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Investment Securities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investment Securities Investment Securities 
Available-for-sale
The following table summarizes Peoples' available-for-sale investment securities:
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
March 31, 2020    
Obligations of:    
U.S. government sponsored agencies$5,918  $443  $—  $6,361  
States and political subdivisions105,904  3,026  (118) 108,812  
Residential mortgage-backed securities798,762  25,914  (783) 823,893  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities16,899  279  (117) 17,061  
Bank-issued trust preferred securities4,696  202  (190) 4,708  
Total available-for-sale securities$932,179  $29,864  $(1,208) $960,835  
December 31, 2019    
Obligations of:    
U.S. government sponsored agencies$7,917  $292  $—  $8,209  
States and political subdivisions111,217  3,018  (131) 114,104  
Residential mortgage-backed securities787,430  7,763  (4,184) 791,009  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities18,135  88  (135) 18,088  
Bank-issued trust preferred securities4,696  137  (142) 4,691  
Total available-for-sale securities$929,395  $11,298  $(4,592) $936,101  

The unrealized losses related to residential mortgage-backed securities at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, were attributed to changes in market interest rates and spreads since the securities were purchased.
During each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, Peoples realized no gross losses from sales of available-for-sale securities. The gross gains realized by Peoples from sales of available-for-sale securities for the periods ended March 31 were as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20202019
Gross gains realized$319  $30  
Net gain realized$319  $30  
The cost of investment securities sold, and any resulting gain, were based on the specific identification method and recognized as of the trade date.
The following table presents a summary of available-for-sale investment securities that had an unrealized loss:
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Fair
Value
Unrealized LossNo. of Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized LossNo. of Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized Loss
March 31, 2020        
Obligations of:
States and political subdivisions  $2,337  $75   $2,251  $43   $4,588  $118  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
57,391  449  28  18,948  334  15  76,339  783  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
—  —  —  2,050  117   2,050  117  
Bank-issued trust preferred securities
—  —  —  1,810  190   1,810  190  
Total$59,728  $524  30  $25,059  $684  21  $84,787  $1,208  
December 31, 2019            
Obligations of:
States and political subdivisions$6,226  $74   $2,441  $57   $8,667  $131  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
284,096  2,527  62  88,993  1,657  39  373,089  4,184  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
970  21   2,409  114   3,379  135  
Bank-issued trust preferred securities
—  —  —  1,858  142   1,858  142  
Total$291,292  $2,622  65  $95,701  $1,970  45  $386,993  $4,592  

Management evaluates available-for-sale investment securities for an allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis.  At March 31, 2020, management concluded that no individual securities at an unrealized loss position required an allowance for credit losses. At March 31, 2020, Peoples did not have the intent to sell, nor was it more likely than not that Peoples would be required to sell, any of the securities with an unrealized loss prior to recovery. Further, the unrealized losses at both March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 were largely attributable to changes in market interest rates and spreads since the securities were purchased, and were not credit related losses. Accrued interest receivable is not included in investment securities balances, and is presented in the “Other assets” line of the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, with no recorded allowance for credit losses. Interest receivable on investment securities was $3.8 million at March 31, 2020 and $3.6 million at December 31, 2019.
At March 31, 2020, approximately 99% of the mortgage-backed securities with a market value that had been at an unrealized loss position for twelve months or more were issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies. The remaining 1%, or two positions, consisted of privately issued mortgage-backed securities with all of the underlying mortgages originated prior to 2004. Both of these positions had a fair value of less than 90% of their book value, with an aggregate book and fair value of $202,000 and $165,000, respectively. Management analyzed the underlying credit quality of these securities and concluded the unrealized losses were primarily attributable to the floating rate nature of these investments and the low remaining number of loans underlying these securities.
The unrealized losses with respect to the two bank-issued trust preferred securities that had been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or more at March 31, 2020 were primarily attributable to the subordinated nature of the debt.
The table below presents the amortized cost, fair value and total weighted-average yield of available-for-sale securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2020.  The weighted-average yields are based on the amortized cost.  In some cases, the issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without call or prepayment penalties prior to the contractual maturity date. 
(Dollars in thousands)Within 1 Year1 to 5 Years5 to 10 YearsOver 10 YearsTotal
Amortized cost     
Obligations of:     
U.S. government sponsored agencies$—  $1,993  $3,925  $—  $5,918  
States and political subdivisions4,641  23,918  42,744  34,601  105,904  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 1,656  81,803  715,299  798,762  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities4,750  8,024  974  3,151  16,899  
Bank-issued trust preferred securities—  —  4,696  —  4,696  
Total available-for-sale securities$9,395  $35,591  $134,142  $753,051  $932,179  
Fair value               
Obligations of:               
U.S. government sponsored agencies$—  $2,115  $4,246  $—  $6,361  
States and political subdivisions4,655  24,299  44,538  35,320  108,812  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 1,710  83,776  738,403  823,893  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities4,781  8,162  1,025  3,093  17,061  
Bank-issued trust preferred securities—  —  4,708  —  4,708  
Total available-for-sale securities$9,440  $36,286  $138,293  $776,816  $960,835  
Total weighted-average yield2.25 %2.63 %2.68 %2.58 %2.59 %

