right to receive a very small portion of the principal. Risks connected with Levered IOs and IOettes are similar in nature to those associated with IOs. Such Funds may also invest in other similar instruments developed in the future that are deemed consistent with its investment objective, policies and restrictions. See “Additional General Tax Information For All Funds” in this SAI.

A Fund may also purchase stripped mortgage-backed securities for hedging purposes to protect that Fund against interest rate fluctuations. For example, since an IO will tend to increase in value as interest rates rise, it may be utilized to hedge against a decrease in value of other fixed-income securities in a rising interest rate environment.

 

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Stripped mortgage-backed securities may exhibit greater price volatility than ordinary debt securities because of the manner in which their principal and interest are returned to investors. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments can be extremely volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on stripped mortgage-backed securities that receive all or most of the interest are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other mortgage-backed obligations because their cash flow patterns are also volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. The market for CMOs and other stripped mortgage-backed securities may be less liquid if these securities lose their value as a result of changes in interest rates; in that case, a Fund may have difficulty in selling such securities.

Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities have structural characteristics similar to mortgage-backed securities. However, the underlying assets are not first-lien mortgage loans or interests therein; rather the underlying assets are often consumer or commercial debt contracts such as motor vehicle installment sales contracts, other installment loan contracts, home equity loans, leases of various types of property and receivables from credit card and other revolving credit arrangements. However, almost any type of fixed income assets may be used to create an asset-backed security, including other fixed income securities or derivative instruments such as swaps. Payments or distributions of principal and interest on asset-backed securities may be supported by non-governmental credit enhancements similar to those utilized in connection with mortgage-backed securities. Asset-backed securities though present certain risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. The credit quality of most asset-backed securities depends primarily on the credit quality of the assets underlying such securities, how well the entity issuing the security is insulated from the credit risk of the originator or any other affiliated entities, and the amount and quality of any credit enhancement of the securities. Asset-backed securities may not have the benefit of any security interest in the related asset.

Municipal Securities

Municipal securities include debt obligations issued by governmental entities to obtain funds for various public purposes, such as the construction of a wide range of public facilities, the refunding of outstanding obligations, the payment of general operating expenses, and the extension of loans to other public institutions and facilities. Private activity bonds that are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately-operated facilities are deemed to be municipal securities, only if the interest paid thereon is exempt from federal taxes. The underlying NVIT Money Market Fund may invest in municipal securities whether or not the interest paid is tax exempt as long as the securities are acceptable investments for money market funds.

Other types of municipal securities include short-term General Obligation Notes, Tax Anticipation Notes, Bond Anticipation Notes, Revenue Anticipation Notes, Project Notes, Tax-Exempt Commercial Paper, Construction Loan Notes and other forms of short-term tax-exempt loans. Such instruments are issued with a short-term maturity in anticipation of the receipt of tax funds, the proceeds of bond placements or other revenues.

Project Notes are issued by a state or local housing agency and are sold by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. While the issuing agency has the primary obligation with respect to its Project Notes, they are also secured by the full faith and credit of the United States through agreements with the issuing authority which provide that, if required, the federal government will lend the issuer an amount equal to the principal of and interest on the Project Notes.

The two principal classifications of municipal securities consist of “general obligation” and “revenue” issues. The Funds may also acquire “moral obligation” issues, which are normally issued by special purpose authorities. There are, of course, variations in the quality of municipal securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications, and the yields on municipal securities depend upon a variety of factors, including the financial condition of the issuer, general conditions of the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. Ratings represent the opinions of an NRSRO as to the quality of municipal securities. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality, and municipal securities with the same maturity, interest rate and rating may have different yields, while municipal securities of the same maturity and interest rate with different ratings may have the same yield. Subsequent to purchase, an issue of municipal securities may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below the minimum rating required for purchase. The subadviser will consider such an event in determining whether a Fund should continue to hold the obligation.

 

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An issuer’s obligations under its municipal securities are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the federal bankruptcy code, and laws, if any, which may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon the enforcement of such obligations or upon the ability of municipalities to levy taxes. The power or ability of an issuer to meet its obligations for the payment of interest on and principal of its municipal securities may be materially adversely affected by litigation or other conditions.

Nationwide Contract

Each Fund may invest in the Nationwide Contract. The Nationwide Contract is a fixed interest contract issued and guaranteed by Nationwide Life Insurance Company (“Nationwide”). This contract has a stable principal value and will pay each such Fund a fixed rate of interest. The fixed interest rate must be at least 3.50%, but may be higher. Nationwide will calculate the interest rate in the same way that it calculates guaranteed interest rates for similar contracts. Because of the guaranteed nature of the contract, the Funds will not directly participate in the actual experience of the assets underlying the contract. Although under certain market conditions a Fund’s performance may be hurt by its investment in the Nationwide Contract, Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA” or the “Adviser”) believes that the stable nature of the Nationwide Contract should reduce a Fund’s volatility and overall risk, especially when the bond and stock markets decline simultaneously.

While the Nationwide Contract is guaranteed by Nationwide as described above, if Nationwide becomes unable to meet this guarantee, a Fund that invests in the contract may lose money from unpaid principal or unpaid or reduced interest. Because the entire contract is issued and guaranteed by a single issuer, the financial health of such issuer may have a greater impact on the value of a Fund that invests in it.

Put Bonds

“Put” bonds are securities (including securities with variable interest rates) that may be sold back to the issuer of the security at face value at the option of the holder prior to their stated maturity. A Fund’s subadviser intends to purchase only those put bonds for which the put option is an integral part of the security as originally issued. The option to “put” the bond back to the issuer prior to the stated final maturity can cushion the price decline of the bond in a rising interest rate environment. However, the premium paid, if any, for an option to put will have the effect of reducing the yield otherwise payable on the underlying security. For the purpose of determining the “maturity” of securities purchased subject to an option to put, and for the purpose of determining the dollar weighted average maturity of a Fund holding such securities, the Fund will consider “maturity” to be the first date on which it has the right to demand payment from the issuer.

Standby Commitment Agreements

Standby commitment agreements commit a Fund, for a stated period of time, to purchase a stated amount of fixed-income securities that may be issued and sold to the Fund at the option of the issuer. The price and coupon of the security is fixed at the time of the commitment. At the time of entering into the agreement the Fund is paid a commitment fee, regardless of whether or not the security is ultimately issued. Funds enter into such agreements for the purpose of investing in the security underlying the commitment at a yield and price that is considered advantageous to the Fund.

There can be no assurance that the securities subject to a standby commitment will be issued and the value of the security, if issued, on the delivery date may be more or less than its purchase price. Since the issuance of the security underlying the commitment is at the option of the issuer, a Fund may bear the risk of a decline in the value of such security and may not benefit from appreciation in the value of the security during the commitment period if the security is not ultimately issued.

The purchase of a security subject to a standby commitment agreement and the related commitment fee will be recorded on the date on which the security can reasonably be expected to be issued, and the value of the security will thereafter be reflected in the calculation of a Fund’s net asset value. The cost basis of the security will be adjusted by the amount of the commitment fee. In the event the security is not issued, the commitment fee will be recorded as income on the expiration date of the standby commitment.

 

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Strip Bonds

Strip bonds are debt securities that are stripped of their interest (usually by a financial intermediary) after the securities are issued. The market value of these securities generally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than interest paying securities of comparable maturity.

U.S. Government Securities and U.S. Government Agency Securities

Underlying Funds may invest in a variety of securities which are issued or guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the U.S. government, and by various agencies or instrumentalities which have been established or sponsored by the U.S. government.

U.S. Treasury securities are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the United States. Securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies and U.S. government-sponsored instrumentalities may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, investors in such securities look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment, and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States itself in the event the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitment. Agencies which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States include the Export-Import Bank, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Financing Bank, and others. Certain agencies and instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), are, in effect, backed by the full faith and credit of the United States through provisions in their charters that they may make “indefinite and unlimited” drawings on the U.S. Treasury if needed to service its debt. Debt from certain other agencies and instrumentalities, including the Federal Home Loan Banks and Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), are not guaranteed by the United States, but those institutions are protected by the discretionary authority for the U.S. Treasury to purchase certain amounts of their securities to assist the institutions in meeting their debt obligations. Finally, other agencies and instrumentalities, such as the Farm Credit System and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), are federally chartered institutions under U.S. government supervision, but their debt securities are backed only by the creditworthiness of those institutions, not the U.S. government.

Some of the U.S. government agencies that issue or guarantee securities include the Export-Import Bank of the United States, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Housing Administration, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, and the Tennessee Valley Authority.

An instrumentality of a U.S. government agency is a government agency organized under Federal charter with government supervision. Instrumentalities issuing or guaranteeing securities include, among others, Federal Home Loan Banks, the Federal Land Banks, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Immediate Credit Banks and the FNMA.

The maturities of such securities usually range from three months to 30 years. While such securities may be guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government or its instrumentalities, their market values may fluctuate and are not guaranteed, which may, along with the other securities in the Fund’s portfolio, cause a Fund’s daily net asset value to fluctuate.

The Federal Reserve creates STRIPS (Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities) by separating the coupon payments and the principal payment from an outstanding Treasury security and selling them as individual securities. To the extent a Fund purchases the principal portion of STRIPS, the Fund will not receive regular interest payments. Instead STRIPS are sold at a deep discount from their face value. Because the principal portion of the STRIPS does not pay current income, its price can be volatile when interest rates change. In calculating its dividend, the Fund takes into account as income a portion of the difference between the principal portion of the STRIPS’ purchase price and its face value.

In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Federal Housing Finance Administration (“FHFA”) announced that FNMA and FHLMC would be placed into a conservatorship under FHFA. The long-term effect that this conservatorship will have on these companies’ debt and equity securities is unclear.

 

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TIPS Bonds. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (“TIPS”) are fixed-income securities issued by the U.S. Treasury whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. The U.S. Treasury uses a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Inflation-indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury have maturities of five, ten or thirty years, although it is possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. TIPS bonds typically pay interest on a semi-annual basis, equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted amount. For example, if a Fund purchased an inflation-indexed bond with a par value of $1,000 and a 3% real rate of return coupon (payable 1.5% semi-annually), and inflation over the first six months was 1%, the mid-year par value of the bond would be $1,010 and the first semi-annual interest payment would be $15.15 ($1,010 times 1.5%). If inflation during the second half of the year resulted in the whole year’s inflation equaling 3%, the end-of-year par value of the bond would be $1,030 and the second semi-annual interest payment would be $15.45 ($1,030 times 1.5%).

If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate.

The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-indexed bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increased at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds.

While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond’s inflation measure.

The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-indexed bonds is tied to the Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services.

Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.

When-Issued Securities and Delayed-Delivery Transactions

When securities are purchased on a “when-issued” basis or purchased for delayed delivery, then payment and delivery occur beyond the normal settlement date at a stated price and yield. When-issued transactions normally settle within 45 days. The payment obligation and the interest rate that will be received on when-issued securities are fixed at the time the buyer enters into the commitment. Due to fluctuations in the value of securities purchased or sold on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis, the yields obtained on such securities may be higher or lower than the yields available in the market on the dates when the investments are actually delivered to the buyers. The greater a Fund’s outstanding commitments for these securities, the greater the exposure to potential fluctuations in the net asset value of a Fund. Purchasing when-issued or delayed-delivery securities may involve the additional risk that the yield or market price available in the market when the delivery occurs may be higher or the market price lower than that obtained at the time of commitment.

When a Fund agrees to purchase when-issued or delayed-delivery securities, to the extent required by the SEC, its custodian will earmark or set aside permissible liquid assets equal to the amount of the commitment in a segregated account. Normally, the custodian will earmark or set aside portfolio securities to satisfy a purchase commitment, and in such a case a Fund may be required subsequently to earmark or place additional assets in the segregated assets in order to ensure that the value of the segregated account remains equal to the amount of such

 

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Fund’s commitment. It may be expected that a Fund’s net assets will fluctuate to a greater degree when it earmarks or sets aside portfolio securities to cover such purchase commitments than when it sets aside cash. In addition, because the Fund will earmark or set aside cash or liquid portfolio securities to satisfy its purchase commitments in the manner described above, such Fund’s liquidity and the ability of its subadviser to manage it might be affected in the event its commitments to purchase “when-issued” securities ever exceed 25% of the value of its total assets. When a Fund engages in when-issued or delayed-delivery transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of the seller to do so may result in a Fund incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price considered to be advantageous.

Zero Coupon Securities, Step-Coupon Securities, Pay-In-Kind Bonds (“PIK Bonds”) and Deferred Payment Securities

Zero coupon securities are debt securities that pay no cash income but are sold at substantial discounts from their value at maturity. Step-coupon securities are debt securities that do not make regular cash interest payments and are sold at a deep discount to their face value. When a zero coupon security is held to maturity, its entire return, which consists of the amortization of discount, comes from the difference between its purchase price and its maturity value. This difference is known at the time of purchase, so that investors holding zero coupon securities until maturity know at the time of their investment what the expected return on their investment will be. Zero coupon securities may have conversion features. PIK bonds pay all or a portion of their interest in the form of debt or equity securities. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero coupon securities until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals. Deferred payment securities are often sold at substantial discounts from their maturity value.

Zero coupon securities, PIK bonds and deferred payment securities tend to be subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates than are ordinary interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. The value of zero coupon securities appreciates more during periods of declining interest rates and depreciates more during periods of rising interest rates than ordinary interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. Zero coupon securities, PIK bonds and deferred payment securities may be issued by a wide variety of corporate and governmental issuers. Although these instruments are generally not traded on a national securities exchange, they are widely traded by brokers and dealers and, to such extent, will not be considered illiquid for the purposes of a Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

Current federal income tax law requires the holder of zero coupon securities, certain PIK bonds and deferred payment securities acquired at a discount (such as Brady Bonds) to accrue income with respect to these securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. Accordingly, to avoid liability for federal income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to distribute income accrued with respect to these securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to satisfy these distribution requirements.

OTHER TYPES OF INVESTMENTS OR STRATEGIES

Each Fund may invest in or use any of the other types of investments or strategies identified herein.

Borrowing

Each Fund may borrow money from banks, limited by each Fund’s fundamental investment restriction (generally, 33-1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed)), including borrowings for temporary or emergency purposes. A Fund may engage in mortgage dollar roll and reverse repurchase agreements which may be considered a form of borrowing unless the Fund covers its exposure by segregating or earmarking liquid assets.

Leverage. The use of leverage by a Fund creates an opportunity for greater total return, but, at the same time, creates special risks. For example, leveraging may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of Fund shares and in the yield on an Index Fund’s portfolio. Although the principal of such borrowings will be fixed, a Fund’s assets may change in value during the time the borrowings are outstanding. Borrowings will create interest expenses for the Fund which can exceed the income from the assets purchased with the borrowings. To the extent the income or capital appreciation derived from securities purchased with borrowed funds exceeds the interest a

 

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Fund will have to pay on the borrowings, the Fund’s return will be greater than if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the income or capital appreciation from the securities purchased with such borrowed funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of borrowing, the return to a Fund will be less than if leverage had not been used, and therefore the amount available for distribution to shareholders as dividends and other distributions will be reduced. In the latter case, a Fund’s subadviser in its best judgment nevertheless may determine to maintain a Fund’s leveraged position if it expects that the benefits to the Fund’s shareholders of maintaining the leveraged position will outweigh the current reduced return.

Certain types of borrowings by a Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants in credit agreements relating to asset coverage, portfolio composition requirements and other matters. It is not anticipated that observance of such covenants would impede the Fund’s subadviser from managing a Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. However, a breach of any such covenants not cured within the specified cure period may result in acceleration of outstanding indebtedness and require a Fund to dispose of portfolio investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.

An affiliated Underlying Fund that is “passively” managed as an “index” fund at times may borrow from affiliates of BlackRock Investment Management, LLC (“BlackRock”), provided that the terms of such borrowings are no less favorable than those available from comparable sources of funds in the marketplace.

Derivative Instruments

Each Fund may use instruments referred to as derivative securities. Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from another security, a commodity (such as gold or oil), a currency or an index (a measure of value or rates, such as the S&P 500 Index or the prime lending rate). Derivatives allow a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. Each Fund may use derivatives as a substitute for taking a position in a security, a group of securities or a securities index as well as for hedging and non -hedging purposes. Certain Funds, as noted in their respective Prospectuses, may also use derivatives for speculative purposes to seek to enhance returns. The use of a derivative is speculative if the Fund is primarily seeking to achieve gains, rather than offset the risk of other positions. When a Fund invests in a derivative for speculative purposes, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the derivative’s cost. No Fund may use any derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly.

Derivatives generally have investment characteristics that are based upon either forward contracts (under which one party is obligated to buy and the other party is obligated to sell an underlying asset at a specific price on a specified date) or option contracts (under which the holder of the option has the right but not the obligation to buy or sell an underlying asset at a specified price on or before a specified date). Consequently, the change in value of a forward-based derivative generally is roughly proportional to the change in value of the underlying asset. In contrast, the buyer of an option-based derivative generally will benefit from favorable movements in the price of the underlying asset but is not exposed to the corresponding losses that result from adverse movements in the value of the underlying asset. The seller (writer) of an option-based derivative generally will receive fees or premiums but generally is exposed to losses resulting from changes in the value of the underlying asset. Derivative transactions may include elements of leverage and, accordingly, the fluctuation of the value of the derivative transaction in relation to the underlying asset may be magnified.

The use of these instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the several options and futures exchanges upon which they may be traded, and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”). Each Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition or the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA.

Special Risks of Derivative Instruments. The use of derivative instruments involves special considerations and risks as described below. Risks pertaining to particular instruments are described in the sections that follow.

 

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(1) Successful use of most of these instruments depends upon a Fund’s subadviser’s ability to predict movements of the overall securities and currency markets, which requires different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy adopted will succeed.

(2) There might be imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of an instrument and price movements of the investments being hedged. For example, if the value of an instrument used in a short hedge (such as writing a call option, buying a put option, or selling a futures contract) increased by less than the decline in value of the hedged investment, the hedge would not be fully successful. Such a lack of correlation might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculative or other pressures on the markets in which these instruments are traded. The effectiveness of hedges using instruments on indices will depend on the degree of correlation between price movements in the index and price movements in the investments being hedged, as well as, how similar the index is to the portion of the Fund’s assets being hedged in terms of securities composition.

(3) Hedging strategies, if successful, can reduce the risk of loss by wholly or partially offsetting the negative effect of unfavorable price movements in the investments being hedged. However, hedging strategies can also reduce opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements in the hedged investments. For example, if a Fund entered into a short hedge because a Fund’s subadviser projected a decline in the price of a security in the Fund’s portfolio, and the price of that security increased instead, the gain from that increase might be wholly or partially offset by a decline in the price of the instrument. Moreover, if the price of the instrument declines by more than the increase in the price of the security, a Fund could suffer a loss.

(4) As described below, a Fund might be required to maintain assets as “cover,” maintain segregated accounts, or make margin payments when it takes positions in these instruments involving obligations to third parties (i.e., instruments other than purchased options). If the Fund were unable to close out its positions in such instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expired or matured. The requirements might impair the Fund’s ability to sell a portfolio security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. The Fund’s ability to close out a position in an instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends on the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the other party to the transaction (“counterparty”) to enter into a transaction closing out the position. Therefore, there is no assurance that any hedging position can be closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund.

For a discussion of the federal income tax treatment of a Fund’s derivative instruments, see “Additional General Tax Information for All Funds.”

Options. A Fund may purchase or write put and call options on securities and indices, and may purchase options on foreign currencies, and enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate an existing position. The purchase of call options serves as a long hedge, and the purchase of put options serves as a short hedge. Writing put or call options can enable a Fund to enhance income by reason of the premiums paid by the purchaser of such options. Writing call options serves as a limited short hedge because declines in the value of the hedged investment would be offset to the extent of the premium received for writing the option. However, if the security appreciates to a price higher than the exercise price of the call option, it can be expected that the option will be exercised, and a Fund will be obligated to sell the security at less than its market value or will be obligated to purchase the security at a price greater than that at which the security must be sold under the option. All or a portion of any assets used as cover for OTC options written by a Fund would be considered illiquid to the extent described under “Restricted, Non-Publicly Traded and Illiquid Securities” below. Writing put options serves as a limited long hedge because increases in the value of the hedged investment would be offset to the extent of the premium received for writing the option. However, if the security depreciates to a price lower than the exercise price of the put option, it can be expected that the put option will be exercised, and the Fund will be obligated to purchase the security at more than its market value.

 

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The value of an option position will reflect, among other things, the historical price volatility of the underlying investment, the current market value of the underlying investment, the time remaining until expiration of the option, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price of the underlying investment, and general market conditions. Options that expire unexercised have no value. Options used by a Fund may include European-style options, which can only be exercised at expiration. This is in contrast to American-style options which can be exercised at any time prior to the expiration date of the option.

A Fund may effectively terminate its right or obligation under an option by entering into a closing transaction. For example, a Fund may terminate its obligation under a call or put option that it had written by purchasing an identical call or put option; this is known as a closing purchase transaction. Conversely, a Fund may terminate a position in a put or call option it had purchased by writing an identical put or call option; this is known as a closing sale transaction. Closing transactions permit the Fund to realize the profit or limit the loss on an option position prior to its exercise or expiration.

A Fund may purchase or write both OTC options and options traded on foreign and U.S. exchanges. Exchange-traded options are issued by a clearing organization affiliated with the exchange on which the option is listed that, in effect, guarantees completion of every exchange-traded option transaction. OTC options are contracts between the Fund and the counterparty (usually a securities dealer or a bank) with no clearing organization guarantee. Thus, when the Fund purchases or writes an OTC option, it relies on the counter party to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option. Failure by the counter party to do so would result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction.

A Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-listed options depends on the existence of a liquid market. A Fund generally intends to purchase or write only those exchange-traded options for which there appears to be a liquid secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. Closing transactions can be made for OTC options only by negotiating directly with the counterparty, or by a transaction in the secondary market if any such market exists. Although a Fund will enter into OTC options only with counterparties that are expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with a Fund, there is no assurance that such Fund will in fact be able to close out an OTC option at a favorable price prior to expiration. In the event of insolvency of the counterparty, a Fund might be unable to close out an OTC option position at any time prior to its expiration.

If a Fund is unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction for a covered call option written by a Fund could cause material losses because the Fund would be unable to sell the investment used as a cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.

A Fund may engage in options transactions on indices in much the same manner as the options on securities discussed above, except that index options may serve as a hedge against overall fluctuations in the securities markets in general.

The writing and purchasing of options is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. Imperfect correlation between the options and securities markets may detract from the effectiveness of attempted hedging.

Transactions using OTC options (other than purchased options) expose a Fund to counterparty risk. To the extent required by SEC guidelines, a Fund will not enter into any such transactions unless it owns either (1) an offsetting (“covered”) position in securities, other options, or futures or (2) cash and liquid obligations with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations to the extent not covered as provided in (1) above. A Fund will also earmark or set aside cash and/or appropriate liquid assets in a segregated custodial account if required to do so by the SEC and CFTC regulations. Assets used as cover or held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding option or futures contract is open, unless they are replaced with similar assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of the Fund’s assets to earmarking or segregated accounts as a cover could impede portfolio management or the Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.

 

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An interest rate option is an agreement with a counterparty giving the buyer the right but not the obligation to buy or sell one of an interest rate hedging vehicle (such as a treasury future or interest rate swap) at a future date at a predetermined price. The option buyer would pay a premium at the inception of the agreement. An interest rate option can be used to actively manage a Fund’s interest rate risk with respect to either an individual bond or an overlay of the entire portfolio.

Spread Transactions. A Fund may purchase covered spread options from securities dealers. Such covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives a Fund the right to put, or sell, a security that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread in relationship to another security that the Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to a Fund in purchasing covered spread options is the cost of the premium paid for the spread option and any transaction costs. In addition, there is no assurance that closing transactions will be available. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect a Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. Such protection is only provided during the life of the spread option.

Futures Contracts. A Fund may enter into futures contracts, including interest rate, index, and currency futures and purchase and write (sell) related options. The purchase of futures or call options thereon can serve as a long hedge, and the sale of futures or the purchase of put options thereon can serve as a short hedge. Writing covered call options on futures contracts can serve as a limited short hedge, and writing covered put options on futures contracts can serve as a limited long hedge, using a strategy similar to that used for writing covered options in securities. A Fund’s hedging may include purchases of futures as an offset against the effect of expected increases in securities prices or currency exchange rates and sales of futures as an offset against the effect of expected declines in securities prices or currency exchange rates. A Fund may write put options on futures contracts while at the same time purchasing call options on the same futures contracts in order to create synthetically a long futures contract position. Such options would have the same strike prices and expiration dates. A Fund will engage in this strategy only when a Fund’s subadviser believes it is more advantageous to a Fund than purchasing the futures contract.

To the extent required by regulatory authorities, a Fund will only enter into futures contracts that are traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or boards of trade approved by the CFTC and are standardized as to maturity date and underlying financial instrument. These transactions may be entered into for “bona fide hedging” purposes as defined in CFTC regulations and other permissible purposes including increasing return, substituting a position in a security, group of securities or an index, and hedging against changes in the value of portfolio securities due to anticipated changes in interest rates, currency values and/or market conditions. There is no overall limit on the percentage of a Fund’s assets that may be at risk with respect to futures activities. Although techniques other than sales and purchases of futures contracts could be used to obtain or reduce a Fund’s exposure to market, currency, or interest rate fluctuations, such Fund may be able to obtain or hedge its exposure more effectively and perhaps at a lower cost through using futures contracts.

A futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific financial instrument (e.g., debt security), asset or currency for a specified price at a designated date, time, and place. An index futures contract is an agreement pursuant to which the parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified multiplier times the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index futures contract was originally written. Transaction costs are incurred when a futures contract is bought or sold and margin deposits must be maintained. A futures contract may be satisfied by delivery or purchase, as the case may be, of the instrument, the currency, or by payment of the change in the cash value of the index. More commonly, futures contracts are closed out prior to delivery by entering into an offsetting transaction in a matching futures contract. Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of those securities is made. If the offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, a Fund realizes a gain; if it is more, a Fund realizes a loss. Conversely, if the offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, a Fund realizes a gain; if it is less, a Fund realizes a loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations. There can be no assurance, however, that a Fund will be able to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to a particular futures contract at a particular time. If a Fund is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, the Fund will continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contract.

 

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No price is paid by a Fund upon entering into a futures contract. Instead, at the inception of a futures contract, the Fund is required to deposit with the futures broker or in a segregated account with its custodian, in the name of the futures broker through whom the transaction was effected, “initial margin” consisting of cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid obligations, in an amount generally equal to 10% or less of the contract value. Margin must also be deposited when writing a call or put option on a futures contract, in accordance with applicable exchange rules. Unlike margin in securities transactions, initial margin on futures contracts does not represent a borrowing, but rather is in the nature of a performance bond or good-faith deposit that is returned to a Fund at the termination of the transaction if all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Under certain circumstances, such as periods of high volatility, a Fund may be required by an exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment, and initial margin requirements might be increased generally in the future by regulatory action.

Subsequent “variation margin” payments are made to and from the futures broker daily as the value of the futures position varies, a process known as “marking to market.” Variation margin does not involve borrowing, but rather represents a daily settlement of a Fund’s obligations to or from a futures broker. When a Fund purchases an option on a future, the premium paid plus transaction costs is all that is at risk. In contrast, when a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract or writes a call or put option thereon, it is subject to daily variation margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. If a Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous. Purchasers and sellers of futures positions and options on futures can enter into offsetting closing transactions by selling or purchasing, respectively, an instrument identical to the instrument held or written. Positions in futures and options on futures may be closed only on an exchange or board of trade on which they were entered into (or through a linked exchange). Although the Funds generally intend to enter into futures transactions only on exchanges or boards of trade where there appears to be an active market, there can be no assurance that such a market will exist for a particular contract at a particular time.

