SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DMC Global Inc. (“DMC”, “we”, “us”, “our”, or the “Company”) and its controlled subsidiaries. Only subsidiaries in which controlling interests are maintained are consolidated. All significant intercompany accounts, profits, and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted a new accounting standard, as amended, regarding revenue from contracts with customers using the modified retrospective approach, which was applied to all contracts with customers. Under the new standard, an entity is required to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods.

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from consideration paid by customers for tangible goods. The Company analyzes its different goods by segment to determine the appropriate basis for revenue recognition. Revenue is not generated from sources other than contracts with customers and revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. There are no material upfront costs for operations that are incurred from contracts with customers.

Our rights to payments for goods transferred to customers arise when control is transferred at a point in time and not on any other criteria. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 60 days. In instances when we require customers to make advance payments prior to the shipment of their orders, we record a contract liability. We have determined that our contract liabilities do not include a significant financing component given the short duration between order initiation and order fulfillment within each of our segments. Please refer to Note 5 “Contract Liabilities” for further information on contract liabilities and Note 9 “Business Segments” for disaggregated revenue disclosures.

For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded $64 of bad debt expense and a $32 reversal of bad debt expense, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded $238 of bad debt expense and a $28 reversal of bad debt expense, respectively.

Income Taxes

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future income tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Any effects of changes in income tax rates or tax laws are included in the provision for income taxes in the period of enactment. The deferred income tax impact of tax credits is recognized as an immediate adjustment to income tax expense. We recognize deferred tax assets for the expected future effects of all deductible temporary differences to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. We record a valuation allowance when, based on current circumstances, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, recent financial operations and their associated valuation allowances, if any.

We recognize the tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the position that it will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigation. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured as the largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate resolution. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in operating expense.

Earnings Per Share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) using a two-class method, which is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for (i) each class of common stock (the Company has a single class of common stock), and (ii) participating securities according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Restricted stock awards are considered participating securities as they receive non-forfeitable rights to dividends similar to common stock.

Basic EPS is then calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders of the Company by the weighted‑average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS adjusts basic EPS for the effects of restricted stock awards, performance share units and other potentially dilutive financial instruments (dilutive securities), only in the periods in which such effect is dilutive. The effect of the dilutive securities is reflected in diluted EPS by application of the more dilutive of (1) the treasury stock method or (2) the two-class method assuming nonvested shares are not converted into shares of common stock. For the periods presented, diluted EPS using the treasury stock method was less dilutive than the two-class method; as such, only the two-class method has been included below.



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income as reported	$	6,915		$	4,910		39,329			15,202
Less: Distributed net income available to participating securities	(14		)	(7		)	(19		)	(20		)
Less: Undistributed net income available to participating securities	(39		)	(104		)	(287		)	(323		)
Numerator for basic net income per share:	6,862			4,799			39,023			14,859
Add: Undistributed net income allocated to participating securities	39			104			287			323
Less: Undistributed net income reallocated to participating securities	(39		)	(104		)	(283		)	(323		)
Numerator for diluted net income per share:	6,862			4,799			39,027			14,859
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic net income per share	14,632,276			14,571,155			14,589,655			14,518,765
Effect of dilutive securities	218,890			—			210,477			—
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted net income per share	14,851,166			14,571,155			14,800,132			14,518,765
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.47		$	0.33		$	2.67		$	1.02
Diluted	$	0.46		$	0.33		$	2.64		$	1.02

Deferred compensation

The Company maintains a Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) as part of its overall compensation package for certain employees. Participants are eligible to defer a portion of their annual salary, their annual incentive bonus, and their equity awards through the Plan on a tax-deferred basis. Deferrals into the Plan are not matched or subsidized by the Company, nor are they eligible for above-market or preferential earnings.

The Plan provides for deferred compensation obligations to be settled either by delivery of a fixed number of shares of DMC’s common stock or in cash, in accordance with participant contributions and elections. For deferred equity awards, subsequent to equity award vesting and after a period prescribed by the Plan, participants can elect to diversify contributions of equity awards into other investment options available to Plan participants.

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company established a grantor trust commonly known as a “rabbi trust” and set aside certain assets related to the Plan to satisfy the future obligations to participants in the Plan. These assets are subject to the Company’s general creditors. The assets held in the trust include unvested restricted stock awards (RSAs), vested company stock awards, and company-owned life insurance (“COLI”) on certain employees. Unvested RSAs and common stock held by the trust are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet within “Treasury stock, at cost, and company stock held for deferred compensation, at par” at the par value of the common stock or unvested RSAs. These accounts are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the fair value of the common stock. COLI held by the trust is accounted for at fair value and is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet within “Prepaid expenses and other,” and subsequent increases or decreases in the fair values of the assets are recorded as compensation expense or benefit, respectively, within “General and administrative expenses” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Deferred compensation obligations that will be settled in cash are accounted for on an accrual basis in accordance with the terms of the Plan and are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet within “Other long-term liabilities.” These obligations are adjusted based on changes in value of the underlying investment options chosen by Plan participants. Deferred compensation obligations that will be settled by delivery of a fixed number of shares of the Company’s common stock are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity within “Common stock” at the par value of the common stock or unvested RSAs. These accounts are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the fair value of the common stock.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We are required to use an established hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation and the degree to which they are observable or not observable in the market. The three levels in the hierarchy are as follows:


•	Level 1 — Inputs to the valuation based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that are accessible as of the measurement date.


•	Level 2 — Inputs to the valuation include quoted prices in either markets that are not active, or in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.


•	Level 3 — Inputs to the valuation that are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The highest priority is assigned to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

The carrying value of accounts receivable and payable, accrued expenses, revolving loans under our credit facility and borrowings under our capital expenditure facility approximate their fair value. Our revolving loans and borrowings under our capital expenditure facility reset each month at market rates. Our foreign currency forward contracts are valued using quoted market prices or are determined using a yield curve model based on current market rates. As a result, we classify these investments as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The cash surrender value of COLI held to satisfy the future deferred compensation obligations is valued based upon the market values of underlying securities, and therefore we classify these assets as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

We did not hold any Level 3 assets or liabilities as of September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted a new accounting standard, as amended, that requires the Company to record assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for lease-related rights and obligations and disclose key information about its leasing arrangements. The Company elected the modified retrospective approach upon adoption and elected the package of practical expedients available under the new standard. This new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires the Company to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months at commencement of the lease.

Leases are classified as financing or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the Statement of Operations. Refer to Note 6 “Leases” for further information.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued a new accounting pronouncement regarding credit losses for financial instruments. The new standard requires entities to measure expected credit losses for certain financial assets held at the reporting date using a current expected credit loss model, which is based on historical experience, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company is required to adopt the new standard on January 1, 2020. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact that the adoption of this standard will have on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and related disclosures.