Held-to-Maturity
The following table summarizes Peoples’ held-to-maturity investment securities:
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized CostAllowance for Credit LossesGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
March 31, 2020    
Obligations of:    
States and political subdivisions$3,844  $(6) $504  $—  $4,342  
Residential mortgage-backed securities29,070  —  1,020  —  30,090  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities5,830  —  420  —  6,250  
Total held-to-maturity securities$38,744  $(6) $1,944  $—  $40,682  
December 31, 2019    
Obligations of:    
States and political subdivisions$4,346  $—  $445  $—  $4,791  
Residential mortgage-backed securities21,494  —  169  (94) 21,569  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities5,907  —  275  (1) 6,181  
Total held-to-maturity securities$31,747  $—  $889  $(95) $32,541  
There were no gross gains or gross losses realized by Peoples from sales of held-to-maturity securities for either of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.
At March 31, 2020, there were no held-to-maturity investment securities that had an unrealized loss. The following table presents a summary of held-to-maturity investment securities that had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2019:
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
(Dollars in thousands)Fair
Value
Unrealized LossNo. of SecuritiesFair
Value
Unrealized LossNo. of SecuritiesFair
Value
Unrealized Loss
December 31, 2019            
Residential mortgage-backed securities
$7,731  $67   $890  $27   $8,621  $94  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
1,666    —  —  —  1,666   
Total$9,397  $68   $890  $27   $10,287  $95  
Management evaluates held-to-maturity investment securities for an allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis. The majority of Peoples' held-to-maturity investment securities are issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies. The remaining securities were obligations of state and political subdivisions. Peoples analyzed these securities using cumulative default rate averages for investment grade municipal securities and determined that the potential credit losses of the securities was $6,000. As a result, at March 31, 2020, Peoples recorded $6,000 of allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities, compared to $7,000 at January 1, 2020.
The table below presents the amortized cost, fair value and total weighted-average yield of held-to-maturity securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2020.  The weighted-average yields are based on the amortized cost and are computed on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using a statutory federal corporate income tax rate of 21%.  In some cases, the issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without call or prepayment penalties prior to the contractual maturity date.  
(Dollars in thousands)Within 1 Year1 to 5 Years5 to 10 YearsOver 10 YearsTotal
Amortized cost     
Obligations of:     
States and political subdivisions$300  $—  $3,544  $—  $3,844  
Residential mortgage-backed securities—  —  3,399  25,671  29,070  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities—  392  3,816  1,622  5,830  
Total held-to-maturity securities$300  $392  $10,759  $27,293  $38,744  
Fair value               
Obligations of:               
States and political subdivisions$301  $—  $4,041  $—  $4,342  
Residential mortgage-backed securities—  —  3,538  26,552  30,090  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities—  402  4,214  1,634  6,250  
Total held-to-maturity securities$301  $402  $11,793  $28,186  $40,682  
Total weighted-average yield2.55 %2.29 %2.79 %2.71 %2.73 %
Other Investment Securities
Peoples' other investment securities on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets consist largely of shares of FHLB of Cincinnati and FRB of Cleveland stock, and other equity investment securities.
The following table summarizes the carrying value of Peoples' other investment securities:
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
FHLB stock$31,595  $27,235  
FRB stock13,310  13,310  
Nonqualified deferred compensation1,365  1,499  
Equity investment securities289  321  
Other investment securities365  365  
Total other investment securities$46,924  $42,730  
Peoples redeemed FHLB stock in order to be in compliance with the requirements of the FHLB of Cincinnati, which redemptions totaled $700,000 during the first quarter 2020. Peoples purchased additional FHLB Stock, which totaled $5.0 million during the first quarter 2020, as a result of the FHLB of Cincinnati's capital requirements on FHLB advances during the quarter.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, Peoples recorded the change in the fair value of equity investment securities held at March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, in other non-interest income, resulting in unrealized loss of $30,000 and unrealized gain of $22,000, respectively. Net realized gains on sales of equity investment securities, included in other non-interest income during the first three months of 2019, consisted of a realized gain of $787,000 related to the sale of restricted Class B Visa stock, which had been held at a carrying cost and fair value of zero due to the litigation liability associated with the stock.
At March 31, 2020, Peoples' investment in equity investment securities was comprised largely of common stocks issued by various unrelated bank holding companies. There were no equity investment securities of a single issuer that exceeded 10% of Peoples' stockholders' equity.
Pledged Securities
Peoples had pledged available-for-sale investment securities and held-to-maturity investment securities to secure public and trust department deposits, and repurchase agreements in accordance with federal and state requirements.  Peoples also pledged available-for-sale investment securities and held-to-maturity securities to secure additional borrowing capacity at the FHLB and the FRB.
The following table summarizes the carrying value of Peoples' pledged securities:
 Carrying Amount
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Securing public and trust department deposits, and repurchase agreements:
     Available-for-sale$572,848  $527,655  
     Held-to-maturity19,263  12,975  
Securing additional borrowing capacity at the FHLB and the FRB:
     Available-for-sale92,651  44,618  
     Held-to-maturity13,587  14,155