Under certain circumstances, futures exchanges may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a future or option on a futures contract can vary from the previous day’s settlement price; once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions.

If a Fund were unable to liquidate a futures contract or option on a futures contract position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses, because it would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position. In addition, except in the case of purchased options, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments and might be required to maintain the position being hedged by the future or option or to maintain cash or securities in a segregated account.

Certain characteristics of the futures market might increase the risk that movements in the prices of futures contracts or options on futures contracts might not correlate perfectly with movements in the prices of the investments being hedged. For example, all participants in the futures and options on futures contracts markets are subject to daily variation margin calls and might be compelled to liquidate futures or options on futures contracts positions whose prices are moving unfavorably to avoid being subject to further calls. These liquidations could increase price volatility of the instruments and distort the normal price relationship between the futures or options and the investments being hedged. Also, because initial margin deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets, there might be increased participation by speculators in the future markets. This participation also might cause temporary price distortions. In addition, activities of large traders in both the futures and securities markets involving arbitrage, “program trading” and other investment strategies might result in temporary price distortions.

Commodity Futures Contracts. Commodity futures may be based upon commodities within five main commodity groups: (1) energy, which includes crude oil, natural gas, gasoline and heating oil; (2) livestock, which includes cattle and hogs; (3) agriculture, which includes wheat, corn, soybeans, cotton, coffee, sugar and cocoa; (4) industrial metals, which includes aluminum, copper, lead, nickel, tin and zinc; and (5) precious metals, which includes gold, platinum and silver. The Fund may purchase and sell commodity futures contracts, options on futures contracts and options and futures on commodity indices with respect to these five main commodity groups and the individual commodities within each group, as well as other types of commodities.

 

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Risks Associated with Commodity Futures Contracts. There are several additional risks associated with transactions in commodity futures contracts.

 

   

Storage. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately.

 

   

Reinvestment. In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments.

 

   

Other Economic Factors. The commodities which underlie commodity futures contracts may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. These factors may have a larger impact on commodity prices.

Indexed and Inverse Securities. A Fund may invest in securities the potential return of which is based on an index or interest rate. As an illustration, a Fund may invest in a debt security that pays interest based on the current value of an interest rate index, such as the prime rate. A Fund may also invest in a debt security that returns principal at maturity based on the level of a securities index or a basket of securities, or based on the relative changes of two indices. In addition, certain Funds may invest in securities the potential return of which is based inversely on the change in an index or interest rate (that is, a security the value of which will move in the opposite direction of changes to an index or interest rate). For example, a Fund may invest in securities that pay a higher rate of interest when a particular index decreases and pay a lower rate of interest (or do not fully return principal) when the value of the index increases. If a Fund invests in such securities, it may be subject to reduced or eliminated interest payments or loss of principal in the event of an adverse movement in the relevant interest rate, index or indices. Indexed and inverse securities involve credit risk, and certain indexed and inverse securities may involve leverage risk, liquidity risk and currency risk. When used for hedging purposes, indexed and inverse securities involve correlation risk. (Furthermore, where such a security includes a contingent liability, in the event of an adverse movement in the underlying index or interest rate, a Fund may be required to pay substantial additional margin to maintain the position.)

Credit Linked Notes. A credit linked note (“CLN”) is a type of hybrid instrument in which a special purpose entity issues a structured note (the “Note Issuer”) that is intended to replicate a corporate bond or a portfolio of corporate bonds. The purchaser of the CLN (the “Note Purchaser”) invests a par amount and receives a payment during the term of the CLN that equals a fixed or floating rate of interest equivalent to a highly rated funded asset (such as a bank certificate of deposit) plus an additional premium that relates to taking on the credit risk of an identified bond (the “Reference Bond”). Upon maturity of the CLN, the Note Purchaser will receive a payment equal to: (i) the original par amount paid to the Note issuer, if there is neither a designated event of default (an

 

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“Event of Default”) with respect to the Reference Bond nor a restructuring of the issuer of the Reference Bond (a “Restructuring Event”); or (ii) the value of the Reference Bond if an Event of Default or a Restructuring Event has occurred. Depending upon the terms of the CLN, it is also possible that the Note Purchaser may be required to take physical delivery of the Reference Bond in the event of an Event of Default or a Restructuring Event.

Structured Notes. An Underlying Fund may use structured notes to pursue its objective. Structured notes generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. They are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security or asset. This restructuring involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, of specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans) and the issuance by that entity of one or more classes of securities (“structured securities”) backed by, or representing interests in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments.

With respect to structured notes, because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Investments in structured securities are generally of a class that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities. Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there is currently no active trading market for these securities. See also, “Description of Portfolio Instruments And Investment Policies — Restricted, Non-Publicly Traded and Illiquid Securities.”

Swap Agreements. An Underlying Fund may enter into interest rate, total return, securities index, commodity, or security and currency exchange rate swap agreements for any lawful purpose consistent with such Fund’s investment objective, such as for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a particular desired return or spread at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return or spread. A Fund also may enter into swaps in order to protect against an increase in the price of, or the currency exchange rate applicable to, securities that the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from one or more days to several years. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. Swap agreements may include interest rate caps, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or “cap”; interest rate floors under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates fall below a specified level, or “floor”; and interest rate collars, under which a party sells a cap and purchases a floor, or vice versa, in an attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels. “Total return swaps” are contracts in which one party agrees to make payments of the total return from the underlying asset during the specified period, in return for payments equal to a fixed or floating rate of interest or the total return from another underlying asset.

The “notional amount” of the swap agreement is the agreed upon basis for calculating the obligations that the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. Under most swap agreements entered into by a Fund, the obligations of the parties would be exchanged on a “net basis.” Consequently, a Fund’s obligation (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”). A Fund’s obligation under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against amounts owed to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the maintenance of a segregated account consisting of cash or liquid assets.

Whether a Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend, in part, on a Fund’s adviser’s or subadviser’s ability to predict correctly whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments or otherwise replicate a particular

 

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benchmark index. Swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, a Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. The swaps market is largely unregulated.

A Fund will enter swap agreements only with counterparties that a Fund’s adviser or subadviser reasonably believes are capable of performing under the swap agreements. If there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, a Fund will have to rely on its contractual remedies (which may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws) pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction.

Credit Default Swaps. An Underlying Fund may enter into credit default swap contracts. An Underlying Fund would use credit default swap contracts to create direct or synthetic short or long exposure to domestic or foreign corporate or sovereign debt securities.

As the seller in a credit default swap contract, an Underlying Fund would be required to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the counterparty in the event of a default (or similar event) by a third party, such as a U.S. or foreign issuer, on the debt obligation. In return, an Underlying Fund would receive from the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no event of default (or similar event) occurs. If no event of default (or similar event) occurs, an Underlying Fund would keep the stream of payments and would have no payment of obligations. As the seller in a credit default swap contract, an Underlying Fund effectively would add economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, an Underlying Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.

As the purchaser in a credit default swap contract, an Underlying Fund would function as the counterparty referenced in the preceding paragraph. This would involve the risk that the investment might expire worthless. It also would involve credit risk – that the seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to an Underlying Fund in the event of a default (or similar event). As the purchaser in a credit default swap contract, an Underlying Fund’s investment would generate income only in the event of an actual default (or similar event) by the issuer of the underlying obligation.

Total Rate of Return Swaps. Total rate of return swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make payments of the total return from the underlying asset during the specified period, in return for payments equal to a fixed or floating rate of interest or the total return from another underlying asset. A total rate of return swap will allow a Fund to quickly and cost effectively invest cash flows into a diversified basket of assets which has the risk/return prospect of the Fund’s stated benchmark.

Hybrid Instruments. Hybrid instruments combine elements of derivative contracts with those of another security (typically a fixed-income security). All or a portion of the interest or principal payable on a hybrid security is determined by reference to changes in the price of an underlying asset or by reference to another benchmark (such as interest rates, currency exchange rates or indices). Hybrid instruments also include convertible securities with conversion terms related to an underlying asset or benchmark.

The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies, and depend upon the terms of the instrument. Thus, an investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks in addition to those associated with traditional fixed income or convertible securities. Hybrid instruments are also potentially more volatile and carry greater interest rate risks than traditional instruments. Moreover, depending on the structure of the particular hybrid, it may expose the Fund to leverage risks or carry liquidity risks.

Foreign Currency-Related Derivative Strategies - Special Considerations. A Fund may use options and futures and options on futures on foreign currencies and forward currency contracts to hedge against movements in the values of the foreign currencies in which a Fund’s securities are denominated. Currency contracts may also be purchased such that net exposure to an individual currency exceeds the value of the Fund’s securities that are denominated in that particular currency. A Fund may engage in currency exchange transactions to protect against uncertainty in the level of future exchange rates and may also engage in currency transactions to increase income and total return. Such currency hedges can protect against price movements in a security the Fund owns or intends to acquire that are attributable to changes in the value of the currency in which it is denominated. Such hedges do not, however, protect against price movements in the securities that are attributable to other causes.

 

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A Fund might seek to hedge against changes in the value of a particular currency when no hedging instruments on that currency are available or such hedging instruments are more expensive than certain other hedging instruments. In such cases, a Fund may hedge against price movements in that currency by entering into transactions using hedging instruments on another foreign currency or a basket of currencies, the values of which a subadviser believes will have a high degree of positive correlation to the value of the currency being hedged. The risk that movements in the price of the hedging instrument will not correlate perfectly with movements in the price of the currency being hedged is magnified when this strategy is used.

The value of derivative instruments on foreign currencies depends on the value of the underlying currency relative to the U.S. dollar. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market might involve substantially larger amounts than those involved in the use of such hedging instruments, a Fund could be disadvantaged by having to deal in the odd lot market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1 million) for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round lots.

There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation information generally is representative of very large transactions in the interbank market and thus might not reflect odd-lot transactions where rates might be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, round-the-clock market. To the extent the U.S. options or futures markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements might take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the markets for the derivative instruments until they reopen.

Settlement of derivative transactions involving foreign currencies might be required to take place within the country issuing the underlying currency. Thus, a Fund might be required to accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency in accordance with any U.S. or foreign regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by U.S. residents and might be required to pay any fees, taxes and charges associated with such delivery assessed in the issuing country.

Permissible foreign currency options will include options traded primarily in the OTC market. Although options on foreign currencies are traded primarily in the OTC market, a Fund will normally purchase OTC options on foreign currency only when a Fund’s subadviser believes a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular option at any specific time.

Forward Currency Contracts. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are entered into in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers.

At or before the maturity of a forward currency contract, a Fund may either sell a portfolio security and make delivery of the currency, or retain the security and fully or partially offset its contractual obligation to deliver the currency by purchasing a second contract. If a Fund retains the portfolio security and engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund, at the time of execution of the offsetting transaction, will incur a gain or a loss to the extent that movement has occurred in forward currency contract prices.

The precise matching of forward currency contract amounts and the value of the securities involved generally will not be possible because the value of such securities, measured in the foreign currency, will change after the foreign currency contract has been established. Thus, the Fund might need to purchase or sell foreign currencies in the spot (cash) market to the extent such foreign currencies are not covered by forward currency contracts. The projection of short-term currency market movements is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain.

 

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Markets for trading foreign forward currency contracts offer less protection against defaults than is available when trading in currency instruments on an exchange. Forward contracts are subject to the risk that the counter party to such contract will default on its obligations. Since a forward foreign currency exchange contract is not guaranteed by an exchange or clearinghouse, a default on the contract would deprive a Fund of unrealized profits or the benefits of a currency hedge, impose transaction costs or force the Fund to cover its purchase or sale commitments, if any, at the current market price. In addition, the institutions that deal in forward currency contracts are not required to continue to make markets in the currencies they trade and these markets can experience periods of illiquidity. To the extent that a substantial portion of a Fund’s total assets, adjusted to reflect the Fund’s net position after giving effect to currency transactions, is denominated or quoted in currencies of foreign countries, the Fund will be more susceptible to the risk of adverse economic and political developments within those countries.

Currency Hedging. While the values of forward currency contracts, currency options, currency futures and options on futures may be expected to correlate with exchange rates, they will not reflect other factors that may affect the value of a Fund’s investments. A currency hedge, for example, should protect a Yen-denominated bond against a decline in the Yen, but will not protect a Fund against price decline if the issuer’s creditworthiness deteriorates. Because the value of a Fund’s investments denominated in foreign currency will change in response to many factors other than exchange rates, a currency hedge may not be entirely successful in mitigating changes in the value of a Fund’s investments denominated in that currency over time.

A decline in the dollar value of a foreign currency in which a Fund’s securities are denominated will reduce the dollar value of the securities, even if their value in the foreign currency remains constant. The use of currency hedges does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities, but it does establish a rate of exchange that can be achieved in the future. In order to protect against such diminutions in the value of securities it holds, a Fund may purchase put options on the foreign currency. If the value of the currency does decline, the Fund will have the right to sell the currency for a fixed amount in dollars and will thereby offset, in whole or in part, the adverse effect on its securities that otherwise would have resulted. Conversely, if a rise in the dollar value of a currency in which securities to be acquired are denominated is projected, thereby potentially increasing the cost of the securities, a Fund may purchase call options on the particular currency. The purchase of these options could offset, at least partially, the effects of the adverse movements in exchange rates. Although currency hedges limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of a hedged currency, at the same time, they also limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currency increase.

A Fund may enter into foreign currency exchange transactions to hedge its currency exposure in specific transactions or portfolio positions. Currency contracts may also be purchased such that net exposure to an individual currency exceeds the value of the Fund’s securities that are denominated in that particular currency. Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale of forward currency with respect to specific receivables or payables of a Fund generally accruing in connection with the purchase or sale of its portfolio securities. Position hedging is the sale of forward currency with respect to portfolio security positions. A Fund may not position hedge to an extent greater than the aggregate market value (at the time of making such sale) of the hedged securities.

Foreign Commercial Paper. A Fund may invest in commercial paper which is indexed to certain specific foreign currency exchange rates. The terms of such commercial paper provide that its principal amount is adjusted upwards or downwards (but not below zero) at maturity to reflect changes in the exchange rate between two currencies while the obligation is outstanding. A Fund will purchase such commercial paper with the currency in which it is denominated and, at maturity, will receive interest and principal payments thereon in that currency, but the amount or principal payable by the issuer at maturity will change in proportion to the change (if any) in the exchange rate between two specified currencies between the date the instrument is issued and the date the instrument matures. While such commercial paper entails the risk of loss of principal, the potential for realizing gains as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rate enables a Fund to hedge or cross-hedge against a decline in the U.S. dollar value of investments denominated in foreign currencies while providing an attractive money market rate of return. A Fund will purchase such commercial paper either for hedging purposes or in order to seek investment gain. The Funds believe that such investments do not involve the creation of a senior security, but nevertheless will earmark or establish a segregated account with respect to its investments in this type of commercial paper and maintain in such account cash not available for investment or other liquid assets having a value equal to the aggregate principal amount of outstanding commercial paper of this type.

 

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Foreign Securities

Funds that invest in foreign securities offer the potential for more diversification than a Fund that invests only in the United States because securities traded on foreign markets have often (though not always) performed differently from securities traded in the United States. However, such investments often involve risks not present in U.S. investments that can increase the chances that a Fund will lose money. In particular, a Fund is subject to the risk that, because there are generally fewer investors on foreign exchanges and a smaller number of shares traded each day, it may be difficult for the Fund to buy and sell securities on those exchanges. In addition, prices of foreign securities may fluctuate more than prices of securities traded in the United States. Investments in foreign markets may also be adversely affected by governmental actions such as the imposition of punitive taxes. In addition, the governments of certain countries may prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on foreign investing in their capital markets or in certain industries. Any of these actions could severely affect security prices, impair a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell foreign securities or transfer the Fund’s assets or income back into the United States, or otherwise adversely affect a Fund’s operations. Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, difficulties in enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts, and political and social instability. Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be less extensive than those available to investors in the United States or other foreign countries. Dividends or interest on, or proceeds from the sale of, foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes.

Foreign Economy Risk. The economies of certain foreign markets often do not compare favorably with that of the United States with respect to such issues as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, resources, and balance of payments position. Certain such economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures.

Currency Risk and Exchange Risk. An Underlying Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In such case, changes in foreign currency exchange rates will affect the value of a Fund’s portfolio. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency loses value because the currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. Conversely, when the U.S. dollar decreases in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency gains value because the currency is worth more U.S. dollars. This risk, generally known as “currency risk,” means that a stronger U.S. dollar will reduce returns for U.S. investors while a weak U.S. dollar will increase those returns.

Governmental Supervision and Regulation/Accounting Standards. Many foreign governments supervise and regulate stock exchanges, brokers and the sale of securities less than does the United States. Some countries may not have laws to protect investors comparable to the U.S. securities laws. For example, some foreign countries may have no laws or rules against insider trading. Insider trading occurs when a person buys or sells a company’s securities based on nonpublic information about that company. Accounting standards in other countries are not necessarily the same as in the United States. If the accounting standards in another country do not require as much detail as U.S. accounting standards, it may be harder for Fund management to completely and accurately determine a company’s financial condition. In addition, the U.S. government has from time to time in the past imposed restrictions, through penalties and otherwise, on foreign investments by U.S. investors such as the Fund. If such restrictions should be reinstituted, it might become necessary for the Fund to invest all or substantially all of its assets in U.S. securities.

Certain Risks of Holding Fund Assets Outside the United States. A Fund generally holds its foreign securities and cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on a Fund’s ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank or depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. In addition, it is often more expensive for a Fund to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount a Fund can earn on its investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States.

 

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Settlement Risk. Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations also may involve certain risks (such as delays in payment for or delivery of securities) not typically generated by the settlement of U.S. investments. Communications between the United States and emerging market countries may be unreliable, increasing the risk of delayed settlements or losses of security certificates in markets that still rely on physical settlement. Settlements in certain foreign countries at times have not kept pace with the number of securities transactions; these problems may make it difficult for a Fund to carry out transactions. If a Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a purchase of securities, it may miss attractive investment opportunities and certain of its assets may be uninvested with no return earned thereon for some period. If a Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a sale of securities, it may lose money if the value of the security then declines or, if it has contracted to sell the security to another party, the Fund could be liable to that party for any losses incurred.

Investment in Emerging Markets. The Funds may invest in the securities of issuers domiciled in various countries with emerging capital markets. Emerging market countries are developing and low or middle income countries as identified by the International Finance Corporation or the World Bank. Emerging market countries may be found in regions such as Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe, the Middle East and Africa.

Investments in the securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit a Fund’s investment opportunities such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.

Emerging capital markets are developing in a dynamic political and economic environment brought about by events over recent years that have reshaped political boundaries and traditional ideologies. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities for a Fund. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that a Fund could lose the entire value of its investments in the affected market.

Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Emerging market securities may be substantially less liquid and more volatile than those of mature markets, and company shares may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the Fund’s acquisition or disposal of securities.

Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because a Fund will need to use brokers and counterparties that are less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets, and, along with other factors, could result in ownership registration being completely lost. A Fund would absorb any loss resulting from such registration problems and may have no successful claim for compensation.

Restrictions on Certain Investments. A number of publicly traded closed-end investment companies have been organized to facilitate indirect foreign investment in developing countries, and certain of such countries, such

 

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as Thailand, South Korea, Chile and Brazil, have specifically authorized such funds. There also are investment opportunities in certain of such countries in pooled vehicles that resemble open-end investment companies. In accordance with the 1940 Act, a Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of other investment companies, not more than 5% of which may be invested in any one such company. In addition, under the 1940 Act, a Fund may not own more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any investment company. These restrictions on investments in securities of investment companies may limit opportunities for a Fund to invest indirectly in certain developing countries. Shares of certain investment companies may at times be acquired only at market prices representing premiums to their net asset values. If a Fund acquires shares of other investment companies, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses of the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of such other investment companies.

Depositary Receipts. A Fund may invest in foreign securities by purchasing depositary receipts, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) or other securities convertible into securities of issuers based in foreign countries. These securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets, GDRs, in bearer form, are issued and designed for use outside the United States and EDRs (also referred to as Continental Depositary Receipts (“CDRs”)), in bearer form, may be denominated in other currencies and are designed for use in European securities markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying securities. EDRs are European receipts evidencing a similar arrangement. GDRs are receipts typically issued by non-U.S. banks and trust companies that evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. For purposes of a Fund’s investment policies, ADRs, GDRs and EDRs are deemed to have the same classification as the underlying securities they represent. Thus, an ADR, GDR or EDR representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock.

A Fund may invest in depositary receipts through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. While ADRs issued under these two types of facilities are in some respects similar, there are distinctions between them relating to the rights and obligations of ADR holders and the practices of market participants.

A depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or even necessarily the acquiescence of) the issuer of the deposited securities, although typically the depositary requests a letter of non-objection from such issuer prior to the establishment of the facility. Holders of unsponsored ADRs generally bear all the costs of such facilities. The depositary usually charges fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the deposited securities, the conversion of dividends into U.S. dollars, the disposition of non-cash distributions, and the performance of other services. The depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to pass through voting rights to ADR holders in respect of the deposited securities. In addition, an unsponsored facility is generally not obligated to distribute communications received from the issuer of the deposited securities or to disclose material information about such issuer in the U.S. and thus there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the depositary receipts. Unsponsored ADRs tend to be less liquid than sponsored ADRs.

Sponsored ADR facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored facilities, except that the issuer of the deposited securities enters into a deposit agreement with the depositary. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and responsibilities of the issuer, the depositary, and the ADR holders. With sponsored facilities, the issuer of the deposited securities generally will bear some of the costs relating to the facility (such as dividend payment fees of the depositary), although ADR holders continue to bear certain other costs (such as deposit and withdrawal fees). Under the terms of most sponsored arrangements, depositaries agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings and voting instructions, and to provide shareholder communications and other information to the ADR holders at the request of the issuer of the deposited securities.

Foreign Sovereign Debt. Certain Underlying Funds may invest in sovereign debt obligations issued by foreign governments. To the extent that a Fund invests in obligations issued by developing or emerging markets, these investments involve additional risks. Sovereign obligors in developing and emerging market countries are among the world’s largest debtors to commercial banks, other governments, international financial organizations and other financial institutions. These obligors have in the past experienced substantial difficulties in servicing their external debt obligations, which led to defaults on certain obligations and the restructuring of certain indebtedness.

 

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Restructuring arrangements have included, among other things, reducing and rescheduling interest and principal payments by negotiating new or amended credit agreements or converting outstanding principal and unpaid interest to Brady Bonds, and obtaining new credit for finance interest payments. Holders of certain foreign sovereign debt securities may be requested to participate in the restructuring of such obligations and to extend further loans to their issuers. There can be no assurance that the foreign sovereign debt securities in which a Fund may invest will not be subject to similar restructuring arrangements or to requests for new credit which may adversely affect the Fund’s holdings. Furthermore, certain participants in the secondary market for such debt may be directly involved in negotiating the terms of these arrangements and may therefore have access to information not available to other market participants.

Lending Portfolio Securities

An Underlying Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions, provided it receives collateral, with respect to each loan of U.S. securities, equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities loaned, and, with respect to each loan of non-U.S. securities, collateral of at least 105% of the value of the portfolio securities loaned, and at all times thereafter shall require the borrower to mark-to-market such collateral on a daily basis so that the market value of such collateral does not fall below 100% of the market value of the portfolio securities so loaned. By lending its portfolio securities, a Fund can increase its income through the investment of the collateral. For the purposes of this policy, a Fund considers collateral consisting of cash, U.S. government securities or letters of credit issued by banks whose securities meet the standards for investment by the Fund to be the equivalent of cash. From time to time, a Fund may return to the borrower or a third party which is unaffiliated with it, and which is acting as a “placing broker,” a part of the interest earned from the investment of collateral received for securities loaned.

The SEC currently requires that the following conditions must be met whenever portfolio securities are loaned: (1) a Fund must receive from the borrower collateral equal to at least 100% of the value of the portfolio securities loaned; (2) the borrower must increase such collateral whenever the market value of the securities loaned rises above the level of such collateral; (3) a Fund must be able to terminate the loan at any time; (4) a Fund must receive reasonable interest on the loan, as well as any dividends, interest or other distributions payable on the loaned securities, and any increase in market value; (5) a Fund may pay only reasonable custodian fees in connection with the loan; and (6) while any voting rights on the loaned securities may pass to the borrower, a Fund’s board of trustees must be able to terminate the loan and regain the right to vote the securities if a material event adversely affecting the investment occurs. These conditions may be subject to future modification. Loan agreements involve certain risks in the event of default or insolvency of the other party including possible delays or restrictions upon the Fund’s ability to recover the loaned securities or dispose of the collateral for the loan.

Investment of Securities Lending Collateral. The cash collateral received from a borrower as a result of a Fund’s securities lending activities will be used to purchase both fixed-income securities and other securities with debt-like characteristics that are rated A1 or P1 on a fixed rate or floating rate basis, including: bank obligations; commercial paper; investment agreements, funding agreements, or guaranteed investment contracts entered into with, or guaranteed by an insurance company; loan participations; master notes; medium term notes; repurchase agreements; and U.S. government securities. Except for the investment agreements, funding agreements or guaranteed investment contracts guaranteed by an insurance company, master notes, and medium term notes (which are described below), these types of investments are described elsewhere in the SAI. Collateral may also be invested in a money market mutual fund or short-term collective investment trust.

Investment agreements, funding agreements, or guaranteed investment contracts entered into with, or guaranteed by an insurance company are agreements where an insurance company either provides for the investment of the Fund’s assets or provides for a minimum guaranteed rate of return to the investor.

Master notes are promissory notes issued usually with large, creditworthy broker-dealers on either a fixed rate or floating rate basis. Master notes may or may not be collateralized by underlying securities. If the master note is issued by an unrated subsidiary of a broker-dealer, then an unconditional guarantee is provided by the issuer’s parent.

 

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Medium term notes are unsecured, continuously offered corporate debt obligations. Although medium term notes may be offered with a maturity from one to ten years, in the context of securities lending collateral, the maturity of the medium term note will not generally exceed two years.

Loan Participations and Assignments

Loan Participations typically will result in a Fund having a contractual relationship only with the lender, not with the borrower. A Fund will have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the lender selling the Loan Participation and only upon receipt by the lender of the payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing Loan Participations, a Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and a Fund may not benefit directly from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the Loan Participation. As a result, a Fund will assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the Loan Participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling a Loan Participation, a Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower. A Fund will acquire Loan Participations only if the lender interpositioned between the Fund and the borrower is determined by the subadviser to be creditworthy. When a Fund purchases Assignments from lenders, the Fund will acquire direct rights against the borrower on the loan, except that under certain circumstances such rights may be more limited than those held by the assigning lender.

A Fund may have difficulty disposing of Assignments and Loan Participations. Because the market for such instruments is not highly liquid, the Fund anticipates that such instruments could be sold only to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a highly liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the value of such instruments and will have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular Assignments or Loan Participations in response to a specific economic event, such as deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower.

In valuing a Loan Participation or Assignment held by a Fund for which a secondary trading market exists, the Fund will rely upon prices or quotations provided by banks, dealers or pricing services. To the extent a secondary trading market does not exist, the Fund’s Loan Participations and Assignments will be valued in accordance with procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees, taking into consideration, among other factors: (i) the creditworthiness of the borrower under the loan and the lender; (ii) the current interest rate; period until next rate reset and maturity of the loan; (iii) recent prices in the market for similar loans; and (iv) recent prices in the market for instruments of similar quality, rate, period until next interest rate reset and maturity.

