Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Jan. 30, 2015

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:

Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

Leidos Holdings, Inc. (“Leidos”) is a holding company whose direct 100%-owned subsidiary is Leidos, Inc., an applied technology company focused on delivering solutions and services that leverage expertise in the national security, health and engineering markets. Leidos, Inc. provides these solutions and services to government and commercial customers, both domestically and internationally. These customers include agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense ("DoD"), the intelligence community, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security ("DHS"), and other U.S. Government civil agencies, state and local government agencies and foreign governments. Unless indicated otherwise, references to the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" refer collectively to Leidos Holdings, Inc., Leidos, Inc., and its consolidated subsidiaries.

On September 27, 2013 (the "Distribution Date"), Leidos completed the spin-off of its technical services and enterprise information technology services business into an independent, publicly traded company named Science Applications International Corporation (“New SAIC”). The separation was effected through a tax-free distribution to Leidos' stockholders of 100% of the shares of New SAIC's common stock. On the Distribution Date, New SAIC's common stock was distributed, on a pro rata basis, to Leidos' stockholders of record as of the close of business on September 19, 2013, the record date. Each holder of Leidos common stock received one share of New SAIC common stock for every seven shares of Leidos common stock held on the record date. Prior to the Distribution Date, Leidos Holdings, Inc. was named SAIC, Inc. and Leidos, Inc. was named Science Applications International Corporation.

As a result of the spin-off, the assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of New SAIC have been classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. References to financial data are to the Company’s continuing operations, unless otherwise noted. See Note 2-Dispositions for further information.

Immediately following the spin-off, Leidos effectuated a one-for-four reverse stock split of its shares of common stock, so that every four shares of Leidos common stock issued and outstanding were combined and converted into one share of Leidos common stock. Each reference to the number of shares outstanding or per share amounts has been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split for all periods presented.

The consolidated financial statements of Leidos include the accounts of its majority-owned and 100%-owned subsidiaries, including Leidos, Inc. The consolidated financial statements of Leidos, Inc. include the accounts of its majority-owned and 100%-owned subsidiaries. Leidos does not have separate operations, assets or liabilities independent of Leidos, Inc., except for a note with Leidos, Inc. (the “related party note”), on which interest is recognized. From time to time, Leidos issues stock to employees of Leidos, Inc. and its subsidiaries, which is reflected in Leidos' Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and results in an increase to the related party note (see Note 10). All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.

These Combined Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements apply to both Leidos and Leidos, Inc. As Leidos consolidates Leidos, Inc. for financial statement purposes, disclosures that relate to activities of Leidos, Inc. also apply to Leidos.

Reporting Periods

Unless otherwise noted, references to fiscal years are to fiscal years ended the Friday closest to January 31, for fiscal 2014 or later periods or fiscal year ended January 31, for fiscal 2013. Effective in fiscal 2014, the Company changed its fiscal year to a 52/53 week fiscal year ending on the Friday closest to January 31, with fiscal quarters typically consisting of 13 weeks. Fiscal 2015 began on February 1, 2014 and ended on January 30, 2015. The Company does not believe that the change in its fiscal year has a material effect on the comparability of the periods presented.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingencies at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management evaluates these estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis, including those relating to allowances for doubtful accounts, inventories, fair value and impairment of intangible assets and goodwill, income taxes, estimated profitability of long-term contracts, pension benefits, stock-based compensation expense, contingencies and litigation. Estimates and assumptions have been prepared by management on the basis of the most current and best available information at the time of estimation and actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Separation Transaction and Restructuring Expenses

In anticipation of the spin-off of New SAIC from the Company, the Company initiated an overall spin-off program to align the Company’s cost structure for post-spin-off. In fiscal 2014 the Company reduced headcount, which resulted in severance costs, and reduced its real estate footprint by vacating facilities that are not necessary for its future requirements, which resulted in lease termination and facility consolidation expenses.

Separation transaction and restructuring expenses related to New SAIC, exclusive of any tax impacts, of $55 million for the year ended January 31, 2014, and $28 million for the year ended January 31, 2013, respectively, were reclassified as discontinued operations.

