UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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Documents Incorporated By Reference
The following document is incorporated by reference in Part III of the Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent described therein: Proxy statement for the annual meeting of shareholders of Matson, Inc. to be held April 27, 2023.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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MATSON, INC.
FORM 10-K
Annual Report for the Fiscal Year
Ended December 31, 2022
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
| A. | COMPANY OVERVIEW |
Matson, Inc., a holding company incorporated in the State of Hawaii, and its subsidiaries (“Matson” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of ocean transportation and logistics services. The Company consists of two segments, Ocean Transportation and Logistics.
Ocean Transportation: Matson’s Ocean Transportation business is conducted through Matson Navigation Company, Inc. (“MatNav”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Matson, Inc. Founded in 1882, MatNav provides a vital lifeline of ocean freight transportation services to the domestic non-contiguous economies of Hawaii, Alaska and Guam, and to other island economies in Micronesia. MatNav also operates premium, expedited services from China to Long Beach, California, provides services to Okinawa, Japan and various islands in the South Pacific, and operates an international export service from Dutch Harbor, Alaska to Asia. In addition, subsidiaries of MatNav provide stevedoring, refrigerated cargo services, inland transportation and other terminal services for MatNav on the Hawaiian islands of Oahu, Hawaii, Maui and Kauai, and for MatNav and other ocean carriers in Alaska.
Matson has a 35 percent ownership interest in SSA Terminals, LLC, a joint venture between Matson Ventures, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of MatNav, and SSA Ventures, Inc., a subsidiary of Carrix, Inc. (“SSAT”). SSAT currently provides terminal and stevedoring services to various carriers at eight terminal facilities on the U.S. West Coast, including three facilities dedicated for MatNav’s use. Matson records its share of income from SSAT in costs and expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, and within the Ocean Transportation segment due to the nature of SSAT’s operations.
Logistics: Matson’s logistics business is conducted through Matson Logistics, Inc. (“Matson Logistics”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of MatNav. Established in 1987, Matson Logistics extends the geographic reach of Matson’s transportation network throughout North America and Asia, and is an asset-light business that provides a variety of logistics services to its customers including: (i) multimodal transportation brokerage of domestic and international rail intermodal services, long-haul and regional highway trucking services, specialized hauling, flat-bed and project services, less-than-truckload services, and expedited freight services (collectively, “Transportation Brokerage” services); (ii) less-than-container load (“LCL”) consolidation and freight forwarding services (collectively, “Freight Forwarding” services); (iii) warehousing, trans-loading, value-added packaging and distribution services (collectively, “Warehousing” services); and (iv) supply chain management, non-vessel operating common carrier (“NVOCC”) freight forwarding and other services.
Our Mission and Vision:
Our mission is to move freight better than anyone. Our vision is to create value for our shareholders by:
| ◾ | Being our customers’ first choice, |
| ◾ | Leveraging our core strengths to drive growth and increase profitability, |
| ◾ | Improving the communities in which we work and live, |
| ◾ | Being an environmental leader in our industry, and |
| ◾ | Being a great place to work. |
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| B. | BUSINESS DESCRIPTION |
(1) | OCEAN TRANSPORTATION SEGMENT |
Ocean Transportation Services:
Matson’s Ocean Transportation segment provides the following services:
Hawaii Service: Matson’s Hawaii service provides ocean carriage (lift-on/lift-off, roll-on/roll-off and conventional services) between the ports of Long Beach and Oakland, California; Tacoma, Washington; and Honolulu, Hawaii. Matson also operates a network of inter-island barges that provide connecting services from its hub at Honolulu to other major Hawaii ports on the islands of Hawaii, Maui and Kauai. Matson is the largest carrier of ocean cargo between the U.S. West Coast and Hawaii.
Westbound cargo carried by Matson to Hawaii includes dry containers of mixed commodities, refrigerated commodities, food and beverages, retail merchandise, building materials, automobiles and household goods. Matson’s eastbound cargo from Hawaii includes automobiles, household goods, dry containers of mixed commodities and livestock. The majority of Matson’s Hawaii service revenue is derived from the westbound carriage of containerized freight.
China Service: Matson’s expedited China-Long Beach Express (“CLX”) service is part of an integrated service that carries cargo from Long Beach, California to Honolulu, Hawaii, to Guam, and then to Okinawa, Japan. The vessels continue to Ningbo and Shanghai, China, where they are loaded with cargo to be discharged primarily in Long Beach, California at a Matson-exclusive terminal operated by SSAT. These vessels also carry cargo destined for Hawaii which originated in Guam, Micronesia, Okinawa, China and other Asian countries. Matson provides container transshipment services from many locations in Asia including Hong Kong and Xiamen, China to the United States via the ports of Ningbo and Shanghai, China.
Matson operates a second expedited service to the U.S. West Coast with the China-Long Beach Express Plus (“CLX+”) service. The CLX+ service primarily uses chartered vessels and operates weekly from Ningbo and Shanghai, China where they are loaded with cargo to be discharged primarily at Long Beach, California, calling at an SSAT-operated terminal.
Eastbound cargo from China to Long Beach, California consists mainly of garments, e-commerce related goods, consumer electronics, footwear and other merchandise.
Guam Service: Matson’s Guam service provides weekly carriage between the U.S. West Coast and Guam, as part of its CLX service. Matson also provides weekly connecting service from Guam to the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Cargo destined to Guam mainly includes dry containers of mixed commodities, refrigerated containers of food, beverages, retail merchandise, building materials, and household goods.
Japan Service: Matson’s Japan service provides carriage to the port of Naha in Okinawa, Japan, as part of its CLX service. This service mainly carries general sustenance cargo in both dry and refrigerated containers and household goods supporting the U.S. military.
Micronesia Service: Matson’s Micronesia service provides carriage between the U.S. West Coast and the islands of Kwajalein, Ebeye and Majuro in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the islands of Yap, Pohnpei, Chuuk and Kosrae in the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of Palau. Cargo destined for these locations is transshipped through Guam and consists mainly of general sustenance cargo, building materials, hardware and retail merchandise.
Alaska Service: Matson’s Alaska service provides ocean carriage between the port of Tacoma, Washington, and the ports of Anchorage, Kodiak and Dutch Harbor, Alaska. Matson also provides a barge service between Dutch Harbor and Akutan in Alaska, and transportation services to other locations in Alaska including the Kenai Peninsula, Fairbanks and the North Slope.
Northbound cargo to Alaska consists mainly of dry containers of mixed commodities, refrigerated commodities, foods and beverages, retail merchandise, household goods and automobiles. Southbound cargo from Alaska primarily consists of seafood, household goods and automobiles.
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Matson’s Alaska-Asia Express (“AAX”) service provides carriage of dry and frozen seafood from Kodiak and Dutch Harbor, Alaska to many locations in Asia via its transshipment ports of Ningbo and Shanghai, China, and Busan, South Korea. The AAX service utilizes CLX+ vessels on their westbound trip to China.
South Pacific Service: Matson’s New Zealand Express (“NZX”) service provides carriage of general sustenance cargo between Auckland, New Zealand and select islands in the South Pacific, including Fiji (Suva and Lautoka), Samoa (Apia), American Samoa (Pago Pago), the Cook Islands (Rarotonga and Aitutaki), Tonga (Nukualofa and Vava’u), and Niue. Additionally, Matson provides slot charter arrangements for the transportation of cargo from major ports on the east coast of Australia to ports in the South Pacific islands. The NZX service also distributes and sells domestic bulk fuel to a variety of these islands.
Terminal and Other Related Services:
Matson provides stevedoring, refrigerated cargo services, inland transportation, container equipment maintenance and other terminal services (collectively, “terminal services”) at terminals located on the Hawaiian islands of Oahu, Hawaii, Maui and Kauai; and in the Alaska terminal locations of Anchorage, Kodiak and Dutch Harbor.
SSAT currently provides terminal and stevedoring services to various carriers at eight terminal facilities on the U.S. West Coast, including three facilities dedicated for MatNav’s use, in Long Beach and Oakland, California and in Tacoma, Washington.
Matson utilizes the services of other third-party terminal operators at all of the other ports where its vessels are served.
Vessel Management Services:
Matson contracts with the U.S. Department of Transportation to provide vessel management services to manage and maintain three Ready Reserve Force vessels on behalf of the U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Administration.
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Vessel Information:
Vessels:
Matson’s fleet includes both owned and chartered vessels. Matson’s owned vessels represent an investment of approximately $2.3 billion. The majority of Matson’s owned vessels are U.S. flagged and Jones Act qualified vessels, and operate in the Hawaii, China, Guam, Japan, Micronesia and Alaska services. Details of Matson’s active and reserve vessels as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:
Usable Cargo Capacity | Vessel | |||||||||||||||||
Containers | Vehicles | Design | Approximate | Charter | ||||||||||||||
| Year |
| Official |
|
| Reefer |
|
|
|
|
| Speed |
| Deadweight |
| Expiration | ||
Name of Vessels | Built | Number | TEUs (1) | Slots | Autos | Length | (Knots) (2) | (Long Tons) | Date (3) | |||||||||
Vessels-Owned: | ||||||||||||||||||
DANIEL K. INOUYE (4) | 2018 |
| 1274136 |
| 3,220 |
| 408 | — |
| 854’ 0” |
| 23.5 |
| 51,000 |
| — | ||
KAIMANA HILA (4) | 2019 | 1274135 | 3,220 | 408 | — | 854’ 0” | 23.5 |
| 54,000 |
| — | |||||||
MANOA (4)(8) |
| 1982 |
| 651627 |
| 2,824 |
| 408 |
| — |
| 860’ 2” |
| 23.0 |
| 35,000 |
| — |
MAHIMAHI (4)(8) |
| 1982 |
| 653424 |
| 2,824 |
| 408 |
| — |
| 860’ 2” |
| 23.0 |
| 35,000 |
| — |
LURLINE (4) | 2019 | 1274143 | 2,750 | 432 | 500 | 869’ 5” | 23.0 | 51,000 | — | |||||||||
MATSONIA (4) | 2020 | 1274123 | 2,750 | 432 | 500 | 869’ 5” | 23.0 | 51,000 | — | |||||||||
MANULANI (4)(8) |
| 2005 |
| 1168529 |
| 2,378 |
| 284 |
| — |
| 712’ 0” |
| 22.5 |
| 38,000 |
| — |
MAUNAWILI (4)(8) |
| 2004 |
| 1153166 |
| 2,378 |
| 326 |
| — |
| 711’ 9” |
| 22.5 |
| 37,000 |
| — |
MANUKAI (4)(8) |
| 2003 |
| 1141163 |
| 2,378 |
| 326 |
| — |
| 711’ 9” |
| 22.5 |
| 38,000 |
| — |
R.J. PFEIFFER (4)(8) |
| 1992 |
| 979814 |
| 2,245 |
| 300 |
| — |
| 713’ 6” |
| 23.0 |
| 28,000 |
| — |
MOKIHANA (4) |
| 1983 |
| 655397 |
| 1,994 |
| 354 |
| 1,323 |
| 860’ 2” |
| 23.0 |
| 30,000 |
| — |
MAUNALEI (4)(8) |
| 2006 |
| 1181627 |
| 1,992 |
| 328 |
| — |
| 681’ 1” |
| 22.1 |
| 33,000 |
| — |
MATSON KODIAK (4)(8) |
| 1987 |
| 910308 |
| 1,668 |
| 280 |
| — |
| 710’ 0” |
| 20.0 |
| 20,000 |
| — |
MATSON ANCHORAGE (4)(8) |
| 1987 |
| 910306 |
| 1,668 |
| 280 |
| — |
| 710’ 0” |
| 20.0 |
| 20,000 |
| — |
MATSON TACOMA (4)(8) |
| 1987 |
| 910307 |
| 1,668 |
| 280 |
| — |
| 710’ 0” |
| 20.0 |
| 20,000 |
| — |
KAMOKUIKI (5) |
| 2000 |
| 9232979 |
| 707 |
| 100 |
| — |
| 433’ 9” |
| 17.5 |
| 8,000 |
| — |
OLOMANA (6) | 2004 | 9184225 | 645 | 120 | — | 388’ 7” | 14.0 | 8,000 | — | |||||||||
IMUA (6) |
| 2004 |
| 9184237 |
| 645 |
| 90 |
| — |
| 388’ 6” |
| 15.0 |
| 8,000 |
| — |
LILOA II (6) |
| 2006 |
| 9184249 |
| 630 |
| 90 |
| — |
| 388’ 6” |
| 15.0 | 8,000 | — | ||
PAPA MAU (6) |
| 1999 |
| 9141704 |
| 521 |
| 68 |
| — |
| 381’ 5” |
| 14.0 |
| 6,000 |
| — |
Vessels-Chartered: | ||||||||||||||||||
MATSON HAWAII (6) | 2009 | 9386471 | 4,360 | 326 | — | 849’ 3” | 23.3 | 52,000 | July 2023 | |||||||||
MATSON LANAI (6) | 2007 | 9334143 | 4,253 | 400 | — | 855’ 2” | 24.3 | 50,000 | June 2025 | |||||||||
MATSON MAUI (6) | 2007 | 9340764 | 4,253 | 400 | — | 854’ 8” | 24.5 | 50,000 | March 2026 | |||||||||
MATSON KAUAI (6) | 2008 | 9353278 | 4,218 | 350 | — | 841’ 4” | 24.8 | 52,000 | January 2025 | |||||||||
MATSON MOLOKAI (6) | 2007 | 9338084 | 2,824 | 586 | — | 728’ 10” | 22.0 | 39,000 | May 2025 | |||||||||
MATSON NIIHAU (6) | 2005 | 9294159 | 2,824 | 586 | — | 728’ 10” | 21.0 | 39,000 | March 2023 | |||||||||
Barges-Owned: | ||||||||||||||||||
MAUNA LOA (4) |
| 2013 |
| 1247426 |
| 500 |
| 78 |
| — |
| 362’ 6” |
| — |
| 13,000 |
| — |
HALEAKALA (4) |
| 2022 |
| 1324310 |
| 620 |
| 72 |
| — |
| 362’ 6” |
| — |
| 15,000 |
| — |
Barges-Chartered: | ||||||||||||||||||
ILIULIUK BAY (4)(7) |
| 2013 |
| 1249384 |
| 178 |
| — |
| — |
| 250’ 0” |
| — |
| 4,000 |
| December 2023 |
| (1) | Twenty-foot Equivalent Units (“TEU”) is a standard measure of cargo volume correlated to a standard 20-foot dry cargo container. |
| (2) | Actual operating speed of the vessel may vary from the Vessel Design Speed. |
| (3) | Charter expiration date represents the approximate earliest month the vessel can be returned to its owner. Some vessel charter agreements include options for the Company to further extend the charter period. |
| (4) | U.S. flagged and Jones Act qualified vessel or barge. |
| (5) | U.S. flagged vessel. |
| (6) | Foreign-flagged vessel. |
| (7) | Lift-on/lift-off barge equipped with a crane. |
| (8) | Vessel installed with exhaust gas cleaning systems (commonly referred to as “scrubbers”). |
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Fleet Renewal Program:
Matson is constructing three new vessels with the following specifications and expected delivery dates:
Usable Cargo Capacity | ||||||||||||||
Containers | Maximum | Maximum | ||||||||||||
| Type of |
| Expected |
|
|
| Reefer |
| Speed |
| Deadweight | |||
Class of Vessel | Vessel | Delivery Date | TEUs | Slots | Length | (Knots) | (Long Tons) | |||||||
Aloha Class |
| Containership |
| Q4 2026 | 3,620 |
| 400 | 853’ 2” |
| 23.5 |
| 53,000 | ||
Aloha Class | Containership | Q2 2027 | 3,620 | 400 | 853’ 2” | 23.5 | 53,000 | |||||||
Aloha Class | Containership | Q4 2027 | 3,620 | 400 | 853’ 2” | 23.5 | 53,000 | |||||||
Upon delivery, Matson expects to deploy the three new vessels in the CLX service and redeploy three existing CLX vessels into the Alaska service. The new vessels will have dual-fuel engines and be equipped with tanks, piping and cryogenic equipment designed to operate on liquified natural gas (“LNG”) and conventional fuels. The new vessels are also being designed with state-of-the-art green technology features and fuel-efficient hulls. Each new vessel is expected to provide 500 containers of additional capacity per voyage in the CLX service.
The contract cost of the new vessel program is approximately $1.0 billion in total, and milestone payments are expected to be financed with cash currently on deposit in the Company’s Capital Construction Fund, cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheet and through cash flows generated from future operations, borrowings available under the Company’s unsecured revolving credit facility or additional debt financings. Actual and future annual vessel construction progress milestone payments based on signed agreements and change orders, excluding owners’ items and capitalized interest, are expected to be as follows:
Paid | Future Milestone Payments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Vessel Construction Obligations (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2023 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2026 |
| 2027 |
| Thereafter |
| Total | ||||||||
Three Aloha Class Containerships | $ | 50.0 | $ | 50.0 | $ | 71.0 | $ | 351.0 | $ | 307.0 | $ | 157.0 | $ | 13.0 | $ | 999.0 | ||||||||
Matson is also installing tanks, piping and cryogenic equipment on existing Aloha Class vessels so that they can operate on LNG and conventional fuels. The LNG installation project on Daniel K. Inouye has begun and work on Kaimana Hila is currently scheduled to begin during the second quarter of 2024. Each installation is expected to cost approximately $35 million. Additionally, the Company plans to begin reengining Manukai to operate on LNG and conventional fuels during the second quarter of 2023 at a total cost of approximately $60 million.
The three new Aloha Class vessels and LNG installation projects are important steps towards achieving Matson’s medium-term greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions goal which is to reduce Scope 1 GHG emissions from our owned fleet by 40% by 2030, using 2016 as a baseline year. Matson has also set a long-term goal to achieve net zero Scope 1 GHG emissions from our owned fleet by 2050. For more information on Matson’s environmental stewardship initiatives, including GHG reduction goals, see Matson’s Sustainability Report and other information available at https://www.matson.com/sustainability.
Vessel Emission Regulations:
Being a leader in environmental stewardship is one of Matson’s core values. Matson’s vessels transit through some of the most environmentally sensitive areas in the United States including the Hawaiian Islands and the coasts of California, Oregon, Washington and Alaska. In particular, Matson is focused on reducing transportation emissions, including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, particulate matter and sulfur dioxide through improvements in vessel fuel consumption, choice of fuel types and the development of more fuel-efficient transportation solutions. Matson further contributes positively to the environment by testing and deploying leading technologies as the fleet is modernized.
The International Maritime Organization (“IMO”), to which the U.S. and over 100 other countries are signatories, is a specialized agency of the United Nations that sets international environmental standards applicable to vessels operating under the flag of any signatory country. Effective January 1, 2020, the IMO imposed regulations that generally require all vessels to burn fuel oil with a maximum sulfur content of ≤0.5 percent. With respect to North America, all waters, with certain limited exceptions, within 200 nautical miles of U.S. and Canadian coastlines have been designated emission control areas (“ECAs”). Since January 1, 2015, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations have
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reduced the fuel oil maximum sulfur content in designated ECAs. In addition, since August 1, 2012, the California Air Resource Board has reduced the fuel oil maximum sulfur content to ≤0.1 percent within 24 miles of the California coastline.
All of Matson’s vessels are designed to operate in compliance with IMO and ECA regulations as applicable. Matson also maintains vessels which may operate as dry-dock relief or for emergency activation purposes under an EPA approved ECA permit enabling the use of fuel oil with a maximum sulfur content of ≤0.5 percent within the North America ECA or at any time on IMO compliant fuels.
In June 2021, the IMO adopted new GHG emission requirements applicable to ships. Beginning with a company’s first annual, intermediate or renewal survey for an International Air Pollution Prevention (“IAPP”) certificate on or after January 1, 2023, all containerships with more than 10,000 dead weight tons will be required to meet specified Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (“EEXI”) levels. EEXI is a one-time certification measuring a ship’s theoretical carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per transport work based on its design parameters. Beginning in 2023, containerships with over 5,000 gross tonnage (“GT”) will be required to meet annual Carbon Intensity Indicator (“CII”) requirements that become increasingly stringent towards 2030. CII measures how efficiently a ship transports goods, and uses actual CO2 emissions to determine an annual rating from A to E. For ships that achieve a D rating for three consecutive years or an E rating in a single year, a corrective action plan needs to be developed as part of the vessels’ Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (“SEEMP”) and approved. For a discussion on the Company’s planned future capital expenditures to comply with these regulations, see Part II, Item 7 of this Form 10-K. For more information on Matson’s environmental stewardship initiatives, including GHG emission reduction goals, see Matson’s Sustainability Report and other information available at https://www.matson.com/sustainability.
Hawaii Terminal Modernization and Expansion Program:
Matson completed the first phase of its program to modernize and renovate its terminal facility at Sand Island, Honolulu, and is progressing on the second phase. As part of this program, Matson completed the installation of three new 65 long-ton capacity gantry cranes, upgraded and renovated three existing cranes, demolished four outdated cranes, and installed upgrades to the electrical infrastructure at the terminal. In addition, Matson completed the installation, energization and transition to a new redundant main switchgear. Additional projects for the second phase relate to improvements to its existing backup power generators, installation of new above ground fuel storage tanks, a battery energy storage system, and other upgrades at the terminal, and are expected to be completed within the next three years.
The third phase represents a broader and long-term terminal expansion program at the Sand Island terminal facility. Matson expects to expand into Pier 51A and portions of Pier 51B after Pasha Hawaii (“Pasha”) relocates to the newly constructed Kapalama container terminal facility planned for 2024. From 2023 to 2024, Matson will be performing surveying, planning and design work in preparation for this expansion.
Ocean Transportation Equipment:
As a complement to its fleet of vessels, Matson owns a variety of equipment including cranes, terminal equipment, containers and chassis, which represents an investment of approximately $0.8 billion as of December 31, 2022. Matson also leases containers, chassis and other equipment under various operating lease agreements.
Operating Costs:
Major components of Matson’s Ocean Transportation operating costs are as follows:
Direct Cargo Expense includes terminal handling costs including labor, purchased outside transportation and other related costs.
Vessel Operating Expense includes crew wages and related costs; fuel, pilots, tugs and line related costs; vessel charter expenses; and other vessel operating related expenses. Matson purchases fuel oil, lubricants and gasoline for its operations and pays fuel-related surcharges to other third-party transportation providers.
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Operating Overhead includes equipment repair costs, equipment lease and repositioning expenses, vessel repair and maintenance costs, depreciation and dry-docking amortization, insurance, port engineers and other maintenance costs, and other vessel and shoreside related overhead.
Competition:
The following is a summary of major competitors in Matson’s Ocean Transportation segment:
Hawaii Service: Matson’s Hawaii service has one major U.S. flagged Jones Act competitor, Pasha, which operates container and roll-on/roll-off services between the ports of Long Beach, Oakland and San Diego, California to Hawaii. A U.S. flagged Jones Act barge operator, Aloha Marine Lines, also offers barge service between Seattle, Washington and Hawaii.
Foreign-flagged vessels carrying cargo to Hawaii from non-U.S. locations also provide alternatives for companies shipping to Hawaii. Other competitors in the Hawaii service include proprietary operators and contract carriers of bulk cargo, and airfreight freight carriers.
Matson operates three strings of vessels to Hawaii. These strings provide customers an industry-leading five departures from ports on the U.S. West Coast – two each from Long Beach and Oakland, California and one from Tacoma, Washington, with three arrivals in Honolulu each week. Each of these strings operates on a fixed day-of-the-week schedule. One of the vessel strings continues from Honolulu to China before returning to Long Beach. Matson’s frequent sailings and punctuality permit customers to reduce inventory carrying costs. Matson also competes by offering one of the most comprehensive services to customers, including: the only container service to and from the three largest U.S. West Coast ports; the most efficient terminal network on the U.S. West Coast with three exclusive use terminals provided by SSAT; a dedicated inter-island barge network which is integrated with Matson’s line haul schedule; roll-on/roll-off service from Long Beach and Oakland; a world-class customer service team; and efficiency and experience in handling cargo of many types.
