Goodwill and other intangible assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and other intangible assets

Goodwill and other intangible assets

Goodwill

The change in the carrying amount of goodwill was as follows (in millions):

	Nine months ended September 30, 2023
Beginning balance	$	15,529
Adjustments to goodwill resulting from acquisitions and divestitures, net	(22)
Currency translation adjustment	2
Ending balance	$	15,509

Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets consisted of the following (in millions):

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross carrying amounts		Accumulated amortization		Other intangible assets, net		Gross carrying amounts		Accumulated amortization		Other intangible assets, net
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Developed-product-technology rights	$	29,028	$	(16,931)	$	12,097	$	29,028	$	(15,045)	$	13,983
Licensing rights	3,864		(3,233)		631		3,864		(3,123)		741
Marketing-related rights	1,339		(1,243)		96		1,326		(1,167)		159
Research and development technology rights	1,377		(1,209)		168		1,378		(1,190)		188
Total finite-lived intangible assets	35,608		(22,616)		12,992		35,596		(20,525)		15,071
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
In-process research and development	158		—		158		1,009		—		1,009
Total other intangible assets	$	35,766	$	(22,616)	$	13,150	$	36,605	$	(20,525)	$	16,080

Developed-product-technology rights consists of rights related to marketed products. Licensing rights primarily consists of contractual rights to receive future milestone, royalty and profit-sharing payments; capitalized payments to third parties for milestones related to regulatory approvals to commercialize products; and upfront payments associated with royalty obligations for marketed products. Marketing-related rights primarily consists of rights related to the sale and distribution of marketed products. R&D technology rights pertains to technologies used in R&D that have alternative future uses.

IPR&D consists of R&D projects acquired in a business combination that are not complete at the time of acquisition due to remaining technological risks and/or lack of receipt of required regulatory approvals. We review IPR&D projects for impairment annually, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable and upon the establishment of technological feasibility or regulatory approval. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the development of AMG 340 acquired in connection with our Teneobio acquisition was terminated, resulting in an impairment charge of $783 million, which was recognized in Other operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and included in Other items, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. See Note 12, Fair value measurement, for the impact on the related contingent consideration liability.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized amortization associated with our finite-lived intangible assets of $693 million and $628 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized amortization associated with our finite-lived intangible assets of $2.1 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively. Amortization of intangible assets is primarily included in Cost of sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. As of September 30, 2023, the total estimated amortization of our finite-lived intangible assets for the remaining three months ending December 31, 2023, and the years ending December 31, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027 and 2028, are $0.7 billion, $2.7 billion, $2.5 billion, $2.1 billion, $2.1 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively.