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Note 2 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

Note 2:      Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. It defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities that are not active; and model-driven valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable. Valuations may be obtained from, or corroborated by, third-party pricing services.

 

Level 3: Unobservable inputs to measure fair value of assets and liabilities for which there is little, if any market activity at the measurement date, using reasonable inputs and assumptions based upon the best information at the time, to the extent that inputs are available without undue cost and effort.

 

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it was practical to estimate that value:

 

Class and Methods and/or Assumptions

 

Cash and cash equivalents: Carrying value approximates fair value due to its readily convertible characteristic.

 

Certificates of deposit: Carrying value adjusted to and presented at fair market value.

 

The estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments are as follows:

 

           

September 30, 2024

   

December 31, 2023

 

Financial Assets:

 

Level

   

Carrying Value

   

Fair Value

   

Carrying Value

   

Fair Value

 
                                         

Cash and cash equivalents

    2     $ 3,318,637     $ 3,318,637     $ 7,546,689     $ 7,546,689  

Certificates of deposit

    2       5,869,471       5,831,995       1,525,173       1,499,675  

Total

          $ 9,188,108     $ 9,150,632     $ 9,071,862     $ 9,046,364