Alaska Service: Matson’s Alaska service has one major U.S. flagged Jones Act competitor, Totem Ocean Trailer Express, Inc., which operates a roll-on/roll off service between Tacoma, Washington and Anchorage, Alaska. There are also two U.S. flagged Jones Act barge operators, Alaska Marine Lines, which mainly provides services from Seattle, Washington to the ports of Anchorage, Dutch Harbor, and other locations in Alaska, and Samson Tug & Barge, which mainly serves Western Alaska and other locations. The barge operators have historically shipped lower value commodities that can accommodate a longer transit time, as well as construction materials and other cargo that are not conducive to movement in containers. Foreign-flagged vessels provide alternatives for companies shipping cargo (mainly seafood) from the Alaska ports of Kodiak and Dutch Harbor to international destinations. Other competition includes air freight carriers and over-the-road trucking services. Matson’s AAX service has two major competitors, CMA CGM and Maersk Lines, which provide services between Dutch Harbor, Alaska and Asia.
Matson offers customers twice weekly scheduled service from Tacoma, Washington to Anchorage and Kodiak, Alaska, and a weekly service to Dutch Harbor, Alaska. The Company also provides a barge service between Dutch Harbor and Akutan in Alaska. Matson is the only Jones Act containership operator providing service to Kodiak and Dutch Harbor in Alaska, which are the primary loading ports for southbound seafood. Matson offers dedicated terminal services at the Alaska ports of Anchorage, Kodiak and Dutch Harbor performed by Matson, and at the port of Tacoma, Washington performed by SSAT. Matson’s AAX service also offers customers a service from Kodiak and Dutch Harbor, Alaska to Ningbo and Shanghai, China, and Busan, South Korea, with transshipment services from those ports to other locations in Asia.
China Service: Major competitors to Matson’s China service include large international transpacific carriers such as CMA CGM, OOCL, ZIM, Evergreen and Maersk. Other competition includes air freight carriers.
Matson’s China service (CLX and CLX+) competes by offering fast and reliable service from the ports of Ningbo and Shanghai in China, and feeder services from other Asian ports of origin, to Long Beach and Oakland, California. Matson provides fixed day-of-the-week arrivals and industry leading cargo availability. Matson’s service is further differentiated by best-in-class stevedoring services provided by SSAT, Matson dedicated terminal space, access to Shippers Transport Express off-dock container yards for faster truck turn times, Matson-dedicated equipment including chassis to speed cargo availability, one-stop intermodal connections, and world-class customer service. Matson also
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provides intermodal services in coordination with Matson Logistics. Matson has offices located in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Ningbo and Hong Kong, and has contracted with terminal operators in Ningbo and Shanghai.
Guam Service: Matson’s Guam service has one major competitor, APL, a U.S. flagged subsidiary of CMA CGM, which operates a U.S. flagged container service connecting the U.S. West Coast to Guam and Saipan, via transshipments to U.S. flagged feeder vessels in Yokohama, Japan and Busan, South Korea via a two-ship feeder service. There are also other several foreign carriers that call at Guam from foreign origin ports, and air freight carriers.
Matson offers customers a weekly service to Guam as part of the CLX service from three ports on the U.S. West Coast. Matson’s ocean transit time, frequent sailing and reliable on-time performance provides an industry-leading service to its customers.
Japan Service: Matson’s Japan service has one major competitor, APL, which operates a U.S. flagged containership service from the U.S. West Coast to the port of Naha in Okinawa, Japan.
Matson offers customers a weekly service to the port of Naha in Okinawa, Japan as part of the CLX service from three ports on the U.S. West Coast.
Micronesia and South Pacific Services: Matson’s Micronesia and South Pacific services have competition from a variety of local and international carriers that provide freight services to the area.
Customer Concentration:
Matson serves customers in numerous industries and carries a wide variety of cargo, mitigating its dependence upon any single customer or single type of cargo. The Company’s 10 largest Ocean Transportation customers account for approximately 15 percent of the Company’s Ocean Transportation revenue. For additional information on Ocean Transportation revenues for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
Seasonality:
Historically, Matson’s Ocean Transportation services have typically experienced seasonality in volume, generally following a pattern of increasing volume starting in the second quarter of each year, culminating in a peak season throughout the third quarter, with subsequent decline in demand during the fourth and first quarters. This seasonality trend is amplified in the Alaska service primarily due to winter weather and the timing of southbound seafood trade. As a result, earnings have tended to follow a similar pattern, offset by periodic vessel dry-docking and other episodic cost factors, which can lead to earnings variability. In addition, in the China trade, volume is typically driven primarily by U.S. consumer demand for goods during key retail selling seasons. Freight rates are impacted mainly by macro supply and demand variables.
Matson’s typical seasonal trends have been impacted by the global pandemic which resulted in elevated levels of demand experienced in our Ocean Transportation services during the second half of 2020 throughout 2021 and in the first half of 2022. Weakening economic conditions in the U.S., relatively high inflation and the impact of higher interest rates on household discretionary income may affect the demand for consumer goods in our markets, which could impact seasonal variability and demand for the Company’s Ocean Transportation services in 2023.
Maritime Laws and the Jones Act:
Maritime Laws: All interstate and intrastate marine commerce within the U.S. falls under the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (commonly referred to as the Jones Act).
The Jones Act is a long-standing cornerstone of U.S. maritime policy. Under the Jones Act, all vessels transporting cargo between covered U.S. ports must, subject to limited exceptions, be built in the U.S., registered under the U.S. flag, be manned predominantly by U.S. crews, and owned and operated by U.S.-organized companies that are controlled and 75 percent owned by U.S. citizens. U.S. flagged vessels are generally required to be maintained at higher standards than foreign-flagged vessels and are subject to rigorous supervision and inspections by, or on behalf of, the U.S. Coast Guard, which requires appropriate certifications and background checks of the crew members. Under Section 27 of the Jones
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Act, the carriage of cargo between the U.S. West Coast, Hawaii and Alaska on foreign-built or foreign-documented vessels is prohibited.
During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, approximately 39 percent, 41 percent and 62 percent, respectively, of Matson’s Ocean Transportation revenues came from the Hawaii and Alaska trades that were subject to the Jones Act. Matson’s Hawaii and Alaska trade routes are included within the non-contiguous Jones Act market. The commerce of both Hawaii, as an island economy, and Alaska, due to its geographical location, are dependent on ocean transportation. The Jones Act ensures frequent, reliable, roundtrip service to these locations. Matson’s vessels operating in these trade routes are Jones Act qualified and maintained in compliance with such requirements.
Matson is a member of the American Maritime Partnership (“AMP”), which supports the retention of the Jones Act and similar cabotage laws. The Jones Act has broad support from both houses of Congress and the Executive Branch. Matson believes that the geopolitical environment has further solidified political support for U.S. flagged vessels because a vital and dedicated U.S. merchant marine is a cornerstone for a strong homeland defense, as well as a critical source of trained U.S. mariners for wartime support. AMP seeks to inform elected officials and the public about the economic, national security, commercial, safety and environmental benefits of the Jones Act and similar cabotage laws. Repeal of the Jones Act would allow foreign-flagged vessel operators that do not have to abide by all U.S. laws and regulations to sail between U.S. ports in direct competition with Matson and other U.S. domestic operators that must comply with all such laws and regulations.
Other U.S. maritime laws require vessels operating between Guam, a U.S. territory, and U.S. ports to be U.S. flagged and predominantly U.S. crewed, but not U.S. built.
Cabotage laws are not unique to the United States, and similar laws exist around the world in over 90 countries, including regions in which Matson provides ocean transportation services. Any changes in such laws may have an impact on the services provided by Matson in those regions.
Rate Regulations and Fuel-Related Surcharges:
Matson is subject to the jurisdiction of the Surface Transportation Board with respect to its domestic ocean rates. A rate in the non-contiguous domestic trade is presumed reasonable and will not be subject to investigation if the aggregate of increases and decreases is not more than 7.5 percent above, or more than 10 percent below, the rate in effect one year before the effective date of the proposed rate, subject to increase or decrease by the percentage change in the U.S. Producer Price Index. Matson generally seeks to provide a 30-day notice to customers of any increases in general rates and other charges, and passes along decreases as soon as possible.
Matson’s Ocean Transportation services engaged in U.S.-foreign commerce are subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Maritime Commission (“FMC”). The FMC is a federal independent regulatory agency that is responsible for the regulation of international ocean-borne transportation to and from the U.S.
Matson applies a fuel-related surcharge rate to its Ocean Transportation customers. Matson’s fuel-related surcharge is correlated to market rates for fuel prices and other factors, and is intended to help Matson recover fuel-related expenses.
Other Environmental Regulations:
In addition to the vessel emission regulations discussed above, Matson’s operations are required to comply with other environmental regulations and requirements including the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation & Liability Act of 1980, the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, the Clean Water Act, the Invasive Species Act and the Clean Air Act. Matson is also subject to state regulations affecting terminal and vessel emissions, such as the requirement to shut down vessel generator engines while at berth at California ports and switch to shore electrical power or achieve equivalent emissions reductions. The Company actively monitors its operations for compliance with these and other regulations.
For more information on Matson’s environmental stewardship initiatives, including its environmental goals, see Matson’s Sustainability Report and other information available at https://www.matson.com/sustainability.
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(2) | LOGISTICS SEGMENT |
Logistics Services:
Matson Logistics provides the following services:
Transportation Brokerage Services: Matson Logistics provides intermodal rail, highway, and other third-party logistics services for North American customers and international ocean carrier customers, including MatNav. Matson Logistics creates award winning benefits and value for its customers through volume purchases of rail, motor carrier and ocean transportation services, augmented by services such as shipment tracking and tracing, accessibility to its private fleet of 53-foot intermodal containers and single-vendor invoicing. Matson Logistics operates customer service centers and has sales offices throughout North America.
Freight Forwarding Services: Matson Logistics provides LCL consolidation and freight forwarding services primarily to the Alaska market through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Span Intermediate, LLC (“Span Alaska”). Span Alaska’s business aggregates LCL freight at its cross-dock facility in Auburn, Washington for consolidation and shipment to its service center in Anchorage and a network of other facilities in Alaska. Span Alaska also provides trucking services to its Auburn cross-dock facility and from its Alaska based cross-dock facilities to final customer destinations in Alaska.
Warehousing and Distribution Services: Matson Logistics operates two warehouses in Georgia and two warehouses in Northern California providing warehousing, trans-loading, value-added packaging and distribution services.
Supply Chain Management and Other Services: Matson Logistics provides customers with a variety of logistics services including purchase order management, booking services, customs brokerage, LCL and full container load NVOCC freight forwarding services. Matson Logistics has supply chain operations in North America, China and other locations.
Operating Costs:
Matson Logistics’ operating costs primarily consist of the costs of purchased transportation, leases of warehouses, cross-dock and other facility operating costs, salaries and benefits, and other operating overhead.
Competition:
Matson Logistics competes with hundreds of local, regional, national and international companies that provide transportation and third-party logistics services. The industry is highly fragmented and, therefore, competition varies by geography and areas of service.
Matson Logistics’ transportation brokerage services compete most directly with C.H. Robinson Worldwide, Hub Group, RXO and other freight brokers and intermodal marketing companies, and asset-invested market leaders such as J.B. Hunt. Competition is differentiated by the depth, scale and scope of customer relationships; vendor relationships and rates; network capacity; real-time visibility into the movement of customers’ goods; and other technology solutions. Additionally, while Matson Logistics primarily provides surface transportation brokerage, it also competes to a lesser degree with other forms of transportation for the movement of cargo.
Matson Logistics’ freight forwarding services compete most directly with a variety of freight forwarding companies that operate within Alaska including Carlile, Lynden, American Fast Freight and Alaska Traffic Company.
Customer Concentration:
Matson Logistics serves customers in numerous industries and geographical locations. The Company’s 10 largest logistics customers account for approximately 18 percent of the Company’s Logistics revenue. For additional information on Logistics revenues for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
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Seasonality:
In general, Matson Logistics’ services are not significantly impacted by seasonality factors, with the exception of its freight forwarding service to Alaska which may be affected by winter weather and the seasonal nature of the tourism industry. However, the weakening economic conditions in the U.S., relatively high inflation and the impact of higher interest rates on household discretionary income may affect the demand for consumer goods, which could impact Matson’s Logistics businesses in 2023.
| C. | EMPLOYEES AND LABOR RELATIONS |
Human Capital Strategy:
In support of Matson’s vision to be a great place to work for all employees, the Company focuses on a variety of human capital programs that have been developed to attract, retain and motivate its employee workforce. As a company that operates in various global locations, the Company’s human capital programs are designed to reflect the unique market practices in each geographic location. The Company’s success depends in part on employing a diverse, talented and engaged workforce that reflects its local communities, supports an environment of high standards and performance, and thrives in the Company’s collaborative and respectful culture.
During 2022, Matson had 4,288 employees worldwide, of which 159 employees were based in international locations and 2,994 employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements with unions. These numbers include seagoing personnel who rotate through billets (as described below) and temporary employees, but do not include employees of SSAT or other non-employee affiliates such as agents and contractors. The composition of Matson’s workforce by geography is as follows:
Matson’s fleet of active vessels requires 331 billets to operate. Each billet corresponds to a position on a vessel that typically is filled by two or more employees because seagoing personnel rotate between active sea-duty and time ashore. These amounts exclude billets related to Matson’s foreign-flagged chartered vessels where the vessel owner is responsible for its seagoing personnel. Matson’s vessel management services also employed personnel in 32 billets to manage three U.S. government vessels.
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DE&I):
For many years, Matson has been committed to improving diversity, providing equal pay for equal work and creating an inclusive culture. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, traditionally the shipping industry’s workforce has been predominately represented by white males. While Matson’s workforce is representative of many of the communities where it operates, the Company has taken steps to do more to change the status quo within the Company and industry. In 2022, the Company continued to advance many of its diversity, equity and inclusion efforts. This includes continuing its efforts to analyze pay among various employee groups to confirm pay equity across the Company.
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As part of its overall DE&I strategy, Matson continues to focus on developing and promoting diverse individuals into leadership positions. The Company utilizes both internal and external learning and development programs to encourage and promote career opportunities within our diverse employee groups. In 2022, approximately two-thirds of Matson promotions in management roles were women and/or minority individuals.
Matson is also focused on supporting a more diverse talent pool over the long-term by encouraging women and minorities to pursue careers in the maritime and logistics sectors. To this end, in 2022 the Company established and awarded sixteen scholarships to diverse, high-achieving students at higher education institutions and maritime academies.
Matson has also worked to enhance employees’ understanding and perspective on working with diverse groups of individuals. In 2022, the Company provided two DE&I trainings to deepen employees’ understanding and appreciation for ways to improve interactions with others and promote more inclusive relationships. One training focused on ways people communicate that reinforce stereotypes and perpetuate discrimination, often unintentionally, called “microaggressions.” The other DE&I training provided a broad overview of general diversity, equity and inclusion principles – the “dos and don’ts” of respectful social interaction. These trainings were completed by more than 1,100 employees during the past year.
The composition of Matson’s domestic shoreside workforce by gender and race in 2022 is as follows (data for seagoing personnel is not available to the Company):
The composition of management positions within Matson’s domestic shoreside workforce by gender and race in 2022 is as follows (data for seagoing personnel is not available to the Company):
“Minority” in these graphs refers to any employee who self-identifies as such under the categories established by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Total Rewards Programs:
Matson provides a highly competitive and balanced total rewards program designed to attract, retain and motivate its employees. While factors such as job, location and business unit ultimately determine which plans an employee may be eligible for participation, the Company’s total rewards offering includes market competitive base salaries, cash and equity incentives, recognition awards, health and welfare benefits, and employee and employer funded retirement plans. The Company believes that management level positions should have a portion of pay aligned with its short- and long-term business objectives. Accordingly, the Company’s total rewards program contains several pay-for-performance components tied to individual, business unit and company performance, as well as Matson stock price performance.
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Succession and Career Planning:
Matson’s workforce is characterized by uniquely skilled, long-tenured employees. To create career pathways for future leaders while planning for the loss of retiring employees, the Company takes a proactive approach to succession and career planning. The Company focuses on providing the next generation of promising talent with the tools they need to build their own careers at Matson. In 2022, 44 percent of open positions were filled through internal promotions. The Company also provided approximately 3,500 hours of employee training and professional development opportunities, and tuition reimbursement programs, while giving annual performance reviews to its non-union workforce.
For more information on Matson’s human capital programs, see our Sustainability Report which is available at www.matson.com/sustainability.
Bargaining Agreements:
Matson’s shoreside and seagoing employees are represented by a variety of unions. As shown in the chart below, union employees comprise 70 percent of Matson’s global workforce.
Matson has collective bargaining agreements with these unions that expire at various dates in the future, including as early as 2023. Matson and SSAT are also members of the Pacific Maritime Association (“PMA”), which on behalf of its members negotiates collective bargaining agreements with the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (“ILWU”) on the U.S. West Coast. The PMA/ILWU collective bargaining agreements cover substantially all U.S. West Coast longshore labor. The ILWU collective bargaining agreement with the PMA expired on July 1, 2022. While Matson believes that it will be able to renegotiate these collective bargaining agreements as they expire without any significant impact on its operations, including the PMA/ILWU collective bargaining agreement, no assurance can be given that such agreements will be reached on a timely basis or at all without slow-downs, strikes, lockouts or other disruptions that may adversely impact Matson’s operations.
Multi-employer Pension and Post-retirement Plans:
Matson contributes to several multi-employer pension and post-retirement plans. Matson has no present intention of withdrawing from and does not anticipate the termination of any of the multi-employer pension plans to which it contributes (see Notes 11 and 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below for a discussion of withdrawal liabilities under certain multi-employer pension plans).
| D. | AVAILABLE INFORMATION |
Matson makes available, free of charge on or through its Internet website, Matson’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after it electronically files such material with, or furnishes them to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The address of Matson’s Internet website is www.matson.com. This website and other websites included in this document are provided for convenience only, and the contents of such websites do not constitute a part of and are not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
The SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding Matson and other issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC’s Internet website is www.sec.gov.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The following material factors, events and uncertainties may make an investment in the Company speculative or risky and should be reviewed carefully. The Company’s business faces the material risks set forth below; however, these risk factors do not identify all risks the Company faces, and additional risks or uncertainties that are currently unknown or are not currently believed to be material may occur or become material. The occurrence of these or the events and uncertainties described below may, in ways the Company may not be able to accurately predict, recognize or control, adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results, cash flows, liquidity, demand, revenue, growth, prospects, reputation or stock price. All forward-looking statements made by the Company or on the Company’s behalf are qualified by the risks described below.
Risks Related to the Jones Act
Repeal, substantial amendment, or waiver of the Jones Act or its application would have an adverse effect on the Company’s business.
The Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (commonly referred to as the Jones Act) regulates all interstate and intrastate marine commerce within the U.S. If the Jones Act were repealed, substantially amended or waived and, as a consequence, competitors were to enter the Hawaii or Alaska markets with lower operating costs by utilizing their ability to acquire and operate foreign-flagged and foreign-built vessels and/or being exempt from other U.S. regulations, the Company’s business would be adversely affected. In addition, the Company’s position as a U.S. citizen operator of Jones Act vessels would be negatively impacted if periodic efforts and attempts by foreign interests to circumvent certain aspects of the Jones Act were successful. If maritime cabotage services were included in the General Agreement on Trade in Services, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or other international trade agreements, or if the restrictions contained in the Jones Act were otherwise altered, the shipping of cargo between covered U.S. ports could be opened to foreign-flagged or foreign-built vessels and could have other adverse impacts to our business.
The Company’s business would be adversely affected if the Company were determined not to be a U.S. citizen under the Jones Act.
Certain provisions of the Company’s articles of incorporation protect the Company’s ability to maintain its status as a U.S. citizen under the Jones Act. If non-U.S. citizens were able to defeat such articles of incorporation restrictions and own in the aggregate more than 25 percent of the Company’s common stock, the Company would no longer be considered a U.S. citizen under the Jones Act. Such an event could result in the Company’s ineligibility to engage in coastwise trade and the imposition of substantial penalties against it, including seizure or forfeiture of its vessels.
Risks Related to the Company’s Operations
Changes in macroeconomic conditions, geopolitical developments, or governmental policies, including from the COVID-19 pandemic, have affected and could in the future affect the Company.
The transportation industry in which the Company operates has been impacted by fluctuations, volatility, downturns, inflation, recessions and other economic shifts or market instabilities, as well as the development of and changes in governmental policies and relations and geopolitical developments, across the jurisdictions in which it operates. For example, there have been increases in geopolitical and trade tensions among a number of the world’s major economies. These tensions have resulted in the implementation of tariffs, non-tariff trade barriers and sanctions, including the use of export control restrictions and sanctions against certain countries and individual companies, which have, and may continue to have, an adverse economic impact in the markets in which the Company operates.
These adverse economic conditions may also impact customers’ business levels and needs. Within the U.S., a weakening of economic drivers in Hawaii, Alaska and Guam, which include tourism, military spending, construction, personal income growth and employment, the weakening of consumer confidence, market demand, and the economy in the U.S. Mainland, inflation, rising interest rates, recessionary fears and the effect of a change in the strength of the U.S. dollar against other foreign currencies may reduce the demand for goods, adversely affecting inland and ocean transportation volumes or rates. In addition, overcapacity in the global or transpacific ocean transportation markets, a change in the cost of goods or currency exchange rates, pressure from U.S. or foreign governments, imposition of tariffs
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and uncertainties regarding tariff rates or a change in international trade policies could adversely affect freight volumes and rates in the Company’s CLX and CLX+ services.
Fluctuations in the price of oil could further impact the Alaskan economy, which in turn could impact the Company’s business. In addition, the global macroeconomic effects of the pandemic and related impacts on the Company’s customers’ business operations, including financial difficulties or bankruptcies, may persist for an indefinite period, even as the pandemic subsides.
As the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, supply and demand trends normalize, and supply chain congestion eases, the high volumes and rates the Company previously experienced in its China service have declined, but the Company cannot predict the size and duration of such decline. These declines have reduced and are expected to continue to reduce revenues, but certain fixed costs remain. For example, the Company cannot terminate leases early for chartered vessels in the CLX+ service absent a breach by vessel owners.
The Company’s operations may be further impacted if its employees, including mariners aboard our vessels, are otherwise restricted from or unable to perform their duties, the Company’s or SSAT’s terminals are temporarily closed, or there are outbreaks aboard the Company’s vessels that cause the Company to miss port calls, due to a COVID-19 outbreak. Some vessel dry-dockings could also be delayed or become more expensive if shipyards are unable to accommodate demand or obtain parts in a timely manner or if necessary personnel are not allowed to travel to the shipyards.
As the COVID-19 pandemic reaches endemic stages, the future impact on the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows remains difficult to predict at this time. Additional or unforeseen effects from COVID-19, including resurgences or mutations of the virus and the actions taken in response to the virus, may give rise to additional risks or instigate or amplify the other risks described throughout these Risk Factors.
The shipping industry is competitive, and the Company has been impacted by new or increased competition.
The Company may face new competition by established or start-up shipping operators that enter the Company’s markets. The shipping industry is competitive with limited barriers to entry, especially in international tradelanes. Ocean carriers can shift vessels in and out of tradelanes or charter vessels to manage capacity and meet customer demands. The entry of a new competitor or the addition of new vessels or capacity by existing competition on any of the Company’s routes could result in a significant increase in available shipping capacity that could have an adverse effect on the Company’s volumes and rates.
