-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Flsn92mKfEFDocXdafE+WLnGd3vJbMlwhNTREriEdmRU9vc/knxpj4xKYXyA3xF5 KoIoutGsOgsLdX9YT1HduQ== 0000912057-96-029067.txt : 19961213 0000912057-96-029067.hdr.sgml : 19961213 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000912057-96-029067 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: S-3/A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 13 FILED AS OF DATE: 19961212 SROS: NASD FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR COMMUNICATIONS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000702808 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 310978313 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469 FILM NUMBER: 96679690 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 E FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CITICASTERS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000317833 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: TELEVISION BROADCASTING STATIONS [4833] IRS NUMBER: 592054850 STATE OF INCORPORATION: FL FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-01 FILM NUMBER: 96679691 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: ONE EAST FOURTH STREET CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5135792177 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: GREAT AMERICAN COMMUNICATIONS CO DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FMI FINANCIAL CORP/FL DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19871020 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: WHOK INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028790 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 341092716 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-02 FILM NUMBER: 96679692 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: FMI PENNSYLVANIA INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028791 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-03 FILM NUMBER: 96679693 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: SY FISCHER CO AGENCY INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028792 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-04 FILM NUMBER: 96679694 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028793 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311125479 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-05 FILM NUMBER: 96679695 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028794 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311234979 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-06 FILM NUMBER: 96679696 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR CABLE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028795 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311273897 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-07 FILM NUMBER: 96679697 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028796 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 310317907 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-08 FILM NUMBER: 96679698 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028797 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311440011 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-09 FILM NUMBER: 96679699 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST LOUIS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028798 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 431735433 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-10 FILM NUMBER: 96679700 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028799 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311468564 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-11 FILM NUMBER: 96679701 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028800 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-12 FILM NUMBER: 96679702 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028801 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-13 FILM NUMBER: 96679703 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028802 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330250362 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-15 FILM NUMBER: 96679704 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028803 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 953230874 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-16 FILM NUMBER: 96679705 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST LOUIS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028804 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330294761 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-17 FILM NUMBER: 96679706 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028805 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 300200806 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-18 FILM NUMBER: 96679707 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOVA MARKETING GROUP INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028806 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330578898 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-19 FILM NUMBER: 96679708 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028807 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 341794221 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-20 FILM NUMBER: 96679709 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028808 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330492627 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-21 FILM NUMBER: 96679710 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028809 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330525378 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-22 FILM NUMBER: 96679711 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: SPORTS RADIO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028810 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 954350343 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-23 FILM NUMBER: 96679712 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028811 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330189045 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-24 FILM NUMBER: 96679713 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CITICASTERS CO CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028812 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311081002 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-25 FILM NUMBER: 96679714 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: GACC-N26LB INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028813 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311231527 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-26 FILM NUMBER: 96679715 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: GACC-340 INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028814 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311251968 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-27 FILM NUMBER: 96679716 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CINE GUARANTORS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028815 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 952677644 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-28 FILM NUMBER: 96679717 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028816 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311019819 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-29 FILM NUMBER: 96679718 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CINE GUARANTORS II INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028817 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 952960196 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-30 FILM NUMBER: 96679719 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028818 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 132658721 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-31 FILM NUMBER: 96679720 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: TAFT TCI SATELLITE SERVICES INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028820 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 840863016 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-32 FILM NUMBER: 96679721 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: BROADCAST FINANCE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028821 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311390698 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-33 FILM NUMBER: 96679722 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028822 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311102108 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-34 FILM NUMBER: 96679723 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028823 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311133504 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-35 FILM NUMBER: 96679724 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028824 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311212116 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-36 FILM NUMBER: 96679725 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028825 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311466604 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-37 FILM NUMBER: 96679726 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: JACOR BROADCASTING CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028826 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 311363232 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-38 FILM NUMBER: 96679727 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CINE GUARANTORS II LTD CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028827 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-39 FILM NUMBER: 96679728 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CINE MOVIL SA DE CV CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028828 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-40 FILM NUMBER: 96679729 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INTL NV CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028829 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-41 FILM NUMBER: 96679730 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: INMOBILIARIA RADIAL SA DE CV CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028830 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-42 FILM NUMBER: 96679731 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBRO SC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028831 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-43 FILM NUMBER: 96679732 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: VTTV PRODUCTIONS CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028832 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 310924795 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-44 FILM NUMBER: 96679733 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028833 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 952945537 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-45 FILM NUMBER: 96679734 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LOCATION PRODUCTIONS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028834 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 952556702 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-46 FILM NUMBER: 96679735 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CINE FILMS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028835 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 952945526 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-47 FILM NUMBER: 96679736 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP INC /OH/ CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028838 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS [4832] IRS NUMBER: 330215206 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OH FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-3/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-16469-14 FILM NUMBER: 96679737 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 BUSINESS PHONE: 5136211300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1300 PNC CENTER STREET 2: 201 EAST FIFTH ST CITY: CINCINNATI STATE: OH ZIP: 45202 S-3/A 1 S-3/A AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON DECEMBER 12, 1996 REGISTRATION NO. 333-16469 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 ---------------------------------------- AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO FORM S-3 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 -------------------------- JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) FLORIDA 59-2054850 (STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION (I.R.S. EMPLOYER OF AND ITS IDENTIFICATION INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) GUARANTORS NUMBER) JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING CORPORATION BROADCAST FINANCE, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY, INC. JACOR CABLE, INC. GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, INC. INMOBILIARIA RADIAL, S.A. DE C.V. JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC. NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC. SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC. NOBRO, S.C. SPORTS RADIO, INC. NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC. CITICASTERS CO. GACC-N26LB, INC. GACC-340, INC. CINE GUARANTORS, INC. GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS, INC. CINE GUARANTORS II, INC. GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP, INC. TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, INC. CINE FILMS, INC. THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, INC. LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC. LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC. VTTV PRODUCTIONS F.M.I. PENNSYLVANIA, INC. WHOK, INC. CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L. N.V. CINE MOVIL S.A. DE C.V. CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD. (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. DELAWARE JACOR BROADCASTING CORPORATION OHIO BROADCAST FINANCE, INC. OHIO JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, INC. FLORIDA JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, INC. GEORGIA JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, INC. COLORADO JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, INC. KENTUCKY JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, INC. DELAWARE JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY, INC. FLORIDA JACOR CABLE, INC. KENTUCKY GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC. GEORGIA JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, INC. DELAWARE JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, INC. MISSOURI JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, INC. FLORIDA JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, INC. DELAWARE INMOBILIARIA RADIAL, S.A. DE C.V. MEXICO JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, INC. DELAWARE NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC. DELAWARE NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, INC. CALIFORNIA NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, INC. CALIFORNIA NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, INC. DELAWARE NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC. CALIFORNIA NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC. CALIFORNIA NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC. CALIFORNIA NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC. DELAWARE SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC. CALIFORNIA NOBRO, S.C. MEXICO SPORTS RADIO, INC. CALIFORNIA NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC. CALIFORNIA CITICASTERS CO. OHIO GACC-N26LB, INC. DELAWARE GACC-340, INC. DELAWARE CINE GUARANTORS, INC. CALIFORNIA GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS, INC. CALIFORNIA CINE GUARANTORS II, INC. CALIFORNIA GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP, INC. NEW YORK TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, INC. COLORADO CINE FILMS, INC. CALIFORNIA THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, INC. CALIFORNIA LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC. CALIFORNIA LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC. CALIFORNIA VTTV PRODUCTIONS CALIFORNIA F.M.I. PENNSYLVANIA, INC. PENNSYLVANIA WHOK, INC. OHIO CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L. N.V. ANTILLE CINE MOVIL S.A. DE C.V. MEXICO CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD. CANADA (STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------- - - JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. 31-0978313 JACOR BROADCASTING CORPORATION 31-1363232 BROADCAST FINANCE, INC. 31-1390698 JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, INC. 31-1102108 JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, INC. 31-1133504 JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, INC. 31-1212116 JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, INC. 31-1466604 JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, INC. 31-1125479 JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY, INC. 31-1234979 JACOR CABLE, INC. 31-1273897 GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC. 31-0317907 JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, INC. 31-1440011 JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, INC. 43-1735433 JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, INC. 31-1468564 JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, INC. PENDING INMOBILIARIA RADIAL, S.A. DE C.V. NOT APPLICABLE JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, INC. PENDING NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC. 33-0215206 NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, INC. 33-0250362 NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, INC. 95-3230874 NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, INC. 33-0294761 NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC. 30-0200806 NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC. 33-0578898 NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC. 34-1794221 NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC. 33-0492627 SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC. 33-0525378 NOBRO, S.C. NOT APPLICABLE SPORTS RADIO, INC. 95-4350343 NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC. 33-0189045 CITICASTERS CO. 31-1081002 GACC-N26LB, INC. 31-1231527 GACC-340, INC. 31-1251968 CINE GUARANTORS, INC. 95-2677644 GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS, INC. 31-1019819 CINE GUARANTORS II, INC. 95-2960196 GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP, INC. 13-2658721 TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, INC. 84-0863016 CINE FILMS, INC. 95-2945526 THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, INC. 95-2792659 LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC. 95-2556702 LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC. 95-2945537 VTTV PRODUCTIONS 31-0924795 F.M.I. PENNSYLVANIA, INC. 59-1648738 WHOK, INC. 34-1092716 CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L. N.V. NOT APPLICABLE CINE MOVIL S.A. DE C.V. NOT APPLICABLE CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD. NOT APPLICABLE (I.R.S. EMPLOYER (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
1300 PNC CENTER 201 EAST FIFTH STREET CINCINNATI, OHIO 45202 (513) 621-1300 (ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF REGISTRANTS' PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) ---------------------------------------- R. CHRISTOPHER WEBER JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. 1300 PNC CENTER 201 EAST FIFTH STREET CINCINNATI, OHIO 45202 (513) 621-1300 (NAME, ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF AGENT FOR SERVICE) ---------------------------------------- COPIES OF COMMUNICATIONS TO: RICHARD G. SCHMALZL, ESQ. GREGG A. NOEL, DOUGLAS D. ROBERTS, ESQ. ESQ. GRAYDON, HEAD & RITCHEY SKADDEN, ARPS, 1900 FIFTH THIRD CENTER SLATE, MEAGHER & CINCINNATI, OHIO 45202 FLOM LLP (513) 621-6464 300 SOUTH GRAND AVENUE, SUITE 3400 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90071 (213) 687-5000
---------------------------------------- APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE AFTER THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT BECOMES EFFECTIVE. ---------------------------------------- CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
PROPOSED MAXIMUM TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF AMOUNT TO OFFERING PRICE SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED BE REGISTERED PER SECURITY(1) % SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006............................. $150,000,000 100% GUARANTEES OF JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (4)....... * * PROPOSED MAXIMUM TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED OFFERING PRICE(1) REGISTRATION FEE(1)(2) % SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006............................. $150,000,000 $45,454.55(3) GUARANTEES OF JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (4)....... * *
(1) Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457 under the Securities Act. (2) Amount calculated pursuant to Section 6(b) under the Securities Act. (3) Of the total registration fee of $45,454.55, $7,575.80 is being paid with this filing and $37,878.75 was previously paid. (4) Registered herewith is Jacor Communications, Inc.'s and Subsidiaries' Guarantees of the % Senior Subordinated Notes for which no additional consideration will be received. Accordingly, pursuant to Rule 457 (o), under the Securities Act, which permits the registration fee to be calculated on the basis of the maximum offering price of all securities registered, no additional fee is included for the registration of such Guarantees. ---------------------------------------- THE REGISTRANTS HEREBY AMEND THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANTS SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNTIL THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A), MAY DETERMINE. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED PRIOR TO THE TIME THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT BECOMES EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR SHALL THERE BE ANY SALE OF THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL PRIOR TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY SUCH STATE. PROSPECTUS , 1996 $150,000,000 JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY GUARANTEED BY [LOGO] % SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006 The Senior Subordinated Notes (the "Notes") are being offered (the "Offering") by Jacor Communications Company ("JCC"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Jacor Communications, Inc. ("Jacor"). The Notes are being offered in connection with the Pending Transactions (as defined herein) and to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facility (as defined herein). Consummation of the Offering is not contingent upon consummation of any of the Pending Transactions. The Notes will mature on , 2006. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually on and of each year, commencing , 1997. JCC will not be required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payment with respect to the Notes prior to maturity. The Notes will be redeemable at the option of JCC, in whole or in part, at any time on or after , 2001 at the redemption prices set forth herein plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. In the event of a Change of Control (as defined herein), JCC will be required to make an offer to repurchase the Notes, at a price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase. See "Description of Notes--Certain Covenants--Repurchase of Notes at the Option of the Holder Upon a Change of Control." The Notes will be general unsecured obligations of JCC, subordinated in right of payment to all Senior Debt (as defined herein) of JCC, including the Credit Facility. As of September 30, 1996, JCC had outstanding an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million of Senior Debt. On a pro forma basis as of September 30, 1996 after giving effect to this Offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom and the Citicasters Put (as defined herein), the aggregate principal amount of Senior Debt of JCC would have been $400.0 million. All subsidiaries of JCC (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries, as defined herein), will become Subsidiary Guarantors (each as defined herein) if required by the indenture governing the Notes. See "Description of Notes -- Certain Covenants -- Subsidiary Guarantors" and "Description of Other Indebtedness - --Credit Facility," "-- The 9 3/4% Notes" and "--The 10 1/8% Notes." The Notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by Jacor and the Subsidiary Guarantors (the Subsidiary Guarantors, together with Jacor, the "Guarantors") (limited only to the extent necessary to avoid each such guarantee being considered a fraudulent conveyance under applicable law) on a joint and several basis (the "Guarantees"). The Guarantees will be general unsecured obligations of the Guarantors. SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 9 FOR A DISCUSSION OF THE RISKS THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED BY PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS. THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNDERWRITING PRICE TO THE DISCOUNTS AND PROCEEDS PUBLIC(1) COMMISSIONS(2) TO JCC(3) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Per Note................................. % % % Total.................................... $ $ $ - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) PLUS ACCRUED INTEREST, IF ANY, FROM THE DATE OF ISSUANCE. (2) JACOR AND JCC HAVE AGREED TO INDEMNIFY THE UNDERWRITERS AGAINST, AND TO PROVIDE CONTRIBUTION WITH RESPECT TO, CERTAIN LIABILITIES, INCLUDING LIABILITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED. SEE "UNDERWRITING." (3) BEFORE DEDUCTING EXPENSES PAYABLE BY JCC ESTIMATED AT $655,000. The Notes are offered by the Underwriters when, as and if delivered to and accepted by the Underwriters and subject to various prior conditions. The Underwriters have reserved the right to withdraw, cancel or modify any such offer and to reject orders in whole or in part. It is expected that delivery of the Notes will be made in New York, New York on or about , 1996, to investors in book-entry form through the facilities of The Depositary Trust Company against payment therefor in immediately available funds. DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE MERRILL LYNCH & CO. SECURITIES CORPORATION The inside front cover consists of a map of the United States indicating the cities in which the Company (as defined herein) will own and/or operate radio and television stations. The map also indicates the number of stations owned and/or operated by the Company in each city and the 1995 radio revenue rank, all as shown in the table contained in the Prospectus Summary. IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING, THE UNDERWRITERS MAY OVER-ALLOT OR EFFECT TRANSACTIONS WHICH STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF THE NOTES AND THE 10 1/8% NOTES (AS DEFINED HEREIN) AT A LEVEL ABOVE THAT WHICH MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN MARKET. SUCH STABILIZING, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANY TIME. 2 PROSPECTUS SUMMARY THE FOLLOWING SUMMARY IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY THE MORE DETAILED INFORMATION AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS APPEARING ELSEWHERE IN THIS PROSPECTUS AND IN THE DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED HEREIN BY REFERENCE. UNLESS THE CONTEXT OTHERWISE REQUIRES, THE TERM (I) "JACOR" REFERS TO JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES, INCLUDING JCC, AND THEIR COMBINED OPERATIONS ON A HISTORICAL BASIS; AND (II) "COMPANY" REFERS TO JACOR AND THE ENTITIES AND RADIO STATIONS TO BE OWNED BY JACOR ON A COMBINED BASIS ASSUMING THE PENDING TRANSACTIONS ARE CONSUMMATED AS CURRENTLY SET FORTH IN THE RESPECTIVE TRANSACTION AGREEMENTS. JCC WAS FORMERLY KNOWN AS CITICASTERS INC. ("CITICASTERS") PRIOR TO CHANGING ITS CORPORATE NAME TO "JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY" IN DECEMBER 1996. THE TERM "PENDING TRANSACTIONS" REFERS TO THE PENDING ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS AND MERGER DESCRIBED UNDER "TRANSACTIONS -- PENDING TRANSACTIONS." NOT ALL OF THE PENDING TRANSACTIONS WILL BE CONSUMMATED PRIOR TO THE CLOSING OF THE OFFERING. THE COMPANY Jacor, upon consummation of the Pending Transactions, will be the second largest radio group in the nation as measured by gross revenue and will own and/or operate 101 radio stations and one television station in 24 broadcast areas across the United States. Jacor's strategic objective is to be a leading radio broadcaster by operating multiple radio station platforms in each of its broadcast areas. The Company's broadcast areas are among the most attractive in the country, demonstrating, as a group, radio revenue growth in excess of the radio industry average over the last five years. In 1995, the Company would have been the top billing radio group in 15 of its 24 broadcast areas and would have had net revenue and broadcast cash flow of $383.9 million and $121.9 million, respectively. The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Company and its broadcast areas:
COMPANY DATA BROADCAST AREA DATA ------------------------------------ ---------------------------------- 1995 RADIO 1995 1990-1995 RADIO AUDIENCE NO. OF STATIONS 1995 RADIO REVENUE REVENUE SHARE ---------------- ARBITRON REVENUE CAGR BROADCAST AREA RANK % AM FM TV RANK RANK % - -------------------- ------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ------------ ------- --------- Los Angeles......... 5 3.4 1 1 -- 2 1 3.6 Atlanta............. 1 15.2 1 3 -- 12 10 9.2 San Diego(1)(2)..... 1 20.9 3 5 -- 15 16 5.5 St. Louis........... 5 9.4 1 2 -- 17 18 4.5 Tampa............... 1 33.3 2 5 -- 21 21 6.2 Denver(3)........... 1 33.1 4 4 -- 23 14 8.6 Portland............ 1 18.4 1 2 -- 24 23 8.4 Cincinnati(2)(3).... 1 32.4 2 3 1 25 20 7.4 Kansas City......... 1 21.5 1 3 -- 26 32 4.3 Columbus............ 1 24.7 2 5 -- 32 28 6.7 Salt Lake City(3)... 1 21.7 1 4 -- 35 33 9.3 Las Vegas........... 1 22.1 -- 4 -- 48 42 11.8 Louisville.......... 2 20.9 1 4 -- 49 45 5.8 Jacksonville........ 2 22.8 2 3 -- 53 46 7.9 Toledo.............. 1 35.8 2 3 -- 75 74 5.6 Sarasota/Bradenton... 1 10.4 1 2 -- 79 176 N/A Charleston.......... 2 13.5 -- 2 -- 87 90 4.8 Des Moines.......... 1 19.9 1 1 -- 89 69 8.4 Lexington........... 1 39.2 2 4 -- 105 79 6.4 Boise............... 2 17.6 1 2 -- 130 104 9.5 Cedar Rapids........ 1 25.3 1 1 -- 197 127 4.9 Casper.............. 3 21.0 1 1 -- 263 249 N/A Fort Collins/Greeley(4)... N/A N/A 1 2 -- N/A N/A N/A Venice/Englewood(4)... N/A N/A 1 2 -- N/A N/A N/A
- ------------------------ (1) Excludes two radio stations located in Baja California, Mexico on which Jacor provides programming to and sells air time for under an exclusive sales agency agreement. (2) Excludes KCBQ-AM in San Diego and WKRQ-FM in Cincinnati which the Company will divest (see "Transactions"). (3) Excludes one station in Denver, three stations in Cincinnati and two stations in Salt Lake City on which the Company sells or will sell advertising time pursuant to joint sales agreements (see "Business -- Radio Station Overview"). (4) The Fort Collins/Greeley and Venice/Englewood broadcast areas do not have Arbitron ranks. 3 BUSINESS STRATEGY Jacor's strategic objective is to be a leading radio broadcaster in each of its broadcast areas. Jacor intends to acquire individual radio stations or radio groups that strengthen its strategic position and that maximize the operating performance of its broadcast properties. Specifically, Jacor's business strategy centers upon: REVENUE LEADERSHIP. Jacor strives to maximize the audience ratings in each of its broadcast areas in order to capture the largest share of the radio advertising revenue and attract advertising away from other media in that broadcast area. Jacor focuses on those locations where it believes it has the potential to be a leading radio group. By operating multiple radio stations in its broadcast areas, Jacor is able to operate its stations at lower costs, supply more diverse programming and provide advertisers with the greatest access to targeted demographic groups. ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF BROADCAST PROPERTIES. Jacor's acquisition strategy focuses on acquiring both developed, cash flow producing stations and underdeveloped "stick" properties (i.e., stations with insignificant ratings and little or no positive broadcast cash flow) that complement its existing portfolio and strengthen its overall strategic position. Jacor has been able to improve the ratings of "stick" properties with increased marketing and focused programming that complements its existing radio station formats. Additionally, Jacor increases the revenues and cash flow of "stick" properties by encouraging advertisers to buy advertising in a package with its more established stations. The Company may enter new locations through acquisitions of radio groups that have multiple station ownership in their respective broadcast areas. The Company may also seek to acquire individual stations in new locations that it believes are fragmented and where a revenue-leading position can be created through additional acquisitions. The Company may exit locations it views as having limited strategic appeal by selling or exchanging existing stations for stations in other locations where the Company operates, or for stations in new locations. Additionally, the Company may enter new locations situated near Jacor's core broadcast areas. The Company believes that it will be able to leverage the costs associated with the delivery of high quality, high cost programming of topical interest throughout these geographical regions, which programming would not otherwise be economically viable in such smaller broadcast areas. Utilizing this strategy, Jacor has recently entered into agreements or closed transactions to acquire radio stations in Venice/Englewood, Florida; Lexington, Kentucky; Sarasota/Bradenton, Florida; Louisville, Kentucky; Casper, Wyoming; and Fort Collins/Greeley, Colorado. DIVERSE FORMAT EXPERTISE. Jacor management has developed programming expertise over a broad range of radio formats. This management expertise enables Jacor to specifically tailor the programming of each station in a broadcast area in order to maximize Jacor's overall strategic position. Jacor utilizes sophisticated research techniques to identify opportunities within each broadcast area and programs its stations to provide complete coverage of a demographic or format type. This strategy allows Jacor to deliver highly effective access to a target demographic and to capture a higher percentage of advertising revenues. DISTINCT STATION PERSONALITIES. Jacor engages in a number of creative programming and promotional efforts designed to create listener loyalty and station brand awareness. Through these efforts, management seeks to cultivate a distinct personality for each station based upon the unique characteristics of each broadcast area. Jacor hires dynamic on-air personalities for key morning and afternoon "drive times" and provides comprehensive news, traffic and weather reports to create active listening by the audience. This commitment to "foreground" or "high impact" programming has successfully generated significant audience share. One of the methods Jacor utilizes to develop the personality of its AM radio stations is by broadcasting professional sporting events and related programming. Currently, Jacor has the broadcast rights for the Cincinnati Reds, Cincinnati Bengals, Colorado Rockies, Denver Broncos, Los Angeles Kings, Portland Trail Blazers and San Diego Chargers. Sports broadcasting serves as a key "magnet" for attracting audiences to a station and then introducing them to other programming features, such as local and national news, entertaining talk, and weather and traffic reports. 4 STRONG AM STATIONS. Jacor is an industry leader in successfully operating AM stations. While many radio groups primarily utilize network or simulcast programming on their AM stations, Jacor also develops unique programming for its AM stations to build strong listener loyalty and awareness. Utilizing this operating focus and expertise, Jacor has developed its AM stations in Denver and Cincinnati into the revenue and ratings leaders among both AM and FM stations in their respective broadcast areas. Jacor's targeted AM programming adds to Jacor's ability to increase its revenues and results in more complete coverage of the listener base. Although the cost structure of a large-scale AM station generally results in lower operating margins than typical music-based FM stations, the majority of Jacor's AM stations generate substantial levels of broadcast cash flow. Historically, most other radio broadcast companies have not focused on their AM operations to the same extent as Jacor. Accordingly, most of the AM stations to be acquired meaningfully underperform Jacor's AM stations, and management believes such stations have the potential to generate significant incremental cash flow. POWERFUL BROADCAST SIGNALS. A station's ability to maintain a leadership position depends in part upon the strength of its broadcasting delivery system. A powerful broadcast signal enhances delivery range and clarity, thereby influencing listener preference and loyalty. Many of Jacor's stations' broadcasting signals are among the strongest in their respective broadcast areas reinforcing its leadership position. Jacor opportunistically upgrades the power and quality of the signals of stations it acquires. Following the consummation of the Pending Transactions, Jacor expects that relatively inexpensive technical upgrades in certain broadcast areas will provide for significantly greater signal presence. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Since the enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the "Telecom Act") on February 8, 1996, Jacor has acquired 40 radio stations, two television stations (one of which has subsequently been disposed of) and entered into an exclusive sales agency agreement to provide programming to and sell air time for two radio stations located in Baja California, Mexico. The aggregate consideration provided by Jacor in these transactions was approximately $1.2 billion. Jacor has also disposed of three radio stations for approximately $7.0 million. In addition, Jacor has entered into a number of binding agreements for transactions that are currently pending. Jacor has contracted for the exchange of its two radio stations in Phoenix for two radio stations in San Diego. Jacor has also entered into binding agreements to purchase an additional 27 radio stations for approximately $203.3 million (including $30.9 million already advanced by Jacor to fund various escrow deposits, $16.1 million of which was paid prior to September 30, 1996). Jacor has also entered into a merger agreement pursuant to which it will acquire 18 radio stations and joint sales agreements for two additional radio stations for consideration of 3.55 million shares of Jacor's common stock, $.01 par value per share (the "Common Stock") (subject to adjustment pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement), warrants to acquire 500,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $40 per full share, and up to $64.0 million in cash to be used to repay outstanding debt of the company to be acquired. Jacor has also entered into a binding agreement to sell two radio stations for approximately $45.0 million in cash. Finally, Jacor has entered into letters of intent for the disposition of WKRQ-FM in Cincinnati and KCBQ-AM in San Diego, but has not executed definitive agreements in connection with such dispositions. For calendar 1995, the incremental net revenues and broadcast cash flow from the Pending Transactions would have been $73.2 million and $17.8 million, respectively. Jacor is currently negotiating for additional acquisitions in its existing locations and in new locations. Jacor is also engaged in preliminary discussions with owners of numerous other radio stations, which may or may not result in negotiations for additional acquisitions. Such transactions, if any, may involve the payment of cash, shares of Common Stock and/or the exchange of the Company's other broadcast properties. However, there can be no assurance that Jacor will successfully complete all or any such transactions or what the consequences thereof would be. For more information about Jacor's recent acquisitions and dispositions, see "Transactions." 5 THE OFFERING Securities Offered........... $150.0 million in aggregate principal amount of % Senior Subordinated Notes. Maturity Date................ , 2006. Interest Payment Dates....... and , commencing , 1997. Mandatory Redemption......... None. Optional Redemption.......... The Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of JCC on or after , 2001, at the redemption prices set forth herein, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. See "Description of the Notes -- Optional Redemption." Ranking...................... The Notes will be general unsecured obligations of JCC and will be subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future Senior Debt of JCC including the Credit Facility. As of September 30, 1996, JCC had outstanding an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million of Senior Debt. On a pro forma basis as of September 30, 1996, after giving effect to the Citicasters Put and this Offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom, the aggregate principal amount of Senior Debt of JCC would have been $400.0 million. See "Transactions," "Description of Other Indebtedness -- The Credit Facility" and "Description of Notes -- Subordination." Guarantees................... The Notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by Jacor and the Subsidiary Guarantors on a joint and several basis (limited only to the extent necessary for each such Guarantee to not constitute a fraudulent conveyance under applicable law). The Guarantees will be general unsecured obligations of the Guarantors. See "Description of Notes -- Subordination; -- Guarantees." Change of Control Offer...... If a Change of Control occurs (including a change of control of Jacor, for so long as JCC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jacor), JCC will be required to offer to repurchase all outstanding Notes at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase. There can be no assurance that JCC will have sufficient funds to purchase all of the Notes in the event of a Change of Control or that JCC would be able to obtain financing for such purposes on favorable terms, if at all. In addition, the Credit Facility restricts JCC's ability to repurchase the Notes pursuant to a Change of Control Offer. Furthermore, a Change of Control under the Indenture will result in a default under the Credit Facility. See "Description of the Notes -- Certain Covenants -- Repurchase of the Notes at the Option of the Holder Upon a Change of Control." Certain Covenants............ The Indenture will impose certain limitations on the ability of JCC and its subsidiaries to, among other things (i) incur additional indebtedness; (ii) incur liens; (iii) pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments; (iv) consummate certain asset sales; (v) enter into certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) incur indebtedness that is subordinate in right of payment to any Senior Debt and senior in right of payment to the Notes; (vii) impose restrictions on the ability of a subsidiary to pay dividends or make certain payments to JCC;
6 (viii) conduct business other than the ownership and operation of radio and television broadcast stations and related businesses; (ix) merge or consolidate with any other person or (x) sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of JCC. With respect to an Asset Sale Offer (as defined herein), JCC will not be permitted to commence an Asset Sale Offer for the Notes until such time as an Asset Sale Offer for the 9 3/4% Notes (as defined herein), if required, has been completed. See "Description of Notes -- Certain Covenants." Use of Proceeds.............. The net proceeds from the Offering will be used in connection with the Pending Transactions; to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facility; and for general corporate purposes, including acquisition of other broadcast properties and the repayment of other indebtedness. See "Use of Proceeds."
MARKET DATA AND CERTAIN DEFINITIONS All rankings by revenue or billings that are contained in this Prospectus are based on 1995 information contained in Duncan's Radio Market Guide (1996 ed.), Duncan's American Radio (Small Market Edition 1996), Duncan's American Radio (Spring 1996), Duncan's Radio Group Directory (1996-1997 ed.) and/or Broadcast Investment Analyst: Radio '96 Market Report. Except where otherwise specified, all information concerning ratings and audience listening information is derived from the Spring 1996 Arbitron Metro Area Ratings Survey (the "Spring 1996 Arbitron") and the Summer 1996 Arbitron Metro Area Ratings Survey (the "Summer 1996 Arbitron"). All Designated Market Area ("DMA") information is derived from the Nielsen Station Index, May 1996 ("Nielsen"). The term "LMAS" means local marketing agreements which would be considered time brokerage agreements for FCC purposes. The term "JSAS" means joint sales agreements pursuant to which a company sells advertising time on stations owned by third parties. A Jacor affiliate owns a 40% interest in a limited liability company that purchased the assets formerly owned by Duncan American Radio, Inc. See "Transactions." 7 SUMMARY HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA (Dollars in thousands) The following sets forth summary historical financial data for Jacor for the three years ended December 31, 1995 and the nine month periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996. The comparability of the historical consolidated financial data has been significantly impacted by acquisitions and dispositions. The information presented below is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto incorporated by reference from the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 1996, June 30, 1996 and September 30, 1996.
