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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
  ☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024
OR
  ☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____ to ____
Commission File Number: 000-16772
PEO-LOGO-BANCORP-HORIZ-RGB_SOLID.jpg
PEOPLES BANCORP INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Ohio 31-0987416
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
138 Putnam Street, P.O. Box 738,
Marietta,Ohio 45750
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (740)373-3155
 Not Applicable 
 (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, without par valuePEBOThe Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer☒Accelerated filer☐
Non-accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☐
Emerging growth company☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No  ☒

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 35,538,229 common shares, without par value, at October 31, 2024.

Table of Contents
Table of Contents


2
Table of Contents
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PEOPLES BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
(Dollars in thousands)(Unaudited)
Assets  
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and balances due from banks$139,244 $111,680 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks144,463 315,042 
Total cash and cash equivalents283,707 426,722 
Available-for-sale investment securities, at fair value (amortized cost of $1,189,792 at September 30, 2024 and $1,184,288 at December 31, 2023) (a)
1,080,667 1,048,322 
Held-to-maturity investment securities, at amortized cost (fair value of $636,529 at September 30, 2024 and $612,022 at December 31, 2023) (a)
693,637 683,657 
Other investment securities55,691 63,421 
Total investment securities (a)1,829,995 1,795,400 
Loans and leases, net of deferred fees and costs (b)6,271,839 6,159,196 
Allowance for credit losses (66,639)(62,011)
Net loans and leases (c)6,205,200 6,097,185 
Loans held for sale3,246 1,866 
Bank premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation105,202 103,856 
Bank owned life insurance143,065 140,554 
Goodwill362,414 362,169 
Other intangible assets41,508 50,003 
Other assets166,134 179,627 
Total assets$9,140,471 $9,157,382 
Liabilities  
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing$1,453,441 $1,567,649 
Interest-bearing6,029,716 5,584,648 
Total deposits7,483,157 7,152,297 
Short-term borrowings175,945 601,121 
Long-term borrowings236,824 216,241 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 119,573 134,189 
Total liabilities$8,015,499 $8,103,848 
Stockholders’ equity  
Preferred shares, no par value, 50,000 shares authorized, no shares issued at September 30, 2024 or at December 31, 2023
— — 
Common shares, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 36,772,459 shares issued at September 30, 2024 and 36,736,041 shares issued at December 31, 2023, including at each date shares held in treasury
865,326 865,227 
Retained earnings 375,396 327,237 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of deferred income taxes(82,496)(101,590)
Treasury stock, at cost, 1,323,075 shares at September 30, 2024 and 1,511,348 shares at December 31, 2023
(33,254)(37,340)
Total stockholders’ equity$1,124,972 $1,053,534 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$9,140,471 $9,157,382 
(a)    Available-for-sale investment securities and held-to-maturity investment securities are presented net of allowance for credit losses of $0 and $236, respectively, at September 30, 2024, and $0 and $238, respectively, at December 31, 2023.
(b)    Also referred to throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as "total loans" and "loans held for investment."
(c)    Also referred to throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as "net loans."


See Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

3
Table of Contents
PEOPLES BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)2024202320242023
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans and leases$116,547 109,024 $339,729 $272,634 
Interest and dividends on taxable investment securities15,132 12,635 43,892 36,409 
Interest on tax-exempt investment securities988 1,133 2,985 3,254 
Other interest income 953 801 5,377 1,862 
Total interest income133,620 123,593 391,983 314,159 
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits37,250 22,482 106,213 42,546 
Interest on short-term borrowings4,050 5,169 13,212 14,940 
Interest on long-term borrowings3,408 2,668 10,393 5,668 
Total interest expense44,708 30,319 129,818 63,154 
Net interest income88,912 93,274 262,165 251,005 
Provision for credit losses6,735 4,053 18,520 13,889 
Net interest income after provision for credit losses82,177 89,221 243,645 237,116 
Non-interest income:
Electronic banking income6,359 6,466 18,875 18,375 
Trust and investment income4,882 4,288 14,480 12,786 
Deposit account service charges4,520 4,516 13,082 12,192 
Insurance income4,271 4,250 14,878 13,679 
Lease income1,827 (66)4,179 2,730 
Bank owned life insurance income460 1,375 2,997 2,924 
Mortgage banking income1,051 237 1,615 740 
Net loss on investment securities(74)(7)(428)(2,108)
Net loss on asset disposals and other transactions(795)(307)(1,564)(2,218)
Other non-interest income2,293 2,452 6,163 4,179 
Total non-interest income24,794 23,204 74,277 63,279 
Non-interest expense:
Salaries and employee benefit costs37,085 36,608 112,542 106,661 
Data processing and software expense6,111 6,288 18,623 15,578 
Net occupancy and equipment expense5,905 5,501 18,330 15,836 
Professional fees2,896 3,456 8,798 13,775 
Amortization of other intangible assets2,786 3,280 8,361 7,951 
Electronic banking expense1,844 1,836 5,566 5,159 
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance expense
1,241 1,260 3,678 3,525 
Other loan expenses1,178 856 3,290 2,133 
Franchise tax expense917 772 2,558 2,678 
Communication expense814 752 2,349 2,089 
Marketing expense971 1,267 2,708 3,554 
Other non-interest expense4,342 9,820 16,510 19,859 
Total non-interest expense66,090 71,696 203,313 198,798 
Income before income taxes40,881 40,729 114,609 101,597 
Income tax expense9,197 8,847 24,334 22,059 
Net income$31,684 $31,882 $90,275 $79,538 
Earnings per common share - basic$0.90 $0.91 $2.57 $2.49 
Earnings per common share - diluted$0.89 $0.90 $2.55 $2.47 
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding - basic34,793,704 34,818,346 34,766,281 31,771,061 
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding - diluted35,199,383 35,061,897 35,106,712 31,977,486 
Cash dividends declared$14,174 $13,793 $42,116 $37,940 
Cash dividends declared per common share$0.40 $0.39 $1.19 $1.16 

See Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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PEOPLES BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2024202320242023
Net income$31,684 $31,882 $90,275 $79,538 
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Available-for-sale investment securities:
Gross unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period37,723 (34,330)26,414 (26,002)
Related tax (expense) benefit (8,779)7,671 (6,203)6,178 
Reclassification adjustment for net loss included in net income74 7 428 2,108 
Related tax (expense) benefit (18)3 (100)(492)
Net effect on other comprehensive income (loss) 29,000 (26,649)20,539 (18,208)
Defined benefit plan:
Net (loss) gain arising during the period— (244)— (244)
  Related tax benefit— 57 — 57 
Amortization of unrecognized loss and service cost on benefit plans— — — 9 
Related tax benefit (expense)— — — (2)
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI")— 2,424 — 2,424 
Related tax benefit (expense)— (566)— (566)
Net effect on other comprehensive income— 1,671 — 1,678 
Cash flow hedges:
Net (loss) gain arising during the period(1,698)118 (1,885)(165)
  Related tax benefit (expense)395 (16)440 35 
Net effect on other comprehensive (loss) income(1,303)102 (1,445)(130)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax27,697 (24,876)19,094 (16,660)
Total comprehensive income$59,381 $7,006 $109,369 $62,878 

See Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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PEOPLES BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Common SharesRetained EarningsTreasury Stock
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, June 30, 2024$863,975 $357,886 $(110,193)$(33,835)$1,077,833 
Net income— 31,684 — — 31,684 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — 27,697 — 27,697 
Cash dividends declared— (14,174)— (14,174)
Reissuance of treasury stock for common share awards(235)— — 235 — 
Repurchase of treasury stock in connection with employee incentive program and compensation plan for Boards of Directors— — — (170)(170)
Common shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan291 — — — 291 
Common shares issued under compensation plan for Boards of Directors19 — — 96 115 
Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan82 — — 420 502 
Stock-based compensation1,194 — — — 1,194 
Balance, September 30, 2024$865,326 $375,396 $(82,496)$(33,254)$1,124,972 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Common SharesRetained EarningsTreasury Stock
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2023$865,227 $327,237 $(101,590)$(37,340)$1,053,534 
Net income— 90,275 — — 90,275 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — 19,094 — 19,094 
Cash dividends declared— (42,116)— — (42,116)
Reissuance of treasury stock for common share awards(6,833)— — 6,833 — 
Reissuance of treasury stock for deferred compensation plan for Boards of Directors— — — 342 342 
Repurchase of treasury stock in connection with employee incentive program and compensation plan for Boards of Directors— — — (1,221)(1,221)
Common shares repurchased under share repurchase program— — — (3,000)(3,000)
Common shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan1,165 — — — 1,165 
Common shares issued under compensation plan for Boards of Directors61 — — 315 376 
Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan176 — — 817 993 
Stock-based compensation5,530 — — — 5,530 
Balance, September 30, 2024$865,326 $375,396 $(82,496)$(33,254)$1,124,972 

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Common SharesRetained EarningsTreasury Stock
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, June 30, 2023$862,960 $289,445 $(118,920)$(34,578)$998,907 
Net income— 31,882 — — 31,882 
Other comprehensive loss, excluding pension termination settlement, net of tax— — (26,734)— (26,734)
Pension termination settlement, net of tax— — 1,858 — 1,858 
Cash dividends declared— (13,793)— — (13,793)
Reissuance of treasury stock for common share awards(314)— — 314 — 
Repurchase of treasury stock in connection with employee incentive program and compensation plan for Boards of Directors— — — (391)(391)
Common shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan284 — — — 284 
Common shares issued under compensation plan for Boards of Directors6 — — 133 139 
Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan— — — (7)(7)
Stock-based compensation1,074 — — — 1,074 
Balance, September 30, 2023$864,010 $307,534 $(143,796)$(34,529)$993,219 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Common SharesRetained EarningsTreasury Stock
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2022$686,450 $265,936 $(127,136)$(39,922)$785,328 
Net income— 79,538 — — 79,538 
Other comprehensive income, excluding pension settlement, net of tax— — (18,518)— (18,518)
Pension settlement, net of tax— — 1,858 — 1,858 
Cash dividends declared— (37,940)— — (37,940)
Reissuance of treasury stock for common share awards(5,724)— — 5,724 — 
Reissuance of treasury stock for deferred compensation plan for Boards of Directors— — — 115 115 
Repurchase of treasury stock in connection with employee incentive program and compensation plan for Boards of Directors— — — (1,445)(1,445)
Common shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan1,036 — — — 1,036 
Common shares issued under compensation plan for Boards of Directors25 — — 385 410 
Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan61 — — 614 675 
Stock-based compensation4,233 — — — 4,233 
Issuance of common shares related to merger with Limestone Bancorp, Inc.177,929 — — — 177,929 
Balance, September 30, 2023$864,010 $307,534 $(143,796)$(34,529)$993,219 

See Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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PEOPLES BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Net cash provided by operating activities$103,230 $113,085 
Investing activities:
Available-for-sale investment securities:
Purchases(203,702)(33,380)
Proceeds from sales— 166,919 
Proceeds from principal payments, calls and prepayments196,067 115,963 
Held-to-maturity investment securities:
Purchases(110,406)(187,487)
Proceeds from principal payments100,528 72,396 
Other investment securities:
Purchases(18,824)(24,768)
Proceeds from sales27,071 15,681 
Net increase in loans held for investment(108,058)(285,202)
Net expenditures for premises and equipment(6,625)(10,620)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned10 129 
Business acquisitions, net of cash received(245)92,952 
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance contracts486 — 
Investment in limited partnership and tax credit funds(2,919)(1,699)
Net cash used in investing activities(126,617)(79,116)
Financing activities:  
Net decrease in non-interest-bearing deposits(114,208)(283,034)
Net increase in interest-bearing deposits445,012 369,629 
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings(425,176)25,299 
Proceeds from long-term borrowings45,872 70,085 
Payments on long-term borrowings(26,217)(32,515)
Cash dividends paid(41,820)(37,899)
Purchase of treasury stock under share repurchase program(3,000)— 
Purchase of treasury stock in connection with employee incentive program and compensation plan for Boards of Directors to be held as treasury stock
(1,221)(1,445)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares1,130 998 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(119,628)111,118 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(143,015)145,087 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period426,722 154,022 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$283,707 $299,109 
Supplemental cash flow information:
     Interest paid$125,979 $57,033 
     Income taxes paid20,383 29,636 
Supplemental noncash disclosures:
     Transfers from total loans to other real estate owned235 31 
Noncash recognition of new leases1,130 4,428 
See Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements


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PEOPLES BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation: The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Peoples Bancorp Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Peoples" refers to Peoples Bancorp Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries collectively, except where the context indicates the reference relates solely to Peoples Bancorp Inc.) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("US GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these financial statements do not contain all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Peoples’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 ("Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K").
The accounting and reporting policies followed in the presentation of the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are consistent with those described in "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Peoples’ 2023 Form 10-K, as updated by the information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 (this "Form 10-Q"). Management has evaluated all significant events and transactions that occurred after September 30, 2024 for potential recognition or disclosure in these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In the opinion of management, these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments necessary to present fairly such information for the periods and at the dates indicated. Such adjustments are normal and recurring in nature. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2023, contained herein, has been derived from the audited Consolidated Balance Sheet included in Peoples’ 2023 Form 10-K. 
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year, due in part to seasonal variations and unusual or infrequently occurring items.
New Accounting Pronouncements: From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") or other standard setting bodies that are adopted by Peoples as of the required effective dates. Refer to "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Peoples’ 2023 Form 10-K. Unless otherwise discussed, management believes the impact of any recently issued standards, including those issued but not yet effective, will not have a material impact on Peoples' financial statements taken as a whole.
Note 2 Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
Fair value represents the amount expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in its principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with fair value accounting guidance, Peoples measures, records and reports various types of assets and liabilities at fair value on either a recurring or a non-recurring basis in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Those assets and liabilities are presented below in the sections entitled “Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured and Reported at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis” and “Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured and Reported at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis.”
Depending on the nature of the asset or the liability, Peoples uses various valuation methodologies and assumptions to estimate fair value. The measurement of fair value under US GAAP uses a hierarchy, which is described in "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K.
Assets and liabilities are assigned to a level within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of significant input used to measure fair value. Assets and liabilities may change levels within the fair value hierarchy due to market conditions or other circumstances. Those transfers are recognized on the date of the event that prompted the transfer. There were no transfers of assets or liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.


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Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured and Reported at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table provides the fair value for assets and liabilities required to be measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets by level in the fair value hierarchy.
 Recurring Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 1Level 2
Assets:  
Available-for-sale investment securities:
Obligations of:  
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
$27,961 $— $30,296 $— 
 U.S. government sponsored agencies— 174,708 — 118,607 
States and political subdivisions
— 206,779 — 213,296 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 607,726 — 628,924 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— 57,437 — 51,234 
Bank-issued trust preferred securities— 6,056 — 5,965 
Total available-for-sale securities$27,961 $1,052,706 $30,296 $1,018,026 
Equity investment securities (a)187 241 191 237 
Derivative assets (b)— 13,685 — 22,304 
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities (c)$— $12,354 $— $19,122 
(a)    Included in "Other investment securities" on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. For additional information, see "Note 3 Investment Securities" of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
(b)    Included in "Other assets" on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. For additional information, see "Note 10 Derivative Financial Instruments" of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
(c)    Included in "Accrued expenses and other liabilities" on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. For additional information, see "Note 10 Derivative Financial Instruments" of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Available-for-Sale Investment Securities: The fair values used by Peoples are obtained from an independent pricing service and represent either quoted market prices for the identical securities (Level 1) or fair values determined by pricing models using a market approach that considers observable market data, such as interest rate volatility, secured overnight funding rate ("SOFR") (or other relevant) yield curves, credit spreads and prices from market makers and live trading systems (Level 2). Management reviews the valuation methodology and quality controls utilized by the pricing services or broker in management's overall assessment of the reasonableness of the fair values provided, and challenges prices when management believes a material discrepancy in pricing exists.
Equity Investment Securities: The fair values of Peoples' equity investment securities are obtained from quoted prices in active exchange markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) or quoted prices in less active markets (Level 2).
Derivative Assets and Derivative Liabilities: Derivative assets and derivative liabilities are recognized on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets at their fair value within "Other assets" and "Accrued expenses and other liabilities", respectively. The fair value for derivative financial instruments is determined based on market prices, broker-dealer quotations on similar products, or other related input parameters (Level 2).


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Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured and Reported at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The following table provides the fair value for each class of assets and liabilities required to be measured and reported at fair value on a non-recurring basis on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets by level in the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
 Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)Level 2Level 3Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Collateral dependent loans$— $10,948 $— $501 
Loans held for sale (a)1,928 — 1,663 — 
Other real estate owned— — — 7,118 
(a) Loans held for sale are presented gross of a valuation allowance of $74 and $163 at September 30, 2024 and at December 31, 2023, respectively.

Collateral Dependent Loans: Loans for which repayment is dependent upon the operation or sale of collateral, as the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, are considered collateral dependent. Peoples utilizes outside third-party appraisal services to value the underlying collateral, which Peoples then uses to report the loans at their fair value (Level 3).
Loans Held for Sale: Loans originated and intended to be sold in the secondary market, generally one-to-four family residential loans, are carried, in aggregate, at the lower of cost or estimated fair value. Peoples uses a valuation model using quoted market prices of similar instruments in arriving at the fair value (Level 2).
Other Real Estate Owned ("OREO"): OREO, included in "Other assets" on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, is comprised primarily of commercial and residential real estate properties acquired by Peoples in satisfaction of a loan. OREO obtained in satisfaction of a loan is recorded at the lower of cost or estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell the property. The carrying value of OREO is not re-measured to fair value on a recurring basis, but is based on recent real estate appraisals and is updated at least annually. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches, including the comparable sales approach and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available (Level 3).



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Financial Instruments Not Required to be Measured or Reported at Fair Value
The following table provides the carrying amount for each class of assets and liabilities and the fair value for certain financial instruments that are not required to be measured or reported at fair value on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 Fair Value Measurements of Other Financial Instruments
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value Hierarchy LevelSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying AmountFair ValueCarrying AmountFair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents1$283,707 $283,707 $426,722 $426,722 
Held-to-maturity investment securities:
   Obligations of:
U.S. government sponsored agencies2196,642 191,610 188,475 180,825 
States and political subdivisions (a)2141,918 115,674 144,496 114,288 
Residential mortgage-backed securities2256,329 243,499 248,559 231,620 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities298,984 85,746 102,365 85,289 
        Total held-to-maturity securities693,873 636,529 683,895 612,022 
Other investment securities:
Other investment securities at cost:
Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") stock N/A20,245 20,245 29,949 29,949 
Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB") stockN/A27,114 27,114 26,896 26,896 
Total other investment securities at cost47,359 47,359 56,845 56,845 
Other investment securities at fair value:
Nonqualified deferred compensation (b)14,729 4,729 3,162 3,162 
Other investment securities (c)23,175 3,175 2,985 2,985 
Total other investment securities 55,263 55,263 62,992 62,992 
Loans and leases, net of deferred fees and costs (d)36,271,839 6,229,349 6,159,196 6,064,999 
Bank owned life insurance 2143,065 143,065 140,554 140,554 
Liabilities:
Deposits2$7,483,157 $6,811,258 $7,152,297 $6,319,885 
Short-term borrowings2175,945 187,869 601,121 619,999 
Long-term borrowings2236,824 252,873 216,241 222,743 
(a) Obligations of states and political subdivisions are presented gross of an allowance for credit losses of $236 and $238 at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
(b) Investments in the nonqualified deferred compensation plan consist of mutual funds.
(c)     "Other investment securities", as reported on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, also included equity investment securities at September 30, 2024
and at December 31, 2023, which are reported in the Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured and Reported at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
table above and not included in this table.
(d) Loans and leases, net of deferred fees and costs, are presented gross of an allowance for credit losses of $66.6 million and $62.0 million at September 30, 2024 and at December 31, 2023, respectively.

For certain financial assets and liabilities, carrying value approximates fair value due to the nature of the financial instrument. These financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents and overnight borrowings. Peoples used the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of the following financial instruments:
Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, balances due from other banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, federal funds sold and other short-term investments with original maturities of ninety days or less. The carrying amount for cash and cash equivalents balances are a reasonable estimate of fair value (Level 1).
Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities: The fair values used by Peoples are obtained from an independent pricing service and represent fair values determined by pricing models using a market approach that considers observable market data, such as interest rate volatility, relevant yield curves, credit spreads and prices from market makers and live trading systems (Level 2). When observable market data is absent, the independent pricing service estimates prices based on underlying cash flow characteristics and discount rates and compares them to similar securities (Level 3). Management reviews the valuation methodology and quality controls utilized by the pricing services in management's overall assessment

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of the reasonableness of the fair values provided, and challenges prices when management believes a material discrepancy in pricing exists.
Other Investment Securities: Other investment securities at cost are not recorded at fair value as they are not marketable securities. Other investment securities at fair value are valued using quoted prices in an active market (Level 1) or quoted prices in less active markets (Level 2). FHLB and FRB stock are both recorded at cost.
Loans and Leases, Net of Deferred Fees and Costs: The fair value of portfolio loans and leases assumes sale of the underlying notes to a third-party financial investor. Accordingly, this value is not necessarily the value to Peoples if the notes were held to maturity. Peoples considers interest rate, credit and market factors in estimating the fair value of loans and leases (Level 3). Fair values for loans and leases are estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology. The discount rates take into account interest rates currently being offered to customers for loans and leases with similar terms, the credit risk associated with the loans and leases and other market factors, including liquidity.
Bank Owned Life Insurance: Peoples' bank owned life insurance policies are recorded at their cash surrender value (Level 2). Peoples recognizes tax-exempt income from the periodic increases in the cash surrender value of these policies and from death benefits.
Deposits: The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit ("CDs") is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation based on current rates offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. Demand and other non-fixed-maturity deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation based on maturity, attrition and re-pricing assumptions (Level 2).
Short-term Borrowings: The fair value of short-term borrowings is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on rates currently available to Peoples for borrowings with similar terms (Level 2). 
Long-term Borrowings: The fair value of long-term borrowings is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on rates currently available to Peoples for borrowings with similar terms (Level 2). 
Certain financial assets and financial liabilities that are not required to be measured or reported at fair value can be subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). These financial assets and financial liabilities include the following: customer relationships, the deposit base, and other information required to compute Peoples’ aggregate fair value, which are not included in the above information. Accordingly, the fair values described above are not intended to represent the aggregate fair value of Peoples.

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Note 3 Investment Securities
Available-for-sale
The following table summarizes Peoples' available-for-sale investment securities:

(Dollars in thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
September 30, 2024    
Obligations of:    
U.S. Treasury and government agencies$28,202 $361 $(602)$27,961 
U.S. government sponsored agencies181,198 1,632 (8,122)174,708 
States and political subdivisions229,119 353 (22,693)206,779 
Residential mortgage-backed securities679,575 2,319 (74,168)607,726 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities65,198 16 (7,777)57,437 
Bank-issued trust preferred securities6,500 3 (447)6,056 
Total available-for-sale securities$1,189,792 $4,684 $(113,809)$1,080,667 
December 31, 2023    
Obligations of:    
U.S. Treasury and government agencies$30,999 $292 $(995)$30,296 
U.S. government sponsored agencies128,500 639 (10,532)118,607 
States and political subdivisions239,906 485 (27,095)213,296 
Residential mortgage-backed securities717,772 1,819 (90,667)628,924 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities60,611 5 (9,382)51,234 
Bank-issued trust preferred securities6,500 — (535)5,965 
Total available-for-sale securities$1,184,288 $3,240 $(139,206)$1,048,322 

The gross gains and losses realized by Peoples from sales or prepayments of available-for-sale securities for the periods ended September 30 were as follows:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2024202320242023
Gross gains realized$347 $1,101 $347 $1,191 
Gross losses realized421 1,108 775 3,299 
Net (loss) gain realized$(74)$(7)$(428)$(2,108)
The cost of investment securities sold, and any resulting gain or loss, were based on the specific identification method and recognized as of the trade date.

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The following table presents a summary of available-for-sale investment securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the periods identified:
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Fair
Value
Unrealized LossNo. of Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized LossNo. of Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized Loss
September 30, 2024        
Obligations of:
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
$1,456 $7 6 $13,408 $595 11 $14,864 $602 
U.S. government sponsored agencies
32,550 376 12 72,534 7,746 13 105,084 8,122 
States and political subdivisions9,831 125 30 167,599 22,568 134 177,430 22,693 
Residential mortgage-backed securities
4,941 108 3 517,339 74,060 256 522,280 74,168 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
— — — 49,447 7,777 25 49,447 7,777 
Bank-issued trust preferred securities
1,991 9 1 3,562 438 2 5,553 447 
Total$50,769 $625 52 $823,889 $113,184 441 $874,658 $113,809 
December 31, 2023        
Obligations of:
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
$8,568 $83 22 $11,631 $912 5 $20,199 $995 
U.S. government sponsored agencies
14,439 35 4 74,211 10,497 15 88,650 10,532 
States and political subdivisions18,268 136 32 167,346 26,959 138 185,614 27,095 
Residential mortgage-backed securities
58,671 1,150 66 529,895 89,517 238 588,566 90,667 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
6,000 112 7 44,656 9,270 21 50,656 9,382 
Bank-issued trust preferred securities
1,984 16 1 3,981 519 3 5,965 535 
Total$107,930 $1,532 132 $831,720 $137,674 420 $939,650 $139,206 
Management evaluates available-for-sale investment securities for an allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis. At September 30, 2024, management concluded that no individual securities at an unrealized loss position required an allowance for credit losses. At September 30, 2024, Peoples did not have the intent to sell, nor was it more likely than not that Peoples would be required to sell, any of the securities with an unrealized loss prior to recovery. Further, the unrealized losses at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were attributable to changes in market interest rates and spreads since the securities were purchased, and were not credit-related losses.
The unrealized loss with respect to the two bank-issued trust preferred securities that had been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or more at September 30, 2024 was attributable to the subordinated nature of the trust preferred securities.

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The table below presents the amortized cost, fair value and total weighted-average yield of available-for-sale securities by contractual maturity at September 30, 2024. The weighted-average yields are based on the amortized cost. In some cases, the issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without call or prepayment penalties prior to the contractual maturity date.
 
(Dollars in thousands)Within 1 Year1 to 5 Years5 to 10 YearsOver 10 YearsTotal
Amortized cost     
Obligations of:     
U.S. Treasury and government agencies$1,291$14,282$6,931$5,698$28,202
U.S. government sponsored agencies—67,07426,70987,415181,198
States and political subdivisions5,46344,85468,790110,012229,119
Residential mortgage-backed securities265,45851,746622,345679,575
Commercial mortgage-backed securities—12,01626,66726,51565,198
Bank-issued trust preferred securities2,0001,5003,000—6,500
Total available-for-sale securities$8,780$145,184$183,843$851,985$1,189,792
Fair value     
Obligations of:     
U.S. Treasury and government agencies$1,284$13,699$7,154$5,824$27,961
U.S. government sponsored agencies—63,29624,60986,803174,708
States and political subdivisions5,44742,80360,40198,128206,779
Residential mortgage-backed securities265,33848,393553,969607,726
Commercial mortgage-backed securities—11,23123,37922,82757,437
Bank-issued trust preferred securities1,9911,4552,610—6,056
Total available-for-sale securities$8,748$137,822$166,546$767,551$1,080,667
Total weighted-average yield3.13 %2.66 %2.45 %3.05 %2.91 %
Held-to-maturity
The following table summarizes Peoples’ held-to-maturity investment securities:
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized CostAllowance for Credit Losses Gross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
September 30, 2024    
Obligations of:   
 U.S. government sponsored agencies$196,642 $— $1,234 $(6,266)$191,610 
States and political subdivisions141,918 (236)158 (26,166)115,674 
Residential mortgage-backed securities256,329 — 2,558 (15,388)243,499 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities98,984 — 148 (13,386)85,746 
Total held-to-maturity investment securities$693,873 $(236)$4,098 $(61,206)$636,529 
December 31, 2023    
Obligations of:    
U.S. government sponsored agencies$188,475 $— $489 $(8,139)$180,825 
States and political subdivisions144,496 (238)134 (30,104)114,288 
Residential mortgage-backed securities248,559 — 1,643 (18,582)231,620 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities102,365 — — (17,076)85,289 
Total held-to-maturity investment securities$683,895 $(238)$2,266 $(73,901)$612,022 
There were no sales of held-to-maturity investment securities during the periods ended September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023.
Management evaluates held-to-maturity investment securities for an allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis. Peoples has determined that the loss given default for U.S. government sponsored agencies investment securities is zero, due to the fact that it is unlikely the ultimate guarantor (the U.S. government) would not perform on its implicit guarantee in the event of default. The remaining securities are included in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity investment securities. Peoples reported $0.2 million of allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities at both September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

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The following table presents a summary of held-to-maturity investment securities that had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the periods identified:
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
(Dollars in thousands)Fair
Value		Unrealized LossNo. of SecuritiesFair
Value		Unrealized LossNo. of SecuritiesFair
Value		Unrealized Loss
September 30, 2024        
Obligations of:
U.S. government sponsored agencies$— $— — 46,022 6,266 13 $46,022 $6,266 
States and political subdivisions— — — 112,398 26,166 66 112,398 26,166 
Residential mortgage-backed securities
11,264 96 1 139,351 15,292 43 150,615 15,388 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
3,171 946 3 73,565 12,440 29 76,736 13,386 
Total$14,435 $1,042 4 $371,336 $60,164 151 $385,771 $61,206 
December 31, 2023        
Obligations of:
U.S. government sponsored agencies$64,487 $356 14 $86,071 $7,783 18 $150,558 $8,139 
States and political subdivisions— — — 111,040 30,104 67 111,040 30,104 
Residential mortgage-backed securities
44,379 1,105 14 117,654 17,477 34 162,033 18,582 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
13,919 1,845 6 71,370 15,231 31 85,289 17,076 
Total$122,785 $3,306 34 $386,135 $70,595 150 $508,920 $73,901 
The table below presents the amortized cost, fair value and total weighted-average yield of held-to-maturity investment securities by contractual maturity at September 30, 2024. The weighted-average yields are based on the amortized cost and are computed on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using a blended federal and state corporate income tax rate of 23.3% at September 30, 2024. In some cases, the issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without call or prepayment penalties prior to the contractual maturity date.
(Dollars in thousands)Within 1 Year1 to 5 Years5 to 10 YearsOver 10 YearsTotal
Amortized cost     
Obligations of:     
U.S. government sponsored agencies$8,000$10,625$44,182$133,835$196,642
States and political subdivisions—8,32315,960117,635141,918
Residential mortgage-backed securities—2734,027252,029256,329
Commercial mortgage-backed securities—12,97534,18951,82098,984
Total held-to-maturity investment securities$8,000$32,196$98,358$555,319$693,873
Fair value     
Obligations of:     
U.S. government sponsored agencies$7,989$10,347$44,226$129,048$191,610
States and political subdivisions—8,14413,78293,748115,674
Residential mortgage-backed securities—2703,627239,602243,499
Commercial mortgage-backed securities—12,10130,38543,26085,746
Total held-to-maturity investment securities$7,989$30,862$92,020$505,658$636,529
Total weighted-average yield3.98%2.94%3.74%3.72%3.69%


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Other Investment Securities
Peoples' other investment securities on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets consist largely of shares of FHLB stock and of FRB stock.
The following table summarizes the carrying value of Peoples' other investment securities:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
FHLB stock$20,245 $29,949 
FRB stock27,114 26,896 
Nonqualified deferred compensation4,729 3,162 
Equity investment securities2,734 2,545 
Other investment securities869 869 
Total other investment securities$55,691 $63,421 
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, Peoples redeemed $26.9 million of FHLB stock in order to be in compliance with the requirements of the FHLB. Peoples purchased $17.2 million of additional FHLB stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as a result of the FHLB's capital requirements on FHLB advances.
For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, Peoples recorded the change in the fair value of equity investment securities held during the period in "Other non-interest income", resulting in an unrealized gain of $12,000 and an unrealized loss of $58,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, Peoples recognized an unrealized gain of $81,000 and an unrealized loss of $175,000, respectively, for the change in fair value of equity investment securities in "Other non-interest income".
At September 30, 2024, Peoples' investment in equity investment securities was comprised largely of common stocks issued by various unrelated bank holding companies. There were no equity investment securities of a single issuer that exceeded 10% of Peoples' stockholders' equity at September 30, 2024.
Pledged Securities
Peoples has pledged available-for-sale investment securities and held-to-maturity investment securities to secure public and trust department deposits, and repurchase agreements in accordance with federal and state requirements. Peoples has also pledged available-for-sale investment securities to secure additional borrowing capacity at the FHLB and the FRB.
The following table summarizes the carrying amount of Peoples' pledged securities:
 Carrying Amount
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Securing public and trust department deposits, and repurchase agreements:
     Available-for-sale$542,071 $713,033 
     Held-to-maturity553,726 559,142 
Securing additional borrowing capacity at the FHLB and the FRB:
     Available-for-sale119,453 85,899 
     Held-to-maturity63,768 39,607 
Accrued Interest
Accrued interest receivable is not included in investment securities balances, and is presented in the “Other assets” line of the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, with no recorded allowance for credit losses. Interest receivable on investment securities was $10.2 million at September 30, 2024 and $9.5 million at December 31, 2023.
Note 4 Loans and Leases
Peoples' loan portfolio consists of various types of loans and leases originated primarily as a result of lending opportunities within Peoples' footprint. Peoples also originates insurance premium finance loans nationwide through its Peoples Premium Finance division, and originates leases nationwide through its North Star Leasing ("NSL") division and its Vantage Financial, LLC ("Vantage") subsidiary.

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The major classifications of loan balances (in each case, net of deferred fees and costs) excluding loans held for sale, were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		December 31, 2023
Construction$320,094 $364,019 
Commercial real estate, other2,180,491 2,196,957 
Commercial and industrial1,250,152 1,184,986 
Premium finance286,983 203,177 
Leases433,009 414,060 
Residential real estate777,542 791,095 
Home equity lines of credit233,109 208,675 
Consumer, indirect677,056 666,472 
Consumer, direct112,198 128,769 
Deposit account overdrafts1,205 986 
Total loans, at amortized cost$6,271,839 $6,159,196 
Accrued interest receivable is not included within the loan balances, but is presented in the “Other assets” line of the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, with no recorded allowance for credit losses. Total interest receivable on loans was $22.9 million at September 30, 2024 and $24.5 million at December 31, 2023.
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
A loan is considered past due if any required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were required to be made under the terms of the loan agreement. A loan may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loan is considered past due.
The amortized cost of loans on nonaccrual status and of loans delinquent for 90 days or more and accruing was as follows:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual (a)
Accruing Loans 90+ Days Past Due
Nonaccrual (a)
Accruing Loans 90+ Days Past Due
Commercial real estate, other4,416 3,838 2,816 78 
Commercial and industrial7,008 413 2,758 316 
Premium finance— 7,771 — 1,355 
Leases12,428 12,675 8,436 3,826 
Residential real estate6,658 2,442 7,921 877 
Home equity lines of credit1,461 292 1,022 171 
Consumer, indirect2,726 46 2,412 68 
Consumer, direct110 101 112 25 
Total loans, at amortized cost$34,807 $27,578 $25,477 $6,716 
(a) There were $3.8 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2024 and $1.2 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2023.
During the first nine months of 2024, nonaccrual loans increased compared to at December 31, 2023, which was primarily due to twelve large leases totaling $3.6 million and four commercial real estate loans of approximately $1.1 million that went on nonaccrual status during 2024. The increase in accruing loans 90+ days past due at September 30, 2024, when compared to at December 31, 2023, was primarily due to an increase in leases that were 90+ days past due and accruing of $8.8 million, which was administrative in nature, an increase in premium finance loans loans of approximately $6.4 million, and an increase in commercial real estate loans of approximately $3.8 million. The increase in past due premium finance loans carry low credit risk, due to the ability to cancel premiums and recover the majority of the receivable from the insurer.
The amount of interest income recognized on accruing loans 90+ days past due during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $1.3 million.
The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost of past due loans:

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Loans Past Due
Current
Loans
Total
Loans
(Dollars in thousands)30 - 59 days60 - 89 days90 + DaysTotal
September 30, 2024
Construction$— $— $— $— $320,094 $320,094 
Commercial real estate, other1,349 2,437 7,073 10,859 2,169,632 2,180,491 
Commercial and industrial3,818 674 5,159 9,651 1,240,501 1,250,152 
Premium finance2,267 1,192 7,771 11,230 275,753 286,983 
Leases3,417 10,788 24,894 39,099 393,910 433,009 
Residential real estate3,144 3,100 4,915 11,159 766,383 777,542 
Home equity lines of credit1,324 276 1,094 2,694 230,415 233,109 
Consumer, indirect7,405 1,542 1,436 10,383 666,673 677,056 
Consumer, direct619 76 168 863 111,335 112,198 
Deposit account overdrafts— — — — 1,205 1,205 
Total loans, at amortized cost$23,343 $20,085 $52,510 $95,938 $6,175,901 $6,271,839 
December 31, 2023
Construction$13 $52 $— $65 $363,954 $364,019 
Commercial real estate, other2,728 4,556 1,572 8,856 2,188,101 2,196,957 
Commercial and industrial1,717 1,491 3,052 6,260 1,178,726 1,184,986 
Premium finance1,288 867 1,355 3,510 199,667 203,177 
Leases12,743 4,932 12,014 29,689 384,371 414,060 
Residential real estate14,021 2,733 4,481 21,235 769,860 791,095 
Home equity lines of credit1,561 691 683 2,935 205,740 208,675 
Consumer, indirect7,488 1,550 1,230 10,268 656,204 666,472 
Consumer, direct536 282 43 861 127,908 128,769 
Deposit account overdrafts— — — — 986 986 
Total loans, at amortized cost$42,095 $17,154 $24,430 $83,679 $6,075,517 $6,159,196 
Delinquency trends decreased slightly, as 98.5% of Peoples' loan portfolio was considered “current” at September 30, 2024, compared to 98.6% at December 31, 2023.
Pledged Loans
Peoples has pledged certain loans secured by one-to-four family and multifamily residential mortgages, home equity lines of credit and commercial real estate loans under a blanket collateral agreement to secure borrowings from the FHLB. Peoples also has pledged eligible commercial and industrial loans to secure borrowings with the FRB. Loans pledged are summarized as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Loans pledged to FHLB$1,223,345 $1,206,134 
Loans pledged to FRB458,896 419,245 
Credit Quality Indicators
As discussed in "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K, Peoples categorizes the majority of its loans into risk categories based upon an established risk grading matrix using a scale of 1 to 8. Loan grades are assigned at the time a new loan or lending commitment is extended by Peoples and may be changed at any time when circumstances warrant. Commercial loans to borrowers with an aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of $1.0 million are reviewed at least on an annual basis for possible credit deterioration. Commercial leases, as well as loan relationships whose aggregate credit exposure to Peoples is equal to or less than $1.0 million, are reviewed on an event driven basis. Triggers for review include knowledge of adverse events affecting the borrower's business, receipt of financial statements indicating deteriorating credit quality or other similar events. Adversely classified loans are reviewed on a quarterly basis. A description of the general characteristics of the risk grades used by Peoples, follows:
“Pass” (grades 1 through 4): Loans in this risk category involve borrowers of acceptable-to-strong credit quality and risk who have the apparent ability to satisfy their loan obligations. Loans in this risk category would possess sufficient mitigating factors, such as adequate collateral or strong guarantors possessing the capacity to repay the loan if required, for any weakness that may exist.

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“Special Mention” (grade 5): Loans in this risk grade are the equivalent of the regulatory definition of “Other Assets Especially Mentioned.” Loans in this risk category possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness, which requires a high level of management attention. Potential weaknesses include declining trends in operating earnings and cash flows and/or reliance on a secondary source of repayment. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in noticeable deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in Peoples' credit position.
“Substandard” (grade 6): Loans in this risk grade are inadequately protected by the borrower's current financial condition and payment capability or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have one or more well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly repayment of the loans. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that Peoples will sustain some loss if the weaknesses are not corrected.
“Doubtful” (grade 7): Loans in this risk grade have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or orderly repayment in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the exposure, classification of each of these loans as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.
“Loss” (grade 8): Loans in this risk grade are considered to be non-collectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This does not mean a loan has absolutely no recovery value, but rather it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though partial recovery may be obtained in the future. Charge-offs against the allowance for credit losses are taken during the period in which the loan becomes uncollectible. Consequently, Peoples typically does not maintain a recorded investment in loans within this category.
Consumer loans and other smaller-balance loans are evaluated and categorized as "substandard," "doubtful" or "loss" based upon the regulatory definition of these classes and consistent with regulatory requirements. Leases are categorized as "special mention", "substandard", or "loss" based upon delinquency status and the prospect of collecting the remaining net investment balance owed under the lease. All other loans not evaluated individually, nor meeting the regulatory conditions to be categorized as described above, would be considered as being "not rated."
The following table summarizes the risk category of loans within Peoples' loan portfolio, including acquired loans, based upon the most recent analysis performed at September 30, 2024:
Term Loans at Amortized Cost by Origination YearRevolving Loans Converted to Term
(Dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans
Total
Loans
Construction

  Pass$30,953 $137,659 $96,715 $34,864 $3,179 $13,887 $— $— $317,257 
  Special mention— — — — — 117 — — 117 
  Substandard— 1,172 1,548 — — — — — 2,720 
     Total30,953 138,831 98,263 34,864 3,179 14,004 — — 320,094 
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — 
Commercial real estate, other

  Pass81,458 213,204 343,926 372,653 207,222 819,922 40,812 — 2,079,197 
  Special mention273 4,197 13,939 1,649 1,312 8,059 291 32 29,720 
  Substandard147 2,024 2,720 18,487 9,326 38,233 627 — 71,564 
  Doubtful— — — — — 10 — — 10 
     Total81,878 219,425 360,585 392,789 217,860 866,224 41,730 32 2,180,491 
Current period gross charge-offs— — 212 — — — 212 
Commercial and industrial
  Pass152,272 209,996 139,519 151,660 70,178 183,600 245,498 4,865 1,152,723 
  Special mention51 3,591 10,820 5,095 11,569 16,937 19,815 5,500 67,878 
  Substandard210 250 4,567 12,962 4,570 1,800 3,061 — 27,420 
  Doubtful— — 1,968 — — 163 — — 2,131 
     Total152,533 213,837 156,874 169,717 86,317 202,500 268,374 10,365 1,250,152 

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Term Loans at Amortized Cost by Origination YearRevolving Loans Converted to Term
(Dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans
Total
Loans
Current period gross charge-offs— — — 15 78 457 550 
Premium Finance
Pass275,918 10,906 159 — — — — — 286,983 
Total275,918 10,906 159 — — — — — 286,983 
Current period gross charge-offs3 110 33 — — — 146 
Leases
Pass157,377 141,799 74,242 30,513 6,061 2,426 — — 412,418 
Special mention2,660 1,371 2,555 57 17 3 — — 6,663 
Substandard479 4,516 2,580 1,569 384 380 — — 9,908 
Doubtful686 1,824 722 596 — — — — 3,828 
Loss— — — 192 — — — — 192 
Total161,202 149,510 80,099 32,927 6,462 2,809 — — 433,009 
Current period gross charge-offs473 2,560 3,530 731 68 38 7,400 
Residential real estate
Pass59,312 68,606 86,717 131,488 53,439 367,695 — — 767,257 
Substandard162 613 264 756 172 8,212 — — 10,179 
Loss10 28 — — — 68 — — 106 
     Total59,484 69,247 86,981 132,244 53,611 375,975 — — 777,542 
Current period gross charge-offs— — 46 5 — 93 144 
Home equity lines of credit
Pass44,119 39,248 38,761 31,113 17,335 60,983 25 1,463 231,584 
Substandard— 19 168 46 34 1,250 — — 1,517 
Loss— — — — — 8 — — 8 
     Total44,119 39,267 38,929 31,159 17,369 62,241 25 1,463 233,109 
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — 11 11 
Consumer, indirect
Pass193,608 193,746 165,610 65,132 36,265 19,405 — — 673,766 
Substandard173 755 861 797 327 317 — — 3,230 
Loss9 10 15 14 — 12 — — 60 
     Total193,790 194,511 166,486 65,943 36,592 19,734 — — 677,056 
Current period gross charge-offs211 1,730 1,426 598 130 753 4,848 
Consumer, direct
Pass37,653 28,873 24,753 11,161 5,007 4,507 — — 111,954 

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Term Loans at Amortized Cost by Origination YearRevolving Loans Converted to Term
(Dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans
Total
Loans
Substandard— 55 50 21 6 99 — — 231 
Loss10 3 — — — — — — 13 
     Total37,663 28,931 24,803 11,182 5,013 4,606 — — 112,198 
Current period gross charge-offs2 96 197 43 11 180 529 
Deposit account overdrafts1,205 — — — — — — — 1,205 
Current period gross charge-offs1,232 — — — — — 1,232 
Total loans, at amortized cost1,038,745 1,064,465 1,013,179 870,825 426,403 1,548,093 310,129 11,860 6,271,839 
Total current period gross charge-offs$1,921 $4,496 $5,444 $1,392 $287 $1,532 $15,072 
The following table summarizes the risk category of loans within Peoples' loan portfolio, including acquired loans, based upon the then most recent analysis performed at December 31, 2023:
Term Loans at Amortized Cost by Origination Year
(Dollars in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term
Total
Loans
Construction

  Pass$80,273 $141,245 $85,913 $27,169 $9,995 $12,723 $— $— $357,318 
  Special mention— 3,757 — — — 123 — — 3,880 
  Substandard1,200 1,590 — — — 31 — — 2,821 
     Total81,473 146,592 85,913 27,169 9,995 12,877 — — 364,019 
Current period gross charge-offs— — 9 — — — 9 
Commercial real estate, other

  Pass199,565 327,762 366,752 227,604 262,099 650,265 37,177 189 2,071,224 
  Special mention999 12,975 4,850 10,324 7,074 22,186 408 41 58,816 
  Substandard287 2,421 5,878 8,679 1,972 47,213 457 — 66,907 
  Doubtful— — — — — 10 — — 10 
     Total200,851 343,158 377,480 246,607 271,145 719,674 38,042 230 2,196,957 
Current period gross charge-offs— — — 39 — 575 614 
Commercial and industrial
  Pass225,894 180,068 212,938 86,934 55,434 132,675 213,714 38 1,107,657 
  Special mention540 12,051 533 9,723 4,722 6,336 16,236 8,614 50,141 
  Substandard78 6,441 5,104 5,617 1,602 6,278 1,889 779 27,009 
  Doubtful— — — — — 179 — — 179 
     Total226,512 198,560 218,575 102,274 61,758 145,468 231,839 9,431 1,184,986 
Current period gross charge-offs— 36 202 25 173 415 851 
Premium finance
  Pass201,659 1,517 1 — — — — — 203,177 
Total201,659 1,517 1 — — — — — 203,177 
Current period gross charge-offs25 97 — — — — 122 

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Term Loans at Amortized Cost by Origination Year
(Dollars in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term
Total
Loans
Leases
Pass216,559 114,327 51,307 14,061 4,883 1,501 — — 402,638 
Special mention363 1,529 476 81 1 5 — — 2,455 
Substandard1,937 3,006 2,944 448 321 311 — — 8,967 
Total218,859 118,862 54,727 14,590 5,205 1,817 — — 414,060 
Current period gross charge-offs963 1,328 1,173 233 165 135 3,997 
Residential real estate
  Pass75,957 91,506 140,157 58,144 45,507 369,552 — — 780,823 
  Substandard43 243 585 182 529 8,604 — — 10,186 
   Loss— — — — — 86 — — 86 
     Total76,000 91,749 140,742 58,326 46,036 378,242 — — 791,095 
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — 170 170 
Home equity lines of credit
  Pass39,706 42,565 33,406 19,838 14,297 57,482 27 1,346 207,321 
  Substandard19 — 61 34 123 1,109 — — 1,346 
   Loss— — — — — 8 — — 8 
     Total39,725 42,565 33,467 19,872 14,420 58,599 27 1,346 208,675 
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — 110 110 
Consumer, indirect
  Pass247,829 225,225 96,698 59,044 18,644 15,977 — — 663,417 
  Substandard333 934 789 558 190 206 — — 3,010 
   Loss7 34 2 — 2 — — — 45 
     Total248,169 226,193 97,489 59,602 18,836 16,183 — — 666,472 
Current period gross charge-offs609 2,091 865 255 63 147 4,030 
Consumer, direct
  Pass58,445 37,050 17,434 8,282 3,185 4,081 — — 128,477 
  Substandard55 79 47 28 30 27 — — 266 
   Loss— — — — — 26 — — 26 
     Total58,500 37,129 17,481 8,310 3,215 4,134 — — 128,769 
Current period gross charge-offs36 154 77 100 14 35 416 
Deposit account overdrafts986 — — — — — — — 986 
Current period gross charge-offs1,161 1,161 
Total loans, at amortized cost1,352,734 1,206,325 1,025,875 536,750 430,610 1,336,994 269,908 11,007 6,159,196 
Current period gross charge-offs$2,794 $3,706 $2,326 $652 $415 $1,587 $11,480 


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Collateral Dependent Loans
Peoples has certain loans for which repayment is dependent upon the operation or sale of collateral, as the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The underlying collateral can vary based upon the type of loan. The following provides more detail about the types of collateral that secure collateral dependent loans:
•Construction loans are typically secured by owner occupied commercial real estate or non-owner occupied investment real estate. Typically, owner occupied construction loans are secured by office buildings, warehouses, manufacturing facilities, and other commercial and industrial properties that are in process of construction. Non-owner occupied commercial construction loans are generally secured by multi-family complexes, warehouse buildings, industrial buildings, land under development, and other commercial real estate in process of construction.
•Commercial real estate loans can be secured by either owner occupied commercial real estate or non-owner occupied investment commercial real estate. Typically, owner occupied commercial real estate loans are secured by office buildings, warehouses, manufacturing facilities, and other commercial and industrial properties occupied by operating companies. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans are generally secured by multifamily complexes, retail facilities, office buildings and complexes, warehouses, industrial buildings, land under development, as well as other commercial real estate.
•Commercial and industrial loans are generally secured by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, and other commercial property.
•Residential real estate loans are typically secured by first mortgages, and in some cases could be secured by a second mortgage, on residential real estate property.
•Home equity lines of credit are generally secured by second mortgages on residential real estate property.
•Consumer loans are generally secured by automobiles, motorcycles, recreational vehicles and other personal property. Some consumer loans are unsecured and have no underlying collateral.
•Leases are most often secured by commercial equipment and other essential business assets.
•Premium finance loans are secured by the unearned portion of the insurance premium being financed.
The following table details Peoples' amortized cost of collateral dependent loans:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Commercial real estate, other$1,923 $— 
Premium finance4,034 — 
Leases3,805 — 
Commercial and industrial1,186 — 
Residential real estate— 501 
Total collateral dependent loans$10,948 $501 
The increase in collateral dependent loans at September 30, 2024, compared to December 31, 2023, was primarily due to the addition of fourteen leases associated with five customer relationships and seven premium finance loans during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
As part of Peoples' loss mitigation activities, Peoples may agree to modify the contractual terms of a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. The most common modifications to the contractual terms of a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty include an extension of the maturity date, a reduction in the interest rate for the remaining life of the loan, a temporary period of interest-only payments, and a reduction in the contractual payment amount for either a short period or the remaining term of the loan.
In addition to loan modifications, Peoples also provides other loss mitigation options, such as forbearance and repayment plans, to assist borrowers who experience financial difficulties. In assessing whether or not a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, Peoples considers information currently available regarding the financial condition of the borrower. This information includes, but is not limited to, whether (1) the borrower is currently in payment default on any of the borrower's debt; (2) a payment default is probable in the foreseeable future without the modification; (3) the borrower has declared or is in the process of declaring bankruptcy; and (4) the borrower's projected cash flow is insufficient to satisfy contractual payments due under the original terms of the loan without a modification.
The following tables display the amortized cost of loans that were restructured during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, presented by loan classification.