Repurchase Agreements

In connection with the purchase by a Fund of a repurchase agreement from member banks of the Federal Reserve System or certain non-bank dealers, the Fund’s custodian, or a subcustodian, will have custody of, and will earmark or segregate securities acquired by the Fund under such repurchase agreement. Repurchase agreements are contracts under which the buyer of a security simultaneously commits to resell the security to the seller at an agreed-upon price and date. Repurchase agreements are considered by the staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to be loans by the Fund. Repurchase agreements may be entered into with respect to securities of the type in which the Fund may invest or government securities regardless of their remaining maturities, and will require that additional securities be deposited if the value of the securities purchased should decrease below resale price. Repurchase agreements involve certain risks in the event of default or insolvency by the other party, including possible delays or restrictions upon a Fund’s ability to dispose of the underlying securities, the risk of a possible decline in the value of the underlying securities during the period in which a Fund seeks to assert its rights to them, the risk of incurring expenses associated with asserting those rights and the risk of losing all or part of the income from the repurchase agreement. A Fund’s subadviser reviews the creditworthiness of those banks and non-bank dealers with which the Funds enter into repurchase agreements to evaluate these risks.

Restricted, Non-Publicly Traded and Illiquid Securities

A Fund may not invest more than 15% (5% for the underlying NVIT Money Market Fund) of its net assets, in the aggregate, in illiquid securities, including repurchase agreements which have a maturity of longer than seven

 

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days, time deposits maturing in more than seven days and securities that are illiquid because of the absence of a readily available market or legal or contractual restrictions on resale or other factors limiting the marketability of the security. Repurchase agreements subject to demand are deemed to have a maturity equal to the notice period.

Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), securities which are otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements having a maturity of longer than seven days. In addition, for purposes of the underlying NVIT Money Market Fund, a security is illiquid if it cannot be sold or disposed of within the ordinary course of business within seven calendar days at approximately the value ascribed to it by such underlying Fund. Securities which have not been registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Unless subsequently registered for sale, these securities can only be sold in privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to an exemption from registration. The Funds typically do not hold a significant amount of these restricted or other illiquid securities because of the potential for delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. Limitations on resale may have an adverse effect on the marketability of portfolio securities, and a Fund might be unable to dispose of restricted or other illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemptions within seven days. A Fund might also have to register such restricted securities in order to dispose of them resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities.

In recent years, however, a large institutional market has developed for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act including repurchase agreements, commercial paper, foreign securities, municipal securities and corporate bonds and notes. Institutional investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the unregistered security can be readily resold or on an issuer’s ability to honor a demand for repayment. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such investments.

The SEC has adopted Rule 144A which allows for a broader institutional trading market for securities otherwise subject to restriction on resale to the general public. Rule 144A establishes a “safe harbor” from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resales of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers.

Any such restricted securities will be considered to be illiquid for purposes of a Fund’s limitations on investments in illiquid securities unless, pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (“Board of Trustees”), the Fund’s subadviser has determined such securities to be liquid because such securities are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A and are readily saleable. To the extent that qualified institutional buyers may become uninterested in purchasing Rule 144A securities, a Fund’s level of illiquidity may increase.

A Fund may sell over-the-counter (“OTC”) options and, in connection therewith, earmark or segregate assets to cover its obligations with respect to OTC options written by the Fund. The assets used as cover for OTC options written by a Fund will be considered illiquid unless the OTC options are sold to qualified dealers who agree that the Fund may repurchase any OTC option it writes at a maximum price to be calculated by a formula set forth in the option agreement. The cover for an OTC option written subject to this procedure would be considered illiquid only to the extent that the maximum repurchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option.

A Fund’s subadviser will monitor the liquidity of restricted securities in the portion of a Fund it manages. In reaching liquidity decisions, the following factors are considered: (1) the unregistered nature of the security; (2) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (3) the number of dealers wishing to purchase or sell the security and the number of other potential purchasers; (4) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security and (5) the nature of the security and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of the transfer).

Private Placement Commercial Paper. Commercial paper eligible for resale under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act is offered only to accredited investors. Rule 506 of Regulation D in the Securities Act lists investment companies as an accredited investor.

 

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Section 4(2) paper not eligible for resale under Rule 144A under the Securities Act shall be deemed liquid if (1) the Section 4(2) paper is not traded flat or in default as to principal and interest; (2) the Section 4(2) paper is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least two NRSROs, or if only one NRSRO rates the security, it is rated in one of the two highest categories by that NRSRO; and (3) the Fund’s subadviser believes that, based on the trading markets for such security, such security can be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the security.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Mortgage Dollar Rolls

Underlying Funds may engage in reverse repurchase agreements to facilitate portfolio liquidity, a practice common in the mutual fund industry, or for arbitrage transactions discussed below. In a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund would sell a security and enter into an agreement to repurchase the security at a specified future date and price. A Fund generally retains the right to interest and principal payments on the security. Since a Fund receives cash upon entering into a reverse repurchase agreement, it may be considered a borrowing under the 1940 Act (see “Borrowing”). When required by guidelines of the SEC, a Fund will segregate or earmark permissible liquid assets to secure its obligations to repurchase the security. At the time a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish and maintain segregated or earmarked liquid assets with an approved custodian having a value not less than the repurchase price (including accrued interest). The segregated or earmarked liquid assets will be marked-to-market daily and additional assets will be segregated or earmarked on any day in which the assets fall below the repurchase price (plus accrued interest). A Fund’s liquidity and ability to manage its assets might be affected when it sets aside cash or portfolio securities to cover such commitments. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the securities retained in lieu of sale may decline below the price of the securities the Fund has sold but is obligated to repurchase. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such determination.

Mortgage dollar rolls are arrangements in which an Underlying Fund would sell mortgage-backed securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contract to purchase substantially similar securities on a specified future date. While a Fund would forego principal and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities during the roll period, the Fund would be compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the lower price for the future purchase as well as by any interest earned on the proceeds of the initial sale. A Fund also could be compensated through the receipt of fee income equivalent to a lower forward price. At the time the Fund would enter into a mortgage dollar roll, it would earmark or set aside permissible liquid assets in a segregated account to secure its obligation for the forward commitment to buy mortgage-backed securities. Depending on whether the segregated or earmarked assets are cash equivalent or some other type of security, entering into mortgage dollar rolls may subject the Fund to additional interest rate sensitivity. If the segregated or earmarked assets are cash equivalents that mature prior to the mortgage dollar roll settlement, there is little likelihood that the sensitivity will increase; however, if the segregated or earmarked assets are subject to interest rate risk because they settle later, then the Fund’s interest rate sensitivity could increase. Mortgage dollar roll transactions may be considered a borrowing by the Funds (See “Borrowing”).

Mortgage dollar rolls and reverse repurchase agreements may be used as arbitrage transactions in which a Fund will maintain an offsetting position in investment grade debt obligations or repurchase agreements that mature on or before the settlement date on the related mortgage dollar roll or reverse repurchase agreements. Since a Fund will receive interest on the securities or repurchase agreements in which it invests the transaction proceeds, such transactions may involve leverage. However, since such securities or repurchase agreements will be high quality and will mature on or before the settlement date of the mortgage dollar roll or reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund’s subadviser believes that such arbitrage transactions do not present the risks to the Fund that are associated with other types of leverage.

Short Selling of Securities

Certain Underlying Funds may engage in short selling of securities consistent with its “passive” indexing investment strategies. In a short sale of securities, a Fund sells stock which it does not own, making delivery with securities “borrowed” from a broker. The Fund is then obligated to replace the borrowed security by purchasing it at

 

40


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the market price at the time of replacement. This price may or may not be less than the price at which the security was sold by the Fund. Until the security is replaced, the Fund is required to pay the lender any dividends or interest which accrue during the period of the loan. In order to borrow the security, the Fund may also have to pay a premium and/or interest which would increase the cost of the security sold. The proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. In addition, the broker may require the deposit of collateral (generally, up to 50% of the value of the securities sold short).

A Fund will incur a loss as a result of the short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund replaces the borrowed security. A Fund will realize a gain if the security declines in price between those two dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased and the amount of any loss will be increased by any premium or interest the Fund may be required to pay in connection with the short sale. When a cash dividend is declared on a security for which the Fund has a short position, the Fund incurs the obligation to pay an amount equal to that dividend to the lender of the shorted security. However, any such dividend on a security sold short generally reduces the market value of the shorted security, thus increasing the Fund’s unrealized gain or reducing the Fund’s unrealized loss on its short-sale transaction. Whether a Fund will be successful in utilizing a short sale will depend, in part, on a Fund’s subadviser’s ability to correctly predict whether the price of a security it borrows to sell short will decrease.

In a short sale, the seller does not immediately deliver the securities sold and is said to have a short position in those securities until delivery occurs. A Fund must segregate or earmark an amount of cash or other liquid assets equal to the difference between (a) the market value of securities sold short at the time that they were sold short and (b) the value of the collateral deposited with the broker to meet margin requirements in connection with the short sale (not including the proceeds from the short sale). While the short position is open, the Fund must maintain on a daily basis segregated or earmarked liquid assets at such a level that the amount segregated or earmarked plus the amount of collateral deposited with the broker as margin equals the current market value of the securities sold short.

A Fund also may engage in short sales if at the time of the short sale the Fund owns or has the right to obtain without additional cost an equal amount of the security being sold short. This investment technique is known as a short sale “against the box.” The Funds do not intend to engage in short sales against the box for investment purposes. A Fund may, however, make a short sale as a hedge, when it believes that the price of a security may decline, causing a decline in the value of a security owned by the Fund (or a security convertible or exchangeable for such security), or when the Fund wants to sell the security at an attractive current price. In such case, any future losses in the Fund’s long position should be offset by a gain in the short position and, conversely, any gain in the long position should be reduced by a loss in the short position. The extent to which such gains or losses are reduced will depend upon the amount of the security sold short relative to the amount the Fund owns. There will be certain additional transaction costs associated with short sales against the box. For tax purposes a Fund that enters into a short sale “against the box” may be treated as having made a constructive sale of an “appreciated financial position” causing the Fund to realize a gain (but not a loss).

Temporary Investments

Generally each of the Funds will be fully invested in accordance with its investment objective and strategies. However, pending investment of cash balances or for other cash management purposes, or if a Fund’s adviser or subadviser believes that business, economic, political or financial conditions warrant, a Fund, may invest without limit in cash or money market cash equivalents, including: (1) short-term U.S. government securities; (2) certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, and interest-bearing savings deposits of commercial banks; (3) prime quality commercial paper; (4) repurchase agreements covering any of the securities in which the Fund may invest directly; and (5) subject to the limits of the 1940 Act, shares of other investment companies that invest in securities in which the Fund may invest. Should this occur, a Fund will not be pursuing its investment objective and may miss potential market upswings.

 

 

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PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

The portfolio turnover rate for each Fund is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the year by the monthly average value of the portfolio securities, excluding securities whose maturities at the time of purchase were one year or less. High portfolio turnover rates will generally result in higher brokerage expenses, and may increase the volatility of a Fund. The table below explains any significant variation in the Funds’ portfolio turnover rate for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 or any anticipated variation in the portfolio turnover rate from that reported for the last fiscal year:

 

FUND

  

20091

    

2008

 

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

     11.13%         21.38%   

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

     42.55%         24.69%   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

     22.60%         19.00%   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

     16.72%         22.71%   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

     26.10%         23.62%   

 

1

The portfolio manager for the Fund is not limited by portfolio turnover in his management style, and the Fund’s portfolio turnover will fluctuate based on particular market conditions and stock valuations.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

The following are fundamental investment restrictions for each of the Funds which cannot be changed without the vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund for which a change is proposed. The vote of the majority of the outstanding securities means the vote of (i) 67% or more of the voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are present or represented by proxy or (ii) a majority of the outstanding voting securities, whichever is less.

Each of the Funds:

 

   

May not lend any security or make any other loan except that each Fund may, in accordance with its investment objective and policies, (i) lend portfolio securities, (ii) purchase and hold debt securities or other debt instruments, including but not limited to loan participations and subparticipations, assignments, and structured securities, (iii) make loans secured by mortgages on real property, (iv) enter into repurchase agreements, and (v) make time deposits with financial institutions and invest in instruments issued by financial institutions, and enter into any other lending arrangement as and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule, order or interpretation thereunder.

 

   

May not purchase or sell real estate, except that each Fund may (i) acquire real estate through ownership of securities or instruments and sell any real estate acquired thereby, (ii) purchase or sell instruments secured by real estate (including interests therein), and (iii) purchase or sell securities issued by entities or investment vehicles that own or deal in real estate (including interests therein).

 

   

May not borrow money or issue senior securities, except that each Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements and may otherwise borrow money and issue senior securities as and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule, order or interpretation thereunder.

 

   

May not purchase or sell commodities or commodities contracts, except to the extent disclosed in the current Prospectus or SAI of such Fund.

 

   

May not act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that each Fund may be deemed an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

 

   

May not purchase the securities of any issuer if, as a result, 25% or more (taken at current value) of the Fund's total assets would be invested in the securities of the issuers, the principal activities of which are in the same industry; provided, that a Fund may invest more than 25% of its total assets in securities of issuers in an industry if the concentration in an industry is the result of the weighting in a particular industry in one or more Underlying Funds.

 

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Note, however, that the fundamental investment limitations described above do not prohibit each Fund from investing all or substantially all of its assets in the shares of other registered, open-end investment companies, such as the Underlying Funds.

The following are the NON-FUNDAMENTAL operating policies of each of the Funds, which MAY BE CHANGED by the Board of Trustees of the Trust WITHOUT SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL:

Each Fund may not:

 

   

Sell securities short, unless the Fund owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short or unless it covers such short sales as required by the current rules and positions of the SEC or its staff, and provided that short positions in forward currency contracts, options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, or other derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities short.

 

   

Purchase securities on margin, except that the Fund may use margin to the extent necessary to obtain such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and provided that margin deposits in connection with options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, and transactions in currencies or other derivative instruments shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin.

 

   

Purchase or otherwise acquire any security if, as a result, more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in securities that are illiquid. If any percentage restriction or requirement described above is satisfied at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in such percentage resulting from a change in net asset value will not constitute a violation of such restriction or requirement. However, should a change in net asset value or other external events cause a Fund’s investments in illiquid securities including repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days, to exceed the limit set forth above for such Fund’s investment in illiquid securities, a Fund will act to cause the aggregate amount of such securities to come within such limit as soon as is reasonably practicable. In such an event, however, such a Fund would not be required to liquidate any portfolio securities where a Fund would suffer a loss on the sale of such securities.

 

   

Pledge, mortgage or hypothecate any assets owned by the Fund except as may be necessary in connection with permissible borrowings or investments and then such pledging, mortgaging, or hypothecating may not exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets at the time of the borrowing or investment.

The investment objectives of each of the Funds are not fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.

Internal Revenue Code Restrictions

In addition to the investment restrictions above, each Fund must be diversified according to Internal Revenue Code requirements. Specifically, at each tax quarter end, each Fund’s holdings must be diversified so that (a) at least 50% of the market value of its total assets is represented by cash, cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other U.S. regulated investment companies, and other securities, limited so that no one issuer has a value greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and that the Fund holds no more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested in the securities (other than those of the U.S. Government or other U.S. regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, or of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.

Also, there are four requirements imposed on the Funds under Subchapter L of the Internal Revenue Code because they are used as investment options funding variable insurance products.

 

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  1) A Fund may invest no more that 55% of its total assets in one issuer (including securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities);

 

  2) A Fund may invest no more that 70% of its total assets in two issuers (including securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities);

 

  3) A Fund may invest no more that 80% of its total assets in three issuers (including securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities);

 

  4) A Fund may invest no more that 90% of its total assets in four issuers (including securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities);

Each U.S. government agency or instrumentality shall be treated as a separate issuer.

Insurance Law Restrictions

In connection with the Trust’s agreement to sell shares to separate accounts to fund benefits payable under variable life insurance policies and variable annuity contracts, the Trust’s investment adviser, Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA” or the “Adviser”) and the insurance companies may enter into agreements, required by certain state insurance departments, under which the NFA may agree to use their best efforts to assure and permit insurance companies to monitor that each Fund of the Trust complies with the investment restrictions and limitations prescribed by state insurance laws and regulations applicable to the investment of separate account assets in shares of mutual funds. If a Fund failed to comply with such restrictions or limitations, the separate accounts would take appropriate action which might include ceasing to make investments in the Fund or withdrawing from the state imposing the limitation. Such restrictions and limitations are not expected to have a significant impact on the Trust’s operations.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

The Board of Trustees of the Trust has adopted policies and procedures regarding the disclosure of portfolio holdings information to protect the interests of Fund shareholders and to address potential conflicts of interest that could arise between the interests of Fund shareholders and the interests of the Funds’ investment adviser, principal underwriter or affiliated persons of the Funds’ investment adviser or principal underwriter. The Trust’s overall policy with respect to the release of portfolio holdings is to release such information consistent with applicable legal requirements and the fiduciary duties owed to shareholders. Subject to the limited exceptions described below, the Trust will not make available to anyone non-public information with respect to its portfolio holdings until such time as the information is made available to all shareholders or the general public.

The policies and procedures are applicable to NFA and any subadviser to the Funds. Pursuant to the policy, the Funds, NFA, any subadviser, and any service provider acting on their behalf are obligated to:

 

   

Act in the best interests of Fund shareholders by protecting non-public and potentially material portfolio holdings information;

 

   

Ensure that portfolio holdings information is not provided to a favored group of clients or potential clients; and

 

   

Adopt such safeguards and controls around the release of client information so that no client or group of clients is unfairly disadvantaged as a result of such release.

Portfolio holdings information that is not publicly available will be released selectively only pursuant to the exceptions described below. In most cases, even where an exception applies, the release of portfolio holdings is strictly prohibited until the information is at least 15 calendar days old. Nevertheless, NFA’s Executive Committee or its duly authorized delegate may authorize, where circumstances dictate, the release of more current portfolio holdings information.

Each Fund posts onto the Trust’s internet site (www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds) substantially all of its securities holdings as of the end of each month. Such portfolio holdings are available no earlier than 15 calendar days after the end of the previous month, and generally remain available on the internet site until the Fund files its next quarterly portfolio holdings report on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q with the SEC. The Funds disclose their complete portfolio holdings information to the SEC using Form N-Q within 60 days of the end of the first and third

 

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quarter ends of the Funds’ fiscal year and on Form N-CSR on the second and fourth quarter ends of the Funds’ fiscal year. Form N-Q is not required to be mailed to shareholders, but is made public through the SEC’s electronic filings. Shareholders receive either complete portfolio holdings information or summaries of Fund portfolio holdings with their annual and semiannual reports.

Exceptions to the portfolio holdings release policy described above can only be authorized by NFA’s Executive Committee or its duly authorized delegate and will be made only when:

 

   

A Fund has a legitimate business purpose for releasing portfolio holdings information in advance of release to all shareholders or the general public;

 

   

The recipient of the information provides written assurances that the non-public portfolio holdings information will remain confidential and that persons with access to the information will be prohibited from trading based on the information; and

 

   

The release of such information would not otherwise violate the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws or the Funds’ fiduciary duties.

Under this policy, the receipt of compensation by a Fund, NFA, a subadviser, or an affiliate as consideration for disclosing non-public portfolio holdings information will not be deemed a legitimate business purpose.

The Funds have ongoing arrangements to distribute information about the Funds’ portfolio holdings to the Funds’ third party service providers described herein (e.g., investment adviser, subadvisers, registered independent public accounting firm, administrator, transfer agent, sub-administrator, sub-transfer agent, custodian and legal counsel) as well as Lipper Inc., Morningstar, Inc., RiskMetrics Group, Inc., FactSet Research Systems, Inc., the Investment Company Institute, and on occasion, to State Street Bank and Trust Company where it provides portfolio transition management assistance (e.g., upon change of subadviser, etc.). These organizations are required to keep such information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the Funds. No compensation or other consideration is received by the Funds, NFA or any other party in connection with each such ongoing arrangement.

NFA conducts periodic reviews of compliance with the policy and the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer provides annually a report to the Board of Trustees regarding the operation of the policy and any material changes recommended as a result of such review. NFA’s compliance staff will also submit annually to the Board a list of exceptions granted to the policy, including an explanation of the legitimate business purpose of the Fund that was served as a result of the exception.

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE TRUST

Management Information

Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust are listed in the table below. The names and ages of the Trustees and Officers, the date each was first elected to office, their principal business occupations, other directorships or trusteeships they have held during the last five years in any publicly-traded company or registered investment company, and their experience, qualifications, attributes, and skills also are shown below. There are 56 series of the Trust, all of which are overseen by the Board of Trustees and Officers of the Trust. The address for each Trustee and Officer is c/o Nationwide Funds Group, 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, PA 19406.

 

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NAME AND

YEAR OF

BIRTH

   POSITION(S)
HELD

WITH  THE
TRUST
AND
LENGTH
OF TIME
SERVED1
  

PRINCIPAL

OCCUPATION(S)

DURING PAST 5

YEARS

(OR LONGER)

   NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN THE
NATIONWIDE
FUND
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN
BY
TRUSTEE
   OTHER
DIRECTORS
HIPS HELD
BY
TRUSTEE
DURING
THE PAST
FIVE
YEARS2
  

EXPERIENCE,

QUALIFICATIONS,

ATTRIBUTES,

AND SKILLS

FOR BOARD

MEMBERSHIP

Charles E.
Allen

 

1948

   Trustee
since July
2000
   Mr. Allen is Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and President of Graimark Realty Advisors, Inc. (real estate development, investment and asset management).    87    None    Significant board experience; significant executive experience, including continuing service as chief executive officer and president of a real estate development, investment and asset management business; past service includes 18 years of financial services experience; audit committee financial expert.

 

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NAME AND

YEAR OF

BIRTH

   POSITION(S)
HELD
WITH THE
TRUST
AND
LENGTH
OF TIME
SERVED1
  

PRINCIPAL

OCCUPATION(S)

DURING PAST 5

YEARS

(OR LONGER)

   NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN THE
NATIONWIDE
FUND
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN
BY
TRUSTEE
  

OTHER

DIRECTORS

HIPS HELD

BY

TRUSTEE

DURING

THE PAST

FIVE

YEARS2

  

EXPERIENCE,

QUALIFICATIONS,

ATTRIBUTES,

AND SKILLS

FOR BOARD

MEMBERSHIP

Paula H.J.
Cholmondeley

 

1947

   Trustee
since July
2000
   Ms. Cholmondeley focuses full time on corporate governance. She sits on public company boards and is also on the faculty of the National Association of Corporate Directors. She has served as a Chief Executive Officer of Sorrel Group (management consulting company) since January 2004. From April 2000 through December 2003, Ms. Cholmondeley was Vice President and General Manager of Sappi Fine Paper North America.    87    Director of Dentsply International, Inc. (dental products), Ultralife Batteries, Inc., Albany International Corp. (paper industry) Terex Corporation (construction equipment), and Minerals Technology, Inc. (specialty chemicals)    Significant board and governance experience; significant executive experience, including continuing service as chief executive officer of a management consulting company and past service as an executive of a manufacturing-based public company; past experience as an executive in a private service-based company; former certified public accountant and former chief financial officer of both public and private companies.
C. Brent
DeVore

 

1940

   Trustee
since June
1990
   Dr. DeVore served as the interim President of Greensboro College from 2009 though April 2010. He served as President of Otterbein College from July 1984 through July 2009, and as President of Davis and Elkins College from 1982 through 1984.    87    None    Significant board experience, including service on 28 boards over three decades; significant executive experience, including past service as a college president.

 

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NAME AND

YEAR OF

BIRTH

   POSITION(S)
HELD
WITH THE
TRUST
AND
LENGTH
OF TIME
SERVED1
  

PRINCIPAL

OCCUPATION(S)

DURING PAST 5

YEARS

(OR LONGER)

   NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN THE
NATIONWIDE
FUND
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN
BY
TRUSTEE
   OTHER
DIRECTORS
HIPS HELD
BY
TRUSTEE
DURING
THE PAST
FIVE
YEARS2
  

EXPERIENCE,

QUALIFICATIONS,

ATTRIBUTES,

AND SKILLS

FOR BOARD

MEMBERSHIP

Phyllis Kay

Dryden

 

1947

   Trustee
since
December
2004
   Ms. Dryden has been an independent management consultant since February, 2010. Ms. Dryden was an Associate Partner of Mitchell Madison Group LLC (management consulting company) from January 2007 until January 2010, and a Partner of Mitchell Madison Group LLC from January 2003 until December 2006. Prior to 2003, Ms. Dryden served as the Managing Partner of marchFIRST, a global management consulting firm.    87    None    Significant board experience; significant executive experience, including past service as a partner of management consulting companies; significant legal experience, including past service as general counsel for a major brokerage firm and a public company.

 

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NAME AND

YEAR OF

BIRTH

   POSITION(S)
HELD
WITH THE
TRUST
AND
LENGTH
OF TIME
SERVED1
  

PRINCIPAL

OCCUPATION(S)

DURING PAST 5

YEARS

(OR LONGER)

   NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN THE
NATIONWIDE
FUND
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN
BY
TRUSTEE
   OTHER
DIRECTORS
HIPS HELD
BY
TRUSTEE
DURING
THE PAST
FIVE
YEARS2
  

EXPERIENCE,

QUALIFICATIONS,

ATTRIBUTES,

AND SKILLS

FOR BOARD

MEMBERSHIP

Barbara L.
Hennigar

 

1935

   Trustee
since July
2000
   Ms. Hennigar was Executive Vice President of OppenheimerFunds (an asset management company) from October 1992 until June 2000; Chairman of Oppenheimer Funds Services from October 1999 until June 2000; and President and CEO of Oppenheimer Funds Services from June 1992 until October 1999. She was previously Board Chair of a non-profit independent school, and is currently an independent trustee and endowment chair of St. Mary’s Academy, an independent school in Denver, CO.    87    None    Significant board experience; significant executive experience, including past service at a large asset management company; significant experience in the investment management industry.
Barbara I.
Jacobs

 

1950

   Trustee
since
December
2004
   Ms. Jacobs served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of KICAP Network Fund, a European (United Kingdom) hedge fund, from January 2001 through January 2006. From 1988 through 2003, Ms. Jacobs was also a Managing Director and European Portfolio Manager of CREF Investments (Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association - College Retirement Equities Fund).    87    None    Significant board experience; significant executive and portfolio management experience in the investment management industry.

 

49


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NAME AND

YEAR OF

BIRTH

   POSITION(S)
HELD
WITH THE
TRUST
AND
LENGTH
OF TIME
SERVED1
  

PRINCIPAL

OCCUPATION(S)

DURING PAST 5

YEARS

(OR LONGER)

   NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN THE
NATIONWIDE
FUND
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN
BY
TRUSTEE
   OTHER
DIRECTORS
HIPS HELD
BY
TRUSTEE
DURING
THE PAST
FIVE
YEARS2
  

EXPERIENCE,

QUALIFICATIONS,

ATTRIBUTES,

AND SKILLS

FOR BOARD

MEMBERSHIP

Douglas F.
Kridler

 

1955

   Trustee
since
September
1997
   Mr. Kridler has been a board member of Compete Columbus (economic development group for Central Ohio) since February 2006. He has also served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of The Columbus Foundation (a community foundation that manages over 1,700 individual funds and investments) since February 2002.    87    None    Significant board experience; significant executive experience, including service as president and chief executive officer of one of America’s largest community foundations.
David C.
Wetmore

 

1948

   Trustee
since
1995 and
Chairman
since
February
2005
   Mr. Wetmore was a Managing Director of Updata Capital, Inc. (a technology-oriented investment banking and venture capital firm) from 1995 through 2000. Prior to 1995, Mr. Wetmore served as the Chief Operating Officer, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of several publicly-held software and services companies, and as the managing partner of a “big 8” public accounting firm.    87    None    Significant board experience; significant executive experience, including past service as a managing director of an investment banking and venture capital firm; chief executive officer and/or Chairman of the Board of several publicly-owned companies; certified public accountant with significant accounting experience, including past service as a managing partner at a major accounting firm.

 

50


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1

Length of time served includes time served with the Trust’s predecessors.