The loss of or damage to key customer or agent relationships may adversely affect the Company’s business.
The Company’s businesses are dependent on their relationships with customers and agents, and derive a significant portion of their revenues from the Company’s largest customers. The Company’s business relies on its relationships with the U.S. military, freight forwarders and non-vessel owning common carriers, large retailers and consumer goods manufacturers, as well as other larger customers. For more information regarding the Company’s significant customers, see the discussion in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report.
The Company could also be adversely affected by any changes in the services, or changes to the costs of services, provided by third-party vendors such as railroads, truckers, terminals, agents and shipping companies, including charter vessel owners. Service structures and relationships with these parties are important in the Company’s intermodal business, as well as in the China, Guam, Micronesia, Japan, Alaska export and South Pacific services.
The loss of or damage to any of these key relationships may adversely affect the Company’s business and revenue.
The Company is dependent upon key vendors and third parties for equipment, capacity, facilities, infrastructure and services essential to operate its business, and if the Company fails to secure sufficient third-party services, its business could be adversely affected.
The Company’s businesses are dependent upon key vendors who provide terminal, rail, truck, and ocean transportation services. If the Company cannot secure sufficient transportation equipment, capacity or services from these third parties at reasonable prices or rates to meet its or its customers’ needs and schedules, customers may seek to have their
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transportation and logistics needs met by others on a temporary or permanent basis. If this were to occur, the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
An increase in fuel prices, changes in the Company’s ability to collect fuel-related surcharges, and/or the cost or limited availability of required fuels on the U.S. West Coast may adversely affect the Company’s profits.
Fuel is a significant operating expense for the Company’s Ocean Transportation business. The price and supply of fuel are unpredictable and fluctuate based on events beyond the Company’s control, including impacts from global macroeconomic conditions and geopolitical events. Increases in the price of fuel may adversely affect the Company’s results of operations. Increases in fuel costs also can lead to increases in other expenses, such as energy costs and costs to purchase outside transportation services. In the Company’s Ocean Transportation and Logistics services segments, the Company utilizes fuel-related surcharges, although increases in the fuel-related surcharge may adversely affect the Company’s competitive position and may not correspond exactly with the timing of increases in fuel expense. Changes in the Company’s ability to collect fuel-related surcharges, including recovery of all or most fuel-related expenses, also may adversely affect its results of operations.
Evolving stakeholder expectations related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters exposes the Company to heightened scrutiny, additional costs, operational challenges and a number of risks.
Investors, advisory firms, employees, customers, suppliers, governments and other stakeholders are increasingly focused on, and establishing expectations for, ESG matters and related corporate practices, disclosures and initiatives. These evolving expectations may impact the Company’s reputation, business and attractiveness as an investment, employer or business partner to the extent the Company – including its initiatives, goals and reporting – meets or is perceived to meet those expectations, including as a result of any third-party rating or assessment. The adoption and expansion of ESG-related legislation and regulation have also resulted and may again result in increased capital expenditures and compliance, operational and other costs to the Company.
The Company’s public disclosures on its climate, sustainability, human capital and other ESG initiatives include its goals or expectations with respect to those matters, including GHG emission reduction targets. These disclosures are aspirational and based on standards and frameworks for presenting and measuring progress that are not harmonized and are still developing, assumptions that may change, and disclosure controls and procedures that continue to evolve. The Company’s initiatives and goals may not be favored by certain stakeholders and could impact the attraction and retention of investors, customers and employees, as well as the Company’s willingness to do business with other companies or customers or their willingness to do business with us. Efforts to achieve the Company’s initiatives and goals face numerous risks and may be unsuccessful, result in additional costs or experience delays, and as a result may have an adverse impact on the Company, including its brand, reputation and stock price.
The Company may not be timely or successful in completing its fleet upgrade initiatives, which may result in significant costs and adversely impact the Company’s ability to meet its climate goals.
The Company’s four new Aloha and Kanaloa class vessels include dual fuel capable engines that can run on low sulfur fuel oil or LNG. The Company has announced plans to install tanks, piping and cryogenic equipment on Daniel K. Inouye and Kaimana Hila, and re-engine Manukai to operate on LNG. In addition, the Company has announced plans to construct three new LNG-ready Aloha Class vessels. The Company anticipates making significant capital expenditures in connection with these fleet initiatives. These initiatives may be hindered by substantial delays and long lead times for necessary equipment, including as a result of ongoing supply chain congestion, other residual impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, increased demand across the industry for LNG installations and conversions, and new ship-building. Additional operating costs may be incurred to the extent additional ships are needed to maintain schedule integrity while such updates and installations are performed. Once completed, operation of these vessels may be slowed to the extent they present new maintenance requirements or unforeseen complications.
Use of LNG fuel may not result in anticipated GHG emission reductions, and the Company’s investments in LNG-ready vessels, whether on their own or in addition to other Company initiatives, may be insufficient to meet the Company’s previously announced GHG emission reduction goals on a timely basis or at all. There is no guarantee that the Company will be able to secure LNG via bunker barges or other methods on the U.S. West Coast or in China in sufficient amounts to fuel its vessels or at a reasonable cost, as increased demand for LNG could decrease available supply of LNG and
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increase prices. Governments have in the past and may again in the future impose tariffs on LNG that also may increase supply costs. As a result of these risks, the Company may not fully realize the benefits of these investments.
The Company’s vessel construction agreements with Philly Shipyard subject the Company to risks.
On November 1, 2022, MatNav and Philly Shipyard entered into vessel construction agreements pursuant to which Philly Shipyard will construct three new 3,600-TEU Aloha Class dual-fuel capable containerships, with expected delivery dates during the fourth quarter of 2026 and subsequent deliveries currently expected in the second and fourth quarters of 2027. Failure of any party to the vessel construction agreements to fulfill its obligations under the agreements could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations. Such a failure could happen for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to (i) delivery delays, (ii) delivery of vessels that fail to meet any of the required operating specifications (for example, capacity, fuel efficiency or speed), (iii) events in South Korea that prevent one or more significant subcontractors to Philly Shipyard from performing, (iv) loss of key personnel at either Philly Shipyard or any of its subcontractors, (v) work stoppages or other labor disruptions that may occur as a result of the failure of Philly Shipyard to negotiate collective bargaining agreements with its unions, or (vi) the insolvency of, or the refusal or inability to perform for any reason, by Philly Shipyard or any of its subcontractors. Significant delays in the delivery of the new vessels could limit our ability to replace aging vessels in the Alaska service without substantial modifications, which could also have an adverse impact on our business plans, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company’s operations are susceptible to weather, natural disasters, maritime accidents, spill events and other physical and operating risks, including those arising from climate change.
As a maritime transportation company, the Company’s operations are vulnerable to disruption as a result of weather, natural disasters and other climate-driven events, such as rising temperatures, sea levels and storm severity, bad weather at sea, hurricanes, typhoons, tsunamis, floods and earthquakes, as well as a maritime accident, oil or other spill, or other environmental mishap. Climate change has increased and may continue to increase the frequency, severity and uncertainty of such events. Such events interfere with the Company’s ability to provide on-time scheduled service, resulting in increased expenses and potential loss of business associated with such events. In addition, severe weather and natural disasters can result in interference with the Company’s terminal operations and may cause serious damage to its vessels and cranes. These impacts could be particularly acute in ports such as Dutch Harbor and Kodiak, Alaska where the Company is dependent on a single crane. The Company’s vessels and their cargoes are also subject to operating risks such as mechanical failure, collisions and human error.
The occurrence of any of these events may result in damage to or loss of terminals, port facilities and infrastructure, vessels, containers, cargo and other equipment, increased maintenance expense, loss of life or physical injury to its employees or people, pollution, or the slow down or suspension of operations. These events can expose the Company to reputational harm and liability for resulting damages and possible penalties that, pursuant to typical maritime industry policies, it must pay and then seek reimbursement from its insurer. Affected vessels may also be removed from service and thus would be unavailable for income-generating activity. Furthermore, the Port of Alaska requires upgrades to its port facilities and infrastructure to improve operational safety and efficiency, accommodate modern shipping operations and improve resiliency, as well as to mitigate the risk of failure due to corrosion or loss of load-bearing capacity. As a result, there is an increased risk that an earthquake or other natural disaster could damage or render inoperable, in whole or in part, port facilities and infrastructure at the Port of Alaska. This, in turn, could adversely affect transportation volumes or rates in Alaska and adversely impact the Company’s Ocean Transportation business and Span Alaska’s freight forwarding business, particularly given the Alaskan economy’s dependence on this port for ocean cargo.
The Company’s casualty and liability insurance policies are generally subject to large retentions and deductibles and may not cover all losses the Company may incur. Some types of losses, such as losses resulting from a port blockage, generally are not insured. In some cases, the Company retains the entire risk of loss because it is not economically prudent to purchase insurance coverage or because of the perceived remoteness of the risk. Other risks are uninsured because insurance coverage may not be commercially available. Finally, the Company retains all risk of loss that exceeds the limits of its insurance.
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The Company may be impacted by transitional and other risks arising from climate change.
The Company may be impacted by transitional and other risks arising from climate change and the global shift toward a low carbon future. Organizational, industrial and governmental shifts in operations as well as legal and regulatory requirements to reduce or eliminate emissions and/or increase efficiency may require the Company to increase expenditures, make changes to existing infrastructure, vessels and equipment and shift its business model. For example, the maritime industry is moving toward deployment of clean energy technologies and use of electricity powered by renewable energy sources to power terminal operations as a way to reduce shoreside GHG emissions. As the Company and SSAT increase their reliance on the power grid at terminals, including for cold-ironing and ground service fleets, the Company may experience increased risks related to power outages, brown outs or black outs. The likelihood of these risks is compounded by uncertainties regarding the reliability of renewable energy sources as well as any increased frequency of extreme weather events that may disrupt the generation or transmission of electricity. In addition, compliance with new climate change requirements or regulations such as the IMO’s requirements related to EEXI and CII may create schedule disruptions and could require Matson’s fleet to slow down if efficiency improvements or transitions to alternative fuels together are not enough to reduce GHG emissions sufficiently, thus impacting Matson’s expedited business model and competitive advantage. New environmental requirements for vessel performance and operation could also require the Company to accelerate the building of new vessels, increase the construction costs for new vessels and equipment to accommodate even newer technology as it emerges while today’s technology becomes obsolete, initiate unexpected retrofit projects for existing vessels, retire older vessels earlier than expected, or render reserve vessels unusable. If these outcomes were to occur, the Company’s business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be adversely affected.
The Company faces risks related to actual or threatened health epidemics, pandemics or other major health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which could significantly disrupt the Company’s business.
The Company’s business could be impacted adversely by the effects of public health epidemics, pandemics or other major heath crises (which the Company refers to collectively as public health crises). Actual or threatened public health crises may have a number of adverse impacts, including volatility in the global economy, impacts to the Company’s customers’ business operations, reduced tourism in the markets the Company serves, potential restrictions on employee travel, or significant disruptions in ocean-borne transportation of goods, logistics demand and supply chain activity, caused by a variety of factors such as quarantines, factory and office closures, port closures, or other government-imposed restrictions, any of which could adversely impact the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
The Company’s significant operating agreements and leases could be replaced on less favorable terms or may not be replaced on acceptable terms.
The significant operating agreements and leases entered into by the Company in its businesses, including those related to terminals, chartered vessels and warehouses as well as those with SSAT, expire at various points in time and may not be replaced with comparable assets with the specifications necessary for the Company’s or SSAT’s businesses or could be replaced on less favorable terms, thereby adversely affecting the Company’s future financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
The Company may face unexpected dry-docking or repair costs for its vessels.
The Company routinely engage shipyards to dry-dock its vessels for regulatory compliance and to provide repair and maintenance. Vessels may also have to be dry-docked or repaired at sea in the event of accidents or other unforeseen damage. Unexpected dry-dockings or repairs could require the Company to activate a reserve vessel, purchase additional fuel and operate a less-efficient, smaller vessel for a period of time. The Company also operates a number of older active and reserve vessels that may require more frequent and extensive maintenance. The cost of repairs is difficult to predict with certainty and can be substantial. In addition, the time when a vessel is out of service for maintenance is determined by a number of factors, including regulatory deadlines, market conditions, shipyard availability and customer requirements, and accordingly, the length of time that a vessel may be out of service may be longer than anticipated, which could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
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The Company is involved in a joint venture and is subject to risks associated with joint venture relationships.
The Company is involved in a terminal joint venture with SSAT (and through SSAT, other joint ventures at various U.S. West Coast terminals), and may initiate future joint venture projects. A joint venture involves certain risks for the Company such as:
| ● | The Company’s lack of voting control over the joint venture, including the risk that the joint venture takes actions resulting in reputational harm to the Company; |
| ● | Misalignment or inconsistency of interests between the Company and the joint venture partner; |
| ● | Reliance on the joint venture partner to fund its share of capital or fulfill its other commitments, including the risk that the joint venture partner could become bankrupt; and |
| ● | Operating difficulties and financial losses at the joint venture, which may lead to the Company writing down assets or incurring impairment charges. |
In addition, the Company relies on SSAT for its stevedoring services at the ports of Long Beach and Oakland, California and Tacoma, Washington on the U.S. West Coast. The Company could be adversely affected by any changes in the services provided or to the costs of such services provided by SSAT. Furthermore, the Company’s results of operations have been and may continue to be impacted by lower contributions from SSAT, including as a result of declines in detention and demurrage revenue and lift volumes due to reduced carrier volumes into U.S. West Coast ports.
The Company is subject to risks associated with conducting business in foreign shipping markets.
Matson’s China, Alaska export, Micronesia, Japan and South Pacific services are subject to risks associated with conducting business in a foreign shipping market, which include:
| ● | Challenges associated with operating in foreign countries and developing relationships with foreign companies, business associates and governments, including as a result of cultural differences; |
| ● | Difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, including dynamic employment and immigration laws; |
| ● | The Company’s ability to comply with U.S. and foreign legal and regulatory restrictions, including anti-corruption laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; |
| ● | Not having continued access to existing port facilities or feeder vessels; |
| ● | The Company’s ability to manage changes in the cost of goods or currency exchange rate fluctuations; |
| ● | Geopolitical and economic instability; |
| ● | Economic downturns or slower growth in the local markets or geographic areas in which we conduct business; and |
| ● | Dynamics involving U.S. trade relations with other countries, including the imposition of or uncertainty associated with the level of tariffs, non-tariff trade barriers or sanctions, including the use of export control restrictions and sanctions against certain countries and individual companies, or other governmental actions. |
The Company’s terminals in Hawaii and Alaska require modernization.
The Company has completed the first phase of renovating and modernizing its Sand Island terminal in Honolulu Harbor. Significant additional upgrades and projects remain. The Company is also continuing discussions with state and local authorities regarding a port modernization program for the Port of Alaska. Significant upgrades to the terminal and port facilities are needed to improve operational safety and efficiency, accommodate modern shipping operations, and improve resiliency. For example, the aging docks of the port are increasingly exposed to the risk of failure due to corrosion and the loss of load-bearing capacity particularly in the event of extreme seismic events or other natural disasters. Regulatory, construction or other delays or cost overruns related to the expansion and modernization of the terminals could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business plans, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the terminal modernization programs may not result in improved operational productivity or generate expected returns.
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Heightened security measures, war, actual or threatened terrorist attacks, efforts to combat terrorism and other acts of violence may adversely impact the Company’s operations and profitability.
War, including the war in Ukraine, terrorist attacks and other acts of violence may cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease, or may affect the ability or willingness of tourists to travel to Hawaii, Guam or Alaska, thereby adversely affecting those economies and the Company. Wars or terrorism could impact global supply chains due to changes in vessel routing, product sourcing decisions, or governmental sanctions or restrictions. Additionally, acts of war and future terrorist attacks could increase volatility in the U.S. and worldwide financial markets. Acts of war or terrorism may also be directed at the Company’s shipping operations or may cause the U.S. government to take control of Matson’s vessels for military operation. Heightened security measures, including customs inspections and related procedures in countries of origin and destination, potentially slow the movement and increase the cost of freight through U.S. or foreign ports, across borders or on U.S. or foreign railroads or highways.
Acquisitions may have an adverse effect on the Company’s business.
The Company’s growth strategy includes expansion through acquisitions, including, for example, the Company’s acquisitions of Horizon Lines, Inc. (“Horizon”) in 2015 and Span Alaska in 2016. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in identifying, negotiating, or consummating any future acquisitions. Even if suitable candidates are identified, such transactions may result in difficulties in assimilating acquired assets or companies, and may result in the diversion of the Company’s capital and its management attention from other business issues and opportunities. The Company may not be able to integrate companies that it acquires successfully, including their personnel, financial systems, distribution, operations and general operating procedures. The Company may also encounter challenges in achieving appropriate internal control over financial reporting in connection with the integration of an acquired company. The Company may pay a premium for an acquisition, resulting in goodwill that may later be determined to be impaired.
Risks Related to Employees
Work stoppages or other labor disruptions caused by the Company’s unionized workers and other workers or their unions in related industries could adversely affect the Company’s operations.
A significant portion of Matson’s employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. Furthermore, the Company relies on the services of third parties, including SSAT, which employ persons covered by collective bargaining agreements. For additional information on collective bargaining agreements with unions, see Item 1.C. Employees and Labor Relations of Part I of this Annual Report.
The Company has been adversely affected by actions taken by employees of the Company or other companies in related industries against efforts by management of the Company or other companies to control labor costs, restrain wage or benefit increases or modify work practices. In the past, strikes, slow-downs and disruptions have occurred as a result of the failure of Matson or other companies in its industry to negotiate collective bargaining agreements with such unions successfully.
Matson and SSAT are members of the PMA, which on behalf of its members negotiates collective bargaining agreements with the ILWU on the U.S. West Coast. The PMA/ILWU collective bargaining agreements that cover substantially all U.S. West Coast longshore labor expired on July 1, 2022. These collective bargaining agreements are being negotiated, but if such agreements are not renewed, Matson and SSAT could be subject to future slow-downs, strikes, lock-outs or other disruptions that may adversely impact Matson’s or SSAT’s operations.
In addition, any slow-downs, strikes, lock-outs or other disruptions, including limits on the availability of labor through trade union hiring halls, have had and in the future, particularly in years when collective bargaining agreements are being negotiated, could have an adverse impact on Matson’s or SSAT’s operations.
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Loss of the Company’s key personnel or failure to adequately manage human capital could adversely affect its business.
The Company’s future success will depend, in significant part, upon the continued services of its key personnel and skilled employees, including its senior management, as well as key personnel at its joint venture partners. The permanent or temporary loss of the services of key personnel could adversely affect the Company’s future operating results because of such employees’ experience with and knowledge of the Company’s business and customer relationships. If key personnel and skilled employees depart or are unable or unwilling to work, the Company’s ability to execute its business model could be impaired to the extent it cannot replace such personnel or sufficiently train new personnel in a timely manner. In addition, the Company may incur significant costs to replace these employees. Whether the Company can meet its labor needs is subject to a variety of pressures, including market compensation and benefit levels, which may be impacted by pressure within the industry to increase wages, including due to the threat of a labor strike; the availability of labor, which may be impacted by national and global labor trends including higher-than-normal levels of individuals leaving the workforce and industry trends including aging workforces that may reduce the available pool of skilled workers; a mismatch of skills or experience to support the evolving needs of the Company’s business; and employee expectations or desire for changes in the work environment. In addition, the Company’s workforce is aging, and within the next few years an increasing number of employees will be eligible to retire, which may result in a period of higher turnover rates than we have historically experienced and could amplify these challenges. The Company does not maintain key person insurance on any of its key personnel.
The Company’s investments in and efforts to manage its human capital and maintain a desirable workplace culture, including to create a safe and healthy work environment, improve diversity and create a respectful, responsive and inclusive culture, and foster a rewarding workplace for employee development and advancement, may not be successful in identifying, attracting, developing, motivating, retaining, competing for or replacing qualified personnel. These efforts and the Company’s reputation may also be impacted by any failure or perceived failure to meet or timely progress on publicly disclosed human capital-related goals and initiatives, including with respect to diversity, equity and inclusion, or to compare favorably with the progress or goals of its industry or peers.
Risks Related to Information Technology
If the Company is not able to use its information technology and communications systems effectively, the Company’s ability to conduct business might be negatively impacted.
The Company is highly dependent on the proper functioning of its information technology systems to enable operations and compete effectively. The Company regularly updates its information technology systems or implements new systems, which could cause substantial business interruption. There is no assurance that the systems upgrades or new systems will meet the Company’s current or future business needs, or that they will operate as designed.
The Company’s information technology systems also rely on third-party service providers for access to the Internet, satellite-based communications systems, the electric grid, database storage facilities and telecommunications providers. The Company has no control over the operations of these third-party service providers. In the past, disruptions in the Company’s third-party service providers have impacted the Company’s operations, including the Company’s ability to book and manage freight, stow vessels, and process customs declarations. In the past, some of the Company’s employees worked from home or remotely, increasing the Company’s dependence on its information technology systems and third-party providers during those times. If the Company’s information technology and communications systems experience reliability issues, integration or compatibility concerns or if the Company’s third-party providers are unable to perform effectively or experience disruptions or failures, there could be an adverse impact on the availability and functioning of the Company’s information technology and communications systems, which could lead to business disruption or inefficiencies, reputational harm or loss of customers.
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The Company’s information technology systems have in the past and may in the future be exposed to cybersecurity risks and other disruptions that could impair the Company’s ability to operate and adversely affect its business.
The shipping industry is a more frequent target of cyber attacks than some other industries because of the essential nature of these services. The Company relies extensively on its information technology systems and third-party service providers in many aspects of its business, including cloud services for accounting, billing, disbursement, cargo booking and tracking, vessel scheduling and stowage, equipment tracking, customer service, banking, payroll and employee communication systems. The Company also collects, stores and transmits sensitive data, including its proprietary business information and that of its customers, and personally identifiable information of its customers and employees. Despite the Company’s continuous efforts to make investments in the Company’s information technology systems and system-wide data security program, the implementation of security measures to protect the Company’s data and infrastructure against breaches and other cyber threats, and the Company’s use of internal processes and controls designed to protect the security and availability of the Company’s systems, the Company has in the past experienced and may in the future experience cybersecurity incidents, such as computer viruses, hacking, malware, denial of service attacks, cyber terrorism, ransomware, circumvention of security systems, malfeasance, breaches due to employee error, natural disasters, telecommunications failure, or other catastrophic events at the Company’s facilities, aboard its vessels or at third-party locations.
Any failure, breach or unauthorized access to the Company’s systems or those of third parties on which the Company relies could result in the loss of confidential, sensitive or proprietary information, interruptions in its service or production or otherwise impact the Company’s ability to conduct business operations, and could result in potential reductions in revenue and profits, damage to its reputation or liability.
Risks Related to Financial Matters
A deterioration of the Company’s credit profile, disruptions of the credit markets or higher interest rates could restrict its ability to access the debt capital markets or increase the cost of debt.
Deterioration in the Company’s credit profile may have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to access the private or public debt markets and also may increase its borrowing costs. If the Company’s credit profile deteriorates significantly, its access to the debt capital markets or its ability to renew its committed lines of credit may become restricted, or the Company may not be able to refinance debt at the same levels or on the same terms. Because the Company relies on its ability to draw on its revolving credit facility to support its operations when required, any volatility in the credit and financial markets that prevents the Company from accessing funds (for example, a lender that does not fulfill its lending obligation) could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and cash flows. Additionally, the Company’s credit agreements generally include an increase in borrowing rates if the Company’s credit profile deteriorates. Furthermore, the Company incurs interest under its revolving credit facility based on floating rates. Floating rate debt creates higher debt service requirements if market interest rates increase, as has been the case in connection with the U.S. Federal Reserve’s interest rate increases in 2022, which could adversely affect the Company’s cash flow and results of operations. Disruptions to the credit markets as a result of macroeconomic, geopolitical, or financial market developments could increase the Company’s cost of capital and limit the Company’s access to capital.