The separation transaction and restructuring expenses for continuing operations for each of the three years ended January 30, 2015 were as follows:



	Year Ended
	January 30, 2015			January 31, 2014			January 31, 2013
	(in millions)
Strategic advisory services	$	—		$	7		$	1
Legal and accounting services	—			2			—
Lease termination and facility consolidation expenses	3			46			2
Severance costs	—			10			8
Separation transaction and restructuring expenses in operating (loss) income	3			65			11
Less: income tax benefit	(1		)	(25		)	(4		)
Separation transaction and restructuring expenses, net of tax	$	2		$	40		$	7

For the years ended January 30, 2015, January 31, 2014, and January 31, 2013, all separation transaction and restructuring expenses for continuing operations were in the Corporate and Other segment. The Company does not expect to incur significant additional other separation transaction and restructuring expenses in future fiscal years related to the spin-off transaction.

The following table represents the restructuring liability balance as of January 30, 2015 and summarizes the changes during the period attributable to costs incurred and charged to expense, costs paid or otherwise settled, and any adjustments to the liability:



	Severance Costs			Lease Termination and Facility Consolidation Expenses			Total
	(in millions)
Balance as of January 31, 2013	$	8		$	2		$	10
Charges	10			41			51
Cash payments	(17		)	(23		)	(40		)
Balance as of January 31, 2014	$	1		$	20		$	21
Charges	—			3			3
Cash payments	(1		)	(12		)	(13		)
Balance as of January 30, 2015	$	—		$	11		$	11

Operating Cycle

The Company’s operating cycle for long-term contracts may be greater than one year and is measured by the average time intervening between the inception and the completion of those contracts. Contract-related assets and liabilities are classified as current assets and current liabilities.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company occasionally forms joint ventures and/or enters into arrangements with special purpose limited liability companies for the purpose of bidding and executing on specific projects. The Company analyzes each such arrangement to determine whether it represents a variable interest entity (VIE). If the arrangement is determined to be a VIE, the Company assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE and is consequently required to consolidate the VIE.

In fiscal 2012, the Company entered into a fixed price agreement to provide engineering, procurement, and construction services to a special purpose limited liability company (Plainfield Renewable Energy LLC or "Plainfield") for a specific renewable energy project. The Company analyzed this arrangement and determined that Plainfield was a VIE. Prior to the third quarter of fiscal 2014, the VIE was not consolidated by the Company because the Company was not the primary beneficiary.

On October 11, 2013, the Company and Plainfield Renewable Energy Owner, LLC (“project owner”) entered into a consensual foreclosure agreement pursuant to which, the project owners agreed to transfer 100% of the equity interest of Plainfield Renewable Energy Holdings, LLC (“PRE Holdings”) to an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Leidos in full satisfaction of certain secured obligations owed by the project owner to the Company. Plainfield is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PRE Holdings. As a result of the entry into the foreclosure agreement, the Company determined that it has the power to direct the activities of the VIE and has the right to receive benefits from or the obligation to absorb the losses of the VIE. Accordingly, the Company was deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIE, resulting in the consolidation of Plainfield as of October 11, 2013. See Note 3 - Acquisitions, for further information.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenues are generated primarily from contracts with the U.S. Government, commercial customers, and various international, state and local governments or from subcontracts with other contractors engaged in work with such customers. The Company performs under various types of contracts, which include firm-fixed-price, time-and-materials, fixed-price-level-of-effort, cost-plus-fixed-fee, cost-plus-award-fee and cost-plus-incentive-fee contracts.

Firm-fixed-price contracts—Revenues and fees on these contracts that are system integration or engineering in nature are primarily recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting utilizing the cost-to-cost method. The completed contract method is utilized when reasonable and reliable cost estimates for a project can not be made.

Time-and-materials contracts—Revenue is recognized on time-and-materials contracts based on the hours provided in performance under the contract multiplied by the negotiated contract billing rates, plus the negotiated contract billing rate of any allowable material and subcontract costs and out-of-pocket expenses.

Fixed-price-level-of-effort contracts (FP-LOE)—These contracts are substantially similar to time-and-materials contracts except they require a specified level of effort over a stated period of time. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue on FP-LOE contracts with the U.S. Government in a manner similar to time-and-materials contracts in which the Company measures progress toward completion based on the hours provided in performance under the contract multiplied by the negotiated contract billing rates, plus the negotiated contract billing rate of any allowable material costs and out-of-pocket expenses.

Cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts—Revenue is recognized on cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts with the U.S. Government on the basis of partial performance equal to costs incurred, plus an estimate of applicable fees earned as the Company becomes contractually entitled to reimbursement of costs and the applicable fees.

Cost-plus-award-fee/cost-plus-incentive fee contracts—Revenues and fees on these contracts with the U.S. Government are primarily recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, most often based on the cost-to-cost method. The Company includes an estimate of the ultimate incentive or award fee to be received on the contract in the estimate of contract revenues for purposes of applying the percentage-of-completion method of accounting.

Revenues from services and maintenance contracts, notwithstanding contract type, are recognized over the term of the respective contracts as the services are performed and revenue is earned. Revenues from unit-priced contracts are recognized as transactions are processed based on objective measures of output. Revenues from the sale of manufactured products are recorded upon passage of title and risk of loss to the customer, which is generally upon delivery, provided that all other requirements for revenue recognition have been met.

The Company also uses the efforts-expended method of percentage-of-completion using measures such as labor dollars for measuring progress toward completion in situations in which this approach is more representative of the progress on the contract. For example, the efforts-expended method is utilized when there are significant amounts of materials or hardware procured for the contract that is not representative of progress on the contract. Additionally, the Company utilizes the units-of-delivery method under percentage-of-completion on contracts where separate units of output are produced. Under the units-of-delivery method, revenue is generally recognized when the units are delivered to the customer, provided that all other requirements for revenue recognition have been met.

The Company evaluates its contracts for multiple elements, and when appropriate, separates the contracts into separate units of accounting for revenue recognition.

The Company provides for anticipated losses on contracts by recording an expense during the period in which the losses are determined. Amounts billed and collected but not yet recognized as revenues under certain types of contracts are deferred. Contract costs incurred for U.S. Government contracts, including indirect costs, are subject to audit and adjustment through negotiations between the Company and government representatives. The Company has agreed upon and settled indirect contract costs through fiscal 2008. Revenues on U.S. Government contracts have been recorded in amounts that are expected to be realized upon final settlement.

Contract claims are unanticipated additional costs incurred but not provided for in the executed contract price that the Company seeks to recover from the customer. Such costs are expensed as incurred. Additional revenue related to contract claims is recognized when the amounts are awarded by the customer. Un-priced change orders are included in revenue when they are probable of recovery in an amount at least equal to the cost.

In certain situations, primarily where the Company is not the primary obligor on certain elements of a contract such as the provision of administrative oversight and/or management of government-owned facilities or logistical support services related to other vendors’ products, the Company recognizes as revenue the net management fee associated with the services and excludes from its income statement the gross sales and costs associated with the facility or other vendors’ products.

Changes in Estimates on Contracts

Changes in estimates related to certain types of contracts accounted for using the percentage of completion method of accounting are recognized in the period in which such changes are made for the inception-to-date effect of the changes. Changes in these estimates can routinely occur over the contract performance period for a variety of reasons, including changes in contract scope, changes in contract cost estimates due to unanticipated cost growth or retirements of risk for amounts different than estimated, and changes in estimated incentive or award fees. Aggregate changes in contract estimates decreased operating loss by $24 million ($0.20 per diluted share) for fiscal 2015 and decreased operating income by $21 million ($0.15 per diluted share) for fiscal 2014. Aggregate changes in contract estimates increased operating income by $19 million ($0.14 per diluted share) for fiscal 2013.

Discontinued Operations

From time-to-time, the Company may dispose (or management may commit to plans to dispose) of non-strategic components of the business, which are reclassified as discontinued operations for all periods presented.

Pre-contract Costs

Costs incurred on projects as pre-contract costs are deferred as assets (inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets) when the Company has been requested by the customer to begin work under a new arrangement prior to contract execution and it is probable that the Company will recover the costs through the issuance of a contract. When the formal contract has been executed, the costs are recorded to the contract and revenue is recognized.

Fair Value Measurements

The accounting standard for fair value measurements establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets (Level 1); inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2); and unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires the Company to develop its own assumptions (Level 3).