PRO FORMA COMBINED(1)(2) HISTORICAL --------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- YEAR NINE NINE MONTHS ENDED ENDED MONTHS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER ENDED ---------------------------------- ---------------------- 31, SEPTEMBER 1993 1994 1995 1995 1996(3) 1995 30, 1996 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- OPERATING STATEMENT DATA: Net revenue......................... $ 89,932 $ 107,010 $ 118,891 $ 87,176 $ 127,520 $303,469 $240,041 Broadcast operating expenses........ 69,520 80,468 87,290 65,241 91,694 195,744 162,949 Depreciation and amortization....... 10,223 9,698 9,483 6,783 10,601 46,840 35,239 Corporate general and administrative expenses.......................... 3,564 3,361 3,501 2,564 4,080 6,655 5,559 Operating income.................... 6,625 13,483 18,617 12,588 21,145 54,230 36,294 Net income (loss)................... 1,438 7,852 10,965 7,768 4,737 (8,895) (4,694) OTHER FINANCIAL DATA: Broadcast cash flow(4).............. $ 20,412 $ 26,542 $ 31,601 $ 21,935 $ 35,826 $107,725 $ 77,092 Broadcast cash flow margin(5)....... 22.7% 24.8% 26.6% 25.2% 28.1% 35.5% 32.1% EBITDA(4)........................... $ 16,848 $ 23,181 $ 28,100 $ 19,371 $ 31,746 $101,070 $ 71,533 Capital expenditures................ 1,495 2,221 4,969 3,664 7,506 19,677 12,436 Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(6)........................ 1.9x 6.0x 5.7x 7.1x 2.0x -- -- PRO FORMA CREDIT RATIOS:(7) Cash interest expense............... $ 56,705 Ratio of EBITDA to cash interest expense........................... 1.8x Ratio of long term debt (net of cash) to EBITDA................... 5.7x
AS OF DECEMBER 31, AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, ---------------------------------- ---------------------- 1993 1994 1995 1995 1996 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- BALANCE SHEET DATA: Working capital..................... $ 38,659 $ 44,637 $ 24,436 $ 20,343 $ 84,602 Intangible assets................... 84,991 89,543 127,158 114,738 1,341,430 Total assets........................ 159,909 173,579 208,839 203,356 1,717,221 Long-term debt...................... -- -- 45,500 33,500 626,250 LYONs............................... -- -- -- -- 117,090 Total shareholders' equity.......... 140,413 149,044 139,073 141,991 528,255
- ------------------------------ (1) The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations data for the year ended December 31, 1995 and nine months ended September 30, 1996 give effect to each of the following transactions as if such transactions had been completed January 1, 1995: (i) the Citicasters Merger (as defined herein), (ii) the Noble Acquisition (as defined herein), (iii) Jacor's, Citicasters' and Noble Broadcast Group, Inc.'s completed 1995 and January 1996 radio station acquisitions, (iv) Jacor's February 1996 radio station disposition, and (v) the related financing transactions completed in June 1996. The unaudited pro forma combined information does not purport to present the actual results of operations of Jacor had the transactions and events assumed therein in fact occurred on the dates specified, nor is it necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be achieved in the future. (2) The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations data for the year ended December 31, 1995 and nine months ended September 30, 1996 does not give effect to the completed acquisitions of WCTQ-FM and WAMR-AM in Venice, Florida and WLAP-AM, WMXL-FM and WWYC-FM servicing Lexington, Kentucky. These completed acquisitions would increase net revenue and broadcast cash flow by $3,934 and $560, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1995 and by $2,507 and $643, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 1996. (3) The Noble Acquisition and the Citicasters Merger significantly affect comparison of net revenues, operating expenses and broadcast cash flow for the nine months ended September 1996 as compared to the nine months ended September 1995. (4) "Broadcast cash flow" means operating income before depreciation and amortization, and corporate general and administrative expenses. "EBITDA" means operating income before depreciation and amortization. Broadcast cash flow and EBITDA should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, operating income, net income or cash flow and other consolidated income or cash flow statement data computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles or as a measure of a company's profitability or liquidity. Although these measures of performance are not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, they are widely used in the broadcasting industry as a measure of a company's operating performance because they assist in comparing station performance on a consistent basis across companies without regard to depreciation and amortization, which can vary significantly depending on accounting methods (particularly where acquisitions are involved) or non-operating factors such as historical cost bases. Broadcast cash flow also excludes the effect of corporate general and administrative expenses, which generally do not relate directly to station performance. (5) Broadcast cash flow margin equals broadcast cash flow as a percentage of net revenue. (6) The ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the year ended December 31, 1991 was 1.1x. In 1992, fixed charges exceeded earnings by approximately $23.7 million. For the purpose of computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges as prescribed by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, earnings represent pretax income from continuing operations plus fixed charges, less interest capitalized. Fixed charges represent interest (including amounts capitalized), the portion of rent expenses deemed to be interest and amortization of deferred financing costs. On a pro forma basis for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the nine months ended September 30, 1996, the ratio of earnings to fixed charges resulted in a coverage deficiency of $5.9 million and $5.7 million, respectively. (7) The pro forma credit ratios reflect the cash and long term debt of Jacor as of September 30, 1996 as adjusted to give effect to the Citicasters Put, the Offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom to reduce outstanding indebtedness under the revolving credit facility component of the Credit Facility to the extent permitted thereunder. See "Capitalization." 8 RISK FACTORS IN ADDITION TO THE OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS AND IN THE DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED HEREIN BY REFERENCE, PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE FOLLOWING FACTORS BEFORE PURCHASING THE NOTES OFFERED HEREBY. PENDING TRANSACTIONS. The consummation of each of the Pending Transactions requires Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") approval with respect to the transfer of the associated broadcast licenses. Jacor has filed or will file in the ordinary course applications seeking FCC approval for the Pending Transactions. In addition, the consummation of certain of the Pending Transactions is subject to the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act"). Jacor recently received second requests for information from the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (the "Antitrust Division") relating to each of the Par Transaction and the Nationwide Exchange (each as defined herein) which focus on Jacor's acquisition of radio stations in San Diego. The applicable waiting period under the HSR Act for each of the Par Transaction and the Nationwide Exchange will expire 20 days after all of the parties in the applicable transaction substantially comply with the second request relevant to that transaction, unless the parties agree to extend the waiting period or the Antitrust Division seeks to, and is successful in its efforts to, enjoin the applicable transaction. The parties have not yet completed compliance with the recently-received second requests. There can be no assurance that (i) the FCC will approve the transfer of the broadcast licenses in connection with the Pending Transactions; (ii) the FCC or a court would affirm the FCC consent to the Pending Transactions if such review is undertaken; (iii) the HSR Act waiting periods with respect to the various Pending Transactions will expire without objections being raised by either the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") or the Antitrust Division that would not be eliminated without substantial changes to the terms of the applicable Pending Transactions; or (iv) Jacor will be successful in consummating the various Pending Transactions in a timely manner or on the terms described herein. RISKS OF ACQUISITION STRATEGY. Jacor intends to pursue growth through the opportunistic acquisition of broadcasting companies, radio station groups, individual radio stations and entities that provide services to radio station groups or individual radio stations. In this regard, Jacor routinely reviews such acquisition opportunities. Jacor believes that currently there are available a number of acquisition opportunities that would be complementary to its business. Other than with respect to the Pending Transactions, Jacor currently has no binding commitments to acquire any specific business or other material assets. Jacor cannot predict whether it will be successful in pursuing such acquisition opportunities or what the consequences of any such acquisition would be. The Pending Transactions will increase Jacor's broadcast station portfolio by 40 radio stations. Jacor's acquisition strategy involves numerous risks, including difficulties in the integration of operations and systems, the diversion of management's attention from other business concerns and the potential loss of key employees of acquired stations. There can be no assurance that Jacor's management will be able to manage effectively the resulting business or that such acquisitions will benefit Jacor. In addition to the expenditure of capital relating to the Pending Transactions (see "Use of Proceeds"), future acquisitions also may involve the expenditure of significant funds. Depending upon the nature, size and timing of future acquisitions, Jacor may be required to raise additional financing. There is no assurance that such additional financing will be available to Jacor on acceptable terms. INCREASED ANTITRUST SCRUTINY. Subsequent to the passage of the Telecom Act, the radio broadcast industry has been subject to an increased amount of scrutiny by the Antitrust Division. Such scrutiny caused Jacor to experience delays in closing both the Citicasters Merger and the Noble Acquisition and to incur increased transaction costs. The Company could experience similar delays and increased costs in connection with future transactions, including one or more of the Pending Transactions. The Antitrust Division or the FTC could also compel changes in the proposed terms of acquisitions. This is evidenced by Jacor's agreement with the Antitrust Division in connection with the Citicasters Merger pursuant to which Jacor agreed to divest WKRQ-FM in Cincinnati by February 1997 and to inform the Antitrust Division of certain transactions in Cincinnati that would not otherwise be reportable under the 9 HSR Act. Antitrust Division scrutiny also resulted in Jacor terminating its agreement to finance the acquisition of WGRR-FM in Cincinnati by Tsunami Communications, Inc., the entity with whom Jacor has a JSA for a Denver radio station. Subsequent to such termination, Jacor received from the Antitrust Division a civil investigative demand relating to the proposed transaction. In November 1996, the Antitrust Division suspended Jacor's obligation to respond to this civil investigative demand. In addition, Jacor has received an industry-wide civil investigative demand relating to JSAs pursuant to which the Antitrust Division is examining the antitrust implications of such arrangements. Jacor anticipates that the Antitrust Division's determinations of the permissibility of JSAs will depend on the specific characteristics of the markets, stations and relationships being reviewed. Jacor believes that its existing JSAs are appropriate under applicable antitrust laws and that its JSAs are not material to its business as such arrangements only account for approximately 1.0% of Jacor's revenues. Jacor is in the process of responding to the civil investigative demand relating to JSAs received from the Antitrust Division. Although Jacor does not believe that antitrust considerations will adversely affect Jacor's ability to successfully implement its business strategy, the effects of the Antitrust Division's heightened level of scrutiny on the radio broadcast industry and on Jacor are uncertain. There can be no assurance that these concerns will not negatively impact Jacor. FCC REGULATION OF BROADCASTING INDUSTRY. The broadcasting industry is subject to extensive regulation by the FCC which, among other things, requires approval for the issuance, renewal, transfer and assignment of broadcasting station operating licenses, limits the number of broadcasting properties Jacor may acquire and regulates the operations of broadcasting stations. Additionally, in certain circumstances, the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the "Communications Act"), and FCC rules will operate to impose limitations on alien ownership and voting of the capital stock of Jacor. The FCC is considering changes to its rules in response to the Telecom Act and other industry developments. There can be no assurance that any such rule changes will not negatively impact Jacor's operations in the future. The Company's business will be dependent upon maintaining its broadcasting licenses issued by the FCC, which are issued currently for a maximum term of five years for television and seven years for radio. The majority of the Company's operating licenses expire at various times in 1996 and 1997. Although it is rare for the FCC to deny a renewal application, there can be no assurance that the pending or future renewal applications will be approved, or that such renewals will not include conditions or qualifications that could adversely affect the Company's operations. Moreover, governmental regulations and policies may change over time and there can be no assurance that such changes would not have a material adverse impact upon the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. COMPETITION; BUSINESS RISKS. Broadcasting is a highly competitive business. Jacor's radio and television stations compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other radio and television stations, as well as with other media, such as newspapers, magazines, cable television, outdoor advertising and direct mail, within their respective geographic areas. Audience ratings and revenue shares are subject to change and any adverse change in a particular geographic area could have a material and adverse effect on the revenue of stations located in that geographic area. Future operations are further subject to many variables which could have an adverse effect upon Jacor's financial performance. These variables include economic conditions, both generally and relative to the broadcasting industry; shifts in population and other demographics; the level of competition for advertising dollars with other radio stations, television stations and other entertainment and communications media; fluctuations in operating costs; technological changes and innovations; changes in labor conditions; and changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of federal regulatory bodies. Although the Company believes that each of its stations will be able to compete effectively in its respective broadcast area, there can be no assurance that any such station will be able to maintain or increase its current audience ratings and advertising revenues. SUBSTANTIAL LEVERAGE AND LIMITED FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY. The Pending Transactions and this Offering may result in a higher level of indebtedness for the Company. The Company's outstanding indebtedness may have the following important consequences: (i) significant interest expense and principal repayment obligations resulting in substantial annual fixed charges; (ii) significant limitations on the Company's ability to obtain additional debt financing; and (iii) increased vulnerability to adverse general economic and industry 10 conditions. In addition, the Credit Facility has a number of financial covenants, including interest coverage, debt service coverage and a maximum ratio of debt to earnings before other expenses (income), interest, expenses, taxes, depreciation and amortization. SHARE OWNERSHIP BY ZELL/CHILMARK. Zell/Chilmark Fund L.P. ("Zell/Chilmark") currently holds approximately 42.7% of the outstanding Common Stock. The large share ownership of Zell/Chilmark may have the effect of discouraging certain types of transactions involving an actual or potential change of control of Jacor, including transactions in which the holders of Common Stock might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over then-current market prices. By virtue of its current control of Jacor, Zell/Chilmark could sell large amounts of Common Stock by causing Jacor to file a registration statement with respect to such stock. In addition, Zell/Chilmark could sell its shares of Common Stock without registration pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). Jacor can make no prediction as to the effect, if any, that such sales of shares of Common Stock would have on the prevailing market price. Sales of substantial amounts of Common Stock, or the availability of such shares for sale, could adversely affect prevailing market prices. Sales or transfers of Common Stock by Zell/Chilmark could result in another person or entity becoming the controlling shareholder of Jacor. KEY PERSONNEL. Jacor's business is dependent upon the performance of certain key employees, including its Chief Executive Officer and its President. Jacor employs several on-air personalities with significant loyal audiences in their respective broadcast areas. Jacor generally enters into long-term employment agreements with its key on-air talent to protect its interests in those relationships, but there can be no assurance that all such on-air personalities will remain with Jacor. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. This Prospectus sets forth or incorporates by reference forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act. Discussions containing such forward-looking statements may be found in the material set forth under "Summary" and "Business," as well as within the Prospectus generally. In addition, when used in this Prospectus, the words "believes," "anticipates," "expects" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results in the future could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements as a result of the risk factors set forth above and the matters set forth or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus generally. Jacor undertakes no obligation to publicly release the result of any revisions to these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect any future events or circumstances. Jacor cautions the reader, however, that this list of risk factors may not be exhaustive. 11 TRANSACTIONS RECENTLY COMPLETED ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS In February 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement to acquire Citicasters through a merger of Citicasters with and into a wholly owned Jacor subsidiary (the "Citicasters Merger"). Citicasters owned and/or operated 19 radio stations, located in Atlanta, Phoenix, Tampa, Portland, Kansas City, Cincinnati, Sacramento, Columbus and two television stations, one located in Tampa and one in Cincinnati. The Citicasters Merger enhanced Jacor's existing station portfolios in Atlanta, Tampa and Cincinnati and created new multiple radio station platforms in Phoenix, Portland, Kansas City, Sacramento and Columbus. Jacor consummated the Citicasters Merger in September 1996 for an approximate aggregate value of $847.3 million, which included the purchase of all outstanding shares of Citicasters common stock, the assumption of Citicasters outstanding indebtedness and the issuance of warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,400,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $28.00 per full share (the "Citicasters Warrants"). In order to complete the Citicasters Merger, Jacor agreed with the Antitrust Division to divest WKRQ-FM in Cincinnati no later than February 1997. Also, in February 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement to acquire Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. ("Noble"), which owned ten radio stations serving Denver, St. Louis and Toledo, and the right to provide programming to and sell the air time for one AM and one FM station serving the San Diego broadcast area (the "Noble Acquisition"). The Noble Acquisition enhanced Jacor's existing portfolio in Denver where it now owns eight stations, in addition to creating new multiple station platforms in St. Louis and Toledo. Jacor consummated the Noble Acquisition in July 1996 for an aggregate consideration of approximately $152.0 million in cash. In February 1996, Jacor sold the business and certain operating assets of radio stations WMYU-FM and WWST-FM in Knoxville. Jacor received approximately $6.5 million in cash for this sale, generating a gain of approximately $2.5 million. In March 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement for the sale of the assets of WBRD-AM in Tampa for approximately $0.5 million in cash. The sale of WBRD-AM was completed in June 1996. In March 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement to acquire the FCC licenses of WCTQ-FM and WAMR-AM in Venice, Florida and to purchase certain real estate and transmission facilities necessary to operate the stations. In June 1996, Jacor consummated this acquisition for a purchase price of approximately $4.4 million. In June 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement to acquire the FCC licenses of WLAP-AM, WMXL-FM and WWYC-FM servicing Lexington, Kentucky and to purchase real estate and transmission facilities necessary to operate the stations. In August 1996, Jacor consummated this acquisition for a purchase price of approximately $14.0 million. Also, in June 1996, Jacor agreed to finance the purchase by Critical Mass Media, Inc. ("CMM") of a 40% interest in a newly formed limited liability company that agreed to purchase for approximately $0.5 million the assets of Duncan American Radio, Inc. CMM is a marketing research and radio consulting business which is owned by a limited partnership of which Jacor is the 5% general partner and a corporation wholly owned by Randy Michaels, the Chief Executive Officer of Jacor, is the 95% limited partner. This transaction was completed by Jacor in June 1996. In September 1996, Jacor entered into a binding agreement with a subsidiary of Gannett Co., Inc. ("Gannett") to effect an exchange of Jacor's Tampa television station, WTSP-TV, acquired by Jacor in the Citicasters Merger, for six of Gannett's radio stations (the "Gannett Exchange"). In December 1996, Jacor and Gannett consummated the Gannett Exchange subject only to a possible unwinding of the transaction in the event a final order from the FCC cannot be obtained. The stations Jacor acquired are KIIS-FM and KIIS-AM in Los Angeles, KSDO-AM and KKBH-FM in San Diego and WUSA-FM and WDAE-AM in Tampa-St. Petersburg (the "Selected Gannett Radio Stations"). The Company will rename WUSA-FM to WUKS-FM as Gannett retained the WUSA-FM call letters. The Gannett Exchange enhanced Jacor's existing station portfolios in San Diego and Tampa and created a new multiple radio station platform in the 12 Los Angeles broadcast area. In connection with the closing of the Gannett Exchange, Jacor and Gannett agreed that they will value the exchanged assets at $170.0 million for tax purposes. Jacor believes that this transaction constituted a tax-free like-kind exchange. PENDING TRANSACTIONS In May 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement with Enterprise Media of Toledo, L.P. to acquire the FCC licenses of WIOT-FM and WCWA-AM in Toledo, Ohio and to purchase real estate and transmission facilities necessary to operate the stations. The purchase price for the assets is $13.0 million which amount has been placed in escrow pending the closing of the transaction. Jacor has entered into an LMA with respect to these stations. These stations will enhance Jacor's existing radio station portfolio in the Toledo broadcast area. In July 1996, Jacor entered into an agreement with New Wave Communications, L.P. and New Wave Broadcasting, Inc. to acquire the FCC licenses of WSPB-AM, WSRZ-FM and WYNF-FM in Sarasota, Florida and to purchase leasehold interests in real estate and transmission facilities necessary to operate the stations. The purchase price for the assets is $12.5 million, subject to a maximum purchase price of $15.0 million based upon the timing of the closing. In August 1996, Jacor entered into agreements with Sarasota-Charlotte Broadcasting Corporation to acquire certain assets, a construction permit and related real estate for radio station WEDD-FM in Englewood, Florida for an aggregate of $0.8 million. In October 1996, Jacor entered into a definitive merger agreement with Regent Communications, Inc. ("Regent") whereby Regent will merge with and into Jacor (the "Regent Merger"). Regent owns, operates or represents 20 radio stations located in Kansas City, Salt Lake City, Las Vegas, Louisville and Charleston, South Carolina. Of these 20 stations, Regent currently is operating under an LMA with respect to two such stations subject to Regent's option to purchase such stations and Regent is representing two such stations under JSAs and has a definitive merger agreement to acquire another such station. Regent entered into an LMA with Jacor such that Jacor commenced the activities contemplated by the LMA with regard to the Regent stations on December 1, 1996 and Regent assigned to Jacor its existing LMAs and JSAs. In addition, the owner of the station which Regent is to acquire pursuant to a definitive merger agreement entered into an LMA with Jacor that became effective December 1, 1996. The Regent Merger will enhance Jacor's existing station portfolio in Kansas City and will create new multiple station platforms in the attractive high growth Salt Lake City and Las Vegas broadcast areas. The merger consideration to be paid by Jacor to the Regent stockholders consists of 3.55 million shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement), warrants to acquire an aggregate of 500,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $40 per full share (the "Regent Warrants"), and up to $64.0 million in cash to be used to repay outstanding Regent indebtedness. In the event that the value of the Common Stock to be received by the Regent stockholders is less than $116.0 million, at Jacor's option: (a) Jacor may make up the difference by the delivery of additional shares of Common Stock; (b) pay the difference in cash; or (c) pay all of the merger consideration in cash. The HSR Act waiting period with respect to the Regent Merger expired on November 22, 1996. In October 1996, Jacor also entered into binding agreements with Par Broadcasting Company, Inc. and Par Broadcasting Company (collectively, "Par") to purchase four radio stations in San Diego, KOGO-AM, KCBQ-AM, KIOZ-FM and KKLQ-FM, for $72.0 million in cash (the "Par Transaction") and with Entertainment Communications, Inc. ("Entercom") to sell two radio stations in Sacramento, KSEG-FM and KRXQ-FM, for $45.0 million in cash (the "Entercom Transaction"). Although these transactions are not directly contingent upon each other, Jacor anticipates that these transactions will occur in a manner that permits the transactions to be treated as a tax-free like-kind exchange. The HSR Act waiting period with respect to the Entercom Transaction expired on December 1, 1996. Jacor has entered into an LMA with Entercom such that Entercom will commence the activities contemplated by the LMA with regard to the Sacramento stations on January 1, 1997. Par has entered into an LMA with Jacor such that Jacor will commence the activities contemplated by the LMA with regard to the San Diego stations upon the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act. See "Risk Factors -- Pending Transactions." 13 In October 1996, Jacor entered into a binding agreement with Nationwide Communications, Inc. ("Nationwide") whereby Jacor will exchange the assets of its two radio stations in Phoenix, KSLX-AM and KSLX-FM, for the assets of Nationwide's two radio stations in San Diego, KGB-FM and KPOP-AM (the "Nationwide Exchange"). The assets to be exchanged are valued by Jacor and Nationwide at approximately $45.0 million. Jacor anticipates that this transaction will constitute a tax-free like-kind exchange. This transaction is contingent upon the successful closing of Nationwide's agreement to purchase KGB-FM and KPOP-AM from KGB, Inc. Nationwide has assigned to Jacor its rights under an LMA with KGB, Inc. such that Jacor will commence the activities contemplated by the LMA with regard to the San Diego stations upon the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act. Jacor has entered into an LMA with Nationwide such that Nationwide will commence the activities contemplated by the LMA with regard to the Phoenix stations upon the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act. In connection with entering into the agreements with Nationwide, Jacor also announced that it intends to sell KCBQ-AM in San Diego, upon its acquisition from Par, to EXCL Communications, Inc. ("EXCL"). No binding agreement has yet been entered into with EXCL. Together, the Par Transaction, the Nationwide Exchange and the contemplated sale of KCBQ-AM will enhance Jacor's existing radio station portfolio in San Diego, where Jacor will then own eight stations. See "Risk Factors -- Pending Transactions." In October 1996, Jacor entered into three separate binding agreements with three unaffiliated radio broadcast companies whereby Jacor will acquire the FCC licenses and assets of a total of nine radio stations. These agreements are with Palmer Broadcasting Limited Partnership to acquire WHO-AM and KLYF-FM in Des Moines and WMT-AM and WMT-FM in Cedar Rapids for a purchase price of $52.5 million in cash (the "Palmer Transaction"); with Clear Channel Radio, Inc. to purchase KTWO-AM, KMGW-FM and the Wyoming Radio Network, in Casper, Wyoming for a purchase price of $1.9 million in cash; and with Colfax Communications to acquire KIDO-AM and KLTB-FM in Boise, Idaho and KARO-FM in Caldwell, Idaho for a purchase price of $11.0 million in cash. Jacor received early termination of the HSR Act waiting period with respect to the Palmer Transaction on November 18, 1996. In November 1996, Jacor entered into a binding agreement with Stanford Capital Communications, Inc. ("Stanford") to acquire the FCC licenses and operating assets of radio stations WKQQ-FM in Lexington, Kentucky and WXZZ-FM and WTKT-AM in Georgetown, Kentucky (the "Stanford Transaction"). The purchase price for the assets is $24.0 million in cash, of which $1.2 million has been placed in escrow pending the closing of the transaction. In addition, Jacor was assigned an option to purchase certain real estate for $0.1 million in cash. The Stanford Transaction is contingent upon the successful closing of Stanford's agreement to purchase WKQQ-FM, WXZZ-FM and WTKT-AM from Village Communications, Inc. ("Village"). Stanford has assigned to Jacor its rights under an LMA with Village such that Jacor will commence the activities contemplated by the LMA upon the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act. In December 1996, Jacor entered into four separate binding agreements with unaffiliated parties whereby Jacor will acquire the FCC licenses and assets of a total of six radio stations. Jacor will acquire (i) WAHC-FM, licensed to Circleville, Ohio, and WAKS-FM, licensed to Marysville, Ohio, from Tel Lease, Inc.; (ii) KGLL-FM in Greeley, Colorado from Duchossois Communications Company of Colorado, Inc. (the "Duchossois Transaction"); (iii) KCOL-AM and KPAW-FM in Fort Collins, Colorado from University Broadcasting Company, L.P. (the "University Transaction"); and (iv) WJCM-AM in Sebring, Florida from Rumbuat Management, Inc. Jacor does not currently intend to continue operating the Florida radio station. The aggregate purchase price for the six radio stations is approximately $15.7 million, of which approximately $4.0 million has been placed in escrow pending the closing of the transactions. The closing of each of the Duchossois Transaction and the University Transaction is contingent upon the closing of the other of such two transactions. Jacor has entered into an LMA with Tel Lease, Inc. such that Jacor commenced the activities contemplated by the LMA with regard to WAHC-FM and WAKS-FM on December 7, 1996. All of the Pending Transactions are subject to various conditions, including approval by the FCC. The Par Transaction, the Nationwide Exchange and the Stanford Transaction are further subject to termination or expiration of the applicable waiting periods under the HSR Act. See "Risk Factors -- Pending Transactions" and "-- Increased Antitrust Scrutiny." 14 USE OF PROCEEDS The net proceeds (after deducting estimated expenses and underwriting discounts and commissions) to JCC from the sale of the Notes offered hereby are estimated to be $144.8 million. Jacor intends to use the net proceeds from the Offering (i) to finance the remaining purchase price of the Pending Transactions; (ii) to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facility; and (iii) for general corporate purposes, including acquisition of other broadcast properties and repayment of other indebtedness. In June 1996, Jacor entered into a credit facility (the "Credit Facility") with certain banks and other financial institutions. The Credit Facility provides availability of $600.0 million of loans in three components: (i) a revolving credit facility of up to $200.0 million with mandatory semi-annual commitment reductions beginning March 18, 1999 and a final maturity date of September 18, 2003; (ii) a term loan of $300.0 million with scheduled semi-annual reductions beginning March 18, 1998 and a final maturity date of September 18, 2003; and (iii) a tranche B term loan of $100.0 million with scheduled semi-annual reductions beginning March 18, 1999 and a final maturity date of September 18, 2004. The Credit Facility bears interest at a rate that fluctuates with a bank base rate and/or the Eurodollar rate per annum, and at October 31, 1996 this rate was 7.73%. Jacor borrowed monies under the Credit Facility to (i) finance a portion of the cash consideration paid in the Citicasters Merger, and (ii) fund $100 million of the repurchase price of the 9 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2004 issued by JCC (the "9 3/4% Notes"). The Citicasters Merger constituted a change in control for the purposes of the indenture under which the 9 3/4% Notes were issued and Jacor was required to make an offer to repurchase such notes at 101% of their aggregate principal amount. The holders of $106.9 million in principal amount of the 9 3/4% Notes elected in October 1996 to sell their 9 3/4% Notes to Jacor pursuant to Jacor's repurchase offer. In November 1996, Jacor entered into discussions to expand the availability under the Credit Facility from up to $600.0 million to up to $750.0 million, among other things. Jacor is discussing with the lenders that the components of the increased Credit Facility consist of a revolving credit faciity with an availability of up to $450.0 million, a $200.0 million seven-year amortizing term loan and a $100.0 million up to eight-year amortizing term loan. There can be no assurance that the availability under the Credit Facility will be increased or that the components of the Credit Facility will be revised. Consummation of the Offering is not subject to an expansion or revision of the Credit Facility or consummation of any of the Pending Transactions. 15 CAPITALIZATION The following sets forth the capitalization of Jacor on an actual basis as of September 30, 1996 and as adjusted to give effect to the Citicasters Put (as defined below), the Offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom.
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 -------------------------- PRO FORMA AS ACTUAL ADJUSTED ------------ ------------ (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) Cash(1)............................................................................... $ 52,821 $ 88,000 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Long-term debt, including current portion:(2) Credit Facility(1)(3)............................................................. $ 400,000 $ 400,000 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006............................................ -- 150,000 10 1/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006........................................ 100,000 100,000 9 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2004(3)...................................... 125,000 18,125 Liquid Yield Option Notes due 2011(4)............................................. 117,090 117,090 ------------ ------------ Total long-term debt.......................................................... 742,090 785,215 ------------ ------------ Shareholders' equity: Common Stock, $.01 par value(5)................................................... 312 312 Additional paid-in capital........................................................ 430,307 430,307 Citicasters Warrants.............................................................. 72,644 72,644 Retained earnings................................................................. 24,992 24,992 ------------ ------------ Total shareholders' equity.................................................... 528,255 528,255 ------------ ------------ Total capitalization.................................................................. $ 1,270,345 $ 1,313,470 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
- ------------------------------ (1) Jacor has entered into discussions to revise its Credit Facility to increase the revolving credit facility component to up to $450.0 million and to decrease the term loan facility components to an aggregate of $300.0 million. Jacor believes such revision, if finalized, would permit the Company to utilize excess cash to reduce outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facility by repaying indebtedness under the increased revolving credit facility without creating a permanent reduction in availability. Pro forma indebtedness reflecting the proposed revisions to the Credit Facility would result in borrowings under the Credit Facility of $342.0 million and total long-term debt of $702.2 million. (2) See Notes 4 and 5 of Notes to Jacor's consolidated financial statements which are incorporated herein by reference from Jacor's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996 for additional information regarding the components and terms of Jacor's long-term debt. (3) As a result of a change of control covenant in the 9 3/4% Notes, the holders thereof, upon consummation of the Citicasters Merger, had the option to require Jacor to repurchase the 9 3/4% Notes at 101% of the principal amount thereof. Upon such repurchase offer, the holders of approximately $106.9 million of 9 3/4% Notes exercised such option on October 18, 1996 (the "Citicasters Put"). Jacor funded such purchase with excess cash and $100.0 million of additional borrowings under the Credit Facility. (4) The LYONs are convertible at any time on or prior to maturity into Common Stock at a conversion rate of 13.412 shares per LYON, and are not redeemable by Jacor prior to June 12, 2001 and are subject to mandatory redemption at the option of the holders on June 12, 2001 and June 12, 2006. No cash interest or similar payment is required in connection with the LYONs. The LYONs are obligations of Jacor Communications, Inc. but not of JCC. See "Description of Other Indebtedness -- The LYONs". (5) Excludes (i) options outstanding on the date hereof to purchase approximately 2,030,000 shares of Common Stock at a weighted average exercise price of $11.84, which options have been granted to (a) employees under Jacor's 1993 Stock Option Plan and 1995 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, and (b) Jacor's non-employee directors, (ii) the Citicasters Warrants, (iii) the Regent Warrants, (iv) units granted to Jacor's non-employee directors in July 1996 to acquire 14,960 shares of Common Stock and (v) units granted to certain Jacor executive officers in November 1996 to acquire 22,488 shares of Common Stock. 16 BUSINESS GENERAL Jacor, upon consummation of the Pending Transactions, will be the second largest radio group in the nation as measured by gross revenue and will own and/or operate 101 radio stations and one television station in 24 broadcast areas across the United States. Jacor's strategic objective is to be a leading radio broadcaster by operating multiple radio station platforms in each of its broadcast areas. The Company's broadcast areas are among the most attractive in the country, demonstrating, as a group, radio revenue growth in excess of the radio industry average over the last five years. In 1995, the Company would have been the top billing radio group in 15 of its 24 broadcast areas and would have had net revenue and broadcast cash flow of $383.9 million and $121.9 million, respectively. Jacor's principal executive offices are currently located at 1300 PNC Center, 201 East Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 and its telephone number is (513) 621-1300. By December 31, 1996, Jacor will relocate its principal executive offices to 50 East River Center Boulevard, 12th Floor, Covington, Kentucky 41011 and its telephone number will be (606) 655-2267. The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Company and its broadcast areas:
COMPANY DATA BROADCAST AREA DATA ------------------------------------ ---------------------------------- 1995 RADIO 1995 1990-1995 RADIO AUDIENCE NO. OF STATIONS 1995 RADIO REVENUE REVENUE SHARE ---------------- ARBITRON REVENUE CAGR BROADCAST AREA RANK % AM FM TV RANK RANK % - -------------------- ------- ------- ---- ---- ---- ------------ ------- --------- Los Angeles......... 5 3.4 1 1 -- 2 1 3.6 Atlanta............. 1 15.2 1 3 -- 12 10 9.2 San Diego(1)(2)..... 1 20.9 3 5 -- 15 16 5.5 St. Louis........... 5 9.4 1 2 -- 17 18 4.5 Tampa............... 1 33.3 2 5 -- 21 21 6.2 Denver(3)........... 1 33.1 4 4 -- 23 14 8.6 Portland............ 1 18.4 1 2 -- 24 23 8.4 Cincinnati(2)(3).... 1 32.4 2 3 1 25 20 7.4 Kansas City......... 1 21.5 1 3 -- 26 32 4.3 Columbus............ 1 24.7 2 5 -- 32 28 6.7 Salt Lake City(3)... 1 21.7 1 4 -- 35 33 9.3 Las Vegas........... 1 22.1 -- 4 -- 48 42 11.8 Louisville.......... 2 20.9 1 4 -- 49 45 5.8 Jacksonville........ 2 22.8 2 3 -- 53 46 7.9 Toledo.............. 1 35.8 2 3 -- 75 74 5.6 Sarasota/Bradenton... 1 10.4 1 2 -- 79 176 N/A Charleston.......... 2 13.5 -- 2 -- 87 90 4.8 Des Moines.......... 1 19.9 1 1 -- 89 69 8.4 Lexington........... 1 39.2 2 4 -- 105 79 6.4 Boise............... 2 17.6 1 2 -- 130 104 9.5 Cedar Rapids........ 1 25.3 1 1 -- 197 127 4.9 Casper.............. 3 21.0 1 1 -- 263 249 N/A Fort Collins/Greeley(4)... N/A N/A 1 2 -- N/A N/A N/A Venice/Englewood(4)... N/A N/A 1 2 -- N/A N/A N/A
- ------------------------ (1) Excludes two radio stations located in Baja California, Mexico on which Jacor provides programming to and sells air time for under an exclusive sales agency agreement. (2) Excludes KCBQ-AM in San Diego and WKRQ-FM in Cincinnati which the Company will divest (see "Transactions"). (3) Excludes one station in Denver, three stations in Cincinnati and two stations in Salt Lake City on which the Company sells or will sell advertising time pursuant to joint sales agreements (see "Business -- Radio Station Overview"). (4) The Fort Collins/Greeley and Venice/Englewood broadcast areas do not have Arbitron ranks. 17 BUSINESS STRATEGY Jacor's strategic objective is to be a leading radio broadcaster in each of its broadcast areas. Jacor intends to acquire individual radio stations or radio groups that strengthen its strategic position and that maximize the operating performance of its broadcast properties. Specifically, Jacor's business strategy centers upon: REVENUE LEADERSHIP. Jacor strives to maximize the audience ratings in each of its broadcast areas in order to capture the largest share of the radio advertising revenue and attract advertising away from other media in that broadcast area. Jacor focuses on those locations where it believes it has the potential to be a leading radio group. By operating multiple radio stations in its broadcast areas, Jacor is able to operate its stations at lower costs, supply more diverse programming and provide advertisers with the greatest access to targeted demographic groups. ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF BROADCAST PROPERTIES. Jacor's acquisition strategy focuses on acquiring both developed, cash flow producing stations and underdeveloped "stick" properties (i.e., stations with insignificant ratings and little or no positive broadcast cash flow) that complement its existing portfolio and strengthen its overall strategic position. Jacor has been able to improve the ratings of "stick" properties with increased marketing and focused programming that complements its existing radio station formats. Additionally, Jacor increases the revenues and cash flow of "stick" properties by encouraging advertisers to buy advertising in a package with its more established stations. The Company may enter new locations through acquisitions of radio groups that have multiple station ownership in their respective broadcast areas. The Company may also seek to acquire individual stations in new locations that it believes are fragmented and where a revenue-leading position can be created through additional acquisitions. The Company may exit locations it views as having limited strategic appeal by selling or exchanging existing stations for stations in other locations where the Company operates, or for stations in new locations. Additionally, the Company may enter new locations situated near Jacor's core broadcast areas. The Company believes that it will be able to leverage the costs associated with the delivery of high quality, high cast programming of topical interest throughout these geographical regions, which programming would not otherwise be economically viable in such smaller broadcast areas. Utilizing this strategy, Jacor has recently entered into agreements or closed transactions to acquire radio stations in Venice/Englewood, Florida; Lexington, Kentucky; Sarasota/Bradenton, Florida; Casper, Wyoming; and Fort Collins/Greeley, Colorado. DIVERSE FORMAT EXPERTISE. Jacor management has developed programming expertise over a broad range of radio formats. This management expertise enables Jacor to specifically tailor the programming of each station in a broadcast area in order to maximize Jacor's overall strategic position. Jacor utilizes sophisticated research techniques to identify opportunities within each broadcast area and programs its stations to provide complete coverage of a demographic or format type. This strategy allows Jacor to deliver highly effective access to a target demographic and to capture a higher percentage of advertising revenues. DISTINCT STATION PERSONALITIES. Jacor engages in a number of creative programming and promotional efforts designed to create listener loyalty and station brand awareness. Through these efforts, management seeks to cultivate a distinct personality for each station based upon the unique characteristics of each broadcast area. Jacor hires dynamic on-air personalities for key morning and afternoon "drive times" and provides comprehensive news, traffic and weather reports to create active listening by the audience. This commitment to "foreground" or "high impact" programming has successfully generated significant audience share. One of the methods Jacor utilizes to develop the personality of its AM radio stations is by broadcasting professional sporting events and related programming. Currently, Jacor has the broadcast rights for the Cincinnati Reds, Cincinnati Bengals, Colorado Rockies, Denver Broncos, Los Angeles Kings, Portland Trail Blazers and San Diego Chargers. Sports broadcasting serves as a key "magnet" for attracting audiences to a station and then introducing them to other programming features, such as local and national news, entertaining talk, and weather and traffic reports. STRONG AM STATIONS. Jacor is an industry leader in successfully operating AM stations. While many radio groups primarily utilize network or simulcast programming on their AM stations, Jacor also develops 18 unique programming for its AM stations to build strong listener loyalty and awareness. Utilizing this operating focus and expertise, Jacor has developed its AM stations in Denver and Cincinnati into the revenue and ratings leaders among both AM and FM stations in their respective broadcast areas. Jacor's targeted AM programming adds to Jacor's ability to increase its revenues and results in more complete coverage of the listener base. Although the cost structure of a large-scale AM station generally results in lower operating margins than typical music-based FM stations, the majority of Jacor's AM stations generate substantial levels of broadcast cash flow. Historically, most other radio broadcast companies have not focused on their AM operations to the same extent as Jacor. Accordingly, most of the AM stations to be acquired meaningfully underperform Jacor's AM stations, and management believes such stations have the potential to generate significant incremental cash flow. POWERFUL BROADCAST SIGNALS. A station's ability to maintain a leadership position depends in part upon the strength of its broadcasting delivery system. A powerful broadcast signal enhances delivery range and clarity, thereby influencing listener preference and loyalty. Many of Jacor's stations' broadcasting signals are among the strongest in their respective broadcast areas reinforcing its leadership position. Jacor opportunistically upgrades the power and quality of the signals of stations it acquires. Following the consummation of the Pending Transactions, Jacor expects that relatively inexpensive technical upgrades in certain broadcast areas will provide for significantly greater signal presence. RADIO STATION OVERVIEW The following table sets forth certain information regarding the 101 radio stations that will be owned and/or operated by the Company upon completion of the Pending Transactions.