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Payment Delay (Only)
(Dollars in thousands)Payment DeferralTerm ExtensionTotal
Percentage of Total by Loan Category(a)(b)(c)
During the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial real estate$— $561 $561 0.03 %
Commercial and industrial— 9,057 9,057 0.72 %
Leasing14 637 651 0.15 %
Residential real estate— 17 17 — %
Consumer, indirect14 1 15 — %
Total$28 $10,273 $10,301 0.16 %
During the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate— 901 901 0.04 %
Commercial and industrial— 2,352 2,352 0.21 %
Residential real estate— 25 25 — %
Home equity lines of credit— 52 52 0.03 %
Total$— $3,330 $3,330 0.05 %
(a) Based on the amortized cost basis as of period end, divided by the period end amortized cost basis of the corresponding class of financing receivable.
(b) The table presented above excludes loans that were paid off or otherwise no longer included in the loan portfolio as of period end.
(c) Each with --% not meaningful
Payment Delay (Only)
(Dollars in thousands)Forbearance PlanPayment DeferralTerm ExtensionForbearance Plan and Term ExtensionTotal
Percentage of Total by Loan Category(a)(b)(c)
During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial real estate$— $— $1,122 $— $1,122 0.05 %
Commercial and industrial— — 19,148 — 19,148 1.53 %
Leasing— 214 637 — 851 0.20 %
Residential real estate— — 90 — 90 0.01 %
Home equity lines of credit— — 64 — 64 0.03 %
Consumer, indirect— 14 8 — 22 — %
Total$— $228 $21,069 $— $21,297 0.34 %
During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Construction$— $1,598 $— $— $1,598 0.43 %
Commercial real estate189 — 1,089 — 1,278 0.06 %
Commercial and industrial— — 5,130 293 5,423 0.48 %
Residential real estate— — 243 — 243 0.03 %
Home equity lines of credit— — 203 — 203 0.10 %
Total$189 $1,598 $6,665 $293 $8,745 0.14 %
(a) Based on the amortized cost basis as of period end, divided by the period end amortized cost basis of the corresponding class of financing receivable.
(b) The table presented above excludes loans that were paid off or otherwise no longer included in the loan portfolio as of period end.
(c) Each with --% not meaningful

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The following tables summarize the financial impacts of loan modifications and payment deferrals made to loans during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, presented by loan classification.
Weighted-Average Term Extension
(in months)
Average Amount Capitalized as a Result of a Payment Delay(a)
During the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial real estate6$— 
Commercial and industrial7— 
Leasing12— 
Residential real estate1— 
Consumer, indirect13— 
During the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate4— 
Commercial and industrial4— 
Residential real estate240— 
Home equity lines of credit217— 
(a) Represents the average amount of delinquency-related amounts that were capitalized as part of the loan balance. Amounts are in whole dollars.

Weighted-Average Term Extension
(in months)
Average Amount Capitalized as a Result of a Payment Delay(a)
During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial real estate6$— 
Commercial and industrial7— 
Leasing12— 
Residential real estate1— 
Home equity lines of credit120— 
Consumer, indirect3— 
During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate6— 
Commercial and industrial5— 
Residential real estate2138,072 
Home equity lines of credit189— 
Consumer, indirect2— 
(a) Represents the average amount of delinquency-related amounts that were capitalized as part of the loan balance. Amounts are in whole dollars.
The following tables display the amortized cost of loans that received a completed modification or payment deferral within the previous 12 months and that had a payment default in the periods presented. For purposes of this disclosure, Peoples defines loans that had a payment default as loans that were 90 days or more past due following a modification.


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Payment Delay as a Result of a Payment Deferral (Only)(a)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Leasing26 
Total loans that subsequently defaulted$26 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial real estate193 
Commercial and industrial28 
Leasing26 
Residential real estate73 
Total loans that subsequently defaulted$320 
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023(b)
Commercial and industrial245 
Total loans that subsequently defaulted$245 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023(b)
Commercial and industrial245 
Consumer, indirect11 
Total loans that subsequently defaulted$256 
(a) Represents the sum of amortized cost and gross charge-off as of period end. Excludes loans that liquidated either through foreclosure, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, or a short sale.
(b) Accounting standard was implemented as of January 1, 2023, thus information above reflects loan modifications made on or after that date.

The following table displays an aging analysis of loans that were modified during the 12 months prior to September 30, 2024, presented by classification and class of financing receivable.
As of September 30, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)30-59 Days Delinquent60-89 Days Delinquent90+ Days DelinquentTotal DelinquentCurrentTotal
Commercial real estate— — 193 193 2,311 2,504 
Commercial and industrial50 — 28 78 11,363 11,441 
Leasing— — 26 26 174 200 
Residential real estate— — 34 34 63 97 
Home equity lines of credit— — — — 120 120 
Consumer, indirect— — — — 7 7 
Total loans modified(a)
$50 $— $281 $331 $14,038 $14,369 
(a) Represents the amortized cost basis as of period end.
The following table displays an aging analysis of loans that were modified on or after January 1, 2023, the date Peoples adopted ASU 2022-02, through September 30, 2023, presented by classification and class of financing receivable.

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As of September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)30-59 Days Delinquent60-89 Days Delinquent90+ Days DelinquentTotal DelinquentCurrentTotal
Construction$— $— $— $— $1,598 $1,598 
Commercial real estate— 76 — 76 1,203 1,279 
Commercial and industrial— 276 2,042 2,318 3,105 5,423 
Residential real estate— — — — 242 242 
Home equity lines of credit— — — — 203 203 
Total loans modified(a)
$— $352 $2,042 $2,394 $6,351 $8,745 
(a) Represents the amortized cost basis as of period end.

Allowance for Credit Losses
As discussed in "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K, Peoples estimates the allowance for credit losses using relevant available information, from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In management's estimation of expected credit losses, Peoples uses a one-year reasonable and supportable period across all segments. Following the reasonable and supportable period, Peoples reverts the macroeconomic variables to their long run average over a four-quarter reversion period.
Changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 are summarized below:
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning Balance, June 30, 2024
Initial Allowance for Acquired PCD Assets(Recovery of) Provision for Credit Losses (a)Charge-offsRecoveries
Ending Balance, September 30, 2024
Construction$673 $— $181 $— $— $854 
Commercial real estate, other19,852 — (2,713)— 100 17,239 
Commercial and industrial10,943 — 907 (259)1 11,592 
Premium finance763 — (19)(37)4 711 
Leases15,218 — 5,449 (3,753)56 16,970 
Residential real estate5,939 — 61 — 58 6,058 
Home equity lines of credit1,737 — 69 (2)— 1,804 
Consumer, indirect8,654 — 1,904 (1,820)186 8,924 
Consumer, direct2,332 — 181 (162)19 2,370 
Deposit account overdrafts136 — 456 (558)83 117 
Total$66,247 $— $6,476 $(6,591)$507 $66,639 
(a)Amount does not include the provision for the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments.

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(Dollars in thousands)Beginning Balance, June 30, 2023Initial Allowance for Acquired PCD AssetsProvision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses (a)Charge-offsRecoveries
Ending Balance, September 30, 2023
Construction$1,496 $— $(255)$— $— $1,241 
Commercial real estate, other19,731 138 1,569 (278)97 21,257 
Commercial and industrial11,028 3 (630)(199)3 10,205 
Premium finance431 — 66 (33)12 476 
Leases10,377 — 2,052 (905)168 11,692 
Residential real estate6,112 6 156 (50)27 6,251 
Home equity lines of credit1,676 5 (9)(32)— 1,640 
Consumer, indirect7,610 — 683 (926)149 7,516 
Consumer, direct2,642 1 (43)(92)11 2,519 
Deposit account overdrafts108 — 289 (319)49 127 
Total$61,211 $153 $3,878 $(2,834)$516 $62,924 
(a)Amount does not include the provision for the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments.
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning Balance, December 31, 2023
Initial Allowance for Acquired PCD AssetsProvision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses (a)Charge-offsRecoveries
Ending Balance, September 30, 2024
Construction$699 $— $155 $— $— $854 
Commercial real estate, other20,915 — (3,567)(212)103 17,239 
Commercial and industrial10,490 — 1,634 (550)18 11,592 
Premium finance484 — 357 (146)16 711 
Leases10,850 — 13,079 (7,400)441 16,970 
Residential real estate5,937 — 56 (144)209 6,058 
Home equity lines of credit1,588 — 220 (11)7 1,804 
Consumer, indirect8,590 — 4,808 (4,848)374 8,924 
Consumer, direct2,343 — 513 (529)43 2,370 
Deposit account overdrafts115 — 1,010 (1,232)224 117 
Total$62,011 $— $18,265 $(15,072)$1,435 $66,639 
(a)Amount does not include the provision for the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments.


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(Dollars in thousands)Beginning Balance,
December 31, 2022		Initial Allowance for Acquired PCD AssetsProvision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses (a)Charge-offsRecoveries
Ending Balance, September 30, 2023
Construction$1,250 $— $— $(9)$— $1,241 
Commercial real estate, other17,710 418 3,307 (318)140 21,257 
Commercial and industrial8,229 379 1,354 (211)454 10,205 
Premium finance344 — 187 (79)24 476 
Leases8,495 — 4,838 (1,978)337 11,692 
Residential real estate6,357 260 (341)(150)125 6,251 
Home equity lines of credit1,693 18 35 (106)— 1,640 
Consumer, indirect7,448 — 2,507 (2,796)357 7,516 
Consumer, direct1,575 86 1,071 (274)61 2,519 
Deposit account overdrafts61 — 701 (809)174 127 
Total$53,162 $1,161 $13,659 $(6,730)$1,672 $62,924 
(a)Amount does not include the provision for the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments.
During the third quarter of 2024, Peoples recorded a total provision for credit losses of $6.5 million, which was a result of higher net charge-offs. Net charge-offs for the third quarter of 2024 were $6.1 million, primarily driven by an increase in charge-offs on leases originated by our North Star Leasing division, partially offset by recoveries of other commercial real estate loans.The increase in the allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2024 when compared to at June 30, 2024 and at December 31, 2023 was primarily due to an increase on reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases.
During the third quarter of 2023, Peoples recorded a provision for credit losses of $3.9 million, which was driven by (i) loan growth, (ii) an increase in net charge-offs, (iii) updates to our prepayment, curtailment, and funding rates, and (iv) a deterioration in macro-economic conditions used within the CECL mode, partially offset by the release of reserves on individually analyzed loans. The allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2023 also included an allowance for loans that were not considered purchased credit deteriorated acquired in the Limestone merger.
The provision for credit losses during the first nine months of 2024 was $18.3 million, compared to a provision for credit losses of $13.7 million for the first nine months of 2023. The provision for credit losses during the first nine months of 2024 was mainly a result of (i) higher net charge-offs, (ii) an increase in reserves on individually analyzed loans and leases, (iii) economic forecast deterioration and (iv) loan growth. The provision for credit losses during the first nine months of 2023 was driven by (i) the addition of the provision for the non-purchased credit deteriorated loans acquired in the Limestone Merger, (ii) loan growth and (iii) economic forecast deterioration, partially offset by a reduction in the reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases and the use of updated loss drivers.
Peoples had recorded an allowance for unfunded commitments of $2.0 million and $1.8 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The allowance for unfunded commitments (also referred to as "unfunded commitment liability") is presented in the “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” line of the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in the allowance for unfunded commitments is also reflected in the "Provision for (recovery of) credit losses" line of the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.






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Note 5 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The following table details changes in the recorded amount of goodwill:
For the Nine Months EndedFor the Year Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Goodwill, beginning of period$362,169 $292,397 
Goodwill recorded from acquisitions245 69,772 
Goodwill, end of period$362,414 $362,169 
As of the close of business on April 30, 2023, Peoples completed its acquisition of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. ("Limestone") pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 24, 2022, at which point Limestone merged with and into Peoples, and immediately thereafter, Limestone Bank, Inc., the subsidiary bank of Limestone, merged with and into Peoples Bank (collectively, the “Limestone Merger”). Peoples recorded $68.8 million of Goodwill related to the Limestone Merger.

Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets were comprised of the following at September 30, 2024, and at December 31, 2023:
(Dollars in thousands)Core DepositsCustomer RelationshipsIndefinite-Lived Trade NamesTotal
September 30, 2024
Gross intangibles$54,186 $37,920 $2,491 $94,597 
Intangibles recorded from acquisitions— — — — 
Accumulated amortization(30,078)(24,454)— (54,532)
Total acquisition-related intangibles$24,108 $13,466 $2,491 $40,065 
Servicing rights1,251 
Non-compete agreements192 
Total other intangibles$41,508 
December 31, 2023
Gross intangibles$26,464 $37,920 $2,491 $66,875 
Intangibles recorded from acquisitions27,722 — — 27,722 
Accumulated amortization(25,670)(20,680)— (46,350)
Total acquisition-related intangibles$28,516 $17,240 $2,491 $48,247 
Servicing rights1,385 
Non-compete agreements371 
Total other intangibles$50,003 



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The following table details estimated aggregate future amortization of other intangible assets at September 30, 2024:
(Dollars in thousands)Core DepositsCustomer RelationshipsNon-Compete AgreementsTotal
Remaining three months of 2024$1,466 $1,254 $64 $2,784 
20254,609 4,038 112 $8,759 
20263,736 2,954 16 $6,706 
20273,043 2,112 — $5,155 
20282,608 1,392 — $4,000 
Thereafter8,646 1,716 — $10,362 
Total$24,108 $13,466 $192 $37,766 
The weighted average amortization period of other intangible assets is 8.5 years.
Note 6 Deposits
Peoples’ deposit balances were comprised of the following:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Retail certificates of deposits ("CDs"):  
$100 or more$1,069,312 $815,300 
Less than $100814,827 628,117 
Total Retail CDs1,884,139 1,443,417 
Interest-bearing deposit accounts1,065,912 1,144,357 
Savings accounts864,935 919,244 
Money market deposit accounts894,690 775,488 
Governmental deposit accounts824,136 726,713 
Brokered CDs495,904 575,429 
Total interest-bearing deposits6,029,716 5,584,648 
Non-interest-bearing deposits$1,453,441 1,567,649 
Total deposits$7,483,157 $7,152,297 
Uninsured deposits were $2.0 billion at September 30, 2024 and at December 31, 2023. Uninsured deposit amounts are estimated based on the portion of the respective customer account balances that exceeded the FDIC limit of $250,000. Peoples pledges investment securities against certain governmental deposit accounts, which covered over $714.1 million and $788.7 million of the uninsured deposit balances at September 30, 2024 and December 31,2023, respectively.
Uninsured time deposits are broken out below by time remaining until maturity.
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
3 months or less$167,259 $58,708 
Over 3 to 6 months158,541 99,928 
Over 6 to 12 months82,378 131,263 
Over 12 months15,910 37,180 
Total$424,088 $327,079 
    


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The contractual maturities of CDs for each of the next five years, including the remainder of 2024, and thereafter are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)RetailBrokeredTotal
Remaining three months ending December 31, 2024$682,696 $484,406 $1,167,102 
Year ending December 31, 20251,144,366 10,298 1,154,664 
Year ending December 31, 202622,456 227 22,683 
Year ending December 31, 202723,719 973 24,692 
Year ending December 31, 20286,862 — 6,862 
Thereafter4,040 — 4,040 
Total CDs$1,884,139 $495,904 $2,380,043 
At September 30, 2024, Peoples had nine effective interest rate swaps, with an aggregate notional value of $85.0 million, all of which were funded by brokered CDs. Brokered CDs used to fund interest rate swaps are expected to be extended every 90 days through the maturity dates of the swaps. Additional information regarding Peoples' interest rate swaps can be found in "Note 10 Derivative Financial Instruments."
Note 7 Stockholders’ Equity
The following table details the progression in Peoples’ common shares and treasury stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
 Common SharesTreasury
Stock
Shares at December 31, 202336,736,041 1,511,348 
Changes related to stock-based compensation awards:  
Release of restricted common shares— 29,921 
Cancellation of restricted common shares— 25,223 
Grant of restricted common shares— (296,970)
Grant of unrestricted common shares— (1,200)
Purchase of treasury stock— 12,004 
Disbursed out of treasury stock— (12,833)
Common shares repurchased under share repurchase program— 100,905 
Common shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan36,418 — 
Common shares issued under compensation plan for Boards of Directors
— (12,580)
Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan
— (32,743)
Shares at September 30, 202436,772,459 1,323,075 
On January 28, 2021, Peoples' Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing Peoples to purchase up to an aggregate of $30.0 million of Peoples' outstanding common shares. As of September 30, 2024, Peoples had repurchased an aggregate of 471,307 common shares totaling $13.4 million under the share repurchase program. There were 100,905 common shares totaling $3.0 million repurchased during the first nine months of 2024, none of which were purchases in the third quarter of 2024.
Under Peoples' Amended Articles of Incorporation, Peoples is authorized to issue up to 50,000 preferred shares, in one or more series, having such voting powers, designations, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions as designated by Peoples' Board of Directors. At September 30, 2024, Peoples had no preferred shares issued or outstanding.
On October 21, 2024, Peoples' Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.40 per common share, payable on November 18, 2024, to shareholders of record on November 4, 2024. The following table details the cash dividends declared per common share during the four quarters of 2024 and the comparable periods of 2023:
20242023
First quarter$0.39 $0.38 
Second quarter0.40 0.39 
Third quarter0.40 0.39 
Fourth quarter0.40 0.39 
Total dividends declared$1.59 $1.55 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
The following table details the change in the components of Peoples’ accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income during the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
(Dollars in thousands)Unrealized (Loss) Gain on SecuritiesUnrealized Gain on Cash Flow HedgesAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Balance, December 31, 2023$(104,222)$2,632 $(101,590)
Reclassification adjustments to net income:
  Realized loss on securities, net of tax328 — 328 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of reclassifications and tax
20,211 (1,445)18,766 
Balance, September 30, 2024$(83,683)$1,187 $(82,496)
Note 8 Employee Benefit Plans
Peoples sponsored a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan that covered substantially all employees hired before January 1, 2010. The plan provided retirement benefits based on an employee’s years of service and compensation. For employees hired before January 1, 2003, the amount of post-retirement benefit was based on the employee’s average monthly compensation over the highest five consecutive years out of the employee’s last 10 years with Peoples while an eligible employee. For employees hired on or after January 1, 2003, the amount of post-retirement benefit was based on 2% of the employee’s annual compensation during the years 2003 through 2009, plus accrued interest. During the third quarter of 2023, Peoples terminated its pension plan by settling the remaining benefit obligation of $7.7 million. The pension plan had been closed to new entrants since January 1, 2010. Peoples recorded a settlement charge of $2.4 million in the third quarter of 2023 in relation to the termination of the pension plan. Peoples does not anticipate further expenses related to the termination.
Retirement Savings Plan
Peoples also maintains a retirement savings plan, or 401(k) plan, which covers substantially all employees. The plan provides participants with the opportunity to save for retirement on a tax-deferred basis. Since January 1, 2021, Peoples matches 100% of participants’ contributions up to 6% of the participants’ compensation. Matching contributions made by Peoples totaled $4.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and $4.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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Note 9 Earnings Per Common Share
The calculations of basic and diluted earnings per common share were as follows:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per common share data)2024202320242023
Net income available to common shareholders$31,684 $31,882 $90,275 $79,538 
Less: Dividends paid on unvested common shares216 143 576 388 
Less: Undistributed income allocated to unvested common shares63 79 183 190 
Net earnings allocated to common shareholders$31,405 $31,660 $89,516 $78,960 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding34,793,704 34,818,346 34,766,281 31,771,061 
Effect of potentially dilutive common shares405,679 243,551 340,431 206,425 
Total weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding35,199,383 35,061,897 35,106,712 31,977,486 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$0.90 $0.91 $2.57 $2.49 
Diluted$0.89 $0.90 $2.55 $2.47 
Anti-dilutive common shares excluded from calculation:
Restricted common shares 5,393 3,046 5,393 10,547 
Note 10 Derivative Financial Instruments
Peoples utilizes interest rate swap agreements as part of its asset/liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position. The notional amount of the interest rate swaps does not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and the other terms of the individual interest rate swap agreements. The fair value of derivative financial instruments is included in the "Other assets" and the "Accrued expenses and other liabilities" lines in the accompanying Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, while cash activity related to these derivative financial instruments is included in the activity in "Net cash provided by operating activities" in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Risk Management Objective of Using Derivative Financial Instruments
Peoples is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. Peoples principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. Peoples manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources and duration of its assets and liabilities. Peoples also manages interest rate risk through the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, Peoples enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known or expected cash amounts, the values of which are determined by interest rates. Peoples’ derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing and duration of Peoples' known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain variable rate borrowings. Peoples also has interest rate derivative financial instruments that result from a service provided to certain qualifying customers and, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in Peoples' assets or liabilities. Peoples manages a matched book with respect to customer-related derivative financial instruments in order to minimize its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions.
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
Peoples' objectives in using interest rate derivative financial instruments are to add stability to interest income and expense, and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, Peoples has entered into interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges and involve the receipt of variable rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for Peoples making fixed payments. At September 30, 2024, Peoples had entered into 9 interest rate swap contracts with an aggregate notional value of $85.0 million. Peoples will pay a fixed rate of interest for up to four years while receiving a floating rate component of interest equal to term SOFR. The interest received on the floating rate component is intended to offset the interest paid on rolling three-month brokered CDs, which will continue to be rolled through the life of the interest rate swaps. At both September 30, 2024 and at December 31, 2023, the interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges of $85.0 million and $105.0 million, respectively, in brokered CDs, which are expected to be extended every 90 days through the maturity dates of the interest rate swaps.

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For derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the effective and ineffective portions of changes in the fair value of each derivative financial instrument is reported in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income ("AOCI") (outside of earnings), net of tax, and are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made or received on Peoples' variable-rate liabilities. Peoples assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the hedging derivative financial instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged transaction. The reset dates and the payment dates on the brokered CDs are matched to the reset dates and payment dates on the receipt of the term SOFR rate (or the three-month LIBOR floating portion prior to June 30, 2023) of the swaps to ensure effectiveness of the cash flow hedge. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, Peoples recorded reclassifications of losses to earnings of $2.4 million and $2.3 million, respectively. During the next 12 months, Peoples estimates that $1.4 million of AOCI will be reclassified as an addition to interest expense.
The following table summarizes information about the interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Notional amount$85,000 $105,000 
Weighted average pay rates2.34 %2.22 %
Weighted average receive rates4.27 %4.63 %
Weighted average maturity1.6 years2.0 years
Pre-tax changes in fair value included in AOCI$1,550 $3,434 
The following table presents changes in fair value recorded in AOCI and in the Consolidated Statements of Operations related to the cash flow hedges:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2024202320242023
Amount of losses (gains) recorded in AOCI, pre-tax$1,698 $(118)$1,885 $165 
The following table reflects the cash flow hedges, which are included in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value:
September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
(Dollars in thousands)Notional AmountFair ValueNotional AmountFair Value
Included in "Other assets":
Interest rate swaps related to debt$85,000 $1,448 $105,000 $3,314 


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Non-Designated Hedges
Peoples Bank maintains an interest rate protection program for commercial loan customers, which was established in 2010. Under this program, Peoples Bank originates variable rate loans with interest rate swaps, where the customer enters into an interest rate swap with Peoples Bank on terms that match the terms of the loan. By entering into the interest rate swap with the customer, Peoples Bank effectively provides the customer with a fixed rate loan while creating a variable rate asset for Peoples Bank. Peoples Bank offsets its exposure in the interest rate swap by entering into an offsetting interest rate swap with an unaffiliated institution. These interest rate swaps do not qualify as designated hedges; therefore, each interest rate swap is accounted for as a standalone derivative financial instrument. These interest rate swaps did not have a material impact on Peoples' results of operations or financial condition at or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and at or for the year ended December 31, 2023.
The following table reflects the non-designated hedges, which are included in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value:
September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
(Dollars in thousands)Notional AmountFair ValueNotional AmountFair Value
Included in "Other assets":
Interest rate swaps related to commercial loans$398,473 $12,236 $416,106 $18,990 
Included in "Accrued expenses and other liabilities":
Interest rate swaps related to commercial loans$398,473 $12,354 $416,106 $19,122 
Pledged Collateral
Peoples Bank pledges or receives collateral for all interest rate swaps. When the fair value of Peoples Bank interest rate swaps is in a net liability position, Peoples Bank must pledge collateral, and, when the fair value of Peoples Bank interest rate swaps is in a net asset position, the respective counterparties must pledge collateral. At September 30, 2024 and at December 31, 2023, Peoples Bank had no cash pledged, while counterparties had $6.6 million of cash pledged at September 30, 2024 and $12.8 million of cash pledged at December 31, 2023. Peoples Bank had no pledged investment securities at September 30, 2024 or at December 31, 2023, while the counterparties had pledged investment securities in the amounts of $2.0 million at September 30, 2024 and $2.2 million at December 31, 2023.
Note 11 Stock-Based Compensation
Under the Peoples Bancorp Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Plan (the "2006 Equity Plan"), Peoples may grant, among other awards, nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted common share awards, stock appreciation rights, performance units and unrestricted common share awards to employees and non-employee directors. The total number of common shares available under the 2006 Equity Plan is 1,493,297. The maximum number of common shares that can be issued for incentive stock options is 750,000. Since February 2009, Peoples has granted restricted common shares to employees, and periodically to non-employee directors, subject to the terms and conditions prescribed by the 2006 Equity Plan. In general, common shares issued in connection with stock-based awards are issued from treasury shares to the extent available. If no treasury shares are available, common shares are issued from authorized but unissued common shares.
Restricted Common Shares
 Under the 2006 Equity Plan, Peoples may award restricted common shares to officers, key employees and non-employee directors. In general, the restrictions on the restricted common shares awarded to officers and key employees expire after periods ranging from one to five years. Since 2018, common shares awarded to non-employee directors have vested immediately upon grant with no restrictions. In the first nine months of 2024, Peoples granted an aggregate of 283,712 restricted common shares subject to performance-based vesting to officers and key employees with restrictions that will lapse three years after the grant date; provided that in order for the restricted common shares to vest in full, Peoples must have reported positive net income and maintained a well-capitalized status by regulatory standards for each of the three fiscal years preceding the vesting date.
The following table summarizes the changes to Peoples’ restricted common shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

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Time-Based VestingPerformance-Based Vesting
 Number of Common SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of Common SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024142,419 $28.78 403,970 $31.21 
Awarded21,258 29.76 283,712 27.92 
Released(19,526)31.65 (72,550)31.48 
Forfeited(9,779)29.65 (23,444)29.51 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024
134,372 $28.46 591,688 $29.67 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the intrinsic value for restricted common shares released was $2.6 million compared to $3.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Stock-Based Compensation
Peoples recognizes stock-based compensation, which is included as a component of Peoples’ salaries and employee benefit costs, for restricted and unrestricted common shares, as well as purchases made by participants in the employee stock purchase plan. For restricted common shares, Peoples recognizes stock-based compensation based on the estimated fair value of the awards expected to vest on the grant date. The estimated fair value is then expensed over the vesting period, which is normally three years. Peoples also has an employee stock purchase plan whereby employees can purchase Peoples' common shares at a discount of 15%. The following table summarizes the amount of stock-based compensation expense and related tax benefit recognized for each period:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2024202320242023
Employee stock-based compensation expense:
Stock grant expense$1,335 $1,074 $5,638 $4,233 
Employee stock purchase plan expense(24)33 115 106 
Total employee stock-based compensation expense1,311 1,107 $5,753 $4,339 
Non-employee director stock-based compensation expense115 139 $376 $410 
Total stock-based compensation expense1,426 1,246 $6,129 $4,749 
Recognized tax benefit(332)(291)(1,428)(1,109)
Net stock-based compensation expense$1,094 $955 $4,701 $3,640 
The fair value of restricted common share awards on the grant date is the market price of Peoples' common shares on that date. Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted common share awards was $7.2 million at September 30, 2024, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years.