The fair value of financial instruments is determined based on quoted market prices, if available, or management’s best estimate. It is management’s belief that the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments other than derivatives (see Financial Instruments below), which include cash equivalents and long-term investments, are reasonable estimates of their related fair values. The carrying value of accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair values. The fair value of long-term debt (see Note 9) is determined based on current interest rates available for debt with terms and maturities similar to the Company’s existing debt arrangements (Level 2 inputs).

Management evaluates its investments for other-than-temporary impairment at each balance sheet date. When testing long-term investments for recovery of carrying value, the fair value of long-term investments is determined using various valuation techniques and factors, such as market prices of comparable companies (Level 2 input), discounted cash flow models (Level 3 input) and recent capital transactions of the portfolio companies being valued (Level 3 input). If management determines that an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of an investment has occurred, an impairment loss is recognized to reduce the investment to its estimated fair value (Level 2 input). At January 30, 2015, the Company did not have any financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 2 or Level 3 inputs.

The Company’s non financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis included goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets and long-lived tangible assets. The valuation methods used to determine fair value require a significant degree of management judgment to determine the key assumptions, as such the Company generally classifies non financial instruments as either Level 2 or Level 3 fair value measurements. At January 30, 2015, goodwill, certain indefinite-lived intangible assets, and tangible assets are measured at fair value. See Note 4 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets and Note 3 - Acquisitions, respectively, for further information.

Financial Instruments

The Company is exposed to certain market risks which are inherent in certain transactions entered into during the normal course of business. These transactions include sales or purchase contracts denominated in foreign currencies, investments in equity securities and exposure to changing interest rates. The Company uses a risk management policy to assess and manage cash flow and fair value exposure. The policy permits the use of derivative instruments with certain restrictions.

The Company uses interest rate swaps to hedge its fixed rate debt against changes in fair value due to variability in interest rates. The Company is party to interest rate swap agreements that have been designated as fair value hedges and are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the interest rate swaps are determined based on observed values for underlying interest rates on the LIBOR yield curve (Level 2).

The Company does not hold derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company’s cash equivalents were primarily comprised of investments in several large institutional money market funds and bank deposits. There are no restrictions on the withdrawal of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents. The Company's cash equivalents are recorded at historical cost, which equals fair value based on quoted market prices (Level 1 input as defined by the accounting standard for fair value measurements).

Restricted Cash

The Company has restricted cash balances, primarily representing advances from a customer, that are restricted as to use for certain expenditures related to that customer’s contract. Restricted cash balances are included as "Other assets" in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash equivalents and accounts receivable. At January 30, 2015, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents bear both fixed and variable interest rates. Although credit risk is limited, the Company’s receivables are concentrated with its principal customers, which are the various agencies of the U.S. Government and customers engaged in work for the U.S. Government, and to a lesser degree, commercial companies.

Investments

Investments in entities and corporate joint ventures where the Company has a noncontrolling ownership interest representing less than 50% and over which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting whereby the Company recognizes its proportionate share of the entities’ net income or loss and does not consolidate the entities’ assets and liabilities. Equity investments in entities over which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence and whose securities do not have a readily determinable fair value are carried at cost or cost net of other-than-temporary impairments.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. Raw material inventory is valued using the average cost method. Work-in-process inventory includes raw material costs plus labor costs, including fringe benefits, and allocable overhead costs. The majority of finished goods inventory consists of border, port and mobile security products and baggage scanning equipment. The Company evaluates inventory against historical and planned usage to determine appropriate provisions for obsolete inventory. For the years ended January 30, 2015 and January 31, 2014, the Company's inventory balance consisted primarily of inventoried costs relating to long-term contracts.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Purchases of property, plant and equipment as well as costs associated with major renewals and betterments are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals and betterments are expensed as incurred.

Construction in Progress (CIP) is used to accumulate all costs for projects that are not yet complete. CIP balances are transferred to the appropriate asset account when the asset is capitalized and ready for its intended use.