2

Directorships held in (1) any other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, (2) any company with a class of securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or (3) any company subject to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

Officers of the Trust

 

Name and Year of Birth

  

Position(s)
Held with
Fund and
Length of
Time
Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years 2

  

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee

  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

Michael S. Spangler

 

1966

   President and Chief Executive Officer since June 2008    Mr. Spangler is President and Chief Executive Officer of Nationwide Funds Group, which includes NFA3, Nationwide Fund Management LLC3 and Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC3, and is a Senior Vice President of NFS3. From May 2004-May 2008, Mr. Spangler was Managing Director, Head of Americas Retail and Intermediary Product Management for Morgan Stanley Investment Management. He was President of Touchstone Advisors, Inc. and Vice President and Director of Touchstone Investments Business Operations from July 2002-May 2004.    N/A    N/A

 

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Name and Year of Birth

  

Position(s)
Held with
Fund and
Length of
Time
Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years 2

  

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee

  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

Stephen T. Grugeon

 

1950

   Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since June 2008    Mr. Grugeon is Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Nationwide Funds Group. From February 2008-June 2008, he served as the acting President and Chief Executive Officer of the Trust and of Nationwide Funds Group. Mr. Grugeon is also President of NWD Investments, which represents certain asset management operations of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, and includes Nationwide SA Capital Trust3. From December 2006 until January 2008 he was Executive Vice President of NWD Investments. He was Vice President of NWD Investments from 2003 through 2006.    N/A    N/A

 

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Name and Year of Birth

  

Position(s)
Held with
Fund and
Length of
Time

Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years 2

  

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee

  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

Joseph Finelli

 

1957

   Treasurer since September 2007    Mr. Finelli is the Principal Financial Officer and Vice President of Investment Accounting for Nationwide Funds Group3. From July 2001 until September 2007, he was Assistant Treasurer and Vice President of Investment Accounting and Operations of NWD Investments3.    N/A    N/A

Dorothy Sanders

 

1955

   Chief Compliance Officer since October 2007    Ms. Sanders is Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of NFA. She also has oversight responsibility for Investment Advisory and Mutual Fund Compliance Programs in the Office of Compliance at Nationwide. From November 2004 to October 2007, she was Senior Director and Senior Counsel at Investors Bank & Trust (now State Street Bank). From 2000 to November 2004, she was Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel of Fred Alger & Company, Incorporated.    N/A    N/A

Eric E. Miller

 

1953

   Secretary since December 2002    Mr. Miller is Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Assistant Secretary for Nationwide Funds Group and NWD Investments3.    N/A    N/A

Doff Meyer

 

1950

   Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer since January 2008    Ms. Meyer is Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer of Nationwide Funds Group (since August 2007)3. From September 2004 until August 2007, Ms. Meyer was Director of Finance and Marketing, Principal of Piedmont Real Estate Associates LLC. From January 2003 until September 2004, Ms. Meyer was an independent marketing consultant.    N/A    N/A

 

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1

Length of time served includes time served with the Trust’s predecessors.

2

Unless otherwise noted, the information presented is the principal occupation of the Officer during the past five years.

3

These positions are held with an affiliated person or principal underwriter of the Funds.

4

Directorships held in: (1) any other investment company registered under the 1940 Act, (2) any company with a class of securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act or (3) any company subject to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

Responsibilities of the Board of Trustees

The Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has oversight responsibility for the conduct of the affairs of the Trust. The Board approves and regularly monitors policies and procedures regarding the operation of the Trust, and elects the Officers of the Trust to perform the daily functions of the Trust. The Chairman of the Board of Trustees is an Independent Trustee.

Board Leadership Structure

All of the Trustees of the Trust are Independent Trustees. This structure is reviewed by the Board regularly, and the Board believes it to be appropriate and effective. The Board believes that its leadership structure is appropriate given its specific characteristics, including, but not limited to: (i) the extensive oversight provided by the Funds’ adviser over the affiliated and unaffiliated subadvisers that conduct the day-to-day management of the Funds; (ii) the extent to which the work of the Board is conducted through the Committees, each of which consists of Independent Trustees; and (iii) the extent to which the Independent Trustees meet as needed, together with their independent legal counsel, in the absence of members of management. The Board also completes an annual self-assessment during which it reviews its leadership and Committee structure, and considers whether its structure remains appropriate in light of the Funds’ current operations.

Each Trustee shall hold office for the lifetime of the Trust or until such Trustee’s earlier death, resignation, removal, retirement, or inability otherwise to serve, or, if sooner than any of such events, until the next meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees or consent of shareholders in lieu thereof for the election of Trustees, and until the election and qualification of his or her successor. The Board of Trustees may fill any vacancy on the Board provided that, after such appointment, at least two-thirds of the Trustees have been elected by shareholders. Any Trustee may be removed by the Board, with or without cause, by action of a majority of the Trustees then in office, or by a vote of shareholders at any meeting called for that purpose. In addition to conducting an annual self-assessment, the Board completes biennial peer evaluations, which focus on the performance and effectiveness of the individual members of the Board. Trustees that do not perform in a manner determined to be satisfactory by their Trustee peers shall be asked to resign from the Board.

 

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The Officers of the Trust are appointed by the Board, or, to the extent permitted by the Trust’s By-laws, by the President of the Trust, and each shall serve at the pleasure of the Board, or, to the extent permitted by the Trust’s By-laws, and except for the Chief Compliance Officer, at the pleasure of the President of the Trust, subject to the rights, if any, of an Officer under any contract of employment. The Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer must be approved by a majority of the Independent Trustees. Subject to the rights, if any, of an Officer under any contract of employment, any Officer may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board at any regular or special meeting of the Board, or, to the extent permitted by the Trust’s By-laws, by the President of the Trust; provided, that only the Board may remove, with or without cause, the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust.

Board Oversight of Trust Risk

The Board of Trustees’ role is one of oversight, rather than active management. This oversight extends to the Funds’ risk management processes. Those processes are embedded in the responsibilities of Officers of the Funds. The Officers of the Funds, including the President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Investment Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Operating Officer, report to the Board and to the Chairs of its Committees on a variety of risk-related matters, including the risks inherent in each Officer’s area of responsibility, at regular meetings of the Board and on an ad hoc basis.

The Fund has retained NFA as the Funds’ investment adviser and NFM as the Funds’ administrator. NFA and NFM are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Funds. NFA has delegated the day-to-day management of the investment activities of each Fund, with the exception of the Funds of Funds, to one or more sub-advisers. NFA and NFM are primarily responsible for the Funds’ operations and for supervising the services provided to the Funds by each service provider, including risk management services provided by the Funds’ subadvisers. The Board provides oversight of the services provided by each of the service providers, including the risk management and oversight services provided by NFA. In the course of providing that oversight, the Board receives a wide range of reports on the Funds’ activities from NFA, NFM and various service providers, including the subadvisers, regarding, among other things, each Fund’s investment portfolio and performance, the compliance of the Funds with applicable laws, and the Funds’ financial accounting and reporting. Several such reports pertain specifically to risk management and are presented to the Board quarterly, including, but not limited to: (i) the Sub-Adviser Oversight Report, (ii) the Vendor Oversight Report, and (iii) the Close Review/Watch List Reports. The Board also meets periodically with the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer to receive reports regarding the compliance of each Fund with the federal securities laws and the Fund’s internal compliance policies and procedures. The Board also meets at least annually with the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer to review the Chief Compliance Officer’s annual report, including the Chief Compliance Officer’s compliance risk assessments for the Funds. The Board also meets periodically with the portfolio managers of the Funds to receive reports regarding the management of the Funds, including each Fund’s investment risks.

Committees of the Board of Trustees

The Board of Trustees has four standing committees: Audit, Valuation and Operations, Nominating and Fund Governance, and Investment Committees.

The purposes of the Audit Committee are to: (a) oversee the Trust's accounting, financial, and risk reporting policies and practices, its internal controls and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain of its service providers; (b) oversee the quality and objectivity of the Trust's financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (c) ascertain the independence of the Trust's independent auditors; (d) act as a liaison between the Trust's independent auditors and the Board; (e) approve the engagement of the Trust's independent auditors to (i) render audit and non-audit services for the Trust and (ii) render non-audit services for the Trust's investment adviser (other than a subadviser whose role is primarily portfolio management and is overseen by another investment adviser) and certain other entities under common control with the Trust's investment adviser, if the engagement relates to the Trust's operations and financial reporting; (f) meet and consider the reports of the Trust's independent auditors; and (g) review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the Code of Ethics of the Trust and that of all Trust’s advisers, subadvisers, and principal underwriters, and annually review changes to, violations of, and certifications with respect to such Code of Ethics; and (h) oversee the Trust’s written policies and procedures adopted under Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act and oversee the appointment and performance of the Trust’s designated Chief Compliance

 

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Officer. The Audit Committee receives regular reports with respect to risk management, including the Service Provider Report, the Annual Compliance Risk Assessment of Sub-Advisers, Compliance Risk Assessments of NFG, and the Annual Rule 38a-1 Compliance Program and Annual CCO Report. The function of the Audit Committee is oversight; it is management's responsibility to maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal control, including with respect to risk management, and the independent auditors' responsibility to plan and carry out a proper audit. The independent auditors are ultimately accountable to the Board and the Audit Committee, as representatives of the Trust's shareholders. Each of the members have a working knowledge of basic finance and accounting matters, and are not interested persons of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee met six times during the past fiscal year, and currently consists of the following Trustees: Mr. Allen (Chairman), Ms. Hennigar, Ms. Jacobs and Mr. Wetmore, each of whom is not an interested person of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act.

The purposes of the Valuation and Operations Committee are to (a) oversee the implementation and operation of the Trust’s Valuation Procedures, applicable to all of the Trust’s portfolio securities; (b) oversee the implementation and operation of the Trust’s Rule 2a-7 Procedures, including with respect to credit risk, applicable to the Trust’s money market fund series; (c) oversee the Trust’s portfolio brokerage practices; and (d) oversee distribution of the Trust’s shares of beneficial interest. The Valuation and Operations Committee receives regular reports with respect to risk management, including, among others, the Manually-Priced and Fair-Valued Securities Report, the Money Market Compliance with Rule 2a-7 Report, Net Asset Value Error Transactions Reports, the “Best Execution” Trading Practices Report on Brokerage Commissions and Soft-Dollar and Commission-Sharing Assignments, Affiliated Transactions Reports, the Restricted Securities Liquidity Analysis, and the Securities Lending Report. The Valuation and Operations Committee met four times during the past fiscal year, and currently consists of the following Trustees: Mr. Allen, Mr. DeVore, Ms. Dryden and Ms. Hennigar (Chairman), each of whom is not an interested person of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act.

The Nominating and Fund Governance Committee has the following powers and responsibilities: (a) selection and nomination of all persons for election or appointment as Trustees of the Trust (provided that nominees for Independent Trustee are recommended for selection and approval by all of the incumbent Independent Trustees then serving on the Board); (b) periodic review of the composition of the Board and its Committees to determine whether it may be appropriate to add individuals with specific backgrounds, diversity or skill sets; (c) periodic review of Board’s governance procedures; (d) oversee the implementation of the Board’s policies regarding self-evaluations of the Board and Trustee peer evaluations; (e) review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the Proxy Voting Guidelines, and Policies and Procedures of the Trust’s adviser and subadvisers; (f) periodic review of Trustee compensation and recommend appropriate changes to the Independent Trustees; (g) oversee implementation of the Trust’s Policy Regarding the Service by Trustees on the Boards of Directors of Public Companies and Unaffiliated Fund Companies; (h) review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the Board’s Statements of Policies Regarding Fund Governance and Board Oversight, Independence & Effectiveness; and (i) monitoring of the performance of legal counsel employed by the Independent Trustees and monitoring of the performance of legal counsel to the Trust, in consultation with the Trust’s management. The Nominating and Fund Governance Committee reports to the full Board and recommends any appropriate changes to the Board. The Nominating and Fund Governance Committee met four times during the past fiscal year, and currently consists of the following Trustees: Ms. Cholmondeley, Ms. Dryden (Chairperson), Mr. Kridler and Mr. Wetmore, each of whom is not an interested person of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act.

The Nominating and Fund Governance Committee has adopted procedures regarding its review of recommendations for trustee nominees, including those recommendations presented by shareholders. When considering whether to add additional or substitute trustees to the Board of Trustees of the Trust, the Trustees shall take into account any proposals for candidates that are properly submitted to the Trust's Secretary. Shareholders wishing to present one or more candidates for trustee for consideration may do so by submitting a signed written request to the Trust's Secretary at Attn: Secretary, Nationwide Mutual Funds/Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust, 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, PA 19406, which includes the following information: (i) name and address of the shareholder and, if applicable, name of broker or record holder; (ii) number of shares owned; (iii) name of Fund(s) in which shares are owned; (iv) whether the proposed candidate(s) consent to being identified in any proxy statement utilized in connection with the election of Trustees; (v) the name, background information, and qualifications of the proposed candidate(s) and (vi) a representation that the candidate or candidates are willing to provide additional information about themselves, including assurances as to their independence.

 

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The functions of the Investment Committee are: (a) in consultation with management of the Trust, to review the kind, scope and format of, and the time periods covered by, the investment performance data and related reports provided to the Board, including at the Board’s annual 15(c) review, and, if the Committee determines that changes to such data or reports would be appropriate and practicable, the Committee will work with management of the Trust to implement any such changes; (b) in consultation with management of the Trust, to review the investment performance benchmarks and peer groups used in reports delivered to the Board, including at the Board’s annual 15(c) review, for comparison of investment performance of the Funds and, if the Committee determines that changes to such benchmarks or peer groups would be appropriate, the Committee will work with management to implement any such changes; (c) in consultation with management of the Trust, to review such other matters that affect performance, including for example, fee structures and expense ratios, as the Committee deems to be necessary and appropriate and will work with management to implement any recommended changes; (d) to review and monitor the performance of the Trust's Funds and the fund family as a whole, in the manner and to the extent directed by the Board, recognizing that the ultimate oversight of Fund performance shall remain with the full Board of Trustees; and (e) to review and monitor material conflicts of interest that may arise from a portfolio manager’s management of multiple accounts. The Investment Committee receives regular reports with respect to risk management, including reports regarding sub-advisers on the “watch list” and sub-advisers under “close review.” The Investment Committee met four times during the past fiscal year, and currently consists of the following Trustees: Ms. Cholmondeley, Mr. DeVore, Ms. Jacobs (Chairperson) and Mr. Kridler, each of whom is not an interested person of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act.

Ownership of Shares of Nationwide Funds as of December 31, 2009

 

NAME OF TRUSTEE

  

DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY

SECURITIES AND/OR SHARES IN THE

FUNDS1

  

AGGREGATE DOLLAR RANGE OF

EQUITY SECURITIES AND/OR SHARES

IN ALL REGISTERED INVESTMENT

COMPANIES OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE IN

FAMILY OF INVESTMENT COMPANIES

Charles E. Allen

   NONE    $50,001-$100,000

Paula H.J. Cholmondeley

   NONE    $50,001-$100,000

C. Brent DeVore

   NONE    Over $100,000

Phyllis Kay Dryden

   NONE    $50,001-$100,000

Barbara L. Hennigar

   NONE    $50,001-$100,000

Barbara I. Jacobs

   NONE    $50,001-$100,000

Douglas F. Kridler

   NONE    Over $100,000

David C. Wetmore

   NONE    Over $100,000

 

1

Individual investors, like the Trustees, are not eligible to purchase shares of the Funds directly; accordingly, Trustees are limited in their ability to own/hold Fund shares. Fund shares are sold to separate accounts of insurance companies to fund benefits payable under variable insurance contracts, which may or may not be an appropriate investment for each individual Trustee.

Ownership in the Funds’ Investment Adviser1 or Distributor2 as of December 31, 2009

Trustees who are not Interested Persons (as Defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust

 

NAME OF TRUSTEE

  

NAME OF

OWNERS AND

RELATIONSHIPS

TO TRUSTEE

  

NAME OF

COMPANY

  

TITLE OF CLASS

OF

SECURITY

  

VALUE OF

SECURITIES

  

PERCENT OF

CLASS

Charles E. Allen

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

Paula H.J. Cholmondeley

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

 

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NAME OF TRUSTEE

  

NAME OF

OWNERS AND

RELATIONSHIPS

TO TRUSTEE

  

NAME OF

COMPANY

  

TITLE OF CLASS

OF

SECURITY

  

VALUE OF

SECURITIES

  

PERCENT OF

CLASS

C. Brent DeVore

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

Phyllis Kay Dryden

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

Barbara L. Hennigar

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

Barbara I. Jacobs

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

Douglas F. Kridler

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

David C. Wetmore

   N/A    N/A    N/A    None    N/A

 

1

Nationwide Fund Advisors.

2

Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC or any company, other than an investment company, that controls a Fund’s adviser or distributor.

Compensation of Trustees

The Trustees receive fees and reimbursement for expenses of attending board meetings from the Trust. The Adviser, based upon a pro rata share for the Funds for which it acts as investment adviser, reimburses the Trust for fees and expenses paid to Trustees who are interested persons of the Trust and who also are employees of an adviser or its affiliates. The Compensation Table below sets forth the total compensation paid to the Trustees of the Trust, before reimbursement of expenses, for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009. In addition, the table sets forth the total compensation paid to the Trustees from all the Funds in the Fund Complex for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009. Trust officers receive no compensation from the Trust in their capacity as officers.

The Trust does not maintain any pension or retirement plans for the Officers or Trustees of the Trust.

 

NAME OF TRUSTEE

  

AGGREGATE

COMPENSATION

FROM THE TRUST

  

PENSION

RETIREMENT

BENEFITS ACCRUED

AS PART OF TRUST

EXPENSES

  

ESTIMATED ANNUAL

BENEFITS UPON

RETIREMENT

  

TOTAL

COMPENSATION FOR

THE COMPLEX1

Charles E. Allen

   $                       96,750.00    N/A    N/A    $                          193,500.00
Paula H.J. Cholmondeley    85,500.00    N/A    N/A    171,000.00
C. Brent DeVore    86,125.00    N/A    N/A    172,250.00
Phyllis Kay Dryden    87,375.00    N/A    N/A    174,750.00
Barbara L. Hennigar    95,250.00    N/A    N/A    190,500.00
Barbara I. Jacobs    99,250.00    N/A    N/A    198,500.00
Douglas F. Kridler    85,000.00    N/A    N/A    170,000.00
David Wetmore    129,250.00    N/A    N/A    258,500.00

 

1

On December 31, 2009, the Fund Complex included two trusts comprised of 92 investment company funds or series.

 

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Code of Ethics

Federal law requires the Trust, each of its investment adviser, subadvisers, and principal underwriter to adopt codes of ethics which govern the personal securities transactions of their respective personnel. Accordingly, each such entity has adopted a code of ethics pursuant to which their respective personnel may invest securities for their personal accounts (including securities that may be purchased or held by the Trust). Copies of these Codes of Ethics are on file with the SEC and are available to the public.

Proxy Voting Guidelines

Federal law requires the Trust and each of its investment adviser and subadviser to adopt procedures for voting proxies (the “Proxy Voting Guidelines”) and to provide a summary of those Proxy Voting Guidelines used to vote the securities held by a Fund. The Funds’ proxy voting policies and procedures and information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 are available without charge (i) upon request, by calling 800-848-0920, (ii) on the Trust’s website at www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds, or (iii) on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. The summary of such Proxy Voting Guidelines is attached as Appendix B to this SAI.

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

Trust Expenses

The Trust, on behalf of the Funds, pays the compensation of the Trustees who are not employees of NFA, or its affiliates, and all expenses (other than those assumed by NFA), including governmental fees, interest charges, taxes, membership dues in the Investment Company Institute allocable to the Trust; investment advisory fees and any Rule 12b-1 fees; fees under the Trust’s Fund Administration and Transfer Agency Agreement, which includes the expenses of calculating the Funds’ net asset values; fees and expenses of independent certified public accountants and legal counsel of the Trust and to the independent Trustees; expenses of preparing, printing, and mailing shareholder reports, notices, proxy statements, and reports to governmental offices and commissions; expenses connected with the execution, recording, and settlement of portfolio security transactions; short sale dividend expenses; insurance premiums; administrative services fees under an Administrative Services Plan; fees and expenses of the custodian for all services to the Trust; expenses of shareholder meetings; and expenses relating to the issuance, registration, and qualification of shares of the Trust. NFA may, from time to time, agree to voluntarily or contractually waive advisory fees, and if necessary reimburse expenses, in order to limit total operating expenses for each Fund, as described below.

Investment Advisory Agreement

Under the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, NFA manages the Funds in accordance with the policies and procedures established by the Trustees. For services provided under the Investment Advisory Agreement, NFA receives from each Investor Destinations Fund an annual fee, paid monthly, of 0.13%, based on average daily net assets of each such Investor Destinations Fund. For services provided under the Investment Advisory Agreement, NFA receives from each Cardinal Fund an annual fee, paid monthly, of 0.20%, based on average daily net assets of each such Cardinal Fund. For services provided under the Investment Advisory Agreement, NFA receives from the NVIT Income Bond Fund an annual fee, paid monthly, of 0.49%, based on average daily net assets of the Fund. NFA has committed to the Board of Trustees, however, that during such time that the NVIT Income Bond Fund operates as a “fund-of-funds,” NFA shall waive at least 0.29% of such investment advisory fee payable by the NVIT Income Bond Fund. Currently, NFA has effected such waiver by operation of a written expense limitation agreement, as described below.

The Investment Advisory Agreement also specifically provides that NFA, including its directors, officers, and employees, shall not be liable for any error of judgment, or mistake of law, or for any loss arising out of any investment, or for any act or omission in the execution and management of the Trust, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Agreement. The Agreement continues in effect for an initial period of one year and thereafter shall continue automatically for successive annual periods provided such continuance is specifically approved at

 

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least annually by the Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Agreement or interested persons of any such party. The Agreement terminates automatically in the event of its “assignment,” as defined under the 1940 Act. It may be terminated at any time as to a Fund, without penalty, by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that Fund, by the Board of Trustees or NFA, on not more than 60 days written notice. The Agreement further provides that NFA may render similar services to others.

Investment Adviser

NFA manages the day-to-day investments of the assets of the Funds. NFA, located at 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, PA 19406, is a wholly owned subsidiary of NFS, a holding company which is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Nationwide Corporation. All of the common stock of Nationwide Corporation is held by Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company (95.2%) and Nationwide Mutual Fire Insurance Company (4.8%), each of which is a mutual company owned by its policy holders.

NFA pays the compensation of the officers of the Trust employed by NFA and pays a pro rata portion of the compensation and expenses of the Trustees who are employed by NFA and its affiliates. NFA also furnishes, at its own expense, all necessary administrative services, office space, equipment, and clerical personnel for servicing the investments of the Trust and maintaining its investment advisory facilities, and executive and supervisory personnel for managing the investments and effecting the portfolio transactions of the Trust. In addition, NFA pays, out of its legitimate profits, broker-dealers, trust companies, transfer agents and other financial institutions in exchange for their selling of shares of the Trust’s series or for recordkeeping or other shareholder related services.

Limitation of Fund Expenses

In the interest of limiting the expenses of the Funds, NFA may from time to time waive some or its entire investment advisory fee or reimburse other fees for certain Funds. In this regard, NFA has entered into an expense limitation agreement with the Trust on behalf of certain of the Funds (the “Expense Limitation Agreement”). Pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement, NFA has agreed to waive or limit its fees and to assume other expenses to the extent necessary to limit the total annual operating expenses of each class of each such Fund to the limits described below. The waiver of such fees will cause the total return and yield of a Fund to be higher than they would otherwise be in the absence of such a waiver.

With respect to the Funds, NFA may request and receive reimbursement from the Funds for the advisory fees waived or limited and other expenses reimbursed by the Adviser pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement at a later date when a Fund has reached a sufficient asset size to permit reimbursement to be made without causing the total annual operating expense ratio of the Fund to exceed the limits in the Expense Limitation Agreement. No reimbursement will be made to a Fund unless: (i) such Fund’s assets exceed $100 million; (ii) the total annual expense ratio of the class making such reimbursement is less than the limit set forth below; (iii) the payment of such reimbursement is approved by the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis; and (iv) the payment of such reimbursement is made no more than three years from the fiscal year in which the corresponding waiver or reimbursement to the Fund was made. Except as provided for in the Expense Limitation Agreement, reimbursement of amounts previously waived or assumed by NFA is not permitted.

Until at least May 1, 2011 (May 1, 2012 with respect to the NVIT Income Bond Fund), NFA has agreed contractually to waive advisory fees and, if necessary, reimburse expenses in order to limit total annual fund operating expenses, excluding any interest, taxes, brokerage commissions and other costs incurred in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities, Rule 12b-1 fees, fees paid pursuant to an Administrative Services Plan, short-sale dividend expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, expenses incurred by the Fund in connection with any merger or reorganization and other non-routine expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business.

 

   

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund to 0.28% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund to 0.25% for all share classes.

 

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NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund to 0.25% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund to 0.25% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund to 0.25% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund to 0.25% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund to 0.28% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Income Bond Fund to 0.20% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund to 0.28% for all share classes.

 

   

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund to 0.28% for all share classes.

Investment Advisory Fees

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, NFA earned the following fees for investment advisory services:

 

    

INVESTMENT ADVISORY FEES

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,

 
     2009      2008      2007  
FUND   

FEES

PAID

     FEES
REIMBURSED
    

FEES

PAID

    

FEES

REIMBURSED

    

FEES

PAID

    

FEES

REIMBURSED

 

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund1

   $ 21,244       $ 21,671       $ 7,239       $ 21,329         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund1

     326,051         —           76,704         19,616         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund1

     585,267         —           86,563         19,741         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund1

     578,729         —           79,132         19,862         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund1

     555,347         —           91,046         19,606         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund1

     206,117         8,526         28,909         18,438         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund1

     256,985         —           32,147         13,347         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Income Bond Fund2

     n/a         n/a         n/a         n/a         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

     584,470         —           814,093         —           $1,012,404         —     

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

     2,149,595         —           2,609,753         —           2,824,758         —     

NVIT Investors Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund3

     40,910         9,592         n/a         n/a         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

     3,174,817         —           3,488,412         —           3,680,240         —     

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund3

     21,955         14,393         n/a         n/a         n/a         n/a   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

     905,589         —           998,310         —           956,272         —     

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

     466,998         —           439,513         —           400,284         —     

 

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1

The Fund commenced operations on March 28, 2008.

2

The Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

3

The Fund did not commence operations until March 25, 2009.

Multi-Manager Structure

NFA and the Trust have received from the SEC an exemptive order for the multi-manager structure which allows NFA to hire, replace or terminate unaffiliated subadvisers without the approval of shareholders; the order also allows NFA to revise a subadvisory agreement with an unaffiliated subadviser without shareholder approval. If a new unaffiliated subadviser is hired, the change will be communicated to shareholders within 90 days of such changes, and all changes will be approved by the Trust’s Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or NFA. The order is intended to facilitate the efficient operation of the Funds and afford the Trust increased management flexibility.

NFA has no current intention to hire a subadviser for the Funds. In instances where NFA would hire a subadviser, NFA would provide investment management evaluation services to the Funds principally by performing initial due diligence on prospective subadvisers for the Funds and thereafter monitoring the performance of the subadvisers through quantitative and qualitative analysis as well as periodic in-person, telephonic and written consultations with the subadvisers. NFA would have responsibility for communicating performance expectations and evaluations to the subadvisers and ultimately recommending to the Trust’s Board of Trustees whether a subadviser’s contract should be renewed, modified or terminated; however, NFA does not expect to recommend frequent changes of subadvisers. NFA would regularly provide written reports to the Trust’s Board of Trustees regarding the results of its evaluation and monitoring functions. Although NFA would monitor the performance of the subadvisers, there is no certainty that the subadvisers or the Funds will obtain favorable results at any given time.