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Note 12 Revenue
The following table details Peoples' revenue from contracts with customers:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2024202320242023
Insurance income:
Commission and fees from sale of insurance policies (a)$4,271 $4,210 $12,660 $12,077 
Performance-based commissions (b)— 40 2,218 1,602 
Trust and investment income:
Fiduciary income (a)2,838 2,506 8,605 7,710 
Brokerage income (a)2,044 1,782 5,875 5,076 
Electronic banking income:
Interchange income (a)4,981 5,124 14,864 14,341 
Promotional and usage income (a)1,378 1,342 4,011 4,034 
Deposit account service charges:
Ongoing maintenance fees for deposit accounts (a)1,741 1,577 5,175 4,661 
Transaction-based fees (b)2,779 2,939 7,907 7,531 
Commercial loan swap fees (b)163 475 274 593 
Other non-interest income transaction-based fees (b)243 391 1,336 1,199 
Total revenue from contracts with customers$20,438 $20,386 $62,925 $58,824 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Services transferred over time$17,253 $16,541 $51,190 $47,899 
Services transferred at a point in time3,185 3,845 11,735 10,925 
Total revenue from contracts with customers$20,438 $20,386 $62,925 $58,824 
(a) Services transferred over time.
(b) Services transferred at a point in time.
Peoples records contract assets for income that has been recognized over a period of time for fulfillment of performance obligations, but has not yet been received related to electronic banking income and certain insurance income. This income typically relates to bonuses for which Peoples is eligible, but will not receive until a certain time in the future. Peoples records contract liabilities for payments received for commission income related to the sale of insurance policies, for which the performance obligations have not yet been fulfilled. The contract liabilities are recognized as income over time, during the period in which the performance obligations are fulfilled, which is over the insurance policy period. Peoples also records contract liabilities for bonuses received related to electronic banking income, for which the performance obligations have not yet been fulfilled. The contract liabilities are recognized as income over time, during the period in which the performance obligations are fulfilled related to electronic banking income.
The following table details the changes in Peoples' contract assets and contract liabilities for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024:
 Contract AssetsContract Liabilities
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, January 1, 2024$753 $5,776 
     Additional income receivable132 — 
     Additional deferred income— — 
     Receipt of income previously receivable(40)— 
     Recognition of income previously deferred— (241)
Balance, September 30, 2024$845 $5,535 


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Note 13 Acquisitions
Limestone Bancorp, Inc.
As of the close of business on April 30, 2023, Peoples completed the Limestone Merger. In connection with the Limestone Merger, Limestone Bank, Inc., which operated 20 branches in Kentucky, merged into Peoples Bank. As consideration in the Limestone Merger, Limestone shareholders were paid 0.90 common shares of Peoples for each full share of Limestone that was owned at the merger date, resulting in the issuance of 6,827,668 common shares by Peoples, or aggregate consideration of $177.9 million. Peoples accounted for this transaction as a business combination under the acquisition method.

Peoples recorded $(0.7) million in other non-interest expenses related to the Limestone Merger for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. For the third quarter of 2023, Peoples had $4.4 million of acquisition-related non-interest expense which consisted of $2.1 million in other non-interest expense, $1.3 million in data processing and software expense, $0.6 million in salaries and employee benefit costs, and $0.4 million in professional fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Peoples had $15.7 million of acquisition-related non-interest expense which consisted of $5.7 million in salaries and employee benefit costs, $5.5 million in professional fees, $3.0 million in other non-interest expense, $1.3 million in data processing and software expense, and $0.2 million in various other non-interest expense line items.

The following table provides the purchase price calculation as of the date of the Limestone Merger, and the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values.
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value
Total purchase price$177,931 
Assets
Cash and balances due from banks6,422 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks87,115 
Total cash and cash equivalents93,537 
Available-for-sale investment securities, at fair value166,944 
Other investment securities5,716 
Total investment securities172,660 
Loans1,077,929 
Allowance for credit losses (on PCD loans)(2,051)
Net loans1,075,878 
Bank premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation17,690 
Bank owned life insurance31,343 
Other intangible assets27,722 
Other assets36,874 
    Total assets1,455,704 
Liabilities
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing262,727 
Interest-bearing971,457 
Total deposits1,234,184 
Short-term borrowings60,000 
Long-term borrowings39,453 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities12,967 
Total liabilities1,346,604 
Net assets109,100 
Goodwill$68,831 

The goodwill recorded in connection with the Limestone Merger is related to expected synergies to be gained from the combination of Limestone with Peoples' operations. The employees retained from the Limestone Merger and the geographic locations

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of Limestone should allow Peoples to continue to grow the loan and deposit portfolios while also increasing Peoples' ability to penetrate the new markets, which should benefit Peoples in future periods. During Peoples' evaluation of intangible assets, it was determined that an assembled workforce intangible asset was not separately recognizable and was included in goodwill. Peoples recorded a core deposit asset in other intangible assets related to the Limestone Merger.
Loans acquired by Peoples in a business combination that have evidence of more than insignificant credit deterioration, which includes loans as to which Peoples believes it is probable that Peoples will be unable to collect all contractually required payments, are considered "purchased credit deteriorated" (or "PCD") loans. Acquired PCD loans are reported net of the unamortized fair value adjustment. These loans are recorded at the purchase price, and an allowance for credit losses is determined based upon discrete credit marks, along with discounted cash flow models based upon similar pools of loans, using a similar methodology as for other loans. The following table details the fair value adjustment for acquired PCD loans as of the acquisition date:
(Dollars in thousands)Par ValueAllowance for Credit LossesNon-Credit (Discount) PremiumFair Value
PCD loans
Commercial real estate, other30,907 (1,340)(2,160)27,407 
Commercial and industrial16,466 (379)(610)15,477 
Residential real estate6,328 (228)(770)5,330 
Home equity lines of credit774 (18)11 767 
Consumer1,029 (86)78 1,021 
Fair value$55,504 $(2,051)$(3,451)$50,002 

Note 14 Leases
Peoples has elected certain practical expedients, in accordance with ASC 842 - Leases ("ASC 842"). As a lessor, Peoples has made an accounting policy election to exclude from the consideration in the contract, and from variable payments not included in the consideration in the contract, all sales and other similar taxes assessed. Peoples has also made an accounting policy election to account for each separate lease component of a contract and its associated non-lease components as a single lease component for all leases subject to ASC 842.
Lessor Arrangements
Leases originated by Peoples, that Peoples has the positive intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or to maturity or payoff, are reported at the net investment in the lease, net of initial direct costs, charge-offs and an allowance for credit losses. Peoples considers leases past due if any required principal or interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were required to be made under the terms of the lease agreement. Upon detection of the reduced ability of a lessee to meet cash flow obligations, a lease is typically charged down to the net realizable value, with the remaining balance placed on nonaccrual status. Leases deemed to be uncollectable are charged against the allowance for credit losses, while recoveries of previously charged-off amounts are credited to the allowance for credit losses.
Peoples originates sales-type leases through its North Star Leasing division, as these leases are typically structured as dollar buy-out, whereby the lessee pays one dollar at maturity of the lease to purchase the equipment, or as equipment finance agreements. These leases do not typically contain residual value guarantees; however, if a lease contains a residual value guarantee, Peoples reduces its residual asset risk by obtaining a security deposit from the lessee. Peoples also originates leases through its Vantage subsidiary, which are classified as either sales-type, direct financing leases, or operating leases based primarily on whether they include a dollar buy-out or a fair market value buy-out, respectively. As a lessor, Peoples originates commercial equipment leases either directly to the customer or indirectly through vendor programs. Equipment leases relate to information technology, restaurant, manufacturing, healthcare, and other equipment. Finance leases include an estimated residual value, which is assessed for impairment as part of the allowance for credit losses. Lease income noted in the table below includes (i) gains on the early termination of leases, (ii) fees received for referrals, (iii) gains and losses recognized on the sales of residual assets and (iv) syndication income. Additional information regarding Peoples' leases can be found in "Note 4 Loans and Leases."


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The table below details Peoples' lease income:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024September 30, 2023September 30, 2024September 30, 2023
Interest and fees on leases (a)$11,922 $11,508 $35,970 $31,426 
Lease income (loss)1,827 (66)4,179 2,730 
Other non-interest income (b)1,242 — 3,079 — 
Total lease income$14,991 $11,442 $43,228 $34,156 
(a)Included in "Interest and fees on loans and leases" in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations. For additional information, see "Note 4 Loans and Leases" of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
(b)Included in "Other non-interest income" is operating lease income.

The following table summarizes the net investment in leases, which is included in "Loans and leases, net of deferred fees and costs" on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Lease payments receivable, at amortized cost$484,926 $463,742 
Estimated residual values33,758 33,448 
Initial direct costs7,719 7,114 
Deferred revenue(93,394)(90,244)
Net investment in leases433,009 414,060 
Allowance for credit losses - leases(16,970)(10,850)
Net investment in leases, after allowance for credit losses$416,039 $403,210 
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of leases:
(Dollars in thousands)Balance
Remaining three months ending December 31, 2024$49,872 
Year ending December 31, 2025117,662 
Year ending December 31, 2026100,690 
Year ending December 31, 202794,030 
Year ending December 31, 202868,937 
Thereafter53,735 
Lease payments receivable, at amortized cost$484,926 
Lessee Arrangements
Peoples leases certain banking facilities and equipment under various agreements with original terms providing for fixed monthly payments over periods generally ranging from two to thirty years. Certain leases may include options to extend or terminate the lease. Only those renewal and termination options which Peoples is reasonably certain of exercising are included in the calculation of the lease liability. Certain leases contain rent escalation clauses calling for rent increases over the term of the lease, which are included in the calculation of the lease liability. At September 30, 2024, Peoples did not have any leases that met the criteria for finance leases. Right of Use ("ROU") assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement or the remeasurement date of a lease based on the present value of lease payments over the remaining lease term. Operating lease ROU assets include lease payments made at or before the commencement date and initial indirect costs. Operating lease ROU assets are presented net of any lease incentives. Short-term leases of certain facilities and equipment, with lease terms of 12 months or less, are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and do not have an ROU asset or lease liability.
The table below details Peoples' lease expense, which is included in "Net occupancy and equipment expense" in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations:

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 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024September 30, 2023September 30, 2024September 30, 2023
Operating lease expense$723 $474 $2,191 $2,262 
Short-term lease expense290 84 923 174 
Variable lease expense42 — 47 — 
Total lease expense$1,055 $558 $3,161 $2,436 
Peoples utilizes an incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments for each lease, as the lease agreements do not provide an implicit rate. The estimated incremental borrowing rate reflects a secured rate and is based on the term of the lease.
The following table details the ROU assets, the lease liabilities and other information related to Peoples' operating leases at the dates shown:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
ROU assets:
Other assets$10,629 $11,689 
Lease liabilities:
     Accrued expenses and other liabilities$11,185 $12,080 
Other information:
     Weighted-average remaining lease term9.1 years9.5 years
     Weighted-average discount rate4.10 %3.34 %
     Additions for ROU assets obtained during the year$1,130 $4,428 
During both the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, Peoples paid cash of $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for operating leases. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, Peoples paid cash of $2.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively, for operating leases.
The following table summarizes the maturity of remaining lease liabilities:
(Dollars in thousands)Balance
Remaining three months ending December 31, 2024$726 
Year ending December 31, 20252,315 
Year ending December 31, 20262,027 
Year ending December 31, 20271,816 
Year ending December 31, 20281,338 
Thereafter5,402 
Total undiscounted lease payments$13,624 
Imputed interest$(2,439)
Total lease liabilities$11,185 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) represents an overview of the results of operations and financial condition of Peoples at and for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto.
Certain statements in this Form 10-Q, which are not historical fact, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are identified by the fact they are not historical facts and include words such as "anticipate," "estimate," "may," "feel," "expect," "believe," "plan," "will," "will likely," "would," "should," "could," "project," "goal," "target," "potential," "seek," "intend," "continue," "remain," and similar expressions.
These forward-looking statements reflect management's current expectations based on all information available to management and its knowledge of Peoples' business and operations. Additionally, Peoples' financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:
(1)the effects of interest rate policies, changes in the interest rate environment due to economic conditions and/or the fiscal and monetary policy measures undertaken by the U.S. government and the Federal Reserve Board, including changes in the Federal Funds Target Rate, in response to such economic conditions, which may adversely impact interest rates, the interest rate yield curve, interest margins, loan demand and interest rate sensitivity;
(2)the effects of inflationary pressures on borrowers’ liquidity and ability to repay;
(3)the success, impact, and timing of the implementation of Peoples' business strategies and Peoples' ability to manage strategic initiatives, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board, the completion and successful integration of acquisitions, and the expansion of commercial and consumer lending activities;
(4)competitive pressures among financial institutions, or from non-financial institutions, which may increase significantly, including product and pricing pressures, which can in turn impact Peoples' credit spreads, changes to third-party relationships and revenues, changes in the manner of providing services, customer acquisition and retention pressures, and Peoples' ability to attract, develop and retain qualified professionals;
(5)uncertainty regarding the nature, timing, cost, and effect of legislative or regulatory changes or actions, or deposit insurance premium levels, promulgated and to be promulgated by governmental and regulatory agencies in the State of Ohio, the FDIC, the Federal Reserve Board and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which may subject Peoples, its subsidiaries, or one or more acquired companies to a variety of new and more stringent legal and regulatory requirements;
(6)the effects of easing restrictions on participants in the financial services industry;
(7)current and future local, regional, national and international economic conditions (including the impact of persistent inflation, supply chain issues or labor shortages, supply-demand imbalances affecting local real estate prices, high unemployment rates in the local or regional economies in which Peoples operates and/or the U.S. economy generally, an increasing federal government budget deficit, the failure of the federal government to raise the federal debt ceiling, potential or imposed tariffs, uncertainties surrounding the upcoming U.S. Presidential election and potential changes in the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, a U.S. withdrawal from or significant renegotiation of trade agreements, trade wars and other changes in trade regulations, and changes in the relationship of the U.S. and U.S. global trading partners) and the impact these conditions may have on Peoples, Peoples' customers and Peoples' counterparties, and Peoples' assessment of the impact, which may be different than anticipated;
(8)Peoples may issue equity securities in connection with future acquisitions, which could cause ownership and economic dilution to Peoples' current shareholders;
(9)changes in prepayment speeds, loan originations, levels of nonperforming assets, delinquent loans, charge-offs, and customer and other counterparties' performance and creditworthiness generally, which may be less favorable than expected in light of recent inflationary pressures and continued elevated interest rates, and may adversely impact the amount of interest income generated;
(10)Peoples may have more credit risk and higher credit losses to the extent there are loan concentrations by location or industry of borrowers or collateral;
(11)future credit quality and performance, including expectations regarding future credit losses and the allowance for credit losses;

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(12)changes in accounting standards, policies, estimates or procedures may adversely affect Peoples' reported financial condition or results of operations;
(13)the impact of assumptions, estimates and inputs used within models, which may vary materially from actual outcomes, including under the CECL model;
(14)adverse changes in the conditions and trends in the financial markets, including recent inflationary pressures, which may adversely affect the fair value of securities within Peoples' investment portfolio, the interest rate sensitivity of Peoples' consolidated balance sheet, and the income generated by Peoples' trust and investment activities;
(15)the volatility from quarter to quarter of mortgage banking income, whether due to interest rates, demand, the fair value of mortgage loans, or other factors;
(16)Peoples' ability to receive dividends from Peoples' subsidiaries;
(17)Peoples' ability to maintain required capital levels and adequate sources of funding and liquidity;
(18)the impact of larger or similar-sized financial institutions encountering problems, such as the failure in 2024 of Republic First Bank, and closures in 2023 of Silicon Valley Bank in California, Signature Bank in New York, and First Republic Bank in California, which may adversely affect the banking industry and/or Peoples' business generation and retention, funding and liquidity, including Peoples' continued ability to grow deposits or maintain adequate deposit levels, and may further result in potential increased regulatory requirements, increased reputational risk and potential impacts to macroeconomic conditions;
(19)Peoples' ability to secure confidential information and deliver products and services through the use of computer systems and telecommunications networks, including those of Peoples' third-party vendors and other service providers, which may prove inadequate, and could adversely affect customer confidence in Peoples and/or result in Peoples incurring a financial loss;
(20)any misappropriation of the confidential information which Peoples possesses could have an adverse impact on Peoples' business and could result in regulatory actions, litigation and other adverse effects;
(21)Peoples' ability to anticipate and respond to technological changes, and Peoples' reliance on, and the potential failure of, a number of third-party vendors to perform as expected, including Peoples' primary core banking system provider, which can impact Peoples' ability to respond to customer needs and meet competitive demands;
(22)operational issues stemming from and/or capital spending necessitated by the potential need to adapt to industry changes in information technology systems on which Peoples and Peoples' subsidiaries are highly dependent;
(23)changes in consumer spending, borrowing and saving habits, whether due to changes in retail distribution strategies, consumer preferences and behavior, changes in business and economic conditions, legislative or regulatory initiatives, or other factors, which may be different than anticipated;
(24)the adequacy of Peoples' internal controls and risk management program in the event of changes in strategic, reputational, market, economic, operational, cybersecurity, compliance, legal, asset/liability repricing, liquidity, credit and interest rate risks associated with Peoples' business;
(25)the impact on Peoples' businesses, personnel, facilities, or systems of losses related to acts of fraud, theft, misappropriation or violence;
(26)the impact on Peoples' businesses, as well as on the risks described above, of various domestic or international widespread natural or other disasters (including severe weather events), pandemics, cybersecurity attacks, system failures, civil unrest, military or terrorist activities or international conflicts (including Russia’s war in Ukraine and the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East);
(27)the potential deterioration of the U.S. economy due to financial, political or other shocks;
(28)the potential influence on the U.S. financial markets and economy from the effects of climate change, including any enhanced regulatory, compliance, credit and reputational risks and costs;
(29)the impact on Peoples' businesses and operating results of any costs associated with obtaining rights in intellectual property claimed by others and adequately protecting Peoples' intellectual property;
(30)risks and uncertainties associated with Peoples' entry into new geographic markets and risks resulting from Peoples' inexperience in these new geographic markets;
(31)Peoples' ability to integrate the Limestone Merger, which may be unsuccessful, or may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected;

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(32)the risk that expected revenue synergies and cost savings from the Limestone Merger, may not be fully realized or realized within the expected time frame;
(33)changes in laws or regulations imposed by Peoples' regulators impacting Peoples' capital actions, including dividend payments and share repurchases;
(34)the vulnerability of Peoples' network and online banking portals, and the systems of parties with whom Peoples contracts, to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss and other security breaches;
(35)regulatory and legal matters, including the failure to resolve any outstanding matters on a timely basis and the potential of new regulatory matters, litigation, or other legal actions, which may result in, among other things, additional costs, fines, penalties, restrictions on our business activities, reputational harm, or other adverse consequences;
(36)Peoples' business may be adversely affected by increased political and regulatory scrutiny of corporate environmental, social and governance ("ESG") practices;
(37)the effect of a fall in stock market prices on Peoples' asset and wealth management business; and
(38)other risk factors relating to the banking industry or Peoples as detailed from time to time in Peoples' reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including those risk factors included in the disclosures under the heading "ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS" of Peoples' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. Peoples encourages readers of this Form 10-Q to understand forward-looking statements to be strategic objectives rather than absolute targets of future performance. Peoples undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the filing of this Form 10-Q or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by applicable legal requirements. Copies of documents filed with the SEC are available free of charge at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov and/or from Peoples' website – www.peoplesbancorp.com under the “Investor Relations” section.
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements. Although management believes the expectations in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions within the bounds of management’s knowledge of Peoples’ business and operations, it is possible that actual results may differ materially from these projections.
This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements, and Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements, contained in Peoples’ 2023 Form 10-K, as well as the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, ratios, statistics and discussions contained elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
Business Overview
The following discussion and analysis of Peoples’ Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is presented to provide insight into management’s assessment of the financial condition and results of operations.
Peoples is a diversified financial services holding company that makes available a complete line of banking, trust and investment, insurance, premium financing and equipment leasing solutions through its subsidiaries. Peoples provides services through traditional offices, automated teller machines ("ATMs"), interactive teller machines ("ITMs"), mobile banking, telephone and internet-based banking. Peoples offers a complete array of insurance products through Peoples Insurance, a subsidiary of Peoples Bank. Brokerage services are offered by Peoples exclusively through an unaffiliated registered broker-dealer located at Peoples Bank's offices. Peoples Bank offers insurance premium finance lending nationwide through its Peoples Premium Finance division. Peoples also offers lease financing through its North Star Leasing division and through Vantage, a subsidiary of Peoples Bank. As of September 30, 2024, Peoples had 149 locations, including 130 full-service bank branches in Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia, Washington D.C. and Maryland. Peoples Bank is subject to regulation and examination primarily by the Ohio Division of Financial Institutions (the "ODFI"), the FRB of Cleveland and the FDIC. Peoples Bank must also follow the regulations promulgated by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the "CFPB"), which regulates consumer financial products and services and certain financial services providers. Peoples Insurance is subject to regulation by the Ohio Department of Insurance and the state insurance regulatory agencies of those states in which Peoples Insurance may do business.
Critical Accounting Policies
The accounting and reporting policies of Peoples conform to US GAAP. The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. Note 1 of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements describes Peoples' significant accounting policies. Management has identified the accounting policies that, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to understanding Peoples’ Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and this MD&A at September 30, 2024, which have been disclosed in

