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Significant Accounting Policies and General Matters (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Feb. 28, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Nature of Operations

Nature of Operations. Ennis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are principally engaged in the production of and sale of business forms and other business products to customers primarily located in the United States.

Basis of Consolidation

Basis of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company’s last three fiscal years ended on the following days: February 28, 2019, February 28, 2018 and February 28, 2017 (fiscal years ended 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively).

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable. Trade receivables are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms requiring payment generally within 30 days from the invoice date. The Company’s allowance for doubtful receivables reserve is based on an analysis that estimates the amount of its total customer receivable balance that is not collectible. This analysis includes assessing a default probability to customers’ receivable balances, which is influenced by several factors including (i) current market conditions, (ii) periodic review of customer credit worthiness, and (iii) review of customer receivable aging and payment trends.

Inventories. With the exception of approximately 8.9% and 12.9% of its inventories valued at the lower of last-in, first-out (LIFO) for fiscal years 2019 and 2018, respectively, the Company values its inventories at the lower of first-in, first-out (FIFO) cost or net realizable value. The Company regularly reviews inventories on hand, using specific aging categories, and writes down the carrying value of its inventories for excess and potentially obsolete inventories based on historical usage and estimated future usage. In assessing the ultimate realization of its inventories, the Company is required to make judgments as to future demand requirements. As actual future demand or market conditions may vary from those projected by the Company, adjustments to inventories may be required. The Company provides reserves for excess and obsolete inventory when necessary based upon analysis of quantities on hand, recent sales volumes and reference to market prices. Reserves for excess and obsolete inventory at fiscal years ended 2019 and 2018 were $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over a period considered adequate to amortize the total cost over the useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 11 years for machinery and equipment and 10 to 33 years for buildings and improvements. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Renewals and betterments are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the specific property unit. The Company capitalizes all leases that are in substance acquisitions of property. As of February 28, 2018, the Company had building and improvements of approximately $0.1 million classified as assets held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price paid over the value of net assets of businesses acquired and is not amortized. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise, using a fair-value-based test that compares the fair value of the related business unit to its carrying value.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is based upon the fair value of assets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or transferred for a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivables, and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short maturity and/or variable rates associated with these instruments. Long-term debt as of fiscal years ended 2019 and 2018 approximates its fair value as the interest rate is tied to market rates. The Company categorizes each of its fair value measurements in one of these three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are:

Level 1 -

Inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access.

Level 2 -

Inputs utilize data points that are observable such as quoted prices, interest rates and yield curves.

Level 3 -

Inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

Treasury Stock. The Company accounts for repurchases of common stock using the cost method with common stock in treasury classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a reduction of shareholders’ equity.

Deferred Finance Charges

Deferred Finance Charges. Deferred finance charges in connection with the Company’s revolving credit facility are amortized to interest expense over the term of the facility using the straight-line method. If the facility is extinguished before the end of the term, the remaining balance of the deferred finance charges will be amortized fully in such year.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenues from product sales upon shipment to the customer if the terms of the sale are freight on board (“FOB”) shipping point (and therefore title and all risks of ownership, including risk of loss, passes to the customer upon shipping) or, to a lesser extent, upon delivery to the customer if the terms of the sale are FOB destination (and therefore title and all risks of ownership, including risk of loss, passes to the customer upon delivery). Net sales represent gross sales invoiced to customers, less certain related charges, including sales tax, discounts, returns and other allowances. Returns, discounts and other allowances have historically been insignificant. In some cases and upon customer request, the Company prints and stores custom print product for customer specified future delivery, generally within twelve months. In this case, risk of loss passes to the customer, the customer is invoiced under normal credit terms, and revenue is recognized when manufacturing is complete. Approximately $10.3 million, $9.7 million and $10.7 million of revenue was recognized under these arrangements during fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Advertising Expenses

Advertising Expenses. The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Catalog and brochure preparation and printing costs, which are considered direct response advertising, are amortized to expense over the life of the catalog, which typically ranges from three to twelve months. Advertising expense was approximately $0.8 million, $0.9 million and $0.6 million during the fiscal years ended 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Included in this advertising expense is amortization related to direct response advertising of approximately $0.1 million, $0.2 million, and $0.1 million for the fiscal years ended 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Unamortized direct advertising costs included in prepaid expenses at fiscal years ended 2019, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $0.2 million, $0.1 million, and $0.2 million, respectively.

Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, and then adding the number of additional shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive securities had been issued. This is calculated using the treasury stock method. At year-end 2017, there were 42,500 options not included in the diluted earnings per share computation because their effect was anti-dilutive. For fiscal years 2019 and 2018, all options were included in the diluted earnings per share computation because the average fair market value of the Company’s stock exceeded the exercise price of the options.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity resulting from transactions from non-owner sources. Other comprehensive income consisted of changes in the following: changes in the funded status of the Company’s pension plan and the election to reclassify the stranded income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”).

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations in other expense, net as incurred. Transaction losses totaled approximately $18,000, $7,000, and $22,000 for fiscal years ended 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and Handling Costs. The Company records amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs in net sales and related costs are included in cost of goods sold.

Stock Based Compensation

Stock Based Compensation. The Company recognizes stock based compensation expense net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period of the individual grants, which generally equals the vesting period. Estimated forfeiture rates are derived from our historical forfeitures of similar awards. The fair value of all share based awards is estimated on the date of grant.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”). The update requires the service cost component of net benefit costs to be reported in the same line of the income statement as other compensation costs and the other components of net benefit costs (non-service costs) to be presented separately from the service cost component, outside a subtotal of operating income. Additionally, only the service cost component of net benefit costs will be eligible for capitalization. The Company retrospectively adopted this guidance as of March 1, 2018. The impact of adoption was a $288,000 decrease in cost of sales, $229,000 decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses and $517,000 increase in other expense-net for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2018 compared to the amount previously reported. The impact of adoption was a $780,000 decrease in cost of sales, $610,000 decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses and $1,390,000 increase in other expense-net for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2017 compared to the amount previously reported.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which modifies the lease recognition requirements and requires entities to recognize the assets and liabilities arising from leases on the balance sheet and to disclose key qualitative and quantitative information about the entity’s leasing arrangements.

Based on the original guidance in ASU 2016-02, lessees and lessors would have been required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach, including a number of practical expedients. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (ASC 842): Targeted Improvements, which provides entities with an option to apply the guidance prospectively, instead of retrospectively, and allows for other classification provisions. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company currently anticipates that it will elect to recognize its lease assets and liabilities on a prospective basis, beginning on March 1, 2019, using an optional transition method.

The Company expects to elect the ‘package of practical expedients’ as lessee, which permits it not to reassess under the new standard its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. Additionally, the Company expects to elect to treat lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

The Company expects that the adoption of this standard will result in a fairly significant increase to its recorded assets and liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets but will not have a material impact on the consolidated statement of operations. While the Company is continuing to assess all the effects of adoption, it currently believes the most significant effects relate to (i) the recognition of new right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its property and equipment operating leases and (ii) providing significant new disclosures about its leasing activities. Adoption of the standard will result in the recognition of additional right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases of approximately $18.2 million as of March 1, 2019.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”), which institutes a number of modifications to the reporting of financial assets and liabilities. These modifications include: (i) measurement of non-equity method assets and liabilities at fair value, with changes to fair value recognized through net income, (ii) performance of qualitative impairment assessments of equity investments without readily determinable fair values at each reporting period, (iii) elimination of the requirement to disclose methods and significant assumptions used in calculating the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost, (iv) measurement of the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost using the exit price notion consistent with Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, (v) separate presentation in other comprehensive income of the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk, (vi) separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset, and (vii) evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. This ASU is effective for financial statements issued with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Our conclusion is that the timing of revenue recognition for our various revenue streams is not materially impacted by the adoption of this standard. The Company adopted this standard on March 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption did not have, and is not expected to have, a significant impact on the consolidated operating results, financial position or cash flows of the Company. See Note 2, Revenue, below for further disclosures associated with the adoption of this pronouncement.