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Fair Value Measurements
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
The Company records certain assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are also utilized to determine the initial value of certain assets and liabilities, to perform impairment assessments, and for disclosure purposes. The Company uses quoted market prices and observable inputs to the maximum extent possible when measuring fair value. In the absence of quoted market prices, various valuation techniques are utilized to measure fair value. When possible, observable market data for identical or similar financial instruments is used in the valuation. When market data is not available, fair value is determined using valuation models that incorporate management’s estimates of the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.
Fair value measurements are classified within one of three levels based on the observability of the inputs used to determine fair value, as follows:
•Level 1 — The valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments.
•Level 2 — The valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.
•Level 3 — The valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by minimal or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the instrument. Level 3 valuations are typically performed using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that incorporate management’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the instrument, or valuations that require significant management judgment or estimation.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company elected fair value accounting for mortgages held for sale and for its best-efforts forward sales commitments. The Company economically hedges its mortgages held for sale at the time the interest rate locks are issued to the customers. The Company believes the election for mortgages held for sale will reduce certain timing differences and better match changes in the value of these assets with changes in the value of derivatives or best-best efforts forward sales commitments. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, all mortgages held for sale were carried at fair value.
The following table shows the differences between the fair value carrying amount of mortgages held for sale measured at fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal amount the Company is contractually entitled to receive at maturity.
(Dollars in thousands)Fair value 
carrying
amount		Aggregate
unpaid principal		Excess of fair value carrying amount over (under) unpaid principal 
September 30, 2021    
Mortgages held for sale reported at fair value$34,594 $32,824 $1,770 (1)
December 31, 2020    
Mortgages held for sale reported at fair value$12,885 $11,045 $1,840 (1)
(1)The excess of fair value carrying amount over (under) unpaid principal is included in mortgage banking income and includes changes in fair value at and subsequent to funding and gains and losses on the related loan commitment prior to funding.
Financial Instruments on Recurring Basis:
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Investment securities available-for-sale are valued primarily by a third party pricing agent. Prices supplied by the independent pricing agent, as well as their pricing methodologies and assumptions, are reviewed by the Company for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with market levels. In general, the Company’s investment securities do not possess a complex structure that could introduce greater valuation risk. The portfolio mainly consists of traditional investments including U.S. Treasury and Federal agencies securities, Federal agency mortgage pass-through securities, and general obligation and revenue municipal bonds. Pricing for such instruments is fairly generic and is easily obtained. On a quarterly basis, prices supplied by the pricing agent are validated by comparison to prices obtained from other third party sources for a material portion of the portfolio.
The valuation policy and procedures for Level 3 fair value measurements of available-for-sale debt securities are decided through collaboration between management of the Corporate Accounting and Funds Management departments. The changes in fair value measurement for Level 3 securities are analyzed on a periodic basis under a collaborative framework with the aforementioned departments. The methodology and variables used for input are derived from the combination of observable and unobservable inputs. The unobservable inputs are determined through internal assumptions that may vary from period to period due to external factors, such as market movement and credit rating adjustments.
Both the market and income valuation approaches are implemented using the following types of inputs:
•U.S. treasuries are priced using the market approach and utilizing live data feeds from active market exchanges for identical securities.
•Government-sponsored agency debt securities and corporate bonds are primarily priced using available market information through processes such as benchmark curves, market valuations of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing.
•Other government-sponsored agency securities, mortgage-backed securities and some of the actively traded REMICs and CMOs, are primarily priced using available market information including benchmark yields, prepayment speeds, spreads and volatility of similar securities.
•State and political subdivisions are largely grouped by characteristics, i.e., geographical data and source of revenue in trade dissemination systems. Since some securities are not traded daily and due to other grouping limitations, active market quotes are often obtained using benchmarking for like securities. Local direct placement municipal securities, with very little market activity, are priced using an appropriate market yield curve, which includes a credit spread assumption.
Mortgages held for sale and the related loan commitments and forward contracts (hedges) are valued by a third party pricing agent. Prices supplied by the independent pricing agent, as well as their pricing methodologies, are reviewed by the Company for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with market values. On a quarterly basis, prices supplied by the pricing agent are validated by comparison to the prices obtained from other third party sources.
