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LONG-TERM DEBT
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
LONG-TERM DEBT LONG-TERM DEBT
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, our long-term debt and finance lease obligations are summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
ABL Facility$9,000 $— 
Term Loan213,809 — 
Credit Facility revolver— 73,876 
Credit Facility term loan— 49,735 
     Total 222,809 123,611 
Convertible debt1
84,534 201,619 
Finance lease obligations5,153 5,363 
Total debt and finance lease obligations312,496 330,593 
Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations(337)(5,294)
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations, less current portion$312,159 $325,299 
_________________
1        Comprised of principal amount outstanding, less unamortized discount and issuance costs. See Convertible Debt section below for additional information.

Future maturities of long-term debt, excluding finance leases, are as follows (in thousands):
December 31 
2021$— 
2022— 
202393,130 
20249,000 
2025— 
Thereafter250,000 
Total$352,130 
For information on our finance lease obligations, see footnote 11.

ABL Facility
On December 18, 2020, we entered into an asset-based credit agreement (the “ABL Facility”) led by Citibank, N.A., as agent, which provides for available borrowings up to $150 million. The ABL Facility matures and all outstanding amounts become due and payable on December 18, 2024. However, if our Notes, which mature on August 1, 2023, have an aggregate principal amount of $50 million or more outstanding 120 days prior to their maturity date (the “Trigger Date”), or if there are Notes in an aggregate principal amount of less than $50 million outstanding and we do not have sufficient availability of more than 20% under the ABL Facility on the Trigger Date, the ABL Facility will terminate on the Trigger Date. The ABL Facility includes a $50 million sublimit for letters of credit issuance and $35 million sublimit for swingline borrowings. Additionally, subject to certain conditions, including obtaining additional commitments, the ABL Facility may be increased by an amount not to exceed $50 million.
Our obligations under the ABL Facility are guaranteed by certain of our direct and indirect subsidiaries, as set forth in the ABL Facility agreement. The ABL Facility is secured on a first priority basis by, among other things, our accounts receivable, deposit accounts, securities accounts and inventory, including those of our direct and indirect subsidiary guarantors, and on a second priority basis by substantially all other assets of our direct and indirect subsidiary guarantors. Borrowing availability under the ABL Facility is based on a percentage of the value of accounts receivable and inventory, reduced for certain reserves.
Borrowings under the ABL Facility bear interest through maturity at a variable rate based upon, at our option, an annual rate of either a base rate (“Base Rate”) or a LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin. The Base Rate is defined as a fluctuating interest rate equal to the greatest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) Citibank, N.A.’s prime rate, and (iii) the one-month LIBOR rate plus 1.00%. Depending on the amount of average excess availability, the applicable margin is between 1.75% to 2.25% for Base Rate borrowings with a 1.75% Base Rate floor and between 2.75% and 3.25% for LIBOR rate
borrowings with a 0.75% LIBOR rate floor. Interest is payable either (i) monthly for Base Rate borrowings or (ii) the last day of the interest period for LIBOR rate borrowings, as set forth in the ABL Facility agreement. The fee for undrawn amounts ranges from 0.375% to 0.5%, depending on usage and is due quarterly.
The ABL Facility contains customary conditions to borrowings, events of default and covenants, including, but not limited to, covenants that restrict our ability to sell assets, makes changes to the nature of our business, engage in mergers and acquisitions, incur, assume or permit to exist additional indebtedness and guarantees, create or permit to exist liens, pay dividends, issue equity instruments, make distribution or redeem or repurchase capital stock. In the event that our excess availability is less than the greater of (i) $15.0 million and (ii) 10.00% of the lesser of (1) the current borrowing base and (2) the commitments under the ABL Facility then in effect, a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.00 to 1.00 must be maintained. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default, an additional 2.0% interest maybe required on the outstanding loans under the ABL Facility.
At December 31, 2020, we had $24.6 million of cash on hand and approximately $59.5 million of available borrowing capacity under the ABL Facility. Direct and incremental costs associated with the issuance of the ABL Facility were approximately $3.3 million and were capitalized as debt issuance costs. These costs are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the ABL Facility.
Atlantic Park Term Loan
On December 18, 2020, we also entered into a credit agreement with Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P., as agent, and APSC Holdco II, L.P. (“APSC”), as lender, pursuant to which we borrowed a $250.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”). The Term Loan was issued with a 3% original issuance discount (“OID”), such that total proceeds received were $242.5 million. The Term Loan matures, and all outstanding amounts become due and payable on December 18, 2026. However, certain conditions could result in an earlier maturity, including if the Notes have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of $50 million or more on the Trigger Date, in which case the Term Loan will terminate on the Trigger Date. As set forth in the Term Loan agreement, the Term Loan is secured by substantially all assets, other than those secured on a first lien basis by the ABL Facility, and we may increase the Term Loan by an amount not to exceed $100 million.
The Term Loan bears an interest through maturity at a variable rate based upon, at our option, an annual rate of either a Base rate or a LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin. The Base rate is defined as a fluctuating interest rate equal to the greatest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii), the prime rate as specified in the Term Loan agreement, and (iii) one-month LIBOR rate plus 1.00%. The applicable margin is defined as a rate of 6.50% for Base rate borrowings with a 2.00% Base rate floor and 7.50% for LIBOR rate borrowings with a 1.00% LIBOR rate floor. Interest is payable either (i) monthly for Base rate borrowings or (ii) the last day of the interest period for LIBOR rate borrowings, as set forth in the Term Loan agreement. The loans under the Term Loan were issued with an original issue discount of 3.00%, and are, in whole or in part, prepayable any time and from time to time, at a prepayment premium (including a make whole during the first two years) specified in the Term Loan agreement (subject to certain exceptions), plus accrued and unpaid interest. The effective interest rate on the Term Loan at December 31, 2020 was 11.93%.
The Term Loan contains customary payment penalties, events of default and covenants, including but not limited to, covenants that restrict our ability to sell assets, make changes to the nature of our business, engage in mergers or acquisitions, incur additional indebtedness and guarantees, pay dividends, issue equity instruments and make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock.
Commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2022, we are also required to maintain a net leverage ratio of less than or equal to 7.00 to 1.00, calculated quarterly on a trailing twelve-month basis. In addition, our capital expenditures may not exceed $33.0 million during any four fiscal quarter period, provided that this covenant will not apply if the total net leverage ratio is less than or equal to 4.00 to 1.00 at the end of the second and fourth quarter of each year.
Our ability to maintain compliance with the financial covenants is dependent upon our future operating performance and future financial condition, both of which are subject to various risks and uncertainties. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the decline in oil and gas end markets could have a significant adverse effect on our financial position and business condition, as well as our clients and suppliers. Additionally, these events may, among other factors, impact our ability to generate cash flows from operations, access the capital markets on acceptable terms or at all, and affect our future need or ability to borrow under our ABL Facility. In addition to our current sources of funding our business, the effects of such events may impact our liquidity or our need to revise our allocation or sources of capital, implement further cost reduction measures and/or change our business strategy. Although the COVID-19 pandemic and decline in the oil and gas end markets could have a broad range of effects on our liquidity sources, the effects will depend on future developments and cannot be predicted at this time.
In order to secure our casualty insurance programs, we are required to post letters of credit generally issued by a bank as collateral. A letter of credit commits the issuer to remit specified amounts to the holder, if the holder demonstrates that we failed to meet our obligations under the letter of credit. If this were to occur, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer for any payments the issuer was required to remit to the holder of the letter of credit. We were contingently liable for outstanding stand-by letters of credit totaling $19.5 million at December 31, 2020 and $20.5 million at December 31, 2019. Outstanding letters of credit reduce amounts available under our ABL Facility and are considered as having been funded for purposes of calculating our financial covenants under the ABL Facility.
Warrant
On December 18, 2020, in connection with the execution of the Term Loan, we issued to APSC a warrant to purchase up to 3,582,949 shares of our common stock (the “Warrant”), which is exercisable at the holder’s option at any time, in whole or in part, until June 14, 2028, at an exercise price of $7.75 per share. The exercise price and the number of share of common stock issuable on exercise of the Warrant are subject to certain antidilution adjustments, including stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications, noncash distributions, cash dividends, certain equity issuances and business combination transactions.
The Warrant (and shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant) are transferable upon the earliest of (i) the date that is 365 days from the date of the agreement, (ii) the last consecutive trading day where the last reported sale price of our common stock equals or exceeds $20.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalization and the like) for any 10 trading days within any 15-trading day period commencing at least 180 days after the date of the agreement, or (iii) such date on which we complete a liquidation, merger, stock exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all of our stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property, without our consent, except for transfers to certain disqualified institutions pursuant to one or more privately negotiated transactions.
Recognition, Use of Proceeds and Debt Issuance Costs
ASC 470 requires that proceeds from the sale of a debt instrument with stock purchase warrants should be allocated between the two elements based on the relative fair values of (i) the debt instrument without the warrants and (ii) the warrants themselves at time of issuance. We determined the fair value of the Warrant at time of issuance was $23.8 million and the fair value of the Term Loan was $218.7 million. The fair value of the Warrant was recognized in additional paid in capital and treated as discount to the face value of the Term Loan. Direct and incremental costs associated with the issuance of the Term Loan were approximately $5.1 million and were capitalized as debt issuance costs. Issuance costs allocated to the Warrant based on the comparable cost method were $1.4 million and were recorded as a reduction to additional paid in capital. The debt issuance costs, the discount associated with the Warrant and the OID will be amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the Term Loan.
We used a portion of the proceeds from the Term Loan, totaling approximately $128.8 million, to repay all borrowings, including accrued interest, outstanding under our prior credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility, which was comprised of a revolver and term loan, was retired. Unamortized costs associated with the Credit Facility were $2.2 million at time of repayment and were expensed as loss on debt extinguishment.
We retired $136.9 million par value of our Notes for $135.5 million, excluding accrued interest, using proceeds from the Term Loan and borrowings under the ABL Facility. ASC 470 requires that the fair value of consideration transferred at settlement be allocated between the debt component and equity component of the Notes. To determine the fair value of the debt component of the Notes, we measured the fair value of a similar debt instrument without an associated conversion feature. The remaining fair value was allocated to the equity component of the Notes. The amounts allocated to the debt and equity components were in accordance with ASC 470 and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). We determined the fair value of the retired Notes was $121.8 million at extinguishment, with the remaining consideration of $13.7 million allocated to the equity component. The carrying amount of the retired Notes at extinguishment, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs was $124.0 million. Therefore, in connection with the retirement of the Notes, we recognized a gain on extinguishment of $2.2 million. Additionally, we incurred approximately $2.6 million in third-party fees in connection with the retirement of the Notes, of which $2.2 million were expensed as loss on debt extinguishment and $0.4 million recorded as equity reacquisition costs.
Convertible Debt
Description of the Notes

