Revenue Recognition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Disaggregation of Revenue

The significant majority of our revenue is from contracts with customers. Taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are directly imposed on revenue transactions are excluded from revenue. In the following tables, revenue is disaggregated by major lines of goods and services and timing of transfer of goods and services. We have determined that these categories depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The tables below also include a reconciliation of disaggregated revenue to reportable segment revenue.



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Domestic		Import		Premium Luxury		Corporate and other⁽¹⁾		Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle	$	925.4	$	1,003.8	$	945.6	$	—	$	2,874.8
Used vehicle	456.6		386.4		519.7		40.2		1,402.9
Parts and service	244.7		226.1		283.8		148.0		902.6
Finance and insurance, net	95.1		99.9		70.0		1.2		266.2
Other	6.8		6.3		1.4		0.2		14.7
	$	1,728.6	$	1,722.5	$	1,820.5	$	189.6	$	5,461.2

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time	$	1,547.1	$	1,543.1	$	1,579.0	$	99.4	$	4,768.6
Goods and services transferred over time⁽²⁾	181.5		179.4		241.5		90.2		692.6
	$	1,728.6	$	1,722.5	$	1,820.5	$	189.6	$	5,461.2



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Domestic		Import		Premium Luxury		Corporate and other⁽¹⁾		Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle	$	988.5	$	1,070.3	$	874.3	$	—	$	2,933.1
Used vehicle	424.4		365.3		463.6		28.4		1,281.7
Parts and service	271.6		235.8		269.4		87.2		864.0
Finance and insurance, net	88.6		94.4		60.0		4.4		247.4
Other	16.6		4.8		1.5		0.1		23.0
	$	1,789.7	$	1,770.6	$	1,668.8	$	120.1	$	5,349.2

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time	$	1,613.5	$	1,591.6	$	1,441.5	$	35.0	$	4,681.6
Goods and services transferred over time⁽²⁾	176.2		179.0		227.3		85.1		667.6
	$	1,789.7	$	1,770.6	$	1,668.8	$	120.1	$	5,349.2



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Domestic		Import		Premium Luxury		Corporate and other⁽¹⁾		Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle	$	2,600.9	$	2,740.1	$	2,800.1	$	—	$	8,141.1
Used vehicle	1,347.0		1,143.9		1,524.2		106.8		4,121.9
Parts and service	722.2		675.5		847.7		435.4		2,680.8
Finance and insurance, net	265.3		275.8		200.0		16.8		757.9
Other	69.3		10.6		3.5		1.7		85.1
	$	5,004.7	$	4,845.9	$	5,375.5	$	560.7	$	15,786.8

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time	$	4,473.6	$	4,313.3	$	4,654.0	$	290.8	$	13,731.7
Goods and services transferred over time⁽²⁾	531.1		532.6		721.5		269.9		2,055.1
	$	5,004.7	$	4,845.9	$	5,375.5	$	560.7	$	15,786.8



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Domestic		Import		Premium Luxury		Corporate and other⁽¹⁾		Total
Major Goods/Service Lines
New vehicle	$	2,913.7	$	3,045.0	$	2,726.3	$	—	$	8,685.0
Used vehicle	1,334.4		1,092.3		1,405.9		78.3		3,910.9
Parts and service	810.8		707.1		804.1		257.6		2,579.6
Finance and insurance, net	263.2		275.8		178.6		18.4		736.0
Other	67.4		20.0		1.9		0.3		89.6
	$	5,389.5	$	5,140.2	$	5,116.8	$	354.6	$	16,001.1

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Goods and services transferred at a point in time	$	4,870.0	$	4,603.3	$	4,440.5	$	100.2	$	14,014.0
Goods and services transferred over time⁽²⁾	519.5		536.9		676.3		254.4		1,987.1
	$	5,389.5	$	5,140.2	$	5,116.8	$	354.6	$	16,001.1

⁽¹⁾ “Corporate and other” is comprised of our other businesses, including collision centers, auction operations, AutoNation USA stand-alone used vehicle sales and service centers, and parts distribution centers.
⁽²⁾ Represents revenue recognized during the period for automotive repair and maintenance services.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

We sell a vehicle maintenance program (the AutoNation Vehicle Care Program or “VCP”) under which a customer purchases a specific number of maintenance services to be redeemed at an AutoNation location over a five-year term from the date of purchase. We satisfy our performance obligations related to this program and recognize revenue as the maintenance services are rendered, since the customer benefits when we have completed the maintenance service. The following table includes estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to VCP performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period:



	Revenue Expected to Be Recognized by Period
	Total		Less Than 1 Year		1 - 3 Years		3 - 5 Years
Revenue expected to be recognized on VCP contracts sold as of period end	$	89.6	$	29.1	$	44.9	$	15.6

As a practical expedient, since automotive repair and maintenance services are performed within one year or less, we do not disclose estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future for automotive repair and maintenance performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period or when we expect to recognize such revenue.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

When the timing of our provision of goods or services is different from the timing of the payments made by our customers, we recognize either a contract asset (performance precedes contractual due date) or a contract liability (customer payment precedes performance). Contract assets primarily relate to our right to consideration for work in process not yet billed at the reporting date associated with automotive repair and maintenance services, as well as our estimate of variable consideration that has been included in the transaction price for certain finance and insurance products (retrospective commissions). These contract assets are reclassified to receivables when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract liabilities primarily relate to upfront payments received from customers for the sale of VCP maintenance contracts. Performance obligations are satisfied, and revenue is recognized, for VCP maintenance contracts as each underlying service of the multi-year contract is completed during the contract term.

Our receivables from contracts with customers are included in Receivables, net, our current contract asset is included in Other Current Assets, our long-term contract asset is included in Other Assets, our current contract liability is included in Other Current Liabilities, and our long-term contract liability is included in Other Long-Term Liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

The opening and closing balances of our receivables from contracts with customers and our current and long-term contract assets and contract liabilities are as follows:



	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Receivables from contracts with customers, net	$	571.2	$	706.7
Contract Asset (Current)	$	25.6	$	28.2
Contract Asset (Long-Term)	$	10.1	$	17.4
Contract Liability (Current)	$	32.3	$	31.6
Contract Liability (Long-Term)	$	58.1	$	61.9



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Revenue recognized in the period from:
Amounts included in contract liability at the beginning of the period	$	7.4	$	28.9
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	2.0	$	8.8

The differences between the opening and closing balances of our contract assets and contract liabilities primarily result from the timing differences between our performance and the customer’s payment, as well as changes in the estimated transaction price related to variable consideration that was constrained for performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. Other significant changes include contract assets of $27.5 million reclassified to receivables.