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Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K and updated in "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-Q. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the policies disclosed in Peoples’ 2023 Form 10-K.
Summary of Recent Transactions and Events
The following is a summary of recent transactions and events that have impacted or are expected to impact Peoples’ results of operations or financial condition:
◦For the first nine months of 2024, Peoples incurred $(0.7) million of acquisition-related expenses compared to $15.7 million for the first nine months of 2023. Peoples recorded acquisition-related expenses, primarily related to the Limestone Merger, which included $(0.7) million for the third quarter of 2024 and $4.4 million for the third quarter of 2023.
◦For the third quarter of 2024, Peoples recorded a provision for credit losses of $6.7 million, compared to a provision for credit losses of $5.7 million for the linked quarter and a provision for credit losses of $4.1 million for the third quarter of 2023. For the first nine months of 2024, Peoples recorded a provision for credit losses of $18.5 million, compared to a provision for credit losses of $13.9 million for 2023. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2024 was mainly a result of net charge-offs. The provision for credit losses during the first nine months of 2024 was mainly a result of (i) higher net charge-offs, (ii) an increase in reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases, (iii) economic forecast deterioration and (iv) loan growth. For more information, please refer to the section titled "RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Provision for Credit Losses" found later in this MD&A.
◦On October 25, 2022, Peoples announced the Limestone Merger, a transaction valued at $177.9 million. The Limestone Merger closed as of the close of business on April 30, 2023. Peoples acquired Limestone's loan portfolio totaling $1.1 billion, $1.2 billion of deposits, $172.7 million of total investment securities, an aggregate of $99.5 million of short-term and long-term borrowings, and $93.5 million of total cash and cash equivalents. Peoples also recorded goodwill in the amount of $68.8 million and other intangible assets of $27.7 million, which consisted of core deposit intangibles.
◦To combat the effects of ongoing inflationary pressures, the Federal Reserve Board increased the Federal Funds Target Rate range to 0.25% to 0.50% beginning on March 16, 2022, and continued to raise rates up to 5.50% on July 27, 2023. This rate remained unchanged until September 2024, at which point the Federal Reserve Board decreased rates by 50 basis points, reducing the rate to 4.75% to 5.00%. The Federal Reserve Board has signaled that future rate reductions continue to be a possibility.
The impact of these transactions and events, where material, is discussed in the applicable sections of this MD&A.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Peoples reported net income of $31.7 million for the third quarter of 2024, representing earnings per diluted common share of $0.89. In comparison, Peoples reported net income of $29.0 million, representing earnings per diluted common share of $0.82, for the second quarter of 2024, and net income of $31.9 million, representing earnings per diluted common share of $0.90, for the third quarter of 2023. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, Peoples recorded net income of $90.3 million, or $2.55 per diluted common share, compared to $79.5 million, or $2.47 per diluted common share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Non-core items negatively impacted earnings per diluted common share by $0.01 for the third quarter of 2024, $0.02 for the second quarter of 2024, and $0.16 for the third quarter of 2023. Non-core items negatively impacted earnings per diluted share by $0.03 and $0.52 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Net interest income was $88.9 million for the third quarter of 2024, and increased $2.3 million when compared to the linked quarter. Net interest margin was 4.27% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 4.18% for the linked quarter. The increase in net interest income and net interest margin was primarily driven by an increase in accretion income, net of amortization, from our acquisitions and higher earning asset yields, which were partially offset by higher borrowings costs. Net interest income for the third quarter of 2024 decreased $4.4 million, or 5%, compared to the third quarter of 2023. The decrease in net interest income compared to the third quarter of 2023 was driven by higher funding costs. Net interest margin for the third quarter of 2024 was 4.27% and decreased 43 basis points compared to 4.70% for the third quarter of 2023, driven primarily by an increase in interest expense on deposits. For the first nine months of 2024, net interest income increased $11.2 million, or 4%, compared to the first nine months of 2023, while net interest margin decreased 36 basis points to 4.24%. The increase in net interest income was driven by increases in market interest rates and an additional four months of income from the Limestone Merger. The decrease in net interest margin for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was primarily driven by higher borrowing costs, which offset higher earning asset yields.
Accretion income, net of amortization expense, from acquisitions was $8.1 million for the third quarter of 2024, $5.8 million for the second quarter of 2024 and $9.5 million for the third quarter of 2023, which added 39 basis points, 28 basis points and 48 basis points, respectively, to net interest margin. The increase in accretion income for the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the linked quarter was driven by higher pay-offs. The decrease in accretion income for the current quarter compared to the third quarter of 2023

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was a result of the accretion from the Limestone Merger. Accretion income, net of amortization expense, from acquisitions was $20.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $15.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, which added 33 and 29 basis points, respectively, to net interest margin. The increase in accretion income for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was due to more accretion from the Limestone Merger.
The provision for credit losses was $6.7 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared to a provision for credit losses of $5.7 million for the linked quarter and a provision for credit losses of $4.1 million for the third quarter of 2023. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2024 was mainly a result of net charge-offs. The provision for credit losses for the second quarter of 2024 was driven by (i) higher charge-offs, (ii) an increase of reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases, and (iii) loan growth. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2023 was driven by (i) loan growth, (ii) an increase in net charge-offs, (iii) updates to our prepayment, curtailment and funding rates, and (iv) a deterioration in macro-economic conditions used within the CECL model, partially offset by the release of reserves on individually analyzed loans. Net charge-offs for the third quarter of 2024 were $6.1 million, or 0.38% of average total loans annualized, compared to net charge-offs of $4.2 million, or 0.27% of average total loans annualized, for the linked quarter and net charge-offs of $2.3 million, or 0.15% of average total loans annualized, for the third quarter of 2023. For additional information on credit trends and the allowance for credit losses, see the "FINANCIAL CONDITION - Allowance for Credit Losses" section below.
The provision for credit losses for the first nine months of 2024 was $18.5 million, compared to $13.9 million for the first nine months of 2023. The provision for credit losses for the first nine months of 2024 was mainly the result of (i) higher net charge-offs, (ii) an increase in reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases and (iii) economic forecast deterioration and (iv) loan growth. The provision for credit losses for the first nine months of 2023 was driven by (i) the addition of the provision for the non-purchased credit deteriorated loans acquired in the Limestone Merger, (ii) loan growth and (iii) economic forecast deterioration, partially offset by a reduction in the reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases and the use of updated loss drivers. Net charge-offs for the first nine months of 2024 were $13.6 million, or 0.29% of average total loans annualized, compared to net charge-offs of $5.1 million, or 0.12% of average total loans annualized, for the first nine months of 2023. For additional information on credit trends and the allowance for credit losses, see the "FINANCIAL CONDITION - Allowance for Credit Losses" section below.
Net gains and losses include gains and losses on investment securities, asset disposals and other transactions, which are included in total non-interest income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The net loss realized during the third quarter of 2024 was $0.9 million, compared to a net loss of $0.8 million for the linked quarter and a net loss of $0.3 million for the third quarter of 2023. The net loss for the third quarter of 2024, the second quarter of 2024, and the third quarter of 2023 was driven primarily by net losses on repossessed assets of $0.5 million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The net loss realized during the first nine months of 2024 was $2.0 million, compared to $4.3 million for the first nine months of 2023. The net loss for the first nine months of 2024 was driven by $1.3 million of net losses on repossessed assets. The net loss for the first nine months of 2023 was primarily driven by a $2.0 million pre-tax net loss on the sale of available-for-sale investment securities and the $1.6 million writedown of an OREO property. During the first nine months of 2024, Peoples sold $96.7 million of it's lower yielding available-for-sale investment securities, with proceeds from the sale used to pay down overnight borrowings.
Total non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses, for the third quarter of 2024 increased $1.2 million compared to the linked quarter. The increase in non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses, was primarily impacted by increases of $0.8 million in mortgage banking income and $0.7 million in lease income, partially offset by a decrease of $0.6 million in bank-owned life insurance income ("BOLI"). Compared to the third quarter of 2023, total non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses, increased $2.1 million, primarily due to a $1.9 million increase in lease income, a $0.8 million increase in mortgage banking income, and a $0.6 million increase in trust and investment income, partially offset by a $0.9 million decrease in BOLI income. The increases for the third quarter of 2024, when compared to the third quarter of 2023, were primarily due to gains on early terminations on leases that paid off, higher production in mortgage banking, and an increase in trust and investment income driven by an increase in assets under administration and management.
For the first nine months of 2024, total non-interest income, excluding gains and losses, increased $8.7 million, or 13%, compared to the first nine months of 2023. The increase was driven by (i) a $2.0 million increase in other non-interest income, driven by operating lease income, (ii) a $1.7 million increase in trust and investment income driven by increases in assets under administration and management, (iii) a $1.4 million increase in lease income driven by gains on terminated leases, (iv) a $1.2 million increase in insurance income driven by higher contingency income and market increases for premiums, (v) a $0.9 million increase in deposit account service charge income, and (vi) a $0.9 million increase in mortgage banking income.
Total non-interest expense decreased $2.7 million, or 4%, for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the linked quarter. The decrease in total non-interest expense was primarily due to decreases of $2.9 million in other non-interest expense, driven by a one-time $1.3 million true-up of corporate expenses recorded in the linked quarter, and a decrease of $0.6 million in data processing and software expense.
Compared to the third quarter of 2023, total non-interest expense decreased $5.6 million, or 8%. The decrease in total non-interest expense was primarily due to acquisition-related expenses in the third quarter of 2023. Excluding acquisition-related expenses, non-

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interest expenses decreased $0.5 million, or 1%, primarily due to a decrease of $2.7 million in other non-interest expense, partially offset by an increase of $1.1 million in data processing and software expense.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, total non-interest expense increased $4.5 million, or 2%, compared to the first nine months of 2023. Excluding acquisition-related expenses, non-interest expenses increased $21.0 million, or 11%, primarily due to increases of $11.6 million in salaries and employee benefit costs due to additional employees added in the Limestone Merger, $4.4 million and $2.5 million in data processing and software expense and in net occupancy and equipment expense, respectively, due to recent technology projects and growth, including through acquisitions.
The table below summarizes the amount of acquisition-related expenses for each line item that is a component of non-interest expense. This information is used by Peoples to provide information useful to investors in understanding Peoples' operating performance and trends.

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Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,June 30,September 30,September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242024202320242023
Non-interest expense:
Salaries and employee benefit costs$37,085 $36,564 $36,608 $112,542 $106,661 
Net occupancy and equipment expense5,905 6,142 5,501 18,330 15,836 
Professional fees2,896 2,935 3,456 8,798 13,775 
Data processing and software expense6,111 6,743 6,288 18,623 15,578 
Amortization of other intangible assets2,786 2,787 3,280 8,361 7,951 
Electronic banking expense1,844 1,941 1,836 5,566 5,159 
Marketing expense971 681 1,267 2,708 3,554 
FDIC insurance premiums1,241 1,251 1,260 3,678 3,525 
Franchise tax expense917 760 772 2,558 2,678 
Communication expense814 736 752 2,349 2,089 
Other loan expenses1,178 1,036 856 3,290 2,133 
Other non-interest expense4,342 7,182 9,820 16,510 19,859 
  Total non-interest expense66,090 68,758 71,696 203,313 198,798 
Acquisition-related non-interest expense:
Salaries and employee benefit costs— — 562 16 5,708 
Net occupancy and equipment expense— — 2 — 31 
Professional fees— — 429 (38)5,532 
Data processing and software expense— — 1,289 (18)1,290 
Electronic banking expense— — — (100)115 
Marketing expense— — 38 10 61 
Communication expense— — 1 — 1 
Other loan expenses— — — — 1 
Other non-interest expense(662)— 2,113 (616)2,955 
  Total acquisition-related non-interest expense(662)— 4,434 (746)15,694 
Non-interest expense excluding acquisition-related expense:
Salaries and employee benefit costs37,085 36,564 36,046 112,526 100,953 
Net occupancy and equipment expense5,905 6,142 5,499 18,330 15,805 
Professional fees2,896 2,935 3,027 8,836 8,243 
Data processing and software expense6,111 6,743 4,999 18,641 14,288 
Amortization of other intangible assets2,786 2,787 3,280 8,361 7,951 
Electronic banking expense1,844 1,941 1,836 5,666 5,044 
Marketing expense971 681 1,229 2,698 3,493 
FDIC insurance premiums1,241 1,251 1,260 3,678 3,525 
Franchise tax expense917 760 772 2,558 2,678 
Communication expense814 736 751 2,349 2,088 
Other loan expenses1,178 1,036 856 3,290 2,132 
Other non-interest expense5,004 7,182 7,707 17,126 16,904 
Total non-interest expense excluding acquisition-related expense$66,752 $68,758 $67,262 $204,059 $183,104 

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The efficiency ratio for the third quarter of 2024 was 55.1%, compared to 59.2% for the linked quarter, and 58.4% for the third quarter of 2023. The efficiency ratio, adjusted for non-core items, was 55.7% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 59.2% for the linked quarter and 52.5% for the third quarter of 2023. The efficiency ratio and the adjusted efficiency ratio for non-core items improved compared to the linked quarterly mainly as a result of a reduction in non-interest expense and an increase in net interest income. The efficiency ratio for the first nine months of 2024 was 57.4%, compared to 59.7% for the first nine months of 2023. The efficiency ratio improved compared to the prior year first nine months due to the decrease in acquisition-related expenses. The efficiency ratio, adjusted for non-core items, was 57.7% for the first nine months of 2024, compared to 54.2% for the first nine months of 2023. Peoples continues to focus on controlling expenses, while recognizing necessary costs in order to continue growing the business.
Peoples recorded income tax expense of $9.2 million with an effective tax rate of 22.5% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to income tax expense of $6.9 million with an effective tax rate of 19.1% for the linked quarter, and income tax expense of $8.8 million with an effective tax rate of 21.7% for the third quarter of 2023. The increase in income tax expense for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the linked quarter was driven by a $1.1 million one-time benefit recognized in the second quarter of 2024 related to a prior year amended return and higher pre-tax income. Peoples recorded income tax expense of $24.3 million with an effective tax rate of 21.2% for the first nine months of 2024 and $22.1 million with an effective tax rate of 21.7% for the first nine months of 2023. The increase was driven by higher pre-tax income.
At September 30, 2024, total assets were $9.14 billion, compared to $9.23 billion at June 30, 2024, $9.16 billion at December 31, 2023 and $8.94 billion at September 30, 2023. Total assets at September 30, 2024 decreased when compared to at June 30, 2024 primarily due to a decrease in loans and investment securities, partially offset by an increase in cash and cash equivalents. The period-end total loan and lease balances at September 30, 2024 decreased $53.5 million, or 3% annualized, compared to at June 30, 2024. The decrease in the period-end total loan and lease balances was primarily driven by decreases of (i) $20.5 million in construction loans, (ii) $15.5 million in other commercial real estate loans, (iii) $11.8 million in residential real estate loans, and (iv) $7.9 million in commercial and industrial loans, partially offset by an increase of $5.5 million in home equity lines of credit. Total assets at September 30, 2024 decreased compared to December 31, 2023 due to a decrease of $143.0 million in total cash and cash equivalents, partially offset by an increase of $112.6 million in loans and leases. Total assets at September 30, 2024 increased compared to September 30, 2023 due to an increase of $187.4 million in total loans and leases. The period-end loan and lease increased from September 30, 2023 to September 30, 2024 primarily as a result of organic growth in our commercial and industrial, premium finance, and lease portfolios of $121.3 million, $97.7million, and $30.4 million, respectively.
Total liabilities were $8.02 billion at September 30, 2024, down from $8.15 billion at June 30, 2024 and $8.10 billion at December 31, 2023, and up from $7.95 billion at September 30, 2023. The decrease in total liabilities when compared to at June 30, 2024 was primarily due to a decrease of $306.8 million in short-term borrowings, partially offset by an increase of $185.4 million in period-end total deposits. The decrease in total liabilities when compared to at December 31, 2023 was primarily due to a decrease of $425.2 million in short-term borrowings, partially offset by an increase of $330.9 million in total period end deposits. The increase in total liabilities when compared to at September 30, 2023 was primarily due to a $445.6 million increase in period in deposits, partially offset by a decrease of $409.5 million in short-term borrowings. The increase in deposits was primarily driven by increases of $685.4 million in retail certificates of deposit, $163.8 million in money market deposit accounts, and $62.5 million in governmental deposit accounts, partially offset by decreases of $122.2 million, $115.6 million, $115.2 million, and $113.0 million in savings accounts, non-interest bearing deposits, interest-bearing demand deposit accounts and brokered certificates of deposit, respectively. The increase in retail certificates of deposits was driven by current promotional offerings.
Total stockholders' equity at September 30, 2024 increased by $47.1 million compared to at June 30, 2024, which was primarily due to net income for the third quarter of 2024 of $31.7 million and a decrease of $27.7 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss, partially offset by dividends paid of $14.2 million. Accumulated unrealized losses related to the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio were $83.7 million and $112.7 million at September 30, 2024 and at June 30, 2024, respectively. Total stockholders' equity at September 30, 2024 increased by $71.6 million compared to at December 31, 2023, which was primarily due to net income of $90.3 million for the first nine months of 2024 and a decrease of $19.1 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss, partially offset by dividends paid of $42.1 million. The increase in total stockholders' equity at September 30, 2024 when compared to at September 30, 2023 was impacted by net income of $124.1 million in the last twelve months and a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss of $61.3 million, partially offset by dividends paid of $56.2 million.






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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Interest Income
Net interest income, the amount by which interest income exceeds interest expense, remains Peoples' largest source of revenue. The amount of net interest income earned by Peoples each quarter is affected by various factors, including changes in market interest rates due to the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy, the level and degree of pricing competition for loans and deposits in Peoples’ markets, and the amount and composition of Peoples' earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. 
Net interest margin, which is calculated by dividing fully tax-equivalent ("FTE") net interest income by average interest-earning assets, serves as an important measurement of the net revenue stream generated by the volume, mix and pricing of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. FTE net interest income is calculated by increasing interest income to convert tax-exempt income earned on obligations of states and political subdivisions and tax-exempt loans to the pre-tax equivalent of taxable income using a federal statutory corporate income tax rate of 21% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
The following table details the calculation of FTE net interest income:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Net interest income$88,912 $86,613 $93,274 $262,165 $251,005 
Taxable equivalent adjustment318 352 391 1,022 1,140 
FTE net interest income$89,230 $86,965 $93,665 $263,187 $252,145 

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The following tables detail Peoples’ average balance sheets for the periods presented:
 For the Three Months Ended
 September 30, 2024June 30, 2024September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Average BalanceIncome/ ExpenseYield/CostAverage BalanceIncome/ ExpenseYield/CostAverage BalanceIncome/ ExpenseYield/Cost
Short-term investments $57,436 $954 6.60 %$178,094 $2,502 5.65 %$62,609 $801 5.08 %
Investment securities (a)(b):   
Taxable1,714,614 15,147 3.53 %1,684,939 14,886 3.54 %1,626,342 12,681 3.12 %
Nontaxable183,087 1,250 2.73 %185,433 1,258 2.71 %192,906 1,435 2.98 %
Total investment securities1,897,701 16,397 3.46 %1,870,372 16,144 3.45 %1,819,248 14,116 3.10 %
Loans (b)(c):   
Construction330,779 6,654 7.87 %328,943 6,595 7.93 %400,396 9,983 9.76 %
Commercial real estate, other2,049,150 37,640 7.19 %2,074,718 36,420 6.94 %1,965,927 34,369 6.84 %
Commercial and industrial1,254,709 24,730 7.71 %1,230,290 23,897 7.68 %1,128,420 22,561 7.82 %
Premium finance288,841 6,052 8.20 %260,513 5,746 8.73 %179,390 3,565 7.78 %
Leases424,549 11,922 10.99 %419,764 11,982 11.29 %384,606 11,508 11.71 %
Residential real estate (d)920,703 12,110 5.26 %925,629 11,460 4.95 %952,863 11,879 4.99 %
Home equity lines of credit231,760 4,836 8.30 %225,362 4,612 8.23 %201,973 4,012 7.88 %
Consumer, indirect681,002 10,372 6.06 %656,405 9,669 5.92 %662,462 8,774 5.25 %
Consumer, direct120,941 2,271 7.47 %119,048 2,095 7.08 %139,595 2,416 6.87 %
Total loans6,302,434 116,587 7.27 %6,240,672 112,476 7.16 %6,015,632 109,067 7.13 %
Allowance for credit losses (66,154)(64,745)(60,724)
Net loans6,236,280 116,587 7.35 %6,175,927 112,476 7.23 %5,954,908 109,067 7.20 %
Total earning assets8,191,417 133,938 6.44 %8,224,393 131,122 6.34 %7,836,765 123,984 6.23 %
Goodwill and other intangible assets405,022  407,864 411,229 
Other assets546,298  548,197 558,415 
    Total assets
$9,142,737  $9,180,454 $8,806,409 
Interest-bearing deposits:   
Savings accounts$870,914 $227 0.10 %$892,465 $222 0.10 %$1,058,606 $447 0.17 %
Governmental deposit accounts
824,918 5,960 2.87 %795,913 5,594 2.83 %758,409 4,012 2.10 %
Interest-bearing demand accounts
1,072,850 591 0.22 %1,095,553 495 0.18 %1,198,100 520 0.17 %
Money market accounts854,075 5,609 2.61 %850,375 5,419 2.56 %717,765 2,943 1.63 %
Retail CDs1,865,312 20,151 4.30 %1,743,238 18,423 4.25 %1,043,579 7,161 2.72 %
Brokered CDs (e)410,035 4,713 4.57 %482,310 5,506 4.59 %631,410 7,399 4.65 %
Total interest-bearing deposits
5,898,104 37,251 2.51 %5,859,854 35,659 2.45 %5,407,869 22,482 1.65 %
Borrowed funds:   
Short-term FHLB advances (e)135,185 1,870 5.50 %199,978 2,755 5.54 %344,978 4,717 5.42 %
Repurchase agreements and other183,567 2,180 4.75 %207,295 2,223 4.29 %113,484 452 1.59 %
Total short-term borrowings318,752 4,050 5.07 %407,273 4,978 4.90 %458,462 5,169 4.48 %
Long-term FHLB advances132,206 1,329 4.00 %132,579 1,316 3.99 %60,486 521 3.42 %
Long-term notes payable48,097 843 7.01 %48,175 842 6.99 %39,680 635 6.40 %
Other long-term borrowings (f)54,476 1,235 8.87 %54,207 1,362 9.93 %48,068 1,512 12.31 %
Total long-term borrowings234,779 3,407 5.75 %234,961 3,520 5.98 %148,234 2,668 7.19 %
  Total borrowed funds553,531 7,457 5.36 %642,234 8,498 5.30 %606,696 7,837 4.72 %
      Total interest-bearing liabilities
6,451,635 44,708 2.76 %6,502,088 44,157 2.73 %6,014,565 30,319 1.96 %
Non-interest-bearing deposits1,468,498   1,476,870 1,627,231 
Other liabilities122,848   140,042 159,755 
Total liabilities8,042,981   8,119,000 7,801,551 
Total stockholders’ equity1,099,756   1,061,454 1,004,858 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$9,142,737   $9,180,454 $8,806,409 
Interest rate spread (b) $89,230 3.68 %$86,965 3.61 %$93,665 4.27 %
Net interest margin (b)4.27 %4.18 %4.70 %


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 For the Nine Months Ended
 September 30, 2024September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Average BalanceIncome/ ExpenseYield/CostAverage BalanceIncome/ ExpenseYield/Cost
Short-term investments$125,720 $5,377 5.71 %$57,271 $1,862 4.35 %
Investment securities (a)(b):   
Taxable 1,685,945 43,997 3.48 %1,632,594 36,544 2.98 %
Nontaxable181,058 3,778 2.78 %194,667 4,129 2.83 %
Total investment securities1,867,003 47,775 3.41 %1,827,261 40,673 2.97 %
Loans (b)(c):   
Construction333,048 19,652 7.75 %333,895 20,437 8.07 %
Commercial real estate, other2,066,631 111,302 7.08 %1,671,019 82,403 6.50 %
Commercial and industrial1,229,491 72,142 7.71 %1,021,573 56,728 7.32 %
Premium finance253,383 16,362 8.48 %160,729 8,374 6.87 %
Leases 418,084 35,970 11.30 %362,222 31,426 11.44 %
Residential real estate (d)925,756 34,892 5.03 %903,622 32,414 4.78 %
Home equity lines of credit224,648 13,745 8.17 %190,225 10,634 7.47 %
Consumer, indirect664,610 29,322 5.89 %651,578 23,947 4.91 %
Consumer, direct121,359 6,465 7.12 %125,826 6,401 6.80 %
Total loans6,237,010 339,852 7.19 %5,420,689 272,764 6.66 %
Allowance for credit losses
(64,052)(55,757)
Net loans6,172,958 339,852 7.26 %5,364,932 272,764 6.73 %
Total earning assets8,165,681 393,004 6.36 %7,249,464 315,299 5.76 %
Goodwill and other intangible assets407,858  374,924 
Other assets541,510  496,497 
    Total assets
$9,115,049  $8,120,885 
Interest-bearing deposits:   
Savings accounts$889,629 $675 0.10 %$1,066,783 $1,166 0.15 %
Governmental deposit accounts
795,019 16,639 2.80 %696,359 7,408 1.42 %
Interest-bearing demand accounts
1,092,407 1,538 0.19 %1,160,698 1,232 0.14 %
Money market accounts829,825 15,917 2.56 %661,272 5,774 1.17 %
Retail CDs1,730,818 54,472 4.20 %817,512 13,120 2.15 %
Brokered CDs (e)486,832 16,972 4.66 %452,574 13,846 4.09 %
Total interest-bearing deposits
5,824,530 106,213 2.44 %4,855,198 42,546 1.17 %
Borrowed funds:   
Short-term FHLB advances (e)156,666 6,452 5.50 %373,304 13,969 5.00 %
Repurchase agreements and other214,760 6,760 4.20 %104,522 971 1.24 %
Total short-term borrowings371,426 13,212 4.75 %477,826 14,940 4.18 %
Long-term FHLB advances130,246 3,886 3.99 %42,870 930 2.90 %
Long-term notes payable48,890 2,547 6.95 %44,903 1,837 5.45 %
Other long-term borrowings (f)54,207 3,959 9.60 %38,676 2,901 9.89 %
Total long-term borrowings233,343 10,392 5.91 %126,449 5,668 5.98 %
  Total borrowed funds604,769 23,604 5.20 %604,275 20,608 4.14 %
      Total interest-bearing liabilities
6,429,299 129,817 2.70 %5,459,473 63,154 1.50 %
Non-interest-bearing deposits1,482,318   1,607,411 
Other liabilities131,998   134,003 
Total liabilities8,043,615   7,200,887 
Total stockholders’ equity1,071,434   919,998 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$9,115,049   $8,120,885 
Interest rate spread (b) $263,187 3.66 %$252,145 4.26 %
Net interest margin (b)4.24 %4.60 %
(a)Average balances are based on carrying value.
(b)Interest income and yields are presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis, using a 21% statutory federal corporate income tax rate.
(c)Average balances include nonaccrual and impaired loans. Interest income includes interest earned and received on nonaccrual loans prior to the loans being placed on nonaccrual status. Loan fees included in interest income were immaterial for all periods presented.
(d)Loans held for sale are included in the average loan balance listed. Related interest income on loans originated for sale prior to the loan being sold is included in loan interest income.