On July 31, 2017, we issued $230.0 million principal amount of senior unsecured 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers (as defined in the Securities Act of 1933) pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (the “Offering”). As discussed above, in December 2020, we retired $136.9 million par value of our Notes, and as of December 31, 2020, the principal amount of Notes outstanding was $93.1 million.

The Notes bear interest at rate of 5.0% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on February 1, 2018. The Notes mature on August 1, 2023 unless repurchased, redeemed or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 46.0829 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $21.70 per share, which represents a conversion premium of 40% to the last reported sale price of $15.50 per share on the NYSE on July 25, 2017, the date the pricing of the Notes was completed. The conversion rate, and thus the conversion price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances as described in the indenture governing the Notes.
    
    Holders may convert their Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding May 1, 2023, but only under the following circumstances:

during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on December 31, 2017 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;

during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes for each trading day of such measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate on such trading day;

if we call any or all of the Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the redemption date; or;

upon the occurrence of specified corporate events described in the indenture governing the Notes.

On or after May 1, 2023 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may, at their option, convert their Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

The Notes were initially convertible into 10,599,067 shares of common stock. Previously, because the Notes could be convertible in full into more than 19.99% of our outstanding common stock, we were required by the listing rules of the NYSE to obtain the approval of the holders of our outstanding shares of common stock before the Notes could be converted. At our annual shareholders’ meeting, held on May 17, 2018, our shareholders approved the issuance of shares of common stock upon conversion of the Notes. 

As a result of the redemption and extinguishment of the Notes discussed above, the Notes are convertible into 4,291,705 shares of common stock. The Notes will be convertible into, subject to various conditions, cash or shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, in each case, at our election.