When assets are sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized. Depreciation is recognized using the methods and estimated useful lives as follows:



	Depreciation method	Estimated useful lives (in years)
Computers and other equipment	Straight-line or declining-balance	2-10
Buildings	Straight-line	30-40
Building improvements and leasehold improvements	Straight-line	Shorter of lease term or 25
Office furniture	Straight-line or declining-balance	6-9
Electric generation facility	Straight-line	25

The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable and the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents purchase consideration paid in a business combination that exceeds the values assigned to the net assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually, at the beginning of the fourth quarter and during interim periods whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment either under a qualitative assessment option or a two-step quantitative approach depending on facts and circumstances of a reporting unit, including the excess of fair value over carrying amount in previous assessments and changes in business environment.

When performing a qualitative assessment, the Company considers factors including, but not limited to, current macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, financial performance and other events relevant to the entity or reporting unit under evaluation to determine whether it is more likely or not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test is performed.

In evaluating the first step of the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test, the estimated fair value of each reporting unit is compared to its carrying value, which includes the allocated goodwill. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is more than its carrying value, including allocated goodwill, no further analysis is required. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, including allocated goodwill, a second step is performed to compute the amount of the impairment by determining an implied fair value of goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is the residual fair value derived by deducting the fair value of a reporting unit’s identifiable assets and liabilities from its estimated fair value calculated in the first step. If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then the Company records an impairment charge equal to the difference.

The Company estimates the fair value of each reporting unit using both market and income approaches (Level 3) when a quantitative analysis is required.

The market approach consists of the guideline public company method which is a valuation technique where the fair value is calculated based on market prices obtained from a detailed market analysis of publicly traded companies that provide a reasonable basis of comparison for each reporting unit. Valuation ratios are selected that relate market prices to selected financial metrics from comparable companies. These ratios are applied after consideration of adjustments and weightings related to financial position, growth, volatility, working capital movement, and other factors. Due to the fact that stock prices of comparable companies represent minority interests the Company also considers an acquisition control premium to reflect the impact of additional value associated with a controlling interest.

The income approach is a valuation technique where the fair value is calculated based on forecasted future cash flows within the projection period discounted back to the present value with appropriate risk adjusted discount rates, which represent the weighted-average cost of capital ("WACC") for each reporting unit. This includes assessing the cost of equity and debt capital as of the valuation date. In addition, a terminal value is developed for forecasted future cash flows beyond the projection period discounted back to the present value. The forecasts used in the Company’s estimation of fair value are developed by management based on business and market considerations.

The goodwill impairment test process and valuation model is based upon certain key assumptions that require the exercise of significant judgment including judgments for the use of appropriate financial projections, economic expectations, discount rates and WACC as well as using available market data.

An interim goodwill impairment evaluation was performed during the second quarter of fiscal 2015 and resulted in goodwill impairment charges of $486 million. See Note 4–Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the method that best reflects how their economic benefits are utilized or, if a pattern of economic benefits cannot be reliably determined, on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.

Intangible assets with finite lives are being amortized over the following periods:



	Estimated useful lives (in years)
Customer relationships	5-10
Software and technology	9-15
Other	5

Intangible assets with finite lives are assessed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. See Note 4 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets for impairment charges taken during the period. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but are assessed for impairment at the beginning of the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The Company classifies indirect costs incurred within or allocated to its U.S. Government customers as overhead (included in cost of revenues) or general and administrative expenses in the same manner as such costs are defined in the Company’s disclosure statements under U.S. Government Cost Accounting Standards.

Selling, general and administrative expenses include general and administrative, bid and proposal and internal research and development ("IR&D") expenses.

The Company conducts research and development activities under customer-funded contracts and with company-funded IR&D funds. In fiscal 2015, 2014, and 2013, company-funded IR&D expense was $37 million, $45 million, and $47 million, respectively. Expenses for research and development activities performed under customer contracts are charged directly to cost of revenues for those contracts.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method in accordance with the accounting standard for income taxes. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Under this method, changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in income in the period such changes are enacted.

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent that it believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent results of operations. If the Company were to determine that it would be able to realize its deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount or would no longer be able to realize its deferred income tax assets in the future as currently recorded, the Company would make an adjustment to the valuation allowance which would decrease or increase the provision for income taxes.