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(e)Interest related to interest rate swap transactions is included, as appropriate to the transaction, in interest expense on short-term FHLB advances and interest expense on brokered CDs for the periods presented in which FHLB advances and brokered CDs were being utilized.
(f)Included in other long-term borrowings are trust preferred securities held for investments and floating rate junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures.
Peoples' average balances compared to prior year periods have been impacted by recent acquisitions, including the Limestone Merger as of the close of business on April 30, 2023, which added to average loan, deposit and borrowed funds balances. Peoples' deposit balances have increased primarily due to an increase in retail certificates of deposits driven by special promotional rate offerings over the past year.
The following table provides an analysis of the changes in FTE net interest income:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to
(Dollars in thousands)June 30, 2024September 30, 2023September 30, 2023
Increase (decrease) in:RateVolume
Total (a)
RateVolume
Total (a)
RateVolume
Total (a)
INTEREST INCOME:
Short-term investments $2,809 $(4,357)$(1,548)$569 $(416)$153 $679 $2,836 $3,515 
Investment Securities (b):
Taxable(76)337 261 1,754 713 2,467 6,226 1,228 7,454 
Nontaxable40 (48)(8)(113)(71)(184)(66)(285)(351)
Total investment income(36)289 253 1,641 642 2,283 6,160 943 7,103 
Loans (b):
   
Construction(134)193 59 (1,752)(1,577)(3,329)(738)(47)(785)
Commercial real estate, other3,530 (2,310)1,220 1,782 1,488 3,270 7,841 21,058 28,899 
Commercial and industrial131 702 833 (1,996)4,162 2,166 3,175 12,239 15,414 
Premium finance(1,655)1,961 306 203 2,284 2,487 2,313 5,675 7,988 
Leases(801)741 (60)(3,321)3,736 415 (593)5,137 4,544 
Residential real estate1,049 (399)650 2,134 (1,902)232 1,671 807 2,478 
Home equity lines of credit52 172 224 219 605 824 1,060 2,051 3,111 
Consumer, indirect265 438 703 1,351 247 1,598 4,885 490 5,375 
Consumer, direct137 39 176 959 (1,104)(145)380 (316)64 
Total loan income2,574 1,537 4,111 (421)7,939 7,518 19,994 47,094 67,088 
Total interest income$5,347 $(2,531)$2,816 $1,789 $8,165 $9,954 $26,833 $50,873 $77,706 
INTEREST EXPENSE:   
Deposits:   
Savings accounts$(3)$(2)$(5)$579 $(359)$220 $654 $(163)$491 
Interest-bearing demand accounts(87)(9)(96)(51)(20)(71)(259)(47)(306)
Money market accounts(310)120 (190)(5,406)2,738 (2,668)(11,603)1,457 (10,146)
Governmental deposit accounts(633)267 (366)(3,831)1,883 (1,948)(10,497)1,266 (9,231)
Retail CDs(1,643)(83)(1,726)(24,450)11,462 (12,988)(37,209)(4,143)(41,352)
Brokered CDs198 595 793 1,041 1,645 2,686 (3,832)707 (3,125)
Total deposit cost(2,478)888 (1,590)(32,118)17,349 (14,769)(62,746)(923)(63,669)
Borrowed funds:   
Short-term borrowings139 788 927 228 891 1,119 1,120 608 1,728 
Long-term borrowings114 (2)112 (928)189 (739)(2,182)(2,541)(4,723)
Total borrowed funds cost253 786 1,039 (700)1,080 380 (1,062)(1,933)(2,995)
Total interest expense(2,225)1,674 (551)(32,818)18,429 (14,389)(63,808)(2,856)(66,664)
FTE net interest income $3,122 $(857)$2,265 $(31,029)$26,594 $(4,435)$(36,975)$48,017 $11,042 
(a)The change in interest due to both rate and volume has been allocated to rate and volume changes in proportion to the relationship of the dollar amounts of the change in each.
(b)Interest income and yields are presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis, using a 21% statutory federal corporate income tax rate.
Net interest income was $88.9 million for the third quarter of 2024 and increased $2.3 million when compared to the linked quarter. Net interest margin was 4.27% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 4.18% for the linked quarter. The increase in net

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interest income and net interest margin was primarily driven by an increase in accretion income, net of amortization, from acquisitions and higher borrowing costs, which offset higher earning asset yields.
Net interest income for the third quarter of 2024 decreased 5% over the prior year quarter and net interest margin decreased by 43 basis points. The decrease in net interest income compared to the third quarter of 2023 was driven by higher funding costs. The decrease in net interest margin for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, was driven primarily by an increase in interest rates on deposits.
For the first nine months of 2024, net interest income increased $11.2 million, or 4%, compared to the first nine months of 2023, while net interest margin decreased 36 basis points to 4.24%. The increase in net interest income was driven by increases in market interest rates and an additional four months of income from the Limestone Merger. The decrease in net interest margin for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was primarily driven by the full year impact of assets added in the Limestone Merger, which offset higher earning asset yields.
Accretion income, net of amortization expense, from acquisitions was $8.1 million for the third quarter of 2024, $5.8 million for the linked quarter and $9.5 million for the third quarter of 2023, which added 39 basis points, 28 basis points and 48 basis points, respectively, to net interest margin. The increase in accretion income for the third quarter of 2024, when compared to the linked quarter was driven by higher payoffs. The decrease in accretion income for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023 was a result of lower accretion from the Limestone Merger. For the first nine months of 2024, accretion income totaled $20.3 million and added 33 basis points to net interest margin compared to $15.8 million and 29 basis points for the first nine months of 2023. The increase in accretion income for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was due to more accretion from the Limestone Merger.
Additional information regarding changes in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets can be found under appropriate captions of the “FINANCIAL CONDITION” section of this MD&A. Additional information regarding Peoples' interest rate risk and the potential impact of interest rate changes on Peoples' results of operations and financial condition can be found later in this MD&A under the caption "FINANCIAL CONDITION - Interest Rate Sensitivity and Liquidity."
Provision for Credit Losses
The following table details Peoples’ provision for credit losses:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Provision for other credit losses$6,279 $5,397 $3,764 $17,510 $13,188 
Provision for checking account overdraft credit losses456 286 289 1,010 701 
Provision for credit losses$6,735 $5,683 $4,053 $18,520 $13,889 
The provision for credit losses recorded represents the amount needed to maintain the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses based on management’s quarterly estimates. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2024 was mainly a result of net charge-offs. The provision for credit losses for the second quarter of 2024 was driven by (i) higher net charge-offs, (ii) an increase of reserves on individually analyzed loans and leases and (iii) loan growth. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2023 was driven by (i) loan growth, (ii) an increase in net charge-offs, (iii) updates to our prepayment, curtailment, and funding rates, and (iv) a deterioration in macro-economic conditions used within the CECL model, partially offset by a release of reserves on individually analyzed loans.
For the first nine months of 2024, the provision for credit losses was mainly the result of (i) higher net charge-offs, (ii) an increase of reserves on individually analyzed loans and leases and (iii) economic forecast deterioration and (iv) loan growth. For the first nine months of 2023, the provision for credit losses was driven by (i) the addition of the provision for the non-purchased credit deteriorated loans acquired in the Limestone Merger, (ii) loan growth and (iii) economic forecast deterioration, partially offset by a reduction in the reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases and the use of updated loss drivers.
Additional information regarding changes in the allowance for credit losses and loan credit quality can be found later in this MD&A under the caption “FINANCIAL CONDITION - Allowance for Credit Losses.”


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Net Loss Included in Total Non-Interest Income
Net loss includes net losses on investment securities, asset disposals and other transactions, which are recognized in total non-interest income. The following table details Peoples’ net losses for the periods presented:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Net loss on investment securities$(74)$(353)$(7)$(428)$(2,108)
Net loss on asset disposals and other transactions:
Net loss on other assets(764)(397)(284)(1,470)(557)
Net loss on OREO(2)— — (2)(1,623)
Net loss on other transactions (29)(31)(23)(92)(38)
Net loss on asset disposals and other transactions$(795)$(428)$(307)$(1,564)$(2,218)
The net loss on investment securities for the third quarter of 2024 was driven by the loss recorded on a contingent call of a security. During the first quarter of 2023, Peoples executed sales of $96.7 million of its lower yielding available-for-sale securities which were used to pay down overnight borrowings. The loss on the sales of the available-for-sale investment securities had a nominal impact on tangible book value as such loss was previously reflected in capital through accumulated other comprehensive loss.
The net loss on assets disposals and other transactions for the third quarter of 2024, the second quarter of 2024, and the third quarter of 2023 were driven primarily by net losses on repossessed assets of $0.5 million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
Total Non-Interest Income, Excluding Net Gains and Losses
Total non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses, comprised 22% of Peoples' total revenues (defined as net interest income plus total non-interest income excluding net gains and losses) for the third quarter of 2024, 22% for the linked quarter, and 20% for the third quarter of 2023. For the first nine months of 2024, total non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses, totaled 23% of total revenues compared to 21% for the first nine months of 2023.
For the third quarter of 2024, electronic banking income comprised the largest portion of Peoples' total non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses. Peoples' electronic banking ("e-banking") services include ATM and debit cards, direct deposit services, internet and mobile banking, and remote deposit capture, and serve as alternative delivery channels to traditional sales offices for providing services to customers. The following table details Peoples' e-banking income:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
E-banking income$6,359 $6,470 $6,466 $18,875 $18,375 
Peoples' e-banking income is derived largely from ATM and debit cards, as other services are mainly provided at no charge to customers. The amount of e-banking income is largely dependent on the timing and volume of customer activity. E-banking income increased for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 primarily driven by an increase in customer activity.
The following table details Peoples' insurance income:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Property and casualty insurance commissions
$3,584 $3,432 $3,585 $10,601 $10,197 
Performance-based commissions
— 5 40 2,218 1,602 
Life and health insurance commissions
687 672 548 2,059 1,647 
Other fees and charges
— — 77 — 233 
Insurance income$4,271 $4,109 $4,250 $14,878 $13,679 
Peoples' insurance income for the third quarter of 2024 remained relatively flat when compared to the linked quarter and the prior year quarter. Insurance income in the first nine months of 2024 increased 9% when compared to the first nine months of 2023 due to higher commissions and additional customers.

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Peoples' trust and investment income, which includes fiduciary income, brokerage income, and employee benefit fees, continued to be based primarily upon the value of assets under administration and management, with additional income generated from transaction commissions, cross-selling of products and additional retirement plan services business. The following table details Peoples’ trust and investment income:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Fiduciary income$2,047 $2,212 $1,835 $6,260 $5,686 
Brokerage income2,044 1,989 1,782 5,875 5,076 
Employee benefit fees791 798 671 2,345 2,024 
Trust and investment income$4,882 $4,999 $4,288 $14,480 $12,786 
Fiduciary income and brokerage income decreased in the third quarter of 2024 relative to the linked quarter due to market performance. When compared to the third quarter of 2023, fiduciary income and brokerage income increased $0.5 million, which was driven by an increase in assets under administration and management. For the first nine months of 2024, trust and investment income increased when compared to the same period in 2023 due to higher fiduciary and brokerage income, primarily reflecting an increase in assets under management and market volatility.
The following table details Peoples' assets under administration and management:
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Trust$2,124,320 $2,071,832 $2,061,402 $2,021,249 $1,900,488 
Brokerage
$1,608,368 $1,567,775 $1,530,954 $1,473,814 1,364,372 
Total
$3,732,688 $3,639,607 $3,592,356 $3,495,063 $3,264,860 
Quarterly average$3,683,334 $3,587,952 $3,521,188 $3,341,868 $3,319,655 
The increases in assets under administration and management at September 30, 2024 compared to at June 30, 2024 were driven by market value fluctuations. The increases in assets under administration and management at September 30, 2024 when compared to at September 30, 2023 were primarily due to recent growth, through acquisitions, as Peoples added new accounts and the underlying market values of assets under management grew.
Deposit account service charges are based on the recovery of costs associated with services provided. The following table details Peoples' deposit account service charges:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Overdraft and non-sufficient funds fees$2,455 $2,288 $2,461 $6,998 $6,579 
Account maintenance fees1,741 1,716 1,577 5,175 4,661 
Other fees and charges324 335 478 909 952 
Deposit account service charges$4,520 $4,339 $4,516 $13,082 $12,192 
The amount of deposit account service charges, particularly fees for overdrafts and non-sufficient funds, is largely dependent on the timing and volume of customer activity. Management periodically evaluates its cost recovery fees to ensure they are reasonable based on operational costs and similar to fees charged in Peoples' markets by competitors. Deposit account service charges increased for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the linked quarter due to seasonality of customer activity. Deposit account service charges were flat when comparing the third quarter of 2024 to the third quarter of 2023. Deposit account service charges also increased for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period of 2023 due to the Limestone Merger.

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The following table details the other items included within Peoples' total non-interest income:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Other non-interest income2,293 2,172 2,452 6,163 4,179 
Bank owned life insurance income460 1,037 1,375 2,997 2,924 
Lease income1,827 1,116 (66)4,179 2,730 
Mortgage banking income1,051 243 237 1,615 740 
Other non-interest income was relatively flat for the three months ended September 30,2024 when compared to the linked quarter and the third quarter of 2023. The increase in other non-interest income for the first nine months of 2024 when compared to the same period of 2023 was driven by increased operating lease income.
Bank owned life insurance income for the third quarter of 2024 decreased compared to the linked quarter and the prior year quarter primarily due changes in the cash surrender values of the underlying policies. Bank owned life insurance income for the first nine months of 2024 remained relatively flat when compared to the first nine months of 2023.
Lease income is primarily comprised of (i) gains on the early termination of leases, net of any associated purchase accounting adjustments, (ii) month-to-month lease payments in excess of net investment in the lease, net of any associated purchase accounting adjustment, (iii) fees received for referrals, (iv) gains and losses recognized on the sales of residual assets, net of any purchase accounting impact, and (v) syndication income. Lease income for the third quarter of 2024 increased compared to the linked quarter and the third quarter of 2023 due to an increase in gains on terminated leases. Lease income for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was primarily driven by an increase in gains on early terminations on leases that paid off.
Mortgage banking income is comprised mostly of net gains from the origination and sale of real estate loans in the secondary market, and, to a lesser extent, servicing income for loans sold with servicing retained. As a result, the amount of income recognized by Peoples is largely dependent on customer demand and long-term interest rates for residential real estate loans offered in the secondary market. Mortgage banking income for the third quarter of 2024 increased $0.8 million when compared to each of the prior periods and was primarily driven by higher production.
In the third quarter of 2024, Peoples sold $14.9 million in loans into the secondary market with servicing retained and $12.0 million in loans with servicing released, compared to $2.6 million and $11.8 million, respectively, in the second quarter of 2024, and $0.8 million and $9.4 million, respectively, in the third quarter of 2023. For the first nine months of 2024, Peoples sold $17.6 million in loans into the secondary market with servicing retained, and $30.8 million with servicing released, compared to $2.7 million and $22.8 million, respectively, for the first nine months of 2023.
Non-Interest Expense
Salaries and employee benefit costs remain Peoples' largest non-interest expense, accounting for over one-half of total non-interest expense. The following table details Peoples' salaries and employee benefit costs:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Base salaries and wages$24,376 $24,437 $24,152 $73,610 $71,891 
Sales-based and incentive compensation6,145 5,404 6,480 16,804 15,927 
Employee benefits4,472 4,862 4,307 13,273 12,044 
Payroll taxes and other employment costs2,162 1,825 1,949 6,821 5,854 
Stock-based compensation1,311 1,385 1,107 5,786 4,339 
Deferred personnel costs(1,381)(1,349)(1,387)(3,752)(3,394)
Salaries and employee benefit costs$37,085 $36,564 $36,608 $112,542 $106,661 
Full-time equivalent employees:  
Actual at end of period1,496 1,489 1,482 1,496 1,482 
Average during the period1,495 1,492 1,494 1,493 1,359 
Base salaries and wages for the third quarter of 2024 remained relatively flat compared to the linked quarter and to the third quarter of 2023. Base salaries and wages for the first nine months of 2024 increased compared to the first nine months of 2023 due to the additional expense associated with employees added with the Limestone Merger coupled with annual merit increases.

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Sales-based incentive compensation increased for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the linked quarter due to an increase of $0.4 million of Vantage-related incentive compensation. Sales-based incentive compensation for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 increased primarily due to additional employees added with the Limestone Merger.
The decrease in employee benefits for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the linked quarter and the increase over the third quarter of 2023 was primarily due to medical costs. The increase for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was primarily due to higher medical costs reflecting a full nine months of expenses in 2024 for the additional employees added with the Limestone Merger.
Payroll taxes and other employment costs for the third quarter of 2024 increased compared to the linked quarter due to a refund received in the second quarter of 2024 due to change in tax rate in the first quarter of 2024. The increase for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was driven by the additional employees added in the Limestone Merger coupled with annual merit increases.
Stock-based compensation is generally recognized over the vesting period, which generally ranges from immediate vesting to vesting at the end of three years. An adjustment is made at the vesting date to reverse expense relating to forfeitures for performance awards, and at the date of forfeiture to reverse expense for non-vested restricted common share awards. Stock grants to retirement eligible grantees are expensed either immediately or over a shorter period than three years. The majority of Peoples' stock-based compensation is attributable to annual equity-based incentive awards to employees, which are awarded in the first quarter of each year based upon Peoples achieving certain performance goals during the prior year, and are generally contingent on employment through the vesting period. Stock-based compensation for the first nine months of 2024 increased when compared to the first nine months of 2023 due to the additional employees added in the Limestone Merger.
Deferred personnel costs represent the portion of current period salaries and employee benefit costs considered to be direct loan origination costs. These costs are capitalized and recognized over the life of the loan as a yield adjustment in interest income. As a result, the amount of deferred personnel costs for each period corresponds directly with the volume of loan originations, coupled with the average deferred costs per loan that are updated annually at the beginning of each year. Deferred personnel costs for the third quarter of 2024 remained flat when compared to both the second quarter of 2024 and the third quarter of 2023.
Peoples' net occupancy and equipment expense was comprised of the following:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Depreciation$2,101 $2,170 $2,018 $6,442 $5,684 
Repairs and maintenance costs1,609 1,607 1,846 5,038 4,441 
Property taxes, utilities and other costs1,181 1,152 1,158 3,625 3,497 
Net rent expense1,014 1,213 479 3,225 2,214 
Net occupancy and equipment expense$5,905 $6,142 $5,501 $18,330 $15,836 
Net rent expense for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 compared to the same periods of 2023 increased due to a prior period one time benefit to rent expense recognized in the third quarter of 2023. The third quarter and the first nine months of 2024 net occupancy and equipment expense increased when compared to the same periods of 2023 due to additional net occupancy and equipment expense from the Limestone Merger.

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The following table details the other items included in total non-interest expense:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Data processing and software expense$6,111 $6,743 $6,288 $18,623 $15,578 
Professional fees2,896 2,935 3,456 8,798 13,775 
Amortization of other intangible assets2,786 2,787 3,280 8,361 7,951 
E-banking expense1,844 1,941 1,836 5,566 5,159 
FDIC insurance premiums1,241 1,251 1,260 3,678 3,525 
Other loan expenses1,178 1,036 856 3,290 2,133 
Franchise tax expense917 760 772 2,558 2,678 
Communication expense814 736 752 2,349 2,089 
Marketing expense971 681 1,267 2,708 3,554 
Other non-interest expense4,342 7,182 9,820 16,510 19,859 
Data processing and software expenses for the third quarter of 2024 decreased compared to the linked quarter due to lower costs associated with recent technology projects. The increase for the first nine months of 2024 when compared to the same period in 2023 was driven by software upgrades and implementation of new systems, coupled with the increased size of Peoples' organization as a result of the Limestone Merger.
Professional fees for the third quarter of 2024 were flat when compared to the linked quarter. Professional fees for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023 decreased due to less acquisition-related expenses.
Amortization of other intangible assets for the third quarter of 2024 was flat compared to the linked quarter and decreased $0.6 million compared to the prior year quarter due to decreases in amortization on core deposits and customer relationship intangibles. Amortization of other intangible assets for the first nine months of 2024 increased when compared to the same period of 2023 due to amortization of intangible assets recognized in the Limestone Merger.
Peoples' e-banking expense is comprised of costs associated with debit and ATM cards. E-banking expense compared to the linked quarter and the third quarter of 2023 remained relatively flat. E-banking expense increased for the first nine months of 2024 when compared to the first nine months of 2023 due to additional customers brought in from the Limestone Merger.
Peoples' FDIC insurance premiums for the third quarter of 2024 were relatively flat when compared to the linked quarter and the third quarter of 2023. FDIC insurance premiums for the first nine months of 2024 increased when compared to the first nine months of 2023 due to organic and acquisitive growth and an increase in rates assessed by the FDIC.
Other loan expenses during the third quarter of 2024 were relatively flat when compared to the linked quarter. Other loan expenses increased for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2024 when compared to the same periods of 2023 primarily due to increases in miscellaneous loan and collection expenses as a result of increased insurance costs associated with consumer indirect loans.
Marketing expense for the third quarter of 2024 increased when compared to the linked quarter due to higher advertising expense and donations. Marketing expense for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2024 decreased when compared to the same periods of 2023 due to lower acquisition-related expenses.
Peoples is subject to state franchise taxes, which are based largely on Peoples' equity, in the states where Peoples has a physical presence. Franchise tax expense also includes the Ohio Financial Institution Tax ("FIT"), which is a business privilege tax that is imposed on financial institutions organized for profit and doing business in Ohio. The Ohio FIT is based on the total equity capital in proportion to the taxpayer's gross receipts in Ohio as of the most recent year-end. The increase in franchise tax expense for the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023 was due to higher equity driven by the Limestone Merger.
Other non-interest expense for the third quarter of 2024 decreased when compared to the linked quarter primarily due to a one-time prior period true-up of corporate expenses recognized in the second quarter of 2024. Other non-interest expense for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 compared to the same periods of 2023 decreased due to a less acquisition-related expenses.

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Income Tax Expense
Peoples recorded income tax expense of $9.2 million with an effective tax rate of 22.5% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to income tax expense of $6.9 million with an effective tax rate of 19.1% for the linked quarter and income tax expense of $8.8 million with an effective tax rate of 21.7% for the third quarter of 2023. The increase in income tax expense when compared to the linked quarter was driven by a $1.1 million one-time benefit recognized in the second quarter of 2024 related to a prior year amended return and higher pre-tax income. The increase in income tax expense when compared to the third quarter of 2023 was primarily due to higher pre-tax income. Peoples recorded income tax expense of $24.3 million with an effective tax rate of 21.2% in the first nine months of 2024 and $22.1 million with an effective tax rate of 21.7% in the first nine months of 2023. The increase was driven by higher pre-tax income.
Additional information regarding income taxes can be found in "Note 13. Income Taxes" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K.
Pre-Provision Net Revenue (Non-US GAAP)
Pre-provision net revenue ("PPNR") has become a key financial measure used by state and federal bank regulatory agencies when assessing the capital adequacy of financial institutions. PPNR is defined as net interest income plus total non-interest income, excluding all gains and losses, minus total non-interest expense. As a result, PPNR represents the earnings capacity that can be either retained in order to build capital or used to absorb unexpected losses and preserve existing capital. This measure represents a Non-US GAAP financial measure since it excludes the provision for (recovery of) credit losses and all gains and losses included in earnings.
The following table provides a reconciliation of this Non-US GAAP financial measure to the amounts reported in Peoples' Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods presented:    
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Pre-provision net revenue:
Income before income taxes$40,881 $35,876 $40,729 $114,609 $101,597 
Add: provision for credit losses 6,735 5,683 4,053 18,520 13,889 
Add: loss on OREO2 — 1 2 1,623 
Add: loss on investment securities 74 353 7 428 2,108 
Add: loss on other assets764 397 283 1,470 557 
Add: loss on other transactions28 31 23 92 38 
Pre-provision net revenue$48,484 $42,340 $45,096 $135,121 $119,812 
The increase in the PPNR for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the linked quarter was driven by increased non-interest income and higher accretion income. The increase in PPNR for the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023 was due to increased net interest income driven by higher rates. The increase in PPNR for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was driven by increased non-interest income and increased net interest income driven by higher rates.
Core Non-Interest Expense (Non-US GAAP)
Core non-interest expense is a financial measure used to evaluate Peoples' recurring expense stream. This measure is Non-US GAAP since it excludes the impact of all acquisition-related expenses, pension settlement charges, and the COVID-19 employee retention credit.
The following table provides a reconciliation of this Non-US GAAP measure to the amounts reported in Peoples' Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Core non-interest expense:
Total non-interest expense$66,090 $68,758 $71,696 $203,313 $198,798 
Less: acquisition-related expenses(662)— 4,434 (746)15,694 
Less: pension settlement charges— — 2,424 — 2,424 
Add: COVID-19 Employee Retention Credit— — — — 548 
Core non-interest expense$66,752 $68,758 $64,838 $204,059 $181,228 

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Efficiency Ratio (Non-US GAAP)
The efficiency ratio is a key financial measure used to monitor performance. The efficiency ratio is calculated as total non-interest expense (less amortization of other intangible assets) as a percentage of FTE net interest income plus total non-interest income excluding net gains and losses. This measure is Non-US GAAP since it excludes amortization of other intangible assets and all gains and losses included in earnings, and uses FTE net interest income.
The following table provides a reconciliation of this Non-US GAAP financial measure to the amounts reported in Peoples' Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Efficiency ratio:
Total non-interest expense$66,090 $68,758 $71,696 $203,313 $198,798 
Less: amortization of other intangible assets2,786 2,787 3,280 8,361 7,951 
Adjusted total non-interest expense63,304 65,971 68,416 194,952 190,847 
Total non-interest income24,794 23,704 23,204 74,277 63,279 
Less: net loss on investment securities(74)(353)(7)(428)(2,108)
Less: net loss on asset disposals and other transactions(795)(428)(307)(1,564)(2,218)
Total non-interest income excluding net losses25,663 24,485 23,518 76,269 67,605 
Net interest income88,912 86,613 93,274 262,165 251,005 
Add: FTE adjustment (a)318 352 391 1,022 1,140 
Net interest income on an FTE basis89,230 86,965 93,665 263,187 252,145 
Adjusted revenue$114,893 $111,450 $117,183 $339,456 $319,750 
Efficiency ratio55.10 %59.19 %58.38 %57.43 %59.69 %
Efficiency ratio adjusted for non-core items:
Core non-interest expense$66,752 $68,758 $64,838 $204,059 $181,228 
Less: amortization of other intangible assets2,786 2,787 3,280 8,361 7,951 
Adjusted core non-interest expense63,966 65,971 61,558 195,698 173,277 
Non-interest income excluding net losses25,663 24,485 23,518 76,269 67,605 
Net interest income on an FTE basis89,230 86,965 93,665 263,187 252,145 
Adjusted revenue$114,893 $111,450 $117,183 $339,456 $319,750 
Efficiency ratio adjusted for non-core items55.67 %59.19 %52.53 %57.65 %54.19 %
(a) Interest income and yields are presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis, using a 21% statutory federal corporate income tax rate.
The efficiency ratio and the adjusted for non-core items efficiency ratio improved compared to the linked quarter improved mainly as the result of a reduction in non-interest expense and increase in net interest income. The efficiency ratio improved compared to the prior year first nine months due to the decrease in acquisition-related expenses. The efficiency ratio, adjusted for non-core items, was 57.7% for the first nine months of 2024, compared to 54.2% for the first nine months of 2023. The increase in the efficiency ratio, adjusted for non-core items, for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was due to higher non-interest expense. Peoples continues to focus on controlling expenses, while recognizing necessary costs in order to continue growing the business.
Return on Average Assets Adjusted for Non-Core Items Ratio (Non-US GAAP)
In addition to return on average assets, management uses return on average assets adjusted for non-core items to monitor performance. The return on average assets adjusted for non-core items ratio represents a Non-US GAAP financial measure since it excludes the after-tax impact of all gains and losses and acquisition-related expenses.