If holders elect to convert the Notes in connection with certain fundamental change transactions described in the indenture governing the Notes, we will, under certain circumstances described in the indenture governing the Notes, increase the conversion rate for the Notes so surrendered for conversion.
We may not redeem the Notes prior to August 5, 2021. We will have the option to redeem all or any portion of the Notes on or after August 5, 2021, if certain conditions are met (including that our common stock is trading at or above 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption, during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
Net proceeds received from the Offering were approximately $222.3 million after deducting discounts, commissions and expenses and were used to repay outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility.

Accounting Treatment of the Notes

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Notes were recorded in our consolidated balance sheet as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Liability component:
Principal$93,130 $230,000 
Unamortized issuance costs(1,440)(4,756)
Unamortized discount(7,156)(23,625)
Net carrying amount of the liability component1
84,534 201,619 
Equity component:
Carrying amount of the equity component, net of issuance costs2
$7,969 $13,912 
Carrying amount of the equity component, net of issuance costs3
$37,276 $45,377 
_________________
1    Included in the “Long-term debt and finance lease obligations” line of the consolidated balance sheets.
2    Relates to the portion of the Notes accounted for under ASC 470-20 (defined below) and is included in the “Additional paid-in capital” line of the consolidated balance sheets.
3    Relates to the portion of the Notes accounted for under ASC 815-15 (defined below) and is included in the “Additional paid-in capital” line of the consolidated balance sheets.

Under ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, (“ASC 470-20”), an entity must separately account for the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled entirely or partially in cash upon conversion (such as the Notes) in a manner that reflects the issuer’s economic interest cost. However, entities must first consider the guidance in ASC 815-15, Embedded Derivatives (“ASC 815-15”), to determine if an instrument contains an embedded feature that should be separately accounted for as a derivative. As the Notes were initially convertible into more than 19.99% of our outstanding common stock and shareholder approval in accordance with the NYSE rules (as described above) had not yet been obtained at the time the Notes were issued, we concluded that embedded derivative accounting under ASC 815-15 was applicable to approximately 60% of the Notes, while the remaining 40% of the Notes were subject to ASC 470-20.
As a result of obtaining shareholder approval on May 17, 2018, the embedded derivative met the criteria to be classified in stockholders’ equity, effective on the date of the approval. Accordingly, we recorded the change in fair value of the embedded derivative liability in our results of operations through May 17, 2018 and then reclassified the embedded derivative liability, which totaled $45.4 million to stockholders’ equity during the second quarter of 2018. The related income tax effects of the reclassification charged directly to stockholders’ equity were $7.8 million. As a result of the reclassification to stockholders’ equity, the embedded derivative is no longer marked to fair value each period. Losses on the embedded derivative liability recognized in the consolidated statements of operations were $24.8 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 (incurred in the first and second quarters of 2018).
The following table sets forth interest expense information related to the Notes (dollars in thousands):
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
20202019
Coupon interest$11,329 $11,500 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs6,938 6,435 
Total interest expense$18,267 $17,935 
Effective interest rate9.12 %9.12 %
Hedges

ASC 815 requires that derivative instruments be recorded at fair value and included in the balance sheet as assets or liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation, which is established at the inception date of a derivative. Special accounting for derivatives qualifying as fair value hedges allows derivatives’ gains and losses to offset related results on the hedged item in the statement of operations. For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value, to the extent the hedge is effective, are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. Hedge effectiveness is measured at least quarterly based on the relative cumulative changes in fair value between the derivative contract and the hedged item over time. Credit risks related to derivatives include the possibility that the counter-party will not fulfill the terms of the contract. We consider counterparty credit risk to our derivative contracts when valuing our derivative instruments.
We previously had borrowings of €12.3 million under the Credit Facility which served as an economic hedge of our net investment in our European operations as fluctuations in the fair value of the borrowing attributable to the U.S. Dollar/Euro spot rate to offset translation gains or losses attributable to our investment in our European operations. In connection with the repayment of the Credit Facility, the economic hedge was terminated, and at December 31, 2020 we had approximately $1.2 million in accumulated other comprehensive income, related to the terminated hedge.