XML 29 R8.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.22.2.2
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES
Description of Business. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “we” “our” and “us” are used in this report to refer to either Team, Inc., to one or more of its consolidated subsidiaries or to all of them taken as a whole.
We are a global leading provider of integrated, digitally-enabled asset performance assurance and optimization solutions. We deploy conventional to highly specialized inspection, condition assessment, maintenance and repair services that result in greater safety, reliability and operational efficiency for our clients’ most critical assets. We conduct operations in three segments: Inspection and Heat Treating (“IHT”), Mechanical Services (“MS”) and Quest Integrity. Through the capabilities and resources in these three segments, we believe that we are uniquely qualified to provide integrated solutions: inspection to assess condition; engineering assessment to determine fitness for purpose in the context of industry standards and regulatory codes; and mechanical services to repair, rerate or replace based upon the client’s election. In addition, we are capable of scaling with the client’s needs, as dictated by the severity of the damage found and the related operating conditions, from standard services to some of the most advanced services and integrated asset integrity and reliability management solutions available in the industry. We also believe that we are unique in our ability to provide services in three distinct client demand profiles: (i) turnaround or project services, (ii) call-out services and (iii) nested or run-and-maintain services.
IHT provides conventional and advanced non-destructive testing (“NDT”) services primarily for the process, pipeline and power sectors, and pipeline integrity management services, and field heat treating and thermal services, tank management solutions, and pipeline integrity solutions, as well as associated engineering and condition assessment services. These services can be offered while facilities are running (on-stream), during facility turnarounds or during new construction or expansion activities. IHT also provides advanced digital imaging including remote digital video imaging, laser scanning and laser profilometry-enabled reformer care services.
MS provides solutions designed to serve clients’ unique needs during both the operational (onstream) and off-line states of their assets. Our onstream services include our range of standard to custom-engineered leak repair and composite solutions; emissions control and compliance; hot tapping and line stopping; and on-line valve insertion solutions, which are delivered while assets are in an operational condition, which maximizes client production time. Asset shutdowns can be planned, such as a turnaround maintenance event, or unplanned, such as those due to component failure or equipment breakdowns. Our specialty maintenance, turnaround and outage services are designed to minimize client downtime and are primarily delivered while assets are off-line and often through the use of cross-certified technicians, whose multi-craft capabilities deliver the production needed to achieve tight time schedules. These critical services include on-site field machining; bolted-joint integrity; vapor barrier plug testing; and valve management solutions.
Quest Integrity provides integrity and reliability management solutions for the process, pipeline and power sectors. These solutions encompass two broadly-defined disciplines: (1) highly specialized in-line inspection services for historically unpiggable process piping and pipelines using proprietary in-line inspection tools and analytical software; and (2) advanced engineering and condition assessment services through a multi-disciplined engineering team and related lab support.
We market our services to companies in a diverse array of heavy industries which include:
Energy (refining, power, renewables, nuclear and liquefied natural gas);
Manufacturing and Process (chemical, petrochemical, pulp and paper industries, manufacturing, automotive and mining);
Midstream and Others (valves, terminals and storage, pipeline and offshore oil and gas);
Public Infrastructure (amusement parks, bridges, ports, construction and building, roads, dams and railways); and
Aerospace and Defense.
Ongoing Effects of COVID-19.  The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted our workforce and operations, as well as the operations of our clients, suppliers and contractors. We continue to be affected by the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic and global economic conditions on operating expenses, staffing and supply chain management.
Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), we qualified to defer the employer portion of social security taxes incurred through the end of calendar 2020. As of December 31, 2021 we had $14.1 million of deferred employer payroll taxes outstanding and we paid $7.0 million of the deferred payroll taxes in January 2022, the
remaining balance at June 30, 2022 of $7.1 million is due at the end of 2022. Additionally, other governments in jurisdictions where we operate passed legislation to provide employers with relief programs, which include wage subsidy grants, deferral of certain payroll related expenses and tax payments and other benefits. We elected to treat qualified government subsidies from Canada and other governments as offsets to the related expenses. We recognized no reduction to either our operating expenses or our selling, general and administrative expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively, during three months ended June 30, 2021. We recognized a reduction of $0.6 million and $0.1 million to our operating expenses and our selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, and $3.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Inflation. Inflation rates and currency exchange rates continue to have an effect on worldwide economies and, consequently, on the way the Company operates. The Company continues to monitor these situations and take appropriate actions. In the face of increasing costs, the Company strives to maintain its profit margins through cost reduction programs, productivity improvements and periodic price increases. We are carefully monitoring impacts from inflation, supply chain challenges and slowing economic conditions. For further information regarding the risks we face relating to inflation, see "Risk Factors - We may experience inflationary pressures in our operating costs and cost overruns on our projects" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. For further information regarding the risks we face relating to inflation, see "Risk Factors - We may experience inflationary pressures in our operating costs and cost overruns on our projects" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Ukraine Conflict. The Company does not have employees or operations in Russia or Ukraine. Sanctions and other trade controls imposed by the United States and other governments in response to Russia’s military operations in Ukraine could impact our supply chain in future periods. While it is difficult to estimate the impact of current or future sanctions on the Company’s business and financial position, these sanctions could adversely impact the Company’s sales, cost of procuring raw materials, or distribution costs in future periods.