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The following table provides a reconciliation of this Non-US GAAP financial measure to the amounts reported in Peoples' Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Annualized net income adjusted for non-core items:
Net income
$31,684 $29,007 $31,882 $90,275 $79,538 
Add: net loss on investment securities
74 353 7 428 2,108 
Less: tax effect of net loss on investment securities (a)
16 74 2 90 443 
Add: net loss on asset disposals and other transactions
795 428 307 1,564 2,218 
Less: tax effect of net loss on asset disposals and other transactions (a)
167 90 65 328 466 
Add: acquisition-related expenses
(662)— 4,434 (746)15,694 
Less: tax effect of acquisition-related expenses (a)
(139)— 931 (157)3,296 
Add: pension settlement charges
— — 2,424 — 2,424 
Less: tax effect of pension settlement charges (a)
— — 509 — 509 
Less: COVID-19 Employee Retention Credit— — — — 548 
Add: tax effect of COVID-19 Employee Retention Credit (a)— — — — 115 
Net income adjusted for non-core items (after tax)
$31,847 $29,624 $37,547 $91,260 $96,835 
Days in the period92 91 92 274 273 
Days in the year366 366 365 366 365 
Annualized net income
$126,047 $116,666 $126,488 $120,586 $106,342 
Annualized net income adjusted for non-core items (after tax)
$126,696 $119,147 $148,964 $121,902 $129,468 
Return on average assets:
Annualized net income
$126,047 $116,666 $126,488 $120,586 $106,342 
Total average assets9,142,737 9,180,454 8,806,409 9,115,049 8,120,885 
Return on average assets
1.38 %1.27 %1.44 %1.32 %1.31 %
Return on average assets adjusted for non-core items:
Annualized net income adjusted for non-core items (after tax)
$126,696 $119,147 $148,964 $121,902 $129,468 
Total average assets
9,142,737 9,180,454 8,806,409 9,115,049 8,120,885 
Return on average assets adjusted for non-core items (after tax)
1.39 %1.30 %1.69 %1.34 %1.59 %
(a) Based on a 21% statutory federal corporate income tax rate.
The return on average assets and the return on average assets adjusted for non-core items for the third quarter of 2024 increased when compared to the linked quarter, due to an increase in annualized net income resulting from higher non-interest income and a decrease in average assets. The decrease in the return on average assets adjusted for non-core items for the third quarter of 2024, compared to the third quarter of 2023, was attributable to the assets acquired in the Limestone Merger. The decrease in return on average assets adjusted for non-core items for the first nine months of 2024 when compared to the first nine months of 2023, was primarily driven by the assets acquired in the Limestone Merger.
Return on Average Tangible Equity Ratio (Non-US GAAP)
The return on average tangible equity ratio is a key financial measure used to monitor performance. This ratio is calculated as annualized net income (less the after-tax impact of amortization of other intangible assets) divided by average tangible equity. This

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measure is Non-US GAAP since it excludes amortization of other intangible assets from earnings and the impact of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired through acquisitions on total stockholders' equity.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		September 30,
2023		September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20242023
Annualized net income excluding amortization of other intangible assets:
Net income
$31,684 $29,007 $31,882 $90,275 $79,538 
Add: amortization of other intangible assets
2,786 2,787 3,280 8,361 7,951 
Less: tax effect of amortization of other intangible assets (a)
585 585 689 1,756 1,670 
Net income excluding amortization of other intangible assets
$33,885 $31,209 $34,473 $96,880 $85,819 
Days in the period
92 91 92 274 273 
Days in the year
366 366 365 366 365 
Annualized net income
$126,047 $116,666 $126,488 $120,586 $106,342 
Annualized net income excluding amortization of other intangible assets
$134,803 $125,522 $136,768 $129,409 $114,740 
Average tangible equity:
Total average stockholders' equity
$1,099,756 $1,061,454 $1,004,858 $1,071,434 $919,998 
Less: average goodwill and other intangible assets
405,022 407,864 411,229 407,858 374,924 
Average tangible equity
$694,734 $653,590 $593,629 $663,576 $545,074 
Return on total average stockholders' equity ratio:
Annualized net income
$126,047 $116,666 $126,488 $120,586 $106,342 
Total average stockholders' equity
$1,099,756 $1,061,454 $1,004,858 $1,071,434 $919,998 
Return on total average stockholders' equity
11.46 %10.99 %12.59 %11.25 %11.56 %
Return on average tangible equity ratio:
Annualized net income excluding amortization of other intangible assets
$134,803 $125,522 $136,768 $129,409 $114,740 
Average tangible equity
$694,734 $653,590 $593,629 $663,576 $545,074 
Return on average tangible equity
19.40 %19.21 %23.04 %19.50 %21.05 %
(a) Based on a 21% statutory federal corporate income tax rate.
The return on total average stockholders' equity and average tangible equity ratios increased when compared to the linked quarter due to an increase in annualized net income mainly attributable to an increase in net interest income. The decreases in the return on total average stockholders' equity and average tangible equity ratios for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 compared to the same periods of 2023 were driven by higher average stockholders' equity.

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FINANCIAL CONDITION
Cash and Cash Equivalents
At September 30, 2024, Peoples' interest-bearing deposits in other banks had decreased $170.6 million from December 31, 2023. The total cash and cash equivalents balance included $137.6 million of excess cash reserves being maintained at the FRB of Cleveland at September 30, 2024, compared to $309.8 million at December 31, 2023. The amount of excess cash reserves maintained is dependent upon Peoples' daily liquidity position, which is driven primarily by changes in deposit and loan balances.
Through the first nine months of 2024, Peoples' total cash and cash equivalents decreased $143.0 million, which reflected cash outflows of $126.6 million for investing activities and $119.6 million for financing activities, partially offset by cash inflows of $103.2 million from operating activities. Peoples' use of cash in investing activities reflected a $108.1 million net increase in loans held for investment and a net cash outflow from held-to-maturity investment securities of $9.9 million. The cash provided by financing activities was largely driven by a $445.0 million net increase in interest-bearing deposits, mostly offset by a net decrease in short-term borrowings of $425.2 million and a net decrease in non-interest bearing deposits of $114.2 million.
Further information regarding the management of Peoples' liquidity position can be found later in this discussion under “Interest Rate Sensitivity and Liquidity.”
Investment Securities
The following table provides information regarding Peoples’ investment portfolio:
(Dollars in thousands)Weighted Average YieldSeptember 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value:    
Obligations of:     
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
3.70 %$27,961 $28,343 $28,773 $30,296 $42,466 
U.S. government sponsored agencies3.40 %174,708 230,916 200,460 118,607 103,932 
States and political subdivisions3.14 %206,779 202,804 208,750 213,296 220,460 
Residential mortgage-backed securities2.72 %607,726 601,002 621,691 628,924 593,104 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities2.26 %57,437 50,035 50,791 51,234 50,840 
Bank-issued trust preferred securities3.95 %6,056 6,039 6,001 5,965 7,779 
Total fair value$1,080,667 $1,119,139 $1,116,466 $1,048,322 $1,018,581 
Total amortized cost$1,189,792 $1,266,060 $1,262,319 $1,184,288 $1,211,794 
Net unrealized loss$(109,125)$(146,921)$(145,853)$(135,966)$(193,213)
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost:
Obligations of:
U.S. government sponsored agencies4.90 %$196,642 $212,023 $188,423 $188,475 $174,699 
States and political subdivisions (a)2.97 %141,918 144,134 144,315 144,258 144,490 
Residential mortgage-backed securities3.54 %256,329 246,283 246,579 248,559 248,627 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities2.73 %98,984 99,782 100,427 102,365 107,593 
Total amortized cost$693,873 $702,222 $679,744 $683,657 $675,409 
Other investment securities$55,691 $62,742 $62,939 $63,421 $66,332 
Total investment securities:
Amortized cost$1,939,356 $2,031,024 $2,005,002 $1,931,366 $1,953,535 
Carrying value$1,830,231 $1,884,103 $1,859,149 $1,795,400 $1,760,322 
(a)Amortized cost is presented net of the allowance for credit losses of $236 at September 30, 2024 and $238 at both June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.
For the third quarter of 2024, total investment securities decreased compared to prior periods due to maturities and calls on securities during the quarter. During the fourth quarter of 2023, Peoples executed the sales of $36.5 million of lower yielding available-for-sale investment securities for an after-tax loss of $1.3 million. Proceeds from the sales were used to purchase higher yielding agency investment securities. The realized losses recognized due to the fourth quarter of 2023 sales are expected to be earned back within 14 months of the transaction dates.
Additional information regarding Peoples' investment portfolio can be found in "Note 3 Investment Securities" of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Loans and Leases
The following table provides information regarding outstanding loan balances:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Originated loans and leases:
     
Construction
$265,073 $291,240 $262,209 $279,335 $289,657 
Commercial real estate, other
1,283,903 1,240,069 1,263,577 1,209,204 1,161,064 
     Commercial real estate
1,548,976 1,531,309 1,525,786 1,488,539 1,450,721 
Commercial and industrial
1,047,001 1,032,753 972,191 938,659 860,407 
Premium finance286,983 293,349 238,962 203,177 189,251 
Leases401,573 390,160 373,626 357,217 328,365 
Residential real estate
441,730 441,293 420,518 418,570 405,917 
Home equity lines of credit
180,737 172,766 164,019 148,155 140,787 
Consumer, indirect
677,056 675,054 650,228 666,472 668,371 
Consumer, direct
101,026 100,836 99,022 112,292 114,160 
    Consumer
778,082 775,890 749,250 778,764 782,531 
Deposit account overdrafts
1,205 1,067 1,306 986 857 
Total originated loans and leases
$4,686,287 $4,638,587 $4,445,658 $4,334,067 $4,158,836 
Acquired loans and leases (a):
Construction
$55,021 $49,361 $52,478 $84,684 $84,359 
Commercial real estate, other
896,588 955,910 980,203 987,753 1,028,920 
     Commercial real estate
951,609 1,005,271 1,032,681 1,072,437 1,113,279 
Commercial and industrial
203,151 225,310 242,424 246,327 268,402 
Leases31,436 40,491 49,068 56,843 74,270 
Residential real estate
335,812 348,051 361,370 372,525 386,048 
Home equity lines of credit
52,372 54,842 57,060 60,520 63,153 
Consumer, direct
11,172 12,819 14,566 16,477 20,402 
Total acquired loans and leases
$1,585,552 $1,686,784 $1,757,169 $1,825,129 $1,925,554 
Total loans and leases
$6,271,839 $6,325,371 $6,202,827 $6,159,196 $6,084,390 
Percent of loans and leases to total loans and leases:
 
Construction
5.1 %5.4 %5.1 %5.9 %6.1 %
Commercial real estate, other
34.8 %34.7 %36.2 %35.7 %36.0 %
     Commercial real estate
39.9 %40.1 %41.3 %41.6 %42.1 %
Commercial and industrial
19.9 %19.9 %19.6 %19.2 %18.6 %
Premium finance4.6 %4.6 %3.8 %3.3 %3.1 %
Leases6.9 %6.8 %6.8 %6.7 %6.6 %
Residential real estate
12.4 %12.5 %12.6 %12.9 %13.0 %
Home equity lines of credit
3.7 %3.6 %3.6 %3.4 %3.4 %
Consumer, indirect
10.8 %10.7 %10.5 %10.8 %11.0 %
Consumer, direct
1.8 %1.8 %1.8 %2.1 %2.2 %
    Consumer
12.6 %12.5 %12.3 %12.9 %13.2 %
Total percentage
100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
Residential real estate loans being serviced for others
$347,719 $341,298 $348,937 $356,784 $366,996 
(a)    Includes all loans acquired, and related loan discount recorded as part of acquisition accounting, in 2012 or thereafter. Loans that were acquired and subsequently re-underwritten are reported as originated upon execution of such credit actions (for example, renewals and increases in lines of credit).
The period-end total loan and lease balances at September 30, 2024 decreased $53.5 million, or 3% annualized, compared to at June 30, 2024. The decrease in the period-end loan and lease balance at September 30, 2024 compared to June 30, 2024 was primarily driven by decreases of (i) $20.5 million in construction loans, (ii) $15.5 million in other commercial real estate loans (iii) $11.8 million of residential real estate loans, (iv) and $7.9 million in commercial and industrial loans. The increase in the period-end loan and lease balances at September 30, 2024 compared to at September 30, 2023 was primarily driven by loan growth for commercial and industrial and premium finance loans.


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Loan Concentration
Peoples categorizes its commercial loans according to standard industry classifications and monitors for concentrations in a single industry or multiple industries that could be impacted by changes in economic conditions in a similar manner. Peoples' commercial lending activities continue to be spread over a diverse range of businesses from all sectors of the economy, with no single industry comprising over 10% of Peoples' total loan portfolio.
Loans secured by commercial real estate, including commercial construction loans, continued to comprise the largest portion of Peoples' loan portfolio at September 30, 2024. The following tables provide information regarding the largest concentrations of commercial construction loans and other commercial real estate loans within the loan portfolio at September 30, 2024:
(Dollars in thousands)Outstanding BalanceLoan CommitmentsTotal Exposure% of Total
Construction:    
Apartment complexes$193,984 $268,700 $462,684 67.4 %
Residential property26,869 21,619 48,488 7.0 %
Land development32,080 10,966 43,046 6.3 %
Land only15,246 17,267 32,513 4.7 %
Assisted living facilities and nursing homes7,461 21,105 28,566 4.2 %
Lodging and lodging related6,614 9,654 16,268 2.4 %
Student housing13,380 1,620 15,000 2.2 %
Other (a)24,460 15,170 39,630 5.8 %
Total construction$320,094 $366,101 $686,195 100.0 %
(a) All other total exposures by industry are less than 2% of the Total Exposure.

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(Dollars in thousands)Outstanding BalanceLoan CommitmentsTotal Exposure% of Total
Commercial real estate, other:    
Apartment complexes$359,371 $3,289 $362,660 16.2 %
Retail facilities:
Owner occupied$42,988 $1,527 $44,515 2.0 %
Non-owner occupied213,449 517 213,966 9.5 %
Total retail facilities$256,437 $2,044 $258,481 11.5 %
Light industrial facilities: 
Owner occupied$144,577 $6,574 $151,151 6.7 %
Non-owner occupied95,207 3,429 98,636 4.4 %
Total light industrial facilities$239,784 $10,003 $249,787 11.1 %
Office buildings and complexes:  
Owner occupied$76,328 $2,434 $78,762 3.5 %
Non-owner occupied122,198 5,253 127,451 5.7 %
Total office buildings and complexes$198,526 $7,687 $206,213 9.2 %
Lodging and lodging related:
Owner occupied$29,808 $— $29,808 1.3 %
Non-owner occupied122,803 1 122,804 5.5 %
Total lodging and lodging related$152,611 $1 $152,612 6.8 %
Assisted living facilities and nursing homes$131,865 $1,107 $132,972 6.0 %
Warehouse facilities:
Owner occupied$40,287 $398 $40,685 1.8 %
Non-owner occupied35,937 219 36,156 1.6 %
Total warehouse facilities$76,224 $617 $76,841 3.4 %
Restaurant/bar facilities:
Owner occupied$38,185 $— $38,185 1.7 %
Non-owner occupied32,407 — 32,407 1.4 %
Total restaurant/bar facilities$70,592 $— $70,592 3.1 %
Mixed-use facilities:
Owner occupied$37,060 $1,171 $38,231 1.7 %
Non-owner occupied27,448 1,523 28,971 1.3 %
Total mixed-use facilities$64,508 $2,694 $67,202 3.0 %
Healthcare facilities:
Owner occupied$39,810 $198 $40,008 1.8 %
Non-owner occupied15,495 783 16,278 0.7 %
Total healthcare facilities$55,305 $981 $56,286 2.5 %
Other (a)575,268 32,782 608,050 27.2 %
Total commercial real estate, other$2,180,491 $61,205 $2,241,696 100.0 %
(a) All other total exposures by industry are less than 2% of the Total Exposure.
Peoples' commercial lending activities continue to focus on lending opportunities within Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia, Washington, D.C. and Maryland. For all other states, the aggregate outstanding balances of commercial loans in each state were less than 3% of total loans at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The repayment of premium finance loans is secured by the underlying insurance policy prepaid premium, and therefore, has no geographical impact from a repayment perspective. The repayment of leases is secured by the underlying equipment collateral and not real estate, which mitigates geographic risk.








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Allowance for Credit Losses
The amount of the allowance for credit losses at the end of each period represents management's estimate of expected losses from existing loans based upon its quarterly analysis of the loan portfolio. While this process involves allocations being made to specific loans and pools of loans, the entire allowance is available for all losses expected within the loan portfolio.
The following details management's allocation of the allowance for credit losses:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Construction$854 $673 $701 $699 $1,241 
Commercial real estate, other17,239 19,852 21,788 20,915 21,257 
Commercial and industrial11,592 10,943 10,581 10,490 10,205 
Premium finance711 763 607 484 476 
Leases16,970 15,218 12,889 10,850 11,692 
Residential real estate6,058 5,939 5,866 5,937 6,251 
Home equity lines of credit1,804 1,737 1,689 1,588 1,640 
Consumer, indirect8,924 8,654 8,301 8,590 7,516 
Consumer, direct2,370 2,332 2,279 2,343 2,519 
Deposit account overdrafts117 136 121 115 127 
Allowance for credit losses$66,639 $66,247 $64,822 $62,011 $62,924 
As a percent of total loans1.06 %1.05 %1.05 %1.01 %1.03 %
The increase in the allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2024 compared to June 30, 2024 was primarily due to an increase in reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases. The increase in the allowance balance at September 30, 2024 when compared to September 30, 2023 was driven by increase in reserves for individually analyzed loans and leases and loan growth.
Additional information regarding Peoples' allowance for credit losses can be found in "Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K and "Note 4 Loans and Leases" of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

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The following table summarizes Peoples’ net charge-offs and recoveries:
Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Gross charge-offs:  
Commercial real estate, other— — 212 296 278 
Commercial and industrial259 56 235 640 199 
Premium finance37 55 54 43 33 
Leases3,753 2,377 1,270 2,019 905 
Residential real estate— 64 80 20 50 
Home equity lines of credit2 9 — 4 32 
Consumer, indirect1,820 1,567 1,461 1,234 926 
Consumer, direct162 141 226 142 92 
    Consumer1,982 1,708 1,687 1,376 1,018 
Deposit account overdrafts558 338 336 352 319 
Total gross charge-offs$6,591 $4,607 $3,874 $4,750 $2,834 
Recoveries: 
Commercial real estate, other$100 $(80)$83 $825 $97 
Commercial and industrial1 10 7 98 3 
Premium finance4 4 8 — 12 
Leases56 173 212 25 168 
Residential real estate58 68 83 67 27 
Home equity lines of credit— — 7 1 — 
Consumer, indirect186 117 71 130 149 
Consumer, direct19 15 9 12 11 
    Consumer205 132 80 142 160 
Deposit account overdrafts83 67 74 103 49 
Total recoveries$507 $374 $554 $1,261 $516 
Net charge-offs (recoveries): 
Construction$— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate, other(100)80 129 (529)181 
Commercial and industrial258 46 228 542 196 
Premium finance33 51 46 43 21 
Leases3,697 2,204 1,058 1,994 737 
Residential real estate(58)(4)(3)(47)23 
Home equity lines of credit2 9 (7)3 32 
Consumer, indirect1,634 1,450 1,390 1,104 777 
Consumer, direct143 126 217 130 81 
    Consumer1,777 1,576 1,607 1,234 858 
Deposit account overdrafts475 271 262 249 270 
Total net charge-offs $6,084 $4,233 $3,320 $3,489 $2,318 
Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average total loans (annualized):
Construction— %— %— %— %— %
Commercial real estate, other(0.01)%0.01 %0.01 %(0.03)%0.01 %
Commercial and industrial0.02 %— %0.02 %0.03 %0.01 %
Premium finance— %— %— %— %— %
Leases0.23 %0.14 %0.07 %0.13 %0.05 %
Residential real estate— %— %— %— %— %
Home equity lines of credit— %— %— %— %— %
Consumer, indirect0.10 %0.09 %0.09 %0.07 %0.05 %
Consumer, direct0.01 %0.01 %0.01 %0.01 %0.01 %
    Consumer0.11 %0.10 %0.10 %0.08 %0.06 %
Deposit account overdrafts0.03 %0.02 %0.02 %0.02 %0.02 %
Total0.38 %0.27 %0.22 %0.23 %0.15 %

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Each with "--%" not meaningful.
Total net charge-offs during the third quarter of 2024 were $6.1 million, or 0.38% of average total loans on an annualized basis, compared to $4.2 million, or 0.27% of average total loans on an annualized basis, during the linked quarter and $2.3 million, or 0.15% of average total loans on an annualized basis, during the third quarter of 2023. The increase for the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the linked quarter was driven by an increase in net charge-offs on leases originated by our North Star Leasing division. The increase in net charge-offs during the third quarter of 2024 versus the prior year third quarter was primarily attributable to an increase in charge-offs on leases originated by our North Star Leasing division and indirect consumer loans.

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The following table details Peoples’ nonperforming assets: 
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Loans 90+ days past due and accruing:     
Commercial real estate, other$3,838 $106 $231 $78 $487 
Commercial and industrial413 208 10 316 67 
Premium finance7,771 2,546 2,208 1,355 1,581 
Leases12,675 3,193 4,070 3,826 6,007 
Residential real estate2,442 1,209 780 877 736 
Home equity lines of credit292 230 181 171 177 
Consumer, indirect46 67 134 68 47 
Consumer, direct101 33 48 25 15 
   Consumer147 100 182 93 62 
Total loans 90+ days past due and accruing$27,578 $7,592 $7,662 $6,716 $9,117 
Nonaccrual loans: 
Commercial real estate, other4,416 4,833 3,773 2,816 3,661 
Commercial and industrial7,008 6,030 6,205 2,758 3,116 
Leases12,428 11,849 10,136 8,436 7,929 
Residential real estate6,658 7,078 7,450 7,921 8,454 
Home equity lines of credit1,461 1,454 1,134 1,022 1,026 
Consumer, indirect2,726 2,261 2,506 2,412 1,904 
Consumer, direct110 164 157 112 97 
   Consumer2,836 2,425 2,663 2,524 2,001 
Total nonaccrual loans$34,807 $33,669 $31,361 $25,477 $26,187 
Total nonperforming loans ("NPLs")$62,385 $41,261 $39,023 $32,193 $35,304 
OREO: 
Commercial$7,118 $7,118 $7,118 $7,118 $7,118 
Residential279 291 120 56 56 
Total OREO$7,397 $7,409 $7,238 $7,174 $7,174 
Total nonperforming assets ("NPAs")$69,782 $48,670 $46,261 $39,367 $42,478 
Criticized loans (a)$237,627 $239,943 $256,565 $235,239 $213,156 
Classified loans (b)$133,241 $120,180 $147,518 $120,027 $124,836 
Asset Quality Ratios (c):
Nonaccrual loans as a percent of total loans0.55 %0.53 %0.51 %0.41 %0.43 %
NPLs as a percent of total loans (d)0.99 %0.65 %0.63 %0.52 %0.58 %
NPAs as a percent of total assets (d)0.76 %0.53 %0.50 %0.43 %0.48 %
NPAs as a percent of total loans and OREO (d)1.11 %0.77 %0.74 %0.64 %0.70 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percent of nonaccrual loans191.45 %196.76 %206.70 %245.79 %240.29 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percent of NPLs (d)106.82 %160.56 %166.11 %194.38 %178.23 %
Criticized loans as a percent of total loans (a)3.79 %3.79 %4.14 %3.82 %3.50 %
Classified loans as a percent of total loans (b)2.12 %1.90 %2.38 %1.95 %2.05 %
(a)    Includes loans categorized as special mention, substandard or doubtful.
(b)    Includes loans categorized as substandard or doubtful.
(c)    Data presented as of the end of the period indicated.
(d)    NPLs include loans 90+ days past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans. NPAs include nonperforming loans and OREO.