Interest rate swap positions, both assets and liabilities, are valued by a third-party pricing agent using an income approach and utilizing models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. This valuation process considers various factors including interest rate yield curves, time value and volatility factors. Validation of third party agent valuations is accomplished by comparing those values to the Company’s swap counterparty valuations. Management believes an adjustment is required to “mid-market” valuations for derivatives tied to its performing loan portfolio to recognize the imprecision and related exposure inherent in the process of estimating expected credit losses as well as velocity of deterioration evident with systemic risks embedded in these portfolios. Any change in the mid-market derivative valuation adjustment will be recognized immediately through the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The following table shows the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
(Dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
September 30, 2021    
Assets:    
Investment securities available-for-sale:    
U.S. Treasury and Federal agencies securities$372,074 $521,598 $— $893,672 
U.S. States and political subdivisions securities— 92,721 1,829 94,550 
Mortgage-backed securities — Federal agencies— 571,150 — 571,150 
Corporate debt securities— 23,268 — 23,268 
Foreign government and other securities— 600 — 600 
Total debt securities available-for-sale372,074 1,209,337 1,829 1,583,240 
Mortgages held for sale— 34,594 — 34,594 
Accrued income and other assets (interest rate swap agreements)— 28,368 — 28,368 
Total$372,074 $1,272,299 $1,829 $1,646,202 
Liabilities:    
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (interest rate swap agreements)$— $28,975 $— $28,975 
Total$— $28,975 $— $28,975 
December 31, 2020    
Assets:    
Investment securities available-for-sale:    
U.S. Treasury and Federal agencies securities$80,285 $539,197 $— $619,482 
U.S. States and political subdivisions securities— 78,975 2,152 81,127 
Mortgage-backed securities — Federal agencies— 453,789 — 453,789 
Corporate debt securities— 42,369 — 42,369 
Foreign government and other securities— 700 — 700 
Total debt securities available-for-sale80,285 1,115,030 2,152 1,197,467 
Mortgages held for sale— 12,885 — 12,885 
Accrued income and other assets (interest rate swap agreements)— 46,654 — 46,654 
Total$80,285 $1,174,569 $2,152 $1,257,006 
Liabilities:    
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (interest rate swap agreements)$— $47,681 $— $47,681 
Total$— $47,681 $— $47,681 
The following table shows changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
(Dollars in thousands)U.S. States and
political
subdivisions
securities
Beginning balance July 1, 2021$1,921 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): 
Included in earnings— 
Included in other comprehensive income(7)
Purchases— 
Issuances— 
Sales— 
Settlements— 
Maturities(85)
Transfers into Level 3— 
Transfers out of Level 3— 
Ending balance September 30, 2021$1,829 
Beginning balance July 1, 2020$3,179 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): 
Included in earnings— 
Included in other comprehensive income166 
Purchases— 
Issuances— 
Sales— 
Settlements— 
Maturities(80)
Transfers into Level 3— 
Transfers out of Level 3— 
Ending balance September 30, 2020$3,265 
There were no gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at September 30, 2021 or 2020.
The following table shows the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
(Dollars in thousands)Fair ValueValuation MethodologyUnobservable InputsRange of InputsWeighted Average
September 30, 2021    
Debt securities available-for sale    
Direct placement municipal securities
$1,829 Discounted cash flowsCredit spread assumption
1.61% - 2.79%
2.11 %
December 31, 2020    
Debt securities available-for sale
    
Direct placement municipal securities
$2,152 Discounted cash flowsCredit spread assumption
0.04% - 2.30%
1.55 %
Financial Instruments on Non-recurring Basis:
The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain other financial assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower of cost or market accounting or impairment charges of individual assets.
