SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DMC Global Inc. (“DMC”, “we”, “us”, “our”, or the “Company”) and its controlled subsidiaries. Only subsidiaries in which controlling interests are maintained are consolidated. All significant intercompany accounts, profits, and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a new accounting pronouncement regarding credit losses for financial instruments. The new standard requires entities to measure expected credit losses for certain financial assets held at the reporting date using a current expected credit loss model, which is based on historical experience, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company's financial instruments within the scope of this guidance primarily include accounts receivable.

On January 1, 2020, we adopted the new standard under the modified retrospective approach, such that comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under accounting standards in effect for those periods. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of the new accounting standard as an adjustment to the January 1, 2020 balance of Retained Earnings in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the adoption of the new accounting standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations given limited historical write-off activity within each of the Company’s segments.

In accordance with the new standard, the Company has disaggregated pools of accounts receivable balances by business, geography and/or customer risk profile, and has used history and other experience to establish an allowance for credit losses at the time the receivable is recognized, rather than the historical approach of establishing reserves when accounts receivable balances age or demonstrate they will not be collected. To measure expected credit losses, we have elected to pool trade receivables by segment and analyze DynaEnergetics and NobelClad accounts receivable balances as separate populations. Within each segment, receivables exhibit similar risk characteristics.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we increased our expected loss rate due to the COVID-19 pandemic-related collapse in oil and gas demand and resulting downturn in well completions. In addition, we continued to review receivables outstanding, including aged balances, and in circumstances where we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligation to us, we recorded a specific allowance for credit losses (with the offsetting expense charged to “Selling and distribution expenses” in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations) against the amounts due, reducing the net recognized receivable to the amount we estimate will be collected. In total, provisions of $3,327 were recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for credit losses on receivables from DynaEnergetics and NobelClad customers:

	DynaEnergetics		NobelClad		DMC Global Inc.
Allowance for doubtful accounts, December 31, 2019	$	945	$	22	$	967
Adjustment for cumulative effect from change in accounting principle	50		—		50
Current period provision for expected credit losses	3,015		312		3,327
Write-offs charged against the allowance	(1,066)		(201)		(1,267)
Recoveries of amounts previously reserved	(208)		(134)		(342)
Impacts of foreign currency exchange rates and other	(27)		1		(26)
Allowance for doubtful accounts, September 30, 2020	$	2,709	$	—	$	2,709

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from consideration paid by customers for tangible goods. The Company analyzes its different goods by segment to determine the appropriate basis for revenue recognition. Revenue is not generated from sources other than contracts with customers and revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. There are no material upfront costs for operations that are incurred from contracts with customers.

Our rights to payments for goods transferred to customers arise when control is transferred at a point in time and not on any other criteria. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 60 days. In instances when we require customers to make advance payments prior to the shipment of their orders, we record a contract liability. We have determined that our contract liabilities do not include a significant financing component given the short duration between order initiation and order fulfillment within each of our segments. Please refer to Note 5 “Contract Liabilities” for further information on contract liabilities and Note 9 “Business Segments” for disaggregated revenue disclosures.

On occasion, we require customers to make advance payments prior to the shipment of goods in order to help finance our inventory investment on large orders or to keep customers’ credit limits at acceptable levels.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future income tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Any effects of changes in income tax rates or tax laws are included in the provision for income taxes in the period of enactment. The deferred income tax impact of tax credits is recognized as an immediate adjustment to income tax expense. We recognize deferred tax assets for the expected future effects of all deductible temporary differences to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. We record a valuation allowance when, based on current circumstances, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, recent financial operations and their associated valuation allowances, if any.

We recognize the tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the position that it will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigation. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured as the largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate resolution. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in operating expense.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) using a two-class method, which is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for (i) each class of common stock (the Company has a single class of common stock), and (ii) participating securities according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Restricted stock awards are considered participating securities in periods with net income as they receive non-forfeitable rights to dividends similar to common stock. Restricted stock awards do not participate in net losses.

Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS adjusts basic EPS for the effects of restricted stock awards, performance share units and other potentially dilutive financial instruments (dilutive securities), only in the periods in which such effect is dilutive. The effect of the dilutive securities is reflected in diluted EPS by application of the more dilutive of (1) the treasury stock method or (2) the two-class method assuming nonvested shares are not converted into

shares of common stock.

Deferred Compensation

Deferred compensation

The Company maintains a Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) as part of its overall compensation package for certain employees. Participants are eligible to defer a portion of their annual salary, their annual incentive bonus, and their equity awards through the Plan on a tax-deferred basis. Deferrals into the Plan are not matched or subsidized by the Company, nor are they eligible for above-market or preferential earnings.

The Plan provides for deferred compensation obligations to be settled either by delivery of a fixed number of shares of DMC’s common stock or in cash, in accordance with participant contributions and elections. For deferred equity awards, subsequent to equity award vesting and after a period prescribed by the Plan, participants can elect to diversify contributions of equity awards into other investment options available to Plan participants. Once diversified, contributions of equity awards will be settled by delivery of cash.

The Company has established a grantor trust commonly known as a “rabbi trust” and contributed certain assets to satisfy the future obligations to participants in the Plan. These assets are subject to potential claims of the Company’s general creditors. The assets held in the trust include unvested RSAs, vested company stock awards, company-owned life insurance (“COLI”) on certain employees, and money market and mutual funds. Unvested RSAs and common stock held by the trust are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within “Treasury stock, at cost, and company stock held for deferred compensation, at par” at the par value of the common stock or unvested RSAs. These accounts are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the fair value of the common stock. COLI is accounted for at the cash surrender value while money market and mutual funds held by the trust are accounted for at fair value. The balances of $6,455 as of September 30, 2020 and $4,461 as of December 31, 2019 were reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within “Other assets.”

Deferred compensation obligations that will be settled in cash are accounted for on an accrual basis in accordance with the terms of the Plan. The balances of $9,924 as of September 30, 2020 and $6,143 as of December 31, 2019 were reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within “Other long-term liabilities.” These obligations are adjusted based on changes in value of

the underlying investment options chosen by Plan participants. Deferred compensation that will be settled by delivery of a fixed number of previously vested shares of the Company’s common stock are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity within “Common stock” at the par value of the common stock or unvested RSAs. These accounts are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the fair value of the common stock.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We are required to use an established hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation and the degree to which they are observable or not observable in the market. The three levels in the hierarchy are as follows:                   

•Level 1 — Inputs to the valuation based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that are accessible as of the measurement date.

•Level 2 — Inputs to the valuation include quoted prices in either markets that are not active, or in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 — Inputs to the valuation that are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. 

The highest priority is assigned to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

The carrying value of accounts receivable and payable, accrued expenses, revolving loans under our credit facility and borrowings under our capital expenditure facility approximate their fair value. Our revolving loans and borrowings under our capital expenditure facility reset each month at market interest rates.

Our foreign currency forward contracts are valued using quoted market prices or are determined using a yield curve model based on current market rates. As a result, we classify these investments as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. Money market funds and mutual funds of $3,322 as of September 30, 2020 and $2,420 as of December 31, 2019 were held to satisfy future deferred compensation obligations are valued based upon the market values of underlying securities, and therefore we classify these assets as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued a new accounting pronouncement regarding credit losses for financial instruments. The new standard requires entities to measure expected credit losses for certain financial assets held at the reporting date using a current expected credit loss model, which is based on historical experience, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2020. The Company's financial instruments within the scope of this guidance primarily include accounts receivable. Please refer to “Accounts Receivable” for further information.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued a new accounting pronouncement regarding accounting for income taxes. The new standard removes certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740 Income Taxes and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to provide for more consistent application. The new standard will become effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact that the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value. Significant cost elements included in inventory are material, labor, freight, subcontract costs, and manufacturing overhead. As necessary, we adjust inventory to its net realizable value by recording provisions for excess, slow moving and obsolete inventory. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and values, and compare them to estimates of future product demand, market conditions, production requirements and technological developments.