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Compared to at June 30, 2024, Peoples' NPAs increased from 0.53% of total assets to 0.76% at September 30, 2024. Total loans 90+ days past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans in total increased at September 30, 2024 compared to at June 30, 2024 due primarily to increases in nonperforming leases. Total loans 90+ days past due increased from $7.6 million at June 30,2024 to $27.6 million at September 30, 2024, and were impacted by increases in leases, premium finance loans, and other commercial real estate loans. The increase in loans 90+ days past due is driven by higher administrative delinquencies on Vantage leases and premium finance loans. During the third quarter of 2024, criticized loans decreased $2.3 million, while classified loans increased $13.1 million when compared to at June 30, 2024. The decrease in the amounts of criticized loans compared to at June 30, 2024 was primarily driven by paydowns and upgrades of the risk rating. The increase in the amount of classified loans compared to at June 30, 2024 was primarily due to downgrades in the risk rating from newly reported loans. The increase in NPAs compared to at December 31, 2023, was primarily driven by increases of nonaccrual leases originated by our North Star Leasing division, commercial and industrial loans, and other commercial real estate loans. The increase in NPAs compared to at September 30, 2023, was impacted by the increase in nonaccrual leases originated by our North Star Leasing division and an increase in loans past due and accruing.
Deposits
The following table details Peoples’ deposit balances:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Non-interest-bearing deposits (a)$1,453,441 $1,472,697 $1,468,363 $1,567,649 $1,569,095 
Interest-bearing deposits: 
Interest-bearing demand accounts (a)1,065,912 1,083,512 1,107,712 1,144,357 1,181,079 
Savings accounts864,935 880,542 901,493 919,244 987,170 
Retail CDs 1,884,139 1,812,874 1,680,413 1,443,417 1,198,733 
Money market deposit accounts894,690 869,159 859,961 775,488 730,902 
Governmental deposit accounts824,136 766,337 825,170 726,713 761,625 
Brokered CDs495,904 412,653 483,444 575,429 608,914 
Total interest-bearing deposits6,029,716 5,825,077 5,858,193 5,584,648 5,468,423 
  Total deposits$7,483,157 $7,297,774 $7,326,556 $7,152,297 $7,037,518 
Demand deposits as a percent of total deposits34 %35 %35 %38 %39 %
(a)The sum of amounts presented is considered total demand deposits.
At September 30, 2024, period-end total deposits increased $185.4 million, or 3%, compared to at June 30, 2024, primarily driven by increases of (i) $83.3 million in brokered certificates of deposit, (ii) $71.3 million in retail certificates of deposit, and (iii) $57.8 million in governmental deposit accounts, partially offset by a decrease of $19.3 million in non-interest bearing deposits. The increase in retail certificates of deposits was due to current specials being offered, while the increase in governmental deposit accounts was due to the seasonality of those balances. The increase in brokered deposits was due to the lower-cost of funding available compared to Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advances.
At September 30, 2024, period-end total deposits increased $445.6 million, or 6%, compared to at September 30, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by increases of $685.4 million in retail certificates of deposit, $163.8 million in money market deposit accounts, and $62.5 million in governmental deposit accounts, offset by decreases of $122.2 million, $115.7 million, $115.2 million, and $113.0 million in savings accounts, non-interest bearing deposits, interest-bearing demand deposit accounts and brokered certificates of deposit, respectively. The increase in retail certificates of deposits was driven by current promotions being offered. Given the rate environment, there has been a mix shift in the deposit portfolio over the last twelve months.
As part of its funding strategy, Peoples hedges 90-day brokered CDs with interest rate swaps. The interest rate swaps pay a fixed rate of interest while receiving a floating rate component of interest tied to term SOFR, which offsets the rate on the brokered CDs. As of September 30, 2024, Peoples had 9 effective interest rate swaps, with an aggregate notional value of $85.0 million, which were designated as cash flow hedges. Peoples continually evaluates the overall balance sheet position given the interest rate environment.

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Borrowed Funds
The following table details Peoples’ short-term borrowings and long-term borrowings:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Short-term borrowings:
     
FHLB Overnight borrowings
$— $295,000 $260,192 $369,000 $484,000 
Retail repurchase agreements
12,945 24,733 90,304 99,121 101,437 
Bank Term Funding Program ("BTFP")163,000 163,000 163,000 133,000 — 
Total short-term borrowings
$175,945 $482,733 $513,496 $601,121 $585,437 
Long-term borrowings:
 
FHLB advances
$132,157 $132,524 $132,683 $112,865 $83,247 
Vantage non-recourse debt
50,059 47,393 49,529 49,572 41,783 
Other long-term borrowings
54,608 54,340 54,071 53,804 48,282 
Total long-term borrowings
$236,824 $234,257 $236,283 $216,241 $173,312 
Total borrowed funds
$412,769 $716,990 $749,779 $817,362 $758,749 
Total borrowed funds, which include overnight borrowings, are mainly a function of loan growth and changes in total deposit balances. Other long-term borrowings include trust preferred securities held for investments and floating rate junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures. Total borrowed funds at September 30, 2024 decreased compared to at June 30, 2024 and at September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower FHLB overnight borrowings.
Capital/Stockholders’ Equity
At September 30, 2024, capital levels for both Peoples and Peoples Bank remained substantially higher than the minimum amounts needed to be considered "well capitalized" institutions under applicable banking regulations. These higher capital levels reflect Peoples' desire to maintain a strong capital position. In order to avoid limitations on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation, Peoples must exceed the three minimum required ratios by at least the capital conservation buffer of 2.50%, which applies to the common equity tier 1 ("CET1") ratio, the tier 1 capital ratio and the total risk-based capital ratio. At September 30, 2024, Peoples had a capital conservation buffer of 5.49%.
The following table details Peoples' risk-based capital levels and corresponding ratios:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Capital Amounts:     
Common Equity Tier 1$821,192 $799,710 $780,017 $766,691 $752,728 
Tier 1875,800 854,050 834,089 820,495 801,010 
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2)938,474 916,073 894,662 873,225 855,054 
Net risk-weighted assets$6,958,225 $6,814,149 $6,674,114 $6,524,577 $6,505,779 
Capital Ratios:
Common Equity Tier 111.80 %11.74 %11.69 %11.75 %11.57 %
Tier 112.59 %12.53 %12.50 %12.58 %12.31 %
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2)13.49 %13.44 %13.40 %13.38 %13.14 %
Tier 1 leverage ratio9.86 %9.56 %9.43 %9.57 %9.34 %
Peoples' risk-based capital ratios at September 30, 2024 increased when compared to June 30, 2024, due to net income during the quarter, partially offset by dividends paid. Compared to at September 30, 2023, the tier 1 risk-based capital and the total risk-based capital ratios improved due to higher net income, partially offset by dividends paid. The common equity tier 1 risk-based capital ratio at September 30, 2024 also increased compared to at September 30, 2023 due to higher net income.
In addition to traditional capital measurements, management uses tangible capital measures to evaluate the adequacy of Peoples' stockholders' equity. Such ratios represent Non-US GAAP financial measures since their calculation removes the impact of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired through acquisitions on amounts reported in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. Management believes this information is useful to investors since it facilitates the comparison of Peoples' operating performance, financial condition and trends to peers, especially those without a similar level of intangible assets to that of Peoples. Further, intangible assets generally are difficult to convert into cash, especially during a financial crisis, and could decrease substantially in

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value should there be deterioration in the overall franchise value. As a result, tangible equity represents a conservative measure of the capacity for Peoples to incur losses but remain solvent.
The following table reconciles the calculation of these Non-US GAAP financial measures to amounts reported in Peoples' Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Tangible equity:     
Total stockholders' equity
$1,124,972 $1,077,833 $1,062,002 $1,053,534 $993,219 
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets
403,922 406,417 409,285 412,172 408,494 
Tangible equity
$721,050 $671,416 $652,717 $641,362 $584,725 
Tangible assets:
 
Total assets
$9,140,471 $9,226,461 $9,270,774 $9,157,382 $8,942,534 
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets
403,922 406,417 409,285 412,172 408,494 
Tangible assets
$8,736,549 $8,820,044 $8,861,489 $8,745,210 $8,534,040 
Tangible book value per common share: 
Tangible equity
$721,050 $671,416 $652,717 $641,362 $584,725 
Common shares outstanding
35,538,607 35,498,977 35,486,234 35,314,745 35,395,990 
Tangible book value per common share
$20.29 $18.91 $18.39 $18.16 $16.52 
Tangible equity to tangible assets ratio:
Tangible equity
$721,050 $671,416 $652,717 $641,362 $584,725 
Tangible assets
$8,736,549 $8,820,044 $8,861,489 $8,745,210 $8,534,040 
Tangible equity to tangible assets
8.25 %7.61 %7.37 %7.33 %6.85 %
Tangible book value per common share increased to $20.29 at September 30, 2024 compared to $18.91 at June 30, 2024. The change in tangible book value per common share was due to tangible equity increasing during the third quarter of 2024 primarily due to net income and a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss over the last three months. Tangible book value per common share at September 30, 2024 increased compared to at September 30, 2023 primarily due to net income over the last twelve months.
Interest Rate Sensitivity and Liquidity
While Peoples is exposed to various business risks, the risks relating to interest rate sensitivity and liquidity are major risks that can materially impact future results of operations and financial condition due to their complexity and dynamic nature. The objective of Peoples' asset-liability management function is to measure and manage these risks in order to optimize net interest income within the constraints of prudent capital adequacy, liquidity and safety. This objective requires Peoples to focus on interest rate risk exposure and adequate liquidity through its management of the mix of assets and liabilities, their related cash flows and the rates earned and paid on those assets and liabilities. Ultimately, the asset-liability management function is intended to guide management in the acquisition and disposition of earning assets and selection of appropriate funding sources.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk ("IRR") is one of the most significant risks arising in the normal course of business of financial services companies like Peoples. IRR is the potential for economic loss due to future interest rate changes that can impact the earnings stream, as well as market values, of financial assets and financial liabilities. Peoples' exposure to IRR is due primarily to differences in the maturity or repricing of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. In addition, other factors, such as prepayments of loans and investment securities, or early withdrawal of deposits, can affect Peoples' exposure to IRR and impact interest costs or revenue streams.
Peoples has assigned overall management of IRR to its Asset-Liability Committee (the “ALCO”), which has established an IRR management policy that sets minimum requirements and guidelines for monitoring and managing the level of IRR, including the review of assumptions used in modeling IRR.

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The following table shows the estimated changes in net interest income and the economic value of equity based upon a standard, parallel shock analysis with balances held constant (dollars in thousands):
 
Increase (Decrease) in Interest RateEstimated Increase (Decrease) in
Net Interest Income		Estimated (Decrease) Increase in Economic Value of Equity
(in Basis Points)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
300$24,025 7.2 %$15,063 4.6 %$(53,947)(3.2)%$(157,625)(9.4)%
20016,598 5.0 %10,282 3.1 %(32,181)(1.9)%(107,620)(6.4)%
1008,502 2.5 %5,468 1.7 %(14,874)(0.9)%(53,585)(3.2)%
(100)(9,491)(2.8)%(7,427)(2.3)%(6,260)(0.4)%31,722 1.9 %
(200)(16,509)(4.9)%(15,446)(4.7)%(37,417)(2.2)%46,537 2.8 %
(300)(12,492)(3.7)%(16,822)(5.1)%(98,666)(5.9)%47,198 2.8 %
This table uses a standard, parallel shock analysis for assessing the IRR to net interest income and the economic value of equity. A parallel shock assumes all points on the yield curve (one year, two year, three year, etc.) are directionally changed by the same degree. Management regularly assesses the impact of both increasing and decreasing interest rates. The table above shows the impact of upward and downward parallel shocks of 100, 200 and 300 basis points.
Estimated changes in net interest income and the economic value of equity are partially driven by assumptions regarding the rate at which non-maturity deposits will reprice given a move in short-term interest rates, as well as assumptions regarding prepayment speeds on mortgage-backed securities. These and other modeling assumptions are monitored closely by Peoples on an ongoing basis.
While parallel interest rate shock scenarios are useful in assessing the level of IRR inherent in the balance sheet, interest rates typically move in a nonparallel manner with differences in the timing, direction and magnitude of changes in short-term and long-term interest rates. Thus, any impact that might occur as a result of the Federal Reserve Board increasing short-term interest rates in the future could be offset by an inverse movement in long-term interest rates, and vice versa. For this reason, Peoples considers other interest rate scenarios in addition to analyzing the impact of parallel yield curve shifts. These include various flattening and steepening scenarios in which short-term and long-term interest rates move in different directions with varying magnitude. Peoples believes these scenarios to be more reflective of how interest rates change versus the severe parallel rate shocks described above. Given the shape of market yield curves at September 30, 2024, consideration of the bear steepener and bull steepener scenarios provide insights which were not captured by parallel shifts.
The bear steepener scenario highlights the risk to net interest income and economic value of equity when short-term interest rates remain constant while long-term interest rates rise. In such a scenario, Peoples' deposit and borrowing costs, which are generally correlated with short-term interest rates, remain constant, while asset yields, which are correlated with long-term interest rates, rise. At September 30, 2024, the bear steepener scenario produced an increase in net interest income of 0.8% and an increase in the economic value of equity of 5.6%.
The bull steepener scenario highlights the risk to net interest income and the economic value of equity when short-term rates fall faster than long-term rates. In such a scenario, Peoples' deposit and short-term borrowing costs, which are correlated with short-term rates, decrease, while long-term asset yields and long-term borrowing costs, which are more correlated with long-term rates, remain constant. Decreased deposit and funding costs would be more than offset by increased variable rate asset yields over a longer horizon; resulting in an increased amount of net interest income and net interest margin over a 24-month period. At September 30, 2024, the bull steepener scenario produced a decline of 0.4% to net interest income, as the impact of recent term funding mitigates the impact of lower short-term rates over a 12-month horizon, and an increase in the economic value of equity of 2.8%. Over a 24-month horizon, the bull steepener scenario produced an increase of 1.0% to net interest income.
Peoples has entered into interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges and involve the receipt of variable rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for Peoples making fixed payments. As of September 30, 2024, Peoples had entered into 9 interest rate swap contracts with an aggregate notional value of $85.0 million. Additional information regarding Peoples’ interest rate swaps can be found in “Note 10 Derivative Financial Instruments” of the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
At September 30, 2024, Peoples' Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet was positioned to benefit from rising interest rates, while also mitigating the impact to net interest income decreasing rate scenarios. The table above illustrates this point as changes to net interest income increase in the rising interest rate scenarios.
Liquidity
In addition to IRR management, another major objective of the ALCO is to maintain a sufficient level of liquidity. In light of the bank failures in 2023, Peoples revisited the model assumptions, and determined the methods used by the ALCO to monitor

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and evaluate the adequacy of Peoples Bank's liquidity position remain appropriate and are largely unchanged from those disclosed in Peoples' 2023 Form 10-K.
At September 30, 2024, Peoples Bank had liquid assets of $444.5 million, which represented 4.3% of total assets and unfunded loan commitments. Peoples also had an additional $167.0 million of unpledged investment securities not included in the measurement of liquid assets.
Management believes the current mix of short-term liquidity sources, loan and security portfolio cash flows, and availability of other funding sources will allow Peoples to meet anticipated cash obligations, as well as special needs and off-balance sheet commitments.
Off-Balance Sheet Activities and Contractual Obligations
In the normal course of business, Peoples is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk necessary to meet the financing needs of Peoples' customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. The contract amounts of these instruments express the extent of involvement Peoples has in these financial instruments.
Loan Commitments and Standby Letters of Credit
Loan commitments are made to accommodate the financial needs of Peoples' customers. Standby letters of credit are instruments issued by Peoples Bank guaranteeing the beneficiary payment by Peoples Bank in the event of default by Peoples Bank's customer in the performance of an obligation or service. Historically, most loan commitments and standby letters of credit expire unused. Peoples Bank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counter-party to the financial instrument for loan commitments and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Peoples Bank uses the same underwriting standards in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The amount of collateral obtained is based on management's credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant, and equipment, and income-producing commercial properties.
Peoples Bank routinely engages in activities that involve, to varying degrees, elements of risk that are not reflected in whole or in part in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. These activities are part of Peoples Bank's normal course of business and include traditional off-balance sheet credit-related financial instruments, interest rate contracts and commitments to make additional capital contributions in low-income housing tax credit investments. Traditional off-balance sheet credit-related financial instruments continue to represent the most significant off-balance sheet exposure.
The following table details the total contractual amount of loan commitments and standby letters of credit:
 (Dollars in thousands)
September 30,
2024		June 30,
2024		March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023		September 30,
2023
Home equity lines of credit$248,400 $247,757 $246,035 $244,367 $245,764 
Unadvanced construction loans376,595 371,322 349,850 349,850 351,473 
Other loan commitments815,199 759,121 714,513 769,759 768,788 
Loan commitments$1,440,194 $1,378,200 $1,310,398 $1,363,976 $1,366,025 
Standby letters of credit$9,917 $10,507 $13,131 $14,318 $15,452 
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information called for by this Item 3 is provided under the caption “FINANCIAL CONDITION - Interest Rate Sensitivity and Liquidity” under “ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS” in this Form 10-Q, and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Peoples' management, with the participation of Peoples' President and Chief Executive Officer and Peoples’ Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, has evaluated the effectiveness of Peoples’ disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of September 30, 2024.  Based upon that evaluation, Peoples’ President and Chief Executive Officer and Peoples’ Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer have concluded that:
(a)information required to be disclosed by Peoples in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other reports Peoples files or submits under the Exchange Act would be accumulated and communicated to Peoples’ management, including its President and Chief Executive Officer and its Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure;

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(b)information required to be disclosed by Peoples in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other reports Peoples files or submits under the Exchange Act would be recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and
(c)Peoples’ disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
 Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in Peoples' internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during Peoples' fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Peoples’ internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Peoples or one of its subsidiaries from time to time is engaged in various litigation matters including the defense of claims of improper loan or deposit practices or lending violations. In addition, in the ordinary course of their respective businesses or operations, Peoples or one of its subsidiaries may be named as a plaintiff, a defendant, or a party to a legal proceeding or any of their respective properties may be subject to various pending and threatened legal proceedings and various actual and potential claims. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, Peoples cannot state what the eventual outcome of any such matters will be; however, based on management's current knowledge and after consultation with legal counsel, Peoples' management believes that damages, if any, and other amounts related to pending legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity of Peoples.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes from those risk factors previously disclosed under “ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” of Part I of Peoples’ 2023 Form 10-K. These risk factors are not the only risks Peoples faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to management or that management currently deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect Peoples’ business, financial condition and/or operating results.
ITEM 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(a)Not applicable.
(b)Not applicable.
(c)The following table details repurchases by Peoples and purchases by “affiliated purchasers” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act of Peoples’ common shares during the three months ended September 30, 2024:
Period
Total Number of Common Shares Purchased		 
Average Price Paid per Common Share		 
 
Total Number of Common Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)

Maximum
Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Common Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
July 1 – 31, 20242,399 (2)(3)$29.58 (2)(3)— $16,616,711 
August 1 – 31, 20241,202 (3)$31.69 (3)— $16,616,711 
September 1 – 30, 20241,098 (2)$31.90 (2)— $16,616,711 
Total4,699  $30.66  — $16,616,711 
(1)On January 29, 2021, Peoples announced that on January 28, 2021, Peoples' Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program authorizing Peoples to purchase up to an aggregate of $30 million of Peoples' outstanding common shares. There were no common shares repurchased under the share repurchase program during the third quarter of 2024.
(2)Information reported includes 1,313 common shares and 1,098 common shares purchased in open market transactions during July 2024 and September 2024, respectively, by Peoples Bank under the Rabbi Trust Agreement. The Rabbi Trust Agreement establishes a rabbi trust that holds assets to provide funds for the payment of the benefits under the Peoples Bancorp Inc. Third Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors of Peoples Bancorp Inc. and Subsidiaries.
(3)Information reported includes 1,086 and 1,202 common shares withheld to satisfy income taxes associated with restricted common shares which were granted under the Peoples Bancorp Inc. Third Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Plan (now known as the Peoples Bancorp Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Plan) and vested during July and August 2024, respectively.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
(a)None.
(b)Not applicable.
(c) During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no director of Peoples and no officer of Peoples (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.


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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number		 
 
Description
 
 
Exhibit Location
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 26, 2021, by and between Peoples Bancorp Inc. and Premier Financial Bancorp, Inc.+
Included as Annex A to the preliminary joint proxy statement/prospectus which forms a part of the Registration Statement of Peoples Bancorp Inc. ("Peoples") on Form S-4/A accepted on May 28, 2021 with a filing date of June 1, 2021 (Registration No. 333-256040)
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 24, 2022, by and between Peoples Bancorp Inc. and Limestone Bancorp, Inc.+
Included as Annex A to the preliminary joint proxy statement/prospectus which forms a part of the Registration Statement of Peoples on Form S-4/A filed on January 6, 2023 (Registration No. 333-268728)
3.1(a) 
Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on May 3, 1993) P
 Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to Peoples' Registration Statement on Form 8-B filed on July 20, 1993 (File No. 0-16772)
     
 Certificate of Amendment to the Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on April 22, 1994) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1(b) to Peoples' Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017 (File No. 0-16772) ("Peoples' September 30, 2017 Form 10-Q")
     
 Certificate of Amendment to the Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on April 9, 1996) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1(c) to Peoples' September 30, 2017 Form 10-Q
     
 Certificate of Amendment to the Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on April 23, 2003) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to Peoples’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 0-16772) (“Peoples’ March 31, 2003 Form 10-Q”)
     
 Certificate of Amendment by Shareholders to the Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on January 22, 2009) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Peoples’ Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on January 23, 2009 (File No. 0-16772)
     
 Certificate of Amendment by Directors to Articles filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on January 28, 2009, evidencing adoption of amendments by the Board of Directors of Peoples Bancorp Inc. to Article FOURTH of the Amended Articles of Incorporation to establish express terms of Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Shares, Series A, each without par value, of Peoples Bancorp Inc. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Peoples’ Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on February 2, 2009 (File No. 0-16772)
     
 Certificate of Amendment by the Shareholders to the Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on July 28, 2021) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1(g) to Peoples' Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021 (File No. 0-16772) ("Peoples' June 30, 2021 Form 10-Q")
Amended Articles of Incorporation of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (representing the Amended Articles of Incorporation in compiled form incorporating all amendments through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) [For purposes of SEC reporting compliance only--not filed with Ohio Secretary of State]

 
Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1(h) to Peoples' June 30, 2021 Form 10-Q
3.2(a) 
Code of Regulations of Peoples Bancorp Inc. P
 Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(b) to Peoples’ Registration Statement on Form 8-B filed on July 20, 1993 (File No. 0-16772)
     
 Certified Resolutions Regarding Adoption of Amendments to Sections 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.08, 1.10, 2.03(C), 2.07, 2.08, 2.10 and 6.02 of the Code of Regulations of Peoples Bancorp Inc. by shareholders on April 10, 2003 Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(c) to Peoples’ March 31, 2003 Form 10-Q
 +Schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of SEC Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedules or exhibits will be furnished supplementally by Peoples Bancorp Inc. to the SEC, or the staff of the SEC, on a confidential basis upon request.
PPeoples Bancorp Inc. filed this exhibit with the SEC in paper form originally and this exhibit has not been filed with the SEC in electronic format.


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Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
Exhibit Location
 Certificate regarding adoption of amendments to Sections 3.01, 3.03, 3.04, 3.05, 3.06, 3.07, 3.08 and 3.11 of the Code of Regulations of Peoples Bancorp Inc. by shareholders on April 8, 2004 Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to Peoples’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004 (File No. 0-16772)
 Certificate regarding adoption of amendments to Sections 2.06, 2.07, 3.01 and 3.04 of Peoples Bancorp Inc.’s Code of Regulations by the shareholders on April 13, 2006 Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Peoples’ Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on April 14, 2006 (File No. 0-16772)
 Certificate regarding adoption of an amendment to Section 2.01 of Peoples Bancorp Inc.’s Code of Regulations by the shareholders on April 22, 2010 Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2(e) to Peoples’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A (Amendment No. 1) for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2010 (File No. 0-16772)
Certificate regarding Adoption of Amendment to Division (D) of Section 2.02 of the Code of Regulations of Peoples Bancorp Inc. by the Shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on April 26, 2018Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Peoples' Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on June 28, 2018 (File No. 0-16772) ("Peoples' June 28, 2018 Form 8-K")
 Code of Regulations of Peoples Bancorp Inc. (This document represents the Code of Regulations of Peoples Bancorp Inc. in compiled form incorporating all amendments.)  Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Peoples' June 28, 2018 Form 8-K
Change in Control Agreement dated August 1, 2024, between Tyler Wilcox and Peoples Bancorp Inc.Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Peoples' Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on August 2, 2024 (File No. 0-16772)
 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications [President and Chief Executive Officer] Filed herewith
     
 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications [Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer] Filed herewith
     
 Section 1350 Certifications Furnished herewith
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document ##Submitted electronically herewith #
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentSubmitted electronically herewith #
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentSubmitted electronically herewith #
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentSubmitted electronically herewith #
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentSubmitted electronically herewith #
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentSubmitted electronically herewith #
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101)Submitted electronically herewith
++Management Compensation Plan or Agreement
# Attached as Exhibit 101 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 of Peoples Bancorp Inc. are the following documents formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and at December 31, 2023; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023; (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023; and (vi) Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
## The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

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SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
  PEOPLES BANCORP INC.
   
Date:October 31, 2024By: /s/TYLER WILCOX
  Tyler Wilcox
  President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:October 31, 2024By: /s/KATIE BAILEY
  Katie Bailey
  Executive Vice President,
  Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer


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