TARGET PENDING 1995 COMBINED DEMOGRAPHIC BROADCAST AREA/ ACQUISITION RADIO REVENUE TARGET SHARE %/ STATION (P) RANK FORMAT DEMOGRAPHIC RANK - ------------------- -------------- -------------- -------------------------- ------------- ------------- LOS ANGELES 5 KIIS-FM Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 4.5/6 KIIS-AM Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 -- ATLANTA 1 WPCH-FM Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 9.2/3 WGST-AM/FM(1) News Talk Men 25-54 5.0/8 WKLS-FM Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 13.0/1 DENVER(2) 1 KOA-AM News Talk Men 25-54 10.9/2 KRFX-FM Classic Rock Men 25-54 12.4/1 KBPI-FM Rock Alternative Men 18-34 13.4/2 KTLK-AM Talk Adults 35-64 2.4/13 KHIH-FM Jazz Adults 25-54 4.9/8 KHOW-AM Talk Adults 25-54 2.2/13 KBCO-AM Talk Adults 25-54 -- KBCO-FM Album Oriented Rock Adults 25-54 5.7/7 SAN DIEGO(3)(4) 1 KHTS-FM Rhythmic Hits Adults 18-34 2.5/11 KSDO-AM News Talk Men 25-54 4.5/8 KKBH-FM Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 2.8/9 KOGO-AM P Talk Adults 25-54 1.4/22 KKLQ-FM P Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 4.0/7 KIOZ-FM P Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 7.9/3 KGB-FM P Classic Rock Men 25-54 5.9/1 KPOP-AM P Nostalgia Adults 35-64 1.5/20 ST. LOUIS 5 KMJM-FM Urban Adult Contemporary Adults 25-54 5.3/6 KATZ-FM Black Oldies Adults 25-54 2.1/16 KATZ-AM Urban Talk Adults 35-64 1.6/19
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TARGET PENDING 1995 COMBINED DEMOGRAPHIC BROADCAST AREA/ ACQUISITION RADIO REVENUE TARGET SHARE %/ STATION (P) RANK FORMAT DEMOGRAPHIC RANK - ------------------- -------------- -------------- -------------------------- ------------- ------------- CINCINNATI(2)(4) 1 WLW-AM News Talk Men 25-54 13.5/2 WEBN-FM Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 28.2/1 WOFX-FM Classic Rock Men 25-54 5.7/5 WCKY-AM Talk Adults 35-64 6.8/4 WWNK-FM Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 5.8/5 TAMPA 1 WFLA-AM News Talk Adults 35-64 6.6/5 WFLZ-FM Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 15.2/1 WDUV-FM Beautiful/EZ Adults 35+ 9.4/1 WXTB-FM Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 19.2/1 WTBT-FM Classic Rock Men 18-34 5.3/6 WUKS-FM(5) Hot Adult Contemporary Women 18-34 10.3/2 WDAE-AM Hot Adult Contemporary Women 18-34 -- PORTLAND 1 KEX-AM News Talk Adults 35-64 5.3/6 KKCW-FM Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 12.1/1 KKRZ-FM Contemporary Hit Radio Women 18-34 14.6/1 COLUMBUS 1 WTVN-AM Adult Contemporary/Talk Adults 35-64 8.3/3 WLVQ-FM Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 13.0/2 WHOK-FM Country Adults 25-54 3.8/9 WLLD-FM Country Adults 25-54 2.2/12 WLOH-AM News Adults 35-64 -- WAKS-FM P Classic Rock Men 25-54 3.2/10 WAHC-FM P Oldies/70's Men 25-54 1.6/14 KANSAS CITY 1 WDAF-AM Country Adults 35-64 7.7/3 KYYS-FM Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 11.4/3 KMXV-FM P Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 9.1/4 KUDL-FM P Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 8.9/1 SALT LAKE CITY(2) 1 KALL-AM P Talk Adults 35-64 5.5/5 KODJ-FM P Oldies Women 25-54 10.9/2 KKAT-FM P Country Adults 25-54 4.8/7 KURR-FM P New Rock Men 18-34 5.5/5 KZHT-FM P Contemporary Hit Radio Women 18-34 5.3/8 LAS VEGAS 1 KFMS-FM P Country Adults 25-54 6.2/4 KWNR-FM P Country Adults 25-54 7.5/1 KBGO-FM(1) P Oldies Women 25-54 4.6/8 KSNE-FM P Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 10.8/1 LOUISVILLE 2 WDJX-FM P Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 11.6/2 WFIA-AM P Religion Adults 25-54 -- WVEZ-FM P Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 7.7/2 WSFR-FM P Classic Rock Men 25-54 6.4/4 WSJW-FM(1) P Jazz Adults 25-54 5.2/8 JACKSONVILLE 2 WJBT-FM Urban Adults 18-34 10.5/3 WQIK-FM Country Adults 25-54 9.5/2 WSOL-FM Adult Urban Adults 25-54 5.6/8 WZAZ-AM Urban Talk Adults 35-64 2.9/12 WJGR-AM Talk Adults 25-54 0.9/18 DES MOINES 1 WHO-AM P News Talk Men 25-54 17.7/1 KLYF-FM P Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 11.5/2
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TARGET PENDING 1995 COMBINED DEMOGRAPHIC BROADCAST AREA/ ACQUISITION RADIO REVENUE TARGET SHARE %/ STATION (P) RANK FORMAT DEMOGRAPHIC RANK - ------------------- -------------- -------------- -------------------------- ------------- ------------- TOLEDO 1 WSPD-AM News Talk Adult 35-64 7.4/5 WVKS-FM Contemporary Hit Radio Adults 18-34 17.4/1 WRVF-FM Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 12.2/3 WIOT-FM P Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 21.5/1 WCWA-AM P Nostalgia Adults 35-64 2.5/10 LEXINGTON(6) 1 WMXL-FM Hot Adult Contemporary Women 18-34 13.9/3 WWYC-FM Country Adults 25-54 7.9/4 WLAP-AM Sports Men 25-54 2.5/10 WKQQ-FM P Album Oriented Rock Men 18-34 24.5/1 WXZZ-FM P Rock Alternative Men 18-34 11.8/2T WTKT-AM P Rythm and Blues Adults 35-64 2.6/11 CHARLESTON, S.C. 2 WEZL-FM P Country Adults 25-54 9.0/1 WXLY-FM P Oldies Women 25-54 8.7/1 BOISE(6) 2 KIDO-AM P News Talk Adults 25-54 8.1/2 KARO-FM P Classic Rock Men 25-54 4.8/7 KLTB-FM P Oldies Adults 25-54 5.8/6 CEDAR RAPIDS(6) 1 WMT-AM P Full Service Adults 35-64 11.3/4 WMT-FM P Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 17.7/3 SARASOTA/ 1 BRADENTON(6) WSRZ-FM P Oldies Women 25-54 7.1/2 WYNF-FM P Classic Rock Men 25-54 11.1/1 WSPB-AM P Business News Men 35-64 -- CASPER(6) 3 KTWO-AM P Full Service/Country Adults 35-64 14.6/3 KMGW-FM P Adult Contemporary Women 25-54 12.0/2 FORT COLLINS/ N/A GREELEY(7) KCOL-AM P News Talk Adults 35-64 -- KPAW-FM P Oldies/Adult Contemporary Adults 25-54 -- KGLL-FM P Country Adults 25-54 -- VENICE/ENGLEWOOD(7) N/A WAMR-AM Talk Adults 25-54 -- WCTQ-FM Country Adults 25-54 -- WEDD-FM P -- -- --
- ------------------------------ (1) The Company provides programming and sells air time for the FM station pursuant to a LMA. (2) Excludes stations WAQZ-FM, WAZU-AM and WSAI-AM in Cincinnati and KTCL-FM in Denver on which Jacor sells advertising time for pursuant to JSAs and KBKK-FM and KRKR-FM in Salt Lake City on which Regent sells advertising time for pursuant to JSAs. (3) Excludes XTRA-FM and XTRA-AM, stations Jacor provides programming to and sells air time for under an exclusive sales agency agreement. (4) Excludes KCBQ-AM in San Diego and WKRQ-FM in Cincinnati which the Company will divest (see "Transactions"). (5) Formerly known as WUSA-FM. Jacor acquired the licenses and operating assets of WUSA-FM in the Gannett Exchange while Gannett retained the call letters. (6) Share and rank information is derived from the Spring 1996 Arbitron. (7) The Fort Collins/Greeley and Venice/Englewood broadcast areas do not have Arbitron ranks. TELEVISION Jacor owns a television station in the Cincinnati broadcast area where it currently owns and operates multiple radio stations. By operating a television station in the broadcast area where Jacor has a significant radio presence, Jacor expects to realize significant operating efficiencies including shared news departments 21 and reduction of administrative overhead. Jacor currently operates this television station under a temporary waiver of an FCC rule that restricts ownership of television and radio stations in the same market. This waiver will continue until at least six months after the FCC completes a pending rulemaking proceeding in which it is considering whether to substantially liberalize this rule. The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Cincinnati television station and the broadcast area in which it operates:
STATION RANK(1) NATIONAL TV --------------------- BROADCAST HOUSEHOLDS ADULTS AREA IN DMA(1) TV AGED BROADCAST AREA/STATION RANK(1) (000S) HOUSEHOLDS 25-54 - ------------------------------ ----------- ----------- ----------- ------- Cincinnati/WKRC 29 793 3 1T COMMERCIAL STATIONS IN BROADCAST AREA CABLE ----------------- SUBSCRIBER NETWORK BROADCAST AREA/STATION VHF UHF % AFFILIATION - ------------------------------ ------- ------- ----------- ----------- Cincinnati/WKRC 3 2 61 CBS
- ------------------------------ (1) Rankings for Designated Market Area ("DMA"), 6:00 a.m. to 2:00 a.m., Sunday-Saturday for "TV Households" and "Adults aged 25-54." "T" designates tied. This market information is from Nielsen. ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS Jacor's source of energy used in its broadcasting operations is electricity. No limitations have been placed on the availability of electrical power, and management believes its energy sources are adequate. Management believes that Jacor is currently in material compliance with all statutory and administrative requirements as related to environmental quality and pollution control. 22 DESCRIPTION OF NOTES Set forth below is a summary of certain provisions of the Notes. The Notes will be issued pursuant to an indenture (the "Indenture") to be dated as of , 1996, by and among JCC, the Guarantors and The Bank of New York, as trustee (the "Trustee"). The terms of the Indenture are also governed by certain provisions contained in the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. The following summaries of certain provisions of the Indenture are summaries only, do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to all of the provisions of the Indenture. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. Wherever particular provisions of the Indenture are referred to in this summary, such provisions are incorporated by reference as a part of the statements made and such statements are qualified in their entirety by such reference. The form of the Indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus is a part. A copy of the form of Indenture is available upon request. GENERAL The Notes will be senior subordinated, unsecured, general obligations of JCC, limited in aggregate principal amount to $150.0 million. The Notes will be subordinate in right of payment to certain other debt obligations of JCC. The Notes will be jointly and severally irrevocably and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by the Guarantors. The obligations of each Guarantor under its guarantee, however, will be limited in a manner intended to avoid such guarantee being deemed a fraudulent conveyance under applicable law. See "Fraudulent Transfer Considerations" below. The Notes will be issued only in fully registered form, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof. The Notes will mature on , 2006. The Notes will bear interest at the rate per annum stated on the cover page hereof from the date of issuance or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or provided for, payable semi-annually on and of each year, commencing , 1997 , to the persons in whose names such Notes are registered at the close of business on the or immediately preceding such Interest Payment Date. Interest will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes will be payable, and the Notes may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange, at the office or agency of JCC maintained for such purpose, which office or agency shall be maintained in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. At the option of JCC, payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the Holders of the Notes at the addresses set forth upon the registry books of the Registrar. No service charge will be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes, but JCC may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. Until otherwise designated by JCC, JCC's office or agency will be the corporate trust office of the Trustee presently located at the office of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. SUBORDINATION The Notes and the Guarantees will be general, unsecured obligations of JCC and the Guarantors, respectively, subordinated in right of payment to all Senior Debt of JCC and the Guarantors, as applicable, including the Credit Facility. As of September 30, 1996, JCC had outstanding an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million of secured Senior Debt and $225.0 million of senior subordinated indebtedness ($100.0 million of 10 1/8% Notes and $125.0 million of 9 3/4% Notes). On a pro forma basis, as of September 30, 1996, after giving effect to the Citicasters Put and this Offering and the application of the proceeds from this Offering, JCC would have had outstanding an aggregate of $400.0 million of secured Senior Debt and $268.1 million of senior subordinated indebtedness ($150.0 million of Notes, $100.0 million of 10 1/8% Notes and $18.1 million of 9 3/4% Notes) and Jacor would have had outstanding an aggregate of approximately $117.1 million of LYONS (as defined herein) which would be effectively subordinate to the Notes in right of payment. The Indenture provides that no payment (including any payment which may be payable to any Holder by reason of the subordination of any other indebtedness or other obligations to, or guarantee of, the Notes) or distribution (by set-off or otherwise) may be made by or on behalf of JCC or a Guarantor, as applicable, on account of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes (including any repurchases of Notes) 23 or any other amounts with respect thereto, or on account of the redemption provisions of the Notes, for cash or property (other than Junior Securities, as defined herein), (i) upon the maturity of any Senior Debt of JCC or such Guarantor by lapse of time, acceleration (unless waived) or otherwise, unless and until all principal of, premium, if any, and the interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, such Senior Debt are first paid in full in cash or otherwise to the extent each of the holders of Senior Debt accept satisfaction of amounts due to such holder by settlement in other than cash, or (ii) in the event of default in the payment of any principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, or any other amounts with respect to, Senior Debt of JCC or such Guarantor when it becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by declaration or otherwise (each of the foregoing, a "Payment Default"), unless and until such Payment Default has been cured or waived or otherwise has ceased to exist. Upon (i) the happening of a default (other than a Payment Default) that permits the holders of Senior Debt (or a percentage thereof) to declare such Senior Debt to be due and payable and (ii) written notice of such default given to JCC and the Trustee by the Representative under the Credit Facility or the holders of an aggregate of at least $25.0 million principal amount outstanding of any other Senior Debt or their representative at such holders' direction (a "Payment Notice"), then, unless and until such default has been cured or waived or otherwise has ceased to exist, no payment (including any payment which may be payable to any Holder by reason of the subordination of any other indebtedness or other obligations to, or guarantee of, the Notes) or distribution (by set-off or otherwise) may be made by or on behalf of JCC or any Guarantor which is an obligor under such Senior Debt on account of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes (including any repurchases of any of the Notes), or any other amount with respect thereto, or on account of the redemption provisions of the Notes, in any such case, other than payments made with Junior Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless the Senior Debt in respect of which such default exists has been declared due and payable in its entirety within 179 days after the Payment Notice is delivered as set forth above (the "Payment Blockage Period") (and such declaration has not been rescinded or waived), at the end of the Payment Blockage Period (and assuming that no Payment Default exists), JCC and the Guarantors shall not be prohibited by the subordination provisions from paying all sums then due and not paid to the Holders of the Notes during the Payment Blockage Period due to the foregoing prohibitions and to resume all other payments as and when due on the Notes. Any number of Payment Notices may be given; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (i) not more than one Payment Notice shall be given within a period of any 360 consecutive days, and (ii) no default that existed upon the date of delivery of such Payment Notice (whether or not such default is on the same issue of Senior Debt) shall be made the basis for the commencement of any other Payment Blockage Period. Upon any distribution of assets of JCC or any Guarantor upon any dissolution, winding up, total or partial liquidation or reorganization of JCC or a Guarantor, whether voluntary or involuntary, in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or a similar proceeding or upon assignment for the benefit of creditors or any marshalling of assets or liabilities, (i) the holders of all Senior Debt of JCC or such Guarantor, as applicable, will first be entitled to receive payment in full of all amounts of Senior Debt in cash or otherwise to the extent each of such holders accepts satisfaction of amounts due by settlement in other than cash before the Holders are entitled to receive any payment (including any payment which may be payable to any Holder by reason of the subordination of any other indebtedness or other obligations to, or guarantee of, the Notes) or distribution on account of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on, or any other amounts with respect to, the Notes (other than Junior Securities) and (ii) any payment or distribution of assets of JCC or such Guarantor of any kind or character from any source, whether in cash, property or securities (other than Junior Securities) to which the Holders or the Trustee on behalf of the Holders would be entitled (by set-off or otherwise) except for the subordination provisions contained in the Indenture, will be paid by the liquidating trustee or agent or other person making such a payment or distribution directly to the holders of such Senior Debt or their representative to the extent necessary to make payment in full on all such Senior Debt remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of such Senior Debt. In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or distribution of assets of JCC or any Guarantor (other than Junior Securities) shall be received by the Trustee or the Holders at a time when such payment or distribution is prohibited by the foregoing provisions, such payment or distribution shall be held 24 in trust for the benefit of the holders of such Senior Debt, and shall be paid or delivered by the Trustee or such Holders, as the case may be, to the holders of such Senior Debt remaining unpaid or to their representative or representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any of such Senior Debt may have been issued, ratably according to the aggregate principal amounts remaining unpaid on account of such Senior Debt held or represented by each, for application to the payment of all such Senior Debt remaining unpaid, to the extent necessary to pay all such Senior Debt in full in cash or otherwise to the extent each of the holders of such Senior Debt accept satisfaction of amounts due by settlement in other than cash after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of such Senior Debt. The Indenture will contain other customary subordination provisions, including rights of subrogation and rights to file claims in bankruptcy. As among JCC, the Guarantors and the Holders, no provision contained in the Indenture or the Notes will affect the obligations of JCC and the Guarantors, which are absolute and unconditional, to pay, when due, principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes. The subordination provisions of the Indenture and the Notes will not prevent the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default under the Indenture or limit the rights of the Trustee or any Holder to pursue any other rights or remedies with respect to the Notes. As a result of these subordination provisions, in the event of the liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, receivership or similar proceeding or an assignment for the benefit of the creditors of JCC or any of the Guarantors or a marshalling of assets or liabilities of JCC or any of the Guarantors, holders of the Notes may receive ratably less than other creditors. JCC conducts operations through its subsidiaries. Accordingly, JCC's ability to meet its cash obligations will be dependent upon the ability of its subsidiaries to make cash distributions to JCC. Furthermore, any right of JCC to receive the assets of any such subsidiary upon such subsidiary's liquidation or reorganization effectively will be subordinated by operation of law to the claims of such subsidiary's creditors (including trade creditors) and holders of such subsidiary's preferred stock, except to the extent that JCC is itself recognized as a creditor or preferred stockholder of such subsidiary, in which case the claims of JCC would still be subordinate to any indebtedness or preferred stock of such subsidiary senior in right of payment to that held by JCC. FRAUDULENT TRANSFER CONSIDERATIONS Generally, under various state and federal fraudulent transfer or fraudulent conveyance laws (collectively, the "Fraudulent Transfer Laws"), a Guarantor's obligations under the Guarantee of the Notes could be avoided if a court in a lawsuit by an unpaid creditor of a Guarantor or a representative of such creditors (such as a trustee in bankruptcy or JCC as debtor-in-possession) were to find that (i) the Guarantor did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in exchange for the obligation created by the Notes and (ii) at the time of the issuance of the Notes, the Guarantor (A) was insolvent or became insolvent as a result of the incurrence of the obligations represented by the Notes, (B) was engaged, or was about to be engaged, in a business or transaction for which the property remaining with it was an unreasonably small capital or for which its unencumbered assets constituted unreasonably small capital, or (C) intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay as such debts matured. A court could conclude that a Guarantor did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration to the extent that such Guarantor's liability on its guarantee exceeds the economic benefits that it receives in the Offering. Were a court to so find, the court could avoid the Guarantor's obligation under its guarantee and direct the return of amounts paid thereunder if one or more of the conditions set forth in subparagraphs (ii)(A), (B), or (C) above were also met as to such Guarantor. Management believes, however, that the Guarantees have been structured so as to minimize the likelihood that a court would find that the Guarantor did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for its Guarantee (the "Savings Clause"). No assurance, however, can be given that a court would uphold such a fraudulent transfer Savings Clause. Moreover, there can be no assurance that a court would not limit a Guarantee to an amount equal to the Notes proceeds actually received by any given Guarantor. The determination of insolvency for purposes of the Fraudulent Transfer Laws may vary depending upon the law of the jurisdiction being applied. Generally, however, an entity is insolvent if (i) the sum of its 25 debts (including unliquidated or contingent debts) is greater than all of its property, at a fair valuation or (ii) the present fair saleable value of its assets is less than the amount that will be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts as they become absolute and matured. Additionally, under certain state Fraudulent Transfer Laws, an entity is presumed to be insolvent if it is generally not paying its debts as they become due. Furthermore, a court could avoid JCC's obligations under the Notes and the Guarantors' obligations under their respective Guarantees without regard to the solvency, capitalization and other conditions described in clauses (ii)(A), (B), and (C) above if it finds that the obligations created by the Notes or the Guarantees were incurred with actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud now existing or future creditors. If the obligations under the Notes were to be avoided, there can be no assurance that the recoveries under the Guarantees would be sufficient to pay the outstanding amounts due and owing under the Notes. Moreover, if the obligations of one or more Guarantors were to be avoided, there can be no assurance that the remaining Guarantees would be sufficient to ensure payment in full on the Notes. OPTIONAL REDEMPTION Except as set forth below, JCC will not have the right to redeem any Notes prior to , 2001. The Notes will be redeemable at the option of JCC, in whole or in part, at any time on or after , 2001, upon not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days notice to each holder of Notes, at the following redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) if redeemed during the 12-month period commencing of the years indicated below, in each case (subject to the right of Holders of record on a Record Date to receive interest due on an Interest Payment Date that is on or prior to such Redemption Date) together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the Redemption Date:
YEAR PERCENTAGE - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- 2001............................................................................. % 2002............................................................................. % 2003............................................................................. % 2004 and thereafter.............................................................. 100.000%
In the case of a partial redemption, the Trustee shall select the Notes or portions thereof for redemption on a PRO RATA basis, by lot or in such other manner it deems appropriate and fair. The Notes may be redeemed in part in multiples of $1,000 only. The Notes will not have the benefit of any sinking fund. Notice of any redemption will be sent, by first class mail, at least 30 days and not more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption to the Holder of each Note to be redeemed to such Holder's last address as then shown upon the registry books of the Registrar. Any notice which relates to a Note to be redeemed in part only must state the portion of the principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof and must state that on and after the date of redemption, upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or Notes in a principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued. On and after the date of redemption, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or portions thereof called for redemption, unless JCC defaults in the payment thereof. CERTAIN COVENANTS REPURCHASE OF NOTES AT THE OPTION OF THE HOLDER UPON A CHANGE OF CONTROL The Indenture will provide that in the event that a Change of Control has occurred, each Holder of Notes will have the right, at such Holder's option, pursuant to an irrevocable and unconditional offer by JCC (the "Change of Control Offer"), to require JCC to repurchase all or any part of such Holder's Notes (PROVIDED, that the principal amount of such Notes must be $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) on a date (the "Change of Control Purchase Date") that is no later than 35 Business Days after the occurrence of such Change of Control, at a cash price (the "Change of Control Purchase Price") equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the Change of Control Purchase Date. The Change of Control Offer shall be made within 10 Business Days following a Change of Control and shall 26 remain open for 20 Business Days following its commencement (the "Change of Control Offer Period"). Upon expiration of the Change of Control Offer Period, JCC promptly shall purchase all Notes properly tendered in response to the Change of Control Offer. As used herein, (a) prior to the earlier of (x) the maturity of the 9 3/4% Notes, (y) the date upon which defeasance of the 9 3/4% Notes becomes effective, and (z) the date on which there are no longer any 9 3/4% Notes outstanding under the terms of the governing indenture (each a "9 3/4% Note Event"), a "Change of Control" means any transaction or series of transactions in which any of the following occurs: (i) any person or group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than Zell/Chilmark or any of its Affiliates, becomes the direct or indirect "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of (A) greater than 50% of the total voting power (on a fully diluted basis as if all convertible securities had been converted) entitled to vote in the election of directors of JCC or CitiCo, or the surviving person (if other than the Company), or (B) greater than 20% of the total voting power (on a fully diluted basis as if all convertible securities had been converted) entitled to vote in the election of directors of JCC or CitiCo, or the surviving person (if other than JCC), and such person or group has the ability to elect, directly or indirectly, a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of JCC; or (ii) JCC or CitiCo consolidates with or merges into another person, another person consolidates with or merges into JCC or CitiCo, JCC or CitiCo issues shares of its Capital Stock or all or substantially all of the assets of JCC or CitiCo are sold, assigned, conveyed, transferred, leased or otherwise disposed of to any person as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in one transaction or a series of related transactions and the effect of such consolidation, merger, issuance or sale is as described in clause (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Change of Control shall be deemed to have occurred by virtue of (I) JCC or any of its employee benefit or stock plans filing (or being required to file after the lapse of time) a Schedule 13D or 14D-1 (or any successor or similar schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act) or (II) the purchase by one or more underwriters of Capital Stock of JCC in connection with a Public Offering; and (b) upon and following a 9 3/4% Note Event, a "Change of Control" will mean (i) any merger or consolidation of JCC with or into any person or any sale, transfer or other conveyance, whether direct or indirect, of all or substantially all of any of the assets of JCC, on a consolidated basis, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, if, immediately after giving effect to such transaction(s), any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, whether or not applicable) (other than an Excluded Person) is or becomes the "beneficial owner," directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power in the aggregate normally entitled to vote in the election of directors, managers, or trustees, as applicable, of the transferee(s) or surviving entity or entities, (ii) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, whether or not applicable) (other than an Excluded Person) is or becomes the "beneficial owner," directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power in the aggregate of all classes of Capital Stock of JCC then outstanding normally entitled to vote in elections of directors, or (iii) during any period of 12 consecutive months after the Issue Date, individuals who at the beginning of any such 12-month period constituted the Board of Directors of JCC (together with any new directors whose election by such Board or whose nomination for election by the shareholders of JCC was approved by a vote of a majority of the directors then still in office who were either directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of JCC then in office. On or before the Change of Control Purchase Date, JCC will (i) accept for payment Notes or portions thereof properly tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer, (ii) deposit with the Paying Agent cash sufficient to pay the Change of Control Purchase Price (together with accrued and unpaid interest) of all Notes so tendered and (iii) deliver to the Trustee Notes so accepted together with an Officers' Certificate listing the Notes or portions thereof being purchased by JCC. The Paying Agent promptly will pay the Holders of Notes so accepted an amount equal to the Change of Control Purchase Price (together with accrued and unpaid interest), and the Trustee promptly will authenticate and deliver to such Holders a new Note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered. Any Notes not so accepted will be delivered promptly by JCC to the Holder thereof. JCC publicly will announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control Purchase Date. 27 A change of control under the indenture which governs each of the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes, the 10 1/8% Notes and the LYONs will result in a default under the Credit Facility. Additionally, unless JCC is successful in seeking consents from its lenders under the Credit Facility to permit change of control repurchase offers for each of the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes, the 10 1/8% Notes or the LYONs or JCC is successful in refinancing such borrowings, such event of default under the Credit Facility would constitute an event of default under each of the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes, the 10 1/8% Notes and the LYONs. Such events of default could result in the immediate acceleration of all then outstanding indebtedness under each of the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes, the 10 1/8% Notes and the LYONs. As a result, differences in the definitions of change of control under the indentures for the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes, the 10 1/8% Notes and the LYONs will not have a difference in the effect on JCC or the respective holders other than where the lenders under the Credit Facility have waived such event of default. In the event of such waiver there could be a change of control under the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes and the 10 1/8% Notes which would not result in a change of control under the LYONs or VICE VERSA. See "Description of Other Indebtedness." The Change of Control purchase feature of the Notes may make more difficult or discourage a takeover of JCC, and, thus, the removal of incumbent management. The phrase "all or substantially all" of the assets of JCC will likely be interpreted under applicable state law and will be dependent upon particular facts and circumstances. As a result, there may be a degree of uncertainty in ascertaining whether a sale or transfer of "all or substantially all" of the assets of any of JCC has occurred. In addition, no assurances can be given that JCC will be able to acquire Notes tendered upon the occurrence of a Change of Control. Any Change of Control Offer will be made in compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, including, if applicable, Regulation 14E under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder and all other applicable Federal and state securities laws. LIMITATION ON INCURRENCE OF ADDITIONAL INDEBTEDNESS AND DISQUALIFIED CAPITAL STOCK The Indenture will provide that, except as set forth below in this covenant, JCC and the Subsidiary Guarantors will not, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, issue, assume, guaranty, incur, become directly or indirectly liable with respect to (including as a result of an Acquisition), or otherwise become responsible for, contingently or otherwise (individually and collectively, to "incur" or, as appropriate, an "incurrence"), any Indebtedness or any Disqualified Capital Stock (including Acquired Indebtedness) other than Permitted Indebtedness. Notwithstanding the foregoing limitations, JCC may incur Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock in addition to Permitted Indebtedness: if (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of, or would occur after giving effect on a PRO FORMA basis to, such incurrence of Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock and (ii) on the date of such incurrence (the "Incurrence Date"), the Leverage Ratio of JCC for the Reference Period immediately preceding the Incurrence Date, after giving effect on a PRO FORMA basis to such incurrence of such Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock and, to the extent set forth in the definition of Leverage Ratio, the use of proceeds thereof, would be less than 7.0 to 1. Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock of any person which is outstanding at the time such person becomes a Subsidiary of JCC (including upon designation of any subsidiary or other person as a Subsidiary) or is merged with or into or consolidated with JCC or a Subsidiary of JCC shall be deemed to have been Incurred at the time such Person becomes such a Subsidiary of JCC or is merged with or into or consolidated with JCC or a Subsidiary of JCC, as applicable. LIMITATION ON RESTRICTED PAYMENTS The Indenture will provide that JCC and its Subsidiaries will not, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, make any Restricted Payment if, after giving effect to such Restricted Payment on a PRO FORMA basis, (1) a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (2) JCC is not permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in the covenant "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock," or (3) the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments made by JCC and its Subsidiaries, including after giving effect to such proposed Restricted Payment, from and after the Issue Date, would exceed the sum of (a)(x) 28 100% of the aggregate Consolidated EBITDA of JCC and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for the period (taken as one accounting period), commencing on the first day of the first full fiscal quarter commencing after the Issue Date, to and including the last day of the fiscal quarter ended immediately prior to the date of each such calculation (or, in the event Consolidated EBITDA for such period is a deficit, then minus 100% of such deficit) less (y) 1.4 times Consolidated Fixed Charges for the same period plus (b) the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds received by JCC from the sale of its Qualified Capital Stock (other than (i) to a Subsidiary of JCC and (ii) to the extent applied in connection with a Qualified Exchange), after the Issue Date. The foregoing clauses (2) and (3) of the immediately preceding paragraph, however, will not prohibit (w) payments to Jacor to reimburse Jacor for reasonable and necessary corporate and administrative expenses, (x) Restricted Investments, PROVIDED, that, after giving PRO FORMA effect to such Restricted Investment, the aggregate amount of all such Restricted Investments made on or after the Issue Date that are outstanding (after giving effect to any such Restricted Investments that are returned to JCC or the Subsidiary Guarantor that made such prior Restricted Investment, without restriction, in cash on or prior to the date of any such calculation) at any time does not exceed $5.0 million, (y) a Qualified Exchange, and (z) the payment of any dividend on Qualified Capital Stock within 60 days after the date of its declaration if such dividend could have been made on the date of such declaration in compliance with the foregoing provisions. The full amount of any Restricted Payment made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (x) and (z) of the immediately preceding sentence, however, will be deducted in the calculation of the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments available to be made referred to in clause (3) of the immediately preceding paragraph. LIMITATION ON DIVIDENDS AND OTHER PAYMENT RESTRICTIONS AFFECTING SUBSIDIARIES The Indenture will provide that JCC and its Subsidiaries will not, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, create, assume or suffer to exist any consensual restriction on the ability of any Subsidiary of JCC to pay dividends or make other distributions to or on behalf of, or to pay any obligation to or on behalf of, or otherwise to transfer assets or property to or on behalf of, or make or pay loans or advances to or on behalf of, JCC or any Subsidiary of JCC, except (a) restrictions imposed by the Notes or the Indenture, (b) restrictions imposed by applicable law, (c) existing restrictions under specified Indebtedness outstanding on the Issue Date, (d) restrictions under any Acquired Indebtedness not incurred in violation of the Indenture or any agreement relating to any property, asset, or business acquired by JCC or any of its Subsidiaries, which restrictions in each case existed at the time of acquisition, were not put in place in connection with or in anticipation of such acquisition and are not applicable to any person, other than the person acquired, or to any property, asset or business, other than the property, assets and business so acquired, (e) any such restriction or requirement imposed by Indebtedness incurred under paragraph (f) under the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, provided such restriction or requirement is no more restrictive than that imposed by the Credit Facility as of the Issue Date, (f) restrictions with respect solely to a Subsidiary of JCC imposed pursuant to a binding agreement which has been entered into for the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the Equity Interests or assets of such Subsidiary, provided such restrictions apply solely to the Equity Interests or assets of such Subsidiary which are being sold, and (g) in connection with and pursuant to permitted Refinancings, replacements of restrictions imposed pursuant to clauses (a), (c) or (d) of this paragraph that are not more restrictive than those being replaced and do not apply to any other person or assets than those that would have been covered by the restrictions in the Indebtedness so refinanced. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither (a) customary provisions restricting subletting or assignment of any lease entered into in the ordinary course of business, consistent with industry practice, or other standard non-assignment clauses in contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, (b) Capital Leases or agreements governing purchase money Indebtedness which contain restrictions of the type referred to above with respect to the property covered thereby, nor (c) Liens permitted under the terms of the Indenture on assets securing Senior Debt incurred pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in accordance with the covenant described under "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock" or permitted pursuant to the definition of Permitted Indebtedness shall in and of themselves be considered a restriction on the ability of the applicable Subsidiary to transfer such agreement or assets, as the case may be. 29 LIMITATIONS ON LAYERING INDEBTEDNESS; LIENS The Indenture will provide that JCC and its Subsidiaries will not, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, incur, or, other than with respect to the 10 1/8% Notes, suffer to exist (a) any Indebtedness that is subordinate in right of payment to any other Indebtedness of JCC or a Guarantor unless, by its terms, such Indebtedness (i) has a maturity date subsequent to the Stated Maturity of the Notes and an Average Life longer than that of the Notes and (ii) is subordinate in right of payment to, or ranks PARI PASSU with, the Notes or the Guarantees, as applicable, or (b) other than Permitted Liens, any Lien upon any of its property or assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, or upon any income or profits therefrom securing Indebtedness other than (1) Liens securing Senior Debt incurred pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in accordance with the covenant described under "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock" and (2) Liens securing Senior Debt incurred as permitted pursuant to the definition of Permitted Indebtedness. LIMITATION ON SALE OF ASSETS AND SUBSIDIARY STOCK The Indenture will provide that JCC and its Subsidiaries will not, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, in one or a series of related transactions, sell, transfer, or otherwise dispose of, any of its property, business or assets, including by merger or consolidation (in the case of a Guarantor or a Subsidiary of JCC), and including any sale or other transfer or issuance of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Subsidiary of JCC, whether by JCC or a direct or indirect Subsidiary thereof (an "Asset Sale"), unless (1) within 450 days after the date of such Asset Sale, the Net Cash Proceeds therefrom (the "Asset Sale Offer Amount") are (a) applied to the optional redemption of the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Indenture or to the repurchase of the Notes pursuant to an irrevocable, unconditional cash offer (the "Asset Sale Offer") to repurchase Notes at a purchase price (the "Asset Sale Offer Price") of 100% of principal amount, plus accrued interest to the date of payment, (b) invested in assets and property (other than notes, bonds, obligations and securities) which in the good faith reasonable judgment of the Board of JCC will immediately constitute or be a part of a Related Business of JCC or a Subsidiary (if it continues to be a Subsidiary) immediately following such transaction or (c) used to permanently retire or reduce Senior Debt or Indebtedness permitted pursuant to paragraphs (d), (e) or (f) under the definition of Permitted Indebtedness (including that in the case of a revolver or similar arrangement that makes credit available, such commitment is so permanently reduced by such amount), (2) with respect to any Asset Sale or related series of Asset Sales involving securities, property or assets with an aggregate fair market value in excess of $2.5 million, at least 75% of the consideration for such Asset Sale or series of related Asset Sales (excluding the amount of (A) any Indebtedness (other than the Notes) that is required to be repaid or assumed (and is either repaid or assumed by the transferee of the related assets) by virtue of such Asset Sale and which is secured by a Lien on the property or asset sold and (B) property received by JCC or any such Subsidiary from the transferee that within 90 days of such Asset Sale is converted into cash or Cash Equivalents) consists of cash or Cash Equivalents (other than in the case of an Asset Swap or where JCC is exchanging all or substantially all the assets of one or more Related Businesses operated by JCC or its Subsidiaries (including by way of the transfer of capital stock) for all or substantially all the assets (including by way of the transfer of capital stock) constituting one or more Related Businesses operated by another person, in which event the foregoing requirement with respect to the receipt of cash or Cash Equivalents shall not apply), (3) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of, or would occur after giving effect, on a PRO FORMA basis, to, such Asset Sale, and (4) the Board of JCC determines in good faith that JCC or such Subsidiary, as applicable, receives fair market value for such Asset Sale. The Indenture will provide that an Asset Sale Offer may be deferred until the accumulated Net Cash Proceeds from Asset Sales not applied to the uses set forth in (1)(b) or (1)(c) above (the "Excess Proceeds") exceeds $5.0 million and that each Asset Sale Offer shall remain open for 20 Business Days following its commencement and no longer (the "Asset Sale Offer Period"). Upon expiration of the Asset Sale Offer Period, JCC shall apply the Asset Sale Offer Amount plus an amount equal to accrued interest to the purchase of all Notes properly tendered (on a PRO RATA basis if the Asset Sale Offer Amount is insufficient to purchase all Notes so tendered) at the Asset Sale Offer Price (together with accrued interest). To the extent that the aggregate amount of Notes tendered pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer is less than the Asset Sale Offer Amount, JCC may use any remaining Net Cash Proceeds for general corporate purposes as otherwise 30 permitted by the Indenture and following each Asset Sale Offer the Excess Proceeds amount shall be reset to zero. If required by applicable law, the Asset Sale Offer Period may be extended as so required, however, if so extended it shall nevertheless constitute an Event of Default if within 60 Business Days of its commencement the Asset Sale Offer is not consummated or the properly tendered Notes are not purchased pursuant thereto. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of the first paragraph of this covenant the Indenture will provide that with respect to an Asset Sale Offer, JCC will not be permitted to commence an Asset Sale Offer for the Notes until such time as an Asset Sale Offer for the 9 3/4% Notes and the 10 1/8% Notes in each case if required, has been completed. To the extent that any Excess Proceeds remain after expiration of an Asset Sale Offer Period for the 9 3/4% Notes and the 10 1/8% Notes, JCC may use the remaining Net Cash Proceeds to commence an Asset Sale Offer for the Notes; PROVIDED, that the amount of Net Cash Proceeds used for such Asset Sale Offer for the Notes shall not exceed the amount permitted under the Redemption from the Proceeds on Asset Sales and Limitation on Restricted Payments covenants set forth in the indenture governing the 9 3/4% Notes and with respect to the 10 1/8% Notes the amount required under the covenant Limitation on Sale of Assets and Subsidiary Stock set forth in the indenture governing the 10 1/8% Notes; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that with respect to the 9 3/4% Notes this paragraph shall be of no further force and effect upon the earlier of a 9 3/4% Note Event and with respect to the 10 1/8% Notes this paragraph shall be of no further force and effect upon the earlier of (w) the maturity of the 10 1/8% Notes, (x) the date upon which defeasance of the 10 1/8% Notes become effective, (y) the date on which there are no longer any 10 1/8% Notes outstanding in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing the 10 1/8% Notes and (z) the date on which the Limitation on Sale of Assets and Subsidiary Stock covenant no longer applies in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing the 10 1/8% Notes. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of the first paragraph of this covenant and without complying with the foregoing provisions: (i) JCC and its Subsidiaries may convey, sell, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of assets pursuant to and in accordance with the limitation on mergers, sales or consolidations provisions in the Indenture; (ii) JCC and its Subsidiaries may sell or dispose of inventory or damaged, worn out or other obsolete property in the ordinary course of business so long as such property is no longer necessary for the proper conduct of the business of JCC or such Subsidiary, as applicable; and (iii) any of JCC's Subsidiaries may convey, sell, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of assets to, or merge with or into, JCC or any of its wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantors. All Net Cash Proceeds from an Event of Loss shall be applied to the restoration, repair or replacement of the asset so affected or invested, used for prepayment of Senior Debt, or used to repurchase Notes, all within the period and as otherwise provided above in clauses 1(a) or 1(b)(i) of the first paragraph of this covenant. In addition to the foregoing, JCC will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly make any Asset Sale of any of the Equity Interests of any Subsidiary except pursuant to an Asset Sale of all the Equity Interests of such Subsidiary. Any Asset Sale Offer shall be made in compliance with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, including, if applicable, Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and all other applicable Federal and state securities laws. LIMITATION ON ASSET SWAPS The Indenture will provide that JCC and its Subsidiaries will not, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, in one or a series of related transactions, directly or indirectly, engage in any Asset Swaps, unless: (i) at the time of entering into the agreement to swap assets and immediately after giving effect to the proposed Asset Swap, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof; (ii) JCC would, after giving PRO FORMA effect to the proposed Asset Swap, have been permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in the 31 covenant "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock"; (iii) the respective fair market values of the assets being purchased and sold by JCC or any of its Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the management of JCC or, if such Asset Swap includes consideration in excess of $2.5 million by the Board of Directors of JCC, as evidenced by a Board Resolution) are substantially the same at the time of entering into the agreement to swap assets; and (iv) at the time of the consummation of the proposed Asset Swap, the percentage of any decline in the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the asset or assets being acquired by JCC and its Subsidiaries shall not be significantly greater than the percentage of any decline in the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the assets being disposed of by JCC or its Subsidiaries, calculated from the time the agreement to swap assets was entered into. LIMITATION ON TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES The Indenture will provide that neither JCC nor any of its Subsidiaries will be permitted after the Issue Date to enter into any contract, agreement, arrangement or transaction with any Affiliate (an "Affiliate Transaction"), or any series of related Affiliate Transactions, (other than Exempted Affiliate Transactions) (i) unless it is determined that the terms of such Affiliate Transaction are fair and reasonable to JCC, and no less favorable to JCC than could have been obtained in an arm's length transaction with a non-Affiliate and, (ii) if involving consideration to either party in excess of $5.0 million, unless such Affiliate Transaction(s) is evidenced by (A) an Officers' Certificate addressed and delivered to the Trustee certifying that such Affiliate Transaction (or Transactions) has been approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of JCC that are disinterested in such transaction or, (B) in the event there are no members of the Board of Directors of JCC who are disinterested in such transaction, then so long as JCC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jacor, an Officers' Certificate addressed and delivered to the Trustee certifying that such Affiliate Transaction (or Transactions) have been approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of Jacor that are disinterested in such transaction and (iii) if involving consideration to either party in excess of $10.0 million, unless in addition JCC, prior to the consummation thereof, obtains a written favorable opinion as to the fairness of such transaction to JCC from a financial point of view from an independent investment banking firm of national reputation. LIMITATION ON MERGER, SALE OR CONSOLIDATION The Indenture will provide that JCC will not, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge with or into another person or sell, lease, convey or transfer all or substantially all of its assets (computed on a consolidated basis), whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, to another person or group of affiliated persons or adopt a Plan of Liquidation, unless (i) either (a) JCC is the continuing entity or (b) the resulting, surviving or transferee entity or, in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, the entity which receives the greatest value from such Plan of Liquidation is a corporation organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of JCC in connection with the Notes and the Indenture; (ii) no Default or Event of Default shall exist or shall occur immediately after giving effect on a PRO FORMA basis to such transaction; and (iii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a PRO FORMA basis, the consolidated resulting, surviving or transferee entity or, in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, the entity which receives the greatest value from such Plan of Liquidation would immediately thereafter be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio set forth in the covenant described under "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock." Upon any consolidation or merger or any transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of JCC or consummation of a Plan of Liquidation in accordance with the foregoing, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which JCC is merged or to which such transfer is made or, in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, the entity which receives the greatest value from such Plan of Liquidation shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, JCC under the Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation had been named therein as JCC, and JCC shall be released from the obligations under the Notes and the Indenture except with respect to any obligations that arise from, or are related to, such transaction. 