The Credit Policy Committee (CPC), a management committee, is responsible for overseeing the valuation processes and procedures for Level 3 measurements of impaired loans, other real estate and repossessions. The CPC reviews these assets on a quarterly basis to determine the accuracy of the observable inputs, generally third party appraisals, auction values, values derived from trade publications and data submitted by the borrower, and the appropriateness of the unobservable inputs, generally discounts due to current market conditions and collection issues. The CPC establishes discounts based on asset type and valuation source; deviations from the standard are documented. The discounts are reviewed periodically, annually at a minimum, to determine they remain appropriate. Consideration is given to current trends in market values for the asset categories and gains and losses on sales of similar assets. The Loan and Funds Management Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing the CPC.
Discounts vary depending on the nature of the assets and the source of value. Aircraft are generally valued using quarterly trade publications adjusted for engine time, condition, maintenance programs, discounted by 10%. Likewise, autos are valued using current auction values, discounted by 10%; medium and heavy duty trucks are valued using trade publications and auction values, discounted by 15%. Construction equipment is generally valued using trade publications and auction values, discounted by 20%. Real estate is valued based on appraisals or evaluations, discounted by 20% with higher discounts for property in poor condition or property with characteristics which may make it more difficult to market. Commercial loans subject to borrowing base certificates are generally discounted by 20% for receivables and 40% - 75% for inventory with higher discounts when monthly borrowing base certificates are not required or received.
Collateral-dependent impaired loans and related write-downs are based on the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Collateral values are reviewed quarterly and estimated using customized discounting criteria, appraisals and dealer and trade magazine quotes which are used in a market valuation approach. In accordance with fair value measurements, only impaired loans for which an allowance for loan loss has been established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. As a result, only a portion of the Company’s impaired loans are classified in the fair value hierarchy.
The Company has established MSRs valuation policies and procedures based on industry standards and to ensure valuation methodologies are consistent and verifiable. MSRs and related adjustments to fair value result from application of lower of cost or fair value accounting. For purposes of impairment, MSRs are stratified based on the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying servicing, principally by loan type. The fair value of each tranche of the servicing portfolio is estimated by calculating the present value of estimated future net servicing cash flows, taking into consideration actual and expected mortgage loan prepayment rates, discount rates, servicing costs, and other economic factors. Prepayment rates and discount rates are derived through a third party pricing agent. Changes in the most significant inputs, including prepayment rates and discount rates, are compared to the changes in the fair value measurements and appropriate resolution is made. A fair value analysis is also obtained from an independent third party agent and compared to the internal valuation for reasonableness. MSRs do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices and though sales of MSRs do occur, precise terms and conditions typically are not readily available and the characteristics of the Company’s servicing portfolio may differ from those of any servicing portfolios that do trade.
Other real estate is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral less expected selling costs. Collateral values are estimated primarily using appraisals and reflect a market value approach. Fair values are reviewed quarterly, and new appraisals are obtained annually. Repossessions are similarly valued.
For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis the following represents impairment charges (recoveries) recognized on these assets during the quarter ended September 30, 2021: collateral-dependent impaired loans - $0.10 million; mortgage servicing rights - ($0.22) million; repossessions - $0.00 million; and other real estate - $0.00 million.
The following table shows the carrying value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
(Dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
September 30, 2021    
Collateral-dependent impaired loans$— $— $1,332 $1,332 
Accrued income and other assets (mortgage servicing rights)— — 4,519 4,519 
Accrued income and other assets (repossessions)— — 690 690 
Accrued income and other assets (other real estate)— — — — 
Total$— $— $6,541 $6,541 
December 31, 2020    
Collateral-dependent impaired loans$— $— $11,991 $11,991 
Accrued income and other assets (mortgage servicing rights)— — 3,804 3,804 
Accrued income and other assets (repossessions)— — 1,976 1,976 
Accrued income and other assets (other real estate)— — 359 359 
Total$— $— $18,130 $18,130 
The following table below shows the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
(Dollars in thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueValuation MethodologyUnobservable InputsRange of InputsWeighted Average
September 30, 2021     
Collateral-dependent impaired loans$1,332 $1,332 Collateral based measurements including appraisals, trade publications, and auction valuesDiscount for lack of marketability and current conditions
20% - 90%
30.7 %
Mortgage servicing rights4,519 4,999 Discounted cash flowsConstant prepayment rate (CPR)
12.7% - 20.2%
17.7 %
    Discount rate
8.6% - 11.5%
8.8 %
Repossessions690 725 Appraisals, trade publications and auction valuesDiscount for lack of marketability
3% - 11%
5 %
Other real estate— — AppraisalsDiscount for lack of marketability
0% - 0%
0 %
December 31, 2020     
Collateral-dependent impaired loans$11,991 $11,991 Collateral based measurements including appraisals, trade publications, and auction valuesDiscount for lack of marketability and current conditions
0% - 100%
43.7 %
Mortgage servicing rights3,804 4,038 Discounted cash flowsConstant prepayment rate (CPR)
16.2% - 30.5%
22.8 %
    Discount rate
8.3% - 11.1%
8.5 %
Repossessions1,976 2,144 Appraisals, trade publications and auction valuesDiscount for lack of marketability
0% - 16%
8 %
Other real estate359 388 AppraisalsDiscount for lack of marketability
6% - 13%
7 %
GAAP requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis.
The following table shows the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments.
(Dollars in thousands)Carrying or Contract ValueFair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
September 30, 2021     
Assets:     
Cash and due from banks$77,740 $77,740 $77,740 $— $— 
Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with other banks559,542 559,542 559,542 — — 
Investment securities, available-for-sale1,583,240 1,583,240 372,074 1,209,337 1,829 
Other investments27,189 27,189 27,189 — — 
Mortgages held for sale34,594 34,594 — 34,594 — 
Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses5,225,042 5,290,270 — — 5,290,270 
Mortgage servicing rights4,519 4,999 — — 4,999 
Accrued interest receivable18,556 18,556 — 18,556 — 
Interest rate swaps28,368 28,368 — 28,368 — 
Liabilities:     
Deposits$6,522,505 $6,526,220 $5,584,989 $941,231 $— 
Short-term borrowings215,665 215,665 208,398 7,267 — 
Long-term debt and mandatorily redeemable securities81,301 81,753 — 81,753 — 
Subordinated notes58,764 58,537 — 58,537 — 
Accrued interest payable2,424 2,424 — 2,424 — 
Interest rate swaps28,975 28,975 — 28,975 — 
Off-balance-sheet instruments *— 385 — 385 — 
December 31, 2020     
Assets:     
Cash and due from banks$74,186 $74,186 $74,186 $— $— 
Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with other banks168,861 168,861 168,861 — — 
Investment securities, available-for-sale1,197,467 1,197,467 80,285 1,115,030 2,152 
Other investments27,429 27,429 27,429 — — 
Mortgages held for sale12,885 12,885 — 12,885 — 
Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses5,348,647 5,417,396 — — 5,417,396 
Mortgage servicing rights3,804 4,038 — — 4,038 
Accrued interest receivable20,242 20,242 — 20,242 — 
Interest rate swaps46,654 46,654 — 46,654 — 
Liabilities:     
Deposits$5,946,028 $5,955,545 $4,778,671 $1,176,874 $— 
Short-term borrowings150,641 150,641 143,730 6,911 — 
Long-term debt and mandatorily redeemable securities81,864 82,965 — 82,965 — 
Subordinated notes58,764 58,560 — 58,560 — 
Accrued interest payable3,996 3,996 — 3,996 — 
Interest rate swaps47,681 47,681 — 47,681 — 
Off-balance-sheet instruments *— 321 — 321 — 
* Represents estimated cash outflows required to currently settle the obligations at current market rates.
These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature and require considerable judgment to interpret market data. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange, nor are they intended to represent the fair value of the Company as a whole. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of the respective balance sheet date. Although the Company is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued since the presentation dates, and therefore, estimates of fair value after the balance sheet date may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
Other significant assets, such as premises and equipment, other assets, and liabilities not defined as financial instruments, are not included in the above disclosures. Also, the fair value estimates for deposits do not include the benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by the deposit liabilities compared to the cost of borrowing funds in the market.