Failure to comply with certain restrictive financial covenants contained in the Company’s credit facilities could preclude the payment of dividends, impose restrictions on the Company’s business segments, capital resources or other activities or otherwise adversely affect the Company.
The Company’s credit facilities contain certain restrictive financial covenants, the most restrictive of which include a maximum ratio of debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), a minimum ratio of EBITDA to interest expense, certain prohibitions on additional priority debt and the maintenance of minimum shareholders’ equity. If the Company does not maintain these and other required covenants, and a breach of such covenants is not cured timely or waived by the lenders, resulting in a default, the Company’s access to credit may be limited or terminated, dividends may be suspended, and the lenders could declare any outstanding amounts due and payable. The Company’s continued ability to borrow under its credit facilities is subject to compliance with these financial and other non-financial covenants.
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The Company’s effective income tax rate may vary.
Various internal and external factors may have favorable or unfavorable material or immaterial effects on the Company’s effective income tax rate and, therefore, impact the Company’s net income and earnings per share. These factors include, but are not limited to changes in tax rates; changes in tax laws, regulations, and rulings; changes in interpretations of existing tax laws, regulations and rulings; changes in the evaluation of the Company’s ability to realize deferred tax assets, and changes in uncertain tax positions; changes in accounting principles; changes in current pre-tax income as well as changes in forecasted pre-tax income; changes in the level of Capital Construction Fund (“CCF”) deductions, non-deductible expenses, and expenses eligible for tax credits; changes in the mix of earnings among countries with varying tax rates; changes to the allowable amounts of foreign derived intangible income deductions; and acquisitions and changes in the Company’s corporate structure. These factors may result in periodic revisions to the Company’s effective income tax rate, which could affect the Company’s cash flow and results of operations.
Changes in the value of pension assets, or a change in pension law or key assumptions, may adversely affect the Company’s financial performance.
The amount of the Company’s employee pension and post-retirement benefit costs and obligations is calculated on assumptions used in the relevant actuarial calculations. Adverse changes in any of these assumptions due to economic or other factors, changes in discount rates, higher health care costs, or lower actual or expected returns on plan assets, may adversely affect the Company’s operating results, cash flows, and financial condition. In addition, a change in federal law, including changes to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act or Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation premiums, may adversely affect the Company’s single-employer and multi-employer pension plans and plan funding. These factors, as well as a decline in the fair value of pension plan assets, may put upward pressure on the cost of providing pension and medical benefits and may increase future pension expense and required funding contributions. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in limiting future cost and expense increases, and continued upward pressure in costs and expenses could further reduce the profitability of the Company’s businesses.
The Company may have exposure under its multi-employer pension and post-retirement plans in which it participates that extends beyond its funding obligation with respect to the Company’s employees.
The Company contributes to various multi-employer pension plans. In the event of a partial or complete withdrawal by the Company from any plan that is underfunded, the Company would be liable for a proportionate share of such plan’s unfunded vested benefits (see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report). Based on the limited information available from plan administrators, which the Company cannot independently validate, the Company believes that its portion of the contingent liability in the case of a full withdrawal or termination may be material to its financial position and results of operations. If any other contributing employer withdraws from any plan that is underfunded, and such employer (or any member of its controlled group) cannot satisfy its obligations under the plan at the time of withdrawal, then the Company, along with the other remaining contributing employers, would be liable for its proportionate share of such plan’s unfunded vested benefits. In addition, if any of the multi-employer plans to which the Company contributes fails to satisfy the minimum funding requirements, the Internal Revenue Service will impose certain penalties and taxes on the Company and other contributing employers.
Risks Related to Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Matters
As an ocean transportation and logistics services company, the Company is subject to numerous safety, environmental, and other laws and regulations that impact the Company’s operations, are costly to comply with and expose us to liability.
The Company, including its vessels and terminals, is subject to numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations, including those related to safety, cabotage, equipment standards and government rates. In addition, the Company is subject to environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to air quality initiatives at port locations; air emissions; use of shore power at California ports; wastewater discharges; management of storm water; the transportation, handling and disposal of solid and hazardous materials, oil and oil related products, hazardous substances and wastes; the investigation and remediation of contamination; health, safety and the protection of the environment and natural resources; and climate change, including any regulations, mandates or restrictions related to GHG emissions, such as a “cap and trade” system of allowances and credits, and energy use. Any changes in applicable laws and regulations, including their enforcement, interpretation or implementation that results in more stringent requirements
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than currently anticipated, as well as any new laws and regulations that are adopted could impose significant additional costs and limitations on the Company’s ability to operate. Mitigation strategies or contingency plans to remain in compliance with applicable laws and regulations may be unsuccessful, result in additional costs or experience delays. Such costs may not be recoverable through increased payments from customers. For a discussion of specific laws and regulations, see Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report.
Federal, state and local laws and regulations require us to obtain certificates of financial responsibility and to adopt procedures for oil and hazardous substance spill prevention, response and clean up, among other requirements impacting the Company’s business. In complying with applicable laws and regulations, the Company has incurred expenses and may incur material future costs and expenses related to vessel and equipment modifications, new equipment, higher-priced fuel, changes in operating practices and procedures, tracking emissions, changing routes, adopting or modifying energy sources and undergoing additional oversight inspections, all of which could adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition. For example, Matson’s vessels operate within emissions control areas, and the Company’s U.S. flagged vessels generally must be maintained “in class” and are subject to periodic inspections by the American Bureau of Shipping or similar classification societies. They also must be periodically inspected by, or on behalf of, the United States Coast Guard. The Company’s vessels’ operating certificates and licenses are renewed periodically during the required annual surveys of the vessels, but there is no assurance that the Company’s programs and policies will be sufficient to have such certificates and licenses renewed. The EPA also requires vessels to obtain coverage under a general permit and to comply with inspection, monitoring, discharge, recordkeeping and reporting requirements.
These laws and regulations provide for substantial fines, as well as criminal and civil penalties, in the event of any violations of, or non-compliance with, their requirements (including any waivers, permits or recordkeeping and other reporting requirements). Any vessel-generated pollution from incidents in U.S. waters within three nautical miles, and in some cases, within the 200-mile exclusive economic zone, for example, could expose us to such fines or penalties.
The Company is subject to, and may in the future be subject to, disputes, legal or other proceedings, and government inquiries or investigations that could have an adverse effect on the Company.
The nature of the Company’s business exposes it to the potential for disputes, legal or other proceedings, and government inquiries or investigations relating to antitrust matters, labor and employment matters, personal injury and property damage, environmental, shore power and other matters, as discussed in the other risk factors disclosed in this section or in other Company filings with the SEC. For example, Matson is a common carrier, whose tariffs, rates, rules and practices in dealing with its customers are governed by extensive and complex foreign, federal, state and local regulations, which may be the subject of disputes or administrative or judicial proceedings. If these disputes develop into proceedings, these proceedings, individually or collectively, could involve or result in significant expenditures or losses by the Company, or result in significant changes to Matson’s tariffs, rates, rules and practices in dealing with its customers.
The Company may continue to be exposed to risks and unknown liabilities related to the Horizon acquisition.
The Company acquired Horizon subject to all of the liabilities and obligations of its non-Hawaii business, including any remaining liabilities and obligations associated with its Puerto Rico operations, which Horizon ceased during the first quarter of 2015. The disposition of these liabilities, and any other obligations that are unknown to the Company, including contingent liabilities, could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
Pasha acquired Horizon’s former Hawaii business immediately before the Company acquired Horizon, and Pasha assumed substantially all liabilities and obligations related to Horizon’s Hawaii business and agreed to perform various covenants. In some cases, however, Horizon, as the original contracting party, may remain primarily responsible for such assumed Hawaii liabilities and obligations. The Company may incur losses related to such assumed Hawaii liabilities and obligations.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Matson leases terminal facilities including berth, yard, office and storage spaces. Material terminal facilities used by the Company’s Ocean Transportation segment include the following locations:
Terminal Location |
| Acreage |
|
Honolulu, Hawaii |
| 105 |
|
Anchorage, Alaska |
| 38 |
|
Dutch Harbor, Alaska |
| 18 |
|
Kodiak, Alaska |
| 6 |
|
Tacoma, Washington | 15 | ||
Polaris Point, Guam | 30 |
|
The Company’s other primary terminal facilities located at the ports of Oakland and Long Beach, California, and Tacoma, Washington are leased by SSAT.
Other material facilities used by both of the Company’s segments include the following:
Other Material Facilities |
| Description of Facility |
| Square Footage |
|
Pooler, Georgia |
| Warehouse |
| 710,844 | |
Oakland, California |
| Warehouse |
| 406,463 | |
Pooler, Georgia |
| Warehouse |
| 324,832 | |
Oakland, California |
| Warehouse |
| 132,000 | |
Anchorage, Alaska | Office / Cross-dock | 54,000 | |||
Auburn, Washington |
| Office / Cross-dock |
| 51,250 |
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Environmental Matters: The Company’s Ocean Transportation segment has certain risks that could result in expenditures for environmental remediation. Except as described below, the Company believes that based on all information available to it, the Company is currently in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable environmental laws and regulations.
In accordance with SEC rules, with respect to administrative or judicial proceedings involving the environment, the Company has determined that it will disclose any such proceeding if it reasonably believes such proceeding will result in monetary sanctions, exclusive of interest and costs, at or in excess of $1 million. The Company believes that such threshold is reasonably designed to result in disclosure of environmental proceedings that are material to its business or financial condition.
On November 10, 2021, the California Air Resources Board (“CARB”) issued a Notice of Violation (the “NOV”) to Matson for alleged violations of the Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Auxiliary Diesel Engines Operated on Ocean-Going Vessels At-Berth in a California Port pursuant to California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 93118.3. CARB regulations require that a company’s fleet plug into shore power for at least 80 percent of visits at California ports and reduce auxiliary engine power generation by at least 80 percent. The NOV alleges that Matson’s fleet did not meet the 80 percent thresholds during visits to the Port of Long Beach in 2020. The violations were alleged to have been incurred by chartered vessels in the CLX+ service. These chartered vessels were not outfitted with alternative maritime power (“AMP”) capability which would have allowed them to plug into the shore power grid and shut down the vessel diesel generators when at dock. The Company has presented mitigating factors for consideration in settlement discussions with CARB as well as plans to achieve compliance. Although potential penalties for 2020, 2021 and 2022 violations could, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to exceed $1 million, they are not expected to be material to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Other Matters: The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to, or may be contingently liable in connection with, other legal actions arising in the normal course of their businesses, the outcomes of which, in the opinion of management after consultation with counsel, would not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not Applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
General Information: Matson’s common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “MATX”. As of February 17, 2023, there were 2,021 shareholders of record of Matson common stock.
Stockholder Return Performance Graph and Trading Information: The following information in this Item 5 shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933.
The cumulative total return listed below assumed an initial investment of $100 and reinvestment of dividends at each fiscal end and measures the performance of this investment as of the last trading day in the month of December for each of the five years ended December 31, 2022. The graph is a historical representation of past performance only and is not necessarily indicative of future performance.
* | $100 invested on December 31, 2017 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. |
Trading volume averaged 431,336 shares a day in 2022, compared with 291,899 shares a day in 2021 and 234,930 shares a day in 2020, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange.
26
Dividends: Dividends declared per share of common stock by the Company for each fiscal quarter during 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
|
|
|
| |||||||
Dividends Declared | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 |
| ||||||
First Quarter | $ | 0.30 |
| $ | 0.23 |
| $ | 0.22 | ||
Second Quarter | $ | 0.30 |
| $ | 0.23 |
| $ | 0.22 | ||
Third Quarter | $ | 0.31 |
| $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.23 | |||
Fourth Quarter | $ | 0.31 |
| $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.23 | |||
Total | $ | 1.22 |
| $ | 1.06 | $ | 0.90 | |||
Matson’s Board of Directors also declared a cash dividend of $0.31 per share for the first quarter 2023, payable on March 2, 2023 to shareholders of record on February 9, 2023. Although Matson expects to continue paying quarterly cash dividends on its common stock, the declaration and payment of dividends are subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon Matson’s financial condition, results of operations, cash requirements and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.
Share Repurchases: The following is a summary of Matson common stock repurchased by the Company during the three months ended December 31, 2022:
|
|
| Total Number of |
| Maximum Number |
| ||||
Shares Purchased | of Shares that May |
| ||||||||
Total Number of | as Part of Publicly | Be Purchased |
| |||||||
Shares | Average Price | Announced Plans or | Under the Plans or |
| ||||||
Period | Purchased | Paid Per Share | Programs (1) | Programs |
| |||||
October 1 – 31, 2022 | 768,161 |
| $ | 68.80 | 768,161 | 2,291,571 | ||||
November 1 – 30, 2022 | 406,200 | $ | 66.85 |
| 406,200 | 1,885,371 | ||||
December 1 – 31, 2022 | 352,000 | $ | 62.05 |
| 352,000 | 1,533,371 | ||||
Total |
| 1,526,361 | $ | 66.72 |
| 1,526,361 | ||||
| (1) | On June 24, 2021, the Company announced that Matson’s Board of Directors had approved a share repurchase program of up to 3.0 million shares of common stock from August 3, 2021 through August 2, 2024. On January 27, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an addition of 3.0 million shares to the Company’s existing share repurchase program. On August 23, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an addition of 3.0 million shares to the Company’s existing share repurchase program. Shares will be repurchased in the open market from time to time, and may be made pursuant to a trading plan in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Security Exchange Act of 1934. |
ITEM 6. REMOVED AND RESERVED
27
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND RISK FACTORS
The Company, from time to time, may make or may have made certain forward-looking statements, whether orally or in writing, such as forecasts and projections of the Company’s future performance or statements of management’s plans and objectives. These statements are “forward-looking” statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in, among other things, SEC filings such as Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K, the Annual Report to Shareholders, press releases made by the Company, the Company’s Internet websites (including websites of its subsidiaries), and oral statements made by the officers of the Company. Except for historical information contained in these written or oral communications, such communications contain forward-looking statements. These include, for example, all references to 2023 or future years. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for the Company to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on the Company’s business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Accordingly, forward-looking statements cannot be relied upon as a guarantee of future results and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the statements, including but not limited to the factors that are described in Part I, Item 1A under the caption of “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K, which section is incorporated herein by reference. The Company is not required, and undertakes no obligation, to revise or update forward-looking statements or any factors that may affect actual results, whether as a result of new information, future events, or circumstances occurring after the date of this report.
OVERVIEW
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is designed to provide a discussion of the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect its future results from the perspective of management. The discussion that follows is intended to provide information that will assist in understanding the changes in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements from year to year, the primary factors that accounted for those changes, and how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. MD&A is provided as a supplement to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below, and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K and other reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K, and other publicly available information. Discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Matson for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 can be found in Part II, Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022.
MD&A is presented in the following sections:
| ◾ | Historical Financial Information |
| ◾ | Fourth Quarter 2022 Discussion and Update on Business Conditions |
| ◾ | Consolidated Results of Operations |
| ◾ | Analysis of Operating Revenue and Income by Segment |
| ◾ | Liquidity and Capital Resources |
| ◾ | Commitments, Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements |
| ◾ | Critical Accounting Estimates |
28
HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The comparative selected financial information of the Company is presented for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2022. The information should be read in conjunction with Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” All fiscal years include 52 weeks, except for the year ended December 31, 2021 which includes 53 weeks (a description of the Company’s fiscal year is included in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below):
(In millions, except per share amounts) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| 2019 |
| 2018 |
| |||||
Operating Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||
Ocean Transportation | $ | 3,544.6 | $ | 3,132.8 | $ | 1,853.9 | $ | 1,666.6 | $ | 1,641.3 | ||||||
Logistics |
| 798.4 |
| 792.5 |
| 529.4 |
| 536.5 |
| 581.5 | ||||||
Total Operating Revenue | $ | 4,343.0 | $ | 3,925.3 | $ | 2,383.3 | $ | 2,203.1 | $ | 2,222.8 | ||||||
Operating and Net Income: | ||||||||||||||||
Ocean Transportation (1) | $ | 1,281.2 | $ | 1,137.7 | $ | 244.8 | $ | 90.8 | $ | 131.1 | ||||||
Logistics |
| 72.4 |
| 49.8 |
| 35.5 |
| 38.3 |
| 32.7 | ||||||
Total Operating Income |
| 1,353.6 |
| 1,187.5 |
| 280.3 |
| 129.1 |
| 163.8 | ||||||
Interest income | 8.2 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Interest expense |
| (18.0) |
| (22.6) |
| (27.4) |
| (22.5) |
| (18.7) | ||||||
Other income (expense), net |
| 8.5 |
| 6.4 |
| 6.1 |
| 1.2 |
| 2.6 | ||||||
Income before Taxes |
| 1,352.3 |
| 1,171.3 |
| 259.0 |
| 107.8 |
| 147.7 | ||||||
Income taxes (2) |
| (288.4) |
| (243.9) |
| (65.9) |
| (25.1) |
| (38.7) | ||||||
Net Income | $ | 1,063.9 | $ | 927.4 | $ | 193.1 | $ | 82.7 | $ | 109.0 | ||||||
Capital Expenditures: | ||||||||||||||||
Ocean Transportation | $ | 190.9 | $ | 322.4 | $ | 190.0 | $ | 294.5 | $ | 385.4 | ||||||
Logistics |
| 18.4 |
| 2.9 |
| 2.3 |
| 15.8 |
| 15.8 | ||||||
Total Capital Expenditures | $ | 209.3 | $ | 325.3 | $ | 192.3 | $ | 310.3 | $ | 401.2 | ||||||
Depreciation and Amortization: | ||||||||||||||||
Ocean Transportation | $ | 133.2 | $ | 128.6 | $ | 107.4 | $ | 93.6 | $ | 87.0 | ||||||
Logistics |
| 8.1 |
| 7.3 |
| 7.5 |
| 6.8 |
| 7.4 | ||||||
141.3 | 135.9 | 114.9 | 100.4 | 94.4 | ||||||||||||
Deferred Dry-docking Amortization — Ocean Transportation | 24.9 | 24.3 | 25.1 | 34.3 | 37.4 | |||||||||||
Total Depreciation and Amortization | $ | 166.2 | $ | 160.2 | $ | 140.0 | $ | 134.7 | $ | 131.8 | ||||||
Earnings Per Share in Net Income: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 27.28 | $ | 21.67 | $ | 4.48 | $ | 1.93 | $ | 2.55 | ||||||
Diluted | $ | 27.07 | $ | 21.47 | $ | 4.44 | $ | 1.91 | $ | 2.53 | ||||||
Cash dividends per share declared | $ | 1.22 | $ | 1.06 | $ | 0.90 | $ | 0.86 | $ | 0.82 | ||||||
As of December 31: | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 249.8 | $ | 282.4 | $ | 14.4 | $ | 21.2 | $ | 19.6 | ||||||
Capital Construction Fund (3) | $ | 518.2 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Total Debt (before deferred loan fees deduction) (4) | $ | 517.5 | $ | 629.0 | $ | 760.1 | $ | 958.4 | $ | 856.4 | ||||||
Total Shareholders' equity | $ | 2,296.9 | $ | 1,667.4 | $ | 961.2 | $ | 805.7 | $ | 755.3 | ||||||
Shares outstanding |
| 36.3 |
| 41.0 |
| 43.2 |
| 42.9 |
| 42.7 | ||||||
| (1) | The Ocean Transportation segment includes $83.1 million, $56.3 million, $26.3 million, $20.8 million and $36.8 million of equity in income from the Company’s investment in SSAT for 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. |
| (2) | Income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 include a non-cash income tax (expense)/benefit of $2.9 million and $(2.9) million, respectively, related to the remeasurement of the Company’s deferred assets and liabilities and other discrete adjustments as a result of applying the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017. |
| (3) | The Company’s Capital Construction Fund is described in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II. |
| (4) | The Company’s debt is described in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II. |
29
FOURTH QUARTER 2022 DISCUSSION AND UPDATE ON BUSINESS CONDITIONS
Ocean Transportation: The Company’s container volume in the Hawaii service in the fourth quarter 2022 was 13.0 percent lower year-over-year. The decrease was primarily due to (i) lower retail- and hospitality-related demand compared to elevated pandemic levels in the year ago period and (ii) one less week. During the quarter, the Company saw retail customers continue to manage inventories to weaker consumer demand levels despite continued improvement in the Hawaii economy supported by a low unemployment rate and relatively strong tourist arrivals, including a modest improvement in international tourist trends. In the near-term, Matson expects economic growth in Hawaii supported by continued strength in tourism and a low unemployment rate, but there are negative trends as a result of higher inflation, higher interest rates and the end of the pandemic-era stimulus helping personal income that creates uncertainty in the economic growth trajectory.
In China, the Company’s container volume in the fourth quarter 2022 decreased 47.2 percent year-over-year. The decrease was primarily due to (i) lower demand for the CLX and CLX+ services, (ii) the discontinuation of the CCX service in the third quarter 2022 and (iii) one less week. Matson continued to realize a significant rate premium over the Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (“SCFI”) in the fourth quarter 2022 but achieved average freight rates that were lower than in the year ago period. Currently in the Transpacific marketplace, business conditions remain challenging as retailers continue to right-size inventories amid weakening consumer demand, increasing interest rates and economic uncertainty. As such, the Company expects its CLX and CLX+ services in the first quarter and first half of the year to reflect freight demand levels below normalized conditions with lower year-over-year volumes and a lower rate environment. Absent an economic “hard landing” in the U.S., Matson expects improved trade dynamics in the second half of 2023 as the Transpacific marketplace transitions to a more normalized level of demand. Regardless of the economic environment, Matson operates the two fastest and most reliable ocean services and, as a result, the Company expects to continue to earn a significant rate premium to the SCFI.
In Guam, the Company’s container volume in the fourth quarter 2022 decreased 14.0 percent year-over-year primarily due to lower retail-related demand. In the near-term, the Company expects continued improvement in the Guam economy with increasing tourism and a low unemployment rate, but there are negative trends as a result of higher inflation, higher interest rates and the end of the pandemic-era stimulus helping personal income that creates uncertainty in the economic growth trajectory.
In Alaska, the Company’s container volume for the fourth quarter 2022 decreased 7.7 percent year-over-year due to (i) lower northbound volume primarily due to one less sailing and one less week and (ii) lower southbound volume primarily due to lower domestic seafood volume and one less week, partially offset by higher export seafood volume from Alaska-Asia Express (“AAX”). In the near-term, the Company expects the Alaska economy to benefit from low unemployment and increased energy-related exploration and production activity as a result of elevated oil prices, but there are negative trends as a result of higher inflation, higher interest rates and the end of the pandemic-era stimulus helping personal income that creates uncertainty in the economic growth trajectory.
The contribution in the fourth quarter 2022 from the Company’s SSAT joint venture investment was $1.0 million, or $20.3 million lower than the fourth quarter 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by lower other terminal revenue, lower lift volume and higher operating costs.
Logistics: In the fourth quarter 2022, operating income for the Company’s Logistics segment was $12.8 million, or $2.0 million lower compared to the level achieved in the fourth quarter 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a lower contribution from supply chain management consistent with lower demand in the Transpacific tradelane.