Basis for presentation. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of results for such periods. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. Certain disclosures have been condensed or omitted from the interim financial statements included in this report. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our subsidiaries where we have control over operating and financial policies. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Related Party Transactions. A related party transaction is any transaction, arrangement or relationship or series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships (including the incurrence or issuance of any indebtedness or the guarantee of indebtedness) in which (1) the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a participant, and (2) any Related Party (as defined below) has or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
A Related Party is any person who is, or, at any time since the beginning of the Company’s last fiscal year, was (1) an executive officer, director or nominee for election as a director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (2) a person with greater than five percent (5%) beneficial interest in the Company, (3) an immediate family member of any of the individuals or entities identified in (1) or (2) of this paragraph, and (4) any firm, corporation or other entity in which any of the foregoing individuals or entities is employed or is a general partner or principal or in a similar position or in which such person or entity has a five percent (5%) or greater beneficial interest. Immediate family members includes a person’s spouse, parents, stepparents, children, stepchildren, siblings, mothers- and fathers-in-law, sons- and daughters-in-law, brothers- and sisters-in-law and anyone residing in such person’s home, other than a tenant or employee.
Liquidity and Going Concern. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for the twelve-month period following the issue date of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on many factors, including among other things, our ability to comply with the covenants in our debt agreements, our ability to cure any defaults that occur under our debt agreements, or forbearances with respect to any such defaults, and our ability to pay, retire, amend, replace or refinance our indebtedness as defaults occur or as interest and principal payments come due. Liquidity risk is the risk that we will be unable to meet our financial obligations as they become due. Our liquidity may be affected by improvements and declines in commodity prices, our segments operational performance, and our ability to access capital and credit markets.
We evaluated the Company’s liquidity within one year after the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements to determine if there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In the preparation of this liquidity assessment, we applied judgment to estimate the projected cash flows of the Company, including the following: (i) projected cash outflows, (ii) projected cash inflows, and (iii) excess availability level under the Company’s existing debt arrangements. The cash flow projections were based on known or planned cash requirements for operating and financing costs and include management’s best estimate regarding future customer activity levels, pricing for its services and for its supplies and other factors. Actual results could vary significantly from those projections. We do not believe, based on the Company’s forecast that current working capital, cash flow from operations, and capital expenditure financing is sufficient to fund the operations, maintain compliance with our debt covenants (as amended), and satisfy the Company’s obligations as they come due within one year after the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Our 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes are due on August 1, 2023 (the "Notes") and have a principal balance of $95.2 million. We are exploring alternatives to reduce or refinance the Notes outstanding balance, including extending the maturity. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to execute a reduction, extension, or refinancing of the Notes or that the terms of any replacement financing would be as favorable as the terms of the Notes prior to the maturity date. Under the terms of our amended financing arrangements that were entered into during 2022, the Maturity Reserve Trigger Date, as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement (as defined herein), and the Maturity Trigger Date as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement (as defined herein), collectively referred to as the “Trigger Date” is now May 18, 2023. Therefore, the Notes balance must be paid down to $10.0 million by May 18, 2023, or the Company must have equivalent cash on hand to pay down the Notes to $10.0 million.
The failure to pay down the Notes by the Trigger Date would be an event of default under our Term Loan Credit Agreement (as defined herein), Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement, ABL Credit Facility, and Corre Delayed Draw Term Loan (as defined herein) since these instruments contain cross default provisions, resulting in these debt instruments becoming payable on demand. Refer to Note 11 - Debt for more information on the terms and maturity dates of our debt that may affect our future liquidity.
As of June 30, 2022, we are in compliance with our debt covenants. However, without the consummation of a refinancing transaction or agreement to extend the Notes maturity date, there is a risk that the Company could be, among other things, unable to make principal payments on the Notes to satisfy the Trigger Date provision. Failure to pay down the principal on the Notes to $10.0 million by May 18, 2023 will result in an event of default and the associated cross defaults noted above under the Company’s other debt instruments.
As a result of our current financial resources and no guarantee that we will be able to obtain an extension or amend the financial covenants contained therein, we intend to refinance the Notes. Any such refinancing may include the issuance of additional notes, common or preferred stock or a combination thereof. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to execute this refinancing or repayment prior to the Trigger Date, and as such, substantial doubt exists that we have the ability to continue as a going concern. We are evaluating and will continue to explore strategic alternatives to a refinancing transaction or the reduction of the debt, including negotiating amendments to our credit facilities and the financial covenants contained therein, the sale of assets, or other alternative financing transactions. While our lenders agreed on an extension and amended the financial covenants in prior periods, there can be no assurance that our lenders will provide additional extensions, waivers or amendments in the event of future non-compliance with our debt covenants, or other possible events of default. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amounts and classification of assets, liabilities, and reported expenses that may be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern.
On August 15, 2022, Team announced it has executed a definitive purchase and sale agreement with Baker Hughes to sell Quest Integrity for $280.0 million, before customary post-closing adjustments. Post-closing of this transaction Team’s expects its liquidity and debt profile to be significantly improved, refer to Note 20 - Subsequent Events for additional details regarding this transaction.
Use of estimates. Our accounting policies conform to GAAP. The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported financial position and results of operations. We review significant estimates and judgments affecting our condensed consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis and record the effect of any necessary adjustments prior to their publication. Estimates and judgments are based on information available at the time such estimates and judgments are made. Adjustments made with respect to the use of these estimates and judgments often relate to information not previously available. Uncertainties with respect to such estimates and judgments are inherent in the preparation of financial statements. Estimates and judgments are used in, among other things, (1) aspects of revenue recognition, (2) valuation of acquisition related tangible and intangible assets and assessments of all long-lived assets for possible impairment, (3) estimating various factors used to accrue liabilities for workers’ compensation, auto, medical, and general liability, (4) establishing an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, (5) estimating the useful lives of our assets, (6) assessing future tax exposure and the realization of tax assets, (7) selecting assumptions used in the measurement of costs and liabilities associated with defined benefit pension plans, (8)
assessments of fair value and (9) managing our foreign currency risk in foreign operations. Our most significant accounting policies are described below.
Fair value of financial instruments. As defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (“ASC 820”), fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We utilize market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. We primarily apply the market approach for recurring fair value measurements and endeavor to utilize the best information available. Accordingly, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The use of unobservable inputs is intended to allow for fair value determinations in situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. We are able to classify fair value balances based on the observability of those inputs. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy such that “Level 1” measurements include unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market, “Level 2” measurements include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market which have been adjusted for items such as effects of restrictions for transferability and those that are not quoted but are observable through corroboration with observable market data, including quoted market prices for similar assets, and “Level 3” measurements include inputs that are unobservable and of a highly subjective measure.
Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and debt obligations. The carrying amount of cash, cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable are representative of their respective fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The fair value of our ABL Credit Facility and Term Loans is representative of the carrying value based upon the variable terms and management’s opinion that the current rates available to us with the same maturity and security structure are equivalent to that of the debt. The fair value of our Notes as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is $95.2 million and $84.0 million, respectively, (inclusive of the fair value of the conversion option) and are a “Level 2” measurement, determined based on the observed trading price of these instruments. For additional information regarding our ABL Credit Facilities, Atlantic Park Term Loan, Subordinated Term Loan and Notes, see Note 11 - Debt.
Cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of all deposits and funds invested in highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Inventory. Except for certain inventories that are valued based on weighted-average cost, we use the first-in, first-out method to value our inventory. Inventory includes material, labor, and certain fixed overhead costs. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventory quantities on hand are reviewed periodically and carrying cost is reduced to net realizable value for inventories for which their cost exceeds their utility. The cost of inventories consumed or products sold are included in operating expenses.
Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their respective useful life or the lease term. Depreciation and amortization of assets are computed by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:
ClassificationUseful Life
Buildings
20-40 years
Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) System15 years
Leasehold improvements
2-15 years
Machinery and equipment
2-12 years
Furniture and fixtures
2-10 years
Computers and computer software
2-5 years
Automobiles
2-5 years
Goodwill and intangible assets. We allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to their identifiable tangible assets and liabilities, such as accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. We also allocate a portion of the purchase price to identifiable intangible assets, such as client relationships, non-compete agreements, trade names, technology, and licenses. Allocations are based on estimated fair values of assets and liabilities. We use all available information to estimate fair values including quoted market prices, the carrying value of acquired assets, and widely accepted valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows. Certain estimates and judgments are required in the
application of the fair value techniques, including estimates of future cash flows, selling prices, replacement costs, economic lives, and the selection of a discount rate, as well as the use of “Level 3” measurements as defined in ASC 820. Deferred taxes are recorded for any differences between the assigned values and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Estimated deferred taxes are based on available information concerning the tax bases of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and loss carryforwards at the acquisition date, although such estimates may change in the future as additional information becomes known. Any remaining excess of cost over allocated fair values is recorded as goodwill. We typically engage third-party valuation experts to assist in determining the fair values for both the identifiable tangible and intangible assets. The judgments made in determining the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, could materially impact our results of operations.
Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business combination determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but are instead tested for impairment, and assessed for potential triggering events, at least annually in accordance with the provisions of the ASC 350 Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360-10 Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“ASC 360”). There was no impairment recorded for long-lived assets as of June 30, 2022.
We assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which we have determined to be the same as our operating segments. As of June 30, 2022, the only Company segment with goodwill was Quest Integrity, which goodwill is related to historical acquisitions.
If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we measure any goodwill impairment losses as the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We test our goodwill for impairment annually on December 1 of each year and whenever we become aware of an event or a change in circumstances that would indicate the carrying value may be impaired. There was no goodwill impairment recorded for the six-month period ended June 30, 2022.
Income taxes. We follow the guidance of ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires that we use the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes and provide deferred income taxes for all significant temporary differences. As part of the process of preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual current tax payable or receivable and related tax expense or benefit together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items, such as depreciation, for tax and accounting purposes. These differences can result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheets.
In accordance with ASC 740, we are required to assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be realized and, to the extent we believe it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, we must establish a valuation allowance. We consider all available evidence to determine whether, based on the weight of the evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. Evidence used includes the reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, taxable income in prior carryback years if carryback is permitted by tax law, information about our current financial position and our results of operations for the current and preceding years, as well as all currently available information about future years, including our anticipated future performance and tax planning strategies.
We regularly assess whether it is more likely than not that we will realize the deferred tax assets in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Management believes future sources of taxable income, reversing temporary differences and other tax planning strategies will be sufficient to realize the deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance has been established. Our valuation allowance primarily relates to net operating loss carryforwards. While we have considered these factors in assessing the need for additional valuation allowance, there can be no assurance that additional valuation allowance would not need to be established in the future if information about future years change. Any changes in valuation allowance would impact our income tax provision and net income (loss) in the period in which such a determination is made.
Significant judgment is required in assessing the timing and amounts of deductible and taxable items for tax purposes. In accordance with ASC 740-10, we establish reserves for uncertain tax positions when, despite our belief that our tax return positions are supportable, we believe that it is not more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon challenge. When facts and circumstances change, we adjust these reserves through our provision for income taxes. To the extent interest and penalties may be assessed by taxing authorities on any related underpayment of income tax, such amounts have been accrued and are classified as a component of income tax expense (benefit) in our consolidated statements of operations.
Workers’ compensation, auto, medical and general liability accruals. In accordance with ASC 450 Contingencies (“ASC 450”), we record a loss contingency when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We review our loss contingencies on an ongoing basis to ensure that we have appropriate reserves
recorded on our balance sheet. These reserves are based on historical experience with claims incurred but not received, estimates and judgments made by management, applicable insurance coverage for litigation matters, and are adjusted as circumstances warrant. For workers’ compensation, our self-insured retention is $1.0 million and our automobile liability self-insured retention is currently $2.0 million per occurrence. For general liability claims, we have an effective self-insured retention of $6.0 million per occurrence. For medical claims, our self-insured retention is $0.4 million per individual claimant determined on an annual basis. For environmental liability claims, our self-insured retention is $1.0 million per occurrence. We maintain insurance for claims that exceed such self-retention limits. The insurance is subject to terms, conditions, limitations, and exclusions that may not fully compensate us for all losses. Our estimates and judgments could change based on new information, changes in laws or regulations, changes in management’s plans or intentions, or the outcome of legal proceedings, settlements, or other factors. If different estimates and judgments were applied with respect to these matters, it is likely that reserves would be recorded for different amounts.