Portfolio Managers

Appendix C contains the following information regarding each of the portfolio managers identified in the Funds’ Prospectus: (i) the dollar range of the portfolio manager’s investments in each Fund; (ii) a description of the portfolio manager’s compensation structure; and (iii) information regarding other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and potential conflicts of interest that might arise from the management of multiple accounts.

Distributor

Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC (“NFD” or the “Distributor”), 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406 serves as underwriter for each Fund in the continuous distribution of its shares pursuant to an Underwriting Agreement dated May 1, 2007 (the “Underwriting Agreement”). Unless otherwise terminated, the Underwriting Agreement will continue for an initial period of two years and from year to year thereafter for successive annual periods, if, as to each Fund, such continuance is approved at least annually by (i) the Trust’s Board of Trustees or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of that Fund, and (ii) the vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to the Underwriting Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any party to the Underwriting Agreement, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Underwriting Agreement may be terminated in the event of any assignment, as defined in the 1940 Act. NFD is a wholly-owned subsidiary of NFS Distributors, Inc., which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of NFS. The following entities or people are affiliates of the Trust and are also affiliates of NFD:

Nationwide Fund Advisors

Nationwide Fund Management LLC

Nationwide Life Insurance Company

Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company

Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.

 

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Nationwide Corporation

Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company

Karen L. Heath-Wade

Joseph Finelli

Stephen T. Grugeon

Doff Meyer

Eric Miller

Dorothy Sanders

Michael S. Spangler

In its capacity as distributor, NFD solicits orders for the sale of shares, advertises and pays the costs of distributions, advertising, office space and the personnel involved in such activities. NFD receives no compensation under the Underwriting Agreement with the Trust, but may retain all or a portion of the sales charge and 12b-1 fee, if any, imposed upon sales of shares of each of the Funds.

Distribution Plan

The Trust has adopted a Distribution Plan (the “Plan”) under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act with respect to certain classes of shares. The Plan permits the Funds to compensate NFD, as the Funds’ principal underwriter, for expenses associated with the distribution of certain classes of shares of the Funds. Under the Plan, NFD pays an annual fee in an amount that will not exceed the following amounts:

 

FUNDS

  

AMOUNT

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund

   0.25% of the average daily net assets of Class II shares of each Fund, all of which will be considered a distribution fee.

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund

  

NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund

  

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund

  

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund

  

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund

  

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund

  

NVIT Income Bond Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

  
  

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

   0.25% of the average daily net assets of Class VI shares of each Fund, all of which will be considered a distribution fee.

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Fund Aggressive Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

  

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

  

 

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During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, NFD earned the following distribution fees net of waivers under the Plan:

 

FUND

   FEES  

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund

   $ 8,240   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund

     139,596   
NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund      261,021   

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund

     256,319   

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund

     248,346   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund

     91,571   

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund

     114,403   

NVIT Income Bond Fund1

     n/a   

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

     1,123,991   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

     4,133,878   

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund2

     78,674   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

     6,093,642   

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund2

     42,221   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

     1,742,140   

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

     898,081   

 

1

The Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

2

The Fund commenced operations on March 25, 2009.

These fees will be paid to NFD for activities or expenses primarily intended to result in the sale or servicing of Fund shares. Distribution fees may be paid to NFD, to an insurance company or its eligible affiliates for distribution activities related to the indirect marketing of the Funds to the owners of variable insurance contracts (“contract owners”), or to any other eligible institution. As described above, a distribution fee may be paid pursuant to the Plan for services including, but not limited to:

(i) Underwriter services including (1) distribution personnel compensation and expenses, (2) overhead, including office, equipment and computer expenses, supplies and travel, (3) procurement of information, analysis and reports related to marketing and promotional activities and (4) expenses related to marketing and promotional activities;

(ii) Printed documents including (1) fund prospectuses, statements of additional information and reports for prospective contract owners and (2) promotional literature regarding the Fund;

(iii) Wholesaling services by NFD or the insurance company including (1) training, (2) seminars and sales meetings and (3) compensation;

(iv) Life insurance company distribution services including (1) fund disclosure documents and reports (2) variable insurance marketing materials, (3) Fund sub-account performance figures, (4) assisting prospective contract owners with enrollment matters, (5) compensation to the salesperson of the variable insurance contract and (6) providing other reasonable help with the distribution of Fund shares to life insurance companies; and

(v) Life insurance company contract owner support.

As required by Rule 12b-1, the Plan was approved by the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan (the “Independent Trustees”). The Plan was initially approved by the Board of Trustees on March 1, 2001. The Plan may be amended from time to time by vote of a majority of the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. The Plan may be terminated as to the applicable shares of a Fund by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of that Class or Fund, as applicable. Any change in the Plan that would materially increase the distribution cost to the applicable shareholders requires shareholder approval. The Trustees review quarterly a written report of such costs and the purposes for which such costs have been incurred. As long as the Plan is in effect, selection and nomination of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust shall be committed to the discretion of such disinterested persons. All agreements with any person relating to the implementation of the Plan may be terminated at any time on 60 days written notice without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of the applicable Class. The Plan will continue in effect for successive one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, and (ii) by a vote of a majority of the entire Board of Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. The Board of Trustees

 

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has a duty to request and evaluate such information as may be reasonably necessary for them to make an informed determination of whether the Plan should be implemented or continued. In addition the Trustees in approving the Plan as to a Fund must determine that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit such Fund and its shareholders.

The Board of Trustees of the Trust believes that the Plan is in the best interests of a Fund since it encourages Fund growth and maintenance of Fund assets. As a Fund grows in size, certain expenses, and therefore total expenses per share, may be reduced and overall performance per share may be improved.

NFD has entered into, and will enter into, from time to time, agreements with selected dealers pursuant to which such dealers will provide certain services in connection with the distribution of the Funds’ shares including, but not limited to, those discussed above. NFD, or an affiliate of NFD, pays additional amounts from its own resources to dealers or other financial intermediaries, including its affiliate, NFS or its subsidiaries, for aid in distribution or for aid in providing administrative services to shareholders.

The Trust has been informed by NFD that during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, the following expenditures were made using the 12b-1 fees received by NFD with respect to the Funds:

 

FUND   

PROSPECTUS

PRINTING &

MAILING1

    

DISTRIBUTOR

COMPENSATION

& COSTS

    

BROKER-

DEALER

COMPENSATION

& COSTS2

 

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund

   $ 316       $ 0.00       $ 8,270.52   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund

     268         0.00         139,989.71   

NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund

     235         0.00         263,239.53   

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund

     240         0.00         258,481.38   

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund

     234         0.00         249,768.87   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund

     250         0.00         92,305.32   

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund

     250         0.00         115,187.50   

NVIT Income Bond Fund3

     N/A         N/A         N/A   

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

     281         0.00         1,124,005.92   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

     219         0.00         4,135,341.33   

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund4

     653         0.00         41,822.48   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

     261         0.00      

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund4

     415         0.00         6,098,074.75   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

     263         0.00         79,103.45   

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

     289         0.00         1,742,135.34   

 

1

Printing and/or mailing of prospectuses to other than current Fund shareholders.

2

Broker-dealer compensation and costs were primarily paid to Nationwide Investment Services Corporation, an affiliate of NFD and underwriter of variable insurance contracts, which are offered by the life insurance company affiliates of NFS.

3

The Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

4

The Fund commenced operations on March 25, 2009.

A Fund may not recoup the amount of unreimbursed expenses in a subsequent fiscal year and does not generally participate in joint distribution activities with other Funds. To the extent that certain Funds utilize the remaining Rule 12b-1 fees not allocated to “Broker-Dealer Compensation and Costs” or “Printing and Mailing” of a prospectus which covers multiple Funds, however, such other Funds may benefit indirectly from the distribution of the Fund paying the Rule 12b-1 fees.

 

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Administrative Services Plan

Under the terms of an Administrative Services Plan, the Trust is permitted to enter into Servicing Agreements with servicing organizations, such as broker-dealers and financial institutions, who agree to provide certain administrative support services for the Funds. Such administrative support services include, but are not limited to, the following: establishing and maintaining shareholder accounts, processing purchase and redemption transactions, arranging for bank wires, performing shareholder sub-accounting, answering inquiries regarding the Funds, providing periodic statements showing the account balance for beneficial owners or for Plan participants or contract holders of insurance company separate accounts, transmitting proxy statements, periodic reports, updated prospectuses and other communications to shareholders and, with respect to meetings of shareholders, collecting, tabulating, and forwarding to the Trust executed proxies and obtaining such other information and performing such other services as may reasonably be required.

As authorized by the Administrative Services Plan, the Trust has entered into a Fund Participation Agreement, effective May 2, 2005, pursuant to which NFS has agreed to provide certain administrative support services to the Funds held beneficially by its customers. NFS is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nationwide Corporation, and is the parent company of NFA, and the indirect parent company of NFD. In consideration for providing administrative support services, NFS and other entities with which the Trust may enter into Servicing Agreements, will receive a fee, computed at the annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Class I, Class II and Class VI shares of the Funds held by customers of NFS or any such other entity.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, NFS and its affiliates earned $9,102,971, $9,098,555 and $10,791,052 in administrative services fees from the Cardinal Funds and the Investor Destinations Funds. The NVIT Income Bond Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

Fund Administration and Transfer Agency Services

Under the terms of the Joint Fund Administration and Transfer Agency Agreement (the “Joint Administration Agreement”) dated May 1, 2010, Nationwide Fund Management LLC (“NFM”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of NFS, provides various administration and accounting services to the Funds and Nationwide Mutual Funds (another trust also advised by NFA), including daily valuation of the Funds’ shares, preparation of financial statements, tax returns, and regulatory reports, and presentation of quarterly reports to the Board of Trustees. NFM also serves as transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent for each of the Funds. NFM is located at 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406. Under the Joint Administration Agreement, NFM is paid an annual fee for fund administration and transfer agency services based on the sum of the following: (i) the amount payable by NFM to J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co. (“JPMorgan”) under the Sub-Administration Agreement between NFM and JPMorgan (see “Sub-Administration” below); and (ii) a percentage of the combined average daily net assets of the Trust and Nationwide Mutual Funds. In addition, the Trust also pays out-of-pocket expenses (including, but not limited to, the cost of pricing services that NFM utilizes) reasonably incurred by NFM in providing services to the Funds and Trust.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, Nationwide SA Capital Trust, the Trust’s previous administrator, and NFM, were paid combined fund administration and transfer agency fees from the Funds as follows:

 

FUND    2009      2008      2007  

NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund1

     N/A       $ 300         N/A   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund1

     N/A         300         N/A   

NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund1

     N/A         300         N/A   

 

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FUND    2009      2008      2007  

NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund1

     N/A         300         N/A   

NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund1

     N/A         300         N/A   

NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund1

     N/A         300         N/A   

NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund1

     N/A         300         N/A   

NVIT Income Bond Fund2

     N/A         N/A         N/A   

NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund

   $ 51         3,530       $ 2,042   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund

     104         5,806         2,520   

NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund3

     39         N/A         N/A   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund

     N/A         5,306         3,257   

NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund3

     27         N/A         N/A   

NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund

     89         1,939         2,516   

NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund

     23         986         2,356   

 

1

The Fund commenced operations on March 28, 2008.

2

The Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

3

The Fund commenced operations on March 25, 2009.

Sub-Administration

NFM has entered into a Sub-Administration Agreement with J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co. (“JPMorgan”), dated May 22, 2009 and effective August 24, 2009, to provide certain fund sub-administration and sub-transfer agency services for each Fund. NFM pays JPMorgan a fee for these services.

Custodian

JPMorgan Chase Bank, 270 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10008, is the Custodian for the Trust and makes all receipts and disbursements under a Custody Agreement. The Custodian performs no managerial or policy making functions for the Funds.

Legal Counsel

Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP, 2600 One Commerce Square, Philadelphia, PA 19103, serves as the Trust’s legal counsel.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

            PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Two Commerce Square, Suite 1700, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103-7042, serves as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the Trust.

BROKERAGE ALLOCATION

NFA or a subadviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities and other investments for the Funds, the selection of brokers and dealers to effect the transactions and the negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any.1 In transactions on stock and commodity exchanges in the United States, these commissions are negotiated, whereas on foreign stock and commodity exchanges these commissions are generally fixed and are generally higher than brokerage commissions in the United States. In the case of securities traded on the over-the-counter markets or for securities traded on a principal basis, there is generally no commission, but the price includes a spread between the dealer’s purchase and sale price. This spread is the dealer’s profit. In underwritten offerings, the price includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount. Most short-term obligations are normally traded on a “principal” rather than agency basis. This may be done through a dealer (e.g., a securities firm or bank) who buys or sells for its own account rather than as an agent for another client, or directly with the issuer.

 

 

1

Because the Funds will invest primarily in shares of the Underlying Funds it is expected that all transactions in portfolio securities for these Funds will be entered into by the Underlying Funds.

 

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Except as described below, the primary consideration in portfolio security transactions is best price and execution of the transaction i.e., execution at the most favorable prices and in the most effective manner possible. “Best price-best execution” encompasses many factors affecting the overall benefit obtained by the client account in the transaction including, but not necessarily limited to, the price paid or received for a security, the commission charged, the promptness, availability and reliability of execution, the confidentiality and placement accorded the order, and customer service. Therefore, “best price-best execution” does not necessarily mean obtaining the best price alone but is evaluated in the context of all the execution services provided. NFA and the subadvisers have complete freedom as to the markets in and the broker-dealers through which they seek this result.

Subject to the primary consideration of seeking best price-best execution and as discussed below, securities may be bought or sold through broker-dealers who have furnished statistical, research, and other information or services to NFA or a subadviser. In placing orders with such broker-dealers, NFA or the subadviser will, where possible, take into account the comparative usefulness of such information. Such information is useful to NFA or a subadviser even though its dollar value may be indeterminable, and its receipt or availability generally does not reduce NFA’s or a subadviser’s normal research activities or expenses.

There may be occasions when portfolio transactions for a Fund are executed as part of concurrent authorizations to purchase or sell the same security for trusts or other accounts (including other mutual funds) served by NFA or a subadviser or by an affiliated company thereof. Although such concurrent authorizations potentially could be either advantageous or disadvantageous to a Fund, they are effected only when NFA or a subadviser believes that to do so is in the interest of the Fund. When such concurrent authorizations occur, the executions will be allocated in an equitable manner.

In purchasing and selling investments for the Funds, it is the policy of NFA and each subadviser to obtain best execution at the most favorable prices through responsible broker-dealers. The determination of what may constitute best execution in a securities transaction by a broker involves a number of considerations, including the overall direct net economic result to the Fund (involving both price paid or received and any commissions and other costs paid), the efficiency with which the transaction is effected, the ability to effect the transaction at all when a large block is involved, the availability of the broker to stand ready to execute possibly difficult transactions in the future, the professionalism of the broker, and the financial strength and stability of the broker. These considerations are judgmental and are weighed by NFA or a subadviser in determining the overall reasonableness of securities executions and commissions paid. In selecting broker-dealers, NFA or a subadviser will consider various relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the size and type of the transaction; the nature and character of the markets for the security or asset to be purchased or sold; the execution efficiency, settlement capability and financial condition of the broker-dealer’s firm; the broker-dealer’s execution services, rendered on a continuing basis; and the reasonableness of any commissions.

NFA or a subadviser may cause a Fund to pay a broker-dealer who furnishes brokerage and/or research services a commission that is in excess of the commission another broker-dealer would have received for executing the transaction if it is determined, pursuant to the requirements of Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act, that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and/or research services provided. Such research services may include, among other things, analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy, analytic or modeling software, market data feeds and historical market information. Any such research and other information provided by brokers to NFA or a subadviser is considered to be in addition to and not in lieu of services required to be performed by it under its investment advisory or subadvisory agreement, as the case may be. The fees paid to NFA or a subadviser pursuant to its respective investment advisory or subadvisory agreement are not reduced by reason of its receiving any brokerage and research services. The research services provided by broker-dealers can be useful to NFA or a subadviser in serving its other clients. All research services received from the brokers to whom commission are paid are used collectively, meaning such services actually may not be utilized in connection with each client account that may have provided the commission paid to the brokers providing such services. NFA and the subadvisers are prohibited from considering the broker-dealers sale of shares of any fund for which it serves as investment adviser or subadviser, except as may be specifically permitted by law.

 

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Fund portfolio transactions may be effected with broker-dealers who have assisted investors in the purchase of variable annuity contracts or variable insurance policies issued by Nationwide Life Insurance Company or Nationwide Life & Annuity Insurance Company. However, neither such assistance nor sale of other investment company shares is a qualifying or disqualifying factor in a broker-dealer’s selection, nor is the selection of any broker-dealer based on the volume of shares sold.

The Cardinal Funds, the Investor Destinations Funds, and NVIT Income Bond Fund did not pay soft dollar commissions or brokerage commissions for the fiscal year December 31, 2009. These Funds also did not hold any investments in securities of their regular broker-dealers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009.

Under the 1940 Act, “affiliated persons” of the Funds are prohibited from dealing with it as a principal in the purchase and sale of securities unless an exemptive order allowing such transactions is obtained from the SEC. However, the Funds may purchase securities from underwriting syndicates of which an affiliate, as defined in the 1940 Act, is a member under certain conditions, in accordance with Rule 10f-3 under the 1940 Act.

Each of the Funds contemplates that, consistent with the policy of obtaining best results, brokerage transactions may be conducted through “affiliated broker/dealers,” as defined in the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, commissions paid by a Fund to an “affiliated broker/dealer” in connection with a purchase or sale of securities offered on a securities exchange may not exceed the usual and customary broker’s commission. Accordingly, it is the Funds’ policy that the commissions to be paid to an affiliated broker-dealer must, in the judgment of NFA or the appropriate subadviser, be (1) at least as favorable as those that would be charged by other brokers having comparable execution capability and (2) at least as favorable as commissions contemporaneously charged by such broker or dealer on comparable transactions for its most favored unaffiliated customers, except for accounts for which the affiliate broker-dealer acts as a clearing broker for another brokerage firm and customers of an affiliated broker-dealer considered by a majority of the independent trustees not to be comparable to the Funds. NFA and the subadvisers do not deem it practicable or in the Funds’ best interests to solicit competitive bids for commissions on each transaction. However, consideration regularly is given to information concerning the prevailing level of commissions charged on comparable transactions by other brokers during comparable periods of time.

PURCHASES, REDEMPTIONS AND PRICING OF SHARES

An insurance company purchases shares of the Funds at their net asset value (“NAV”) using purchase payments received on variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies issued by separate accounts. These separate accounts are funded by shares of the Funds.

All investments in the Trust are credited to the shareholder’s account in the form of full and fractional shares of the designated Fund (rounded to the nearest 1/1000 of a share). The Trust does not issue share certificates. Each Fund may accept payment for shares in the form of securities that are permissible investments for such Fund.

The NAV per share of each Fund is determined once daily, as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”) (generally 4 P.M. Eastern Time) on each business day the Exchange is open for regular trading (and on such other days as the Board determines) (together, the “Valuation Time”). However, to the extent that a Fund’s investments are traded in markets that are open when the Exchange is closed, the value of the Fund’s investments may change on days when shares cannot be purchased or redeemed.

The Trust will not compute NAV for the Funds on customary national business holidays, including the following: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day, and any other days when the Exchange is closed.

Each Fund reserves the right to not determine NAV when: (i) a Fund has not received any orders to purchase, sell or exchange shares and (ii) changes in the value of the Fund’s portfolio do not affect the NAV.

The offering price for orders placed before the close of the Exchange, on each business day the Exchange is open for trading, will be based upon calculation of the NAV at the close of regular trading on the Exchange. For

 

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orders placed after the close of regular trading on the Exchange, or on a day on which the Exchange is not open for trading, the offering price is based upon NAV at the close of the Exchange on the next day thereafter on which the Exchange is open for trading. The NAV of a share of each Fund on which offering and redemption prices are based is the NAV of that Fund, divided by the number of shares outstanding, the result being adjusted to the nearer cent. The NAV of each Fund is determined by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its assets (chiefly composed of shares in the Underlying Funds). The NAV per share for a class is calculated by adding the value of all securities and other assets of a Fund allocable to the class, deducting liabilities allocable to that class, and dividing by the number of that class’ shares outstanding. Each Fund may reject any order to buy shares and may suspend the sale of shares at any time.

Investments in the Underlying Funds are based on the NAV of those mutual funds, which in turn may use fair value pricing, as discussed in their respective prospectuses. Shares of exchange-traded funds are valued based on the prices at which they trade on the stock exchanges on which they are listed.

Securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at current market value as of Valuation Time. Valuation Time will be as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (usually 4 P.M. Eastern Time). Equity securities are valued at the last quoted sale price, or if there is no sale price, the last quoted bid price provided by an independent pricing service approved by the Board of Trustees. Securities traded on NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. Prices are taken from the primary market or exchange in which each security trades.

Debt and other fixed-income securities (other than short-term obligations) are valued at the last quoted bid price and/or by using a combination of daily quotes and matrix evaluations provided by an independent pricing service, the use of which has been approved by the Board of Trustees. Short-term debt securities such as commercial paper and U.S. Treasury bills, having a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are considered to be “short-term” and may be valued at amortized cost which approximates market value.

Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or for which an independent pricing service does not provide a value or provides a value that does not represent fair value in the judgment of NFA or a designee of NFA, are valued at fair value under procedures approved by the Board of Trustees. Fair value determinations are required for securities whose value is affected by a significant event that will materially affect the value of a domestic or foreign security and which occurs subsequent to the time of the close of the principal market on which such domestic or foreign security trades but prior to the calculation of the Fund’s NAV.

The Funds holding foreign equity securities (the “Foreign Equity Funds”) value securities at fair value in the circumstances described below. Generally, trading in foreign securities markets is completed each day at various times prior to the Valuation Time. Due to the time differences between the closings of the relevant foreign securities exchanges and the Valuation Time for the Foreign Equity Funds, the Foreign Equity Funds will fair value their foreign investments when the market quotations for the foreign investments either are not readily available or are unreliable and, therefore, do not represent fair value. When fair value prices are utilized, these prices will attempt to reflect the impact of the U.S. financial markets’ perceptions and trading activities on the Foreign Equity Funds’ foreign investments since the last closing prices of the foreign investments were calculated on their primary foreign securities markets or exchanges. For these purposes, the Board of Trustees has determined that movements in relevant indices or other appropriate market indicators, after the close of the foreign securities exchanges, may demonstrate that market quotations are unreliable, and may trigger fair value pricing for certain securities. Consequently, fair valuation of portfolio securities may occur on a daily basis. The fair value pricing by the Trust utilizes data furnished by an independent pricing service (and that data draws upon, among other information, the market values of foreign investments). The fair value prices of portfolio securities generally will be used when it is determined that the use of such prices will have an impact on the NAV of a Foreign Equity Fund. When a Foreign Equity Fund uses fair value pricing, the values assigned to the Foreign Equity Fund’s foreign investments may not be the quoted or published prices of the investments on their primary markets or exchanges.

A separate account redeems shares to make benefit or surrender payments under the terms of its variable annuity contracts or variable life insurance policies or, with respect to the NVIT Income Bond Fund, by Nationwide Life separate accounts at any time as required by the mathematical formula(s) related to the asset transfer program of the variable annuity contracts that feature the NVIT Income Bond Fund. Redemptions are processed on any day on which the Trust is open for business and are effected at NAV next determined after the redemption order, in proper form, is received by the Trust’s transfer agent.

 

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A Fund may delay forwarding redemption proceeds for up to seven days if the investor redeeming shares is engaged in excessive trading, or if the amount of the redemption request otherwise would be disruptive to efficient portfolio management, or would adversely affect the Fund. The Trust may suspend the right of redemption for such periods as are permitted under the 1940 Act and under the following unusual circumstances: (a) when the Exchange is closed (other than weekends and holidays) or trading is restricted; (b) when an emergency exists, making disposal of portfolio securities or the valuation of net assets not reasonably practicable; or (c) during any period when the SEC has by order permitted a suspension of redemption for the protection of shareholders.

In Kind Redemptions

The Funds generally plan to redeem their shares for cash. However, each Fund reserves the right, in circumstances where in its sole discretion it determines that cash redemption payments would be undesirable, taking into account the best interests of all fund shareholders, to honor any redemption request by transferring some of the securities held by the Fund directly to a redeeming shareholder (“redemption in-kind”).

The Trust’s Board of Trustees has adopted procedures for redemptions in-kind to affiliated persons of a Fund. Affiliated persons of a Fund include shareholders who are affiliates of the Fund’s investment adviser and shareholders of a Fund owning 5% or more of the outstanding shares of that Fund. These procedures provide that a redemption in-kind shall be effected at approximately the affiliated shareholder’s proportionate share of the distributing Fund’s current net assets, and they are designed so that redemptions will not favor the affiliated shareholder to the detriment of any other shareholder. The procedures also require that the distributed securities be valued in the same manner as they are valued for purposes of computing the distributing Fund’s net asset value and that neither the affiliated shareholder nor any other party with the ability and pecuniary incentive to influence the redemption in-kind selects, or influences the selection of, the distributed securities. Use of the redemption in-kind procedures will allow a Fund to avoid having to sell significant portfolio assets to raise cash to meet the shareholder’s redemption request – thus limiting the potential adverse effect on the distributing Fund’s net asset value.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Description of Shares

The Amended Declaration of Trust permits the Board of Trustees to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest of each Fund and to divide or combine such shares into a greater or lesser number of shares without thereby exchanging the proportionate beneficial interests in the Trust. Each share of a Fund represents an equal proportionate interest in the Fund with each other share. The Trust reserves the right to create and issue a number of different funds. Shares of each Fund would participate equally in the earnings, dividends, and assets of that particular fund. Upon liquidation of a Fund, shareholders are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets of such Fund available for distribution to shareholders.

The Trust is authorized to offer the following series of shares of beneficial interest, without par value and with the various classes listed:

 

SERIES

  

SHARE CLASSES

AllianceBernstein NVIT Global Fixed Income Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class VI, Class Y
American Century NVIT Multi Cap Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
American Funds NVIT Asset Allocation Fund*    Class II
American Funds NVIT Bond Fund*    Class II
American Funds NVIT Global Growth Fund*    Class II
American Funds NVIT Growth Fund*    Class II
American Funds NVIT Growth-Income Fund*    Class II
Federated NVIT High Income Bond Fund*    Class I, Class III

 

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Gartmore NVIT International Equity Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class VI, Class Y
Gartmore NVIT Worldwide Leaders Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class VI
Neuberger Berman NVIT Multi Cap Opportunities Fund*    Class I, Class II
Neuberger Berman NVIT Socially Responsible Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Bond Index Fund*    Class II, Class Y
NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund    Class I, Class II
NVIT Core Bond Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Core Plus Bond Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Developing Markets Fund*    Class I, Class II
NVIT Emerging Markets Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class VI, Class Y
NVIT Enhanced Income Fund*    Class II, Class Y
NVIT Government Bond Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV
NVIT Growth Fund*    Class I, Class IV
NVIT Income Bond Fund    Class II
NVIT International Index Fund*    Class II, Class VI, Class VIII, Class Y
NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund    Class II, Class VI
NVIT Mid Cap Index Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class Y
NVIT Money Market Fund*    Class I, Class IV, Class V, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class VI, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV, Class VI, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Growth Opportunities Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV, Class Y
NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV, Class Y
NVIT Multi Sector Bond Fund*    Class I, Class III
NVIT Nationwide Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV, Class Y
NVIT Real Estate Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT S&P 500 Index Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class IV, Class Y
NVIT Short Term Bond Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
NVIT Small Cap Index Fund*    Class II, Class Y
Oppenheimer NVIT Large Cap Growth Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class Y
Templeton NVIT International Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class III, Class VI, Class Y
Van Kampen NVIT Comstock Value Fund*    Class I, Class II, Class IV, Class Y

 

* Information on these Funds is contained in a separate Statement(s) of Additional Information.