The provision for federal, state, foreign and local income taxes is calculated on income before income taxes based on current tax law and includes the cumulative effect of any changes in tax rates from those used previously in determining deferred tax assets and liabilities. Such provision differs from the amounts currently payable because certain items of income and expense are recognized in different reporting periods for financial reporting purposes than for income tax purposes.

The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that a tax position will not be sustained upon examination and settlement with various taxing authorities. Liabilities for uncertain tax positions are measured based upon the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in its income tax expense.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes the fair value of all stock-based awards, including stock options, granted to employees and directors in exchange for services as compensation expense over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period, net of an estimated forfeiture rate.

Special Cash Dividend

In fiscal 2014, Leidos' board of directors declared a special cash dividend of $4.00 per share of Leidos common stock and paid an aggregate of $342 million to stockholders as of the record date of June 14, 2013. See Note 13 – Stock-Based Compensation, for further information regarding the modifications made to the Company’s outstanding stock options resulting from the special cash dividend. There were no modifications made to the Company’s vesting stock awards and performance-based stock awards as a result of the special dividend.

Foreign Currency

The financial statements of consolidated international subsidiaries, for which the functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at each balance sheet date for assets and liabilities and a weighted average exchange rate over the reporting period for revenues, expenses, gains and losses. Translation adjustments are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the statement of income.

Accounting Standards Updates Adopted

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-04: Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date. This standard requires an entity to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this guidance is fixed at the reporting date, as the sum of the amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. The guidance also requires an entity to disclose the nature and amount of the obligation as well as other information about those obligations. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of the provisions of ASU 2013-04 did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent’s Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity. This standard applies to the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a parent either sells a part of or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business within a foreign entity. In addition, the amendments resolve the diversity in practice for the treatment of business combinations achieved in stages (i.e. step acquisitions) involving a foreign entity. The amendments in this are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of the provisions of ASU 2013-04 did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. The amendments in the ASU change the criteria for reporting discontinued operations while enhancing disclosures in this area. Under the new guidance, only disposals representing a strategic shift in operations should be presented as discontinued operations. Those strategic shifts should have a major effect on the organization’s operations and financial results. Examples include a disposal of a major geographic location, a major line of business or a major equity method investment. In addition, the new guidance requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more information about the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of discontinued operations. The new guidance also requires disclosure of the pre-tax income attributable to a disposal of a significant part of an organization that does not qualify for discontinued operations reporting. This disclosure will provide users with information about the ongoing trends in a reporting organization’s results from continuing operations. The amendments in the ASU are effective in the first quarter of 2015 for public organizations with calendar year ends. The Company elected to early adopt the provisions of ASU No. 2014-08 and the standard did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period. This standard was issued to provide guidance on share based payment awards in which a performance target may be achieved after an employee completes the requisite service period to achieve the award. In some instances, this has led to a performance award being granted subsequent to the employee no longer rendering services to the issuing company. Previously, no guidance had been included in the codification on how to account for these transactions. The amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments may be adopted prospectively or retrospectively. The Company elected to early adopt the provisions of ASU No. 2014-12 and the standard did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

During the fiscal years presented, the Company adopted various accounting standards issued by the FASB, none of which had a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Accounting Standards Updates Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This ASU affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of non-financial assets unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards (for example, insurance contracts or lease contracts). This ASU will supersede all revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition and industry-specific guidance throughout the Industry Topics of the codification. The guidance's core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In applying the revenue principles, an entity will identify the contract(s) with a customer, identify the performance obligations, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations and recognize revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied (either over time or point in time). The ASU further states that an entity should disclose sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual reporting periods (including interim reporting periods within those periods) beginning after December 15, 2016, for public companies. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is still evaluating the provisions of ASU 2014-09 and its impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, Income Statement-Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20). This Update eliminates from GAAP the concept of extraordinary items and it is intended to simplify income statement classification. Under the existing guidance, an entity is required to separately disclose extraordinary items, net of tax, in the income statement after income from continuing operations if an event or transaction is of an unusual nature and occurs infrequently. This separate, net-of-tax presentation (and corresponding earnings per share impact) will no longer be allowed. The existing presentation and disclosure guidance for items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently will be retained and will be expanded to include items that are both unusual in nature and infrequently occurring. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted, but only as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2015-01 to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Leidos, Inc.