32 For purposes of the foregoing, the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale or otherwise) of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of one or more Subsidiaries, JCC's interest in which constitutes all or substantially all of the properties and assets of JCC shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of JCC. LIMITATION ON LINES OF BUSINESS The Indenture will provide that neither JCC nor any of its Subsidiaries shall directly or indirectly engage to any substantial extent in any line or lines of business activity other than that which is a Related Business. RESTRICTION ON SALE AND ISSUANCE OF SUBSIDIARY STOCK The Indenture will provide that JCC and the Guarantors will not sell, and will not permit any of their Subsidiaries to issue or sell, any Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of JCC to any person other than JCC or a wholly owned Subsidiary of JCC, except for Equity Interests with no preferences or special rights or privileges and with no redemption or prepayment provisions. SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS The Indenture will provide that (i) all present Subsidiaries of JCC and their Subsidiaries (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries), and (ii) all future Subsidiaries of JCC and their Subsidiaries (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries), which are not prohibited from becoming guarantors by law or by the terms of any Acquired Indebtedness or any agreement (other than an agreement entered into in connection with the transaction resulting in such person becoming a Subsidiary of JCC or its Subsidiaries) to which such Subsidiary is a party, jointly and severally, will guaranty irrevocably and unconditionally all principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes on a senior subordinated basis; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that upon any change in the law, Acquired Indebtedness or any agreement (whether by expiration, termination or otherwise) which no longer prohibits a Subsidiary of JCC from becoming a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Subsidiary shall immediately thereafter become a Subsidiary Guarantor; PROVIDED, FURTHER, in the event that any Subsidiary of JCC or their Subsidiaries becomes a guarantor of any other Indebtedness of JCC or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their Subsidiaries, such Subsidiary shall immediately thereafter become a Subsidiary Guarantor. All subsidiaries of JCC (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries) will be subsidiary Guarantors if required by the covenant "Future Subsidiary Guarantors." RELEASE OF GUARANTORS The Indenture will provide that no Guarantor shall consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not such Guarantor is the surviving Person) another Person unless (i) subject to the provisions of the following paragraph and certain other provisions of the Indenture, the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than such Guarantor) assumes all the obligations of such Guarantor pursuant to a supplemental indenture in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, pursuant to which such Person shall unconditionally guarantee, on a senior subordinated basis, all of such Guarantor's obligations under such Guarantor's guarantee, the Indenture on the terms set forth in the Indenture; (ii) immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a PRO FORMA basis, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing; and (iii) immediately after such transaction, the surviving person holds all permits required for operation of the business of, and such entity is controlled by a person or entity (or has retained a person or entity which is) experienced in, operating broadcast properties, or otherwise holds all Permits to operate its business. Upon the sale or disposition (whether by merger, stock purchase, asset sale or otherwise) of a Subsidiary Guarantor or all of its assets to an entity which is not a Subsidiary Guarantor, which transaction is otherwise in compliance with the Indenture (including, without limitation, the provisions of the covenant Limitations on Sale of Assets, and Subsidiary Stock), such Subsidiary Guarantor will be deemed released from its obligations under its Guarantee of the Notes; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any such termination shall occur only to the extent that all obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under all of its guarantees of, and under all of its pledges of assets or other security interests which secure, any Indebtedness of JCC or any other Subsidiary shall also terminate upon such release, sale or transfer. 33 LIMITATION ON STATUS AS INVESTMENT COMPANY The Indenture will prohibit JCC and its Subsidiaries from being required to register as an "investment company" (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended), or from otherwise becoming subject to regulation under the Investment Company Act. REPORTS The Indenture will provide that for so long as Jacor or any successor thereto is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and JCC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jacor, JCC shall deliver to the Trustee and, to each Holder, Jacor's annual and quarterly reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, within 15 days after such reports have been filed with the Commission; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, in the event either (i) Jacor or a successor as set forth above is no longer subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or (ii) JCC is no longer a wholly owned subsidiary of Jacor or a successor as set forth above, the Indenture will provide that whether or not JCC is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, JCC shall deliver to the Trustee and, to each Holder, within 15 days after it is or would have been (if it were subject to such reporting obligations) required to file such with the Commission, annual and quarterly financial statements substantially equivalent to financial statements that would have been included in reports filed with the Commission, if JCC were subject to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including, with respect to annual information only, a report thereon by JCC's certified independent public accountants as such would be required in such reports to the Commission, and, in each case, together with a management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations which would be so required and, to the extent permitted by the Exchange Act or the Commission (if it were subject to such reporting obligations), file with the Commission the annual, quarterly and other reports which it is or would have been required to file with the Commission. EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES The Indenture will define an Event of Default as (i) the failure by JCC to pay any installment of interest on the Notes as and when the same becomes due and payable and the continuance of any such failure for 30 days, (ii) the failure by JCC to pay all or any part of the principal, or premium, if any, on the Notes when and as the same becomes due and payable at maturity, redemption, by acceleration or otherwise, including, without limitation, payment of the Change of Control Purchase Price or the Asset Sale Offer Price, or otherwise, (iii) the failure by JCC or any Guarantor to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the Notes or the Indenture and, subject to certain exceptions, the continuance of such failure for a period of 60 days after written notice is given to JCC by the Trustee or to JCC and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding, (iv) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization in respect of JCC or any of its Significant Subsidiaries, (v) a default in any issue of Indebtedness of JCC or any of their Subsidiaries with an aggregate principal amount in excess of $5.0 million (a) resulting from the failure to pay principal at final maturity or (b) as a result of which the maturity of such Indebtedness has been accelerated prior to its stated maturity, and (vi) final unsatisfied judgments not covered by insurance aggregating in excess of $5.0 million, at any one time rendered against JCC or any of its Subsidiaries and not stayed, bonded or discharged within 60 days. The Indenture provides that if a Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee must, within 90 days after the occurrence of such Default, give to the Holders notice of such Default. If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (iv), above, relating to JCC or any Significant Subsidiary,) then in every such case, unless the principal of all of the Notes shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding, by notice in writing to JCC (and to the Trustee if given by Holders) (an "Acceleration Notice"), may declare all principal, determined as set forth below, and accrued interest thereon to be due and payable immediately; provided, however, that if any Senior Debt is outstanding pursuant to the Credit Facility upon a declaration of such acceleration, such principal and interest shall be due and payable upon the earlier of (x) the third Business Day after the sending to JCC and the Representative of such written notice, unless such Event of Default is cured or waived prior to such date and (y) the date of acceleration of any Senior Debt under the Credit Facility. In the event a declaration of acceleration resulting from an Event of Default described in clause (v) above has occurred and is continuing, 34 such declaration of acceleration shall be automatically annulled if such default is cured or waived or the holders of the Indebtedness which is the subject of such default have rescinded their declaration of acceleration in respect of such Indebtedness within five days thereof and the Trustee has received written notice of such cure, waiver or rescission and no other Event of Default described in clause (v) above has occurred that has not been cured or waived within five days of the declaration of such acceleration in respect of such Indebtedness. If an Event of Default specified in clause (iv), above, relating to JCC or any Significant Subsidiary occurs, all principal and accrued interest thereon will be immediately due and payable on all outstanding Notes without any declaration or other act on the part of Trustee or the Holders. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of Notes at the time outstanding, generally are authorized to rescind such acceleration if all existing Events of Default, other than the non-payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes which have become due solely by such acceleration and except on default with respect to any provision requiring a supermajority approval to amend, which default may only be waived by such a supermajority, and have been cured or waived. Prior to the declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the Notes, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding may waive on behalf of all the Holders any default, except on default with respect to any provision requiring a supermajority approval to amend, which default may only be waived by such a supermajority, and except a default in the payment of principal of or interest on any Note not yet cured or a default with respect to any covenant or provision which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Note affected. Subject to the provisions of the Indenture relating to the duties of the Trustee, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders, unless such Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity. Subject to all provisions of the Indenture and applicable law, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee. LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE The Indenture will provide that JCC may, at its option, elect to have their obligations and the obligations of the Guarantors discharged with respect to the outstanding Notes ("Legal Defeasance"). Such Legal Defeasance means that JCC shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented, and the Indenture shall cease to be of further effect as to all outstanding Notes and Guarantees, except as to (i) rights of Holders to receive payments in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Notes when such payments are due from the trust funds; (ii) JCC's obligations with respect to such Notes concerning issuing temporary Notes, registration of Notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes, and the maintenance of an office or agency for payment and money for security payments held in trust; (iii) the rights, powers, trust, duties, and immunities of the Trustee, and JCC's obligations in connection therewith; and (iv) the Legal Defeasance provisions of the Indenture. In addition, JCC may, at its option and at any time, elect to have the obligations of JCC and the Guarantors released with respect to certain covenants that are described in the Indenture ("Covenant Defeasance") and thereafter any omission to comply with such obligations shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default with respect to the Notes. In the event Covenant Defeasance occurs, certain events (not including non-payment, bankruptcy, receivership, rehabilitation and insolvency events) described under "Events of Default" will no longer constitute an Event of Default with respect to the Notes. In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, (i) JCC must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, U.S. legal tender, U.S. Government Obligations or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Notes on the stated date for payment thereof or on the redemption date of such principal or installment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on such Notes, and the Holders of Notes must have a valid, perfected, exclusive security interest in such trust; (ii) in the case of the Legal Defeasance, JCC shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to Trustee confirming that (A) JCC has received from, or there has been published by the Internal Revenue Service, a 35 ruling or (B) since the date of the Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion of counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of such Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred; (iii) in the case of Covenant Defeasance, JCC shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to such Trustee confirming that the Holders of such Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred; (iv) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or insofar as Events of Default from bankruptcy or insolvency events are concerned, at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit; (v) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under the Indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to which JCC or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which JCC or any of its Subsidiaries is bound; (vi) JCC shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by JCC with the intent of preferring the holders of such Notes over any other creditors of JCC or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of JCC or others; and (vii) JCC shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that the conditions precedent provided for in, in the case of the officers' certificate, (i) through (vi) and, in the case of the opinion of counsel, clauses (i), (with respect to the validity and perfection of the security interest) (ii), (iii) and (v) of this paragraph have been complied with. JCC shall deliver to the Trustee any required consent of the lenders under the Credit Facility to such defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be. AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS The Indenture will contain provisions permitting JCC, the Guarantors and the Trustee to enter into a supplemental indenture for certain limited purposes without the consent of the Holders. With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding, JCC, the Guarantors and the Trustee are permitted to amend or supplement the Indenture or any supplemental indenture or modify the rights of the Holders; provided that no such modification may without the consent of holders of at least 75% in aggregate principal amount of Notes at the time outstanding, modify the provisions (including the defined terms used therein) of the covenant "Repurchase of Notes at the Option of the Holder upon a Change of Control" in a manner adverse to the Holders and provided, that no such modification may, without the consent of each Holder affected thereby: (i) change the Stated Maturity on any Note, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate (or extend the time for payment) of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or change the place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Note or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date), or reduce the Change of Control Purchase Price, the JCC Purchase Price or the Asset Sale Offer Price or alter the provisions (including the defined terms used therein) regarding the right of JCC to redeem the Notes in a manner adverse to the Holders, or (ii) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding Notes, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such amendment, supplemental indenture or waiver provided for in the Indenture, or (iii) modify any of the waiver provisions, except to increase any required percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of the Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Note affected thereby. The Indenture will contain a provision that the subordination provisions may not be amended, modified or waived in a manner adverse to the holders of the Senior Debt without the consent of the Representative on behalf of the Required Lenders (as defined in the Credit Facility) under the Credit Facility. 36 NO PERSONAL LIABILITY OF STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS The Indenture will provide that no direct or indirect stockholder, employee, officer or director, as such, past, present or future of JCC, the Guarantors or any successor entity shall have any personal liability in respect of the obligations of JCC or the Guarantors under the Indenture or the Notes by reason of his or its status as such stockholder, employee, officer or director. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS "ACQUIRED INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock of any person existing at the time such person becomes a Subsidiary of JCC, including by designation, or is merged or consolidated into or with either of JCC or one of its Subsidiaries; PROVIDED, that such Indebtedness was not incurred in anticipation of, or in connection with, and was outstanding prior to such person becoming a Subsidiary of JCC. "ACQUISITION" means the purchase or other acquisition of any person or substantially all the assets of any person by any other person, whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, or other transfer, and whether or not for consideration. "AFFILIATE" means any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with JCC. For purposes of this definition, the term "control" means the power to direct the management and policies of a person, directly or through one or more intermediaries, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise, PROVIDED, THAT, a Beneficial Owner of 10% or more of the total voting power normally entitled to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees, as applicable, shall for such purposes be deemed to constitute control. "ASSET SWAP" means the execution of a definitive agreement, subject only to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, that JCC in good faith believes will be satisfied, for a substantially concurrent purchase and sale, or exchange, of Productive Assets between JCC or any of its Subsidiaries and another person or group of affiliated persons; provided that any amendment to or waiver of any closing condition which individually or in the aggregate is material to the Asset Swap shall be deemed to be a new Asset Swap. "AVERAGE LIFE" means, as of the date of determination, with respect to any security or instrument, the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the sum of (a) the product of the number of years from the date of determination to the date or dates of each successive scheduled principal (or redemption) payment of such security or instrument and (b) the amount of each such respective principal (or redemption) payment by (ii) the sum of all such principal (or redemption) payments. "BENEFICIAL OWNER" or "BENEFICIAL OWNER" for purposes of the definition of Change of Control has the meaning attributed to it in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act (as in effect on the Issue Date), whether or not applicable, except that a "person" shall be deemed to have "beneficial ownership" of all shares that any such person has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time. "BOARD RESOLUTION" means, with respect to any person, a duly adopted resolution of the Board of Directors of such or the executive committee of such Board of Directors of such person. "BUSINESS DAY" means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. "CAPITAL STOCK" means, with respect to any corporation, any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase (other than convertible or exchangeable Indebtedness), warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests (however designated) in stock issued by that corporation. "CASH EQUIVALENT" means (i) securities issued directly or fully guaranteed or insured by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged in support thereof) or (ii) time deposits and certificates of deposit with, and commercial paper issued by the parent corporation of, any domestic commercial bank of recognized standing having capital and surplus in excess of $500.0 million and commercial paper issued by others rated 37 at least A-2 or the equivalent thereof by Standard & Poor's Corporation or at least P-2 or the equivalent thereof by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and in each case maturing within one year after the date of acquisition. "CITICO" means Citicasters Co., an Ohio corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of JCC. "CONSOLIDATED EBITDA" means, with respect to any person, for any period, the Consolidated Net Income of such person for such period adjusted to add thereto (to the extent deducted from net revenues in determining Consolidated Net Income), without duplication, the sum of (i) Consolidated income tax expense, (ii) Consolidated depreciation and amortization expense, provided that consolidated depreciation and amortization of a Subsidiary that is a less than wholly owned Subsidiary shall only be added to the extent of the equity interest of JCC in such Subsidiary, (iii) other noncash charges (including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles), (iv) Consolidated Fixed Charges, and less the amount of all cash payments made by such person or any of its Subsidiaries during such period to the extent such payments relate to non-cash charges that were added back in determining Consolidated EBITDA for such period or any prior period. "CONSOLIDATED FIXED CHARGES" of any person means, for any period, the aggregate amount (without duplication and determined in each case in accordance with GAAP) of (a) interest expensed or capitalized, paid, accrued, or scheduled to be paid or accrued (including, in accordance with the following sentence, interest attributable to Capitalized Lease Obligations) of such person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries during such period, including (i) original issue discount and non-cash interest payments or accruals on any Indebtedness, (ii) the interest portion of all deferred payment obligations, and (iii) all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to bankers' acceptances and letters of credit financings and currency and Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations, in each case to the extent attributable to such period, and (b) the amount of dividends accrued or payable (or guaranteed) by such person or any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries in respect of Preferred Stock (other than by Subsidiaries of such person to such person or such person's wholly owned Subsidiaries). For purposes of this definition, (x) interest on a Capitalized Lease Obligation shall be deemed to accrue at an interest rate reasonably determined by JCC to be the rate of interest implicit in such Capitalized Lease Obligation in accordance with GAAP and (y) interest expense attributable to any Indebtedness represented by the guaranty by such person or a Subsidiary of such person of an obligation of another person shall be deemed to be the interest expense attributable to the Indebtedness guaranteed. "CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME" means, with respect to any person for any period, the net income (or loss) of such person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP) for such period, adjusted to exclude (only to the extent included in computing such net income (or loss) and without duplication): (a) all gains or losses which are either noncash or extraordinary (as determined in accordance with GAAP) or are either unusual or nonrecurring (including any gain from the sale or other disposition of assets outside the ordinary course of business or from the issuance or sale of any capital stock), (b) the net income, if positive, of any person, other than a wholly owned Consolidated Subsidiary, in which such person or any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries has an interest, except to the extent of the amount of any dividends or distributions actually paid in cash to such person or a wholly owned Consolidated Subsidiary of such person during such period, but in any case not in excess of such person's PRO RATA share of such person's net income for such period, (c) the net income or loss of any person acquired in a pooling of interests transaction for any period prior to the date of such acquisition, (d) the net income, if positive, of any of such person's Consolidated Subsidiaries to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions is not at the time permitted by operation of the terms of its charter or bylaws or any other agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to such Consolidated Subsidiary. "CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY" means, for any person, each Subsidiary of such person (whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired) the financial statements of which are consolidated for financial statement reporting purposes with the financial statements of such person in accordance with GAAP. "CREDIT FACILITY" means the Credit Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996, as amended, by and among The Chase Manhattan Bank (as successor by merger to Chemical Bank), as Administrative Agent, Banque 38 Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America, Illinois, as Syndication Agent, certain financial institutions from time to time thereto, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments, letters of credit, reimbursement obligations and other agreements executed by JCC, any of its Subsidiaries and/or Jacor in connection therewith (collectively, the "Related Documents"), as such Credit Agreement and/or Related Documents may be amended, restated, supplemented, renewed, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time whether or not with the same agent, trustee, representative lenders or holders, and, subject to the proviso to the next succeeding sentence, irrespective of any changes in the terms and conditions thereof. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term "Credit Facility" shall include agreements in respect of Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations with lenders party to the Credit Facility and shall also include any amendment, amendment and restatement, renewal, extension, restructuring, supplement or modification in whole or in part to any Credit Facility and all refundings, refinancings and replacements in whole or in part of any Credit Facility, including, without limitation, any agreement or agreements (i) extending the maturity of any Indebtedness incurred thereunder or contemplated thereby, (ii) adding or deleting borrowers or guarantors thereunder, (iii) increasing the amount of Indebtedness incurred thereunder or available to be borrowed thereunder, PROVIDED that on the date such Indebtedness is incurred it would be permitted by paragraph (f) under the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, or (iv) otherwise altering the terms and conditions thereof. "DISQUALIFIED CAPITAL STOCK" means (a) except as set forth in (b), with respect to any person, Equity Interests of such person that, by its terms or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, exercisable or exchangeable, is, or upon the happening of an event or the passage of time would be, required to be redeemed or repurchased (including at the option of the holder thereof) by such person or any of its Subsidiaries, in whole or in part, on or prior to the Stated Maturity of the Notes, and (b) with respect to any Subsidiary of such person (including with respect to any Subsidiary of JCC), any Equity Interests other than any common equity with no preference, privileges, or redemption or repayment provisions. "EQUITY INTEREST" of any person means any shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) in such person's equity, and shall in any event include any Capital Stock issued by, or partnership interests in, such person. "EVENT OF LOSS" means, with respect to any property or asset, any (i) loss, destruction or damage of such property or asset or (ii) any condemnation, seizure or taking, by exercise of the power of eminent domain or otherwise, of such property or asset, or confiscation or requisition of the use of such property or asset. "EXCLUDED PERSON" means Zell/Chilmark Fund L.P. and all Related Persons of such person. "EXCLUDED SUBSIDIARY" means each of Jacor National Corp., WIBX Incorporated, Marathon Communications, Inc. and Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc., an Idaho corporation. "EXEMPTED AFFILIATE TRANSACTION" means (a) customary employee compensation arrangements approved by a majority of independent (as to such transactions) members of the Board of Directors of JCC, (b) dividends permitted under the terms of the covenant discussed above under "Limitation on Restricted Payments" above and payable, in form and amount, on a pro rata basis to all holders of Common Stock of Jacor, (c) transactions solely between JCC and any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries or solely among wholly owned Subsidiaries of JCC, and (d) payments to Zell/Chilmark Fund L.P. or its Affiliates for reasonable and customary fees and expenses for financial advisory and investment banking services provided to Jacor and JCC, and (e) payments to Jacor made in accordance with the Tax Sharing Agreement. "FUTURE SUBSIDIARY GUARANTOR" means future Subsidiaries of JCC and their Subsidiaries (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries), which are not prohibited from becoming guarantors by law or by the terms of any Acquired Indebtedness or any agreement (other than an agreement entered into in connection with the transaction resulting in such person becoming a Subsidiary of JCC or its Subsidiaries) to which such Subsidiary is a party. 39 "GAAP" means United States generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession as in effect on the Issue Date unless otherwise specified. "INDEBTEDNESS" of any person means, without duplication, (a) all liabilities and obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such any person, (i) in respect of borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such person or only to a portion thereof), (ii) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments, (iii) representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or services, except those incurred in the ordinary course of its business that would constitute ordinarily a trade payable to trade creditors, (iv) evidenced by bankers' acceptances or similar instruments issued or accepted by banks, (v) relating to any Capitalized Lease Obligation, or (vi) evidenced by a letter of credit or a reimbursement obligation of such person with respect to any letter of credit; (b) all net obligations of such person under Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations; (c) all liabilities and obligations of others of the kind described in the preceding clause (a) or (b) that such person has guaranteed or that is otherwise its legal liability or which are secured by any assets or property of such person and all obligations to purchase, redeem or acquire any Equity Interests; and (d) all Disqualified Capital Stock of such person (valued at the greater of its voluntary or involuntary maximum fixed repurchase price plus accrued and unpaid dividends). For purposes hereof, the "maximum fixed repurchase price" of any Disqualified Capital Stock which does not have a fixed repurchase price shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Capital Stock as if such Disqualified Capital Stock were purchased on any date on which Indebtedness shall be required to be determined pursuant to the Indenture, and if such price is based upon, or measured by, the Fair Market Value of such Disqualified Capital Stock, such Fair Market Value to be determined in good faith by the board of directors of the issuer (or managing general partner of the issuer) of such Disqualified Capital Stock. "INTEREST SWAP AND HEDGING OBLIGATION" means any obligation of any person pursuant to any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement, interest rate exchange agreement, currency exchange agreement or any other agreement or arrangement designed to protect against fluctuations in interest rates or currency values, including, without limitation, any arrangement whereby, directly or indirectly, such person is entitled to receive from time to time periodic payments calculated by applying either a fixed or floating rate of interest on a stated notional amount in exchange for periodic payments made by such person calculated by applying a fixed or floating rate of interest on the same notional amount. "INVESTMENT" by any person in any other person means (without duplication) (a) the acquisition (whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) by such person (whether for cash, property, services, securities or otherwise) of capital stock, bonds, notes, debentures, partnership or other ownership interests or other securities, including any options or warrants, of such other person or any agreement to make any such acquisition; (b) the making by such person of any deposit with, or advance, loan or other extension of credit to, such other person (including the purchase of property from another person subject to an understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to resell such property to such other person) or any commitment to make any such advance, loan or extension (but excluding accounts receivable or deposits arising in the ordinary course of business); (c) other than guarantees of Indebtedness of JCC or any Guarantor to the extent permitted by the covenant "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock" or the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, the entering into by such person of any guarantee of, or other credit support or contingent obligation with respect to, Indebtedness or other liability of such other person (other than the endorsement of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business); and (d) the making of any capital contribution by such person to such other person. "ISSUE DATE" means the date of first issuance of the Notes under the Indenture. "JUNIOR SECURITY" means any Qualified Capital Stock and any Indebtedness of JCC or a Guarantor, as applicable, that is subordinated in right of payment to Senior Debt at least to the same extent as the Notes or 40 the Guarantees, as applicable, and has no scheduled installment of principal due, by redemption, sinking fund payment or otherwise, on or prior to the Stated Maturity of the Notes; PROVIDED, that in the case of subordination in respect of Senior Debt under the Credit Facility, "Junior Security" shall mean any Qualified Capital Stock and any Indebtedness of JCC or the Guarantors, as applicable, that (i) has a final maturity date occurring after the final maturity date of, all Senior Debt outstanding under the Credit Facility on the date of issuance of such Qualified Capital Stock or Indebtedness, (ii) is unsecured, (iii) has an Average Life longer than the security for which such Qualified Capital Stock or Indebtedness is being exchanged, and (iv) by their terms or by law are subordinated to Senior Debt outstanding under the Credit Facility on the date of issuance of such Qualified Capital Stock or Indebtedness at least to the same extent as the Notes. "LEVERAGE RATIO" of any person on any date of determination (the "Transaction Date") means the ratio, on a PRO FORMA basis, of (a) the sum of the aggregate outstanding amount of Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock of such person and its Subsidiaries as of the date of calculation on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP to (b) the aggregate amount of Consolidated EBITDA of such person attributable to continuing operations and businesses (exclusive of amounts attributable to operations and businesses permanently discontinued or disposed of) for the Reference Period; PROVIDED, that for purposes of such calculation, (i) Acquisitions which occurred during the Reference Period or subsequent to the Reference Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date shall be assumed to have occurred on the first day of the Reference Period, (ii) transactions giving rise to the need to calculate the Leverage Ratio shall be assumed to have occurred on the first day of the Reference Period, (iii) the incurrence of any Indebtedness or issuance of any Disqualified Capital Stock during the Reference Period or subsequent to the Reference Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date (and the application of the proceeds therefrom to the extent used to refinance or retire other Indebtedness) shall be assumed to have occurred on the first day of such Reference Period, and (iv) the Consolidated Fixed Charges of such person attributable to interest on any Indebtedness or dividends on any Disqualified Capital Stock bearing a floating interest (or dividend) rate shall be computed on a PRO FORMA basis as if the average rate in effect from the beginning of the Reference Period to the Transaction Date had been the applicable rate for the entire period, unless such person or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to an Interest Swap or Hedging Obligation (which shall remain in effect for the 12-month period immediately following the Transaction Date) that has the effect of fixing the interest rate on the date of computation, in which case such rate (whether higher or lower) shall be used. "LIEN" means any mortgage, charge, pledge, lien (statutory or otherwise), privilege, security interest, or other encumbrance upon or with respect to any property of any kind, real or personal, movable or immovable, now owned or hereafter acquired. "NET CASH PROCEEDS" means the aggregate amount of cash or Cash Equivalents received by JCC in the case of a sale of Qualified Capital Stock and by JCC and its Subsidiaries in respect of an Asset Sale or an Event of Loss plus, in the case of an issuance of Qualified Capital Stock of JCC upon any exercise, exchange or conversion of securities (including options, warrants, rights and convertible or exchangeable debt) of JCC that were issued for cash on or after the Issue Date, the amount of cash originally received by JCC upon the issuance of such securities (including options, warrants, rights and convertible or exchangeable debt) less, in each case, the sum of all payments, fees, commissions and (in the case of Asset Sales, reasonable and customary), expenses (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of legal counsel and investment banking fees and expenses) incurred in connection with such Asset Sale, Event of Loss or sale of Qualified Capital Stock, and, in the case of an Asset Sale only, less an amount (estimated reasonably and in good faith by JCC or the amount actually incurred, if greater) of income, franchise, sales and other applicable taxes required to be paid by JCC or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with such Asset Sale. "OBLIGATION" means any principal, premium or interest payment, or monetary penalty, or damages, due by JCC or any Guarantor under the terms of the Notes or the Indenture. "PERMITTED INDEBTEDNESS" means any of the following: (a) JCC and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness solely in respect of bankers acceptances, letters of credit and performance bonds (to the extent that such incurrence does not result in the incurrence of any obligation to repay any obligation relating to borrowed money of others), all in the ordinary course of business in accordance with customary industry practices, in amounts and for the purposes customary in 41 JCC's industry; PROVIDED, that the aggregate principal amount outstanding of such Indebtedness (including any Indebtedness issued to refinance, refund or replace such Indebtedness) shall at no time exceed $5.0 million; (b) JCC may incur Indebtedness to any wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor, and any wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor may incur Indebtedness to any other wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor or to JCC; PROVIDED, that in the case of Indebtedness of JCC, such obligations shall be unsecured and subordinated in all respects to JCC's obligations pursuant to the Notes and the date of any event that causes such Subsidiary Guarantor to no longer be a wholly owned Subsidiary shall be an Incurrence Date; (c) JCC and the Guarantors may incur Indebtedness evidenced by the Notes and the Guarantees and represented by the Indenture up to the amounts specified therein as of the date thereof; (d) JCC and the Guarantors, as applicable, may incur Refinancing Indebtedness with respect to any Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock, as applicable, which Indebtedness was incurred pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in the covenant described under "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock" or clause (c) of this definition; (e) JCC and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness in an aggregate amount outstanding at any time (including any Indebtedness issued to refinance, replace, or refund such Indebtedness) of up to $5.0 million; (f) JCC and the Guarantors may incur Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Credit Facility up to an aggregate principal amount outstanding (including any Indebtedness issued to refinance, refund or replace such Indebtedness in whole or in part) at any time of $600.0 million, plus accrued interest and additional expense and reimbursement obligations with respect thereto and such additional amounts as may be deemed to be outstanding in the form of Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations with lenders party to the Credit Facility, minus the amount of any such Indebtedness retired with Net Cash Proceeds from any Asset Sale; (g) JCC and the Subsidiary Guarantors may incur Indebtedness under Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations that do not increase the Indebtedness of the Company other than as a result of fluctuations in interest or foreign currency exchange rates provided that such Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations are incurred for the purpose of providing interest rate protection with respect to Indebtedness permitted under the Indenture or to provide currency exchange protection in connection with revenues generated in currencies other than U.S. dollars; (h) Subsidiaries may incur Acquired Indebtedness if JCC at the time of such incurrence could incur such Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in the covenant "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock"; and (i) JCC and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness existing on the Issue Date. "PERMITTED INVESTMENT" means: (a) Investments in any of the Notes; (b) Cash Equivalents; (c) intercompany loans to the extent permitted under clause (b) of the definition of "Permitted Indebtedness" and intercompany security agreements relating thereto; (d) loans, advances or investments in existence on the Issue Date; (e) Investments in a person substantially all of whose assets are of a type generally used in a Related Business (an "Acquired Person") if, as a result of such Investments, (i) the Acquired Person immediately thereupon is or becomes a Subsidiary of the Company, or (ii) the Acquired Person immediately thereupon either (1) is merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and the surviving person is the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company or (2) transfers or conveys all or substantially all of its assets, or is liquidated into, JCC or any of its Subsidiaries. (f) Investments in a person with whom JCC or any of its Subsidiaries have entered into, (i) local market agreements or time brokerage agreements pursuant to which JCC or any one of its Subsidiaries 42 programs substantial portions of the broadcast day on such person's radio broadcast station(s) and sells advertising time during such program segments for its own account or (ii) joint sales agreements pursuant to which JCC or any of its Subsidiaries sells substantially all of the advertising time for such person's radio broadcast station(s); (g) Investments that are in persons which will have the purpose of furthering the operations of JCC and its Subsidiaries not to exceed $10.0 million; and (h) demand deposit accounts maintained in the ordinary course of business. "PERMITTED LIEN" means (a) Liens existing on the Issue Date; (b) Liens imposed by governmental authorities for taxes, assessments or other charges or levies not yet subject to penalty or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of JCC in accordance with GAAP as of the date of determination; (c) statutory liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, materialmen, landlords, repairmen or other like Liens arising by operation of law in the ordinary course of business provided that (i) the underlying obligations are not overdue for a period of more than 60 days, or (ii) such Liens are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of JCC in accordance with GAAP as of the date of determination; (d) Liens securing the performance of bids, trade contracts (other than borrowed money), leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business and deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure obligations of public utilities; (e) easements, rights-of-way, zoning, building restrictions, reservations, encroachments, exceptions, covenants, similar restrictions and other similar encumbrances or title defects which, singly or in the aggregate, do not in any case materially detract from the value of the property, subject thereto (as such property is used by JCC or any of its Subsidiaries) or interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of JCC or any of its Subsidiaries; (f) Liens arising by operation of law in connection with judgments, provided, that the execution or other enforcement of such Liens is effectively stayed and that the claims secured thereby are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (g) pledges or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers' compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security legislation; (h) Liens securing Indebtedness of a person existing at the time such person becomes a Subsidiary or is merged with or into JCC or a Subsidiary or Liens securing Indebtedness incurred in connection with an Acquisition, PROVIDED that such Liens were in existence prior to the date of such acquisition, merger or consolidation, were not incurred in anticipation thereof, and do not extend to any other assets; (i) leases or subleases granted to other persons in the ordinary course of business not materially interfering with the conduct of the business of JCC or any of its Subsidiaries or materially detracting from the value of the relative assets of JCC or any of its Subsidiaries; (j) Liens arising from precautionary Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by JCC or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; and (k) Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to refinance any Indebtedness that was previously so secured in a manner no more adverse to the Holders of the Notes than the terms of the Liens securing such refinanced Indebtedness provided that the Indebtedness secured is not increased and the lien is not extended to any additional assets or property, (l) Liens in favor of the Adminstrative Agent pursuant to the Credit Facility and (m) Liens on property of a Subsdiary of JCC provided that such Liens secure only obligations owing by such Subsidiary to JCC or another Subsidiary of JCC. "PRODUCTIVE ASSETS" means assets of a kind used or usable by JCC and its Subsidiaries in a Related Business. "PUBLIC OFFERING" means a firm commitment underwritten primary offering of Capital Stock of Jacor or JCC. "QUALIFIED CAPITAL STOCK" means any Capital Stock of JCC that is not Disqualified Capital Stock. "QUALIFIED EXCHANGE" means any legal defeasance, redemption, retirement, repurchase or other acquisition of Capital Stock or Indebtedness of JCC issued on or after the Issue Date with the Net Cash Proceeds received by JCC from the substantially concurrent sale of Qualified Capital Stock or any exchange of Qualified Capital Stock for any Capital Stock or Indebtedness issued on or after the Issue Date. 43 "REFERENCE PERIOD" with regard to any person means the four full fiscal quarters (or such lesser period during which such person has been in existence) ended immediately preceding any date upon which any determination is to be made pursuant to the terms of the Notes or the Indenture. "REFINANCING INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock (a) issued in exchange for, or the proceeds from the issuance and sale of which are used substantially concurrently to repay, redeem, defease, refund, refinance, discharge or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, or (b) constituting an amendment, modification or supplement to, or a deferral or renewal of ((a) and (b) above are, collectively, a "Refinancing"), any Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock in a principal amount or, in the case of Disqualified Capital Stock, liquidation preference, not to exceed (after deduction of reasonable and customary fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Refinancing) the lesser of (i) the principal amount or, in the case of Disqualified Capital Stock, liquidation preference, of the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock so Refinanced and (ii) if such Indebtedness being Refinanced was issued with an original issue discount, the accreted value thereof (as determined in accordance with GAAP) at the time of such Refinancing; PROVIDED, that (A) such Refinancing Indebtedness of any Subsidiary of JCC shall only be used to Refinance outstanding Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock of such Subsidiary, (B) such Refinancing Indebtedness shall (x) not have an Average Life shorter than the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock to be so refinanced at the time of such Refinancing and (y) in all respects, be no less subordinated or junior, if applicable, to the rights of Holders of the Notes than was the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock to be refinanced and (C) such Refinancing Indebtedness shall have no installment of principal (or redemption payment) scheduled to come due earlier than the scheduled maturity of any installment of principal of the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock to be so refinanced which was scheduled to come due prior to the Stated Maturity. "RELATED BUSINESS" means the business conducted (or proposed to be conducted) by JCC and its Subsidiaries as of the Issue Date and any and all businesses that in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of JCC are materially related businesses. "RELATED PERSON" means any person who controls, is controlled by or is under common control with an Excluded Person; PROVIDED that for purposes of this definition "control" means the beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the total voting power of a person normally entitled to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees, as applicable of a person. "RESTRICTED INVESTMENT" means, in one or a series of related transactions, any Investment, other than investments in Permitted Investments; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that a merger of another person with or into JCC or a Subsidiary Guarantor shall not be deemed to be a Restricted Investment so long as the surviving entity is JCC or a direct wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor. "RESTRICTED PAYMENT" means, with respect to any person, (a) the declaration or payment of any dividend or other distribution in respect of Equity Interests of such person or any parent or Subsidiary of such person, (b) any payment on account of the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests of such person or any Subsidiary or parent of such person, (c) other than with the proceeds from the substantially concurrent sale of, or in exchange for, Refinancing Indebtedness any purchase, redemption, or other acquisition or retirement for value of, any payment in respect of any amendment of the terms of or any defeasance of, any Subordinated Indebtedness, directly or indirectly, by such person or a parent or Subsidiary of such person prior to the scheduled maturity, any scheduled repayment of principal, or scheduled sinking fund payment, as the case may be, of such Indebtedness and (d) any Restricted Investment by such person; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the term "Restricted Payment" does not include (i) any dividend, distribution or other payment on or with respect to Capital Stock of an issuer to the extent payable solely in shares of Qualified Capital Stock of such issuer; (ii) any dividend, distribution or other payment to JCC, or to any of its wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantors, by any of the Subsidiaries of JCC; or (iii) loans or advances to any Subsidiary Guarantor the proceeds of which are used by such Subsidiary Guarantor in a Related Business activity of such Subsidiary Guarantor. "SENIOR DEBT" of JCC or any Guarantor means Indebtedness (including any monetary obligation in respect of the Credit Facility, and interest, whether or not such interest is allowed or allowable, accruing on Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Credit Facility at the contracted-for rate after the commencement of any proceeding under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law) of JCC or such Guarantor arising under the Credit Facility or that, by the terms of the instrument creating or evidencing such Indebtedness, is expressly 44 designated Senior Debt and made senior in right of payment to the Notes or the applicable Guarantee; provided, that in no event shall Senior Debt include (a) Indebtedness to any Subsidiary of JCC or any officer, director or employee of JCC or any Subsidiary of JCC, (b) Indebtedness incurred in violation of the terms of the Indenture, (c) Indebtedness to trade creditors, (d) Disqualified Capital Stock and (e) any liability for taxes owed or owing by JCC or such Guarantor. "SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY" shall have the meaning provided under Regulation S-X of the Securities Act, as in effect on the Issue Date. "STATED MATURITY," when used with respect to any Note, means , 2006. "SUBORDINATED INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness of JCC or a Guarantor that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or such Guarantee, as applicable, in any respect or has a stated maturity on or after the Stated Maturity. "SUBSIDIARY," with respect to any person, means (i) a corporation a majority of whose Capital Stock with voting power, under ordinary circumstances, to elect directors is at the time, directly or indirectly, owned by such person, by such person and one or more Subsidiaries of such person or by one or more Subsidiaries of such person, (ii) any other person (other than a corporation) in which such person, one or more Subsidiaries of such person, or such person and one or more Subsidiaries of such person, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination thereof has at least majority ownership interest, or (iii) a partnership in which such person or a Subsidiary of such person is, at the time, a general partner and in which such person, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination thereof has at least a majority ownership interest. "SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS" means (i) the Present Subsidiary Guarantors identified in the following sentence and (ii) Future Subsidiary Guarantors that become Subsidiary Guarantors pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, but excluding any Persons whose guarantees have been released pursuant to the terms of the Indenture. The "PRESENT SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS" means Jacor Broadcasting Corporation; Broadcast Finance, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc.; Jacor Cable, Inc.; Georgia Network Equipment, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc., a Delaware corporation; Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Group, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc.; Nova Marketing Group, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc.; Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc.; Nobro, S.C.; Sports Radio, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Center, Inc.; Citicasters Co.; GAAC-N26LB, Inc.; GACC-340, Inc.; Cine Guarantors, Inc.; Great American Television Productions, Inc.; Cine Guarantors II, Inc.; Great American Merchandising Group, Inc.; Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc.; Cine Films, Inc.; The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc.; Location Productions, Inc.; Location Productions II, Inc.; VTTV Productions; F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc.; Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V.; WHOK, Inc.; Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V.; Cine Movil S.A. de C.V.; and Cine Guarantors II, Ltd., each a direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company or any successor entity, whether by merger, consolidation, change of name or otherwise. "TAX SHARING AGREEMENT" means any agreements between JCC and Jacor pursuant to which JCC may make payments to Jacor with respect to JCC's Federal, state, or local income or franchise tax liabilities where JCC is included in a consolidated, unitary or combined return filed by Jacor; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the payment by JCC under such agreement may not exceed the liability of Jacor for such taxes if it had filed its income tax returns as a separate company. BOOK-ENTRY, DELIVERY AND FORM Except as set forth below, the Notes will initially be issued in the form of one or more registered Notes in global form (the "Global Notes"). Each Global Note will be deposited on the date of the closing of the sale of the Notes (the "Closing Date") with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company (the "Depositary") and registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of the Depositary. DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a "banking organization" within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a "clearing agency" registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC holds securities that 45 its participants ("Participants") deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the settlement among Participants of securities transactions, such as transfers and pledges, in deposited securities through electronic computerized book-entry changes in Participants' accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations ("Direct Participants"). DTC is owned by a number of its Direct Participants and by the NYSE, the American Stock Exchange, Inc. and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as securities brokers and dealers, banks and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant, either directly or indirectly ("Indirect Participants"). The rules applicable to DTC and its Participants are on file with the SEC. The Company expects that pursuant to procedures established by the Depositary (i) upon deposit of the Global Notes, the Depositary will credit the accounts of Participants designated by the Underwriters with an interest in the Global Note and (ii) ownership of the Notes evidenced by the Global Note will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership thereof will be effected only through, records maintained by the Depositary (with respect to the interests of Participants), the Participants and the Indirect Participants. The laws of some states require that certain persons take physical delivery in definitive form of securities that they own and that security interests in negotiable instruments can only be perfected by delivery of certificates representing the instruments. Consequently, the ability to transfer Notes evidenced by the Global Note will be limited to such extent. So long as the Depositary or its nominee is the registered owner of a Note, the Depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the Notes represented by the Global Note for all purposes under the Indenture. Except as provided below, owners of beneficial interests in a Global Note will not be entitled to have Notes represented by such Global Note registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of Certificated Notes, and will not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the Indenture for any purpose, including with respect to the giving of any directions, instructions or approvals to the Trustee thereunder. As a result, the ability of a person having a beneficial interest in Notes represented by a Global Note to pledge such interest to persons or entities that do not participate in the Depositary's system, or to otherwise take actions with respect to such interest, may be affected by the lack of a physical certificate evidencing such interest. Neither the Company nor the Trustee will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of Notes by the Depositary, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of the Depositary relating to such Notes. Payments with respect to the principal of, premium, if any, interest on, any Note represented by a Global Note registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee on the applicable record date will be payable by the Trustee to or at the direction of the Depositary or its nominee in its capacity as the registered Holder of the Global Note representing such Notes under the Indenture. Under the terms of the Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may treat the persons in whose names the Notes, including the Global Notes, are registered as the owners thereof for the purpose of receiving such payments and for any and all other purposes whatsoever. Consequently, neither the Company nor the Trustee has or will have any responsibility or liability for the payment of such amounts to beneficial owners of Notes (including principal, premium, if any or interest), or to immediately credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with such payment, in amounts proportionate to their respective holdings in principal amount of beneficial interests in the Global Note as shown on the records of the Depositary. Payments by the Participants and the Indirect Participants to the beneficial owners of Notes will be governed by standing instructions and customary practice and will be the responsibility of the Participants or the Indirect Participants. CERTIFICATED NOTES If (i) the Company notifies the Trustee in writing that the Depositary is no longer willing or able to act as a depositary and the Company is unable to locate a qualified successor within 90 days or (ii) the Company, at its option, notifies the Trustee in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Notes in definitive form under the Indenture, then, upon surrender by the Depositary of the Global Notes, Certificated Notes will be issued to each person that the Depositary identifies as the beneficial owner of the Notes represented by Global Notes. In addition, subject to certain conditions, any person having a beneficial interest in a Global Note 46 may, upon request to the Trustee, exchange such beneficial interest for Notes in the form of Certificated Notes. Upon any such issuance, the Trustee is required to register such Certificated Notes in the name of such person or persons (or the nominee of any thereof), and cause the same to be delivered thereto. Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be liable for any delay by the Depositary or any Participant or Indirect Participant in identifying the beneficial owners of the Notes, and the Company and the Trustee may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, instructions from the Depositary for all purposes (including with respect to the registration and delivery, and the respective principal amounts, of the Notes to be issued). The information in this section concerning the Depositary and the Depositary's book-entry system has been obtained from sources that the Company believes to be reliable. The Company will have no responsibility for the performance by the Depositary or its Participants of their respective obligations as described hereunder or under the rules and procedures governing their respective operations. SAME-DAY FUNDS SETTLEMENT AND PAYMENT The Indenture will require that payments in respect of the Notes represented by the Global Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest) be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Depositary. With respect to Notes represented by Certificated Notes, the Company will make all payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest, by mailing a check to each such Holder's registered address. The Notes will trade in the Depositary's Same-Day Funds Settlement System until maturity, or until the Notes are issued in certificated form, and secondary market trading activity in the Notes will therefore be required by the Depositary to settle in immediately available funds. No assurance can be given as to the effect, if any, of settlement in immediately available funds on trading activity in the Notes. 47 DESCRIPTION OF OTHER INDEBTEDNESS The summaries contained herein of certain of the indebtedness of the Company do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the provisions of the various agreements and indentures related thereto, which are filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus is a part and to which reference is hereby made. CREDIT FACILITY The Credit Facility provides availability of $600.0 million of loans to JCC in three components: (i) a revolving credit facility of up to $200.0 million with mandatory semi-annual commitment reductions beginning March 18, 1999 and a final maturity date of September 18, 2003; (ii) a term loan of $300.0 million with scheduled semi-annual reductions beginning March 18, 1998 and a final maturity date of September 18, 2003; and (iii) a tranche B term loan of $100.0 million with scheduled semi-annual reductions beginning March 18, 1999 and a final maturity date of September 18, 2004. The Credit Facility bears interest at a rate that fluctuates with a bank base rate and/or the Eurodollar rate per annum, and at October 31, 1996 this rate was 7.73%. Jacor borrowed monies under the Credit Facility to (i) finance a portion of the cash consideration paid in the Citicasters Merger, and (ii) fund $100 million of the repurchase price of the 9 3/4% Notes. The Citicasters Merger constituted a change in control for the purposes of the indenture under which the 9 3/4% Notes were issued and Jacor was required to make an offer to repurchase such notes at 101% of their aggregate principal amount. Under the Citicasters Put, the holders of $106.9 million in principal amount of the 9 3/4% Notes elected in October 1996 to sell their 9 3/4% Notes to Jacor pursuant to Jacor's repurchase offer. In November 1996, Jacor entered into discussions to expand the availability under the Credit Facility from up to $600.0 million to up to $750.0 million, among other things. Jacor is discussing with the lenders that the components of the increased Credit Facility consist of a revolving credit facility with an availability of up to $450.0 million, a $200.0 million seven-year amortizing term loan and a $100.0 million up to eight-year amortizing term loan. There can be no assurance that the availability under the Credit Facility will be increased or that the components of the Credit Facility will be revised. The loans under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by each of the Company's direct and indirect subsidiaries other than certain immaterial subsidiaries. The Company's obligations with respect to the Credit Facility and each guarantor's obligations with respect to the related guaranty are secured by substantially all of their respective assets, including, without limitation, inventory, equipment, accounts receivable, intercompany debt and, in the case of the Company's subsidiaries, capital stock. JCC's obligations under the Credit Facility are secured by a first priority lien on the capital stock of the Company's subsidiaries and by the guarantee of JCC's parent, Jacor. The Credit Facility contains covenants and provisions that restrict, among other things, the Company's ability to: (i) incur additional indebtedness; (ii) incur liens on its property; (iii) make investments and advances; (iv) enter into guarantees and other contingent obligations; (v) merge or consolidate with or acquire another person or engage in other fundamental changes; (vi) engage in certain sales of assets; (vii) make capital expenditures; (viii) enter into leases; (ix) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; and (x) make restricted junior payments. The Credit Facility also requires the satisfaction of certain financial performance criteria (including a consolidated interest coverage ratio, a leverage-to-operating cash flow ratio and a consolidated operating cash flow available for fixed charges ratio) and the repayment of loans under the Credit Facility with proceeds of certain sales of assets and debt issuances, and with 50% of the Company's Consolidated Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Facility). Events of default under the Credit Facility include various events of default customary for such type of agreement, such as failure to pay scheduled payments when due, cross defaults on other indebtedness, change of control events under other indebtedness (including the LYONs, the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes and the 10 1/8% Notes) and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. In addition, the Credit Facility includes events of default for JCC and the cessation of any lien on any of the collateral under the Credit Facility as a perfected first priority lien and the failure of Zell/Chilmark appointees to represent at least 30% of the Jacor Board of Directors. 48 For purposes of the Credit Facility, a change of control includes the occurrence of any event that triggers a change of control under the LYONs, the Notes , the 9 3/4% Notes or the 10 1/8% Notes. Such change of control under the Credit Facility would constitute an event of default which would give the syndicate the right to accelerate the unpaid principal amounts due under the Credit Facility. Upon such acceleration, there is no assurance that JCC will have funds available to fund such repayment or that such funds will be available or terms acceptable to JCC. THE 9 3/4% NOTES The 9 3/4% Notes are general unsecured obligations of JCC and are subordinated in rights of payment to all Senior Indebtedness (as defined in the 9 3/4% Note Indenture). The 9 3/4% Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture between Citicasters and Shawmut Bank Connecticut, National Association, as Trustee (the "9 3/4% Note Indenture"). Following the Citicasters Put, the November 15, 1996 aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 9 3/4% Notes is $18.1 million and the 9 3/4% Notes mature on February 15, 2004. Interest on the 9 3/4% Notes accrues at the rate of 9 3/4% per annum. The 9 3/4% Notes are not redeemable at JCC's option before February 15, 1999 (other than in connection with certain public offerings of common stock by JCC, as described below). Thereafter, the 9 3/4% Notes are subject to redemption at the option of JCC, at redemption prices declining from 104.875% of the principal amount for the twelve months commencing February 15, 1999 to 100.00% on and after February 15, 2002, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date. Within 60 days after any Change of Control (as defined in the 9 3/4% Note Indenture), JCC or its successors must make an offer to purchase the 9 3/4% Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of purchase. As discussed under "-- Credit Facility," the Citicasters Merger constituted a Change of Control. Any 9 3/4% Notes which are not acquired in connection with such Change of Control offer, subject to the successor's right to redeem the 9 3/4% Notes as described above, will remain outstanding. Jacor will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 in connection with the repurchase of the 9 3/4% Notes, as such rule might apply to any such repurchase at the time thereof. In addition, prior to December 31, 1996, JCC can redeem the 9 3/4% Notes from the proceeds of Asset Sales (as defined in the 9 3/4% Note Indenture) subject to certain restrictions. The 9 3/4% Note Indenture contains certain covenants which impose certain limitations and restrictions on the ability of JCC to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other distributions, make certain loans and investments, apply the proceeds of Asset Sales (and use the proceeds thereof), create liens, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all its assets and make investments in unrestricted subsidiaries. In addition, the 9 3/4% Note Indenture limits JCC's Subsidiaries from incurring additional indebtedness. The Indenture for the 9 3/4% Notes includes various events of default customary for such type of agreements, such as failure to pay principal and interest when due on the 9 3/4% Notes, cross defaults on other indebtedness and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. THE 10 1/8% NOTES In June 1996, JCAC, Inc. (a predecessor to JCC) conducted an offering (the "10 1/8% Notes Offering") whereby JCAC, Inc. issued and sold 10 1/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 (the "10 1/8% Notes") in an aggregate principal amount of $100.0 million. JCAC, Inc. then lent the net proceeds of the 10 1/8% Notes Offering to Jacor. The 10 1/8% Notes have interest payment dates of June 15 and December 15, commencing on December 15, 1996, and mature on June 15, 2006. The 10 1/8% Note Indenture contains certain covenants which impose certain limitations and restrictions on the ability of Jacor to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other distributions, make certain loans and investments, apply the proceeds of asset sales (and use the proceeds thereof), create liens, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all its assets and make investments in unrestricted subsidiaries. 49 If a change of control occurs, JCC will be required to offer to repurchase all outstanding 10 1/8% Notes at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase. There can be no assurance that JCC will have sufficient funds to purchase all of the 10 1/8% Notes in the event of a change of control offer or that JCC would be able to obtain financing for such purpose on favorable terms, if at all. In addition, the Credit Facility restricts JCC's ability to repurchase the 10 1/8% Notes, including pursuant to a change of control offer. Furthermore, a change of control under the 10 1/8% Note Indenture will result in a default under the Credit Facility. As used herein, (a) prior to the earlier of a 9 3/4% Note Event, a "Change of Control" means any transaction or series of transactions in which any of the following occurs: (i) any person or group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act and Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than Zell/Chilmark or any of its Affiliates, becomes the direct or indirect "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of (A) greater than 50% of the total voting power (on a fully diluted basis as if all convertible securities had been converted) entitled to vote in the election of directors of JCC or CitiCo, or the surviving person (if other than the Company), or (B) greater than 20% of the total voting power (on a fully diluted basis as if all convertible securities had been converted) entitled to vote in the election of directors of JCC or CitiCo, or the surviving person (if other than JCC), and such person or group has the ability to elect, directly or indirectly, a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of JCC; or (ii) JCC or CitiCo consolidates with or merges into another person, another person consolidates with or merges into JCC or CitiCo, JCC or CitiCo issues shares of its Capital Stock or all or substantially all of the assets of JCC or CitiCo are sold, assigned, conveyed, transferred, leased or otherwise disposed of to any person as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in one transaction or a series of related transactions and the effect of such consolidation, merger, issuance or sale is as described in clause (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Change of Control shall be deemed to have occurred by virtue of (I) JCC or any of its employee benefit or stock plans filing (or being required to file after the lapse of time) a Schedule 13D or 14D-1 (or any successor or similar schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act) or (II) the purchase by one or more underwriters of Capital Stock of JCC in connection with a Public Offering; and (b) upon and following a 9 3/4% Note Event, a "Change of Control" will mean (i) any merger or consolidation of JCC with or into any person or any sale, transfer or other conveyance, whether direct or indirect, of all or substantially all of any of the assets of JCC, on a consolidated basis, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, if, immediately after giving effect to such transaction(s), any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, whether or not applicable) (other than an Excluded Person) is or becomes the "beneficial owner," directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power in the aggregate normally entitled to vote in the election of directors, managers, or trustees, as applicable, of the transferee(s) or surviving entity or entities, (ii) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, whether or not applicable) (other than an Excluded Person) is or becomes the "beneficial owner," directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power in the aggregate of all classes of Capital Stock of JCC then outstanding normally entitled to vote in elections of directors, or (iii) during any period of 12 consecutive months after the Issue Date, individuals who at the beginning of any such 12-month period constituted the Board of Directors of JCC (together with any new directors whose election by such Board or whose nomination for election by the shareholders of JCC was approved by a vote of a majority of the directors then still in office who were either directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of JCC then in office. The events of default under the 10 1/8% Note Indenture include various events of default customary for such type of agreement, including the failure to pay principal and interest when due on the 10 1/8% Notes, cross defaults on other indebtedness for borrowed monies in excess of $5.0 million (which indebtedness would therefore include the Credit Facility, the LYONs, the Notes and the 9 3/4% Notes) and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. THE LYONS Also in June 1996, Jacor conducted an offering (the "LYONs Offering") whereby Jacor issued and sold Senior Liquid Yield Option Notes-TM- due June 12, 2011 (the "LYONs") in the aggregate principal amount at maturity of $259.9 million. Each LYON had an Issue Price of $443.14 and a principal amount at maturity of $1,000. 50 Each LYON is convertible, at the option of the Holder, at any time on or prior to maturity, unless previously redeemed or otherwise purchased, into Common Stock at a conversion rate of 13.412 shares per LYON. The conversion rate will not be adjusted for accrued original issue discount, but will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events affecting the Common Stock. Upon conversion, the Holder will not receive any cash payment representing accrued original issue discount; such accrued original issue discount will be deemed paid by the Common Stock received by the Holder on conversion. The LYONs are not redeemable by Jacor prior to June 12, 2001. Thereafter, the LYONs are redeemable for cash at any time at the option of Jacor, in whole or in part, at redemption prices equal to the issue price plus accrued original issue discount to the date of redemption. The LYONs will be purchased by Jacor, at the option of the Holder, on June 12, 2001 and June 12, 2006, for a Purchase Price of $581.25 and $762.39 (representing issue price plus accrued original issue discount to each date), respectively, representing a 5.50% yield per annum to the Holder on such date, computed on a semiannual bond equivalent basis. Jacor, at its option, may elect to pay the purchase price on any such purchase date in cash or Common Stock, or any combination thereof. In addition, as of 35 business days after the occurrence of a change in control of Jacor occurring on or prior to June 12, 2001, each LYON will be purchased for cash, by Jacor, at the option of the Holder, for a change in control purchase price equal to the issue price plus accrued original issue discount to the change in control purchase date set for such purchase. The change in control purchase feature of the LYONs may in certain circumstances have an antitakeover effect. Under the Indenture for the LYONs, a "Change in Control" of Jacor is deemed to have occurred at such time as (i) any person (as the term "person" is used in Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) other than Zell/Chilmark, Jacor, any subsidiary of Jacor, or any employee benefit plan of either Jacor or any Subsidiary of Jacor, files a Schedule 13D or 14D-1 under the Exchange Act (or any successor schedule, form or report) disclosing that such person has become the beneficial owner of 50% or more of the Common Stock or other capital stock of Jacor into which such Common Stock is reclassified or changed, with certain exceptions, or (ii) there shall be consummated any consolidation or merger of Jacor (a) in which Jacor is not the continuing or surviving corporation or (b) pursuant to which the Common Stock would be converted into cash, securities or other property, in each case, other than a concolidation or merger of Jacor in which the holders of Common Stock immediately prior to the consolidation or merger own, directly or indirectly, at least a majority of Common Stock of the continuing or surviving corporation immediately after the consolidation or merger. A Change of Control under the LYONs indenture constitutes an event of default under the Credit Facility. See "-- Credit Facility." The Indenture for the LYONs includes various events of default customary for such type of agreement, such as cross defaults on other indebtedness for borrowed monies in excess of $10.0 million (which indebtedness would therefore include the Credit Facility, the Notes, the 9 3/4% Notes and the 10 1/8% Notes) and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. 51 UNDERWRITING Subject to certain conditions contained in the Underwriting Agreement, Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (the "Underwriters"), severally have agreed to purchase from JCC and the Guarantors , and JCC and the Guarantors have agreed to sell to the Underwriters at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus, less the underwriting discount, the respective principal amount of Notes (together with the Guarantees) set forth opposite their names below:
UNDERWRITER Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation........... $90,000,000 Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated............ $60,000,000 ----------- $150,000,000 ----------- -----------
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and accept delivery of the Notes offered hereby are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by counsel and to certain other conditions. The nature of the Underwriters' obligations is such that the Underwriters are committed to purchase all of the Notes if any of the Notes are purchased by them. JCC and the Guarantors have agreed to indemnify the Underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments that the Underwriter may be required to make in respect thereof. The Underwriters propose to offer the Notes to the public initially at the price to the public set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus. After the initial public offering of the Notes, the offering price and other selling terms may be changed by the Underwriters. The Notes are new issues of securities, have no established trading market and may not be widely distributed. JCC has been advised by the Underwriters that, following the completion of this Offering, the Underwriters presently intend to make a market in the Notes as permitted by applicable laws and regulations. However, the Underwriters are under no obligation to do so and may discontinue any market making activities at any time at the sole discretion of the individual Underwriters. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of any trading market for the Notes. 52 EXPERTS The consolidated balance sheets of Jacor Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994 and the consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995, incorporated by reference in this registration statement, have been included herein in reliance on the report of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P., independent accountants, given on the authority of that firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The consolidated balance sheets of Citicasters as of December 31, 1995 and 1994 and the consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995 incorporated by reference in this registration statement, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their report thereon (which contains an explanatory paragraph with respect to Citicasters' emergence from bankruptcy and subsequent adoption of "fresh-start reporting" as of December 31, 1993, as more fully described in Note B to the consolidated financial statements), included therein and incorporated by reference herein. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The consolidated financial statements of Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. as of December 31, 1995 and December 25, 1994 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to Jacor Communications, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 6, 1996, as amended on May 23, 1996, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report (which includes an explanatory paragraph relating to Jacor's agreement to purchase Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. as described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements) of Price Waterhouse LLP, independent accountants, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. LEGAL MATTERS The authorization and issuance of the Notes offered hereby will be passed upon for Jacor by Graydon, Head & Ritchey, Cincinnati, Ohio. Certain legal matters in connection with this Offering will be passed upon for the Underwriters by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, Los Angeles, California. INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE The following documents previously filed by Jacor and Citicasters (now known as JCC) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") are incorporated herein by reference and are made a part hereof: (a) Jacor's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995, as amended; (b) Jacor's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 1996, June 30, 1996, as amended, and September 30, 1996, as amended; (c) Jacor's Current Reports on Form 8-K dated February 14, 1996, February 27, 1996, March 6, 1996, as amended, March 27, 1996, as amended, July 30, 1996, October 3, 1996, October 11, 1996, October 23, 1996 and November 6, 1996; (d) Jacor's Form 8-B Registration Statement dated September 23, 1996; (e) Citicasters' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995, as amended; (f) Citicasters' Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 1996, as amended, June 30, 1996 and September 30, 1996; (g) Citicasters' Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 14, 1996; and (h) Citicasters' Form 8-B Registration Statement dated September 23, 1996. All documents filed by Jacor and JCC with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after the date of this Prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of the securities made hereby shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and to be a part 53 hereof from the date of filing of such documents. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein (or in any other subsequently filed document that is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein) modifies or supersedes such previous statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed to constitute a part of this Prospectus except as so modified or superseded. This Prospectus incorporates by reference certain documents relating to Jacor and Citicasters which are not delivered herewith. These documents (other than exhibits to such documents unless such exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference herein) are available, without charge, upon oral or written request by any person to whom this Prospectus is delivered. Such requests should be directed to Jacor Communications, Inc., 1300 PNC Center, 201 East Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, Attention: Kirk Brewer, Director of Corporate Communications and Investor Relations, Telephone Number (847) 256-9282, Fax Number (847) 256-2980. AVAILABLE INFORMATION Jacor is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and accordingly files reports, proxy statements and other information with the Commission. Jacor has filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 together with all amendments and exhibits thereto with the Commission under the Securities Act with respect to the Offering. This Prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement, certain parts of which are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission. The Registration Statement, including any amendments, schedules and exhibits thereto, is available for inspection and copying as set forth above. Statements contained in this Prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to herein include all material terms of such contracts or other documents but are not necessarily complete, and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference. Such reports, proxy statements and other information filed with the Commission are available for inspection and copying at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at Room 1024, Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the Commission's Regional Offices located at Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661-2511, and at 7 World Trade Center, 13th Floor, New York, New York 10048. Copies of such documents may also be obtained from the Public Reference Room of the Commission at Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. Jacor files its reports, proxy statements and other information with the Commission electronically, and the Commission maintains a Web site located at http://www.sec.gov containing such information. In addition, reports and other information concerning Jacor are available for inspection and copying at the offices of The Nasdaq Stock Market at 1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006-1506. 54 - ---------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- - ---------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- NO DEALER, SALES REPRESENTATIVE OR OTHER PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS, AND IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATION MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY THE COMPANY OR ANY UNDERWRITER. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY ANY OF THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY BY ANYONE IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION IS NOT AUTHORIZED OR IN WHICH THE PERSON MAKING SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION IS NOT QUALIFIED TO DO SO OR TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT IS UNLAWFUL TO MAKE SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE MADE HEREUNDER SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE ANY IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE AFFAIRS OF THE COMPANY SINCE THE DATE HEREOF OR THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS CORRECT AS OF ANY TIME SUBSEQUENT TO THE DATE HEREOF. ------------------- TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE Prospectus Summary.................................. 3 Risk Factors........................................ 9 Transactions........................................ 12 Use of Proceeds..................................... 15 Capitalization...................................... 16 Business............................................ 17 Description of Notes................................ 23 Description of Other Indebtedness................... 48 Underwriting........................................ 52 Experts............................................. 53 Legal Matters....................................... 53 Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference..... 53 Available Information............................... 54
$150,000,000 JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY GUARANTEED BY [LOGO] % SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006 ----------------- PROSPECTUS ----------------- DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE SECURITIES CORPORATION MERRILL LYNCH & CO. , 1996 - ---------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- - ---------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION. The following is an itemized statement of the fees and expenses (all but the SEC and NASD fees are estimates) in connection with the issuance and distribution of the shares of Common Stock being registered hereunder. All such fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company. SEC Registration fees............................................. $ 45,455 NASD fee.......................................................... $ 15,500 Blue Sky fees and expenses........................................ $ 15,000 Printing and engraving expenses................................... $ 200,000 Transfer agent and registrar fee and expenses..................... $ 5,000 Attorneys' fees and expenses...................................... $ 245,000 Accounting fees and expenses...................................... $ 125,000 Miscellaneous..................................................... $ 4,045 --------- Total..................................................... $ 655,000 --------- ---------
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. Jacor, being incorporated under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, is empowered by Section 145 of such law ("Statute"), subject to the procedures and limitations stated in the Statute, to indemnify any person ("Indemnitee") against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding to which an Indemnitee is made a party or threatened to be made a party by reason of the Indemnitee's being or having been a director, officer, employee or agent of Jacor or a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise at the request of Jacor. The Statute provides that indemnification pursuant to its provisions is not exclusive of other rights of indemnification to which a person may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise. The Statute also provides that Jacor may purchase insurance on behalf of any director, officer, employee or agent. Article Sixth of Jacor's Certificate of Incorporation contains provisions permitted by Section 102 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware which eliminate personal liability of members of its board of directors for violations of their fiduciary duty of care. Neither the Delaware General Corporation Law nor the Certificate of Incorporation, however, limits the liability of a director for breaching such director's duty of loyalty, failing to act in good faith, engaging in intentional misconduct or knowingly violating a law, paying a dividend or approving a stock repurchase under circumstances where such payment or repurchase is not permitted under the Statute, or obtaining an improper personal benefit. Article 8 of Jacor's Bylaws provides that Jacor is obligated to indemnify an Indemnitee in each and every situation where Jacor is obligated to make such indemnification pursuant to the Statute. Jacor must also indemnify an Indemnitee in each and every situation where, under the Statute, Jacor is not obligated but is nevertheless permitted or empowered to make such indemnification. However, before making such indemnification with respect to any situation covered by the preceding sentence, (i) Jacor shall promptly make or cause to be made, by any of the methods referred to in subsection (d) of the Statute, a determination as to whether the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner such indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of Jacor, and, in the case of any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that such Indemnitee's conduct was unlawful and (ii) no such indemnification shall be made unless it is determined that such Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner such Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of Jacor, and, in the case of any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that such Indemnitee's conduct was unlawful. II-1 Pursuant to authority contained in its Bylaws, Jacor maintains in force a standard directors' and officers' liability insurance policy providing a coverage of $10,000,000 against liability incurred by any director or officer in his or her capacity as such. The preceding discussion of the Statute and Jacor's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws is not intended to be exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete texts of Jacor's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and to the Statute. ITEM 16. EXHIBITS. See Index to Exhibits. ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions described under Item 15 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: (1) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of Prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of Prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective; and (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. (3) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. II-2 PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, THE REGISTRANT CERTIFIES THAT IT HAS REASONABLE GROUNDS TO BELIEVE THAT IT MEETS ALL OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FILING ON FORM S-3 AND HAS DULY CAUSED THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO REGISTRATION STATEMENT NO. 333-16469 TO BE SIGNED ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED, THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED, IN THE CITY OF CINCINNATI, STATE OF OHIO, ON THIS 12TH DAY OF DECEMBER, 1996. JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. By /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND SECRETARY PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO REGISTRATION STATEMENT NO. 333-16469 HAS BEEN SIGNED ON DECEMBER 12, 1996 BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS IN THE CAPACITIES INDICATED. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ R. Christopher Weber - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels R. Christopher Weber CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND DIRECTOR SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND SECRETARY /s/ Robert L. Lawrence* /s/ Rod F. Dammeyer* - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Robert L. Lawrence Rod F. Dammeyer PRESIDENT, CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER AND DIRECTOR DIRECTOR /s/ Sheli Z. Rosenberg* /s/ F. Philip Handy* - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Sheli Z. Rosenberg F. Philip Handy BOARD CHAIR AND DIRECTOR DIRECTOR /s/ John W. Alexander /s/ Marc Lasry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- John W. Alexander Marc Lasry DIRECTOR DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY PREVIOUSLY FILED. II-3 PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, THE REGISTRANT CERTIFIES THAT IT HAS REASONABLE GROUNDS TO BELIEVE THAT IT MEETS ALL OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FILING ON FORM S-3 AND HAS DULY CAUSED THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO REGISTRATION STATEMENT NO. 333-16469 TO BE SIGNED ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED, THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED, IN THE CITY OF CINCINNATI, STATE OF OHIO, ON THIS 12TH DAY OF DECEMBER, 1996. JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY By /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO REGISTRATION STATEMENT NO. 333-16469 HAS BEEN SIGNED ON DECEMBER 12, 1996 BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS IN THE CAPACITIES INDICATED. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ R. Christopher Weber - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels R. Christopher Weber PRESIDENT SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------- Jon M. Berry Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT DIRECTOR TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY PREVIOUSLY FILED. II-4 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-5 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CINE GUARANTORS II, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-6 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-7 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CINE GUARANTORS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-8 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. GACC-340, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-9 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. GACC-N26LB, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-10 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CITICASTERS CO. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-11 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-12 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBRO, S.C. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber TREASURER Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ R. Christopher Weber - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels R. Christopher Weber PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ Jon M. Berry -------------------------------------- Jon M. Berry DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-13 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. SPORTS RADIO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-14 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-15 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADASTING CORPORATION By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-16 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. BROADCAST FINANCE, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-17 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-18 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-19 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-20 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-21 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-22 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-23 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-24 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR CABLE, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-25 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-26 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-27 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-28 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-29 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. F.M.I. PENNSYLVANIA, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-30 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. INMOBILIARIA RADIAL, S.A. DE C.V. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber TREASURER Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ R. Christopher Weber - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels R. Christopher Weber PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ Jon M. Berry -------------------------------------- Jon M. Berry DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-31 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-32 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-33 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-34 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-35 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-36 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-37 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-38 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-39 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-40 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-41 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-42 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CINE MOVIL S.A. DE C.V. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-43 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L. N.V. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-44 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. WHOK, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR /s/ R. Christopher Weber -------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-45 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. VTTV PRODUCTIONS By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-46 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-47 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-48 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. CINE FILMS, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-49 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cincinnati, State of Ohio, on this 12th day of December, 1996. TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, INC. By: /s/ R. Christopher Weber ------------------------------------------ R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 has been signed on December 12, 1996 by the following persons in the capacities indicated. Principal Executive Officer: Principal Financial and Accounting Officer: /s/ Randy Michaels* /s/ Jon M. Berry - -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Randy Michaels Jon M. Berry PRESIDENT TREASURER AND DIRECTOR *By: /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------- Jon M. Berry AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT, PURSUANT TO A POWER OF ATTORNEY FILED HEREWITH. II-50 INDEX TO EXHIBITS
SEQUENTIALLY EXHIBIT NUMBERED NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT PAGE - ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- 1.1 Form of Underwriting Agreement. 2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated February 12, 1996 among Citicasters Inc. ("Citicasters"), * Jacor Communications, Inc. ("Jacor") and JCAC, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 27, 1996. 2.2 Warrant Agreement dated as of September 18, 1996 between Jacor and KeyCorp Shareholder * Services, Inc., as warrant agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 3, 1996. 2.3 Supplemental Agreement dated as of September 18, 1996 between Jacor and KeyCorp Shareholder * Services, Inc., as warrant agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 3, 1996. 2.4 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of August 5, 1996 among Jacor, JCAC, Inc., Great * American Insurance Company, American Financial Corporation, American Financial Enterprises, Inc., Carl H. Lindner, The Carl H. Lindner Foundation, and S. Craig Lindner. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.22 to Jacor's Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 on Form S-3 to Form S-4 (File No. 333-6639). 2.5 Stock Purchase and Stock Warrant Redemption Agreement dated as of February 20, 1996 among * Jacor, Prudential Venture Partners II, L.P., Northeast Ventures, II, John T. Lynch, Frank A. DeFrancesco, Thomas R. Jiminez, William R. Arbenz, CIHC, Incorporated, Bankers Life Holding Corporation and Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. ("Noble") (omitting exhibits not deemed material or filed separately in executed form). [Prudential and Northeast are sometimes referred to hereafter as the "Class A Shareholders"; Lynch, DeFrancesco, Jiminez and Arbenz as the "Class B Shareholders"; and CIHC and Bankers Life as the Warrant Sellers.] Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 6, 1996, as amended. 2.6 Investment Agreement dated as of February 20, 1996 among Jacor, Noble and the Class B * Shareholders (omitting exhibits not deemed material). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 6, 1996, as amended. 2.7 Asset Exchange Agreement dated as of September 26, 1996 between Citicasters Co. and Pacific * and Southern Company, Inc. (omitting schedules and exhibits not deemed material). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 11, 1996. 2.8 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 8, 1996 ("Regent Merger Agreement") between * Jacor and Regent Communications, Inc. (omitting schedules and exhibits not deemed material). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 23, 1996. 2.9 Form of Warrant Agreement between Jacor and KeyCorp Shareholder Services, Inc., as warrant * agent (included as Exhibit B to Regent Merger Agreement). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 23, 1996. 2.10 Escrow Agreement dated as of October 8, 1996 among Jacor, Regent Communications, Inc. and PNC * Bank, as excrow agent (included as Exhibit H to Regent Merger Agreement). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 23, 1996.
SEQUENTIALLY EXHIBIT NUMBERED NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT PAGE - ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- 2.11 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 8, 1996 among Jacor and the parties listed * in Schedule I thereto (included as Exhibit I to Regent Merger Agreement). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 to Jacor's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 23, 1996. 2.12 Form of Plan and Agreement of Merger between Jacor and New Jacor, Inc. Incorporated by * reference to Annex VII to the Proxy Statement/Information Statement/Prospectus to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.1 Form of Indenture for Notes. 4.2 Indenture dated as of June 12, 1996 between Jacor and The Bank of New York for Jacor's Liquid * Yield Option Notes Due 2011. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.23 to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.3 Indenture dated as of June 12, 1996 among Jacor, JCAC, Inc. and First Trust of Illinois, * National Association for JCAC, Inc.'s 10 1/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 and Jacor's Guaranty thereof. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.24 to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.4 Credit Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 ("Credit Agreement") by and among JCAC, Inc., the * Lenders named therein (the "Lenders"), Chemical Bank, as Administrative Agent, Banque Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America Illinois, as Syndication Agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.27 to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.5 Security Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by and between JCAC, Inc. and Chemical Bank, as * Administrative Agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.28 to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.6 Parent Guaranty dated as of June 12, 1996 by Jacor in favor of Chemical Bank, as * Administrative Agent, for the Lenders and any Interest Rate Hedge Providers (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.29 to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.7 Pledge Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by and between Jacor and Chemical Bank, as * Administrative Agent for the Agents (as defined in the Credit Agreement), the Lenders and any Interest Rate Hedge Providers. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.30 to Jacor's Form S-4 Registration Statement (File No. 333-6639). 4.8 First Amendment dated as of June 18, 1996 to Credit Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by and * among JCAC, Inc., the Lenders named therein, Chemical Bank, as Administrative Agent, Banque Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America Illinois, as Syndication Agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to Jacor's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996. 4.9 Second Amendment dated as of September 18, 1996 to Credit Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 * by and among Citicasters (as successor by merger to JCAC, Inc.), the Lenders named therein, The Chase Manhattan Bank (as successor by merger to Chemical Bank), as Administrative Agent, Banque Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America Illinois, as Syndication Agent (omitting exhibits not deemed material). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Jacor's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996.
SEQUENTIALLY EXHIBIT NUMBERED NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT PAGE - ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- 4.10 Third Amendment dated as of October 8, 1996 to Credit Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by * and among Citicasters (as successor by merger to JCAC, Inc.), the Lenders named therein, The Chase Manhattan Bank (as successor by merger to Chemical Bank), as Administrative Agent, Banque Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America Illinois, as Syndication Agent (omitting exhibits not deemed material). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Jacor's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996. 5.1 Opinion of Graydon, Head & Ritchey. 12 Computation of Earnings to Fixed Charges. ** 23.1 Consent of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. 23.2 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. 23.3 Consent of Price Waterhouse LLP. 23.4 Consent of Graydon, Head & Ritchey (included in opinion of counsel filed as Exhibit 5.1). 24.1 Powers of Attorney of directors and officers of Jacor signing this Registration Statement. ** 24.2 Power of Attorney of John W. Alexander. 24.3 Power of Attorney of Marc Lasry. 24.4 Powers of Attorney of directors and officers of Citicasters signing this Registration ** Statement. 24.5 Power of Attorney of Randy Michaels. 24.6 Power of Attorney of Jon M. Berry. 24.7 Power of Attorney of R. Christopher Weber. 25 Statement of Eligibility of The Bank of New York, as trustee. 27.1 Financial Data Schedule of Jacor. Incorporated by reference to Jacor's Annual Report on Form * 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995, as amended. 27.2 Financial Data Schedule of Citicasters. Incorporated by reference to Citicasters' Annual * Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995, as amended.
- ------------------------ (*) Incorporated by reference. (**) Previously filed.
