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New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2018
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted Disclosure [Abstract]  
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

2. New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Revenue recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued new guidance for revenue recognition. The new guidance seeks to improve comparability by removing inconsistencies in revenue recognition practices. The core principle of the guidance requires companies to recognize revenue upon the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the expected consideration to be received for the goods or services. In addition, certain costs incurred to obtain and fulfill contracts with customers may need to be capitalized if they meet certain criteria. This guidance was further updated in March 2016 to clarify how companies should evaluate the principal-versus-agent aspects of the previously issued revenue guidance. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that began on November 1, 2018. The Company will apply a full retrospective approach to adoption.

The process undertaken by the Company to implement the new guidance included, among other things, applying the five steps in the new revenue framework to contracts with customers covering a broad range of investment strategies and services, applying the guidance on how to account for costs to obtain and fulfill such contracts, and determining whether the Company is acting as a principal or an agent in relation to identified performance obligations. The Company has substantially completed these efforts and is currently in the process of preparing enhanced revenue disclosures required by the new guidance. Based upon the procedures performed to date, the Company does not anticipate any significant changes to the timing of recognition of revenue or recognition of costs incurred to obtain and fulfill the revenue contracts.

The Company expects that the amended guidance will affect the presentation of certain revenue and expense balances. Specifically, the Company expects that fund subsidies of $26.9 million and $13.9 million currently presented in fund-related expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, will be presented as a reduction in management fee revenue. Separately, in applying the revised principal-versus-agent guidance to the Company’s various distribution contracts, the Company expects that, for certain classes of shares in sponsored funds with a front-end load commission pricing structure, the entire front-end load commission (including both the underwriting commission retained by the Company and the sales charge paid to the selling broker-dealer) will be presented within distribution and underwriting fee revenue and the sales charge paid to the selling broker-dealer will be presented within distribution expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Currently, only the underwriting commission retained by the Company is presented within distribution and underwriting fee revenue and the sales charge paid to the selling broker-dealer is not reflected within distribution expense. The Company expects that distribution and underwriter fees and distribution expense will each be increased by approximately $17.1 million and $17.0 million for the years ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, attributable to this change.

Financial instruments

In January 2016, FASB issued an amendment to its financial instruments guidance, which amends certain aspects of the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that began on November 1, 2018. Except for those investments accounted for using the equity method of accounting and investments in consolidated investees, the amendment requires substantially all equity investments with a readily determinable fair value to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendment effectively eliminates the ability, at acquisition, to classify an equity investment as available-for-sale with holding gains and losses presented in other comprehensive income until realized. The guidance requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption. The Company held $10.3 million of available-for-sale equity investments in sponsored funds at October 31, 2018. Upon adoption, the Company expects to reclassify $3.7 million of net unrealized holding gains, net of tax, attributable to these securities from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings.

In June 2016, the FASB issued new guidance for the accounting for credit losses, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The new guidance requires the use of an “expected loss” model for instruments measured at amortized cost and an allowance for credit loss model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that begins on November 1, 2020 and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted for the fiscal year beginning November 1, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance for the accounting for leases, which requires a lessee to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases with a lease term of more than twelve months. Leases will continue to be classified as either financing or operating, with classification affecting the recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that begins on November 1, 2019 and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Statement of cash flows

In August 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that addresses eight specific cash flow issues to reduce diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented on the Statements of Cash Flows. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that began November 1, 2018 and requires a retrospective approach to adoption. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In November 2016, the FASB issued an amendment to existing guidance on the presentation and classification of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The amendment requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that began on November 1, 2018 and requires a retrospective approach to adoption. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Simplifying the test for goodwill impairment

In January 2017, the FASB issued amended guidance that simplifies the test for goodwill impairment. The standard eliminates the Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under the amended guidance, an entity should perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity will recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, but the loss cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that begins on November 1, 2020 and requires a prospective approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Disclosure requirements for fair value measurement

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance that makes changes to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Notably, this guidance removes the disclosure requirements for the amount of, and reasons for, transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. This guidance also adds new disclosure requirements for the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that begins on November 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Capitalization of implementation costs in a cloud computing service contract

In August 2018, the FASB issued new guidance that aligns the accounting requirements for capitalizing implementation costs (implementation, setup, and other upfront costs) related to cloud computing (hosting) arrangements that are accounted for as a service contract with the accounting requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). This new guidance does not affect the accounting for the hosting element of a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s fiscal year that begins on November 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted and the new guidance may be adopted either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.