30
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following analysis of the financial results of operations of Matson for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
Consolidated Results: 2022 compared with 2021:
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | 2022 | 2021 | Change |
| ||||||||
Operating revenue |
| $ | 4,343.0 |
| $ | 3,925.3 |
| $ | 417.7 |
| 10.6 | % |
Operating costs and expenses |
| (2,989.4) |
| (2,737.8) |
| (251.6) |
| 9.2 | % | |||
Operating income |
| 1,353.6 |
| 1,187.5 |
| 166.1 |
| 14.0 | % | |||
Interest income | 8.2 | — | 8.2 |
| 100.0 | % | ||||||
Interest expense |
| (18.0) |
| (22.6) |
| 4.6 |
| (20.4) | % | |||
Other income (expense), net |
| 8.5 |
| 6.4 |
| 2.1 |
| 32.8 | % | |||
Income before taxes |
| 1,352.3 |
| 1,171.3 |
| 181.0 |
| 15.5 | % | |||
Income taxes |
| (288.4) |
| (243.9) |
| (44.5) |
| 18.2 | % | |||
Net income | $ | 1,063.9 | $ | 927.4 | $ | 136.5 |
| 14.7 | % | |||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 27.28 | $ | 21.67 | $ | 5.61 |
| 25.9 | % | |||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 27.07 | $ | 21.47 | $ | 5.60 |
| 26.1 | % | |||
Fiscal Year: Fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 include 52 and 53 weeks, respectively.
Consolidated Operating Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $417.7 million, or 10.6 percent, compared to the prior year. The increase was due to an increase in Ocean Transportation revenue of $411.8 million and an increase in Logistics revenue of $5.9 million.
Operating Costs and Expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $251.6 million, or 9.2 percent, compared to the prior year. The increase was due to an increase in Ocean Transportation operating costs and expenses of $268.3 million, partially offset by a decrease in Logistics operating costs and expenses of $16.7 million.
Operating Income for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $166.1 million, or 14.0 percent, compared to the prior year. The increase was due to an increase in Ocean Transportation operating income of $143.5 million and an increase in Logistics operating income of $22.6 million.
The reasons for changes in operating revenue, operating costs and expenses, and operating income are described below, by business segment, in “Analysis of Operating Revenue and Income by Segment.”
Interest Income was $8.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and was due to amounts on deposit in cash and cash equivalent accounts, and cash on deposit within the Capital Construction Fund that were invested in interest bearing accounts during the year ended December 31, 2022. Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was nominal.
Interest Expense was $18.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $22.6 million in the prior year. The decrease in interest expense was due to lower outstanding debt during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year.
Other Income (Expense), net was $8.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $6.4 million in the prior year, and relates to the amortization of certain components of net periodic benefit costs or gains related to the Company’s pension and post-retirement plans. The increase in Other income (expense) was due to favorable adjustments reflected in the Company’s pension and post-retirement plan liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Income Taxes for the year ended December 31, 2022 were $288.4 million, or 21.3 percent of income before income taxes, compared to $243.9 million, or 20.8 percent of income before income taxes in the prior year. The 2021 income tax rate benefited from certain discrete tax adjustments that lowered the effective tax rate in the prior year.
Net Income during the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $136.5 million, or 14.7 percent, to $1,063.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year.
31
ANALYSIS OF OPERATING REVENUE AND INCOME BY SEGMENT
The following analysis of operating revenue and income by segment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 should be read in conjunction with the Company’s reportable segments information included in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II.
Ocean Transportation: 2022 compared with 2021:
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| Change |
| |||||
Ocean Transportation revenue | $ | 3,544.6 | $ | 3,132.8 | $ | 411.8 |
| 13.1 | % | |||
Operating costs and expenses |
| (2,263.4) |
| (1,995.1) |
| (268.3) | 13.4 | % | ||||
Operating income | $ | 1,281.2 | $ | 1,137.7 | $ | 143.5 | 12.6 | % | ||||
Operating income margin |
| 36.1 | % |
| 36.3 | % | ||||||
Volume (Forty-foot equivalent units (FEU), except for automobiles) (1) | ||||||||||||
Hawaii containers |
| 148,500 |
| 157,600 |
| (9,100) | (5.8) | % | ||||
Hawaii automobiles |
| 41,300 |
| 46,600 |
| (5,300) | (11.4) | % | ||||
Alaska containers |
| 84,900 |
| 78,200 |
| 6,700 | 8.6 | % | ||||
China containers |
| 163,100 |
| 184,800 |
| (21,700) | (11.7) | % | ||||
Guam containers |
| 21,100 |
| 21,900 |
| (800) | (3.7) | % | ||||
Other containers (2) |
| 22,500 |
| 20,200 |
| 2,300 | 11.4 | % | ||||
| (1) | Approximate volumes included for the period are based on the voyage departure date, but revenue and operating income are adjusted to reflect the percentage of revenue and operating income earned during the reporting period for voyages in transit at the end of each reporting period. |
| (2) | Includes containers from services in various islands in Micronesia and the South Pacific, and Okinawa, Japan. |
Ocean Transportation revenue increased $411.8 million, or 13.1 percent, during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared with the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to higher average freight rates in China, higher fuel-related surcharge revenue and higher volume in Alaska, partially offset by lower volume in China and Hawaii.
On a year-over-year FEU basis, Hawaii container volume decreased 5.8 percent primarily due to lower retail-related demand and one less week; Alaska volume increased 8.6 percent due to (i) higher export seafood volume from AAX, (ii) higher northbound volume primarily due to higher retail-related demand and volume related to a competitor’s dry-docking, partially offset by one less week and (iii) higher southbound volume primarily due to higher domestic seafood volume; China volume was 11.7 percent lower primarily due to (a) lower demand for the CLX and CLX+ services and (b) one less week, partially offset by incremental volume on the CCX service; Guam volume decreased 3.7 percent primarily due to lower retail-related volume; and Other containers volume increased 11.4 percent.
Ocean Transportation operating income increased $143.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared with the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to higher freight rates in China and a higher contribution from SSAT, partially offset by lower volume in China, higher operating costs and expenses (including fuel-related expenses) primarily due to the CLX+ service and higher terminal handling costs.
The Company’s SSAT terminal joint venture investment contributed $83.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to a contribution of $56.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by higher other terminal revenue.
Logistics: 2022 compared with 2021:
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| Change |
| |||||
Logistics revenue | $ | 798.4 | $ | 792.5 |
| $ | 5.9 |
| 0.7 | % | ||
Operating costs and expenses |
| (726.0) |
| (742.7) |
|
| 16.7 | (2.2) | % | |||
Operating income | $ | 72.4 | $ | 49.8 |
| $ | 22.6 | 45.4 | % | |||
Operating income margin |
| 9.1 | % |
| 6.3 | % | ||||||
32
Logistics revenue increased $5.9 million, or 0.7 percent, during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared with the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to higher revenue in freight forwarding, supply chain management and warehousing, partially offset by lower transportation brokerage revenue.
Logistics operating income increased $22.6 million, or 45.4 percent, during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared with the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to higher contributions from transportation brokerage and freight forwarding.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company’s primary sources of liquidity are its cash flows generated from operating activities and its debt. Sources of liquidity available to the Company as of December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021, were as follows:
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Accounts Receivable: Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts receivable, net, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
| As of December 31, |
| ||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| Change |
| |||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 249.8 | $ | 282.4 | $ | (32.6) | ||||
Restricted cash | $ | 3.9 | $ | 5.3 | $ | (1.4) | ||||
Accounts receivable, net (1) | $ | 268.5 | $ | 343.7 | $ | (75.2) | ||||
| (1) | Eligible accounts receivable of $9.9 million and $9.8 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, were assigned to the CCF. For additional information on the CCF, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Changes in the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||
Change | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| 2022-2021 |
| 2021-2020 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities (1) | $ | 1,271.9 | $ | 984.1 | $ | 429.8 | $ | 287.8 | $ | 554.3 | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities (2) |
| (729.3) |
| (323.4) |
| (177.0) |
| (405.9) |
| (146.4) | |||||
Net cash used in financing activities (3) |
| (576.6) |
| (392.7) |
| (261.5) |
| (183.9) |
| (131.2) | |||||
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
| (34.0) |
| 268.0 |
| (8.7) |
| (302.0) |
| 276.7 | |||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of the period |
| 287.7 |
| 19.7 |
| 28.4 |
| 268.0 |
| (8.7) | |||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of the period | $ | 253.7 | $ | 287.7 | $ | 19.7 | $ | (34.0) | $ | 268.0 | |||||
| (1) | Changes in Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities: Changes in net cash provided by operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: |
| Change | |||||
(In millions) |
| 2022-2021 |
| 2021-2020 | ||
Net income | $ | 136.5 | $ | 734.3 | ||
Non-cash depreciation and amortization | 5.4 | 21.0 | ||||
Deferred income taxes | 57.0 | (18.9) | ||||
Other non-cash related changes, net | (1.7) | (3.1) | ||||
Income and distributions from SSAT, net | (26.4) | (38.5) | ||||
Accounts receivable, net |
| 164.9 |
| (42.3) | ||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
| 2.9 |
| (70.0) | ||
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
| (71.3) |
| (5.2) | ||
Operating lease liabilities |
| (54.4) | (23.8) | |||
Non-cash amortization of operating lease right of use assets | 49.7 | 28.5 | ||||
Deferred dry-docking payments |
| 10.6 |
| (19.5) | ||
Non-cash deferred dry-docking amortization | 0.6 | (0.8) | ||||
Other long-term liabilities |
| 14.0 |
| (7.4) | ||
Total | $ | 287.8 | $ | 554.3 | ||
Income from SSAT was $83.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $56.3 million in the prior year. The increase in income from SSAT was primarily due to higher operating profits generated by SSAT during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year. Cash distributions from SSAT were $47.3 million for the
33
year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $46.9 million in the prior year. Cash distributions from SSAT are dependent on the level of cash available for distribution after SSAT’s operational and capital needs. Changes in accounts receivable were primarily due to lower accounts receivables outstanding at the end of December 31, 2022, due to lower revenue at the end of the year as compared to prior year, and the timing of collections associated with those receivables. Changes in prepaid expenses and other assets were primarily due to increased prepaid fuel, insurance and other operating related costs, primarily due to an increase in the cost for such expenses, and prepaid income taxes primarily due to the use of the CCF fund during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year. Changes in accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities were primarily due to a decrease in operating activity resulting in a reduction of operating costs and the timing of payments associated with those liabilities. Changes in operating lease liabilities were primarily due to new operating lease additions partially offset by operating leases that expired during the year ended December 31, 2022. Deferred dry-docking payments were $25.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $36.3 million in the prior year. The decrease in deferred dry-docking payments was due to a decrease in vessel dry-dock related activities during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year.
| (2) | Changes in Net Cash Used in Investing Activities: Changes in net cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: |
Change | ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022-2021 |
| 2021-2020 | ||
Cash deposits into CCF | $ | (551.6) | $ | 101.2 | ||
Withdrawals from CCF | 33.4 | (101.2) | ||||
Capitalized vessel construction expenditures | (47.5) | 72.9 | ||||
Other capital expenditures | 163.5 | (205.9) | ||||
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment, net, and other |
| (3.7) | (13.4) | |||
Total | $ | (405.9) | $ | (146.4) | ||
Capitalized vessel construction expenditures was $62.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $14.9 million in the prior year. The increase in capitalized vessel construction expenditures (including cash and interest deposited into the CCF less cash withdrawals from the CCF which are used for vessel construction related payments) was due to the commencement of the Company’s new fleet renewal program in 2022. Capitalized vessel construction expenditures incurred in 2022 related to milestone payments on the construction of three new vessels and the construction of a new flat-deck barge. Other capital expenditures (excluding capitalized vessel construction expenditures) was $146.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $310.4 million for the prior year. Other capital expenditures during the year ended December 31, 2021 included the purchase of additional containers, chassis and other terminal equipment to support the increase in the Company’s operational activities, and the repurchase of Maunalei vessel for $95.8 million.
| (3) | Changes in Net Cash Used in Financing Activities: Changes in net cash used in financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: |
Change | ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022-2021 |
| 2021-2020 | ||
Repurchase of Matson common stock | $ | (198.7) | $ | (198.3) | ||
Proceeds received from issuance of fixed interest debt | — | (325.5) | ||||
Repayments of fixed interest debt | (52.2) | 157.2 | ||||
Repayments and borrowings under revolving credit facility, net | 71.8 | 235.5 | ||||
Withholding tax related to net share settlements of restricted stock units | (5.7) | (8.8) | ||||
Payment of financing costs | 3.0 | 15.5 | ||||
Dividends paid | (2.1) | (6.7) | ||||
Change in other payments, net | — | (0.1) | ||||
Total | $ | (183.9) | $ | (131.2) | ||
The Company paid $397.0 million to repurchase common stock during the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $198.3 million in the prior year. The Company did not issue any new fixed interest debt during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company paid $111.5 million of prepaid and scheduled fixed interest debt principal payments, compared to $59.3 million of scheduled principal payments paid during the prior year. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company paid $71.8 million, net to fully repay the Company’s revolving credit facility. There were no borrowings under the revolving credit facility during the year ended December 31, 2022.
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Capital Construction Fund: The Company utilizes its CCF to fund milestone payments for the construction of new vessels. The Company’s CCF is described in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Cash on deposit in the CCF and assigned accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
As of December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) | 2022 |
| 2021 | |||
Capital Construction Fund: | ||||||
Cash on deposit | $ | 518.2 | $ | — | ||
Assigned accounts receivables | $ | 9.9 | $ | 9.8 | ||
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company deposited $582.8 million and $31.2 million into the CCF, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company made withdrawals of $64.6 million and $31.2 million out of the CCF, respectively, which were used to make milestone payments for the construction of new vessels. Cash on deposit in the CCF is held in short term U.S. Treasury Obligation Funds and classified as a long-term asset in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, as the Company intends to use qualified cash withdrawals from the CCF to fund long-term investments in the construction of new vessels. Assigned accounts receivable in the CCF are classified as part of accounts receivable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets due to the nature of the assignment.
On February 17, 2023, the Company pledged an additional $200.0 million of eligible accounts receivables to the CCF, and deposited an additional $100.0 million of cash into the CCF.
Debt: The Company utilizes a mix of fixed and variable debt for liquidity and to fund the Company’s operations. Total debt as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
As of December 31, | ||||||||||
(In millions) | 2022 |
| 2021 |
| Change | |||||
Fixed interest debt | $ | 517.5 | $ | 629.0 | $ | (111.5) | ||||
Total Debt | $ | 517.5 | $ | 629.0 | $ | (111.5) | ||||
Total debt decreased by $111.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year. The decrease in fixed interest debt was due to the prepayment of $50.4 million of outstanding principal of private placement term loans and scheduled debt repayments of private placement term loans and Title XI debt made during the year ended December 31, 2022.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $642.1 million of unused capacity under the revolving credit facility, with a maturity date of March 31, 2026. The Company’s debt is described in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II.
On January 27, 2023, the Company prepaid $14.3 million of outstanding principal on the Maunawili Title XI Bonds representing all of the remaining outstanding principal for this bond. The Company is also expecting to prepay the outstanding principal of approximately $12.1 million Manukai Title XI Bonds in March 2023, representing all of the estimated outstanding principal for this bond. The Company’s Title XI Bonds are described in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
Working Capital: The Company had a working capital surplus of $178.0 million at December 31, 2022, compared to a working capital surplus of $92.1 million at December 31, 2021. Working capital is primarily impacted by the amount of net cash provided by operating activities, the amount of capital expenditures, the amount and timing of collections associated with accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, and by the amount and timing of payments associated with accounts payable, accruals, income taxes, debt and other liabilities. The increase in the Company’s working capital surplus during the year ended December 31, 2022 was due to the increase in cash provided by operating activities.
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Capital Expenditures: The Company expects to make the following capital expenditures during the years ending December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025:
Expected Capital Expenditures (in millions) |
| 2023 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 | |
New vessel construction milestone payments and related costs | $55 | $75 | $360 | ||||
LNG installations and reengining on existing vessels | $60 - $65 | $50 - $55 | - | ||||
Maintenance and other capital expenditures | $80 - $90 | $80 - $90 | $80 - $90 | ||||
Total Estimated Capital Expenditures | $195 - $210 | $205 - $220 | $440 - $450 |
New vessel construction milestone payments and related costs are for the Company’s new vessel program for the construction of three new vessels at a cost of approximately $1.0 billion with expected delivery dates during the fourth quarter of 2026, the second quarter of 2027 and the fourth quarter of 2027. Future milestone payments are expected to be financed with cash currently on deposit in the Company’s CCF, cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and through cash flows generated from future operations, borrowings available under the Company’s unsecured revolving credit facility or additional debt financings.
LNG installations on existing vessels includes capital expenditures for the installation of tanks, piping and cryogenic equipment on existing Aloha Class vessels so that they can operate on LNG and conventional fuels. The LNG installation project on Daniel K. Inouye has begun and work on Kaimana Hila is currently scheduled to begin during the second quarter of 2024. Each installation is expected to cost approximately $35 million. Additionally, the Company plans to begin reengining Manukai to operate on LNG and conventional fuels during the second quarter of 2023 at a total cost of approximately $60 million.
Maintenance and other capital expenditures include amounts that the Company expects to spend on various capital projects including capital expenditures related to the second and third phase of its program to modernize and renovate its terminal facility at Sand Island, Honolulu, Hawaii, repurchases of leased equipment, vessel maintenance and annual equipment purchases to support the Company’s operations.
Repurchase of Shares: During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company repurchased approximately 5.0 million shares for a total cost of $397.0 million. The maximum remaining number of shares that may be repurchased under the Company’s stock repurchase program was 1,533,371 shares at December 31, 2022.
COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
Commitments and Contingencies: A description of other commitments and contingencies is set forth in Note 9, Note 11 and Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Off-balance sheet Arrangements: The Company is not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below. The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, upon which the Company’s Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based, requires that management exercise judgment when making accounting estimates about future events that may affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty and actual results will, inevitably, differ from those accounting estimates. These differences could be material.
The Company considers an accounting estimate to be critical if (i)(a) the accounting estimate requires the Company to make assumptions that are difficult or subjective about matters that were highly uncertain at the time that the accounting estimate was made, (b) changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur in periods after the period in which the estimate was made, or (c) use of different estimates by the Company could have been used; and (ii) changes in those accounting estimates would have had a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations of the
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Company. The critical accounting policies and estimates inherent in the preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are described below. Management has discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Long-Lived Assets, Intangible Assets and Goodwill: The Company evaluates its long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill for possible impairment in the fourth quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount. The Company has reporting units within the Ocean Transportation and Logistics reportable segments.
Long-lived Assets and Finite-lived Intangible Assets: Long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are available. In evaluating for impairment, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by each of these asset groups are compared with the carrying value recorded for each asset group to determine if its carrying value is recoverable. If this review determines that the amount recorded will not be recovered, the amount recorded for the asset group is reduced to its estimated fair value. These asset impairment analyses are highly subjective because they require management to make assumptions and apply considerable judgments to, among other things, estimates of the timing and amount of future cash flows, expected useful lives of the assets, potential impact of future events, including changes in economic conditions and operating performance, and future costs of maintenance and improvements of the assets. If management uses different assumptions or if different conditions occur in future periods, the Company’s financial condition or its future operating results could be materially impacted. The Company has evaluated its long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets for impairment and determined that there was no impairment for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.
Indefinite-life Intangible Assets and Goodwill: The Company’s intangible assets include goodwill, customer relationships and a trade name, and are grouped at the lowest level reporting unit for which identifiable cash flows are available. In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit, the Company uses a combination of a discounted cash flow model and fair value based on market multiples of earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). The discounted cash flow approach requires the Company to use a number of assumptions, including market factors specific to the business, the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows generated by the business over an extended period of time, long-term growth rates for the business, and a discount rate that considers the risks related to the amount and timing of the cash flows. Although the assumptions used by the Company in its discounted cash flow model are consistent with the assumptions the Company used to generate its internal strategic plans and forecasts, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of future cash flows from the reporting unit and the risk of achieving those cash flows. When using market multiples of EBITDA, the Company makes judgments about the comparability of multiples in closed and proposed transactions. Accordingly, changes in assumptions and estimates, including, but not limited to, changes driven by external factors, such as industry and economic trends, and those driven by internal factors, such as changes in the Company’s business strategy and its internal forecasts, could have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or its future operating results. The Company has evaluated its indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill for impairment and determined that there was no impairment for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.
Insurance Related Liabilities: The Company is uninsured for certain risks but when feasible, many of these risks are mitigated by insurance. The Company purchases insurance with deductibles or self-insured retentions. Such insurance includes, but is not limited to, employee health, workers’ compensation, marine liability, cybersecurity, auto liability and physical damage to property and equipment. For certain risks, the Company elects to not purchase insurance because of the excessive cost of such insurance or the perceived remoteness of the risk. In addition, the Company retains all risk of loss that exceeds the limits of the Company’s insurance policies, or for other risks where insurance is not commercially available.
When estimating its reserves for retained risks and related liabilities, the Company considers a number of factors, including historical claims experience, demographic factors, current trends, and analyses provided by independent third parties. Periodically, management reviews its assumptions and estimates used to determine the adequacy of the Company’s reserves for retained risks and other related liabilities. The Company’s retained risks and other related liabilities contain uncertainties because management is required to apply judgment and make long-term assumptions to estimate the ultimate cost to settle reported claims, and of claims incurred but not reported, as of the balance sheet date. Insurance related liabilities were $45.4 million and $35.9 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company’s estimate of insurance related liabilities could change if management uses different assumptions or if
37
different conditions occur in future periods, however the Company does not expect any such change would have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
Pension and Post-Retirement Plans: The estimation of the Company’s pension and post-retirement benefit expenses and liabilities requires the Company to make various assumptions. These assumptions include factors such as discount rates, expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets, salary growth, health care cost trend rates, inflation, retirement rates, mortality rates and expected contributions. Actual results that differ from the assumptions made could materially affect the Company’s financial condition or its future operating results. The effects of changing assumptions are included in unamortized net gains and losses, which directly affect accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Additionally, these unamortized gains and losses are amortized and reclassified to income (loss) over future periods.
Additional information about the Company’s pension and post-retirement plans and assumptions used is included in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
Income Taxes: The Company’s income tax expense requires the Company to make various estimates and judgments. These estimates and judgments are applied in the calculation of taxable income, tax credits, tax benefits and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue, costs and expenses for tax purposes. The calculation of deferred tax assets and liabilities may be impacted by various factors including but not limited to changes in tax rates; changes in tax laws, regulations, and rulings; changes in interpretations of existing tax laws, regulations and rulings; and changes in the evaluation of the Company’s ability to realize deferred tax assets including operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted to the extent necessary to reflect tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. Significant changes to these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the Company’s income taxes in a subsequent period.
The Company records a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, management believes that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a recorded deferred tax asset would not be realized in future periods.
Additional information about the Company’s income taxes is included in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Debt and Interest Rate Risks: The Company is exposed to changes in interest rates, primarily as a result of its borrowing and investing activities used to maintain liquidity and to fund business operations, including borrowings under its revolving credit facility, private placement term loans and Title XI debt. In order to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates, the Company utilizes a balanced mix of both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt with various maturity dates. The nature and amount of the Company’s outstanding debt are expected to fluctuate as a result of future business requirements, market conditions and other factors.
Other than in certain events of default, the Company is not obligated to prepay its variable and fixed rate debt prior to maturity. For fixed rate debt, changes in market interest rates would not affect the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Interest on certain borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility is calculated using the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). LIBOR will be discontinued as a benchmark interest rate by mid-2023. The discontinuation of LIBOR will require the Company and its lenders to transition from LIBOR to a new benchmark interest rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). The Company believes that the transition to SOFR will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
Additional information about the Company’s debt is included in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II below.
Investment Risks: The Company invests excess cash in short-term money market funds that purchase government securities or corporate debt securities, or in other deposit products allowed under the Company’s Cash Investment Policy. These money market funds and deposits maintain a weighted average maturity of less than 90 days, and
38
accordingly, a one percent change in interest rates is not expected to have a material impact on the fair value of these investments or on interest income.
The Company may invest funds on deposit in the CCF in money market funds, U.S. Treasury Obligation Funds or other eligible investments.