 

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You have an interest only in the assets of the shares of the Fund which you own. Shares of a particular class are equal in all respects to the other shares of that class. In the event of liquidation of a Fund, shares of the same class will share pro rata in the distribution of the net assets of the Fund with all other shares of that class. All shares are without par value and when issued and paid for, are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shares may be exchanged or converted as described in this SAI and in the Prospectus but will have no other preference, conversion, exchange or preemptive rights.

Voting Rights

Shareholders of each class of shares have one vote for each share held and a proportionate fractional vote for any fractional share held. Shareholders may vote in the election of Trustees and on other matters submitted to meetings of shareholders. Shares, when issued, are fully paid and nonassessable. Generally, amendment may not be made to the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust. The Trustees may, however, further amend the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to:

 

  (1) designate series of the Trust; or

 

  (2) change the name of the Trust; or

 

  (3) apply any omission, cure, correct, or supplement any ambiguous, defective, or inconsistent provision to conform the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust to the requirements of applicable federal laws or regulations if they deem it necessary.

An annual or special meeting of shareholders to conduct necessary business is not required by the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, the 1940 Act or other authority, except, under certain circumstances, to amend the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, the Investment Advisory Agreement, fundamental investment objectives, investment policies and investment restrictions, to elect and remove Trustees, to reorganize the Trust or any series or class thereof and to act upon certain other business matters. In regard to termination, sale of assets, modification or change of the Investment Advisory Agreement, or change of investment restrictions, the right to vote is limited to the holders of shares of the particular Fund affected by the proposal. However, shares of all Funds vote together, and not by Fund, in the election of Trustees. If an issue must be approved by a majority as defined in the 1940 Act, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of (i) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting when the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares. For the election of Trustees only a plurality is required. Holders of shares subject to a Rule 12b-1 fee will vote as a class and not with holders of any other class with respect to the approval of the Distribution Plan.

With respect to Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company (collectively, “Nationwide Life”), and certain other insurance companies (each, a “Participating Insurance Company”) separate accounts, Nationwide Life and each Participating Insurance Company will vote the shares of each Fund at a shareholder meeting in accordance with the timely instructions received from persons entitled to give voting instructions under the variable contracts. Nationwide Life and each Participating Insurance Company are expected to vote shares attributable to variable contracts as to which no voting instructions are received in the same proportion (for, against, or abstain) as those for which timely instructions are received. As a result, those contract owners that actually provide voting instructions may control the outcome of the vote even though their actual percentage ownership of a Fund alone would not be sufficient to approve a Proposal. Contract owners will also be permitted to revoke previously submitted voting instructions in accordance with instructions contained in the proxy statement sent to the Funds’ shareholders and to contract owners.

 

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TAX STATUS

This is for general information only and not tax advice. For federal income tax purposes, the insurance company (rather than the purchaser of a variable contract) is treated as the owner of the shares of the Fund selected as an investment option. Holders of variable contracts should consult their own tax advisors for more information on their tax situation, including the possible applicability of federal, state, local and foreign taxes.

Taxation of the Fund

Each Fund has elected and intends to qualify, or, if newly organized, intends to elect and qualify, each year as a regulated investment company (sometimes referred to as a “regulated investment company,” “RIC” or “fund”) under Subchapter M of the Code. If a Fund so qualifies, the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of its investment company taxable income (that is, generally, taxable interest, dividends, net short-term capital gains, and other taxable ordinary income, net of expenses, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) that it distributes to shareholders.

With respect to the Funds, this SAI uses the term “Fund” to include the Underlying Funds in which such Funds invest.

In order to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company, the Fund must satisfy the following requirements:

 

   

Distribution Requirement — the Fund must distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income and 90% of its net tax-exempt income, if any, for the tax year (including, for purposes of satisfying this distribution requirement, certain distributions made by the Fund after the close of its taxable year that are treated as made during such taxable year).

 

   

Income Requirement — the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, certain payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived from its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from qualified publicly traded partnerships (QPTPs).

 

   

Asset Diversification Test — the Fund must satisfy the following asset diversification test at the close of each quarter of the Fund’s tax year: (1) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets must consist of cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and securities of other issuers (as to which the Fund has not invested more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets in securities of an issuer and as to which the Fund does not hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer); and (2) no more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies) or of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or, in the securities of one or more QPTPs.

In some circumstances, the character and timing of income realized by the Fund for purposes of the Income Requirement or the identification of the issuer for purposes of the Asset Diversification Test is uncertain under current law with respect to a particular investment, and an adverse determination or future guidance by IRS with respect to such type of investment may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to satisfy these requirements. See, “Other Tax Consequences — Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions” below with respect to the application of these requirements to certain types of investments. In other circumstances, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio holdings in order to meet the Income Requirement, Distribution Requirement, or Asset Diversification Test which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s income and performance.

The Fund may use "equalization accounting" (in lieu of making some cash distributions) in determining the portion of its income and gains that has been distributed. If the Fund uses equalization accounting, it will allocate a

 

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portion of its undistributed investment company taxable income and net capital gain to redemptions of Fund shares and will correspondingly reduce the amount of such income and gains that it distributes in cash. If the IRS determines that the Fund’s allocation is improper and that the Fund has under-distributed its income and gain for any taxable year, the Fund may be liable for federal income and/or excise tax. If, as a result of such adjustment, the Fund fails to satisfy the Distribution Requirement, the Fund will not qualify that year as a regulated investment company the effect of which is described in the following paragraph.

If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders, and the dividends will be taxable to the shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Failure to qualify as a regulated investment company would thus have a negative impact on the Fund’s income and performance. It is possible that the Fund will not qualify as a regulated investment company in any given tax year. Moreover, the Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company if it determines such a course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.

Post-October Losses. The Fund presently intends to elect to treat any net capital loss or any net long-term capital loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year in determining its taxable income for the current year. The effect of this election is to treat any such net loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year in determining the Fund’s net capital gain for capital gain dividend purposes (see, “Other Tax Consequences — Taxation of Fund Distributions — Distributions of Capital Gains” below). The Fund may also elect to treat all or part of any net foreign currency loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

Fund of Funds. If shares of an Underlying Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after redeeming at a loss other shares of that underlying fund (whether pursuant to a rebalancing of the Fund’s portfolio or otherwise), all or a part of the loss will not be deductible by the Fund and instead will increase its basis for the newly purchased shares. Also, a feeder fund (a) is not eligible to pass-through to shareholders foreign tax credits from an underlying fund that pays foreign income taxes (see, “Other Tax Consequences — Taxation of Fund Distributions — Pass-through of foreign tax credits” below), (b) is not eligible pass-through to shareholders exempt-interest dividends from an Underlying Fund, and (c) dividends paid by a fund of funds from interest earned by an Underlying Fund on U.S. government obligations is unlikely to be exempt from state and local income tax. However, a fund of funds is eligible to pass-through to shareholders qualified dividends earned by an Underlying Fund (see, “Other Tax Consequences — Taxation of Fund Distributions — Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations” below).

Federal Excise Tax. To avoid a 4% non-deductible excise tax, the Fund must distribute by December 31 of each year an amount equal to: (1) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (2) 98% of capital gain net income (that is, the excess of the gains from sales or exchanges of capital assets over the losses from such sales or exchanges) for the one-year period ended on October 31 of such calendar year (or, at the election of a regulated investment company having a taxable year ending November 30 or December 31, for its taxable year), and (3) any prior year undistributed ordinary income and capital gain net income. Generally, the Fund intends to make sufficient distributions prior to the end of each calendar year to avoid any material liability for federal excise tax, but can give no assurances that all such liability will be avoided. In addition, under certain circumstances, temporary timing or permanent differences in the realization of income and expense for book and tax purposes can result in the Fund having to pay some excise tax. However, in any calendar year in which the investment made by the Manager and its affiliates in the Fund does not exceed $250,000, the Fund may qualify for an exemption from the excise tax regardless of whether it has satisfied the foregoing distribution requirements. Fund that do not qualify for this exemption intend to make sufficient distributions to avoid imposition of the excise tax.

Foreign Income Tax. Investment income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to foreign income tax withheld at the source and the amount of tax withheld will generally be treated as an expense of the Fund. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries which entitle the Fund to a reduced rate of, or exemption from, tax on such income. It is impossible to determine the effective rate of foreign tax in advance since the amount of the Fund’s assets to be invested in various countries is not known. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may elect to pass-through foreign tax credits to shareholders.

 

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Special Rules Applicable to Variable Contracts

In addition to the asset diversification and other requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company, the Fund is generally subject to another set of asset diversification requirements under Section 817(h) of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to insurance company separate accounts and their underlying funding vehicles. The Fund intends to comply with these requirements. If these requirements are not met, or under other limited circumstances, it is possible that the contract holders, rather than the separate accounts, will be treated for federal income tax purposes as the taxable owners of the assets held by the separate accounts.

To satisfy these diversification requirements, as of the end of each calendar quarter or within 30 days thereafter, the Fund must (a) be qualified as a “regulated investment company”; and (b) have either (i) no more than 55% of the total value of its assets in cash and cash equivalents, government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies; or (ii) no more than 55% of its total assets represented by any one investment, no more than 70% by any two investments, no more than 80% by any three investments, and no more than 90% by any four investments. For this purpose all securities of the same issuer are considered a single investment, and each agency or instrumentality of the U.S. government is treated as a separate issuer of securities.

Section 817(h) of the Internal Revenue Code provides a look-through rule for purposes of testing the diversification of a segregated asset account that invests in a regulated investment company such as the Fund. Treasury Regulations Section 1.817-5(f)(1) provides, in part, that if the look-through rule applies, a beneficial interest in an investment company (including a regulated investment company) shall not be treated as a single investment of a segregated asset account; instead, a pro rata portion of each asset of the investment company shall be treated as an asset of the segregated asset account. Treasury Regulations Section 1.817-5(f)(2) provides (except as otherwise permitted) that the look-through rule shall apply to an investment company only if

 

   

All the beneficial interests in the investment company are held by one or more segregated asset accounts of one or more insurance companies; and

 

   

Public access to such investment company is available exclusively through the purchase of a variable contract.

As provided in the offering documents, all the beneficial interests in the Fund are held by one or more segregated asset accounts of one or more insurance companies (except as otherwise permitted), and public access to the Fund is available solely through the purchase of a variable contract (such a fund is sometimes referred to as a “closed fund”). Accordingly, under the look-through rule of Section 817(h) of the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations Section 1.817-5(f), the investing segregated asset account is treated as owning a pro rata portion of each asset of a Fund in which it invests, including a pro rata portion of each asset of any Underlying Fund that is a closed fund, for purposes of determining whether the segregated asset account is adequately diversified. See Revenue Ruling 2005-7, 2005-6 IRB 464 (January 19, 2005).

In addition, a contract holder should not be able to direct the Fund’s investment in any particular asset so as to avoid the prohibition on investor control. The Treasury Department may issue future pronouncements addressing the circumstances in which a variable contract owner’s control of the investments of a separate account may cause the contract owner, rather than the insurance company, to be treated as the owner of the assets held by the separate account. If the contract owner is considered the owner of the separate account, income and gains produced by those securities would be included currently in the contract owner’s gross income. It is not known what standards will be set forth in any such pronouncements or when, if at all, these pronouncements may be issued.

Reference should be made to the prospectus for the applicable contract for more information regarding the federal income tax consequences to an owner of a contract.

OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES

Taxation of Fund Distributions

The Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain for each taxable year.

 

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Distributions of Net Investment Income. The Fund receives income generally in the form of dividends and interest on its investments in portfolio securities. This income, less expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund, constitutes its net investment income from which dividends may be paid to the separate account. In the case of a Fund whose strategy includes investing in stocks of corporations, a portion of the income dividends paid to the separate account may be qualified dividends eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction.

Distributions of Capital Gains. The Fund may derive capital gain and loss in connection with sales or other dispositions of its portfolio securities. Distributions derived from the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss will be taxable as ordinary income. Distributions paid from the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss will be taxable as long-term capital gain. Any net short-term or long-term capital gain realized by the Fund (net of any capital loss carryovers) generally will be distributed once each year and may be distributed more frequently, if necessary, in order to reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund.

Returns of Capital. Distributions by the Fund that are not paid from earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of (and in reduction of) the shareholder's tax basis in his shares; any excess will be treated as gain from the sale of his shares.

Dividends-Received Deduction for Corporations. For corporate shareholders, a portion of the dividends paid by the Fund may qualify for the dividends-received deduction. The availability of the dividends-received deduction is subject to certain holding period and debt financing restrictions imposed under the Code on the corporation claiming the deduction. Income derived by the Fund from investments in derivatives, fixed-income and foreign securities generally is not eligible for this treatment.

Pass-Through of Foreign Tax Credits. If more than 50% of the Fund’s total assets at the close of a fiscal year is invested in foreign securities, the Fund may elect to pass through to the Fund’s shareholders their pro rata share of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. The shareholders will then be entitled either to deduct their share of these taxes in computing their taxable income or to claim a foreign tax credit for these taxes against their U.S. federal income tax (subject to limitations for certain shareholders). Shareholders may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of their proportionate shares of the foreign income tax paid by the Fund due to certain limitations that may apply.

Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more “tax credit bonds” (including build America bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholder’s proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholder’s ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.

Consent Dividends. The Fund may utilize the consent dividend provisions of section 565 of the Code to make distributions. Provided that all shareholders agree in a consent filed with the income tax return of the Fund to treat as a dividend the amount specified in the consent, the amount will be considered a distribution just as any other distribution paid in money and reinvested back into the Fund.

Tax Shelter Reporting. Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to the Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886.

Tax Treatment of Portfolio Transactions

The Fund may invest in complex securities that could be subject to numerous special and complex tax rules. These rules could accelerate the recognition of income by the Fund (possibly causing the Fund to sell securities to raise the cash for necessary distributions) and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize a loss, and, in limited cases, subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax.

 

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TAX CONSEQUENCES TO SHAREHOLDERS

Since shareholders of the Fund will be the insurance company separate accounts, no discussion is included herein concerning federal income tax consequences for the holders of the contracts. For information concerning the federal income tax consequences to any such holder, see the prospectus relating to the applicable contract.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

To the extent Nationwide Life Insurance Company and its affiliates directly or indirectly owned, controlled and held power to vote 25% or more of the outstanding shares of the Funds, they are deemed to have “control” over matters which are subject to a vote of the Fund’s shares.

Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company, each located at One Nationwide Plaza, Columbus, Ohio 43215, are wholly owned by Nationwide Financial Services, Inc. (“NFS”). NFS, a holding company, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nationwide Corporation. All of the common stock of Nationwide Corporation is held by Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company (95.2%) and Nationwide Mutual Fire Insurance Company (4.8%), each of which is a mutual company owned by its policyholders.

As of March 1, 2011, the Trustees and Officers of the Trust as a group owned beneficially less than 1% of the shares of any class of the Funds.

As of March 1, 2011, the record shareholders identified in Appendix D to this SAI held five percent or greater of the shares of a class of a Fund. Fund classes are generally sold to and owned by insurance company separate accounts to serve as the investment vehicle for variable annuity and life insurance contracts. Pursuant to an order received from the SEC, the Trust maintains participation agreements with insurance company separate accounts that obligate such insurance companies to pass any proxy solicitations through to underlying contract holders who in turn are asked to designate voting instructions. In the event that an insurance company does not receive voting instructions from contract holders, it is obligated to vote the shares that correspond to such contract holders in the same proportion as instructions received from all other applicable contract holders.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Financial Statements of the Trust for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 included in the Trust’s Annual Report are incorporated herein by reference. Copies of the Annual Report are available without charge upon request by writing the Trust or by calling toll free 800-848-0920.

 

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APPENDIX A

DEBT RATINGS

STANDARD & POOR’S DEBT RATINGS

A Standard & Poor’s corporate or municipal debt rating is an opinion of the general creditworthiness of an obligor, or the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a particular debt security or other financial obligation, based on relevant risk factors.

The debt rating does not constitute a recommendation to purchase, sell, or hold a particular security. In addition, a rating does not comment on the suitability of an investment for a particular investor. The ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or obtained by Standard & Poor’s from other sources it considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or for other circumstances.

The ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations:

 

 

1.

   Likelihood of default - capacity and willingness of the obligor as to its financial commitments in a timely manner in accordance with the terms of the obligation.
 

2.

   Nature of and provisions of the obligation.
 

3.

   Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting.

INVESTMENT GRADE

 

AAA -    Debt rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. Capacity to meet financial commitments is extremely strong.
AA -    Debt rated ‘AA’ has a very strong capacity to meet financial commitments and differs from the highest rated issues only in small degree.
A -    Debt rated ‘A’ has a strong capacity to meet financial commitments although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.
BBB-    Debt rated ‘BBB’ is regarded as having an adequate capacity meet financial commitments. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to meet financial commitments for debt in this category than in higher rated categories.

SPECULATIVE GRADE

Debt rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’ and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

 

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BB -    Debt rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet financial commitments.
B-    Debt rated ‘B’ has a greater vulnerability to nonpayment than obligations rated BB but currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to meet financial commitments.
CCC -    Debt rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet financial commitments. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments.
CC -    Debt rated ‘CC’ typically is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C -    Debt rated ‘C’ may signify that a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued.
D -    Debt rated ‘D’ is in payment default. The ‘D’ rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.
.   

MOODY’S LONG-TERM DEBT RATINGS

 

Aaa -    Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk.
Aa -    Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards and are subject to very low credit risk.
A -    Bonds which are rated A are to be considered as upper-medium grade obligations and subject to low credit risk.
Baa -    Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations, subject to moderate credit risk and in fact may have speculative characteristics.
Ba -    Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B -    Bonds which are rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa -    Bonds which are rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca -    Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are highly speculative. Such issues are likely in default, or very near, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C -    Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and are typically in default. There is little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

 

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STATE AND MUNICIPAL NOTES

Excerpts from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., description of state and municipal note ratings:

MIG-1- Notes bearing this designation are of superior credit quality, enjoying excellent protection by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG-2- Notes bearing this designation are of strong credit quality, with margins of protection ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

MIG-3- Notes bearing this designation are of acceptable credit quality, with possibly narrow liquidity and cash-flow protection. Market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.

SG- Notes bearing this designation are of speculative-grade credit quality and may lack sufficient margins of protection.

FITCH, INC. BOND RATINGS

Fitch investment grade bond ratings provide a guide to investors in determining the credit risk associated with a particular security. The ratings represent Fitch’s assessment of the issuer’s ability to meet the obligations of a specific debt issue or class of debt in a timely manner.

The rating takes into consideration special features of the issue, its relationship to other obligations of the issuer, the current and prospective financial condition and operating performance of the issuer and any guarantor, as well as the economic and political environment that might affect the issuer’s future financial strength and credit quality.

Fitch ratings do not reflect any credit enhancement that may be provided by insurance policies or financial guaranties unless otherwise indicated.

Bonds that have the same rating are of similar but not necessarily identical credit quality since the rating categories do not fully reflect small differences in the degrees of credit risk.

Fitch ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell, or hold any security. ratings do not comment on the adequacy of market price, the suitability of any security for a particular investor, or the tax-exempt nature or taxability of payments made in respect of any security.

Fitch ratings are based on information obtained from issuers, other obligors, underwriters, their experts, and other sources Fitch believes to be reliable. Fitch does not audit or verify the truth or accuracy of such information. Ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or the unavailability of, information or for other reasons.

 

AAA    Bonds considered investment grade and representing the lowest expectation of credit risk. The obligor has an exceptionally strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, a capacity that is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA    Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. This rating indicates a very strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, a capacity that is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A    Bonds considered to be investment grade and represent a low expectation of credit risk. This rating indicates a strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in economic conditions or circumstances than long term debt with higher ratings.

 

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BBB    Bonds considered to be in the lowest investment grade and indicates that there is currently low expectation of credit risk. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB    Bonds are considered speculative. This rating indicates that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic changes over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.
B    Bonds are considered highly speculative. This rating indicates that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.
CCC, CC and C    Bonds are considered a high default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic developments. A ‘CC’ rating indicates that default of some kind appears probable. ‘C’ rating signal imminent default.
DDD, DD and D    Bonds are in default. Such bonds are not meeting current obligations and are extremely speculative. ‘DDD’ designates the highest potential for recovery of amounts outstanding on any securities involved and ‘D’ represents the lowest potential for recovery.

SHORT-TERM RATINGS

STANDARD & POOR’S COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS

A Standard & Poor’s commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of debt considered short-term in the relevant market.

Ratings are graded into several categories, ranging from ‘A-1’ for the highest quality obligations to ‘D’ for the lowest. These categories are as follows:

 

A-1    This highest category indicates that capacity to meet financial commitments is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+) designation.
A-2    Capacity to meet financial commitments is satisfactory, although more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories.
A-3    Issues carrying this designation have adequate protections. They are, however, more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances which could weaken capacity to meet financial commitments.
B    Issues rated ‘B’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics.
C    This rating is assigned to short-term debt obligations that are vulnerable to nonpayment and dependent on favorable business, financial, and economic conditions in order to meet financial commitments.

 

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D

   Debt rated ‘D’ is in payment default. The ‘D’ rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.

STANDARD & POOR’S NOTE RATINGS

An S&P note rating reflects the liquidity factors and market-access risks unique to notes. Notes maturing in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating.

The following criteria will be used in making the assessment:

 

  1. Amortization schedule-the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely the issue is to be treated as a note.

 

  2. Source of payment-the more the issue depends on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it is to be considered a note.

Note rating symbols and definitions are as follows:

 

SP-1

   Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Issues determined to possess very strong capacity to pay principal and interest are given a plus (+) designation.

SP-2

   Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

SP-3

   Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

MOODY’S SHORT-TERM RATINGS

Moody’s short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. These obligations have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted. Moody’s employs the following three designations to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated issuers:

 

P-1    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior capacity to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.

Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

MOODY’S NOTE RATINGS

 

MIG 1/VMIG 1

   Notes bearing this designation are of superior credit quality, enjoying excellent protection by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

 

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MIG 2/VMIG 2    Notes bearing this designation are of strong credit quality, with margins of protection ample although not so large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3/VMIG 3    Notes bearing this designation are of acceptable credit quality, with possibly narrow liquidity and cash-flow protection. Market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.
SG    Notes bearing this designation are of speculative-grade credit quality and may lack sufficient margins of protection.

FITCH’S SHORT-TERM RATINGS

Fitch’s short-term ratings apply to debt obligations that are payable on demand or have original maturities of up to three years, including commercial paper, certificates of deposit, medium-term notes, and municipal and investment notes.

The short-term rating places greater emphasis than a long-term rating on the existence of liquidity necessary to meet the issuer’s obligations in a timely manner.

 

    F-1+    Best quality, indicating exceptionally strong capacity to meet financial commitments.
    F-1    Best quality, indicating strong capacity to meet financial commitments.
    F-2    Good quality with satisfactory capacity to meet financial commitments.
    F-3    Fair quality with adequate capacity to meet financial commitments but near term adverse conditions could impact the commitments.
    B    Speculative quality and minimal capacity to meet commitments and vulnerability to short-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
    C    Possibility of default is high and the financial commitments are dependent upon sustained, favorable business and economic conditions.
    D    In default and has failed to meet its financial commitments.

 

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APPENDIX B

APPENDIX B - PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARIES

Nationwide Fund Advisors

GENERAL

The Board of Trustees of Nationwide Mutual Funds and Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (the “Funds”) has approved the continued delegation of the authority to vote proxies relating to the securities held in the portfolios of the Funds to each Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser, as the case may be, after the Board reviewed and considered the proxy voting policies and procedures used by each of the investment advisers and sub-advisers of the Funds, some of which advisers and sub-advisers use an independent service provider, as described below.

Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA” or the “Adviser”), is an investment adviser that is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). NFA currently provides investment advisory services to registered investment companies (hereinafter referred to collectively as “Clients”).

Voting proxies that are received in connection with underlying portfolio securities held by Clients is an important element of the portfolio management services that NFA performs for Clients. NFA’s goal in performing this service is to make proxy voting decisions: (i) to vote or not to vote proxies in a manner that serves the best economic interests of Clients; and (ii) that avoid the influence of conflicts of interest. To implement this goal, NFA has adopted proxy voting guidelines (the “Proxy Voting Guidelines”) to assist it in making proxy voting decisions and in developing procedures for effecting those decisions. The Proxy Voting Guidelines are designed to ensure that, where NFA has the authority to vote proxies, all legal, fiduciary, and contractual obligations will be met.

The Proxy Voting Guidelines address a wide variety of individual topics, including, among other matters, shareholder voting rights, anti-takeover defenses, board structures and the election of directors, executive and director compensation, reorganizations, mergers, and various shareholder proposals.

The proxy voting records of the Funds are available to shareholders on the Trust’s website, www.nationwide.com/mutualfunds, and the SEC’s website.

HOW PROXIES ARE VOTED

NFA has delegated to RiskMetrics Group ISS Governance Services (“RiskMetrics”), an independent service provider, the administration of proxy voting for Client portfolio securities directly managed by NFA, subject to oversight by NFA’s “Proxy Voting Committee.” Risk Metrics, a Delaware corporation, provides proxy-voting services to many asset managers on a global basis. The NFA Proxy Voting Committee has reviewed, and will continue to review annually, the relationship with Risk Metrics and the quality and effectiveness of the various services provided by Risk Metrics.

Specifically, Risk Metrics assists NFA in the proxy voting and corporate governance oversight process by developing and updating the “Risk Metrics Proxy Voting Guidelines,” which are incorporated into the Proxy Voting Guidelines, and by providing research and analysis, recommendations regarding votes, operational implementation, and recordkeeping and reporting services. NFA’s decision to retain Risk Metrics is based principally on the view that the services that Risk Metrics provides, subject to oversight by NFA, generally will result in proxy voting decisions which serve the best economic interests of Clients. NFA has reviewed, analyzed, and determined that the Risk Metrics Proxy Voting Guidelines are consistent with the views of NFA on the various types of proxy proposals. When the Risk Metrics Proxy Voting Guidelines do not cover a specific proxy issue and Risk Metrics does not provide a recommendation: (i) Risk Metrics will notify NFA; and (ii) NFA will use its best judgment in voting proxies on behalf of the Clients. A summary of the Risk Metrics Proxy Voting Guidelines is set forth below.

 

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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

NFA does not engage in investment banking, administration or management of corporate retirement plans, or any other activity that is likely to create a potential conflict of interest. In addition, because Client proxies are voted by Risk Metrics pursuant to the pre-determined Risk Metrics Proxy Voting Guidelines, NFA generally does not make an actual determination of how to vote a particular proxy, and, therefore, proxies voted on behalf of Clients do not reflect any conflict of interest. Nevertheless, the Proxy Voting Guidelines address the possibility of such a conflict of interest arising.

The Proxy Voting Guidelines provide that, if a proxy proposal were to create a conflict of interest between the interests of a Client and those of NFA (or between a Client and those of any of NFA’s affiliates, including Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC and Nationwide), then the proxy should be voted strictly in conformity with the recommendation of Risk Metrics. To monitor compliance with this policy, any proposed or actual deviation from a recommendation of Risk Metrics must be reported by the NFA Proxy Voting Committee to the chief counsel for NFA. The chief counsel for NFA then will provide guidance concerning the proposed deviation and whether a deviation presents any potential conflict of interest. If NFA then casts a proxy vote that deviates from a Risk Metrics recommendation, the affected Client (or other appropriate Client authority) will be given a report of this deviation.

CIRCUMSTANCES UNDER WHICH PROXIES WILL NOT BE VOTED

NFA, through Risk Metrics, shall attempt to process every vote for all domestic and foreign proxies that they receive; however, there may be cases in which NFA will not process a proxy because it is impractical or too expensive to do so. For example, NFA will not process a proxy in connection with a foreign security if the cost of voting a foreign proxy outweighs the benefit of voting the foreign proxy, when NFA has not been given enough time to process the vote, or when a sell order for the foreign security is outstanding and proxy voting would impede the sale of the foreign security. Also, NFA generally will not seek to recall the securities on loan for the purpose of voting the securities – except, in regard to a sub-advised Fund, for those proxy votes that a sub-adviser (retained to manage the sub-advised Fund and overseen by NFA) has determined could materially affect the security on loan. The Firm will seek to have the appropriate Sub-adviser(s) vote those proxies relating to securities on loan that are held by a Sub-advised Nationwide Fund that the Sub-adviser(s) has determined could materially affect the security on loan.

