Retirement Plans

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

The Company has three retirement plans that cover its hourly and salaried employees in the United States: one defined benefit plan, which is frozen, and two defined contribution plans. Employees are eligible to participate in the appropriate plan based on employment classification. The Company’s contributions to the defined benefit and defined contribution plans are governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and the Company’s policy and investment guidelines applicable to each respective plan. The Company’s policy is to contribute at least the minimum in accordance with the funding standards of ERISA.

The Company maintains two defined contribution plans for its employees in Canada, as well as one post-retirement benefit plan. The Company also maintains two defined contribution plans and one defined benefit plan for its employees in the United Kingdom.

United States Defined Benefit Plan

Net periodic pension costs for the United States defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018

Interest cost	$	162	$	155	$	324	$	311
Expected return on plan assets	(180)		(213)		(360)		(427)
Recognized net actuarial loss	31		24		63		48
Net periodic pension cost (income)	$	13	$	(34)	$	27	$	(68)

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company contributed approximately $550 to its United States defined benefit pension plan and expects no additional contributions during the remainder of 2019.

United Kingdom Defined Benefit Plan

Net periodic pension costs for the United Kingdom defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Interest cost	$	54	$	52	$	108	$	104
Expected return on plan assets	(61)		(71)		(122)		(142)
Amortization of prior service costs and transition amount	11		5		22		10
Recognized net actuarial loss	53		49		106		98
Net periodic pension cost	$	57	$	35	$	114	$	70

United Kingdom regulations require trustees to adopt a prudent approach to funding required contributions to defined benefit pension plans. The Company anticipates contributions of approximately $249 to the United Kingdom pension plan during 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company contributed approximately $127 to the plan.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company sponsors six defined contribution plans for hourly and salaried employees across our domestic and international facilities. The following table summarizes the expense associated with the contributions made to these plans:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	680	$	770	$	1,230	$	1,314
Canada	34		34		72		68
United Kingdom	118		98		225		214
	$	832	$	902	$	1,527	$	1,596