EX-1 2 EX 1 JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY %Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 Payment of Principal and Interest Unconditionally Guaranteed by Jacor Communications, Inc. and the other Guarantors named herein UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT December 12, 1996 DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE SECURITIES CORPORATION MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED c/o Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation 277 Park Avenue New York, New York 10172 Ladies and Gentlemen: Subject to the terms and conditions herein contained, Jacor Communications Company, a Florida corporation ("JCC") and a wholly owned subsidiary of Jacor Communications, Inc. (the "Company"), proposes to issue and sell to Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation ("DLJ") and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (collectively, the "Underwriters") an aggregate of $150,000,000 principal amount of its % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 (the "Securities"), which notes are irrevocably and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company, Broadcast Finance, Inc.; Cine Films, Inc.; Cine Guarantors, Inc.; Cine Guarantors II, Inc.; Cine Guarantors II, Ltd.; Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V.; Cine Movil S.A. de C.V.; Citicasters Co.; F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc.; GACC-N26LB, Inc.; GACC-340, Inc.; Georgia Network Equipment, Inc.; Great American Merchandising Group, Inc.; Great American Television Productions, Inc.; Inmobilaria Radial, S.A. de C.V.; Jacor Broadcasting Corporation; Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc., A Delaware Corporation; Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc.;. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc.; Jacor Cable, Inc.; Location Productions, Inc.; Location Productions II, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Center, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Group, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc.; Nobro, S.C.; Nova Marketing Group, Inc.; Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc.; Sports Radio, Inc.; Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc.; The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc.; WHOK, Inc.; and VTTV Productions, each a direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company or any successor entity, whether by merger, consolidation, change of name or otherwise (collectively, the "Guarantors" and together with "JCC", the "Registrants".) The Securities are to be issued pursuant to the provisions of an indenture to be dated as of December __, 1996 (the "Indenture") by and among the Guarantors, JCC and The Bank of New York as trustee (the "Trustee"). For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Securities" means the Securities together with the guarantee (the "Guarantee") thereof by the Guarantors. The Securities are being issued and sold (i) to finance the remaining purchase price of the Pending Transactions (as that term is defined in the Registration Statement (defined below)); (ii) to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facility; and (iii) for general corporate purposes, including the acquisition of other broadcast properties and repayment of other indebtedness. The Pending Transactions include, among other things, the merger of Regent Communications, Inc. ("Regent") with and into the Company (the "Regent Merger"). This Underwriting Agreement, the Indenture and all related agreements and documents executed in connec- 2 tion with the Pending Transactions are collectively referred to herein as the "Transaction Documents." 1. REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND PROSPECTUS. The Registrants have prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the "Act"), a registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-16469), including a preliminary prospectus, subject to completion, relating to the Securities. The registration statement, as amended at the time it becomes effective or, if a post-effective amendment is filed with respect thereto, as amended by such post-effective amendment at the time of its effectiveness, including in each case, all documents incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference therein, if any, all financial statements and exhibits, and the information, if any, contained in a prospectus or term sheet subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act and deemed to be a part of the registration statement at the time of its effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430A or Rule 434 under the Act (as applicable), and any additional registration statement relating to the issuance of additional Securities filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act, is hereinafter referred to as the "Registration Statement"; and the prospectus, constituting a part of the Registration Statement at the time it became effective, or such revised prospectus as shall be provided to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offering of the Securities that differs from the prospectus on file with the Commission at the time the Registration Statement became effective including, in each case, all documents incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference therein, if any, whether or not filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, and including any preliminary prospectus subject to completion and any term sheet meeting the requirements of Rule 434(c), filed pursuant to Rule 424(b), in the form used to confirm sales of the Securities, is hereinafter referred to as the "Prospectus." 2. AGREEMENTS TO SELL AND PURCHASE. On the basis of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement, and subject to its terms and conditions, the Registrants agree to issue and sell to each of the 3 Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Registrants, the Securities in the respective principal amounts set forth opposite their names on Schedule I hereto, plus such amount as they may individually become obligated to purchase pursuant to Section 8 hereof, at a purchase price equal to ______% of the principal amount thereof (the "Purchase Price"). 3. DELIVERY AND PAYMENT. Delivery to you of and payment for the Securities shall be made at 9:00 A.M., New York City time, on the fourth business day, unless otherwise permitted by the Commission pursuant to Rule 15c6-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the "Exchange Act"), (such time and date being referred to as the "Closing Date") following the date of the initial public offering of the Securities as advised by DLJ to the Company, at such place as DLJ shall reasonably designate. The Closing Date and the location of delivery of the Securities may be varied by agreement between DLJ and the Company. The Securities in definitive form shall be registered in such names and issued in such denominations as DLJ shall request in writing not later than two full business days prior to the Closing Date, and shall be made available to you at the offices of DLJ (or such other place as shall be acceptable to you) for inspection not later than 9:30 A.M., New York City time, on the business day next preceding the Closing Date. The Securities shall be delivered to you on the Closing Date with any transfer taxes payable upon initial issuance thereof duly paid by the Company, for the respective accounts of the Underwriters against payment of the Purchase Price by wire transfer payable in same day funds, to the order of the Company. 4. AGREEMENTS OF THE REGISTRANTS. The Registrants, as applicable, agree with each of you that: (a) The Registrants will, if the Registration Statement has not heretofore become effective under the Act, file an amendment to the Registration Statement or, if necessary pursuant to Rule 430A under the Act, a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, in each case as soon as 4 practicable after the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and will use their best efforts to cause the Registration Statement or such post-effective amendment to become effective at the earliest possible time. The Registrants will comply fully and in a timely manner with the applicable provisions of Rule 424 and Rule 430A and, if applicable, Rule 462, under the Act. (b) The Company will advise you promptly and, if requested by any of you, confirm such advice in writing, (i) when the Registration Statement has become effective, if and when the Prospectus is sent for filing pursuant to Rule 424 under the Act and when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission or any state securities commission or regulatory authority that relate to the Registration Statement or requests by the Commission or any state securities commission or regulatory authority for amendments to the Registration Statement or amendments or supplements to the Prospectus or for additional information, (iii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or of the suspension of qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation of any proceeding for such purpose by the Commission or any state securities commission or any other regulatory authority, and (iv) of the happening of any event during such period as in your reasonable judgment you are required to deliver a prospectus in connection with sales of the Securities by you which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes in the Registration Statement (as amended or supplemented from time to time) in order to make the statements therein not misleading or that makes any statement of a material fact made in the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented from time to time) untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes in the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented from time to time) in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company shall use 5 its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or order suspending the qualification or exemption of the Securities under any state securities or Blue Sky laws, and, if at any time the Commission shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or any state securities commission or other regulatory authority shall issue an order suspending the qualification or exemption of the Securities under any state securities or Blue Sky laws, the Company shall use every reasonable effort to obtain the withdrawal or lifting of such order at the earliest possible time. (c) The Company will furnish to you without charge two (2) signed copies (plus one (1) additional signed copy to your legal counsel) of the Registration Statement as first filed with the Commission and of each amendment to it, including all exhibits filed therewith, and will furnish to you such number of conformed copies of the Registration Statement as so filed and of each amendment to it, without exhibits, as you may reasonably request. (d) The Registrants will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, whether before or after the time when it becomes effective, or make any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, of which you shall not previously have been advised and provided a copy within two business days prior to the filing thereof (or such reasonable amount of time as is necessitated by the exigency of such amendment or supplement) or to which you shall reasonably object; and the Registrants will prepare and file with the Commission, promptly upon your reasonable request, any amendment to the Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus which may be necessary or advisable in connection with the distribution of the Securities by you, and will use their best efforts to cause any amendment to the Registration Statement to become effective as promptly as possible. (e) Promptly after the Registration Statement becomes effective, and from time to time thereafter for such period in your reasonable judgment as a prospectus is required to be delivered in connection 6 with sales of the Securities by you, the Company will furnish to each Underwriter and dealer without charge as many copies of the Prospectus (and of any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus) as such Underwriters and dealers may reasonably request. The Registrants consent to the use of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto by any Underwriter or any dealer, both in connection with the offering or sale of the Securities and for such period of time thereafter as the Prospectus is required by the Act or the Exchange Act to be delivered in connection therewith. (f) If during such period as in your reasonable judgment you are required to deliver a prospectus in connection with sales of the Securities by you any event shall occur as a result of which it becomes necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing as of the date the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading, or if it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to comply with any law, the Registrants will promptly prepare and file with the Commission an appropriate amendment or supplement to the Prospectus so that the statements in the Prospectus, as so amended or supplemented, will not, in the light of the circumstances existing as of the date the Prospectus is so delivered, be misleading, and will comply with applicable law, and will furnish to each Underwriter and dealer without charge such number of copies thereof as such Underwriters and dealers may reasonably request. (g) Prior to any public offering of the Securities, the Registrants will cooperate with you and your counsel in connection with the registration or qualification of the Securities for offer and sale by you under the state securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as you may request (provided, that the Registrants shall not be obligated to qualify as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction in which they are not so qualified or to take any action that would subject them to general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction in which they are not now so subject). The Registrants will 7 continue such qualification in effect so long as required by law for distribution of the Securities. (h) The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as reasonably practicable a consolidated earning statement covering a period of at least twelve months beginning after the "effective date" (as defined in Rule 158 under the Act) of the Registration Statement (but in no event commencing later than 90 days after such date) which shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act and Rule 158 thereunder, and to advise you in writing when such statement has been so made available. (i) The Registrants will timely complete all required filings and otherwise fully comply in a timely manner with all provisions of the Exchange Act. (j) During the period of five years hereafter, the Company will furnish to you (i) as soon as available, a copy of each report of the Company mailed to shareholders or filed with the Commission, and (ii) from time to time such other information concerning the Company as you may request. (k) Whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Registrants will pay and be responsible for all costs, expenses, fees and taxes in connection with or incident to (i) the printing, processing, filing, distribution and delivery under the Act or the Exchange Act of the Registration Statement, each preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus and all amendments or supplements thereto, (ii) the printing, processing, execution, distribution and delivery of this Agreement, any memoranda describing state securities or Blue Sky laws and all other agreements, memoranda, correspondence and other documents printed, distributed and delivered in connection with the offering of the Securities, (iii) the registration with the Commission and the issuance and delivery of the Securities, (iv) the registration or qualification of the Securities for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of the jurisdictions referred to in paragraph (g) 8 above (including, in each case, the fees and disbursements of counsel relating to such registration or qualification and memoranda relating thereto and any filing fees in connection therewith), (v) furnishing such copies of the Registration Statement, Prospectus and preliminary prospectus, and all amendments and supplements to any of them, as may be reasonably requested by you, (vi) filing, registration and clearance with the NASD in connection with the offering of the Securities (including any filing fees in connection therewith and the fees and disbursements of counsel relating thereto), (vii) any "qualified independent underwriter" as required by Section 2720 of the Conduct Rules of the NASD (including fees and disbursements of counsel for such qualified independent underwriter), (viii) the printing, processing, execution, distribution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and all other agreements, memoranda, correspondence and other documents, printed, distributed and delivered in connection with the Transaction Documents and (ix) the performance by the Registrants of their other obligations under this Agreement, the cost of their personnel and other internal costs, the cost of printing and engraving the certificates representing the Securities, and all expenses and taxes incident to the sale and delivery of the Securities to you. (l) The Company and JCC will use the proceeds from the sale of the Securities in the manner described in the Prospectus under the caption "Use of Proceeds." (m) The Registrants will use their best efforts to do and perform all things required to be done and performed under this Agreement by them prior to or after the Closing Date and to satisfy all conditions precedent on their part to the delivery of the Securities. (n) The Company will timely complete all required filings and otherwise comply fully in a timely manner with all provisions of the Exchange Act, and will file all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sec- 9 tion 13(a), 13(c), 14(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of the Prospectus is required in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. (o) During the period beginning on the date of this Agreement and continuing to and including the Closing Date, except as described in the Prospectus with respect to the Pending Transactions, there will be no transactions entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each a "Subsidiary" and, collectively, the "Subsidiaries"), which are material with respect to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, respectively, taken individually or as a whole, and there will be no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock or other equity interests. 5. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. The Registrants represent and warrant to each of you that: (a) When the Registration Statement becomes effective, including at the date of any post-effective amendment, at the date of the Prospectus (if different) and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement will comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Act, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; the Prospectus and any supplements or amendments thereto will not at the date of the Prospectus, at the date of any such supplements or amendments and at the Closing Date contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that the representations and warranties contained in this paragraph (a) shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any supplement or amendment to them) made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by or on 10 behalf of any Underwriter through DLJ expressly for use therein. The Registrants acknowledge for all purposes under this Agreement that the statements with respect to price and underwriting discount and the last paragraph all as set forth on the cover page and in paragraph four and in the second sentence of the fifth paragraph under the caption "Underwriting" in the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement) constitute the only written information furnished to the Registrants by DLJ expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement to them) and that the Underwriters shall not be deemed to have provided any other information (and therefore are not responsible for any such statement or omission). (b) Any term sheet and prospectus subject to completion provided by the Registrants to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities pursuant to Rule 434 under the Act together are not materially different from the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement. (c) Each preliminary prospectus and the prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Act, and each Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act, if any, complied when so filed in all material respects with the Act. (d) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries and Regent has been duly organized, is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and has the requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as it is currently being conducted, to own, lease and operate its properties and, as applicable, to authorize the offering of the Securities, to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement, and to issue, sell and deliver the Securities, and to execute, deliver and perform the Transaction Documents, as applicable, and each is duly qualified and is in good standing as a foreign corporation authorized to do business in each jurisdiction where the operation, ownership or leasing of property or the 11 conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified could not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the respective properties, business, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise), affairs or prospects of each of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect"). (e) All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other ownership interests in, each Subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued, and all of the shares of capital stock of, or other ownership interests in, each Subsidiary are owned, directly or through Subsidiaries, by the Company and, upon completion of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, all of the shares of capital stock of, or other ownership interests in the assets of Regent will be owned directly or through Subsidiaries, by the Company. All such shares of capital stock are fully paid and nonassessable, and are owned free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, claim, lien or encumbrance (each, a "Lien"), except for Liens arising under the Credit Agreement, dated as of June 12, 1996, as amended, by and among The Chase Manhattan Bank (as successor by merger to Chemical Bank), as Administrative Agent, Banque Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America, Illinois, as Syndication Agent (the "Credit Facility".) There are no outstanding subscriptions, rights, warrants, options, calls, convertible securities, commitments of sale or Liens related to or entitling any person to purchase or otherwise to acquire any shares of the capital stock of, or other ownership interest in, any Subsidiary and with respect to Regent except for the Regent Merger and stock options issued by Regent which options will be cancelled in connection with the Regent Merger. (f) The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectus under "Capitalization"; all the shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and not subject to any preemptive or similar rights. 12 (g) None of the Company, any of the Subsidiaries and Regent is in violation of their respective charters or bylaws or in default in the performance of any bond, debenture, note or any other evidence of indebtedness or any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other contract, lease or other instrument to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent is a party or by which any of them is bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent is subject, except, in the case of Regent, as could not have a Material Adverse Effect. (h) The Transaction Documents have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Registrants, as applicable, and constitute valid and legally binding agreements of the Registrants, as applicable, enforceable against the Registrants, as applicable, in accordance with their terms (assuming, in the case of each of the Transaction Documents, the due execution and delivery thereof by each party thereto). (i) The Indenture has been duly authorized by the Registrants and, when duly executed and delivered in accordance with its terms, will be a valid and legally binding agreement of the Registrants, enforceable against the Registrants in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under any usury laws may be unenforceable. (j) The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Indenture and the Securities by the Registrants, the issuance and sale of the Securities, the performance of this Agreement and the Indenture and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Indenture and the execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents by each of the Registrants and Regent, as applicable, and the consummation of the Pending Transactions will not (1) conflict with or result in a breach or violation 13 of any of the respective charters or bylaws of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or any of the terms or provisions of, except, in the case of Regent, as could not have a Material Adverse Effect or (2) constitute a default or cause an acceleration of any obligation under or result in the imposition or creation of (or the obligation to create or impose) a Lien with respect to, any bond, note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness or any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent is a party or by which it or any of them is bound, or to which any properties of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent is or may be subject, except, in the case of Regent, as could not have a Material Adverse Effect, or (3) contravene any order of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or any of their properties, or violate or conflict with any statute, rule or regulation or administrative or court decree applicable to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or any of their respective properties, except, in the case of Regent, as could not have a Material Adverse Effect. (k) There is no action, suit or proceeding before or by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, pending against or affecting the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or any of their respective properties, which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or which could reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect or which could reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the consummation of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or the consummation of the Transaction Documents or the Pending Transactions, and to the best of the Company's knowledge, no such proceedings are contemplated or threatened. No contract or document of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement is not so described or filed. 14 (l) No action has been taken and no statute, rule or regulation or order has been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental agency or body which prevents the issuance of the Securities, suspends the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, prevents or suspends the use of any preliminary prospectus or suspends the sale of the Securities in any jurisdiction referred to in Section 4(g) hereof; no injunction, restraining order or order of any nature by a Federal or state court of competent jurisdiction has been issued with respect to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries which would prevent or suspend the issuance or sale of the Securities, the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or the use of any preliminary prospectus in any jurisdiction referred to in Section 4(g) hereof; no action, suit or proceeding is pending against or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of the Subsidiaries before any court or arbitrator or any governmental body, agency or official, domestic or foreign, which, if adversely determined, would materially interfere with or adversely affect the issuance of the Securities or in any manner draw into question the validity of the Transaction Documents; and every request of the Commission or any securities authority or agency of any jurisdiction for additional information (to be included in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or otherwise) has been complied with in all material respects. (m) (i) None of the Company, any of the Subsidiaries and Regent is in violation of any Federal, state or local laws and regulations relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, ground water, land surface or subsurface strata), including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of toxic or hazardous substances, materials or wastes, or petroleum and petroleum products ("Materials of Environmental Concern"), or otherwise relating to the protection of human health and safety, or the storage, disposal, transport or handling of Materials of Environmental Concern (collectively, "Environmental 15 Laws"), which violation includes, but is not limited to, noncompliance with any permits or other governmental authorizations, except to the extent that any such violation could not have a Material Adverse Effect or otherwise require disclosure in the Prospectus; and (ii) to the best knowledge of the Company and any of the Subsidiaries, after due inquiry, (A) none of the Company, any of the Subsidiaries, Regent and any of the other parties to the Transaction Documents (the "Pending Transaction Parties") with respect to the properties and radio stations to be purchased or sold pursuant to the Transaction Documents (the "Pending Properties") has received any communication (written or oral), whether from a governmental authority or otherwise, alleging any such violation or noncompliance, and there are no circumstances, either past, present or that are reasonably foreseeable, that may lead to such violation in the future, (B) there is no pending or threatened claim, action, investigation or notice (written or oral) by any person or entity alleging potential liability for investigatory, cleanup, or governmental responses costs, or natural resources or property damages, or personal injuries, attorney's fees or penalties relating to (x) the presence, or release into the environment, of any Material of Environmental Concern at any location owned or operated by the Company, any of the Subsidiaries, Regent, and the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, now or in the past, or (y) circumstances forming the basis of any violation, or alleged violation, of any Environmental Law (collectively, "Environmental Claims") that could have a Material Adverse Effect or otherwise require disclosure in the Prospectus, and (C) there are no past or present actions, activities, circumstances, conditions, events or incidents, that could form the basis of any Environmental Claim against the Company, any of the Subsidiaries, Regent, and the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, or against any person or entity whose liability for any Environmental Claim the Company, any of the Subsidiaries, Regent, and the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, have retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law. In the ordinary course of its business, each of the 16 Company and the Subsidiaries and Regent conducts a periodic review of the effect of Environmental Laws on the business, operations and properties of the in the course of which it identifies and evaluates associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties); on the basis of such review, the Company and the Subsidiaries, have reasonably concluded that such associated costs and liabilities could not have a Material Adverse Effect. (n) None of the Company, any of the Subsidiaries, Regent, and to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, has violated any Federal, state or local law relating to discrimination in the hiring, promotion or pay of employees nor any applicable wage or hour laws, nor any provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA") or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, nor has the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, engaged in any unfair labor practice, which in each case described in this sentence could reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect. There is (i) no significant unfair labor practice complaint pending against the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened against any of them, before the National Labor Relations Board or any state or local labor relations board, and no significant grievance or significant arbitration proceeding arising out of or under any collective bargaining agreement is so pending against the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or Regent or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened against any of them, (ii) no 17 significant strike, labor dispute, slowdown or stoppage pending against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Regent or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, Regent, or the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties and (iii) to the best knowledge of the Company, no union representation question existing with respect to the employees of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, or the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, and, to the best knowledge of the Company, no union organizing activities are taking place, except (with respect to any matter specified in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, singly or in the aggregate) such as could not have a Material Adverse Effect. (o) The Company, each of its Subsidiaries and Regent each have good and marketable title, free and clear of all Liens, to all property and assets described in the Registration Statement as being owned by it, except for (i) Liens pursuant to the Credit Facility and (ii) Liens on general office equipment which are not material to the Company's operations. All leases to which the Company, the Subsidiaries or Regent are a party are valid and binding and no default has occurred or is continuing thereunder and the Company, each of its Subsidiaries and Regent enjoy peaceful and undisturbed possession under all such leases to which any of them is a party as lessee with such exceptions as do not materially interfere with the use made by the Company or any such Subsidiary or Regent. (p) The respective firm of accountants that has certified or shall certify the applicable consolidated financial statements and supporting schedules of the Company, Citicasters, Inc. ("Citicasters"), Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. ("Noble") and the operations of six radio stations, KIIS-FM and KIIS-AM in Los Angeles, KSDO-AM and KKBH-FM in San Diego and WDAE-AM and WUSA-FM in Tampa-St. Petersberg (the "Selected Gannett Radio Stations") owned and operated by Pacific and Southern Company, Inc., a subsidiary of Gannett Co., Inc. 18 ("Gannett") filed, to be filed or incorporated by reference with the Commission as part of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are independent public accountants with respect to the Company, the Subsidiaries and the Selected Gannett Radio Stations, Citicasters or Noble, as required by the Act. The consolidated historical and PRO FORMA financial statements, together with related schedules and notes, set forth in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act. Such historical financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial position of the Company, the Subsidiaries and the Selected Gannett Radio Stations, Citicasters and Noble at the respective dates indicated and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the respective periods indicated, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") consistently applied throughout such periods. Such PRO FORMA financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with such historical statements, except for the PRO FORMA adjustments specified therein, and give effect to assumptions made on a reasonable basis and present fairly the historical and proposed transactions contemplated by the Prospectus and the Transaction Documents. The other financial and statistical information and data included in the Prospectus and in the Registration Statement, historical and PRO FORMA, are, in all material respects, accurately presented and prepared on a basis consistent with such financial statements and the books and records of the Company and the Selected Gannett Radio Stations, Citicasters and Noble. (q) Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and up to the Closing Date, none of the Company, any of the Subsidiaries or Regent have incurred any liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, which are material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, nor entered into any transaction not in the ordinary course of business and there has not been, singly or in the aggregate, any material adverse change, or any development which could reasonably be expected to involve a material adverse change, in the proper- 19 ties, business, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise), affairs or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Change"). (r) All tax returns required to be filed by the Company, any of the Subsidiaries and Regent in any jurisdiction have been filed, other than those filings being contested in good faith, and all material taxes, including withholding taxes, penalties and interest, assessments, fees and other charges due or claimed to be due from such entities have been paid, other than those being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been provided or those currently payable without penalty or interest. (s) No authorization, approval or consent or order of, or filing with, any court or governmental body or agency is necessary in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Pending Transactions, except such as may be required by the NASD or have been obtained and made under the Act, the Exchange Act, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "TIA") or state securities or "Blue Sky" laws or regulations. Neither the Company nor any of its affiliates is presently doing business with the government of Cuba or with any person or affiliate located in Cuba. (t) (i) Each of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent and, to the knowledge of the Company, any of the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, has all certificates, consents, exemptions, orders, permits, licenses, authorizations, or other approvals (each, an "Authorization") of and from, and has made all declarations and filings with, all Federal, state, local and other governmental authorities (including the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC")), all self-regulatory organizations and all courts and other tribunals, necessary or required to own, lease, license and use its properties and assets and to conduct its business in the manner described in the Prospectus, except to the extent that the failure to obtain or file could not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material 20 Adverse Effect, (ii) all such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect, (iii) each of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, is in compliance in all material respects with the terms and conditions of all such Authorizations and with the rules and regulations of the regulatory authorities and governing bodies having jurisdiction with respect thereto and (iv) each commercial radio broadcast station identified in the Prospectus as owned and operated by any of the Company, the Subsidiaries or Regent, or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, as applicable, is operating with the maximum facilities specified by the Authorization pertaining thereto. (u) Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is (a) an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by an investment company within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or (b) a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" of a holding company, or an "affiliate" thereof within the meaning of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended. (v) No holder of any security of the Company has or will have any right to require the registration of such security by virtue of any transaction contemplated by this Agreement. (w) Each of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, possesses the patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks and trade names (collectively, "Intellectual Property") presently employed by them in connection with the businesses now operated by them, and none of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent, and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, has received any notice of infringement of or 21 conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to the foregoing which, singly or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in any Material Adverse Change. The use of such Intellectual Property in connection with the business and operations of each of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent, and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties does not, to the Company's knowledge, infringe on the rights of any person except where any such infringement has not resulted in, or could not reasonably be expected to result in any Material Adverse Change. (x) Each certificate signed by any officer of any Registrant and delivered to the Underwriters or counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the applicable Registrant to each Underwriter as to the matters covered thereby. (y) Each of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (1) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorizations; (2) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (3) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (4) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. (z) The Company has not (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in, or that has constituted or which could reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities or (ii) since the initial filing of the Registration Statement (A) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of, the Securities or (B) paid or agreed to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting 22 another to purchase any other securities of the Company. (aa) Each of the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, maintains insurance covering their properties, operations, personnel and businesses. Such insurance insures against such losses and risks as are adequate in accordance with customary industry practice to protect the Company and its Subsidiaries and their businesses. None of the Company, any Subsidiary and Regent, and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, has received notice from any insurer or agent of such insurer that substantial capital improvements or other expenditures will have to be made in order to continue such insurance. All such insurance is outstanding and duly in force on the date hereof and will be outstanding and duly in force on the Closing Date. (bb) Neither the Company nor Regent has, directly or indirectly, paid or delivered any fee, commission or other sum of money or item or property, however characterized, to any finder, agent, government official or other party, in the United States or any other country, which is in any manner related to the business or operations of the Company or Regent, respectively, which the Company knows or has reason to believe to have been illegal under any Federal, state or local laws of the United States or any other country having jurisdiction; and neither the Company nor Regent has participated, directly or indirectly, in any boycotts or other similar practices in contravention of law affecting any of its actual or potential customers. (cc) Neither the Company nor Regent owns any "margin securities" as that term is defined in Regulations G and U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board"). (dd) Each person described in the Prospectus as a person to whom the Company or any of the Sub- 23 sidiaries provides programming pursuant to a local marketing agreement or a joint sales agreement (a "Licensee") has been issued by the FCC an FCC license (which is in full force and effect) for the operation of the commercial radio broadcast station identified in the Prospectus as programmed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which licenses expire on the dates set forth in the Prospectus. (ee) Each person described in the Prospectus as a person to whom the Company or any of the Subsidiaries provides programming pursuant to an exclusive sales agency agreement (a "Mexican Licensee"), has been issued by the Mexican government all necessary Mexican licenses (which are in full force and effect) for the operation of the commercial radio broadcast station identified in the Prospectus as programmed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries have all Authorizations necessary to deliver programming to the Mexican Licensees. (ff) Each of the Company, its Subsidiaries and Regent and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, has filed with the FCC all material reports, documents, instruments, information and applications required to be filed pursuant to the FCC's rules, regulations and requests. No notice has been issued by the FCC which could permit, or after notice or lapse of time or both could permit, revocation or termination of any FCC license of any of the Subsidiaries, Regent or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties, or to the knowledge of the Company, of any of the Licensees prior to the expiration dates thereof or which could reasonably be expected to result in any other material impairment of any of the Subsidiaries', or Regent or its subsidiaries, or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties or their subsidiaries with respect to the Pending Properties, or, to the knowledge of the Company, of any of the Licensees' rights thereunder and which could reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. 24 (gg) Each of the Stations is now operating, and has operated, in compliance in all material respects with the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the "Communications Act"), and the published rules and regulations of the FCC. There is not issued, outstanding or pending any Notice of Violation, Notice of Apparent Liability, Order to Show Cause, material complaint or investigation by or before the FCC which could materially threaten or materially adversely affect any of the Company's or any of its Subsidiaries', Regent or its subsidiaries', or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties or their subsidiaries' with respect to the Pending Properties, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any Licensees' FCC licenses or which could reasonably be expected to result in any material adverse effect upon any of the Company's Subsidiaries, Regent or its subsidiaries, or, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties or their subsidiaries with respect to the Pending Properties, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any Licensees' operation of its respective stations and which could reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, nor does the Company have reason to believe that the FCC licenses with respect to the Stations will not be renewed for a full eight year term when such FCC licenses are due for renewal. (hh) The execution, delivery and performance of the obligations by the Company under this Agreement are not and will not be contrary to the Communications Act, as amended, will not result in any violation of the FCC's published rules and regulations, will not cause any forfeiture or impairment of any FCC license of any of the Stations by or before the FCC, and will not require any consent, approval or authorization of the FCC. (ii) The execution, delivery and performance of the obligations by each of the Registrants, as applicable, and Regent (each, a "Transaction Party" and, collectively, the "Transaction Parties") and, to the knowledge of the Company, by the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties to the extent each is a party to the 25 Transaction Documents are not and will not be contrary to the Communications Act, will not result in any violation of the FCC's published rules and regulations, will not cause any forfeiture or impairment of any FCC license of any of the Stations by or before the FCC, and will not require any consent, approval or authorization of the FCC (other than approval for a transfer of control over the relevant Stations). All necessary applications, exhibits or other filings required by the FCC for transfer of control of the Stations now controlled by Regent, and, to the knowledge of the Company, by the Pending Transaction Parties with respect to the Pending Properties pursuant to the applicable Transaction Documents have been filed with the FCC (the "Transfer Applications"). To the best of the Company's knowledge, there are no circumstances that would cause the FCC to reject the Transfer Applications. (jj) The Transaction Parties and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties, have, to the extent each is or will be a party thereto, all requisite corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform their respective obligations under each of the Transaction Documents; each of the Transaction Documents has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Transaction Parties and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties, to the extent each is a party thereto, and each constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of the Transaction Party and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Pending Transaction Parties, enforceable against each Transaction Party or Pending Transaction Party, as applicable, in accordance with its terms; except as set forth in the Prospectus, no consent, approval, authorization or order of any court or governmental agency or body is required for the performance of any of the Transaction Documents by each of the Transaction Parties or, to the knowledge of the Company, each Pending Transaction Party, to the extent each is a party thereto, or the consummation by each of the Transaction Parties, or to the knowledge of the Company, each of the Pending Transaction Parties, of any of the transactions contemplated thereby, except such as may be required 26 and have been obtained, or upon effectiveness of the Registration Statement, will have been obtained, under the Act, the Exchange Act, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "TIA"), or state securities or "Blue Sky" laws or regulations or such as may be required by the NASD in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters; and none of the Transaction Parties, is (i) in violation of its charter or bylaws, (ii) in violation of any statute, judgment, decree, order, rule or regulation applicable to any of them or any of their respective properties or assets, which violation would have a Material Adverse Effect, or (iii) in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any of the Transaction Documents or any other contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, note, lease, license, franchise agreement, permit, Authorizations, certificate or agreement or instrument to which any of them is a party or to which any of them is subject, which default would have a Material Adverse Effect. (kk) The execution, delivery and performance by the Transaction Parties, to the extent each is a party thereto, of each of the Transaction Documents, and the consummation by the respective Transaction Parties of the transactions contemplated thereby, will not violate, conflict with or constitute or result in a breach of or a default under (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a breach of or a default under) any of (i) the terms or provisions of any of the Transaction Documents or any other indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, note, lease, license, franchise agreement, or agreement or instrument to which a Transaction Party, is a party or to which any of their respective properties or assets are subject, which violation, conflict, breach or default would have a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the charter or bylaws of the Transaction Party, or (iii) any statute, judgment, decree, order, rule or regulation of any court, governmental agency or other body or self regulatory organization applicable to each Transaction Party, or any of their respective properties or assets, which violation, conflict, 27 breach or default would have a Material Adverse Effect. (ll) The Regent Merger has been duly authorized by the relevant Transaction Parties and the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been approved, to the extent required, by all appropriate corporate action; approval of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents by the shareholders of the Company is not required. (mm) The Company has delivered to the Underwriters a true and correct copy of each of the Transaction Documents that have been executed and delivered prior to the date of this Agreement and each other Transaction Document in the form substantially as it will be executed and delivered, together with all related agreements and all schedules and exhibits thereto, and there have been no amendments, alterations, modifications or waivers of any of the provisions of any of the Transaction Documents since their date of execution or from the form in which it has been delivered to the Underwriters; there exists as of the date hereof (after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents) no event or condition which would constitute a default or an event of default (in each case as defined in the Credit Facility) under the Credit Facility, and no event or condition which would constitute a default or an event of default (in each case as defined in each of the Transaction Documents) under any of the Transaction Documents other than the Credit Facility, which would result in a Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely effect the ability of each of the Company or Regent to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. (nn) No director, officer or substantial shareholder of the Company has a 5% or greater interest (or no such persons collectively have a 10% or greater interest), directly or indirectly, in Regent. (oo) The shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Regent Merger Agreement, will not 28 have upon issuance, voting power equal to or in excess of 20% of the voting power outstanding before the issuance of the Common Stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock. (pp) The Company has filed with the Commission all filings that are required to be filed as of the date hereof with respect to the financial statements of each of the Transaction Parties (as defined herein) in filings made under the Act and under the Exchange Act, specifically as required by Rule 3-05 of Regulation S-X and General Instructions and Item 7 of Form 8-K. (ss) Each of the representations and warranties contained in each of the Transaction Documents are true and correct on and as of the date hereof, except as could not have a Material Adverse Effect. 6. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) The Registrants, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify and hold harmless (i) each of the Underwriters and (ii) each person, if any, who controls (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) any of the Underwriters (any of the persons referred to in this clause (ii) being hereinafter referred to as a "controlling person"), and (iii) the respective officers, directors, partners, employees, representatives and agents of any of the Underwriters or any controlling person (any person referred to in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) may hereinafter be referred to as an "Indemnified Person") to the fullest extent lawful, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, actions and expenses (including without limitation and as incurred, reimbursement of all reasonable costs of investigating, preparing, pursuing or defending any claim or action, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, including the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel to any Indemnified Person) directly or indirectly caused by, related to, based upon, arising out of or in connection with any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the 29 information deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (including any amendment or supplement thereto) or any preliminary prospectus, or any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (i) except insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, actions or expenses are caused by an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission that is made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any of the Underwriters furnished in writing to the Company by DLJ expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any preliminary prospectus, (ii) the foregoing indemnity agreement with respect to any untrue statement contained in or omission from a preliminary prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of the Underwriter from whom the person asserting any such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses purchased Securities, or any person controlling such Underwriter, if a copy of the Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented, if the Company shall have furnished any amendments or supplements thereto) was not sent or given by or on behalf of the Underwriters to such person, if such is required by law, at or prior to the written confirmation of the sale of such Securities to such person and the untrue statement contained in or omission from such preliminary prospectus was corrected in the Prospectus (or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented). The Company shall notify you promptly of the institution, threat or assertion of any claim, proceeding (including any governmental investigation) or litigation in connection with the matters addressed by this Agreement which involves the Company or an Indemnified Person. (b) In case any action or proceeding (including any governmental investigation) shall be brought or asserted against any of the Indemnified Persons with respect to which indemnity may be sought against the Registrants, such Underwriter (or the Underwriter controlled by such controlling person) shall 30 promptly notify the Company in writing (provided, that the failure to give such notice shall not relieve the Registrants of their obligations pursuant to this Agreement). Such Indemnified Person shall have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action and the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be paid, as incurred, by the Registrants (regardless of whether it is ultimately determined that an Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder). The Registrants shall not, in connection with any one such action or proceeding or separate but substantially similar or related actions or proceedings in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances, be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys (in addition to any local counsel) at any time for such Indemnified Persons, which firm shall be designated by DLJ. The Registrants shall be liable for any settlement of any such action or proceeding effected with the Company's prior written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld, and the Registrants, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify and hold harmless any Indemnified Person from and against any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense by reason of any settlement of any action effected with the written consent of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an Indemnified Person shall have requested the Registrants to reimburse the Indemnified Person for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second sentence of this paragraph, the Registrants, jointly and severally, agree that they shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without the Company's written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 10 business days after receipt by the Company of the aforesaid request, and (ii) the Registrants shall not have reimbursed the Indemnified Person in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. The Registrants shall not, without the prior written consent of each Indemnified Person, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of judgment in or otherwise seek to terminate any pending or threatened action, claim, litigation or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not any Indemnified Person is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination 31 includes an unconditional release of each Indemnified Person from all liability arising out of such action, claim, litigation or proceeding. (c) Each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Registrants, their directors, their officers who sign the Registration Statement, any person controlling (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) the Registrants, and the officers, directors, partners, employees, representatives and agents of each such person, to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Registrants to each of the Indemnified Persons, but only with respect to claims and actions based on information relating to such Underwriter furnished in writing by DLJ expressly for use in the Prospectus. (d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 6 is unavailable to an indemnified party in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, actions or expenses referred to herein, then each indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, actions and expenses (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other hand from the offering of the Securities or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the indemnifying parties and the indemnified party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Registrants, on the one hand, and any of the Underwriters, on the other hand, shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total proceeds from the offering (net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses) received by the Registrants bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospec- 32 tus. The relative fault of the Registrants and the Underwriters shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact related to information supplied by the Registrants or the Underwriters and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The indemnity and contribution obligations of the Registrants set forth herein shall be in addition to any liability or obligation the Registrants may otherwise have to any Indemnified Person. The Registrants and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 6(d) were determined by PRO RATA allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, actions or expenses referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 6, none of the Underwriters (and its related Indemnified Persons) shall be required to contribute, in the aggregate, any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discount applicable to the Securities purchased by such Underwriter exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 6(d) are several in proportion to the respective number 33 of Securities purchased by each of the Underwriters hereunder and not joint. 