DELEGATION OF PROXY VOTING TO SUB-ADVISERS TO FUNDS

For any Fund, or portion of a Fund that is directly managed by a sub-adviser, the Trustees of the Fund and NFA have delegated proxy voting authority to that sub-adviser. Each sub-adviser has provided its proxy voting policies to the Board of Trustees of the Fund and NFA for their respective review and these proxy voting policies are described below. Each sub-adviser is required (1) to represent quarterly to NFA that all proxies of the Fund(s) advised by the sub-adviser were voted in accordance with the sub-adviser’s proxy voting policies as provided to NFA and (2) to confirm that there have been no material changes to the sub-adviser’s proxy voting policies.

2009 RMG PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY

The following is a concise summary of the proxy voting policy guidelines for 2009.

Auditors

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals on auditor rotation, taking into account these factors:

 

   

Tenure of the audit firm

 

   

Establishment and disclosure of a renewal process whereby the auditor is regularly evaluated for both audit quality and competitive price

 

   

Length of the rotation specified in the proposal

 

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Significant audit-related issues

 

   

Number of audit committee meetings held each year

 

   

Number of financial experts serving on the committee

Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections

Vote on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from individual directors who:

 

   

Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse, such as illness, service to the nation, work on behalf of the company, or funeral obligations. If the company provides meaningful public or private disclosure explaining the director’s absences, evaluate the information on a CASE-BY-CASE basis taking into account the following factors:

 

   

Degree to which absences were due to an unavoidable conflict;

 

   

Pattern of absenteeism; and

 

   

Other extraordinary circumstances underlying the director’s absence;

 

   

Sit on more than six public company boards;

 

   

Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies besides their own— withhold only at their outside boards.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors, (except from new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis) if:

 

   

The company’s proxy indicates that not all directors attended 75% of the aggregate of their board and committee meetings, but fails to provide the required disclosure of the names of the directors involved. If this information cannot be obtained, vote against/withhold from all incumbent directors;

 

   

The company’s poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature. Vote against/withhold every year until this feature is removed;

 

   

The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not commit to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of an newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet received a withhold/against recommendation for this issue;

 

   

The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval by a majority of the shares outstanding the previous year (a management proposal with other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);

 

   

The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);

 

   

The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders tendered their shares;

 

   

At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote;

 

   

In general, companies with a plurality vote standard use “Withhold” as the valid contrary vote option in director elections; companies with a majority vote standard use “Against”. However, it will vary by company and the proxy must be checked to determine the valid contrary vote option for the particular company.

 

   

The board is classified, and a continuing director responsible for a problematic governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote recommendation is not up for election- any or all appropriate nominees (except new) may be held accountable;

 

   

The board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one- and three-year total shareholder returns in the bottom half of a company’s four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000 companies only).

 

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Classification/Declassification of the Board

Vote AGAINST proposals to classify the board.

Vote FOR proposals to repeal classified boards and to elect all directors annually.

Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by an independent director, unless the company satisfies all of the following criteria:

The company maintains the following counterbalancing governance structure:

 

   

Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with clearly delineated and comprehensive duties. (The role may alternatively reside with a presiding director, vice chairman, or rotating lead director; however the director must serve a minimum of one year in order to qualify as a lead director.) The duties should include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

   

presides at all meetings of the board at which the chairman is not present, including executive sessions of the independent directors;

 

   

serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors;

 

   

approves information sent to the board;

 

   

approves meeting agendas for the board;

 

   

approves meeting schedules to assure that there is sufficient time for discussion of all agenda items;

 

   

has the authority to call meetings of the independent directors;

 

   

if requested by major shareholders, ensures that he is available for consultation and direct communication;

 

   

Two-thirds independent board;

 

   

All independent key committees;

 

   

Established governance guidelines;

 

   

A company in the Russell 3000 universe must not have exhibited sustained poor total shareholder return (TSR) performance, defined as one- and three-year TSR in the bottom half of the company’s four-digit GICS industry group (using Russell 3000 companies only), unless there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time. For companies not in the Russell 3000 universe, the company must not have underperformed both its peers and index on the basis of both one-year and three-year total shareholder returns, unless there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time;

 

   

The company does not have any problematic governance or management issues, examples of which include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Egregious compensation practices;

 

   

Multiple related-party transactions or other issues putting director independence at risk;

 

   

Corporate and/or management scandals;

 

   

Excessive problematic corporate governance provisions; or

 

   

Flagrant actions by management or the board with potential or realized negative impacts on shareholders.

 

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Majority of Independent Directors/Establishment of Committees

Vote FOR shareholder proposals asking that a majority or more of directors be independent unless the board composition already meets the proposed threshold by RMG’s definition of independent outsider.

Open Access (shareholder resolution)

Vote CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into account the ownership threshold proposed in the resolution and the proponent’s rationale.

Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent

Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to take action by written consent.

Vote FOR proposals to allow or make easier shareholder action by written consent.

Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings

Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to call special meetings.

Vote FOR proposals that remove restrictions on the right of shareholders to act independently of management.

Cumulative Voting

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to eliminate cumulative voting.

Generally vote FOR proposals to restore or provide for cumulative voting unless:

 

   

The company has proxy access or a similar structure2 to allow shareholders to nominate directors to the company’s ballot; and

 

   

The company has adopted a majority vote standard, with a carve-out for plurality voting in situations where there are more nominees than seats, and a director resignation policy to address failed elections.

Vote FOR proposals for cumulative voting at controlled companies (insider voting power > 50%).

Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals

Generally vote FOR precatory and binding resolutions requesting that the board change the company’s bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast, provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding resolutions need to allow for a carveout for a plurality vote standard when there are more nominees than board seats.

Companies are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy (also know as a director resignation policy) that will provide guidelines so that the company will promptly address the situation of a holdover director.

Confidential Voting

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that corporations adopt confidential voting, use independent vote tabulators and use independent inspectors of election. In proxy contests, support confidential voting proposals only if dissidents agree to the same policy that applies to management.

Vote FOR management proposals to adopt confidential voting.

Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections

Votes in a contested election of directors must be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the factors that include the long-term financial performance, management’s track record, qualifications of director nominees (both slates), background to the proxy contest, stock ownership positions, likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved and an evaluation of what each side is offering shareholders.

 

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Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation expenses associated with the election.

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred in connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where the following apply:

 

   

The election of fewer than 50% of the directors to be elected is contested in the election;

 

   

One or more of the dissident’s candidates is elected;

 

   

Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and

 

   

The election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this bylaw.

Poison Pills

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder approved poison pill in place; or (2) The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that the board will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:

 

   

Shareholders have approved the adoption of the plan; or

 

   

The board, in its exercise of its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it is in the best interest of shareholders under the circumstances to adopt a pill without the delay in adoption that would result from seeking stockholder approval (i.e., the “fiduciary out” provision). A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be put to a shareholder ratification vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the pill is not approved by a majority of the votes cast on this issue, the plan will immediately terminate.

Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a time period of less than one year after adoption. If the company has no non-shareholder approved poison pill in place and has adopted a policy with the provisions outlined above, vote AGAINST the proposal. If these conditions are not met, vote FOR the proposal, but with the caveat that a vote within 12 months would be considered sufficient.

Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:

 

   

No lower than a 20% trigger, flip-in or flip-over;

 

   

A term of no more than three years;

 

   

No dead-hand, slow-hand, no-hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future board to redeem the pill;

 

   

Shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced, 10 percent of the shares may call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill.

In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In examining the request for the pill, take into consideration the company’s existing governance structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic governance concerns.

For management proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of preserving a company’s net operating losses (“NOL pills”), the following factors should be considered:

 

   

the trigger (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5%);

 

   

the value of the NOLs;

 

   

the term;

 

   

shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision, causing expiration of the pill upon exhaustion or expiration of NOLs); and

 

   

other factors that may be applicable.

In addition, vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST the entire board of directors, (except new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) if the board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder

 

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approval, does not commit to putting it to a shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of a newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet received a withhold recommendation for this issue.

Mergers and Corporate Restructurings

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and corporate restructurings based on such features as the valuation, market reaction, conflicts of interest, governance, strategic rationale, and the negotiations and process.

Reincorporation Proposals

Proposals to change a company’s state of incorporation should be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns, including the reasons for reincorporating, a comparison of the governance provisions, comparative economic benefit, and a comparison of the jurisdictional laws. Vote FOR reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance changes.

Common Stock Authorization

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance.

Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:

 

   

Specific reasons/ rationale for the proposed increase;

 

   

The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by RiskMetrics’ quantitative model;

 

   

The board’s governance structure and practices; and

 

   

Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.

Vote FOR proposals to approve increases beyond the allowable increase when a company's shares are in danger of being delisted or if a company’s ability to continue to operate as a going concern is uncertain.

Dual-class Stock

Vote AGAINST proposals to create a new class of common stock with superior voting rights.

Vote AGAINST proposals at companies with dual-class capital structures to increase the number of authorized shares of the class of stock that has superior voting rights.

Vote FOR proposals to create a new class of nonvoting or subvoting common stock if:

 

   

It is intended for financing purposes with minimal or no dilution to current shareholders;

 

   

It is not designed to preserve the voting power of an insider or significant shareholder.

Equity Compensation Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Vote AGAINST the equity plan if any of the following factors apply:

 

   

The total cost of the company’s equity plans is unreasonable;

 

   

The plan expressly permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciate rights (SARs) without prior shareholder approval;

 

   

The CEO is a participant in the proposed equity-based compensation plan and there is a disconnect between CEO pay and the company’s performance where over 50 percent of the year-over-year increase is attributed to equity awards;

 

   

The company’s three year burn rate exceeds the greater of 2% and the mean plus one standard deviation of its industry group;

 

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The plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of equity awards even though an actual change in control may not occur (e.g., upon shareholder approval of a transaction or the announcement of a tender offer); or

 

   

The plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices.

Each of these factors is described below:

Cost of Equity Plans

Generally, vote AGAINST equity plans if the cost is unreasonable. For non-employee director plans, vote FOR the plan if certain factors are met (see Director Compensation section).

The cost of the equity plans is expressed as Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT), which is measured using a binomial option pricing model that assesses the amount of shareholders’ equity flowing out of the company to employees and directors. SVT is expressed as both a dollar amount and as a percentage of market value, and includes the new shares proposed, shares available under existing plans, and shares granted but unexercised.

All award types are valued. For omnibus plans, unless limitations are placed on the most expensive types of awards (for example, full value awards), the assumption is made that all awards to be granted will be the most expensive types. See discussion of specific types of awards.

The Shareholder Value Transfer is reasonable if it falls below the company-specific allowable cap. The allowable cap is determined as follows: The top quartile performers in each industry group (using the Global Industry Classification Standard GICS) are identified. Benchmark SVT levels for each industry are established based on these top performers’ historic SVT. Regression analyses are run on each industry group to identify the variables most strongly correlated to SVT. The benchmark industry SVT level is then adjusted upwards or downwards for the specific company by plugging the company-specific performance measures, size and cash compensation into the industry cap equations to arrive at the company’s allowable cap.

Director Compensation

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on compensation plans for non-employee directors, based on the cost of the plans against the company’s allowable cap.

On occasion, director stock plans that set aside a relatively small number of shares when combined with employee or executive stock compensation plans will exceed the allowable cap. Vote for the plan if ALL of the following qualitative factors in the board’s compensation are met and disclosed in the proxy statement:

 

   

Director stock ownership guidelines with a minimum of three times the annual cash retainer.

 

   

Vesting schedule or mandatory holding/deferral period:

 

   

A minimum vesting of three years for stock options or restricted stock; or

 

   

Deferred stock payable at the end of a three-year deferral period.

 

   

Mix between cash and equity:

 

   

A balanced mix of cash and equity, for example 40% cash/60% equity or 50% cash/50% equity; or

 

   

If the mix is heavier on the equity component, the vesting schedule or deferral period should be more stringent, with the lesser of five years or the term of directorship.

 

   

No retirement/benefits and perquisites provided to non-employee directors; and

 

   

Detailed disclosure provided on cash and equity compensation delivered to each non-employee director for the most recent fiscal year in a table. The column headers for the table may include the following: name of each non-employee director, annual retainer, board meeting fees, committee retainer, committee-meeting fees, and equity grants.

Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options

Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options taking into consideration:

 

   

Historic trading patterns—the stock price should not be so volatile that the options are likely to be back “in-the-money” over the near term;

 

 

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Rationale for the re-pricing—was the stock price decline beyond management’s control?

 

   

Is this a value-for-value exchange?

 

   

Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?

 

   

Option vesting—does the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?

 

   

Term of the option—the term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;

 

   

Exercise price—should be set at fair market or a premium to market;

 

   

Participants—executive officers and directors should be excluded.

If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into consideration the company’s total cost of equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.

In addition to the above considerations, evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the repricing proposal.

The proposal should clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous drop in the company’s stock price demonstrates poor timing. Repricing after a recent decline in stock price triggers additional scrutiny and a potential AGAINST vote on the proposal. At a minimum, the decline should not have happened within the past year. Also, consider the terms of the surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule. Grant dates of surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest that repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements.

Similarly, the exercise price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.

Employee Stock Purchase Plans— Qualified Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on qualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR employee stock purchase plans where all of the following apply:

 

   

Purchase price is at least 85 percent of fair market value;

 

   

Offering period is 27 months or less; and

 

   

The number of shares allocated to the plan is ten percent or less of the outstanding shares.

Vote AGAINST qualified employee stock purchase plans where any of the following apply:

 

   

Purchase price is less than 85 percent of fair market value; or

 

   

Offering period is greater than 27 months; or

 

   

The number of shares allocated to the plan is more than ten percent of the outstanding shares.

Employee Stock Purchase Plans— Non-Qualified Plans

Vote CASE-by-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR nonqualified employee stock purchase plans with all the following features:

 

   

Broad-based participation (i.e., all employees of the company with the exclusion of individuals with 5 percent or more of beneficial ownership of the company);

 

   

Limits on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a percent of base salary;

 

   

Company matching contribution up to 25 percent of employee’s contribution, which is effectively a discount of 20 percent from market value;

 

   

No discount on the stock price on the date of purchase since there is a company matching contribution.

Vote AGAINST nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when any of the plan features do not meet the above criteria. If the company matching contribution exceeds 25 percent of employee’s contribution, evaluate the cost of the plan against its allowable cap.

 

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Shareholder Proposals on Compensation

Generally vote CASE-BY-CASE, taking into account company performance, pay level versus peers, pay level versus industry, and long term corporate outlook. But generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that:

 

   

Advocate the use of performance-based equity awards like indexed, premium-priced, and performance-vested options or performance-based shares, unless the proposal is overly restrictive or the company already substantially uses such awards.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERPs)

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting to put extraordinary benefits contained in SERP agreements to a shareholder vote unless the company’s executive pension plans do not contain excessive benefits beyond what is offered under employee-wide plans.

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting to limit the executive benefits provided under the company’s supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP) by limiting covered compensation to a senior executive’s annual salary and excluding of all incentive or bonus pay from the plan’s definition of covered compensation used to establish such benefits.

Social and Environmental Issues

Overall Approach

When evaluating social and environmental shareholder proposals, RMG considers the following factors:

 

   

Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;

 

   

Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful percentage of the company's business as measured by sales, assets, and earnings;

 

   

The degree to which the company's stated position on the issues raised in the proposal could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective purchasing;

 

   

Whether the issues presented are more appropriately/effectively dealt with through governmental or company-specific action;

 

   

Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request embodied in the proposal;

 

   

Whether the company’s analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders are persuasive;

 

   

What other companies have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;

 

   

Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is reasonable;

 

   

Whether implementation of the proposal’s request would achieve the proposal’s objectives;

 

   

Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;

 

   

Whether the requested information is available to shareholders either from the company or from a publicly available source; and

 

   

Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking suppliers, genetic research companies, restaurants and food retail companies to voluntarily label genetically engineered (GE) ingredients in their products and/or eliminate GE ingredients. The cost of labeling and/or phasing out the use of GE ingredients may not be commensurate with the benefits to shareholders and is an issue better left to regulators.

Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a company’s EEO statement or diversity policies to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity, unless the change would result in excessive costs for the company.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on resolutions requesting that companies report on safety and/or security risks associated with their operations and/or facilities, considering:

 

   

The company’s compliance with applicable regulations and guidelines;

 

   

The company’s current level of disclosure regarding its security and safety policies, procedures, and compliance monitoring; and,

The existence of recent, significant violations, fines, or controversy regarding the safety and security of the company’s operations and/or facilities.

 

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APPENDIX C

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

 

Information as of December 31, 2009

INVESTMENTS IN EACH FUND

 

Name of Portfolio

Manager

 

Fund Name

  

Dollar Range of Investments in

Each Fund1

Nationwide Fund Advisors

    

Thomas R. Hickey, Jr.

  NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund    None
  NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund    None
  NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund    $50,001-$100,000
  NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund    None
  NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund    None
  NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund    None
  NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund    None
 

NVIT Income Bond Fund

(as of October 31, 2010)

   None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Aggressive Fund    None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Aggressive Fund    None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund    None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Moderate Fund    None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund    None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Moderately Conservative Fund    None
  NVIT Investor Destinations Conservative Fund    None

 

1

This column reflects investments in a variable insurance contract, owned directly by a portfolio manager or beneficially owned by a portfolio manager (as determined pursuant to Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), that has been allocated to subaccounts that have purchased shares of the Funds. A portfolio manager is presumed to be the beneficial owner of subaccount securities that are held by his or her immediate family members that share the same household as the portfolio manager.

DESCRIPTION OF COMPENSATION STRUCTURE

Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA”):

NFA uses a compensation structure that is designed to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Portfolio managers are compensated based primarily on the scale and complexity of all of their NFA responsibilities, including but not limited to portfolio responsibilities. Portfolio manager compensation is reviewed annually and may be modified at any time as appropriate to adjust the factors used to determine bonuses or other compensation components.

Each portfolio manager is paid a base salary that NFA believes is industry competitive in light of the portfolio manager’s experience and responsibility. In addition, each portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus that is derived from both quantitative and non-quantitative factors. Quantitative factors include the financial performance of NFA or its parent company. Fund performance is not a specific factor in determining a portfolio manager’s compensation. Also significant in annual compensation determinations are subjective factors as identified by NFA’s Chief Investment Officer or

 

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such other managers as may be appropriate. The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as managerial, providing analytical support for other accounts, etc.) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers’ performance in meeting them. Annual bonuses may vary significantly from one year to the next based on all of these factors. High performing portfolio managers may receive annual bonuses that constitute a substantial portion of their respective total compensation.

Portfolio managers also are eligible to participate in a non-qualified deferred compensation plan sponsored by Nationwide Mutual Life Insurance Company, NFA’s ultimate parent company. Such plan affords participating employees the tax benefits of deferring the receipt of a portion of their cash compensation. Portfolio managers also may participate in benefit plans and programs available generally to all NFA employees.

OTHER MANAGED ACCOUNTS

(As of October 31, 2010)

The following chart summarizes information regarding accounts other than the Funds for which each portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities. Accounts are grouped into the following three categories: (1) mutual funds; (2) other pooled investment vehicles; and (3) other accounts. To the extent that any of these accounts pay advisory fees that are based on account performance (“performance-based fees”), information on those accounts is provided separately.

 

Name of Portfolio Manager

  

Number of Accounts Managed by Each Portfolio Manager

and Total Assets by Category

Nationwide Fund Advisors

  

Thomas R. Hickey, Jr.

   Mutual Funds: 29 accounts, $16.9 billion total assets Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: 0 accounts, $0 total assets Other Accounts: 0 accounts, $0 total assets

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA”):

It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the portfolio managers’ management of the Funds on the one hand, and other accounts or activities for which the portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Fund and other accounts he advises or activities in which he participates. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between the Fund and the other accounts or products, a portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account or product that differs from the action taken with respect to the Fund. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his discretion in a manner that he believes is equitable to all interested persons. The Trust has adopted policies that are designed to eliminate or minimize conflicts of interest, although there is no guarantee that procedures adopted under such policies will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.

 

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APPENDIX D - 5% Shareholders

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS CAPITAL APPRECIATION FUND

CLASS II

 

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     35,550,192.47         98.67

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS BALANCED FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     23,212,388.26         96.83

NVIT CARDINAL AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE CO

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     185,900.86         37.29

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     181,009.81         36.31

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     97,072.64         19.47

NVIT CARDINAL MODERATELY AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     1,513,485.94         55.64

NATIONWIDE LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE CO

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     584,530.77         21.49

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     497,591.83         18.29

NVIT CARDINAL CAPITAL APPRECIATION FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     376,270.32         39.38

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     308,743.47         32.32


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NATIONWIDE LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE CO

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     214,857.71         22.49

NVIT CARDINAL MODERATE FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY C/O

Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     652,133.89         38.29

NATIONWIDE LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE CO

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     526,748.91         30.92

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     356,954.21         20.96

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     109,284.98         6.42

NVIT CARDINAL BALANCED FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     12,839,800.76         97.28

NVIT CARDINAL MODERATELY CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     83,815.93         35.46

NATIONWIDE LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE CO

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     49,450.16         20.92

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     48,055.81         20.33

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     45,548.53         19.27

NVIT CARDINAL CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS I

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     132,637.35         52.20


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NATIONWIDE LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE CO

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     54,126.83         21.30

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

C/O Ipo Portfolio Accounting

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     40,684.69         16.01

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     25,398.95         10.00

NVIT CARDINAL AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     2,671,037.48         87.45

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     310,196.92         10.16

NVIT CARDINAL MODERATELY AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     38,169,422.42         97.39

NVIT CARDINAL CAPITAL APPRECIATION FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     141,707,846.60         99.42

NVIT CARDINAL MODERATE FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     138,323,010.96         98.09

NVIT CARDINAL BALANCED FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     93,019,374.41         98.70

NVIT CARDINAL MODERATELY CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS II

     
     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     40,418,658.34         97.61


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NVIT CARDINAL CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     36,596,690.53         96.39

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS CAPITAL APPRECIATION FUND

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     19,520.77         96.30

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS BALANCED

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     36,616.39         97.83

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     555,102.66         79.02

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     147,409.09         20.98

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS MODERATELY AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     880,162.52         93.13

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     64,976.43         6.87

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS MODERATE FUND

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     2,165,267.33         97.90

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS MODERATELY CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     1,447,530.28         98.66

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS VI

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     1,663,912.87         97.77


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NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     35,759,096.13         75.02

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     5,193,828.51         10.90

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     2,895,258.62         6.07

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS MODERATELY AGGRESSIVE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     139,310,391.21         78.90

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     12,794,213.67         7.25

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS MODERATE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     230,965,470.29         81.55

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     25,549,371.28         9.02

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS MODERATELY CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     67,673,766.83         83.29

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     7,732,498.56         9.52

NVIT INVESTOR DESTINATIONS CONSERVATIVE FUND

CLASS II

  

  

     Shares Owned      Percentage Held  

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     36,960,519.46         77.81

NATIONWIDE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Po Box 182029

Columbus, OH 43218

     5,167,990.19         10.88


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PART C

OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 28. EXHIBITS

 

(a)    Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, amended and restated as of June 17, 2009, (the “Amended Declaration”), of Registrant, Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust, a Delaware Statutory Trust (the “Trust” or “NVIT”), previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.a with the Trust’s registration statement on August 26, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
(b)    Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, amended and restated as of June 17, 2009 (the “Amended Bylaws”), of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.b with the Trust’s registration statement on August 26, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
(c)    Certificates for shares are not issued. Articles III, V and VI of the Amended Declaration and Article II and Article VII of the Amended Bylaws incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a) and (b), respectively, hereto, define the rights of holders of shares.
(d)    Investment Advisory Agreement
   (1)    Investment Advisory Agreement among the Trust and Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA”) dated May 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.d.1 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (a)    Form of Exhibit A, effective May 1, 2007, as amended [        ], to the Investment Advisory Agreement among the Trust and NFA, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.1.a with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (2)    Subadvisory Agreements
      (a)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Gartmore Global Partners for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund, Gartmore NVIT Worldwide Leaders Fund and Gartmore NVIT International Equity Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.d.2.a with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
         (i)    Exhibit A, effective May 1, 2007, amended May 1, 2009, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Gartmore Global Partners, pertaining to certain series of the Trust previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.d.2.a.i with the Trust’s registration statement on June 23, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (b)    Amended and Restated Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Federated Investment Management Company for the Federated NVIT High Income Bond Fund and NVIT Money Market Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, as amended April 2, 2009, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.d with the Trust’s registration statement on April 24, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
         (i)    Exhibit A, effective May 1, 2007, as amended December 2, 2009, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Federated Investment

 

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           Management Company, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.b.i with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (c)    Amended and Restated Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Morgan Stanley Investment Management, Inc. (an assignee of Morgan Stanley Investments LP, formerly Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LP) for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund and NVIT Real Estate Fund, which are series of the Trust, effective May 1, 2007, as amended April 30, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-d.2.c with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (d)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.g with the Trust’s registration statement on April 14, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
        (i)    Amendment dated February 7, 2008 to Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.d.i with the Trust’s registration statement on October 12, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (e)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.i with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (f)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Epoch Investment Partners, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.j with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (g)    Amended Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and BlackRock Investment Management, LLC for the NVIT S&P 500 Index Fund, NVIT Small Cap Index Fund, NVIT Mid Cap Index Fund, NVIT International Index Fund and NVIT Bond Index Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2007, as amended June 16, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.g with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (h)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Morley Capital Management, Inc. for the NVIT Enhanced Income Fund, a series of the Trust, dated September 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.l with the Trust’s registration statement on April 14, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (i)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and AllianceBernstein L.P. for the NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund and AllianceBernstein NVIT Global Fixed Income Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated November 14, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.o with the Trust’s registration statement on February 8, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

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        (i)    Exhibit A, effective November 14, 2007, amended March 24, 2009, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and AllianceBernstein L.P., pertaining to certain series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.l.i with the Trust’s registration statement on April 24, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (j)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Putnam Investment Management, LLC for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund, a series of the Trust, dated November 9, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.p with the Trust’s registration statement on February 8, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (k)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.p with the Trust’s registration statement on March 27, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (l)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Neuberger Berman Management LLC for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Growth Fund, Neuberger Berman NVIT Multi Cap Opportunities Fund and Neuberger Berman NVIT Socially Responsible Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated May 4, 2009, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.d.2.o with the Trust’s registration statement on June 23, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
        (i) Exhibit A, effective May 4, 2009, amended July 1, 2010, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Neuberger Berman Management LLC, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.l.i with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (m)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Neuberger Berman Fixed Income LLC for the NVIT Core Plus Bond Fund, a series of the Trust, dated May 4, 2009, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.d.2.p with the Trust’s registration statement on June 23, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (n)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Wells Capital Management, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund, a series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.s with the Trust’s registration statement on April 14, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
        (i) Exhibit A, effective March 24, 2008, amended January 24, 2011, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Wells Capital Management, Inc., previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.n.i with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (o)    Amended and Restated Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Invesco Advisers, Inc. (formerly, AIM Capital Management, Inc.) for the NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund and Van Kampen NVIT Comstock Value Fund, which are series of the Trust, effective March 24, 2008, as amended June 1, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.o with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

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     (p)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Nationwide Asset Management, LLC for the NVIT Government Bond Fund, a series of the Trust, dated January 1, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.v with the Trust’s registration statement on February 8, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (q)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and American Century Investment Management, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Growth Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund, NVIT Growth Fund, American Century NVIT Multi Cap Value Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated March 11, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.q with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
        (i)    Exhibit A, effective March 11, 2010, amended October 18, 2010, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and American Century Investment Management, Inc. pertaining to certain series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.q.i with the Trust’s registration statement on October 12, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (r)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and RiverSource Investments, LLC (now known as Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC) for the NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.w with the Trust’s registration statement on March 27, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (s)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Thompson, Siegel & Walmsley LLC for the NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.x with the Trust’s registration statement on March 27, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (t)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Aberdeen Asset Management Inc. for the NVIT Nationwide Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated October 1, 2007, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.bb with the Trust’s registration statement on December 20, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
        (i)    Exhibit A, effective October 1, 2007, amended October 18 , 2010, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Aberdeen Asset Management Inc., pertaining to certain series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.t.i with the Trust’s registration statement on December 29, 2010.
     (u)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Wellington Management Company, LLP for the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.aa with the Trust’s registration statement on March 27, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (v)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Nationwide Asset Management, LLC for the NVIT Core Bond Fund and NVIT Short Term Bond Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2008, previously filed with the Trust’s registration statement on March 24, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

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      (w)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and OppenheimerFunds, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund and Oppenheimer NVIT Large Cap Growth Fund, which are series of the Trust, dated October 1, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.ee with the Trust’s registration statement on September 25, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
         (i)    Exhibit A, effective October 1, 2008, amended March 24, 2009, to the Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and OppenheimerFunds, Inc., pertaining to certain series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.cc.i with the Trust’s registration statement on April 24, 2009 is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (x)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Logan Circle Partners, L.P. for the NVIT Multi Sector Bond Fund, a series of the Trust, dated June 16, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit 28.d.2.y with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (y)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Templeton Investment Counsel, LLC, for the Templeton NVIT International Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated March 24, 2009, previously filed as Exhibit 23.d.2.ee with the Trust’s registration statement on April 24, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (z)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Baring International Investment Limited, for the NVIT Developing Markets Fund (formerly, Gartmore NVIT Developing Markets Fund) and NVIT Emerging Markets Fund (formerly, Gartmore NVIT Emerging Markets Fund), which are series of the Trust, dated May 1, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.bb with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (aa)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. for the NVIT Nationwide Fund, a series of the Trust, dated October 18, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.bb with the Trust’s registration statement on October 12, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (bb)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and Winslow Capital Management, Inc. for the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund, a series of the Trust, dated June 25, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.cc with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (cc)    Subadvisory Agreement among the Trust, NFA and The Boston Company Asset Management LLC for the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund, a series of the Trust, dated June 25, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.d.2.dd with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.