Foreign Currency Risks: The Company has no material exposure to foreign currency risks, although it is indirectly affected by changes in currency rates to the extent that changes in rates affect tourism in Hawaii, Guam, Alaska and other locations. Transactions related to the Company’s China and Japan services are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars, and therefore, a one percent change in the Chinese Yuan or Japanese Yen exchange rate would not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations. Transactions related to the Company’s South Pacific service are primarily denominated in New Zealand dollars. However, a one percent change in the New Zealand dollar exchange rate is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
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MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The management of Matson, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) has the responsibility for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and includes those policies and procedures that:
| ● | Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of the company; |
| ● | Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and |
| ● | Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting only provides reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement presentation and preparation. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on its assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2022, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective. The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm,
/s/ Matthew J. Cox | /s/ Joel M. Wine | |
Matthew J. Cox | Joel M. Wine | |
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
February 24, 2023 | February 24, 2023 |
41
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and the shareholders of Matson, Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Matson, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that
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are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Goodwill – Span Alaska Reporting Unit — Refer to Notes 2 and 6 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit, the Company uses a combination of a discounted cash flow model and fair value based on market multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). The discounted cash flow approach requires the Company to make several business assumptions, including, but not limited to, the discount rate. Changes in assumptions and estimates could have a material effect on either the fair value, the amount of any goodwill impairment charge, or both. The goodwill balance was $327.8 million as of December 31, 2022, of which $78.6 million is allocated to a reporting unit in the Logistics reportable segment, resulting from the acquisition of Span Intermediate, LLC (“Span Alaska”) in fiscal year 2016. The Company has evaluated its goodwill for impairment as part of its annual assessment in fiscal year 2022 and determined that the fair value of the Span Alaska reporting unit exceeded the carrying amount as of the date of the impairment review.
We identified goodwill related to Span Alaska as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions management made to estimate the fair value of Span Alaska. Specifically, performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to the selection of the discount rate required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the selection of the discount rate for Span Alaska included the following, among others:
| ● | We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill impairment evaluation, including those over the selection of the discount rate. |
| ● | With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rate, including testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate, testing the mathematical accuracy of the calculation, and developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate selected by management. |
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP | |
February 24, 2023 | |
We have served as the Company’s auditor since at least 1976; however, an earlier year could not be reliably determined. |
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MATSON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
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Operating Revenue: | ||||||||||
Ocean Transportation | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Logistics |
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Total Operating Revenue |
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Costs and Expenses: | ||||||||||
Operating costs |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Income from SSAT |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Selling, general and administrative |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Total Costs and Expenses |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Operating Income |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Interest income | | — | — | |||||||
Interest expense |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Other income (expense), net |
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| | | |||||
Income before Taxes |
| |
| |
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Income taxes |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Net Income | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Income Taxes: | ||||||||||
Net Income | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss): | ||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Amortization of net loss (gain) |
| |
| |
| ( | ||||
Other adjustments |
| |
| ( |
| | ||||
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
| |
| |
| ( | ||||
Comprehensive Income | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Basic Earnings Per Share | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding: | ||||||||||
Basic |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Diluted |
| |
| |
| | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
44
MATSON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, |
| ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||
ASSETS | |||||||
Current Assets: | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | | $ | | |||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ |
| |
| | |||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
| |
| | |||
Total current assets |
| |
| ||||
Long-term Assets: | |||||||
Investment in SSAT |
| |
| | |||
Property and equipment, net |
| |
| | |||
Operating lease right of use assets | | | |||||
Goodwill |
| |
| | |||
Intangible assets, net | | | |||||
Capital Construction Fund | | — | |||||
Deferred dry-docking costs, net | | | |||||
Other long-term assets |
| |
| | |||
Total long-term assets | | | |||||
Total Assets | $ | | $ | | |||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||
Current Liabilities: | |||||||
Current portion of debt | $ | | $ | | |||
Accounts payable and accruals |
| |
| | |||
Operating lease liabilities | | | |||||
Other liabilities |
| |
| | |||
Total current liabilities |
| |
| | |||
Long-term Liabilities: | |||||||
Long-term debt, net of deferred loan fees |
| |
| | |||
Long-term operating lease liabilities | | | |||||
Deferred income taxes |
| |
| | |||
Other long-term liabilities | | | |||||
Total long-term liabilities |
| |
| | |||
Commitments and Contingencies (see Note 17) | |||||||
Shareholders’ Equity: | |||||||
Common stock - common stock without par value; authorized, |
| |
| | |||
Additional paid in capital |
| |
| | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net |
| ( |
| ( | |||
Retained earnings |
| |
| | |||
Total shareholders’ equity |
| |
| | |||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | $ | | $ | | |||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
45
MATSON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |||
Cash Flows From Operating Activities: | ||||||||||
Net income | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Reconciling adjustments: | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Amortization of operating lease right of use assets | | | | |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| |
| |
| | ||||
(Gain) Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
| ( |
| ( |
| | ||||
Share-based compensation expense |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Income from SSAT |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Distributions from SSAT |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
| |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Deferred dry-docking payments |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Deferred dry-docking amortization |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
| ( |
| ( |
| | ||||
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
| ( |
| |
| | ||||
Operating lease liabilities | ( | ( | ( | |||||||
Other long-term liabilities |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Cash Flows From Investing Activities: | ||||||||||
Capitalized vessel construction expenditures | ( | ( | ( | |||||||
Other capital expenditures |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment, and other |
| ( |
| |
| | ||||
Cash and interest deposits into Capital Construction Fund |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Withdrawals from Capital Construction Fund |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Cash Flows From Financing Activities: | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of debt | — | — | | |||||||
Repayments of debt | ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Proceeds from revolving credit facility | — |
| |
| | |||||
Repayments of revolving credit facility | — | ( | ( | |||||||
Payment of financing costs | — |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | — |
| — |
| | |||||
Dividends paid | ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Repurchase of Matson common stock | ( | ( | — | |||||||
Tax withholding related to net share settlements of restricted stock units | ( | ( | ( | |||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash |
| ( |
| |
| ( | ||||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, Beginning of the Year |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of the Year | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, at End of the Year: | ||||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Restricted Cash | | | | |||||||
Total Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of the Year | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: | ||||||||||
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Income tax paid, net of income tax refunds | $ | | $ | | $ | ( | ||||
Non-cash Information: | ||||||||||
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
46
MATSON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE THREE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022
Accumulated |
| |||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Additional | Other |
| |||||||||||||||
Stated | Paid In | Comprehensive | Retained |
| ||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) |
| Shares |
| Value |
| Capital |
| Income (Loss) |
| Earnings |
| Total |
| |||||
Balance at December 31, 2019 |
| | $ | |
| $ | | $ | ( | $ | | $ | | |||||
Net income |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| — |
| |
| | |||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| ( |
| — |
| ( | |||||
Share-based compensation |
| — |
| — |
|
| |
| — |
| — |
| | |||||
Shares issued, net of shares withheld for employee taxes |
| |
| |
|
| ( |
| — |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Equity interest in SSAT | — | — | — | — | | | ||||||||||||
Dividends ($ |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| — |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 |
| | |
| | ( | | | ||||||||||
Net income |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| — |
| |
| | |||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — |
| — |
|
| — |
| |
| — |
| | ||||||
Share-based compensation |
| — |
| — |
|
| |
| — |
| — |
| | |||||
Shares issued, net of shares withheld for employee taxes |
| | |
| ( |
| — |
| |
| ( | |||||||
Share repurchase | ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
Dividends ($ |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| — |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2021 |
| | |
| | ( | | | ||||||||||
Net income |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| — |
| |
| | |||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| |
| — |
| | |||||
Share-based compensation |
| — |
| — |
|
| |
| — |
| — |
| | |||||
Shares issued, net of shares withheld for employee taxes |
| | |
| ( |
| — |
| — |
| ( | |||||||
Share repurchase | ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
Equity interest in SSAT | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
Dividends ($ |
| — |
| — |
|
| — |
| — |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2022 |
| | $ | |
| $ | | $ | ( | $ | | $ | | |||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
47
MATSON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. | DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS |
Matson, Inc., a holding company incorporated in the State of Hawaii, and its subsidiaries (“Matson” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of ocean transportation and logistics services. The Company consists of
Ocean Transportation: Matson’s Ocean Transportation business is conducted through Matson Navigation Company, Inc. (“MatNav”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Matson, Inc. Founded in 1882, MatNav provides a vital lifeline of ocean freight transportation services to the domestic non-contiguous economies of Hawaii, Alaska and Guam, and to other island economies in Micronesia. MatNav also operates premium, expedited services from China to Long Beach, California, provides services to Okinawa, Japan and various islands in the South Pacific, and operates an international export service from Dutch Harbor, Alaska to Asia. In addition, subsidiaries of MatNav provide stevedoring, refrigerated cargo services, inland transportation and other terminal services for MatNav on the Hawaiian islands of Oahu, Hawaii, Maui and Kauai, and for MatNav and other ocean carriers in Alaska.
Matson has a
Logistics: Matson’s Logistics business is conducted through Matson Logistics, Inc. (“Matson Logistics”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of MatNav. Established in 1987, Matson Logistics extends the geographic reach of Matson’s transportation network throughout North America and Asia, and is an asset-light business that provides a variety of logistics services to its customers including: (i) multimodal transportation brokerage of domestic and international rail intermodal services, long-haul and regional highway trucking services, specialized hauling, flat-bed and project services, less-than-truckload services, and expedited freight services (collectively, “Transportation Brokerage” services); (ii) less-than-container load (“LCL”) consolidation and freight forwarding services (collectively, “Freight Forwarding” services); (iii) warehousing, trans-loading, value-added packaging and distribution services (collectively, “Warehousing” services); and (iv) supply chain management, non-vessel operating common carrier (“NVOCC”) freight forwarding and other services.
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Principles of Consolidation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Matson, Inc. and all wholly-owned subsidiaries, after elimination of intercompany amounts and transactions. Significant investments in businesses, partnerships, and limited liability companies in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method. The Company accounts for its investment in SSAT using the equity method of accounting (see Note 4).
Fiscal Year: The year end for Matson is December 31. The period end for MatNav occurred on the last Friday in December, except for certain Company subsidiaries whose period closed on December 31. Included in these Consolidated Financial Statements are
Foreign Currency Transactions: The United States (U.S.) dollar is the functional currency for substantially all of the financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates existing at the respective balance sheet dates. Translation adjustments resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss (gain) within shareholders’ equity. The Company translates the result of operations of its foreign subsidiaries at the average exchange rate during the respective periods. Gains and losses
48
resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in Costs and Expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to: impairment of investments; impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill; capitalized interest; allowance for doubtful accounts and other receivables; legal contingencies; insurance reserves and other related liabilities; accrual estimates; pension and post-retirement estimates; multi-employer withdrawal liabilities; operating lease assets and liabilities; income from SSAT; and income taxes. Future results could be materially affected if actual results differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: Cash equivalents consist of highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company carries these investments at cost, which approximates fair value. Restricted cash relates to amounts that are subject to contractual restrictions and are not readily available. Restricted cash was $
Accounts Receivable, net: Accounts receivable represent amounts due from trade customers arising in the normal course of business. Accounts receivable are shown net of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable is established by management based on estimates of collectability. Estimates of collectability are principally based on an evaluation of the current financial condition of the customer and the potential risks to collection, the customer’s payment history, expected future credit losses and other factors which are regularly monitored by the Company.
Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for the three years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
| Balance at |
|
| Write-offs |
| Balance at | ||||||
Year (in millions) |
| Beginning of Year |
| Expense (1) |
| and Other |
| End of Year | ||||
2022 | $ | | $ | | $ | ( | $ | | ||||
2021 | $ | | $ | | $ | ( | $ | | ||||
2020 | $ | | $ | | $ | ( | $ | | ||||
| (1) | Expense is shown net of amounts recovered from previously reserved doubtful accounts. |
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets: Prepaid expenses and other assets consist of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
As of December 31, |
| ||||||
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||
Income tax receivables | $ | | $ | | |||
Prepaid fuel | | | |||||
Prepaid insurance and insurance related receivables |
| |
| | |||
Restricted cash - vessel construction obligations | | | |||||
Other |
| |
| | |||
Total | $ | | $ | | |||
Income tax receivables include a federal income tax refund related to the Company’s 2021 federal tax return, overpayments of federal and state taxes paid during the year ended December 31, 2022, and other income tax receivables.
Deferred Loan Fees: The Company records deferred loan fees, excluding those related to the revolving credit facility, as a reduction to Total Debt in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (“ASU 2015-03”). These costs are being amortized over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method (see Note 8).
Deferred loan fees related to the Company’s revolving credit facility are recorded in other long-term assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized using the straight-line method as the difference between that and the use of the effective interest method is not material.
49
Other Long-Term Assets: Other long-term assets consist of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
As of December 31, |
| ||||||
Other Long-Term Assets (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||
Vessel and equipment spare parts | $ | | $ | | |||
Pension plan assets | | | |||||
Insurance related receivables | | | |||||
Other | | | |||||
Total | $ | | $ | | |||
Property and Equipment: Property and equipment is stated at cost. Property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment range up to the following maximum life:
Classification |
| Life |
Vessels |
| |
Machinery and equipment |
| |
Terminal facilities |
|
Deferred Dry-docking Costs: U.S. flagged vessels must meet specified seaworthiness standards established by U.S. Coast Guard rules and classification society rules. These standards require U.S. flagged vessels to undergo
The Company is responsible for maintaining its vessels in compliance with U.S. and international standards. As costs associated with dry-docking inspections provide future economic benefits to the Company through continued operation of the vessels, the costs are deferred and amortized until the scheduled date of the next required dry-docking, which is usually over a to
Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Goodwill and intangible assets arise as a result of acquisitions made by the Company (see Note 6). Intangible assets consist of customer relationships which are being amortized using the straight-line method over the expected useful lives ranging up to
Impairment Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets, Intangible Assets and Goodwill: The Company evaluates its long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill for possible impairment in the fourth quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount. The Company has reporting units within the Ocean Transportation and Logistics reportable segments.
Long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets are grouped at the lowest level reporting unit for which identifiable cash flows are available. In evaluating for impairment, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by each
50
of these asset groups are compared with the carrying value recorded for each asset group to determine if its carrying value is recoverable. If this review determines that the amount recorded will not be recovered, the amount recorded for the asset group is reduced to its estimated fair value.
Indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill are grouped at the lowest level reporting unit for which identifiable cash flows are available. In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit, the Company uses a combination of a discounted cash flow model and fair value based on market multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. Based upon the Company’s evaluation of its indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill for impairment, the Company determined that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeds book value.
Impairment Evaluation of SSAT: The Company’s investment in SSAT, a related party, is evaluated for impairment whenever there is evidence of impairment during the reporting period. If any impairment is identified, the Company evaluates if the decrease in the fair value of the investment below its carrying value is other-than-temporary.
Other Liabilities: Other liabilities consist of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| As of December 31, | |||||
Other Liabilities (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 | ||
Payroll and vacation | $ | |
| $ | | |
Employee incentives and other benefits | | | ||||
Insurance reserves and other related liabilities - short term | | | ||||
Multi-employer withdrawal liabilities - short term (see Note 12) | | | ||||
Income tax and other tax related liabilities | | | ||||
Other short-term liabilities | | | ||||
Total | $ | |
| $ | | |
Other Long-Term Liabilities: Other long-term liabilities consist of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| As of December 31, | |||||
Other Long-Term Liabilities (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 | ||
Multi-employer withdrawal liability (see Note 12) | $ | | $ | | ||
Pension and post-retirement liabilities (see Note 11) | | | ||||
Insurance reserves and other related liabilities | | | ||||
Other long-term liabilities |
| |
| | ||
Total | $ | | $ | | ||
Pension and Post-Retirement Plans: The Company is a member of the Pacific Maritime Association (“PMA”) and the Hawaii Stevedoring Industry Committee, which negotiate multi-employer pension plans covering certain shoreside bargaining unit personnel. The Company directly negotiates multi-employer pension plans covering other bargaining unit personnel. Pension costs are accrued in accordance with contribution rates established by the PMA, the parties to a plan or the trustees of a plan. Several trusteed, non-contributory, single-employer defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans cover substantially all other employees.
The estimation of the Company’s pension and post-retirement benefit expenses and liabilities requires that the Company make various assumptions. These assumptions include factors such as discount rates, expected long-term rates of return on pension plan assets, salary growth, health care cost trend rates, inflation, retirement rates, mortality rates, and expected contributions. Actual results that differ from the assumptions made could materially affect the Company’s financial condition or its future operating results. Additional information about the Company’s pension and post-retirement plans is included in Note 11.
Insurance Related Liabilities: The Company is uninsured for certain risks but when feasible, many of these risks are mitigated by insurance. The Company purchases insurance with deductibles or self-insured retentions. Such insurance includes, but is not limited to, employee health, workers’ compensation, marine liability, cybersecurity, auto liability and physical damage to property and equipment. For certain risks, the Company elects to not purchase insurance because of the excessive cost of insurance or the perceived remoteness of the risk. In addition, the Company retains all risk of loss
51
that exceeds the limits of the Company’s insurance policies, or for other risks where insurance is not commercially available.
When estimating its reserves for retained risks and related liabilities, the Company considers a number of factors, including historical claims experience, demographic factors, current trends, and analyses provided by independent third parties. Periodically, management reviews its assumptions and estimates used to determine the adequacy of the Company’s reserves for retained risks and other related liabilities.
Recognition of Revenues and Expenses: Revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements is presented net of elimination of intercompany transactions. The following is a description of the Company’s principal revenue generating activities by segment, and the Company’s revenue recognition policy for each activity for the periods presented:
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||
Ocean Transportation (in millions) (1) | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Ocean Transportation services | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Terminal and other related services | | | | ||||||
Fuel sales | | | | ||||||
Vessel management and related services | | | | ||||||
Total | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
| (1) | Ocean Transportation revenue transactions are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars except for less than |
| ◾ | Ocean Transportation services revenue is recognized ratably over the duration of a voyage based on the relative transit time completed in each reporting period. Vessel operating costs and other ocean transportation operating costs, such as terminal operating overhead and selling, general and administrative expenses, are charged to operating costs as incurred. |
| ◾ | Terminal and other related services revenue is recognized as the services are performed. Related costs are recognized as incurred. |
| ◾ | Fuel sales revenue and related costs are recognized when the Company has completed delivery of the product to the customer in accordance with the terms and conditions of the contract. |
| ◾ | Vessel management and related services revenue is recognized in proportion to the services completed. Related costs are recognized as incurred. |
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||
Logistics (in millions) (1) | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Transportation Brokerage and Freight Forwarding services | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Warehousing and distribution services | | | | ||||||
Supply chain management and other services |
| |
| |
| | |||
Total | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
| (1) | Logistics revenue transactions are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars except for less than |
| ◾ | Transportation Brokerage and Freight Forwarding services revenue consists of amounts billed to customers for services provided. The primary costs include third-party purchased transportation services, agent commissions, labor and equipment. Revenue and the related purchased third-party transportation costs are recognized over the duration of a delivery based upon the relative transit time completed in each reporting period. Labor, agent commissions, and other operating costs are expensed as incurred. The Company reports revenue on a gross basis as the Company serves as the principal in these transactions because it is responsible for fulfilling the contractual arrangements with the customer and has latitude in establishing prices. |
| ◾ | Warehousing and distribution services revenue consist of amounts billed to customers for storage, handling, and value-added packaging of customer merchandise. Storage revenue is recognized in the month the service is provided to the customer. Storage related costs are recognized as incurred. Other warehousing and distribution services revenue and related costs are recognized in proportion to the services performed. |
| ◾ | Supply chain management and other services revenue, and related costs are recognized in proportion to the services performed. |
The Company generally invoices its customers at the commencement of the voyage or the transportation service being provided, or as other services are being performed. Revenue is deferred when services are invoiced in advance to the
52
customer. The Company’s receivables are classified as short-term as collection terms are for periods of less than one year. The Company expenses sales commissions and contract acquisition costs as incurred because the amounts are generally immaterial. These expenses are included in selling, general and administration expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.
Customer Concentration: The Ocean Transportation segment serves customers in numerous industries and carries a wide variety of cargo, mitigating its dependence upon any single customer or single type of cargo. In 2022, the Company’s
The Logistics segment serves customers in numerous industries and geographical locations. In 2022, the Company’s
Dividends: The Company recognizes dividends as a liability when approved by the Board of Directors.
Repurchase of Shares: During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company repurchased approximately
Share-Based Compensation: The Company records compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors. The Company’s various stock-based compensation plans are more fully described in Note 15.
Income Taxes: The estimate of the Company’s income tax expense requires the Company to make various estimates and judgments. These estimates and judgments are applied in the calculation of taxable income, tax credits, tax benefits and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue, costs and expenses for tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted to the extent necessary to reflect tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse.
The Company records a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, management believes that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a recorded deferred tax asset would not be realized in future periods. The Company’s income taxes are more fully described in Note 10.
Rounding: Amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are rounded to millions, except for per share calculations and percentages which were determined based on amounts before rounding. Accordingly, a recalculation of some per-share amounts and percentages, if based on the reported data, may be slightly different.
3.REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Reportable segments are components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer.