7. CONDITIONS OF UNDERWRITERS' OBLIGATIONS. The several obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Securities under this Agreement are subject to the satisfaction of each of the following conditions: (a) All the representations and warranties of the Registrants contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct on the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of the Closing Date. The Company shall have performed or complied with all of its obligations and agreements herein contained and required to be performed or complied with by it at or prior to the Closing Date. (b) (i) The Registration Statement shall have become effective (or, if a post-effective amendment is required to be filed pursuant to Rule 430A promulgated under the Act, such post-effective amendment shall have become effective) not later than 10:00 A.M. (and in the case of a Registration Statement filed under Rule 462(b) of the Act, not later than 10:00 P.M.), New York City time, on the date of this Agreement or at such later date and time as you may approve in writing, (ii) at the Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been commenced or shall be pending before or contemplated by the Commission and every request for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with in all material respects, and (iii) no stop order suspending the sale of the Securities in any jurisdiction referred to in Section 4(g) shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been commenced or shall be pending or threatened. (c) No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental agency which would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance of the Securities; and no injunction, restraining order or order of any nature by a Federal or state court of competent jurisdiction shall 34 have been issued as of the Closing Date which would prevent the issuance of the Securities or the consummation of the Pending Transactions. (d) (i) Since the date hereof or since the dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there shall not have been any Material Adverse Change, (ii) since the date of the latest balance sheet included, or incorporated by reference, in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there shall not have been any material change in the capital stock or long-term debt, or material increase in short-term debt, of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries taken as a whole and (iii) the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, shall have no liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, respectively, and is required to be disclosed on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP and is not disclosed on the latest applicable balance sheet included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (e) You shall have received a certificate of the Company, dated the Closing Date, executed on behalf of the Company, by the President or any Vice President and a principal financial or accounting officer of the Company confirming, as of the Closing Date, the matters set forth in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this Section 7. (f) On the Closing Date, you shall have received: (1) an opinion (satisfactory to you and your counsel), dated the Closing Date, of Graydon, Head & Ritchey, counsel for the Company, (which opinion shall, in regards to any matters covered by the law of the States of Colorado, Florida or Georgia, rely on the opinion of Colorado, Florida or Georgia counsel, respectively, reasonably acceptable to the Underwriters) to the effect that: (i) (A) the Company and each of the Subsidiaries is a duly organized and validly existing corporation in good stand- 35 ing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation, has the requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation and in good standing in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified could not be reasonably expected to have, singly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; and (B) the Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement; (ii) the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Registrants, as applicable; (iii) the authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectus under "Capitalization"; (iv) all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other ownership interests in, each Subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued, and the shares of capital stock of, or other ownership interests in, each Subsidiary are owned, directly or through Subsidiaries, by the Company, are fully paid and nonassessable, and are owned free and clear of any Lien, except for Liens pursuant to the Credit Facility; (v) to the knowledge of such counsel (after due inquiry) there are no outstanding subscriptions, rights, warrants, options, calls, convertible securities, commitments of sale or Liens related to or entitling any person to purchase or otherwise to acquire any shares of the capital stock of, or other ownership interest in, any Subsidiary except as disclosed in the Prospectus; 36 (vi) neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is (A) an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by an investment company within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or (B) a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" of a holding company, or an "affiliate" thereof within the meaning of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended; (vii) neither the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement nor the sale, issuance, execution or delivery of the Securities, will violate Regulation G, T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; (viii) when authenticated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and delivered to and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Guarantee and the Securities will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Guarantors and JCC, respectively, enforceable against the Guarantors and JCC, respectively, in accordance with their respective terms and entitled to the benefits of the Indenture, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under any usury laws may be unenforceable; (ix) the Indenture, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the Trustee, constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of the Registrants, respectively, enforceable against the Registrants, in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is 37 sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under any usury laws may be unenforceable; (x) the Securities and the Indenture conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained in the Prospectus; (xi) to the best knowledge of such counsel, there is no current, pending or threatened action, suit or proceeding before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary or to which any of their respective properties is subject of a character required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement which is not adequately disclosed in the Prospectus; (xii) the descriptions in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus of statutes, legal and governmental proceedings and contracts and other documents are accurate in all material respects and fairly present the information required to be shown; and such counsel does not know of any legal or governmental proceedings required to be described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus which are not described as required or of any contracts or documents of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement which are not described and filed as required; it being understood that such counsel need express no opinion as to the financial statements, notes or schedules or other financial data included therein; (xiii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Act; any required filing of the Prospectus, and any supplements and term sheets thereto, pursuant to Rule 424(b) has been made in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b); and to the knowledge of such counsel (after due inquiry) no stop order suspending the effec- 38 tiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof has been issued and no proceedings therefor have been instituted or are pending or contemplated under the Act; and the Indenture has been duly qualified under the TIA; (xiv) no authorization, approval, consent or order of, or filing with, any court or governmental body or agency is required for the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by the Agreement, except such as have been obtained and made under the Act, the Exchange Act, the TIA, state securities or "Blue Sky" laws or regulations or such as may be required by the NASD; no authorization, approval, consent or order of, or filing with, any court or governmental body or agency is required for the consummation by the Registrants, as applicable, or Regent, of the transactions contemplated by the applicable Transaction Documents, except as disclosed in the Prospectus; the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Indenture, the issuance and sale of the Securities, the performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in a breach or violation of any of (A) any of the respective charters or bylaws of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or (B) to the knowledge of such counsel (after due inquiry), the terms or provisions of any agreement or instrument which is filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound, or to which any of the properties of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is subject, or (C) to the knowledge of such counsel (after due inquiry) constitute a default under, any statute, rule or regulation to which the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or to which any of the properties of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject or (D) any order of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any of their properties which conflict, breach or default in each of the cases described in 39 clauses (B), (C) and (D) could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (xv) at the time it became effective and on the Closing Date, the Registration Statement complied as to form in all material respects with the Act; (xvi) to the knowledge of such counsel, neither the Company nor the Subsidiaries has received any notice of infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to the Intellectual Property which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. The use of such Intellectual Property in connection with the business and operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries does not, to the knowledge of such counsel, infringe on the rights of any person; (xvii) to the best knowledge of such counsel, (A) there are no franchises, contracts, indentures, mortgages, loan agreements, notes, leases or other instruments to which the Company, any of the Subsidiaries or Regent are a party or by which any of them may be bound that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement other than those described therein or filed as exhibits thereto and (B) no default exists in the due performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument so described or filed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement, or any agreement identified on a schedule attached to the opinion, except for defaults which could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (xviii) the Company, the Subsidiaries and Regent, to the extent each is a 40 party thereto, have full corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its respective obligations under the applicable Transaction Documents; (xix) the Transaction Documents, assuming the authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the parties other than the Registrants, as applicable, and Regent, constitute valid and legally binding agreements of the respective parties thereto enforceable against each of the parties, to the extent each is a party thereto, in accordance with their respective terms subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and to principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under usury laws may be unenforceable; and (xx) the approval of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents by the shareholders of the Company is not required. (2) Such counsel shall additionally state that such counsel has participated in conferences with officers and other representatives of the Company, representatives of the independent public accountants for the Company, your representatives and your counsel in connection with the preparation of the Registration Statement and Prospectus and has considered the matters required to be stated therein and the statements contained therein, although such counsel has not independently verified the accuracy, completeness or fairness of such statements (except as indicated above); and such counsel advises you that, on the basis of the foregoing, no facts came to such counsel's attention that caused such counsel to believe that the Registration Statement (as amended or supplemented, if applicable), at the time such Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment became effective, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or 41 necessary to make the statements therein not misleading (other than information omitted therefrom in reliance on Rule 430A under the Act), or the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented), as of its date and the Closing Date, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Without limiting the foregoing, such counsel may further state that the firm assumes no responsibility for, and the firm has not independently verified, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the financial statements, notes and schedules and other financial data included in the Registration Statement. (3) An opinion (satisfactory to you and your counsel), dated the Closing Date of Hogan & Hartson, counsel for the Company with respect to FCC and related matters to the effect that: (i) those statements in the Prospectus, including the statements incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, under the caption "Business -- Federal Regulation of Radio Broadcasting" in the Company's Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended September 30, 1996 that describe provisions of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the "Communications Act"), and the FCC's published rules or regulations (for purposes of this opinion only, the "Rules") are accurate descriptions in all material respects. (ii) Schedule A to this opinion sets forth a complete list of the authorizations issued by the FCC to the Company and its Subsidiaries (for purposes of this opinion only, the "Licenses"). To such counsel's knowledge, the Licenses are the only licenses, permits or authorizations required under the Communications Act for the operation (as presently conducted) of the radio stations listed on Schedule B (for purposes of this opinion only, the "Jacor Stations"). Except for the pending applications noted on Schedule A hereto, the Licenses are in full force and 42 effect (and the time within which any administrative or judicial appeal, reconsideration, rehearing or other review might be sought has lapsed with respect to the grant of the authorizations for the currently effective terms, and no such appeal, reconsideration, rehearing, or other review has been taken or instituted), and are held by the relevant Subsidiary, and the expiration date of each License is set forth in Schedule A hereto. Except as indicated on Schedule C to this opinion, the Licenses are not subject to any conditions imposed by the FCC other than those that appear on the Licenses or are customarily imposed by the FCC on radio stations of the same class and type. (iii) Except as listed in Schedule D hereto, there is no proceeding or other administrative action pending or, to such counsel's knowledge, threatened, before the FCC against the Company or any Subsidiary, which, if adversely determined, would materially and adversely affect the business or financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. To such counsel's knowledge, except as listed on Schedule E to this opinion, the Company and the Subsidiaries have filed with the FCC during the current license term of each License all material reports and forms required to be filed by the Company and the Subsidiaries with the FCC with respect to the Jacor Stations. (iv) The execution, delivery and performance of the obligations as of the date hereof by the Company under the transaction documents described on Schedule F to this opinion (for purposes of the opinion only, collectively, the "Transaction Documents"), (i) do not violate the Communications Act, (ii) do not violate any of the Rules, (iii) do not violate the terms of any of the Licenses, (iv) do not cause any forfeiture or impairment of any license and (v) do not require any consent, approval or authorization of the FCC that has not been obtained; except that (A) prior FCC 43 approval is required for a transfer of control of the relevant Stations; (B) since we lack actual knowledge regarding the citizenship and other media interests of the purchasers of the Shares, we do not express any opinion with respect to compliance with multiple ownership and foreign ownership requirements under the Communications Act and the Rules with respect to the FCC's cross-interest policy (which such policy is summarized at 4 FCC Rcd. 2035). All necessary applications required by the FCC as of the date hereof for the transfer of control of the stations described in Pending Transactions have been filed with the FCC. (4) An opinion (satisfactory to you and your counsel), dated the Closing Date of Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker, counsel for the Company, to the effect that: (i) when authenticated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and delivered to and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Guarantee and the Securities will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Guarantors and JCC, respectively, enforceable against the Guarantors and JCC, in accordance with their respective terms and entitled to the benefits of the Indenture, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under any usury laws may be unenforceable; and (ii) the Indenture, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the Trustee, constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of the Registrants, enforceable against each of the Registrants, in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar 44 laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights. under any usury laws may be unenforceable (g) You shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date, of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP ("Skadden Arps"), counsel for the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to you. (h) You shall have received letters on and as of the date hereof as well as on and as of the Closing Date (in the latter case constituting an affirmation of the statements set forth in the former, in form and substance satisfactory to you, from Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P., Ernst & Young LLP and Price Waterhouse LLP, independent public accountants, with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus for each of the Company and Gannett, Citicasters and Noble, respectively. (i) Prior to or concurrently with the purchase and sale of the Securities hereunder, the Company shall have obtained the consents of the lenders under the Credit Facility approving JCC's issuance of the Notes and the Guarantors' guarantee thereof. (j) Skadden Arps shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions, in addition to those set forth above, as they may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling them to review or pass upon the matters referred to in this Section 7 and in order to evidence the accuracy, completeness or satisfaction in all material respects of any of the representations, warranties or conditions herein contained. (k) Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to you such further information, certificates and documents as you may reasonably request. 45 (l) There shall have been no amendments, alterations, modifications, or waivers of any provisions of the Transaction Documents since the date of the execution and delivery thereof by the parties thereto other than those which under the Act are not required to be disclosed in the Prospectus or any supplement thereto and which have been disclosed to the Underwriters prior to the date hereof. (m) Each of the Registrants, as applicable, and Regent, shall, to the extent each is a party thereto, have complied in all respects with all agreements and covenants in the Transaction Documents and performed all conditions specified therein that the terms thereof require to be complied with or performed at or prior to the date hereof. (n) Except as is disclosed to the Underwriters in writing, the representations and warranties of the Registrants, as applicable, and Regent set forth in the Transaction Documents shall be true, accurate and complete in all respects. 8. DEFAULTS. If on the Closing Date any of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Securities, which it has agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, and the aggregate amount of Securities that such defaulting Underwriter(s) agreed but failed or refused to purchase does not exceed 10% of the total aggregate principal amount of Securities to be purchased on such date by all of the Underwriters, each non-defaulting Underwriter shall be obligated severally, in the proportion which the amount of such Securities set forth opposite its name in Schedule I hereto bears to the aggregate principal amount of Securities which all the non-defaulting Underwriters, as the case may be, have agreed to purchase, or in such other proportion as you may specify, to purchase the Securities that such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, as the case may be, agreed but failed or refused to purchase on such date; PROVIDED that in no event shall the aggregate principal amount of Securities that any Underwriter has agreed to purchase pursuant to Section 2 hereof be increased pursuant to this Section 8 by an amount in excess of one-ninth of such principal amount of Securities without the written consent of such Underwriter. If, on the Closing Date, any of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase the Securities 46 with respect to which such default exceeds 10% of the total aggregate principal amount of Securities to be purchased on such date by all Underwriter(s) and arrangements satisfactory to the other Underwriter(s) and the Registrants for the purchase of such Securities are not made within 48 hours after such default, this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the part of the non-defaulting Underwriter(s) or the Registrants, except as otherwise provided in this Section 8. In any such case that does not result in termination of this Agreement, the Underwriters or the Registrants may postpone the Closing Date for not longer than seven (7) days, in order that the required changes, if any, in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or any other documents or arrangements may be effected. Any action taken under this paragraph shall not relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of any default by any such Underwriter under this Agreement. 9. EFFECTIVE DATE OF AGREEMENT AND TERMINATION. This Agreement shall become effective upon the later of (i) the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, (ii) the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and (iii) if a post-effective amendment is required to be filed pursuant to Rule 430A under the Act, the effectiveness of such post-effective amendment. This Agreement may be terminated at any time on or prior to the Closing Date by you by notice to the Company if any of the following has occurred: (i) subsequent to the date the Registration Statement is declared effective or the date of this Agreement, any Material Adverse Change occurs which, in the judgment of any Underwriter, make it impracticable or inadvisable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, (ii) any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity or crisis or material adverse change in the financial markets of the United States or elsewhere, or any other substantial national or international calamity or emergency if the effect of such outbreak, escalation, calamity, crisis or emergency would, in the judgment of any Underwriter, make it impracticable or inadvisable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, (iii) any suspension or limitation of trading generally in securities on the New York 47 Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq Stock Market or in the over-the-counter markets or any setting of minimum prices for trading on such exchanges or markets, (iv) any declaration of a general banking moratorium by Federal, New York or Ohio authorities, (v) the taking of any action by any Federal, state or local government or agency in respect of its monetary or fiscal affairs that in your judgment has a material adverse effect on the financial markets in the United States, and would, in your judgment, make it impracticable or inadvisable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, (vi) the enactment, publication, decree, or other promulgation of any Federal or state statute, regulation, rule or order of any court or other governmental authority which, in your judgment, materially and adversely affects or will materially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company or any Subsidiary, or (vii) any securities of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries shall have been downgraded or placed on any "watch list" for possible downgrading by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization, PROVIDED, that in the case of such "watch list" placement, termination shall be permitted only if such placement would, in the judgment of any Underwriter, make it impracticable or inadvisable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities or materially impair the investment quality of the Securities. The indemnities and contribution provisions and the other agreements, representations and warranties of the Company, its officers and directors and of the Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Securities, regardless of (i) any investigation, or statement as to the results thereof, made by or on behalf of any of the Underwriters or by or on behalf of the Company, the officers or directors of the Company or any controlling person of the Company, (ii) acceptance of the Securities and payment for them hereunder and (iii) termination of this Agreement. If this Agreement shall be terminated by the Underwriters pursuant to clauses (i) or (vii) of the second paragraph of this Section 10 or because of the failure or refusal on the part of the Company to comply 48 with the terms or to fulfill any of the conditions of this Agreement, the Company agrees to reimburse you for all out-of-pocket expenses (including the fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred by you. Notwithstanding any termination of this Agreement, the Company shall be liable for all expenses which it has agreed to pay pursuant to Section 4(k) hereof. 10. NOTICES. Notices given pursuant to any provision of this Agreement shall be addressed as follows: (a) if to the Company, prior to December 14, 1996 to it at Jacor Communications, Inc. 1300 PNC Center, 201 East Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, Attention: Randy Michaels, President, fax (513) 621-0090, and on or after December 14, 1996 to Jacor Communications, Inc., 50 East River Boulevard, 12th Floor, Covington, Kentucky 41011, Attention: Randy Michaels, President, fax ______________, with a copy to Graydon, Head & Ritchey, 1900 Fifth Third Center, 511 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, Attention: Richard G. Schmalzl, Esq., and (b) if to any Underwriter, to Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation, 277 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10172 Attention: Syndicate Department, and, in each case, with a copy to Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP at 300 South Grand Avenue, Suite 3400, Los Angeles, California 90071, Attention: Gregg A. Noel, Esq., or in any case to such other address as the person to be notified may have requested in writing. 11. SEVERABILITY. Any determination that any provision of this Agreement may be, or is, unenforceable shall not affect the enforceability of the remainder of this Agreement. 12. GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AS APPLIED TO CONTRACTS MADE AND PERFORMED ENTIRELY WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW. THE COMPANY, ON BEHALF OF ITSELF AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES, HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE FEDERAL AND NEW YORK STATE COURTS LOCATED IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE MATTERS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY DEFENSE OF LACK OF PERSONAL JURISDICTION AND IRREVOCABLY AGREES THAT ALL CLAIMS IN RESPECT OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING 49 MAY BE HEARD AND DETERMINED IN ANY SUCH COURT. THE COMPANY, ON BEHALF OF ITSELF AND THE SUBSIDIARIES, IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT IT MAY EFFECTIVELY DO SO UNDER APPLICABLE LAW, ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT AND ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM. 13. SUCCESSORS. Except as otherwise provided, this Agreement has been and is made solely for the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Company, the Underwriters, any Indemnified Person referred to herein and their respective successors and assigns, all as and to the extent provided in this Agreement, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement. The terms "successors and assigns" shall not include a purchaser of any of the Securities from any of the Underwriters merely because of such purchase. 14. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts and, if executed in one or more counterpart, the executed counterparts shall each be deemed to be an original, not all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. 15. HEADINGS. The headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to effect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement. 16. SURVIVAL. The indemnities and contribution provisions and the other agreements, representations and warranties of the Company, its officers and directors and of the Underwriter set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Securities, regardless of (i) any investigation, or statement as to the results thereof, made by or on behalf of the Underwriter or by or on behalf of the Company, the officers or directors of the Company or any controlling person of the Company, (ii) acceptance of the Securities and payment for them hereunder and (iii) termination of this Agreement. 50 This Agreement may be signed in various counterparts which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Please confirm that the foregoing correctly sets forth the agreement among the Company and you. Very truly yours, JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. By: ------------------------------------ Name: Title: JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY By: ------------------------------------ Name: Title: BROADCAST FINANCE, INC.; CINE FILMS, INC.; CINE GUARANTORS, INC.; CINE GUARANTORS II, INC.; CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD.; CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L N.V.; CINE MOVIL S.A. DE C.V.; CITICASTERS CO.; F.M.I. PENNSYLVANIA, INC.; GACC- N26LB, INC.; GACC-340, INC.; GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC.; GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP, INC.; GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS, INC.; INMOBILARIA RADIAL, S.A. DE C.V.; JACOR BROADCASTING CORPORATION; JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, INC.; JACOR 51 BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION; JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, INC.; JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY, INC.; JACOR CABLE, INC.; LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC.; LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, INC.; NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC.; NOBRO, S.C.; NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC.; SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC.; SPORTS RADIO, INC.; TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, INC.; THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, INC.; WHOK, INC.; AND VTTV PRODUCTIONS By: ------------------------------------ Name: Title: 52 The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written. DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE SECURITIES CORPORATION MERRILL, LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED Acting on behalf of themselves By: DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE SECURITIES CORPORATION By: -------------------------- Name: Title: 53 SCHEDULE 1 Amount of Securities to Underwriters be Purchased - ------------ ------------ Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 90,000,000 Merrill, Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 60,000,000 --------------- Total $ 150,000,000 --------------- --------------- 54 EX-4.1 3 EXHIBIT 4.1 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY ISSUER, AND JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC., PARENT GUARANTOR AND UNCONDITIONALLY GUARANTEED BY THE SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS NAMED HEREIN AND THE BANK OF NEW YORK TRUSTEE ______________________________ INDENTURE Dated as of December ___, 1996 ______________________________ $150,000,000 ___% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ---- ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE. . . . . . . . 1 SECTION 1.1. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 SECTION 1.2. Incorporation by Reference of TIA . . . . . . . . . 30 SECTION 1.3. Rules of Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ARTICLE II THE SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 SECTION 2.1. Form and Dating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 SECTION 2.2. Execution and Authentication. . . . . . . . . . . . 31 SECTION 2.3. Registrar and Paying Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 SECTION 2.4. Paying Agent to Hold Assets in Trust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 SECTION 2.5. Securityholder Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 SECTION 2.6. Transfer and Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 SECTION 2.7. Replacement Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 SECTION 2.8. Outstanding Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 SECTION 2.9. Treasury Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 SECTION 2.10. Temporary Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 SECTION 2.11. Cancellation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 SECTION 2.12. Defaulted Interest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 SECTION 2.13. CUSIP Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ARTICLE III REDEMPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 SECTION 3.1. Right of Redemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 SECTION 3.2. Notices to Trustee and Paying Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 SECTION 3.3. Selection of Securities to Be Redeemed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 SECTION 3.4. Notice of Redemption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 SECTION 3.5. Effect of Notice of Redemption. . . . . . . . . . . 44 SECTION 3.6. Deposit of Redemption Price . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 SECTION 3.7. Securities Redeemed in Part . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 i PAGE ---- ARTICLE IV COVENANTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 SECTION 4.1. Payment of Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 SECTION 4.2. Maintenance of Office or Agency . . . . . . . . . . 46 SECTION 4.3. Limitation on Restricted Payments.. . . . . . . . . 47 SECTION 4.4. Corporate Existence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 SECTION 4.5. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims . . . . . . . . . 49 SECTION 4.6. Maintenance of Properties and Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 SECTION 4.7. Compliance Certificate; Notice of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 SECTION 4.8. Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 SECTION 4.9. Limitation on Status as Investment Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 SECTION 4.10. Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 SECTION 4.11. Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock . . . . . . . . . . . 52 SECTION 4.12 Limitations on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 SECTION 4.13. Limitations on Layering Indebtedness; Liens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 SECTION 4.14. Limitation on Sale of Assets and Subsidiary Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 SECTION 4.15. Limitation on Asset Swaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 SECTION 4.16. Limitation on Lines of Business . . . . . . . . . . 61 SECTION 4.17. Restriction on Sale and Issuance of Subsidiary Stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 SECTION 4.18. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 SECTION 4.19. Dissolution of Excluded Subsidiaries; Restriction on Transfers to Excluded Subsidiaries . . . . . . . 62 ARTICLE V SUCCESSOR CORPORATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 SECTION 5.1. Limitation on Merger, Sale or Consolidation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 ii PAGE ---- SECTION 5.2. Successor Corporation Substituted . . . . . . . . . 63 ARTICLE VI EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES. . . . . . . . . . . 64 SECTION 6.1. Events of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 SECTION 6.2. Acceleration of Maturity Date; Rescission and Annulment. . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 SECTION 6.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 SECTION 6.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 SECTION 6.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 SECTION 6.6. Priorities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 SECTION 6.7. Limitation on Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 SECTION 6.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 SECTION 6.9. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. . . . . . . . . . . 72 SECTION 6.10. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. . . . . . . . . . . . 72 SECTION 6.11. Control by Holders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 SECTION 6.12. Waiver of Past Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 SECTION 6.13. Undertaking for Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 SECTION 6.14. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 ARTICLE VII TRUSTEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 SECTION 7.1. Duties of Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 SECTION 7.2. Rights of Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 SECTION 7.3. Individual Rights of Trustee. . . . . . . . . . . . 78 SECTION 7.4. Trustee's Disclaimer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 SECTION 7.5. Notice of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 SECTION 7.6. Reports by Trustee to Holders . . . . . . . . . . . 79 SECTION 7.7. Compensation and Indemnity. . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 SECTION 7.8. Replacement of Trustee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 SECTION 7.9. Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc. . . . . . . . . . 81 SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification . . . . . . . . . . . 82 iii PAGE ---- SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company. . . . . . . . . . . . 82 ARTICLE VIII DISCHARGE; LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE . . . . . 82 SECTION 8.1. Discharge; Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 SECTION 8.2. Legal Defeasance and Discharge. . . . . . . . . . . 83 SECTION 8.3. Covenant Defeasance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 SECTION 8.4. Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 SECTION 8.5. Deposited Cash and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 SECTION 8.6. Repayment to the Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 SECTION 8.7. Reinstatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS . . . . . . . . . 88 SECTION 9.1. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders. . . . . . . . . . . . 88 SECTION 9.2. Amendments, Supplemental Indentures and Waivers with Consent of Holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 SECTION 9.3. Compliance with TIA.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 SECTION 9.4. Revocation and Effect of Consents . . . . . . . . . .91 SECTION 9.5. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 SECTION 9.6. Trustee to Sign Amendments, Etc.. . . . . . . . . . 92 ARTICLE X SUBORDINATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 SECTION 10.1. Securities Subordinated to Senior Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 iv PAGE ---- SECTION 10.2. No Payment on Securities in Certain Circumstances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 SECTION 10.3. Securities Subordinated to Prior Payment of All Senior Debt on Dissolution, Liquidation or Reorganization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 SECTION 10.4. Securityholders to Be Subrogated to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 SECTION 10.5. Obligations of the Company and the Guarantors Unconditional. . . . . . . . . . . 98 SECTION 10.6. Trustee Entitled to Assume Payments Not Prohibited in Absence of Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 SECTION 10.7. Application by Trustee of Assets Deposited with It. . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 SECTION 10.8. Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of the Company, the Guarantors or Holders of Senior Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 SECTION 10.9. Securityholders Authorize Trustee to Effectuate Subordination of Securities . . . . . . . . . . . 100 SECTION 10.10. Right of Trustee to Hold Senior Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 SECTION 10.11. Article X Not to Prevent Events of Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 SECTION 10.12. No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to Holders of Senior Debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 ARTICLE XI RIGHT TO REQUIRE REPURCHASE . . . . . . . . . . . 101 SECTION 11.1. Repurchase of Securities at Option of the Holder Upon a Change of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 ARTICLE XII GUARANTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 SECTION 12.1. Guaranty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 v PAGE ---- SECTION 12.2. Execution and Delivery of Guaranty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 SECTION 12.3. Subsidiary Guarantors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 SECTION 12.4. Guarantor May Consolidate, Etc., on Certain Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 SECTION 12.5. Release of Guarantors.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 SECTION 12.6. Certain Bankruptcy Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 ARTICLE XIII MISCELLANEOUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 SECTION 13.1. TIA Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 SECTION 13.2. Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 SECTION 13.3. Communications by Holders with Other Holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 SECTION 13.4. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 SECTION 13.5. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 SECTION 13.6. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 SECTION 13.7. Non-Business Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 SECTION 13.8. Governing Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 SECTION 13.9. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 SECTION 13.10. No Recourse against Others. . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 SECTION 13.11. Successors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 SECTION 13.12. Duplicate Originals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 SECTION 13.13. Severability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 SECTION 13.14. Table of Contents, Headings, Etc. . . . . . . . . . 116 SIGNATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Exhibit A - Form of Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 Annex I - SELECTED DEFINITIONS AND SECTIONS FROM THE CITICASTERS INDENTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex - 1 vi INDENTURE, dated as of December __, 1996, by and among Jacor Communications Company, a Florida corporation (the "Company"), Jacor Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Parent Guarantor"), the Subsidiary Guarantors referred to below and The Bank of New York, a New York banking corporation, as trustee (the "Trustee"). ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE SECTION 1.1. DEFINITIONS. "ACCELERATION NOTICE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 6.2. "ACCEPTANCE AMOUNT" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ACQUIRED INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock of any person existing at the time such person becomes a Subsidiary of the Company, including by designation, or is merged or consolidated into or with either of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries; provided, that such Indebtedness was not incurred in anticipation of, or in connection with, and was outstanding prior to such person becoming a Subsidiary of the Company. "ACQUISITION" means the purchase or other acquisition of any person or substantially all the assets of any person by any other person, whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, or other transfer, and whether or not for consideration. "AFFILIATE" means any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company. For purposes of this definition, the term "control" means the power to direct the management and policies of a person, directly or through one or more intermediaries, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise, PROVIDED, that, a Beneficial Owner of 10% or more of the total voting power normally entitled to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees, as applicable, shall for such purposes be deemed to constitute control. "AFFILIATE TRANSACTION" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.10. "AGENT" means any authenticating agent, Registrar, Paying Agent or transfer agent. "ASSET SALE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ASSET SALE DATE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ASSET SALE OFFER" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ASSET SALE OFFER AMOUNT" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ASSET SALE OFFER PERIOD" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ASSET SALE OFFER PRICE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "ASSET SWAP" means the execution of a definitive agreement, subject only to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, that the Company in good faith believes will be satisfied, for a substantially concurrent purchase and sale, or exchange, of Productive Assets between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and another person or group of affiliated persons; provided that any amendment to or waiver of any closing condition which individually or in the aggregate is material to the Asset Swap shall be deemed to be a new Asset Swap. "AVERAGE LIFE" means, as of the date of determination, with respect to any security or instrument, the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the sum of (a) the product of the number of years from the date of determination to the date or dates of each successive scheduled principal (or redemption) payment of such security or instrument and (b) the amount of each such respective principal (or redemption) payment by (ii) the sum of all such principal (or redemption) payments. 2 "BANKRUPTCY LAW" means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar Federal, state or foreign law for the relief of debtors. "BENEFICIAL OWNER" or "BENEFICIAL OWNER" for purposes of the definition of Change of Control has the meaning attributed to it in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act (as in effect on the Issue Date) whether or not applicable, except that a "person" shall be deemed to have "beneficial ownership" of all shares that any such person has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time. "BOARD OF DIRECTORS" means, with respect to any person, the Board of Directors of such person or any committee of the Board of Directors of such person authorized, with respect to any particular matter, to exercise the power of the Board of Directors of such person. "BOARD RESOLUTION" means, with respect to any person, a duly adopted resolution of the Board of Directors of such or the executive committee of such Board of Directors of such person. "BUSINESS DAY" means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. "CAPITAL STOCK" means, with respect to any corporation, any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase (other than convertible or exchangeable Indebtedness), warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests (however designated) in stock issued by that corporation. "CAPITAL LEASE" means a lease, the payments on which would be capitalized for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. "CAPITALIZED LEASE OBLIGATIONS" means rental obligations under a lease that are required to be capitalized for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP, and the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligations shall be the capitalized amount of such obligations, as determined in accordance with GAAP. 3 "CASH" or "CASH" means such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debts. "CASH EQUIVALENT" means (i) securities issued directly or fully guaranteed or insured by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged in support thereof) or (ii) time deposits and certificates of deposit with, and commercial paper issued by the parent corporation of, any domestic commercial bank of recognized standing having capital and surplus in excess of $500.0 million and commercial paper issued by others rated at least A-2 or the equivalent thereof by Standard & Poor's Corporation or at least P-2 or the equivalent thereof by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and in each case maturing within one year after the date of acquisition. "CITICO" means Citicasters Co., an Ohio corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. "CHANGE OF CONTROL" means any transaction or series of transactions in which any of the following occurs: (a) prior to a Citicasters Securities Event, (i) any person or group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than Zell/Chilmark Fund L.P. or any of its Affiliates, becomes the direct or indirect "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of (A) greater than 50% of the total voting power (on a fully diluted basis as if all convertible securities had been converted) entitled to vote in the election of directors of the Company or CitiCo, or the surviving person (if other than the Company), or (B) greater than 20% of the total voting power (on a fully diluted basis as if all convertible securities had been converted) entitled to vote in the election of directors of the Company or CitiCo, or the surviving person (if other than the Company), and such person or group has the ability to elect, directly or indirectly, a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company; or (ii) the Company or CitiCo consolidates with or merges into another person, another person consolidates 4 with or merges into the Company or CitiCo, the Company or CitiCo issues shares of its Capital Stock or all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or CitiCo are sold, assigned, conveyed, transferred, leased or otherwise disposed of to any person as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in one transaction or a series of related transactions and the effect of such consolidation, merger, issuance or sale is as described in clause (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Change of Control shall be deemed to have occurred by virtue of (I) the Company or any of its employee benefit or stock plans filing (or being required to file after the lapse of time) a Schedule 13D or 14D-1 (or any successor or similar schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act) or (II) the purchase by one or more underwriters of Capital Stock of the Company in connection with a Public Offering; and, (b) upon or following a Citicasters Securities Event, (i) any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into any person or any sale, transfer or other conveyance, whether direct or indirect, of all or substantially all of any of the assets of the Company, on a consolidated basis, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, if, immediately after giving effect to such transaction(s), any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, whether or not applicable) (other than an Excluded Person) is or becomes the "beneficial owner," directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power in the aggregate normally entitled to vote in election of directors, managers, or trustees, as applicable, of the transferee(s) or surviving entity or entities, (ii) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, whether or not applicable) (other than an Excluded Person) is or becomes the "beneficial owner," directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power in the aggregate of all classes of Capital Stock of the Company then outstanding normally entitled to vote in elections of directors, or (iii) during any period of 12 consecutive months after the Issue Date, individuals who at the beginning of any such 12-month period constituted the Board of 5 Directors of the Company (together with any new directors whose election by such Board or whose nomination for election by the shareholders of JCC was approved by a vote of a majority of the directors then still in office who were either directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company then in office. "CHANGE OF CONTROL OFFER" shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.1. "CHANGE OF CONTROL OFFER PERIOD" shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.1. "CHANGE OF CONTROL PURCHASE DATE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.1. "CHANGE OF CONTROL PURCHASE PRICE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.1. "CHANGE OF CONTROL PUT DATE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.1. "CITICASTERS" means Citicasters Inc., a Florida corporation and predecessor to the Company. "CITICASTERS ASSET SALE REPURCHASE AMOUNT" shall have the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto. "CITICASTERS INDENTURE" means the indenture which governs the terms and provisions of the Citicasters Securities, as amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof. "CITICASTERS SECURITIES" means the 9 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due February 15, 2004 issued by Citicasters pursuant to an indenture dated as of February 18, 1994 between Great American Communications Company, a Florida corporation (and predecessor to Citicasters), and Shawmut Bank Connecticut, National Association as trustee; as amended by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of August 22, 1994 between Citicasters and Shawmut Bank Connecticut, National Association as trustee; as amended by the Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 6, 1996 between Citicasters and Fleet National Bank (formerly Shawmut Bank Connecticut, National Association) as Trustee. 6 "CITICASTERS SECURITIES ASSET SALE OFFER" means an offer to purchase the Citicasters Securities in accordance with the procedures set forth in Annex I hereto. "CITICASTERS SECURITIES EVENT" means (x) the maturity of the Citicasters Securities, (y) the date upon which defeasance of the Citicasters Securities becomes effective or (z) the date on which there are no longer any Citicasters Securities outstanding under the terms of the governing indenture. "CODE" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "COMMISSION" means the SEC. "COMPANY" means the party named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture and, thereafter, shall mean such successor. The foregoing sentence shall likewise apply to any subsequent such successor or successors. "CONSOLIDATED" or "CONSOLIDATED" means determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. "CONSOLIDATED EBITDA" means, with respect to any person, for any period, the Consolidated Net Income of such person for such period adjusted to add thereto (to the extent deducted from net revenues in determining Consolidated Net Income), without duplication, the sum of (i) Consolidated income tax expense, (ii) Consolidated depreciation and amortization expense, provided that consolidated depreciation and amortization of a Subsidiary that is a less than wholly owned Subsidiary shall only be added to the extent of the equity interest of the Company in such Subsidiary, (iii) other noncash charges (including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles), (iv) Consolidated Fixed Charges, and less the amount of all cash payments made by such person or any of its Subsidiaries during such period to the extent such payments relate to non-cash charges that were added back in determining Consolidated EBITDA for such period or any prior period. "CONSOLIDATED FIXED CHARGES" of any person means, for any period, the aggregate amount (without duplication and determined in each case in accordance with GAAP) of (a) 7 interest expensed or capitalized, paid, accrued, or scheduled to be paid or accrued (including, in accordance with the following sentence, interest attributable to Capitalized Lease Obligations) of such person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries during such period, including (i) original issue discount and non-cash interest payments or accruals on any Indebtedness, (ii) the interest portion of all deferred payment obligations, and (iii) all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to bankers' acceptances and letters of credit financings and currency and Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations, in each case to the extent attributable to such period, and (b) the amount of dividends accrued or payable (or guaranteed) by such person or any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries in respect of Preferred Stock (other than by Subsidiaries of such person to such person or such person's wholly owned Subsidiaries). For purposes of this definition, (x) interest on a Capitalized Lease Obligation shall be deemed to accrue at an interest rate reasonably determined by the Company to be the rate of interest implicit in such Capitalized Lease Obligation in accordance with GAAP and (y) interest expense attributable to any Indebtedness represented by the guaranty by such person or a Subsidiary of such person of an obligation of another person shall be deemed to be the interest expense attributable to the Indebtedness guaranteed. "CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME" means, with respect to any person for any period, the net income (or loss) of such person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP) for such period, adjusted to exclude (only to the extent included in computing such net income (or loss) and without duplication): (a) all gains or losses which are either noncash or extraordinary (as determined in accordance with GAAP) or are either unusual or nonrecurring (including any gain from the sale or other disposition of assets outside the ordinary course of business or from the issuance or sale of any capital stock), (b) the net income, if positive, of any person, other than a wholly owned Consolidated Subsidiary, in which such person or any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries has an interest, except to the extent of the amount of any dividends or distributions actually paid in cash to such person or a wholly owned Consolidated Subsidiary of such person during such period, but in any case not in excess of such person's PRO RATA share of such person's net income for such period, (c) the net income or loss of any person acquired in a pooling of interests transaction for any period prior to the 8 date of such acquisition, (d) the net income, if positive, of any of such person's Consolidated Subsidiaries to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions is not at the time permitted by operation of the terms of its charter or bylaws or any other agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to such Consolidated Subsidiary. "CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY" means, for any person, each Subsidiary of such person (whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired) the financial statements of which are consolidated for financial statement reporting purposes with the financial statements of such person in accordance with GAAP. "COVENANT DEFEASANCE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 8.3. "CREDIT FACILITY" means the Credit Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by and among Chemical Bank, as Administrative Agent, Banque Paribas, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America, Illinois, as Syndication Agent, certain financial institutions from time to time party thereto, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments, letters of credit, reimbursement obligations and other agreements executed by or binding on the Company, any of its Subsidiaries and/or the Parent Guarantor (or any successors or assigns) in connection therewith (collectively, the "Related Documents"), as such Credit Agreement and/or Related Documents may be amended, restated, supplemented, renewed, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time whether or not with the same agent, trustee, representative lenders or holders, and, subject to the proviso to the next succeeding sentence, irrespective of any changes in the terms and conditions thereof. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term "Credit Facility" shall include agreements in respect of Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations with lenders (or affiliates thereof) party to the Credit Facility and shall also include any amendment, amendment and restatement, renewal, extension, restructuring, supplement or modification in whole or in part to any Credit Facility and all refundings, refinancings and replacements in whole or in part of any Credit Facility, including, without limitation, any agreement or agreements (i) extending the maturity of any Indebtedness incurred thereunder or contemplated thereby, (ii) adding or deleting 9 borrowers or guarantors thereunder, (iii) increasing the amount of Indebtedness incurred thereunder or available to be borrowed thereunder, provided that on the date such Indebtedness is incurred it would be permitted by paragraph (f) under the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, or (iv) otherwise altering the terms and conditions thereof. "CUSTODIAN" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. "DEFAULT" means any event or condition that is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default. "DEFAULTED INTEREST" shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.12. "DEFINITIVE SECURITIES" means Securities that are in the form of Security attached hereto as Exhibit A that does not include the paragraph and schedule referred to in footnotes 1 and 2, respectively. "DEPOSITARY" means, with respect to the Securities issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the person specified in Section 2.3 as the Depositary with respect to the Securities, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Indenture, and, thereafter, "Depositary" shall mean or include such successor. "DISQUALIFIED CAPITAL STOCK" means (a) except as set forth in (b), with respect to any person, Equity Interests of such person that, by its terms or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, exercisable or exchangeable, is, or upon the happening of an event or the passage of time would be, required to be redeemed or repurchased (including at the option of the holder thereof) by such person or any of its Subsidiaries, in whole or in part, on or prior to the Stated Maturity of the Securities, and (b) with respect to any Subsidiary of such person (including with respect to any Subsidiary of the Company), any Equity Interests other than any common equity with no preference, privileges, or redemption or repayment provisions. "DTC" shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.3. 