(e)

   (1)    Underwriting Agreement dated May 1, 2007 between the Trust and Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC (“NFD”) previously filed as Exhibit 23.e with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (a)    Form of Schedule A to the Underwriting Agreement dated May 1, 2007, as amended [        ], between the Trust and NFD, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.e.1.a with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

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(f)

   Not applicable.

(g)

   (1)    Global Custody Agreement dated April 4, 2003 between the Trust and JPMorgan Chase Bank previously filed as Exhibit 23.g.2 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 28, 2003, assigned to the Trust and is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (a)    Amendment to the Custody Agreement dated April 4, 2003, amended December 2, 2009, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.g.1.a with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (b)    Amendment to Global Custody Agreement dated as of January 12, 2006 between the Trust and JPMorgan Chase Bank previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.g.1.b with the Trust’s registration statement on January 17, 2006, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (c)    Waiver to Global Custody Agreement dated as of May 2, 2005 previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.g.1.b with the Trust’s registration statement on April 28, 2005, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (d)    Rider to Global Custody Agreement Cash Trade Execution Product previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.g.1.d with the Trust’s registration statement on January 17, 2006, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (e)    Concentration Accounts Agreement dated December 2, 2009, between the Trust and JPMorgan Chase Bank, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.g.1.e with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (f)    Form of Fund List to Global Custody Agreement dated April 4, 2003, as amended [        ], between the Trust and JPMorgan Chase Bank, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.g.1.f with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)

   (1)    Joint Fund Administration and Transfer Agency Agreement, effective May 1, 2010, between the Trust, Nationwide Mutual Funds and Nationwide Fund Management LLC, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.1 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (2)    Form of Administrative Services Plan effective May 1, 2007, as amended [        ], previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.2 with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.
      (a)    Form of Servicing Agreement previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement on Form N-lA on October 15, 2002, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (3)    Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2007 between the Trust and NFA relating to the NVIT S&P 500 Index Fund, NVIT Small Cap Index Fund, NVIT Mid Cap Index Fund, NVIT International Index Fund, NVIT Bond Index Fund, NVIT Developing Markets Fund (formerly, Gartmore NVIT Developing Markets Fund), NVIT Emerging Markets Fund (formerly, Gartmore NVIT Emerging Markets Fund), NVIT Enhanced Income Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Mid

 

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        Cap Growth Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund, NVIT Core Plus Bond Fund, Neuberger Berman NVIT Socially Responsible Fund, NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund, NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund, NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund, NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund, NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund, NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund, NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund, AllianceBernstein NVIT Global Fixed Income Fund, Oppenheimer NVIT Large Cap Growth Fund, American Century NVIT Multi Cap Value Fund, Templeton NVIT International Value Fund, NVIT Investor Destinations Capital Appreciation Fund, NVIT Investor Destinations Balanced Fund, Gartmore NVIT Worldwide Leaders Fund, NVIT Multi Sector Bond Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund, which are series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.h.3 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 14, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
        (a)    Exhibit A to the Expense Limitation Agreement effective May 1, 2007, amended September 14, 2010, pertaining to certain series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.3.a with the Trust’s registration statement on December 29, 2010.
        (b)    Form of Exhibit A to the Expense Limitation Agreement effective [        ], previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.3.b with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (4)    Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Trust and each of its trustees and certain of its officers previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.h.5 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 28, 2005, is hereby incorporated by reference. Specific agreements are between the Trust and each of the following: Charles E. Allen, Paula H. J. Cholmondeley, C. Brent DeVore, Phyllis Kay Dryden, Barbara L. Hennigar, Barbara I. Jacobs, Douglas F. Kridler, Michael D. McCarthy, Arden L. Shisler, David C. Wetmore, Michael A. Krulikowski, and Gerald J. Holland.
     (5)    Assignment and Assumption Agreement between NVIT-Massachusetts (“NVIT-MA”) and the Trust, dated as of May 2, 2005, assigning NVIT-MA’s titles, right, benefit and privileges in and to certain contracts in the Agreement previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.h.7 with the Trust’s registration statement on January 17, 2006, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (6)    Fund Participation Agreement dated May 1, 2007 by and among the Trust, NFA, NFD, Nationwide Financial Services, Inc., American Funds Insurance Series and Capital Research and Management Company, previously filed as Exhibit 23.h.6 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 25, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (7)    Master-Feeder Services Agreement between the Trust and Nationwide Fund Management LLC dated May 1, 2007, for the American Funds NVIT Growth Fund, American Funds NVIT Global Growth Fund, American Funds NVIT Asset Allocation Fund, American Funds NVIT Bond Fund and American Funds NVIT Growth-Income Fund (collectively, the “Feeder Funds”) previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.h.7 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (8)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFM effective as of May 1, 2010, relating to the Feeder Funds, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.8 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
     (9)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFD effective as of May 1, 2010, relating to the NVIT Cardinal Aggressive Fund, NVIT Cardinal Moderately Aggressive Fund,

 

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      NVIT Cardinal Capital Appreciation Fund, NVIT Cardinal Moderate Fund, NVIT Cardinal Balanced Fund, NVIT Cardinal Moderately Conservative Fund and NVIT Cardinal Conservative Fund, which are series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.9 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (10)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFD effective as of May 1, 2010, relating to the Neuberger Berman NVIT Socially Responsible Fund, which is a series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.10 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (11)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFD effective March 24, 2009 relating to the AllianceBernstein NVIT Global Fixed Income Fund, which is a series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit 23.h.11 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 24, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (12)    Fee Waiver Agreement between Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust and Nationwide Fund Advisers for NVIT S&P 500 Index Fund, NVIT Small Cap Index Fund, NVIT Mid Cap Index Fund, NVIT International Index Fund and NVIT Bond Index Fund, effective as of June 16, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.12 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (13)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFD, relating to the American Century NVIT Multi Cap Value Fund, effective September 14, 2010, which is a series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.13 with the Trust’s registration statement on December 29, 2010.
   (14)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFA, relating to the NVIT Growth Fund, effective September 14, 2010, which is a series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.14 with the Trust’s registration statement on December 29, 2010.
   (15)    Fee Waiver Agreement between the Trust and NFA, relating to the NVIT Nationwide Fund effective September 14, 2010, which is a series of the Trust, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.h.15 with the Trust’s registration statement on December 29, 2010.

(i)

   Legal opinion of Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP, dated December 29, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.i with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.

(j)

   Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm is filed herewith as Exhibit EX-28.j.

(k)

   Not applicable.

(l)

   Not applicable.

(m)

   Form of Distribution Plan under Rule 12b-1 effective May 1, 2007, as amended [        ], previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.m with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.

(n)

   Form of Rule 18f-3 Plan effective May 1, 2007, as amended [        ], previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.n with the Trust’s registration statement on February 22, 2011, is hereby incorporated by reference.

(o)

   Not applicable.

 

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(p)

   (1)    Code of Ethics for the Trust dated December 3, 2008, previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.1 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (2)    Code of Ethics dated May 18, 2007 for NFA previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.2 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 24, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (3)    Code of Ethics dated May 18, 2007 for NFD previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.3 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 24, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (4)    Code of Ethics dated October 1, 2008 for Federated Investment Management Company previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.4 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 24, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (5)    Code of Ethics dated March 2004 for Gartmore Global Partners previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.5 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 28, 2005, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (6)    Code of Ethics dated February 1, 2005 for JPMorgan Investment Management, Inc. previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.6 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 28, 2005, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (7)    Advisory Employee Investment Transaction Policy dated January 15, 2009 for BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.7 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (8)    Code of Ethics dated September 2006 for Neuberger Berman Management LLC previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.8 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 24, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (9)    Code of Ethics dated August 2007 for Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.9 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 29, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (10)    Code of Ethics dated December 15, 2006 for Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., indirect parent of Van Kampen Asset Management, Inc., previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.10 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 29, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (11)    Code of Ethics dated January 1, 2009 for American Century Investment Management, Inc. and American Century Global Investment Management, Inc. previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.p.11 with the Trust’s registration statement on June 23, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (12)    Code of Ethics dated July 1, 2007 for Epoch Investment Partners, Inc. previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.p.13 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 29, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (13)    Code of Ethics dated December 2006 for the American Funds and The Capital Group Companies, Inc. previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.p.16 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

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(14)

   Code of Ethics dated December 2008 for AllianceBernstein L.P., previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.14 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(15)

   Code of Ethics dated May 2008 for Putnam Investment Management, LLC, previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.15 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(16)

   Code of Ethics dated January 23, 2007, for Goldman Sachs Asset Management, previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.p.17 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 24, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(17)

   Code of Ethics dated March 2008 for Wells Capital Management Inc., previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.18 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(18)

   Code of Ethics dated January 1, 2010, for Invesco Advisers, Inc. (formerly, Invesco Aim Capital Management), previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.18 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(19)

   Code of Ethics dated August 1, 2007 for Nationwide Asset Management, LLC previously filed as Exhibit EX-23.p.21 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 24, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(20)

   Code of Ethics dated November 15, 2009, for RiverSource Investments LLC (now known as Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC ), previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.20 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(21)

   Code of Ethics dated September 2008 for Thompson, Siegel & Walmsley LLC, previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.22 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(22)

   Code of Ethics dated July 21, 2009 for Aberdeen Asset Management Inc., previously filed as Exhibit 28.p.23 with the Trust’s registration statement on January 29, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(23)

   Code of Ethics dated February 25, 2008 for Morley Capital Management Inc., previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.24 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(24)

   Code of Ethics dated April 1, 2010 for Wellington Management Company, LLP, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.24 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(25)

   Code of Ethics dated November 30, 2007 for OppenheimerFunds, Inc. previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.29 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 25, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  

(26)

   Code of Ethics dated May 2008 for Templeton Investment Counsel, LLC, previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.29 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

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   (27)    Code of Ethics dated October 2007 for Logan Circle Partners, L.P., previously filed as Exhibit 23.p.30 with the Trust’s registration statement on March 20, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (28)    Code of Ethics dated April 2009 for Baring International Investment Limited, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.29 with the Trust’s registration statement on April 23, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (29)    Code of Ethics for Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. dated June 30, 2010, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.30 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (30)    Code of Ethics for Winslow Capital Management, Inc. dated February 1, 2005, previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.31 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (31)    Code of Ethics for The Boston Company Asset Management LLC dated November 2007 , previously filed as Exhibit EX-28.p.32 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 14, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.

(q)

   (1)    Powers of Attorney with respect to the Trust for Charles E. Allen, Paula H.J. Cholmondeley, C. Brent Devore, Phyllis Kay Dryden, Barbara L. Hennigar, Barbara I. Jacobs, Douglas F. Kridler and David C. Wetmore, previously filed as Exhibit 28.q.2 with the Trust’s registration statement on January 29, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference.
   (2)    Power of Attorney with respect to the Trust for Michael S. Spangler and Joseph Finelli, previously filed as Exhibit 23.q.2 with the Trust’s registration statement on September 25, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

ITEM 29. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT

No person is presently controlled by or under common control with Registrant.

 

ITEM 30. INDEMNIFICATION

Indemnification provisions for officers, directors and employees of Registrant are set forth in Article VII, Section 2 of the Amended Declaration. See Item 23(a) above.

The Trust has entered into indemnification agreements with each of the trustees and certain of its officers. The indemnification agreements provide that the Trust will indemnify the indemnitee for and against any and all judgments, penalties, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, and all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by indemnitee in connection with a proceeding that the indemnitee is a party to or is threatened to be made a party to (other than certain exceptions specified in the agreements), to the maximum extent not expressly prohibited by Delaware law or applicable federal securities law and regulations (including without limitation Section 17(h) of the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations issued with respect thereto by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission). The Trust also will indemnify indemnitee for and against all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by indemnitee in connection with any proceeding to which indemnitee is or is threatened to be made a witness but not a party. See Item 23(h)(4) above.

Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or

 

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controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

ITEM 31. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISOR

 

  (a) Nationwide Fund Advisors (“NFA”), the investment adviser to the Trust, also serves as investment adviser to Nationwide Mutual Funds. Except as stated below, the Directors and Officers of NFA have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of NFA or its affiliates:

Lee T. Cummings, Senior Vice President of Nationwide Fund Advisors, was Vice President of PrinterLink Communications Group, Inc. from January 2006 to October 2007.

Michael S. Spangler, Director and President of Nationwide Fund Advisors, was Managing Director, Head of Americas Retail and Intermediary Product Management for Morgan Stanley Investment Management from May 2004 to May 2008.

Each of the following persons serves in the same or similar capacity with one or more affiliates of NFA. The address for the persons listed below is 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.

 

Name and Address

  

Principal Occupation

  

Position with NFA

  

Position with Funds

Michael S. Spangler

   President and Director of Nationwide Funds Group, which includes NFA, Nationwide Fund Management LLC and Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC    President and Director    President and Chief Executive Officer

Stephen T. Grugeon

   Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Nationwide Funds Group    Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer    Executive Vice President

Eric E. Miller

   Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary of Nationwide Funds Group; Secretary of the Trust    Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary    Secretary

Lee T. Cummings

   Senior Vice President of Nationwide Funds Group    Senior Vice President    Assistant Secretary

Dorothy Sanders

   Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of NFA    Chief Compliance Officer    Chief Compliance Officer

Robert W. Horner

   Associate Vice President and Assistant Secretary of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company    Associate Vice President and Assistant Secretary    N/A

Timothy G. Frommeyer

  

Senior Vice President and Director Chief Financial Officer of

Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.

   Director    N/A

 

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Name and Address

  

Principal Occupation

  

Position with NFA

  

Position with Funds

Kirt A. Walker

   President and Chief Operating Officer of Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.    N/A    N/A

Craig D. Stokarski

   Associate Vice President of Nationwide Funds Group    Treasurer    N/A

 

  (b) Information for the Subadvisers

 

  (1) Aberdeen Asset Management Inc. (“Aberdeen”) acts as subadviser to a sleeve of the NVIT Nationwide Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund. The directors and officers of Aberdeen have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years except as indicated below:

 

Name and Position with Aberdeen

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

Brian Ferko

Chief Compliance Officer and Vice President

   BHR Fund Advisors    Chief Compliance Officer

Gary Marshall

CEO and Director

  

Aberdeen Unit Trust

Managers Ltd*

   Head of Collective Funds

Nigel Storer

Head of Financial Institutions Group – North America and Vice President

   Aberdeen Unit Trust Managers Ltd*    Senior Business Development Manager

 

* Aberdeen Unit Trust Managers Ltd. is an affiliate of Aberdeen Asset Management, Inc.

 

  (2) AllianceBernstein L.P. (“AllianceBernstein”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund and AllianceBernstein NVIT Global Fixed Income Fund. The directors and officers of AllianceBernstein have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (3) American Century Investment Management, Inc. (“American Century”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Growth Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund, NVIT Growth Fund and American Century NVIT Multi Cap Value Fund. The directors and officers of American Century have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (4) Baring International Investment Limited (“Baring”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Developing Markets Fund (formerly, Gartmore NVIT Developing Markets Fund) and NVIT Emerging Markets Fund (formerly, Gartmore NVIT Emerging Markets Fund). Except as noted below, the directors and officers of Baring have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

Name and Position with Baring

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

David John Brennan, Chief Executive Chairman and Director    The Asia Pacific Fund Inc.    Director

 

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  (5) BlackRock Investment Management, LLC (“BlackRock”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT S&P 500 Index Fund, NVIT Small Cap Index Fund, NVIT Mid Cap Index Fund, NVIT International Index Fund and NVIT Bond Index Fund. The Directors and Officers of BlackRock have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (6) RiverSource Investments LLC (now known as Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC) (“RiverSource”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund. To the knowledge of the Registrant, the directors and officers of RiverSource have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (7) Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (“Diamond Hill”) acts as subadviser to a sleeve of the NVIT Nationwide Fund. The Directors and Officers of Diamond Hill have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (8) Epoch Investment Partners, Inc. (“Epoch”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund. Except as noted below, the Directors and Officers of Epoch have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities:

 

Name and Position with Epoch

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

Allan R. Tessler

   Limited Brands Inc.    Director

 

Chairman, Epoch Holding Corporation

  

 

Interactive Data Corporation

  

 

Director

Peter A. Flaherty Director, Epoch Holding Corporation

   McKinsey & Company Foreign Policy Association, Rockefeller University, The Kenyon Review, TechnoServe    Director Emeritus Director

Jeffrey L. Berenson Director, Epoch Holding Corporation

   Berenson & Company Noble Energy, Inc.    President & CEO

Enrique Arzac, Ph.D. Director, Epoch Holding Corporation

   Columbia University Graduate School of Business    Professor of Finance and Economics
  

The Adams Express Company, Petroleum & Resources Corporation, and Credit Suisse Asset Management Funds

Starcomms PLC

   Director

 

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John Cecil

Director, Epoch Holding Corporation

  

Graham-Windham Agency

 

The Graham School

 

Bendheim Center of Finance

 

Wildlife Conservation Society’s Global Conservation Council

  

Senior Vice Chairman

 

Director

 

Advisory Council Member

 

Member

 

  (9) Federated Investment Management Company (“Federated”) acts as subadviser to the Federated NVIT High Income Bond Fund and NVIT Money Market Fund, and is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. It is a subsidiary of Federated Investors. The subadviser serves as investment adviser to a number of investment companies and private accounts. Except as noted below, the Directors and Officers of Federated have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years:

 

Name and Position with Federated

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

Mark D. Olson

 

Trustee

  

Mark D. Olson & Company, L.L.C.

 

Wilson, Halbrook & Bayard, P.A.

  

Principal

 

Partner

 

  (10) Gartmore Global Partners (“GGP”) acts as subadviser to the Gartmore NVIT International Equity Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund and Gartmore NVIT Worldwide Leaders Fund and as investment adviser to certain other clients. Except as stated below, the Directors and Officers of GGP have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of GGP or its affiliates:

 

Name and Position with GGP

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

Bill McGowan

Member of the Management Committee

   Bear Stearns International    Head of Legal, Europe

Dominic Rossi

Member of the Management Committee

   Threadneedle Asset Management Limited    Head of Equities

 

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  (11) Goldman Sachs Asset Management, LP (“GSAM”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund. GSAM is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Except as stated below the directors and officers of GSAM have not been engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of GSAM or its affiliates:

 

Name and Position with GSAM

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

John S. Weinberger

Managing Director – GSAM

  

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

200 West Street

New York, New York

10282-2198

   Vice Chairman
  

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

200 West Street

New York, New York

10282-2198

   Managing Director

Lloyd C. Blankfein

Managing Director – GSAM

  

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

200 West Street

New York, New York

10282-2198

   Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director
  

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

200 West Street

New York, New York

10282-2198

   Managing Director

 

  (12) Invesco Advisers, Inc., (formerly, AIM Capital Management, Inc.) (“Invesco”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager International Growth Fund and Van Kampen NVIT Comstock Value Fund. The directors and officers of Invesco have not been engaged in any other business or profession, other than for a parent company or an affiliate of Invesco, of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

 

  (13) J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. (“JPMIM”), a registered investment adviser, and a wholly owned subsidiary of J. P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated, acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Value Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager International Value Fund. The directors and executive officers of JPMIM have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of JPMIM or its affiliates:

 

  (14) Logan Circle Partners, L.P. (“Logan Circle”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi Sector Bond Fund. The directors and officers of Logan Circle have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (15) Morgan Stanley Investment Management, Inc. (“MSIM”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund and NVIT Real Estate Fund (formerly, Van Kampen NVIT Real Estate Fund). The Directors and Officers of MSIM have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (16) Morley Capital Management, Inc. (“MCM”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Enhanced Income Fund. The Directors and Officers of MCM have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

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  (17) Nationwide Asset Management, LLC (“NWAM”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Core Bond Fund, NVIT Short Term Bond Fund and NVIT Government Bond Fund. The directors and officers of NWAM have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (18) Neuberger Berman Fixed Income LLC acts as subadviser to the NVIT Core Plus Bond Fund. To the knowledge of the Registrant, the directors and officers of Neuberger Berman Fixed Income LLC have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than with respect to the business of the parent company and/or affiliates of Neuberger Berman Fixed Income LLC.

 

  (19) Neuberger Berman Management LLC (“Neuberger Berman”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund, NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Growth Fund, Neuberger Berman NVIT Multi Cap Opportunities Fund, Neuberger Berman NVIT Socially Responsible Fund and investment adviser or subadviser to a number of other registered investment companies. The Directors and Officers of Neuberger Berman have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (20) OppenheimerFunds, Inc. (“Oppenheimer”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund and Oppenheimer NVIT Large Cap Growth Fund. The Directors and Officers of Oppenheimer have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (21) Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund. Except as stated below the directors and officers of Putnam have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities:

 

Name and Position with Putnam

  

Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

Steven W. Curbow

Senior Vice President

   Independence Investments   

Senior Vice President

Director of Research

Leonard M. Glynn

Managing Director

   Fidelity Investments   

Senior Vice President

Executive Committee

Robert L. Reynolds

President

   N/A    Retired

 

  (22) Templeton Investment Counsel, LLC (“Templeton”) acts as subadviser to the Templeton NVIT International Value Fund. To the knowledge of the Registrant, the directors and officers of Templeton have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

 

  (23) The Boston Company Asset Management LLC (“the Boston Company”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund. The directors and officers of the Boston Company have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

 

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  (24) Thompson, Siegel & Walmsley LLC (“TS&W”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Mid Cap Value Fund. To the knowledge of the Registrant, the directors and officers of TS&W have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

 

  (25) Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company (“WRIMCO”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Small Cap Growth Fund and NVIT Multi-Manager Small Company Fund. WRIMCO is not engaged in any business other than the provision of investment management services. The Directors and Officers of WRIMCO have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years other than in their capacities as a director or officer of affiliated entities.

 

  (26) Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Value Fund. Wellington Management is an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. During the last two fiscal years, no partner of Wellington Management has engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature other than that of the business of investment management.

 

  (27) Wells Capital Management, Inc. (“Wells Capital”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Cap Growth Fund and NVIT Multi-Manger Mid Cap Growth Fund. To the knowledge of the Registrant, the directors and officers of Wells Capital have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

 

  (28) Winslow Capital Management Inc. (“Winslow”) acts as subadviser to the NVIT Multi-Manager Large Growth Fund. The directors and officers of Winslow have not been engaged in any other business or profession of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

ITEM 32. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS

 

(a) Nationwide Fund Distributors LLC (“NFD”), the principal underwriter of the Trust, also acts as principal underwriter for Nationwide Mutual Funds.

 

(b) Herewith is the information required by the following table with respect to each director, officer or partner of NFD. The address for the persons listed below, except where otherwise noted, is 1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.

 

Name:

  

Position with NFD:

  

Position with Registrant:

Michael S. Spangler

   Chairman and Director    President and Chief Executive Officer

Stephen T. Grugeon

   Director    Executive Vice President

Doff Meyer

   Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer    Chief Marketing and Vice President

 

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Name:

  

Position with NFD:

  

Position with Registrant:

Holly Butson

   Chief Compliance Officer    N/A

Eric E. Miller

   Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Assistant Secretary    Secretary

Lee T. Cummings

   Senior Vice President    Assistant Secretary

Lorraine A. McCamley

   Senior Vice President    N/A

J. Morgan Elliott and Daniel J. Murphy, Jr*

   Associate Vice President and Assistant Secretary    N/A

Craig Stokarski

   Financial Operations Principal, Treasurer    N/A

Robert W. Horner, III*

   Vice President and Secretary    N/A

 

* The address for J. Morgan Elliott, Daniel J. Murphy, Jr. and Robert W. Horner, III is One Nationwide Plaza, Columbus, Ohio 43215.

 

(c) Not applicable.

 

ITEM 33. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS

J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co.

1 Beacon Street

Boston, MA 02108-3002

Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust

1000 Continental Drive, Suite 400

King of Prussia, PA 19406

 

ITEM 34. MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 35. UNDERTAKINGS

Not applicable.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, Nationwide Variable Insurance Trust (a Delaware Statutory Trust) certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this registration statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment Nos. 144, 145 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the Township of Upper Merion, and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, on this 14th day of March, 2011.

 

NATIONWIDE VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST
BY:   /s/Allan J. Oster
  Allan J. Oster, Attorney-In-Fact for Registrant

PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, THIS POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NOS. 144, 145 TO THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT OF NATIONWIDE VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST HAS BEEN SIGNED BELOW BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS IN THE CAPACITIES INDICATED ON THE 14TH DAY OF MARCH, 2011.

 

Signature & Title
Principal Executive Officer

/s/ Michael S. Spangler*

Michael S. Spangler, President and
Chief Executive Officer
Principal Accounting and Financial Officer

/s/ Joseph Finelli*

Joseph Finelli, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

/s/ Charles E. Allen*

Charles E. Allen, Trustee

/s/ Paula H.J. Cholmondeley*

Paula H.J. Cholmondeley, Trustee

/s/ C. Brent Devore*

C. Brent Devore, Trustee

/s/ Phyllis Kay Dryden*

Phyllis Kay Dryden, Trustee

/s/ Barbara L. Hennigar*

Barbara L. Hennigar, Trustee

/s/ Barbara I. Jacobs*

Barbara I. Jacobs, Trustee

/s/ Douglas F. Kridler*

Douglas F. Kridler, Trustee

/s/ David C. Wetmore*

David C. Wetmore, Trustee and Chairman

 

*BY:

 

/s/ Allan J. Oster

  Allan J. Oster, Attorney-In Fact

 

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EXHIBIT LIST

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     EX-28.j   

 

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