The Company consists of
The Company’s Ocean Transportation segment provides ocean transportation services to the Logistics segment, and the Logistics segment provides logistics services to the Ocean Transportation segment in certain transactions. Accordingly, inter-segment revenue of $
53
Reportable segment financial information for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, are as follows:
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 | |||
Operating Revenue: | |||||||||
Ocean Transportation (1) | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Logistics (2) |
| |
| |
| | |||
Total Operating Revenue | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Operating Income: | |||||||||
Ocean Transportation (3) | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Logistics |
| |
| |
| | |||
Total Operating Income |
| |
| |
| | |||
Interest income | | — | — | ||||||
Interest expense |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||
Other income (expense), net |
| |
| |
| | |||
Income before Taxes |
| |
| |
| | |||
Income taxes |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||
Net Income | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Capital Expenditures: | |||||||||
Ocean Transportation | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Logistics |
| |
| |
| | |||
Total Capital Expenditures | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Depreciation and Amortization: | |||||||||
Ocean Transportation | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Logistics |
| |
| |
| | |||
| | | |||||||
Deferred dry-docking amortization - Ocean Transportation | | | | ||||||
Total Depreciation and Amortization | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
| (1) | Ocean Transportation operating revenue excludes inter-segment revenue of $ |
| (2) | Logistics operating revenue excludes inter-segment revenue of $ |
| (3) | Ocean Transportation segment information includes $ |
As of December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 | ||
Identifiable Assets: | ||||||
Ocean Transportation (1) | $ | | $ | | ||
Logistics |
| |
| | ||
Total Assets | $ | | $ | | ||
| (1) | The Ocean Transportation segment includes $ |
4. | INVESTMENT IN SSAT |
The Company accounts for its
54
December 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded an increase of $
The Company’s share of income recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income and dividends received by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 | |||
Company's share of net income | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Distributions received | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
The Company’s Ocean Transportation segment operating costs include $
A summary of the condensed balance sheets of SSAT at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
As of December 31, | ||||||
Condensed Balance Sheets (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 | ||
Current assets | $ | | $ | | ||
Non-current assets |
| |
| | ||
Total Assets | $ | | $ | | ||
Current liabilities | $ | | $ | | ||
Non-current liabilities |
| |
| | ||
Equity |
| |
| | ||
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | | $ | | ||
A summary of the condensed statements of operating income and net income of SSAT for years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||
Condensed Statements of Operating Income and Net Income (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 | |||
Operating revenue | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Operating costs and expenses |
| |
| |
| | |||
Operating income |
| |
| |
| | |||
Net Income (1) | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
(1) | Includes earnings from equity method investments held by SSAT less earnings allocated to non-controlling interests. |
5. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
Property and equipment at December 31, 2022 and 2021, and depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
As of December 31, 2022 |
| As of December 31, 2021 |
| |||||||||||||||||
|
| Accumulated |
|
|
|
| Accumulated |
|
| |||||||||||
(In millions) | Cost | Depreciation | Net Book Value |
| Cost | Depreciation | Net Book Value |
| ||||||||||||
Vessels | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Containers and equipment |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||||||
Terminal facilities and other property |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||||||
Vessel construction in progress | | — | | | — | | ||||||||||||||
Other construction in progress |
| | — |
| |
| |
| — |
| | |||||||||
Total | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Vessel construction in progress at December 31, 2022 includes milestone progress payments and capitalized interest related to the construction of
55
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |||
Depreciation expense | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
6. | GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
Goodwill by segment consists of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Ocean | |||||||||
(In millions) |
| Transportation |
| Logistics |
| Total | |||
Goodwill | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||
Logistics goodwill of $
Intangible assets by segment consist of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
As of December 31, 2022 |
| As of December 31, 2021 |
| |||||||||||||||||
Gross | Accumulated |
| Gross | Accumulated |
| |||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
| Amount |
| Amortization |
| Net Book Value |
|
| Amount |
| Amortization |
| Net Book Value |
| ||||||
Ocean Transportation - Customer relationships | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Logistics: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Customer relationships | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Trade name |
| | — | |
| | — | | ||||||||||||
Total Logistics |
| | | |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Ocean Transportation intangible assets of $
Intangible assets related amortization expense for 2022, 2021 and 2020, are as follows:
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |||
Amortization expense | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
As of December 31, 2022, estimated amortization expense related to customer relationship intangible assets during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
Customer | ||||
Year (in millions) | Relationships |
| ||
2023 | $ | | ||
2024 |
| | ||
2025 |
| | ||
2026 |
| | ||
2027 |
| | ||
Thereafter |
| | ||
Total | $ | | ||
7. | CAPITAL CONSTRUCTION FUND |
The Company is party to an agreement with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration (“MARAD”) that established a Capital Construction Fund (“CCF”) program under provisions of the Merchant Marine
56
Act of 1936, as amended (the “Merchant Marine Act”). The CCF program was created to assist owners and operators of U.S. flagged vessels in raising capital necessary for the modernization and expansion of the U.S. merchant marine fleet. CCF funds may be used for the acquisition, construction, or reconstruction of vessels, and for repayment of existing vessel indebtedness through the deferment of federal income taxes on certain deposits of monies and other property placed into the CCF. Qualified withdrawals from the CCF must be used for investment in vessels built in the U.S. and used between covered U.S. ports as described by the Merchant Marine Act, and for other qualifying expenditures (see Item 1 of Part 1 for additional information on Maritime Laws and the Jones Act). Participants of the CCF must also meet certain U.S. citizenship requirements.
Cash deposits into the CCF are limited by certain applicable earnings and other conditions. Such cash deposits, once made, are available as tax deductions in the Company’s income tax provision. Qualified withdrawals from the CCF do not give rise to a current income tax liability, but reduce the depreciable basis of the vessels or certain related equipment for income tax purposes. However, if withdrawals are made from the CCF for general corporate purposes or other non-qualified purposes, or upon termination of the agreement, they are taxable with interest payable from the year of deposit.
Deposits not committed for qualified purposes within
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, $
On February 17, 2023, the Company pledged an additional $
8. | DEBT |
The Company’s debt consists of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
As of December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 | ||
Private Placement Term Loans: | ||||||
$ | | $ | | |||
| — |
| | |||
| | |||||
| ||||||
| — |
| | |||
Title XI Debt: | ||||||
|
| | ||||
|
| | ||||
| ||||||
| ||||||
Total Debt |
| |
| | ||
Less: Current portion |
| ( |
| ( | ||
Total Long-term Debt | | | ||||
Less: Deferred loan fees | ( | ( | ||||
Total Long-term Debt, net of deferred loan fees | $ | | $ | | ||
57
The following is a description of the Company’s debt:
Private Placement Term Loans: During 2012, the Company issued $
Title XI Bonds: In September 2003, MatNav issued $
On January 27, 2023, the Company prepaid $
On April 27, 2020, MatNav issued $
On June 22, 2020, MatNav issued $
MatNav may prepay any amounts outstanding under the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements subject to a potential prepayment premium or other adjustment, in accordance with the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements. Once amounts under the 2020 Title XI Debt are repaid, they may not be reborrowed. Mandatory prepayments are required under certain limited circumstances, including specified casualty events with respect to Daniel K. Inouye and Kaimana Hila (the “Vessels”).
Revolving Credit Facility:
On March 31, 2021, the Company entered into the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which extended the maturity date to March 31, 2026, and retained the committed aggregate borrowings of up to $
58
On February 9, 2023, the Company further amended the Credit Agreement to replace LIBOR with a new benchmark interest rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). There were no other significant changes to the Credit Agreement as a result of this amendment.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $
Amendments to Existing Private Placement Term Loan Facilities and New Shelf Facilities (“Private Loan Facilities”):
On March 31, 2021, the Company and the holders of the notes party thereto entered into amendments (collectively, the “2021 Note Amendments”) to each of (i) the Third Amended and Restated Note Purchase Agreement and Private Shelf Agreement dated as of September 14, 2016, among the Company and the holders of the notes issued thereunder, as amended; and (ii) the Note Purchase Agreement dated December 21, 2016 among the Company and the holders of the notes issued thereunder, in each case as amended prior to such date.
The 2021 Note Amendments amended certain covenants and other terms, including the reduction of the maximum permitted consolidated leverage ratio to
Debt Maturities: At December 31, 2022, debt maturities during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
As of | |||
Year (in millions) |
| December 31, 2022 | |
2023 | $ | | |
2024 |
| | |
2025 |
| | |
2026 |
| | |
2027 |
| | |
Thereafter |
| | |
Total Debt | $ | | |
Deferred Loan Fees: Activity relating to deferred loan fees for the year ended December 31, 2022 are as follows:
Deferred Loan Fees (in millions) |
| Amount | |
Deferred financing costs related to Title XI bonds and private placement debt amendments | $ | | |
Deferred fees expensed related to the redemption of private placement debt | ( | ||
Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 |
| ( | |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | | |
As of December 31, 2022, amortization expense relating to deferred loan fees during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
Year (in millions) |
| Amount | |
2023 | $ | | |
2024 |
| | |
2025 |
| | |
2026 |
| | |
2027 |
| | |
Thereafter |
| | |
Total amortization expense of deferred loan fees | $ | | |
59
Debt Covenants in Existing Title XI Bonds and 2020 Title XI Debt Agreements: The Existing Title XI Bonds contain customary representations and warranties as well as affirmative and negative covenants, defaults and other provisions typical for MARAD-guaranteed financings of this type, with definitions and limitations as defined within the Existing Title XI Bonds. These covenants include, among other things, minimum working capital and net worth requirements, limitations on certain other indebtedness, loans and investments, liens, mergers, asset sales, sale and leaseback transactions, and transactions with affiliates as defined within the Existing Title XI Bonds. Certain of the covenants in the Existing Title XI Bonds are applicable only upon and during the continuance of either (i) an event of default or (ii) the failure of MatNav to meet certain financial requirements.
The 2020 Title XI Debt agreements contain customary representations and warranties as well as affirmative and negative covenants, defaults and other provisions typical for MARAD-guaranteed financings of this type, with definitions, limitations and financial tests all as negotiated between MatNav and MARAD. As part of the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements, certain covenants contained in the Existing Title XI Bonds were eliminated. The covenants in the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements include, among other things, limitations on certain other indebtedness, loans and investments, liens, mergers, asset sales, sale and leasebacks, and transactions with affiliates as defined within the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements. Certain of the covenants in the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements are applicable only upon and during the continuance of either (i) an event of default or (ii) the failure of either the Company or MatNav to meet certain supplemental financial tests, including the following:
| ● | The supplemental financial tests applicable to MatNav include maintenance of a working capital minimum of $ |
| ● | The supplemental financial tests applicable to the Company include maintenance of a net worth greater than or equal to |
Debt Security and Guarantees: All of the debt of the Company and MatNav, including related guarantees, as of December 31, 2022 was unsecured, except for the Existing Title XI Bonds and the 2020 Title XI Debt.
Under the 2020 Title XI Debt agreements, MARAD has guaranteed certain obligations of MatNav. MatNav has agreed to reimburse MARAD for any payments it makes under the MARAD guaranty, and MatNav’s obligations to MARAD with respect to the 2020 Title XI Debt are secured by a mortgage on the Vessels and certain other related assets (the “Collateral”), as well as the Existing Vessels (as defined below). In addition, MatNav’s obligations to MARAD with respect to the 2020 Title XI Debt are guaranteed by the Company under an Affiliate Guaranty.
The 2020 Title XI Debt agreements also provide that the
60
9. | LEASES |
Description of Operating Leases: The Company has different types of operating leases, the specific terms and conditions of which vary from lease to lease. Certain operating lease agreements include terms such as: (i) renewal and early termination options; (ii) early buy-out and purchase options; and (iii) rent escalation clauses. The lease agreements also include provisions for the maintenance of the leased asset and payment of lease related costs. The Company reviews the specific terms and conditions of each lease and, as appropriate, notifies the lessor of any intent to exercise any option in accordance with the terms of the lease. In the normal course of business, the Company expects to be able to renew or replace most of its operating leases with other similar leases as they expire. The Company’s leases do not contain any residual value guarantees.
The Company’s sub-lease income was nominal to the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company did not have any finance leases during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Certain of the Company’s lease agreements include rental payments that may be adjusted in the future based on economic conditions and others include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation. Variable lease expense is disclosed for the adjusted portion of such payments.
The lease type by underlying asset class and maximum terms of the Company’s operating leases are as follows:
Lease Type: |
| Term |
Real estate and terminal leases |
| |
Vessel and barge charter leases |
| |
Operations equipment and other leases |
|
Incremental Borrowing Rate: As most of the Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the date of adoption and subsequent lease commencement dates in calculating the present value of its operating lease liabilities. The incremental borrowing rate is determined using the U.S. Treasury rate adjusted to account for the Company’s credit rating and the collateralized nature of operating leases.
Components of Lease Cost: Components of lease cost recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income consists of the following for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended | ||||||
December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 | 2021 | |||
Operating lease cost | $ | | $ | | ||
Short-term lease cost |
| |
| | ||
Variable lease cost |
| |
| | ||
Total lease cost | $ | | $ | | ||
Other Lease Information: Other information related to the Company’s operating leases consists of the following for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended | ||||||
December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 | 2021 | |||
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities | $ | | $ | | ||
Right of use assets obtained in the exchange for new operating lease liabilities | $ | | $ | | ||
As of December 31, | ||||||
2022 |
| 2021 | ||||
Weighted average remaining operating lease term | ||||||
Weighted average incremental borrowing rate | ||||||
61
Maturities of operating lease liabilities consist of the following at December 31, 2022:
| As of | ||
Year (in millions) |
| December 31, 2022 | |
2023 | $ | | |
2024 |
| | |
2025 |
| | |
2026 |
| | |
2027 |
| | |
Thereafter |
| | |
Total lease payments | | ||
Less: Interest | ( | ||
Present value of operating lease liabilities | | ||
( | |||
Long-term operating lease liabilities | $ | | |
Sale and Leaseback of Equipment: On March 25, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement for the sale and leaseback of multiple tranches of chassis and container equipment. The net proceeds from the sales were $
Termination of Vessel Charter: On July 7, 2021, MatNav entered into an agreement to acquire Maunalei which was previously operated under a vessel charter lease agreement for $
10. | INCOME TAXES |
Income Taxes:
Income taxes consist of the following for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |||
Current: | ||||||||||
Federal | $ | | $ | | $ | — | ||||
State |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Foreign | | | | |||||||
Total |
| |
| |
| | ||||
Deferred: | ||||||||||
Deferred tax expense | | | | |||||||
Total income taxes | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 differ from amounts computed by applying the statutory federal rate to income before income taxes for the following reasons:
Years Ended December 31, |
| ||||||
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |
Computed federal income tax expense |
| % | % | % | |||
State income tax |
| % | % | % | |||
Foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) |
| ( | % | ( | % | — | % |
Valuation allowance |
| — | % | ( | % | ( | % |
Foreign taxes |
| % | % | % | |||
Share-based payments |
| — | % | ( | % | ( | % |
Other — net |
| ( | % | ( | % | % | |
Effective income tax rate |
| % | % | % | |||
62
The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2022 and 2021, were as follows:
As of December 31, |
| ||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||
Deferred tax assets: | |||||||
Operating lease liabilities | $ | | $ | | |||
Multi-employer withdrawal liabilities | | | |||||
Deferred compensation |
| | | ||||
U.S. State alternative minimum tax credits |
| |
| | |||
Pension and post-retirement plans | — | | |||||
Other |
| |
| | |||
Total deferred tax assets |
| |
| | |||
Valuation allowance |
| ( | ( | ||||
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | | | |||||
Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||
Basis differences for property and equipment |
| |
| | |||
Capital Construction Fund |
| | | ||||
Operating lease right of use assets |
| |
| | |||
Intangibles | | | |||||
Investment in SSAT |
| |
| | |||
Other | | | |||||
Total deferred tax liabilities |
| |
| | |||
Deferred tax liability, net | $ | | $ | | |||
Valuation Allowance: Valuation allowances are recorded against the Company’s foreign income tax net operating losses (“NOLs”), unusable state income tax NOLs and alternative minimum tax credits, and were $
Net Operating Losses and Tax Credit Carryforwards: The Company’s NOLs and tax credit carryforwards consist of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
(In millions) | Expiration Date |
| 2022 |
| 2021 | |||
U.S. Federal income tax NOLs | Various dates beginning in 2027 | $ | | $ | | |||
U.S. State income tax NOLs (1) | Various dates beginning in 2032 | $ | | $ | | |||
U.S. State alternative minimum tax credit | No expiration date | $ | | $ | | |||
Foreign income tax NOLs | No expiration date | $ | — | $ | | |||
| (1) | U.S. State income tax NOLs are presented on a gross tax basis. The Company does not expect to benefit from $ |
The U.S. federal and state income tax NOLs in the Company’s filed income tax returns include unrecognized tax benefits. The deferred tax assets recognized for those NOLs are presented net of these unrecognized tax benefits. As a result of changes in tax legislation, the use of a portion of the Company’s domestic NOL and tax credit carryforwards may be limited in future periods. Further, a portion of the federal and state income tax NOLs and tax credit carryforwards may expire before being applied to reduce future income tax liabilities.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits: Total unrecognized benefits represent the amount that, if recognized, would favorably affect the Company’s incomes taxes and effective tax rate in future periods. The Company does not expect a material
63
change in gross unrecognized benefits in the next twelve months. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
Unrecognized Tax Benefits (in millions) |
| Amount |
| |
Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | | ||
Changes in tax positions of prior years, net |
| | ||
Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations | ( | |||
Balance at December 31, 2020 |
| | ||
Changes in tax positions of prior years, net |
| | ||
Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations | ( | |||
Balance at December 31, 2021 |
| | ||
Changes in tax positions of prior years, net |
| | ||
Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations | ( | |||
Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | | ||
Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2022 are potential benefits of $
The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax audits for years before 2015. The Company is routinely involved in federal, state, local income and excise tax audits, and foreign tax audits.
Recent U.S. Tax Legislation: On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) was signed into law in the United States. The new provisions impose a one percent excise tax on the fair market value of share repurchases after December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect the one percent excise tax to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements in future periods. Because the excise tax is not an income tax, any amount paid by the Company will be recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity.
The provisions of the IRA also include a 15 percent alternative minimum tax rate that generally applies to U.S. corporations with three-year average adjusted financial statement income in excess of $1 billion, and is effective in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2022. The Company continues to review the provisions of the IRA and monitor the issuance of any guidance related to these provisions. However, based upon its preliminary assessment, the Company does not expect these provisions to have a material impact on the Company’s tax provision in future periods.
11. | PENSION AND POST-RETIREMENT PLANS |
The Company had
Plan Administration, Investments and Asset Allocations: The Company has a Benefits Investment Committee that meets regularly with investment advisors to establish investment policies, direct investments and select investment options for the qualified plan. The Benefits Investment Committee is also responsible for appointing investment managers and monitoring their performance. The Company’s investment policy permits investments in marketable equity securities, such as domestic and foreign stocks, domestic and foreign bonds, venture capital, real estate investments, and cash equivalents. The Company’s investment policy does not permit direct investment in certain types of assets, such as options or commodities, or the use of certain strategies, such as short selling or the purchase of securities on margin.
64
The Company’s investment strategy for its qualified pension plan assets is to achieve a diversified mix of investments that provides for long-term growth at an acceptable level of risk, and to provide sufficient liquidity to fund ongoing benefit payments. The Company has engaged a number of investment managers to implement various investment strategies to achieve the desired asset class mix, liquidity and risk diversification objectives.
The Company’s target and actual asset allocations at December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
Asset Categories |
| Target |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
|
Domestic equity securities |
| % | % | % | |||
International equity securities |
| % | % | % | |||
Debt securities |
| % | % | % | |||
Real estate |
| % | % | % | |||
Other and cash |
| % | % | % | |||
Total |
| % | % | % |
The Company’s investments in equity securities primarily include domestic large-cap and mid-cap companies, but also includes an allocation to small-cap and international equity securities. Equity investments do not include any direct holdings of the Company’s stock but may include such holdings to the extent that the stock is included as part of certain mutual fund holdings. Debt securities include investment-grade and high-yield corporate bonds from diversified industries, mortgage-backed securities, and U.S. Treasuries. Other types of investments include funds that invest in commercial real estate assets. All assets within specific funds are allocated to the target asset allocation of the fund.
The expected return on plan assets is principally based on the Company’s historical returns combined with the Company’s long-term future expectations regarding asset class returns, the mix of plan assets, and inflation assumptions. Actual return on plan assets for the periods presented are as follows:
Actual Return on Plan Assets |
| Returns |
|
One-year return |
| ( | % |
Three-year return |
| % | |
Five-year return |
| % | |
Long-term average return (since plan inception in 1989) |
| % |
The Company’s pension plan assets are held in a trust and are stated at estimated fair values of the underlying investments. Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on a trade-date basis. Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis. Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date.
Equity Securities: Domestic and international common stocks are valued by obtaining quoted prices on recognized and highly liquid exchanges.
Fixed Income Securities: Corporate bonds and U.S. government treasury and agency securities are valued based on the closing price reported in the market in which the security is traded. U.S. government agency and corporate asset-backed securities may utilize models, such as a matrix pricing model, that incorporate other observable inputs when broker/dealer quotes are not available, such as cash flow, security structure, or market information.
Real Estate and Private Equity Funds: The fair value of real estate and private equity funds is determined by the issuer based on their net asset value (“NAV”). NAV is determined by dividing the fund’s net assets, as recorded in the fund’s audited financial statements, by the number of units outstanding at the valuation date. Fair value for underlying investments in real estate is determined through independent property appraisals.
65
The fair values of the Company’s pension plan assets at December 31, 2022 and 2021 by asset category were as follows:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 |
| ||||||||||||
|
| Quoted Prices in |
| Significant |
| Significant |
| ||||||
Active Markets | Observable | Unobservable |
| ||||||||||
Asset Category (in millions) | Total | (Level 1) | Inputs (Level 2) | Inputs (Level 3) |
| ||||||||
Cash | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
Equity securities: | |||||||||||||
U.S. large-cap |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
U.S. mid- and small-cap |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
International large-cap |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
Fixed income securities: | |||||||||||||
U.S. Treasuries |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |||||
Municipal bonds |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |||||
Investment grade U.S. corporate bonds | |
| — |
| |
| — | ||||||
Convertible Bonds |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |||||
International Fixed Income | | — | | — | |||||||||
Total | | $ | | $ | | $ | — | ||||||
Investment measured at NAV (1) | | ||||||||||||
Total plan assets | $ | | |||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021 |
| ||||||||||||
|
| Quoted Prices in |
| Significant |
| Significant |
| ||||||
Active Markets | Observable | Unobservable |
| ||||||||||
Asset Category (in millions) | Total | (Level 1) | Inputs (Level 2) | Inputs (Level 3) |
| ||||||||
Cash | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
Equity securities: | |||||||||||||
U.S. large-cap |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
U.S. mid- and small-cap |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
International large-cap |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
Fixed income securities: | |||||||||||||
U.S. Treasuries |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |||||
Investment grade U.S. corporate bonds |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |||||
High-yield U.S. corporate bonds / Non-U.S. Bonds |
| |
| — |
| |
| — | |||||
Total | | $ | | $ | | $ | — | ||||||
Investment measured at NAV (1) | | ||||||||||||
Total plan assets | $ | | |||||||||||
| (1) | Real estate and private equity funds for which fair value is measured using the NAV per share as a practical expedient are not leveled within the fair value hierarchy and are included as a reconciling item to total plan assets. |
Contributions to the qualified single-employer defined benefit pension plans are determined annually by the Company’s pension administrative committee, based upon the actuarially determined minimum required contribution under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), as amended, the Pension Protection Act of 2006, and the maximum deductible contribution allowed for tax purposes. The Company’s funding policy is to contribute cash so that it meets at least the minimum contribution requirements, with an allowance for discretionary contributions. In 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company contributed $
The benefit formulas for employees who are members of collective bargaining units are determined according to the collective bargaining agreements, either using final average pay as the base or a flat dollar amount per year of service.
Effective December 31, 2011, the Company froze benefit accruals under the final average pay formula for salaried, non-bargaining unit employees hired before January 1, 2008 and transitioned them to the same cash balance formula for employees hired on or after January 1, 2008. Retirement benefits under the cash balance formula are based on a fixed percentage of employee eligible compensation, plus interest. The plan interest credit rate will vary from year to year based on the ten-year U.S. Treasury rate.
66
Benefit Plan Assets and Obligations: The measurement date for the Company’s benefit plan disclosures is December 31 of each year.
