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Revenue
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue RevenueRevenue from products or services provided to customers over time accounted for 32.2% and 35.6% of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 27.9% and 29.9% of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Revenue under these long-term agreements is generally recognized over time either using an input measure based upon the proportion of actual costs incurred to estimated total project costs or an input measure based upon actual labor costs as a percentage of estimated total labor costs, depending upon which measure the Company believes best depicts the Company’s performance to date under the terms of the contract. Revenue recognized over time using an input measure was $27,316 and $37,488 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $76,606 and $104,309 for the nine months ended
September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. A certain portion of the Company’s revenue recognized over time under these long-term agreements is recognized using an output method, specifically units delivered, based upon certain customer acceptance and delivery requirements. Revenue recognized over time using an output measure was $10,800 and $14,031 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $29,833 and $37,553 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had contract assets of $36,891 and $37,032, respectively, that were recorded in “Inventories - net” within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had contract liabilities of $3,606 and $4,472, respectively, that were recorded in “Deferred revenue” within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The majority of the Company’s revenue is from products transferred and services rendered to customers at a point in time. Point in time revenue accounted for 67.8% and 64.4% of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 72.1% and 70.1% of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time at which the customer obtains control of the product or service, which is generally when the product title passes to the customer upon shipment or the service has been rendered to the customer. In limited cases, title does not transfer and revenue is not recognized until the customer has received the products at a physical location.

The following table summarizes the Company's net sales by major product and service category for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2020201920202019
Rail Products$38,057 $39,224 $133,825 $153,420 
Rail Technologies25,931 28,517 75,306 91,416 
Rail Products and Services63,988 67,741 209,131 244,836 
Piling and Fabricated Bridge22,138 28,703 66,109 90,023 
Precast Concrete Products15,745 18,472 42,816 49,903 
Construction Products37,883 47,175 108,925 139,926 
Threaded Products3,524 2,821 10,830 10,196 
Protective Coatings and Measurement Systems12,970 27,111 52,949 80,139 
Tubular and Energy Services16,494 29,932 63,779 90,335 
Total net sales$118,365 $144,848 $381,835 $475,097 

Net sales by the timing of the transfer of products and services was as follows for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Rail Products and
Services		Construction
Products		Tubular and Energy
Services		Total
Point in time$47,027 $22,928 $10,294 $80,249 
Over time16,961 14,955 6,200 38,116 
Total net sales$63,988 $37,883 $16,494 $118,365 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Rail Products and
Services		Construction
Products		Tubular and Energy
Services		Total
Point in time$46,712 $29,375 $17,242 $93,329 
Over time21,029 17,800 12,690 51,519 
Total net sales$67,741 $47,175 $29,932 $144,848 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Rail Products and
Services		Construction
Products		Tubular and Energy
Services		Total
Point in time$163,190 $67,959 $44,247 $275,396 
Over time45,941 40,966 19,532 106,439 
Total net sales$209,131 $108,925 $63,779 $381,835 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Rail Products and
Services		Construction
Products		Tubular and Energy
Services		Total
Point in time$183,905 $90,565 $58,765 $333,235 
Over time60,931 49,361 31,570 141,862 
Total net sales$244,836 $139,926 $90,335 $475,097 

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed receivables, costs in excess of billings (contract assets, included in “Inventories - net”), and billings in excess of costs (contract liabilities, included in “Deferred revenue”) on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Significant changes in contract assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 resulted from transfers of $23,907 from the contract assets balance as of December 31, 2019 to receivables. Significant changes in contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 resulted from increases of $3,286 due to billings in excess of costs, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period. Contract liabilities were reduced due to revenue recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 of $175 and $194, respectively, and reductions due to revenue recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 of $3,708 and $1,460, respectively, which were included in the contract liabilities at the beginning of each period.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had approximately $235,190 of obligations under new contracts and remaining performance obligations, which is also referred to as backlog. Approximately 20.6% of the September 30, 2020 backlog was related to projects that are anticipated to extend beyond September 30, 2021.