Retirement Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

The Company has three retirement plans that cover its hourly and salaried employees in the United States: one defined benefit plan, which is frozen, and two defined contribution plans. Employees are eligible to participate in the appropriate plan based on employment classification. The Company’s contributions to the defined benefit and defined contribution plans are governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and the Company’s policy and investment guidelines applicable to each respective plan. The Company’s policy is to contribute at least the minimum in accordance with the funding standards of ERISA.

The Company maintains two defined contribution plans for its employees in Canada, as well as one post-retirement benefit plan. The Company also maintains two defined contribution plans and one defined benefit plan for its employees in the United Kingdom.

United States Defined Benefit Plan

Net periodic pension costs for the United States defined benefit pension plan for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019

Interest cost	$	56	$	162
Expected return on plan assets	(58)		(180)
Recognized net actuarial loss	13		31
Net periodic pension cost	$	11	$	13

The Company expects to make contributions to its United States defined benefit pension plan of $660 during the remainder of 2020.

United Kingdom Defined Benefit Plan

Net periodic pension costs for the United Kingdom defined benefit pension plan for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019
Interest cost	$	44	$	54
Expected return on plan assets	(59)		(62)
Amortization of prior service costs and transition amount	6		11
Recognized net actuarial loss	64		53
Net periodic pension cost	$	55	$	56

United Kingdom regulations require trustees to adopt a prudent approach to funding required contributions to defined benefit pension plans. The Company anticipates contributions of approximately $297 to the United Kingdom pension plan during 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company contributed approximately $77 to the plan.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company sponsors six defined contribution plans for hourly and salaried employees across our domestic and international facilities. The following table summarizes the expense associated with the contributions made to these plans:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019
United States	$	(138)	$	550
Canada	39		38
United Kingdom	111		107
	$	12	$	695