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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
 
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, including the net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs"), the Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize its existing deferred tax assets.  Based on its assessment, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets as their future utilization remains uncertain at this time.
As of December 31, 2018, the Company had approximately $225 million of federal NOLs available to offset future taxable income expiring from 2030 through 2036. In accordance with Section 382 of the Internal Revenue code, the usage of the Company’s NOLs could be limited in the event of a change in ownership. The Company performed an analysis and determined that it has had ownership changes of greater than 50% over a 3-year testing period. The last ownership change was determined to be in 2015. Based on a market capitalization of $124.5 million and using an applicable federal rate of 2.5%, the annual limitation would be approximately $3.0 million. Post change losses generated after June 2, 2015 would not be subject to 382 limitations. Additionally, the Company would be able to increase NOL limitations by the realized built in gain on the sale of PCT in May of 2017.

The Company applies the FASB’s provisions for uncertain tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties associated with certain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. As of September 30, 2019, management does not believe the Company has any material uncertain tax positions. The Company does not believe there will be any material changes in its unrecognized tax positions over the next year. For years prior to 2015, the federal statute of limitations is closed for assessing tax. The Company’s state tax returns remain open to examination for a period of three to four years from date of filing.