The status of the funded qualified defined benefit pension plan and the unfunded post-retirement benefit plan at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are shown below:
Post-retirement |
| ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Benefits |
| |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||||
Change in Benefit Obligation: | |||||||||||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Service cost |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||
Interest cost |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||
Participant contributions |
| — |
| — |
| |
| | |||||
Actuarial (gain) loss |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| | |||||
Benefits paid, net of subsidies received |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Expenses paid |
| ( |
| ( |
| — |
| — | |||||
Benefit obligation at end of year | | | | | |||||||||
Change in Plan Assets: | |||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | | | — | — | |||||||||
Actual return on plan assets |
| ( |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
Participant contributions |
| — |
| — |
| |
| | |||||
Employer contributions |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||
Benefits paid, net of subsidies received |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Expenses paid |
| ( |
| ( |
| — |
| — | |||||
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |
| |
| |
| — |
| — | |||||
Funded Status and Recognized Liability | $ | | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||
Qualified pension and post-retirement benefit plans liabilities recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and expenses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
Post-retirement |
| ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Benefits |
| |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||||
Non-current assets | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
Current liabilities | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||
Non-current liabilities |
| — |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||
Total | $ | | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||
Net (loss) gain, net of taxes | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | | $ | ( | |||||
Prior service credit, net of taxes |
| — |
| |
| |
| | |||||
Total | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | | $ | | |||||
The information for qualified defined benefit pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are shown below:
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| ||
Projected benefit obligation | $ | — | $ | | |||
Accumulated benefit obligation | $ | — | $ | | |||
Fair value of plan assets | $ | — | $ | | |||
Unrecognized gains and losses of the post-retirement benefit plans are amortized over
67
Components of the net periodic benefit cost and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) for the qualified pension plans and the post-retirement benefit plans during 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
Pension Benefits | Post-retirement Benefits |
| |||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| ||||||
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Benefit): | |||||||||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||
Interest cost |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| — |
| — |
| — | |||||||
Amortization of net loss (gain) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | ( | ( | | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||
Net (gain) loss | ( | ( | | ( | — | | |||||||||||||
Amortization of net (loss) gain |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | |||||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |||||||
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss | ( | ( | | ( | | | |||||||||||||
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income) loss | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | | $ | ( | $ | | $ | | |||||||
The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit information during 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
Pension Benefits | Post-retirement Benefits |
| |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |
Discount rate (1) |
| | % | | % | | % | | % | | % | | % |
Expected return on plan assets |
| | % | | % | | % | ||||||
Rate of compensation increase |
| % | | % | | % | % | | % | | % | ||
Cash balance interest credit rate | % | % | % | ||||||||||
Immediate health care cost trend rate: | |||||||||||||
Pre-65 group | | % | | % | | % | |||||||
Post-65 group | | % | | % | | % | |||||||
Ultimate health care cost trend rate | | % | | % | | % | |||||||
Year ultimate health care cost trend rate is reached: | |||||||||||||
Pre-65 group | 2046 | 2045 | 2037 | ||||||||||
Post-65 group | 2046 | 2045 | 2036 | ||||||||||
| (1) | The Company derives a single equivalent rate utilizing a yield curve constructed from a portfolio of high-quality corporate bonds with various maturities. |
68
Non-qualified Pension Plans: The Company has non-qualified supplemental pension plans covering certain employees and retirees, which provide for incremental pension payments from the Company’s general funds so that total pension benefits would be substantially equal to amounts that would have been payable from the Company’s qualified pension plans if it were not for limitations imposed by income tax law. A few employees and retirees receive additional supplemental pension benefits. Non-qualified pension plan liabilities recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and expenses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
| Non-qualified |
| |||||
| Pension Benefits |
| |||||
| December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) | 2022 |
| 2021 |
| |||
Current liabilities | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||
Non-current liabilities | ( | ( | |||||
Total | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||
Net loss, net of taxes | $ | | $ | ( | |||
Total | $ | | $ | ( | |||
Discount rates of
Estimated Benefit Payments: The estimated future benefit payments for the next ten years consist of the following as of December 31, 2022:
|
|
|
| |||||||
Non-qualified |
| |||||||||
Pension | Pension | Post-retirement | ||||||||
Year (in millions) | Benefits | Benefits | Benefits (1) |
| ||||||
2023 | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
2024 |
| |
| |
| | ||||
2025 |
| |
| |
| | ||||
2026 |
| |
| |
| | ||||
2027 |
| |
| |
| | ||||
2028-2032 | | | | |||||||
Total | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
| (1) | Net of participant contributions and Medicare Part D subsidies. |
Defined Contribution Plans: The Company sponsors defined contribution plans that qualify under Sections 401(a) and 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company may make discretionary matching contributions equal to a specified percentage of each participant’s 401(k) contributions and makes other non-discretionary contributions. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company provided discretionary matching contributions of up to
The Company may also provide a discretionary profit sharing contribution under the qualified defined contribution plans, to salaried, non-bargaining unit employees, if both a minimum threshold of Company performance is achieved and the Board has approved the profit sharing contribution. For certain eligible employees, supplemental profit sharing contributions are credited under a non-qualified plan to be paid after separation from service from the Company’s general funds so that total profit sharing contributions would be substantially equal to amounts that would have been contributed to the Company’s qualified defined contribution plans if it were not for limitations imposed by income tax law. Discretionary profit sharing contributions expensed in 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $
Multi-employer Bargaining Plans:
The Company contributes to multi-employer defined benefit pension plans under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements that cover its bargaining unit employees. Contributions are generally based on amounts paid for union labor or cargo volume. The risks of participating in multi-employer plans are different from single-employer plans because assets contributed to the multi-employer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of other
69
participating employers. Additionally, if one employer stops contributing to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers.
The multi-employer pension plans are subject to the plan termination insurance provisions of ERISA and are paying premiums to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (“PBGC”). The statutes provide that an employer who withdraws from, or significantly reduces its contribution obligation to, a multi-employer plan generally will be required to continue funding its proportional share of the plan’s unfunded vested benefits. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s estimated benefit plan withdrawal obligations were $
Information regarding the Company’s participation in multi-employer pension plans is outlined in the table below. The “EIN/Pension Plan Number” column provides the Employer Identification Number (“EIN”) and the three-digit plan number, if applicable. Unless otherwise noted, the most recent Pension Protection Act zone status available in 2022 and 2021 is for the plan’s year-end at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The zone status is based on information that the Company received from the plan and is certified by the plan’s actuary. Among other factors, plans in the red zone are generally less than
Pension |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protection Act | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Zone as of | FIP/RP Status | 5% | Contributions of Matson |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
EIN/Pension | December 31, | Pending/ | Contributor | (in millions) | Surcharge | Expiration |
| |||||||||||||||||||
Pension Funds |
| Plan Number |
| Notes |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| Implemented |
| in 2022 |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| Imposed |
| Date (2) |
| |||
American Radio Association Pension Fund |
| 13-6161999-001 |
| Green |
| Green |
| Implemented | Yes | $ | | $ | | $ | |
| No |
| 6/15/2028 | |||||||
Hawaii Longshore Pension Plan | 99-0314293-001 | (1) | Green | Green | No | Yes | | | — | No | 6/30/2022 | |||||||||||||||
Hawaii Terminals Multiemployer Pension Plan |
| 20-0389370-001 | (1) | N/A |
| N/A |
| N/A | N/A | — | — | |
| N/A |
| N/A | ||||||||||
Hawaii Stevedoring Multiemployer Retirement Plan |
| 99-0314293-001 | (1) | N/A |
| N/A |
| N/A | N/A |
| — |
| — |
| |
| N/A |
| N/A | |||||||
Master, Mates and Pilots Pension Plan |
| 13-6372630-001 | Green |
| Green |
| No | Yes |
| |
| |
| |
| No | 6/15/2027, | |||||||||
6/15/2028 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Masters, Mates and Pilots Adjustable Pension Plan |
| 37-1719247-001 | Green |
| Green |
| No | Yes |
| |
| |
| |
| No | 6/15/2027, | |||||||||
6/15/2028 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MEBA Pension Trust - Defined Benefit Plan |
| 51-6029896-001 | Green |
| Green |
| No | Yes |
| |
| |
| |
| No |
| 6/15/2028 | ||||||||
OCU Pension Trust Plan |
| 26-1574440-001 | Green |
| Green |
| No | No |
| |
| |
| |
| No |
| 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
MFOW Supplementary Pension Plan | 94-6201677-001 | Yellow | Yellow | No | Yes | | | | No | 6/30/2026 | ||||||||||||||||
SIU Pacific District Pension Plan | 94-6061923-001 | Green | Green | No | Yes | | | | No | 6/30/2026 | ||||||||||||||||
Alaska Teamster - Employer Pension Plan | 92-6003463-024 | Red | Red | Implemented | Yes | | | | No | 6/30/2023, | ||||||||||||||||
6/30/2024, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6/30/2025, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6/30/2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All Alaska Longshore Pension Plan | 91-6085352-001 | Green | Green | No | Yes | | | | No | 6/30/2022 | ||||||||||||||||
Western Conference of Teamsters Pension Plan | 91-6145047-001 | Green | Green | No | No | | | | No | 3/31/2023 | ||||||||||||||||
Western Conference of Teamsters Supplemental Benefit Trust | 95-3746907-001 | Green | Green | No | No | | — | — | No | 3/31/2023 | ||||||||||||||||
OPEIU Local 153 Pension Plan | 13-2864289-001 | Red | Red | Implemented | No | | | | No | 11/9/2023 | ||||||||||||||||
Seafarers Pension Plan | 13-6100329-001 | (3) | Green | Green | No | No | — | — | — | No | 6/30/2027 | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | The Hawaii Terminals Multiemployer Pension Plan merged into the Hawaii Stevedoring Multiemployer Retirement Plan effective January 1, 2021 and is formally known as the Hawaii Longshore Pension Plan. |
| (2) | Represents the expiration date of the collective bargaining agreement. Certain collective bargaining agreements have expired and are currently being renegotiated. |
| (3) | The Company does not make contributions directly to the Seafarers Pension Plan. Instead, contributions are made to the Seafarers Health and Benefits Plan, and are subsequently re-allocated to the Seafarers Pension Plan at the discretion of the plan Trustee. |
The Company also contributes to multi-employer plans that provide post-retirement health and other benefits other than pensions under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements. Benefits provided to active and retired employees and their eligible dependents under these plans include medical, dental, vision and prescription drugs. These plans are not subject to the PBGC plan termination and withdrawal liability provisions of ERISA applicable to multi-employer defined benefit pension plans. Contributions for these multi-employer postretirement health and other benefits were $
70
Multi-employer Defined Contribution Plans: The Company contributes to
12. | MULTI-EMPLOYER WITHDRAWAL LIABILITIES |
Horizon ceased all of its operations in Puerto Rico during the first quarter of 2015, which resulted in a mass withdrawal from its multi-employer ILA-PRSSA pension fund. The Company assumed this liability as part of the acquisition of Horizon on May 29, 2015. The Company estimated the mass withdrawal liability based upon the required undiscounted quarterly payment of approximately $
Year (in millions) | Total | ||
2023 |
| $ | |
2024 | | ||
2025 | | ||
2026 | | ||
2027 | | ||
Thereafter | | ||
Total remaining future undiscounted payments due to the ILA-PRSSA pension fund | | ||
Less: amount representing interest | ( | ||
Present value of multi-employer withdrawal liability | | ||
Current portion of multi-employer withdrawal liability (see Note 2) | ( | ||
Long-term portion of multi-employer withdrawal liability (see Note 2) |
| $ | |
Furthermore, the Company assumed a partial withdrawal liability related to the Local 153 Fund of the OPEIU. The partial withdrawal liability resulted from a decline in the number of contribution base units related to the Local 153 Fund caused by Horizon terminating all of its operations in Puerto Rico during the first quarter of 2015. The Company paid off this partial withdrawal liability of $
13.ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax, consist of the following for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
|
|
| Non- |
|
| Accumulated |
| |||||||||
Post- | Qualified | Other |
| |||||||||||||
Pension | Retirement | Pension | Comprehensive |
| ||||||||||||
(In millions) | Benefits | Benefits | Benefits | Other | Income (Loss) |
| ||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | ( | $ | | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
| ( | ( | ( | — |
| ( | |||||||||
Amortization of net loss (gain) | | | — | — |
| | ||||||||||
Foreign currency exchange | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||
Other adjustments | — |
| — |
| — |
| |
| | |||||||
Balance at December 31, 2021 |
| ( |
| |
| ( |
| ( |
| ( | ||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
| ( | ( | — | — |
| ( | |||||||||
Amortization of net loss (gain) |
| | | | |
| | |||||||||
Foreign currency exchange | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||
Other adjustments |
| — | — | — | |
| | |||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | ( | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | ( | ||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income is shown net of tax benefit (expense) of $(
71
14.EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share are determined by dividing net income by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the year. The calculation of diluted earnings per share includes the dilutive effect of unexercised non-qualified stock options and non-vested stock units. The computation of weighted average dilutive shares outstanding excluded a nominal amount of anti-dilutive non-qualified stock options for each of the years 2022, 2021 and 2020.
The denominators used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Year Ended December 31, 2022 | Year Ended December 31, 2021 | Year Ended December 31, 2020 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| Weighted |
| Per |
|
| Weighted |
| Per |
|
| Weighted |
| Per |
| ||||||||||
Average | Common | Average | Common | Average | Common |
| |||||||||||||||||||
Net | Common | Share | Net | Common | Share | Net | Common | Share |
| ||||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) | Income | Shares | Amount | Income | Shares | Amount | Income | Shares | Amount |
| |||||||||||||||
Basic: | $ | |
| | $ | | $ | |
| | $ | | $ | |
| | $ | | |||||||
Effect of Dilutive Securities: | — |
| | ( | — |
| | ( | — |
| | ( | |||||||||||||
Diluted: | $ | | | $ | | $ | | | $ | | $ | | | $ | | ||||||||||
15. | SHARE-BASED AWARDS |
The Company has share-based compensation plans which are described as follows:
2016 Incentive Compensation Plan: The Amended and Restated Matson, Inc. 2016 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2016 Plan”) serves as a successor to the 2007 Incentive Compensation Plan and all other predecessor plans.
The 2016 Plan consists of
Discretionary Grant Program — Under the Discretionary Grant Program, stock options may be granted with an exercise price no less than
Stock Issuance Program — Under the Stock Issuance Program, shares of common stock, restricted stock units or performance shares may be granted. Time-based equity awards generally vest ratably over
Automatic Grant Program — At each annual shareholder meeting, non-employee directors will receive an award of restricted stock units that entitle the holder to an equivalent number of shares of common stock upon vesting, under the Automatic Grant Program. Awards of restricted stock units granted under the program generally vest on the
The shares of common stock authorized to be issued under the 2016 Plan may be drawn from shares of the Company’s authorized but unissued common stock or from shares of its common stock that the Company acquires, including shares purchased on the open market or in private transactions.
72
Share-based compensation expense and other information related to share-based awards for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Years Ended December 31, |
| |||||||||
Share-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures (in millions) |
| 2022 |
| 2021 |
| 2020 |
| |||
Share-based compensation expense | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Intrinsic value of options exercised | $ | — | $ | — | $ | | ||||
Tax benefit realized upon stock vesting | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
Fair value of stock vested | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||
As of December 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock units and performance-based equity awards was $
The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock unit activity through December 31, 2022 (in thousands, except weighted average grant-date fair value amounts):
| 2007 Plan |
| 2016 Plan |
| Total |
| Weighted |
| ||
Restricted | Restricted | Restricted | Average Grant- | |||||||
Stock Units | Stock Units | Stock Units | Date Fair Value |
| ||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 |
| |
| |
| | $ | |||
Granted | — | | | |||||||
Vested | ( | ( | ( | |||||||
Canceled | — | ( | ( | |||||||
Added by performance factor (1) | — | | | |||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 |
| — |
| |
| | $ | |||
| (1) | Represents shares paid out above target. |
16.FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company values its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy of valuation techniques for fair value measurements. Level 1 inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs other than quoted prices observable for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. If the technique used to measure fair value includes inputs from multiple levels of the fair value hierarchy, the lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.
The Company uses Level 1 inputs for the fair values of its cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and Capital Construction Fund, and Level 2 inputs for its variable and fixed rate debt. The fair values of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, Capital Construction Fund and variable rate debt approximate their carrying values due to the nature of the instruments. The fair value of fixed rate debt is calculated based upon interest rates available for debt with terms and maturities similar to the Company’s existing debt arrangements.
The carrying value and fair value of the Company’s financial instruments consists of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Quoted Prices in | Significant | Significant | ||||||||||||||
Total | Active Markets | Observable | Unobservable | |||||||||||||
| Carrying Value |
| Total |
| (Level 1) |
| Inputs (Level 2) |
| Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||
(In millions) | December 31, 2022 | Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Restricted cash | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Capital Construction Fund | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Fixed rate debt | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | | $ | — | ||||||
(In millions) |
| December 31, 2021 | Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | | $ | |
| $ | | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
Restricted cash | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Fixed rate debt | $ | | $ | | $ | — | $ | | $ | — | ||||||
73
17. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
Commitments and contractual obligations, excluding debt obligations (see Note 8), lease commitments (see Note 9), pension and post-retirement plan commitments, and multi-employer bargaining plan withdrawal obligations (see Note 11 and 12), are as follows as of December 31, 2022:
Commitments and Contractual Obligations (in millions) |
| Total |
| |
Standby letters of credit (1) | $ | | ||
Bonds (2) | $ | | ||
Vessel construction obligations (3) | $ | | ||
Vendor and other obligations (4) | $ | | ||
| (1) | Standby letters of credit are required for the Company’s uninsured workers’ compensation and other insurance programs, and other needs. |
| (2) | Bonds are required for U.S. Customs and other related matters. |
| (3) | Vessel construction obligations represent remaining contractual obligations entered into for the construction of |
| (4) | Vendor and other obligations include: (i) non-cancellable contractual capital project obligations; (ii) dry-docking related obligations; and (iii) other contractual obligations. Amounts are considered obligations if a contract has been agreed to specifying significant terms of the contract, and the amounts are not reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
These amounts are not recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet and it is not expected that the Company or its subsidiaries will be called upon to advance funds under these commitments.
Contingencies: Contingencies and other litigation related matters are described as follows:
Environmental Matters: The Company’s Ocean Transportation segment has certain risks that could result in expenditures for environmental remediation.
On November 10, 2021, the California Air Resources Board (“CARB”) issued a Notice of Violation (the “NOV”) to Matson for alleged violations of the Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Auxiliary Diesel Engines Operated on Ocean-Going Vessels At-Berth in a California Port pursuant to California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 93118.3. CARB regulations require that a company’s fleet plug into shore power for at least 80 percent of visits at California ports and reduce auxiliary engine power generation by at least 80 percent. The NOV alleges that Matson’s fleet did not meet the 80 percent thresholds during visits to the Port of Long Beach in 2020. The violations were alleged to have been incurred by chartered vessels in the CLX+ service. These chartered vessels were not outfitted with alternative maritime power (“AMP”) capability which would have allowed them to plug into the shore power grid and shut down the vessel diesel generators when at dock. The Company has presented mitigating factors for consideration in settlement discussions with CARB as well as plans to achieve compliance. Although potential penalties for 2020, 2021 and 2022 violations could, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to exceed $1 million, they are not expected to be material to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Other Matters: The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to, or may be contingently liable in connection with, other legal actions arising in the normal course of their businesses, the outcomes of which, in the opinion of management after consultation with counsel, would not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Conclusion Regarding Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Internal Control over Financial Reporting
See page 41 for management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting, which is incorporated herein by reference.
See page 42 for the attestation report of the independent registered public accounting firm on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which is incorporated herein by reference.
There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the Company’s fiscal fourth quarter ended December 31, 2022, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
None.
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PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
A. | Directors |
The information about the directors of Matson required under this item will be included under the section captioned “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors” in Matson’s Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (“Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement”), which section is incorporated herein by reference.
B. | Information About Our Executive Officers |
The information about the executive officers of Matson required under this item will be included under the subsection captioned “Executive Officers” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which subsection is incorporated herein by reference.
C. | Corporate Governance |
The information about the Audit Committee of the Matson Board of Directors and compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, will be included under the subsections captioned “Board of Directors and Committees of Board” and, if applicable, “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which subsections are incorporated herein by reference.
D. | Code of Ethics |
The information about Matson’s Code of Ethics required under this item will be included under the subsection captioned “Code of Ethics” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which subsection is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required under this item will be included under the section captioned “Executive Compensation” and the subsections captioned “Compensation of Directors” and “Pay Risk Assessment” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which section and subsections are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Equity Compensation Plan Information: The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2022, certain information regarding Matson’s equity compensation plan:
Number of shares | |||||||||||
| Number of shares |
|
|
|
| remaining available for |
| ||||
to be issued |
| Weighted-average |
| future issuance under |
| ||||||
upon exercise of |
| exercise price of |
| equity compensation |
| ||||||
outstanding options, |
| outstanding options, |
| plans (excluding shares |
| ||||||
Plan Category | warrants and rights |
| warrants and rights |
| reflected in column (a)) |
| |||||
(a) | (b) | (c) | |||||||||
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders | 545,953 | (1) | $ | — | (2) | 2,117,506 | (3) | ||||
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders | — | — |
| — | |||||||
Total | 545,953 | $ | — |
| 2,117,506 |
| (1) | This includes 270,309 shares subject to unvested restricted stock unit awards and 275,644 shares subject to unvested Performance Share awards. |
| (2) | Restricted stock unit and Performance Share awards do not have exercise prices. |
| (3) | These shares are available for issuance under the 2016 Plan. |
Other information required under this item will be included under the section captioned “Security Ownership of Certain Shareholders” and the subsection captioned “Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which section and subsection are incorporated herein by reference.
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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required under this item will be included in the section captioned “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors” and the subsection captioned “Certain Relationships and Transactions” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which section and subsection are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information concerning principal accountant fees and services required under this item will be included under the sections captioned “Audit Committee Report” and “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in Matson’s 2023 Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated herein by reference.
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PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
A. | Financial Statements |
The Consolidated Financial Statements are set forth in Item 8 of Part II above.
B. | Financial Statement Schedules |
All schedules are omitted because of the absence of the conditions under which they are required or because the information called for is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto.
C. | Exhibits Required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K |
Exhibits not filed herewith are incorporated by reference to the exhibit number and previous filing shown in parentheses. All previous exhibits were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, D.C.
Exhibits filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 were filed under file number 001-34187. Shareholders may obtain copies of exhibits for a copying and handling charge of $0.15 per page by writing to, Corporate Secretary, Matson, Inc., 555 12th Street, Oakland, California 94607.
2 | Plan of acquisition, reorganization, arrangement, liquidation or succession. |
2.1 | |
2.2 | |
2.3 | |
2.4 | |
3 | Articles of incorporation and bylaws. |
3.1 | |
3.2 | |
3.3 | |
4 | |
10 | Material contracts. |
78
10.1** | |
10.2 | |
10.3 | |
10.4 | |
10.5 | |
10.6 | |
10.7 | |
10.8 | |
10.9 | |
10.10 | |
10.11 | |
10.12* | |
10.13 | |
10.14 | |
79
10.15 | |
10.16 | |
10.17 | |
10.18 | |
10.19* | |
10.20* | |
10.21* | |
10.22* | |
10.23*,** | |
10.24* | |
10.25* | |
10.26* | |
10.27 | |
10.28 | |
10.29 | |
10.30 | |
80
10.31 | |
10.32* | |
10.33* | |
10.34* | |
10.35* | |
10.36* | |
10.37* | |
10.38* | |
10.39* | |
10.40* | |
10.41* | |
10.42* | |
10.43* | |
10.44* | |
10.45* | |
10.46 | |
10.47 | |
81
10.48†,** | |
10.49†,** | |
10.50†,** | |
21** | |
23** | |
31.1** | |
31.2** | |
32*** |
101.INS** | Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |
101.SCH** | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
101.CAL** | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
101.DEF** | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
101.LAB** | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
101.PRE** | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
104** | Cover Page Interactive Data File – the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |
* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
** Filed herewith.
*** Furnished herewith.
† Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K because it is both (i) not material and (ii) the type that the registrant treats as private or confidential.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
82
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MATSON, INC. | |
(Registrant) | |
Date: February 24, 2023 | /s/ Matthew J. Cox |
Matthew J. Cox | |
Chairman and | |
Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature | Title | Date | ||
/s/ Matthew J. Cox | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | February 24, 2023 | ||
Matthew J. Cox | ||||
/s/ Meredith J. Ching | Director | February 24, 2023 | ||
Meredith J. Ching | ||||
/s/ Thomas B. Fargo | Director | February 24, 2023 | ||
Thomas B. Fargo | ||||
/s/ Mark H. Fukunaga | Director | February 24, 2023 | ||
Mark H. Fukunaga | ||||
/s/ Stanley M. Kuriyama | Director | February 24, 2023 | ||
Stanley M. Kuriyama | ||||
/s/ Constance H. Lau | Director | February 24, 2023 | ||
Constance H. Lau | ||||
/s/ Jenai S. Wall | Director | February 24, 2023 | ||
Jenai S. Wall | ||||
/s/ Joel M. Wine | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | February 24, 2023 | ||
Joel M. Wine | ||||
/s/ Kevin L. Stuck | Vice President and Controller (principal accounting officer) | February 24, 2023 | ||
Kevin L. Stuck |
*****
83