Allowance for credit losses. In the ordinary course of business, a portion of our accounts receivable are not collected due to billing disputes, customer bankruptcies, dissatisfaction with the services we performed and other various reasons. We establish an allowance to account for those accounts receivable that we estimate will eventually be deemed uncollectible. The allowance for credit losses is based on a combination of our historical experience and management’s review of long outstanding accounts receivable.
Concentration of credit risk. No single customer accounts for more than 10% of consolidated revenues.
Earnings (loss) per share. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income (loss) from continuing operations, income (loss) from discontinued operations or net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income (loss) from continuing operations, income (loss) from discontinued operations or net income (loss) by the sum of (1) the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, (2) the dilutive effect of the assumed exercise of share-based compensation using the treasury stock method and (3) the dilutive effect of the assumed conversion of our Notes under the if converted method. Our current intent is to settle the principal amount of our Notes in cash upon maturity. If the conversion value exceeds the principal amount, we may elect to deliver shares of our common stock with respect to the remainder of our conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount (the “conversion spread”). Accordingly, the conversion spread is included in the denominator for the computation of diluted earnings per common share using the treasury stock method and the numerator is adjusted for any recorded gain or loss, net of tax, on the embedded derivative associated with the conversion feature.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, all outstanding share-based compensation awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share because their inclusion would be antidilutive due to the loss from continuing operations in those periods. Also, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, potential shares issuable upon the conversion of the Notes were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share since the conversion price exceeded the average price of our common stock during the applicable periods. For information regarding our Notes and our share-based compensation awards, refer to Note 11 - Debt and Note 14 - Employee Benefit Plans, respectively.
Non-cash investing and financing activities. Non-cash investing and financing activities are excluded from the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and are as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2022202120222021
Assets acquired under finance lease$77 $384 $100 $406 
Also, we had $3.0 million and $1.5 million of accrued capital expenditures as of June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively, which are excluded from the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows until paid.
Foreign currency. For subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. Dollar, assets and liabilities are translated at period ending rates of exchange and revenues and expenses are translated at period average exchange rates. Translation adjustments for the asset and liability accounts are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in our statements of operations.
We have historically executed a foreign currency hedging program to mitigate the foreign currency risk in countries where we have significant assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. There were no foreign currency swap contracts outstanding during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.
Defined benefit pension plans. Pension benefit costs and liabilities are dependent on assumptions used in calculating such amounts. The primary assumptions include factors such as discount rates, expected investment return on plan assets, mortality rates and retirement rates. The discount rates, expected investment return on plan assets, mortality rates and retirement rates are determined based on reference to yields, and are reviewed annually and considered for adjustment to reflect current market conditions. The expected return on plan assets is derived from detailed periodic studies, which include a review of asset allocation strategies, anticipated future long-term performance of individual asset classes, risks (standard deviations) and correlations of returns among the asset classes that comprise the plans’ asset mix. While the studies give appropriate consideration to recent plan performance and historical returns, the assumptions are primarily long-term, prospective rates of return. Mortality and retirement rates are based on actual and anticipated plan experience. In accordance with GAAP, actual results that differ from the assumptions are accumulated and are subject to amortization over future periods and, therefore, generally affect recognized expense in future periods. While we believe that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions may affect the pension obligation and future expense.
Reclassifications. Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. Such reclassifications did not have any effect on our financial condition or results of operations as previously reported.
Newly Adopted Accounting Standards
ASU No. 2020-06. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by eliminating certain separation models and will generally be reported as a single liability at its amortized cost. In addition, ASU 2020-06 eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted method. On January 1, 2022, we adopted the ASU using the modified retrospective method. We recognized a cumulative effect of initially applying the ASU as an adjustment to the January 1, 2022 opening accumulated deficit balance. The prior period consolidated financial statements have not been retrospectively adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. Refer to Note 11 - Debt for impact on the adoption of this ASU as of January 1, 2022.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
ASU No. 2020-04. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope, which was issued in January 2021, provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria that reference LIBOR or another rate that is expected to be discontinued. The amendments in ASU 2020-04 are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. While we are currently determining whether we will elect the optional expedients, we do not expect our adoption of these ASUs to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. We do not expect our adoption of these ASUs to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.