10 "EQUITY INTEREST" of any person means any shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) in such person's equity, and shall in any event include any Capital Stock issued by, or partnership interests in, such person. "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and any successor statute. "EVENT OF DEFAULT" shall have the meaning specified in Section 6.1. "EVENT OF LOSS" means, with respect to any property or asset, any (i) loss, destruction or damage of such property or asset or (ii) any condemnation, seizure or taking, by exercise of the power of eminent domain or otherwise, of such property or asset, or confiscation or requisition of the use of such property or asset. "EXCESS PROCEEDS" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "EXCHANGE ACT" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder. "EXCLUDED PERSON" means Zell/Chilmark Fund L.P. and all Related Persons of such person. "EXCLUDED SUBSIDIARY" means each of Jacor National Corp., WIBX Incorporated, Marathon Communications, Inc. and Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc., an Idaho corporation. "EXEMPTED AFFILIATE TRANSACTION" means (a) customary employee compensation arrangements approved by a majority of independent (as to such transactions) members of the Board of Directors of the Company, (b) dividends permitted under Section 4.3 of this Indenture payable, in form and amount, on a PRO RATA basis to all holders of Common Stock of the Parent Guarantor, (c) transactions solely between the Company and any of its Wholly owned Subsidiaries or solely among Wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company, and (d) payments to Zell/Chilmark Fund L.P or its Affiliates for reasonable and customary fees and expenses for financial advisory and investment banking services provided to the Parent Guarantor and the Company, and (e) payments to the 11 Parent Guarantor made in accordance with the Tax Sharing Agreement. "EXISTING ASSETS" means assets of the Company existing at the Issue Date (other than cash, Cash Equivalents or inventory held for resale in the ordinary course of business) and including proceeds of any sale of such assets and assets acquired in whole or in part with proceeds from the sale from any such assets. "EXISTING INDEBTEDNESS" means, with respect to the Company, Indebtedness existing or outstanding at the Issue Date. "FAIR MARKET VALUE" or "FAIR MARKET VALUE" means, with respect to any assets or properties, the amount at which such assets or properties would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, within a commercially reasonable time, each having reasonable knowledge of the relevant facts, neither being under a compulsion to sell or buy, as such amount is determined by (i) the Board of Directors of either of the Company acting in good faith or (ii) an appraisal or valuation firm of national or regional standing selected by the Company, with experience in the appraisal or valuation of properties or assets of the type for which Fair Market Value is being determined. "FINAL PUT DATE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.14. "FUTURE SUBSIDIARY GUARANTOR" shall have the meaning specified in Section 12.3. "GAAP" means United States generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession as in effect on the Issue Date unless otherwise specified. "GLOBAL SECURITY" means a Security that contains the paragraph and schedule referred to in footnotes 1 and 2, respectively, in the form of Security attached hereto as Exhibit A. 12 "GUARANTOR" means (i) the Parent Guarantor identified in the following sentence and (ii) any Subsidiary Guarantors that are or become Guarantors pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, but excluding any Persons whose guarantees have been released pursuant to the terms of this Indenture. The Parent Guarantor is Jacor Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "GUARANTY" shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.1. "HOLDER" or "SECURITYHOLDER" means the person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar's books. "INCUR" or "INCUR" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.11. "INCURRENCE DATE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.11. "INDEBTEDNESS" of any person means, without duplication, (a) all liabilities and obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such any person, (i) in respect of borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such person or only to a portion thereof), (ii) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments, (iii) representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or services, except those incurred in the ordinary course of its business that would constitute ordinarily a trade payable to trade creditors, (iv) evidenced by bankers' acceptances or similar instruments issued or accepted by banks, (v) relating to any Capitalized Lease Obligation, or (vi) evidenced by a letter of credit or a reimbursement obligation of such person with respect to any letter of credit; (b) all net obligations of such person under Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations; (c) all liabilities and obligations of others of the kind described in the preceding clause (a) or (b) that such person has guaranteed or that is otherwise its legal liability or which are secured by any assets or property of such person and all obligations to purchase, redeem or acquire any Equity Interests; and (d) all Disqualified Capital Stock of such person (valued at the greater of its voluntary or involuntary maximum fixed repurchase price plus accrued and unpaid dividends). For purposes hereof, the "maximum fixed repurchase price" of any Disqualified Capital 13 Stock which does not have a fixed repurchase price shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Capital Stock as if such Disqualified Capital Stock were purchased on any date on which Indebtedness shall be required to be determined pursuant to the Indenture, and if such price is based upon, or measured by, the Fair Market Value of such Disqualified Capital Stock, such Fair Market Value to be determined in good faith by the board of directors of the issuer (or managing general partner of the issuer) of such Disqualified Capital Stock. "INDENTURE" means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof. "INTEREST PAYMENT DATE" means the stated due date of an installment of interest on the Securities. "INTEREST SWAP AND HEDGING OBLIGATION" means any obligation of any person pursuant to any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement, interest rate exchange agreement, currency exchange agreement or any other agreement or arrangement designed to protect against fluctuations in interest rates or currency values, including, without limitation, any arrangement whereby, directly or indirectly, such person is entitled to receive from time to time periodic payments calculated by applying either a fixed or floating rate of interest on a stated notional amount in exchange for periodic payments made by such person calculated by applying a fixed or floating rate of interest on the same notional amount. "INVESTMENT" by any person in any other person means (without duplication) (a) the acquisition (whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) by such person (whether for cash, property, services, securities or otherwise) of capital stock, bonds, notes, debentures, partnership or other ownership interests or other securities, including any options or warrants, of such other person or any agreement to make any such acquisition; (b) the making by such person of any deposit with, or advance, loan or other extension of credit to, such other person (including the purchase of property from another person subject to an understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to resell such property to such other person) or any commitment to make any such advance, loan or extension (but excluding 14 accounts receivable or deposits arising in the ordinary course of business); (c) other than guarantees of Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantors to the extent permitted by the covenant "Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock" or the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, the entering into by such person of any guarantee of, or other credit support or contingent obligation with respect to, Indebtedness or other liability of such other person (other than the endorsement of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business); and (d) the making of any capital contribution by such person to such other person. "ISSUE DATE" means the date of first issuance of the Securities under this Indenture. "JACOR" means Jacor Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "JUNIOR SECURITY" means any Qualified Capital Stock and any Indebtedness of the Company or a Guarantor, as applicable, that is subordinated in right of payment to Senior Debt at least to the same extent as the Securities or the Guarantees, as applicable, and has no scheduled installment of principal due, by redemption, sinking fund payment or otherwise, on or prior to the Stated Maturity of the Securities; provided, that in the case of subordination in respect of Senior Debt under the Credit Facility, "Junior Security" shall mean any Qualified Capital Stock and any Indebtedness of the Company or the Guarantors, as applicable, that (i) has a final maturity date occurring after the final maturity date of, all Senior Debt outstanding under the Credit Facility on the date of issuance of such Qualified Capital Stock or Indebtedness, (ii) is unsecured, (iii) has an Average Life longer than the security for which such Qualified Capital Stock or Indebtedness is being exchanged, and (iv) by their terms or by law are subordinated to Senior Debt outstanding under the Credit Facility on the date of issuance of such Qualified Capital Stock or Indebtedness at least to the same extent as the Securities. "LEGAL DEFEASANCE" shall have the meaning specified in Section 8.2. "LEVERAGE RATIO" of any person on any date of determination (the "Transaction Date") means the ratio, on a PRO FORMA basis, of (a) the sum of the aggregate outstanding 15 amount of Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock of such person and its Subsidiaries as of the date of calculation on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP to (b) the aggregate amount of Consolidated EBITDA of such person attributable to continuing operations and business (exclusive of amounts attributable to operations and businesses permanently discontinued or disposed of) for the Reference Period; PROVIDED, that for purposes of such calculation, (i) Acquisitions which occurred during the Reference Period or subsequent to the Reference Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date shall be assumed to have occurred on the first day of the Reference Period, (ii) transactions giving rise to the need to calculate the Leverage Ratio shall be assumed to have occurred on the first day of the Reference Period, (iii) the incurrence of any Indebtedness or issuance of any Disqualified Capital Stock during the Reference Period or subsequent to the Reference Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date (and the application of the proceeds therefrom to the extent used to refinance or retire other Indebtedness) shall be assumed to have occurred on the first day of such Reference Period, and (iv) the Consolidated Fixed Charges of such person attributable to interest on any Indebtedness or dividends on any Disqualified Capital Stock bearing a floating interest (or dividend) rate shall be computed on a PRO FORMA basis as if the average rate in effect from the beginning of the Reference Period to the Transaction Date had been the applicable rate for the entire period, unless such person or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to an Interest Swap or Hedging Obligation (which shall remain in effect for the 12-month period immediately following the Transaction Date) that has the effect of fixing the interest rate on the date of computation, in which case such rate (whether higher or lower) shall be used. "LIEN" means any mortgage, charge, pledge, lien (statutory or otherwise), privilege, security interest, or other encumbrance upon or with respect to any property of any kind, real or personal, movable or immovable, now owned or hereafter acquired. "MATURITY DATE" means, when used with respect to the Securities, the date specified on such Security as the fixed date on which the final installment of principal of such Security is due and payable (in the absence of any acceleration thereof pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture regarding acceleration of Indebtedness or any Change of Control Offer or Asset Sale Offer). 16 "NET CASH PROCEEDS" means the aggregate amount of cash or Cash Equivalents received by the Company in the case of a sale of Qualified Capital Stock and by the Company and its Subsidiaries in respect of an Asset Sale or an Event of Loss plus, in the case of an issuance of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company upon any exercise, exchange or conversion of securities (including options, warrants, rights and convertible or exchangeable debt) of the Company that were issued for cash on or after the Issue Date, the amount of cash originally received by the Company upon the issuance of such securities (including options, warrants, rights and convertible or exchangeable debt) less, in each case, the sum of all payments, fees, commissions and (in the case of Asset Sales, reasonable and customary), expenses (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of legal counsel and investment banking fees and expenses) incurred in connection with such Asset Sale, Event of Loss or sale of Qualified Capital Stock, and, in the case of an Asset Sale only, less an amount (estimated reasonably and in good faith by the Company or the amount actually incurred, if greater) of income, franchise, sales and other applicable taxes required to be paid by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with such Asset Sale. "NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARY" means any Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor. "NOTICE OF DEFAULT" shall have the meaning specified in Section 6.1(3). "OBLIGATION" means any principal, premium or interest payment, or monetary penalty, or damages, due by the Company or any Guarantor under the terms of the Securities or the Indenture. "OFFICER" means, with respect to the Company or the Guarantors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Senior Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, the Controller, or the Secretary of the Company or Guarantor (as applicable). "OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE" means, with respect to the Company or the Guarantors, a certificate signed by two Officers or by an Officer and an Assistant Secretary of the Company or the Guarantors (as applicable) and otherwise complying with the requirements of Sections 13.4 and 13.5, and delivered to the Trustee or an Agent, as applicable. 17 "OPINION OF COUNSEL" means a written opinion from legal counsel who is reasonably acceptable to the Trustee (which may include counsel to the Trustee or the Company including an employee of the Company) or an Agent, as applicable, complying with the requirements of Sections 13.4 and 13.5, and delivered to the Trustee or an Agent, as applicable. "OUTSTANDING" as used with reference to the Securities shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.8 hereof. "PARENT" or "PARENT" of any person means a corporation which at the date of determination owns, directly or indirectly, a majority of the Voting Stock of such person or of a Parent of such person. "PARENT GUARANTOR" means Jacor Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "PAYING AGENT" has the meaning specified in Section 2.3. "PAYMENT DEFAULT" has the meaning specified in Section 10.2. "PAYMENT NOTICE" shall have the meaning set out in Section 10.2. "PERMITTED INDEBTEDNESS" means any of the following: (a) the Company and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness solely in respect of bankers acceptances, letters of credit and performance bonds (to the extent that such incurrence does not result in the incurrence of any obligation to repay any obligation relating to borrowed money of others), all in the ordinary course of business in accordance with customary industry practices, in amounts and for the purposes customary in the Company's industry; provided, that the aggregate principal amount outstanding of such Indebtedness (including any Indebtedness issued to refinance, refund or replace such Indebtedness) shall at no time exceed $5.0 million; (b) the Company may incur Indebtedness to any Wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor, and any Wholly owned 18 Subsidiary Guarantor may incur Indebtedness to any other Wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor or to the Company; provided, that in the case of Indebtedness of the Company, such obligations shall be unsecured and subordinated in all respects to the Company's obligations pursuant to the Securities and the date of any event that causes such Subsidiary Guarantor to no longer be a Wholly owned Subsidiary shall be an Incurrence Date; (c) the Company and the Guarantors may incur Indebtedness evidenced by the Securities and the Guarantees and represented by the Indenture up to the amounts specified therein as of the date hereof; (d) the Company and the Guarantors, as applicable, may incur Refinancing Indebtedness with respect to any Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock, as applicable, which Indebtedness was incurred pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in Section 4.11 hereof or clause (c) of this definition; (e) the Company and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness in an aggregate amount outstanding at any time (including any Indebtedness issued to refinance, replace, or refund such Indebtedness) of up to $5.0 million; (f) the Company and the Guarantors may incur Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Credit Facility up to an aggregate principal amount outstanding (including any Indebtedness issued to refinance, refund or replace such Indebtedness in whole or in part) at any time of $600.0 million, plus accrued interest and additional expense and reimbursement obligations with respect thereto and such additional amounts as may be deemed to be outstanding in the form of Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations with lenders (or affiliates thereof) party to the Credit Facility, minus the amount of any such Indebtedness retired with Net Cash Proceeds from any Asset Sale; (g) the Company and the Guarantors may incur Indebtedness under Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations that do not increase the Indebtedness of the Company other than as a result of fluctuations in interest or foreign currency exchange rates provided that such Interest Swap and Hedging Obligations are incurred for the purpose of providing interest rate protection with respect to Indebtedness permitted under the Indenture or to provide currency ex- 19 change protection in connection with revenues generated in currencies other than U.S. dollars; (h) Subsidiaries may incur Acquired Indebtedness if the Company at the time of such incurrence could incur such Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in Section 4.11; and (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness existing on the Issue Date. "PERMITTED INVESTMENT" means: (a) Investments in any of the Securities; (b) Cash Equivalents; (c) intercompany loans to the extent permitted under clause (b) of the definition of "Permitted Indebtedness" and intercompany security agreements relating thereto; (d) loans, advances or investments in existence on the Issue Date; (e) Investments in a person substantially all of whose assets are of a type generally used in a Related Business (an "Acquired Person") if, as a result of such Investments, (i) the Acquired Person immediately thereupon is or becomes a Subsidiary of the Company, or (ii) the Acquired Person immediately thereupon either (1) is merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and the surviving person is the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company or (2) transfers or conveys all or substantially all of its assets, or is liquidated into, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (f) Investments in a person with whom the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have entered into, (i) local market agreements or time brokerage agreements pursuant to which the Company or any one of its Subsidiaries programs substantial portions of the broadcast day on such person's radio broadcast station(s) and sells advertising time during such program segments for its own account or (ii) joint sales agreements pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries sells substantially all of the 20 advertising time for such person's radio broadcast station(s); (g) Investments that are in persons which will have the purpose of furthering the operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries not to exceed $10.0 million; and (h) demand deposit accounts maintained in the ordinary course of business. "PERMITTED LIEN" means: (a) Liens existing on the Issue Date; (b) Liens imposed by governmental authorities for taxes, assessments or other charges or levies not yet subject to penalty or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Company in accordance with GAAP as of the date of determination; (c) statutory liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, materialmen, landlords, repairmen or other like Liens arising by operation of law in the ordinary course of business provided that (i) the underlying obligations are not overdue for a period of more than 60 days, or (ii) such Liens are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Company in accordance with GAAP as of the date of determination; (d) Liens securing the performance of bids, trade contracts (other than borrowed money), leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business and deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure obligations of public utilities; (e) easements, rights-of-way, zoning, building restrictions, reservations, encroachments, exceptions, covenants, similar restrictions and other similar encumbrances or title defects which, singly or in the aggregate, do not in any case materially detract from the value of the property, subject thereto (as such property is used by the 21 Company or any of its Subsidiaries) or interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (f) Liens arising by operation of law in connection with judgments, provided, that the execution or other enforcement of such Liens is effectively stayed and that the claims secured thereby are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (g) pledges or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers' compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security legislation; (h) Liens securing Indebtedness of a person existing at the time such person becomes a Subsidiary or is merged with or into the Company or a Subsidiary or Liens securing Indebtedness incurred in connection with an Acquisition, provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the date of such acquisition, merger or consolidation, were not incurred in anticipation thereof, and do not extend to any other assets; (i) leases or subleases granted to other persons in the ordinary course of business not materially interfering with the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or materially detracting from the value of the relative assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (j) Liens arising from precautionary Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; (k) Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to refinance any Indebtedness that was previously so secured in a manner no more adverse to the Holders of the Securities than the terms of the Liens securing such refinanced Indebtedness provided that the Indebtedness secured is not increased and the lien is not extended to any additional assets or property; (l) Liens in favor of the Administrative Agent pursuant to the Credit Facility; and 22 (m) Liens on property of a Subsidiary of the Company provided that such Liens secure only obligations owing by such Subsidiary to the Company or another Subsidiary of the Company. "PERSON" or "PERSON" means any corporation, individual, limited liability company, joint stock company, joint venture, partnership, unincorporated association, governmental regulatory entity, country, state or political subdivision thereof, trust, municipality or other entity. "PLAN OF LIQUIDATION" means a plan that provides for, contemplates or the effectuation of which is preceded or accompanied by (whether or not substantially contemporaneously) (i) the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company otherwise than as an entirety or substantially as an entirety and (ii) the distribution of all or substantially all of the proceeds of such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition and all or substantially all of the remaining assets of the Company to holders of Capital Stock of the Company. "PREFERRED STOCK" as applied to the Capital Stock of any corporation, means Capital Stock ranking prior to the shares of any other class of Capital Stock of said corporation as to the payment of dividends or the distribution of assets on any voluntary or involuntary liquidation. "PRESENT SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS" means Broadcast Finance, Inc.; Cine Films, Inc.; Cine Guarantors, Inc.; Cine Guarantors II, Inc.; Cine Guarantors II, Ltd.; Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V.; Cine Movil S.A. de C.V.; Citicasters Co.; F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc.; GACC-N26LB, Inc.; GACC-340, Inc.; Georgia Network Equipment, Inc.; Great American Merchandising Group, Inc.; Great American Television Productions, Inc.; Inmobilaria Radial, S.A. de C.V.; Jacor Broadcasting Corporation; Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc.;. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc.; Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc.; Jacor Cable, Inc.; Location Productions, Inc.; Location Productions II, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Center, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Group, Inc.; Noble 23 Broadcast Holdings, Inc.; Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc.; Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc.; Nobro, S.C.; Nova Marketing Group, Inc.; Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc.; Sports Radio, Inc.; Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc.; The River Niger Pictures, Inc.; The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc.; WHOK, Inc.; and VTTV Productions, each a direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company or any successor entity, whether by merger, consolidation, change of name or otherwise. "PRO RATA PORTION" shall have the meaning specified in Section 12.1. "PRODUCTIVE ASSETS" means assets of a kind used or usable by the Company and its Subsidiaries in a Related Business. "PROPERTY" means any right or interest in or to property or assets of any kind whatsoever, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible. "PUBLIC OFFERING" means a firm commitment underwritten primary offering of Capital Stock of the Parent Guarantor or the Company. "QUALIFIED CAPITAL STOCK" means any Capital Stock of the Company that is not Disqualified Capital Stock. "QUALIFIED EXCHANGE" means any legal defeasance, redemption, retirement, repurchase or other acquisition of Capital Stock or Indebtedness of the Company issued on or after the Issue Date with the Net Cash Proceeds received by the Company from the substantially concurrent sale of Qualified Capital Stock or any exchange of Qualified Capital Stock for any Capital Stock or Indebtedness issued on or after the Issue Date. "RECORD DATE" means a Record Date specified in the Securities whether or not such Record Date is a Business Day. "REDEMPTION DATE," when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption pursuant to Article III of this Indenture and Paragraph 5 in the form of Security. 24 "REDEMPTION PRICE," when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the redemption price for such redemption pursuant to Paragraph 5 in the form of Security, which shall include, without duplication, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date (subject to the provisions of Section 3.5). "REFERENCE PERIOD" with regard to any Person means the four full fiscal quarters (or such lesser period during which such person has been in existence) ended immediately preceding any date upon which any determination is to be made pursuant to the terms of the Securities or the Indenture. "REFINANCING INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock (a) issued in exchange for, or the proceeds from the issuance and sale of which are used substantially concurrently to repay, redeem, defease, refund, refinance, discharge or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, or (b) constituting an amendment, modification or supplement to, or a deferral or renewal of ((a) and (b) above are, collectively, a "Refinancing"), any Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock in a principal amount or, in the case of Disqualified Capital Stock, liquidation preference, not to exceed (after deduction of reasonable and customary fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Refinancing) the lesser of (i) the principal amount or, in the case of Disqualified Capital Stock, liquidation preference, of the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock so Refinanced and (ii) if such Indebtedness being Refinanced was issued with an original issue discount, the accredited value thereof (as determined in accordance with GAAP) at the time of such Refinancing; provided, that (A) such Refinancing Indebtedness of any Subsidiary of the Company shall only be used to Refinance outstanding Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock of such Subsidiary, (B) such Refinancing Indebtedness shall (x) not have an Average Life shorter than the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock to be so refinanced at the time of such Refinancing and (y) in all respects, be no less subordinated or junior, if applicable, to the rights of Holders of the Securities than was the Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock to be refinanced and (C) such Refinancing Indebtedness shall have no installment of principal (or redemption payment) scheduled to come due earlier than the scheduled maturity of any installment of principal of the Indebtedness or Disqual- 25 ified Capital Stock to be so refinanced which was scheduled to come due prior to the Stated Maturity. "REGISTRAR" shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.3. "RELATED BUSINESS" means the business conducted (or proposed to be conducted) by the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the Issue Date and any and all businesses that in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company are materially related businesses. "RELATED PERSON" means any person who controls, is controlled by or is under common control with an Excluded Person; PROVIDED that for purposes of this definition "control" means the beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the total voting power of a person normally entitled to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees, as applicable of a person. "REPRESENTATIVE" means Chemical Bank in its capacity as Administrative Agent for lenders pursuant to the New Credit Facility, and not in its individual capacity as a lender, and any successor Administrative Agent appointed pursuant to the Credit Facility. "REQUIRED LENDERS" means lenders under the Credit Facility whose PRO RATA shares (as defined therein), pursuant to the Credit Facility, are in the aggregate at least 66 2/3%. "RESTRICTED INVESTMENT" means, in one or a series of related transactions any Investment other than investments in Permitted Investments; provided, however, that a merger of another person with or into the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor shall not be deemed to be a Restricted Investment so long as the surviving entity is the Company or a direct Wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor. "RESTRICTED PAYMENT" means with respect to any person, (a) the declaration or payment of any dividend or other distribution in respect of Equity Interests of such person or any parent or Subsidiary of such person, (b) any payment on account of the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests of such person or any Subsidiary or parent of such person, (c) other than with the proceeds from the substantially 26 concurrent sale of, or in exchange for, Refinancing Indebtedness any purchase, redemption, or other acquisition or retirement for value of, any payment in respect of any amendment of the terms of or any defeasance of, any Subordinated Indebtedness, directly or indirectly, by such person or a parent or Subsidiary of such person prior to the scheduled maturity, any scheduled repayment of principal, or scheduled sinking fund payment, as the case may be, of such Indebtedness and (d) any Restricted Investment by such person; provided, however, that the term "Restricted Payment" does not include (i) any dividend, distribution or other payment on or with respect to Capital Stock of an issuer to the extent payable solely in shares of Qualified Capital Stock of such issuer; (ii) any dividend, distribution or other payment to the Company, or to any Wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor, by any of the Subsidiaries of the Company; or (iii) loans or advances to any Guarantor the proceeds of which are used by such Subsidiary Guarantor in a Related Business activity of such Subsidiary Guarantor. "SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission. "SECURITIES" means the ___% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 issued under this Indenture. "SECURITIES ACT" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder. "SECURITIES CUSTODIAN" means the Registrar, as custodian with respect to the Securities in global form, or any successor entity thereto. "SECURITYHOLDER" or "HOLDER" means any person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar's books. "SENIOR DEBT" of the Company or any Guarantor means Indebtedness (including any monetary obligation in respect of the Credit Facility, and interest, whether or not such interest is allowed or allowable, accruing on Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Credit Facility at the contracted-for rate whether accruing on, before or after the commencement of any proceeding under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law) of the Company or such Guarantor arising under the Credit Facility or that, by the terms of 27 the instrument creating or evidencing such Indebtedness, is expressly designated Senior Debt and made senior in right of payment to the Securities or the applicable Guaranty; provided, that in no event shall Senior Debt include (a) Indebtedness to any Subsidiary of the Company or any officer, director or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (b) Indebtedness incurred in violation of the terms of the Indenture, (c) Indebtedness to trade creditors, (d) Disqualified Capital Stock and (e) any liability for taxes owed or owing by the Company or such Guarantor. "SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY" shall have the meaning provided under Regulation S-X of the Securities Act, in effect on the Issue Date. "SPECIAL RECORD DATE" for payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Paying Agent pursuant to Section 2.12. "STATED MATURITY," when used with respect to any Security, means _____, 2006. "SUBORDINATED INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness of the Company or a Guarantor that is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or such Guaranty, as applicable, in any respect or has a stated maturity on or after the Stated Maturity. "SUBSIDIARY" with respect to any person, means (i) a corporation a majority of whose Capital Stock with voting power, under ordinary circumstances, to elect directors is at the time, directly or indirectly, owned by such person, by such person and one or more Subsidiaries of such person or by one or more Subsidiaries of such person, (ii) any other person (other than a corporation) in which such person, one or more Subsidiaries of such person, or such person and one or more Subsidiaries of such person, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination thereof has at least majority ownership interest, or (iii) a partnership in which such person or a Subsidiary of such person is, at the time, a general partner and in which such person, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination thereof has at least a majority ownership interest. "SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS" means (i) the Present Subsidiary Guarantors and (ii) Future Subsidiary Guarantors (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) that become Subsidiary 28 Guarantors pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, but excluding any Persons whose guarantees have been released pursuant to the terms of this Indenture. "TAX SHARING AGREEMENT" means any agreements between the Company and the Parent Guarantor pursuant to which the Company may make payments to the Parent Guarantor with respect to the Company's Federal, state, or local income or franchise tax liabilities where the Company is included in a consolidated, unitary or combined return filed by the Parent Guarantor; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the payment by the Company under such agreement may not exceed the liability of the Company for such taxes if it had filed its income tax returns as a separate company. "10 1/8% NOTES" means the 10 1/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due June 15, 2006 issued by JCAC, Inc. (predecessor to the Company) pursuant to an Indenture dated as of June 12, 1996 between JCAC, Inc., Jacor Communication Inc., as Initial Guarantor and First Trust of Illinois, National Association. "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, (15 U.S. Code Sections 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of the execution of this Indenture, except as provided in Section 9.3. "TRANSFER INSTRUMENTS" shall have the meaning specified in Section 12.2. "TRUSTEE" means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means such successor. "TRUST OFFICER" means any officer within the corporate trust department (or any successor group) of the Trustee or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at that time shall be such officers, and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer of the Trustee to whom such trust matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject. "U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS" means direct non-callable obligations of, or noncallable obligations guaran- 29 teed by, the United States of America for the payment of which obligation or guarantee the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged. "VOTING STOCK" means, with respect to any specified person, capital stock with voting power, under ordinary circumstances, to elect directors of such Person. "WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY" means a Subsidiary all the Equity Interests of which are owned by the Company or one or more Wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company. SECTION 1.2. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF TIA. Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, such provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings: "COMMISSION" means the SEC. "INDENTURE SECURITIES" means the Securities. "INDENTURE SECURITYHOLDER" means a Holder or a Securityholder. "INDENTURE TO BE QUALIFIED" means this Indenture. "INDENTURE TRUSTEE" or "INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE" means the Trustee. "OBLIGOR" on the indenture securities means the Company, each Guarantor and any other obligor on the Securities. All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them thereby. SECTION 1.3. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION. Unless the context otherwise requires: (1) a term has the meaning assigned to it; 30 (2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; (3) "or" is not exclusive; (4) words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural include the singular; (5) provisions apply to successive events and transactions; (6) "herein," "hereof" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; and (7) references to Sections or Articles means reference to such Section or Article in this Indenture, unless stated otherwise. ARTICLE II THE SECURITIES SECTION 2.1. FORM AND DATING. The Securities and the Trustee's certificate of authentication, in respect thereof, shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, which Exhibit is part of this Indenture. The Securities may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. The Company shall approve the form of the Securities and any notation, legend or endorsement on them. Any such notations, legends or endorsements not contained in the form of Security attached as Exhibit A hereto shall be delivered in writing to the Trustee. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. The terms and provisions contained in the forms of Securities shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this Indenture and, to the extent applicable, the Company and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby. 31 SECTION 2.2. EXECUTION AND AUTHENTICATION. Two Officers shall sign, or one Officer shall sign and one Officer shall attest to, the Security for the Company by manual or facsimile signature. The Company's seal, if any, shall be impressed, affixed, imprinted or reproduced on the Securities and may be in facsimile form. If an Officer whose signature is on a Security was an Officer at the time of such execution but no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security, the Security shall be valid nevertheless and the Company shall nevertheless be bound by the terms of the Securities and this Indenture. A Security shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Security but such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated pursuant to the terms of this Indenture. The Trustee shall authenticate or cause to be authenticated Securities for original issue in the aggregate principal amount of up to $125,000,000 upon a written order of the Company in the form of an Officers' Certificate. The Officers' Certificate shall specify the amount of Securities to be authenticated and the date on which the Securities are to be authenticated. The aggregate principal amount of Securities outstanding at any time may not exceed $125,000,000, except as provided in Section 2.7. Upon the written order of the Company in the form of an Officers' Certificate, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities in substitution of Securities originally issued to reflect any name changes of the Company. The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. Unless otherwise provided in the appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company, any Affiliate of the Company, or any of its Subsidiaries. 32 Securities shall be issuable only in fully registered form, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof. SECTION 2.3. REGISTRAR AND PAYING AGENT. The Company shall maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange ("Registrar") and an office or agency of the Company where Securities may be presented for payment ("Paying Agent") and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities may be served. The Company may act as Registrar or Paying Agent, except that, for the purposes of Articles III, VIII, XI, and Section 4.14 and as otherwise specified in this Indenture, neither the Company nor any Affiliate of the Company shall act as Paying Agent. The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange. The Company may have one or more co-Registrars and one or more additional Paying Agents. The term "Registrar" includes any co-registrar and the term "Paying Agent" includes any additional Paying Agent. The Company hereby initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent, and by its acknowledgement and acceptance on the signature page hereto, the Trustee hereby agrees so to act. The Company shall enter into an appropriate written agency agreement with any Agent (including the Paying Agent) not a party to this Indenture, which agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent, and shall furnish a copy of each such agreement to the Trustee. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any such Agent. If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company initially appoints The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") to act as Depositary with respect to the Global Securities. The Company initially appoints the Registrar to act as Securities Custodian with respect to the Global Securities. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default described in Section 6.1(4) or (6), the Trustee shall, or upon 33 the occurrence of any other Event of Default by notice to the Company, the Registrar and the Paying Agent, the Trustee may, assume the duties and obligations of the Registrar and the Paying Agent hereunder. SECTION 2.4. PAYING AGENT TO HOLD ASSETS IN TRUST. The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that such Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders or the Trustee all assets held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, the Securities (whether such assets have been distributed to it by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities), and shall notify the Trustee in writing of any Default in making any such payment. If a Subsidiary of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate such assets and hold them as a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders or the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to the Trustee and account for any assets disbursed and the Trustee may at any time during the continuance of any payment Default or any Event of Default, upon written request to a Paying Agent, require such Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to the Trustee and to account for any assets distributed. Upon distribution to the Trustee of all assets that shall have been delivered by the Company to the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company) shall have no further liability for such assets. SECTION 2.5. SECURITYHOLDER LISTS. The Registrar shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). If the Trustee or any Paying Agent is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee on or before the third Business Day preceding each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee or any such Paying Agent may request in writing a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee or any such Paying Agent reasonably may require of the names and addresses of Holders and the Company shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). 34 SECTION 2.6. TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE. (a) TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE OF DEFINITIVE SECURITIES. When Definitive Securities are presented to the Registrar with a request: (x) to register the transfer of such Definitive Securities; or (y) to exchange such Definitive Securities for an equal principal amount of Definitive Securities of other authorized denominations; the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange as requested if its reasonable requirements for such transaction are met; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Definitive Securities surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form reasonably satisfactory to the Company and the Registrar duly executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing. (b) RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER OF A DEFINITIVE SECURITY FOR A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A GLOBAL SECURITY. A Definitive Security may not be exchanged for a beneficial interest in a Global Security except upon satisfaction of the requirements set forth below. Upon receipt by the Registrar of a Definitive Security, duly endorsed or accompanied by appropriate instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Registrar, together with written instructions of the Holder directing the Registrar to make, or to direct the Securities Custodian to make, an endorsement on the Global Security to reflect an increase in the aggregate principal amount of the Securities represented by the Global Security, then the Registrar shall cancel such Definitive Security and cause, or direct the Securities Custodian to cause, in accordance with the standing instructions and procedures existing between the Depositary and the Securities Custodian, the aggregate principal amount of Securities represented by the Global Security to be increased accordingly. If no Global Securities are then outstanding, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Global Security in the appropriate principal amount. (c) TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE OF GLOBAL SECURITIES. The transfer and exchange of Global Securities or beneficial interests therein shall be effected through the 35 Depositary, in accordance with this Indenture and the procedures of the Depositary therefor. (d) TRANSFER OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A GLOBAL SECURITY FOR A DEFINITIVE SECURITY. (i) Any Person having a beneficial interest in a Global Security may upon request exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Security. Upon receipt by the Registrar of written instructions or such other form of instructions as is customary for the Depositary from the Depositary or its nominee on behalf of any Person having a beneficial interest in a Global Security, and, if such beneficial interest is being transferred to the Person designated by the Depositary as being the beneficial owner, a certification from such person to that effect (in substantially the form set forth on the reverse of the Security)(all of which may be submitted by facsimile), then the Registrar or the Securities Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, will cause, in accordance with the standing instructions and procedures existing between the Depositary and the Securities Custodian, the aggregate principal amount of the Global Security to be reduced and, following such reduction, the Company will execute and the Trustee's authenticating agent will authenticate and deliver to the transferee a Definitive Security. (ii) Definitive Securities issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.6(d) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Registrar. The Registrar shall deliver such Definitive Securities to the persons in whose names such Securities are so registered. (e) RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE OF GLOBAL SECURITIES. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture (other than the provisions set forth in subsection (f) of this Section 2.6), a Global Security may not be transferred as a whole except by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or by 36 the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary. (f) AUTHENTICATION OF DEFINITIVE SECURITIES IN ABSENCE OF DEPOSITARY. If at any time: (i) the Depositary for the Securities notifies the Company that the Depositary is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for the Global Securities and a successor Depositary for the Global Securities is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after delivery of such notice; or (ii) the Company, in its sole discretion, notifies the Trustee and the Registrar in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Definitive Securities under this Indenture, then the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officers' Certificate requesting the authentication and delivery of Definitive Securities, will, or its authenticating agent will, authenticate and deliver Definitive Securities, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Securities, in exchange for such Global Securities. (g) CANCELLATION AND/OR ADJUSTMENT OF GLOBAL SECURITY. At such time as all beneficial interests in a Global Security have either been exchanged for Definitive Securities, redeemed, repurchased or cancelled, such Global Security shall be returned to or retained and cancelled by the Registrar. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Security is exchanged for Definitive Securities, redeemed, repurchased or cancelled, the principal amount of Securities represented by such Global Security shall be reduced and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Security, by the Registrar or the Securities Custodian, at the direction of the Registrar, to reflect such reduction. (h) OBLIGATIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSFERS AND EXCHANGES OF SECURITIES. (i) To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee or any authenticating agent of the Trustee 37 shall authenticate Definitive Securities and Global Securities at the Registrar's request. (ii) No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax, assessments, or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer taxes, assessments, or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges or transfers pursuant to Section 2.10, 3.7, 4.14(8), 9.5, or 11.1 (final paragraph)). (iii) The Registrar shall not be required to register the transfer of or exchange (a) any Definitive Security selected for redemption in whole or in part pursuant to Article III, except the unredeemed portion of any Definitive Security being redeemed in part, or (b) any Security for a period beginning 15 Business Days before the mailing of a notice of an offer to repurchase pursuant to Article XI or Section 4.14 hereof or redemption of Securities pursuant to Article III hereof and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing. SECTION 2.7. REPLACEMENT SECURITIES. If a mutilated Security is surrendered to the Registrar or if the Holder of a Security claims and submits an affidavit or other evidence, satisfactory to the Registrar, to the Registrar to the effect that the Security has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Company shall issue and the Trustee or any authenticating agent of the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Security if the Registrar's requirements are met. If required by the Trustee, the Registrar or the Company, such Holder must provide an indemnity bond or other indemnity, sufficient in the judgment of both the Company and the Registrar, to protect the Company, the Trustee or any Agent from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced. In the case of any lost Security that will become due and payable within 30 days, the Company can choose to pay such Security rather than replacing such Security. The Company may charge such Holder for its reasonable, out-of-pocket expenses in replacing a Security. 38 Every replacement Security is an additional obligation of the Company. SECTION 2.8. OUTSTANDING SECURITIES. Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities that have been authenticated by the Trustee (including any Security represented by a Global Security) except those cancelled by the Registrar, those delivered to the Registrar for cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Security effected by the Registrar hereunder, those paid pursuant to Section 2.7 and those described in this Section 2.8 as not outstanding. A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Security, except as provided in Section 2.9. If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.7 (other than a mutilated Security surrendered for replacement), it ceases to be outstanding unless the Registrar receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a BONA FIDE purchaser. A mutilated Security ceases to be outstanding upon surrender of such Security and replacement thereof pursuant to Section 2.7. If on a Redemption Date or the Maturity Date the Paying Agent (other than the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) holds Cash or U.S. Government Obligations sufficient to pay all of the principal and interest and premium, if any, due on the Securities payable on that date and payment of the Securities called for redemption is not otherwise prohibited, then on and after that date such Securities cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue. SECTION 2.9. TREASURY SECURITIES. In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities have concurred in any direction, amendment, supplement, waiver or consent, Securities owned by the Company or Affiliates of the Company shall be disregarded, except that, for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, amendment, supplement, waiver or consent, only Securities that a Trust Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be disregarded. 39 SECTION 2.10. TEMPORARY SECURITIES. Until Definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of Definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company reasonably and in good faith consider appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of a written order of the Company in the form of an Officer's Certificate, authenticate Definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as permanent Securities authenticated and delivered hereunder. SECTION 2.11. CANCELLATION. The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Registrar for cancellation. The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Registrar any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Registrar, or at the direction of the Registrar, the Trustee or the Paying Agent (other than the Company or an Affiliate of the Company), and no one else, shall cancel and, return to the Company all Securities surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment or cancellation. Subject to Section 2.7, the Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that have been paid or delivered to the Registrar for cancellation. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section 2.11, except as expressly permitted in the form of Securities and as permitted by this Indenture. SECTION 2.12. DEFAULTED INTEREST. Any interest on any Security which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date plus, to the extent lawful, any interest payable on the defaulted interest at the rate and in the manner provided in Section 4.1 hereof and the Security (herein called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant Record Date, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Compa- 40 ny, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (1) or (2) below: (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the persons in whose names the Securities are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee and the Paying Agent in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent an amount of Cash equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Paying Agent for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such Cash when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as provided in this clause (1). Thereupon the Paying Agent shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Paying Agent of the notice of the proposed payment. The Paying Agent shall promptly notify the Company and the Trustee of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder at his address as it appears in the Security register not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the persons in whose names the Securities (or their respective predecessor Securities) are registered on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (2). (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, 41 after notice given by the Company to the Trustee and the Paying Agent of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee and the Paying Agent. Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security. SECTION 2.13. CUSIP NUMBERS. The Company in issuing the Securities may use "CUSIP" numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use "CUSIP" numbers in notices of sredemption as a convenience to Holders; PROVIDED that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP numbers. ARTICLE III REDEMPTION SECTION 3.1. RIGHT OF REDEMPTION. Redemption of Securities, as permitted by the provisions of this Indenture, shall be made in accordance with such provisions and this Article III. The Company will not have the right to redeem any Securities prior to _____, 2001. On or after _____, 2001, the Company will have the right to redeem all or any part of the Securities pursuant to Paragraph 5 thereof, in each case (subject to the right of Holders of record on a Record Date to receive interest due on an Interest Payment Date that is on or prior to such Redemption Date, and subject to the provisions set forth in Section 3.5), including accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date. 42 SECTION 3.2. NOTICES TO TRUSTEE AND PAYING AGENT. If the Company elects to redeem Securities pursuant to Paragraph 5 of the Securities, it shall notify the Trustee and the Paying Agent in writing of the Redemption Date and the principal amount of Securities to be redeemed and whether it wants the Paying Agent to give notice of redemption to the Holders. If the Company elects to reduce the principal amount of Securities to be redeemed pursuant to Paragraph 5 of the Securities by crediting against any such redemption Securities it has not previously delivered to the Trustee and the Paying Agent for cancellation, it shall so notify the Trustee, in the form of an Officer's Certificate, and the Paying Agent of the amount of the reduction and deliver such Securities with such notice. The Company shall give each notice to the Trustee and the Paying Agent provided for in this Section 3.2 at least 45 days before the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee and the Paying Agent). Any such notice may be cancelled at any time prior to notice of such redemption being mailed to any Holder and shall thereby be void and of no effect. SECTION 3.3. SELECTION OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED. If less than all of the Securities are to be redeemed pursuant to Paragraph 5 thereof, the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed by lot or by such other method as the Trustee shall determine to be appropriate and fair. The Trustee shall make the selection from the Securities outstanding and not previously called for redemption and shall promptly notify the Company and the Paying Agent in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Security selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. Securities in denominations of $1,000 may be redeemed only in whole. The Trustee may select for redemption portions (equal to $1,000 or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal of Securities that have denominations larger than $1,000. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securi- 44 ties called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption. SECTION 3.4. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a Redemption Date, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption by first class mail, postage prepaid, to the Trustee, the Paying Agent and each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed. At the Company's request, the Paying Agent shall give the notice of redemption in the Company's name and at the Company's expense. Each notice for redemption shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state: (1) the Redemption Date; (2) the Redemption Price, including the amount of accrued and unpaid interest to be paid upon such redemption; (3) the name, address and telephone number of the Paying Agent; (4) that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent at the address specified in such notice to collect the Redemption Price; (5) that, unless the Company defaults in its obligation to deposit with the Paying Agent Cash, or U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, Cash in an amount to fund the Redemption Price, in accordance with Section 3.6 hereof or such redemption payment is otherwise prohibited, interest on Securities called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Securities is to receive payment of the Redemption Price, including accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Securities called for redemption and to be redeemed; 44 (6) if any Security is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount, equal to $1,000 or any integral multiple thereof, of such Security to be redeemed and that, after the Redemption Date, and upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued; (7) if less than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the identification of the particular Securities (or portion thereof) to be redeemed, as well as the aggregate principal amount of such Securities to be redeemed and the aggregate principal amount of Securities to be outstanding after such partial redemption; (8) the CUSIP number of the Securities to be redeemed; and (9) that the notice is being sent pursuant to this Section 3.4 and pursuant to the optional redemption provisions of Paragraph 5 of the Securities. SECTION 3.5. EFFECT OF NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.4, Securities called for redemption become due and payable on the Redemption Date and at the Redemption Price, including accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities called for redemption shall be paid at the Redemption Price, including interest, if any, accrued and unpaid to the Redemption Date; PROVIDED that if the Redemption Date is after a regular Record Date and on or prior to the Interest Payment Date to which such Record Date relates, the accrued interest shall be payable to the Holder of the redeemed Securities registered on the relevant Record Date; and PROVIDED, FURTHER, that if a Redemption Date is a non-Business Day, payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day and no interest shall accrue for the period from such Redemption Date to such succeeding Business Day. SECTION 3.6. DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE. On or prior to the Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent (other than the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) Cash or U.S. Government Obligations sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, in- 45 cluding accrued and unpaid interest on, all Securities to be redeemed on such Redemption Date (other than Securities or portions thereof called for redemption on that date that have been delivered by the Company to the Registrar for cancellation). The Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Company any Cash or U.S. Government Obligations so deposited which is not required for that purpose upon the written request of the Company. If the Company complies with the preceding paragraph and the other provisions of this Article III and payment of the Securities called for redemption is not otherwise prohibited, interest on the Securities to be redeemed will cease to accrue on the applicable Redemption Date, whether or not such Securities are presented for payment. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if any Security surrendered for redemption in the manner provided in the Securities shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption because of the failure of the Company to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall continue to accrue and be paid from the Redemption Date until such payment is made on the unpaid principal, and, to the extent lawful, on any interest not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate and in the manner provided in Section 4.1 hereof and the Security. SECTION 3.7. SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART. Upon surrender of a Security that is to be redeemed in part, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder, without service charge to the Holder, a new Security or Securities equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered. ARTICLE IV COVENANTS SECTION 4.1. PAYMENT OF SECURITIES. The Company shall pay the principal of and interest and premium, if applicable, on the Securities on the dates and in the manner provided herein and in the Securities. An installment of principal of or interest and premium, if applicable, on the Securities shall be considered 46 paid on the date it is due if the Trustee or Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) holds for the benefit of the Holders, on or before 10:00 a.m. New York City time on that date, Cash deposited and designated for and sufficient to pay the installment. The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal and on overdue installments of interest at the rate specified in the Securities compounded semi-annually, to the extent lawful. SECTION 4.2. MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY. The Company shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency where Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment, where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee and the Paying Agent of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee and the Paying Agent with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee set forth in Section 13.2. The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, for such purposes. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee and the Paying Agent of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency. The Company hereby initially designates the principal corporate trust office of the Paying Agent as such office. 47 SECTION 4.3. LIMITATION ON RESTRICTED PAYMENTS. On and after the Issue Date the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, make any Restricted Payment, if, after giving effect to such Restricted Payment on a PRO FORMA basis, (1) a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (2) the Company is not permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in Section 4.11, or (3) the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Subsidiaries, including after giving effect to such proposed Restricted Payment, from and after the Issue Date, would exceed the sum of (a)(x) 100% of the aggregate Consolidated EBITDA of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for the period (taken as one accounting period), commencing on the first day of the first full fiscal quarter commencing after the Issue Date, to and including the last day of the fiscal quarter ended immediately prior to the date of each such calculation (or, in the event Consolidated EBITDA for such period is a deficit, then minus 100% of such deficit) less (y) 1.4 times Consolidated Fixed Charges for the same period plus (b) the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds received by the Company from the sale of its Qualified Capital Stock (other than (i) to a Subsidiary of the Company and (ii) to the extent applied in connection with a Qualified Exchange), after the Issue Date. The foregoing clauses (2) and (3) of the immediately preceding paragraph, however, will not prohibit (w) payments to the Parent Guarantor to reimburse the Parent Guarantor for reasonable and necessary corporate and administrative expenses, (x) Restricted Investments, PROVIDED, that, after giving PRO FORMA effect to such Restricted Investment, the aggregate amount of all such Restricted Investments made on or after the Issue Date that are outstanding (after giving effect to any such Restricted Investments that are returned to the Company or the Subsidiary Guarantor that made such prior Restricted Investment, without restriction, in cash on or prior to the date of any such calculation) at any time does not exceed $5.0 million, (y) a Qualified Exchange and (z) the payment of any dividend on Qualified Capital Stock within 60 days after the date of its declaration if such dividend could have been made on the date of such declaration in compliance with the foregoing provisions. The full amount of any Restricted Payment made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (x) and (z) of the immedi- 48 ately preceding sentence, however, will be deducted in the calculation of the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments available to be made pursuant to clause (3) of the immediately preceding paragraph. SECTION 4.4. CORPORATE EXISTENCE. Subject to Article V, the Company and the Guarantors shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect their respective corporate existence in accordance with the respective organizational documents of each of them (as the same may be amended from time to time) and the rights (charter and statutory) and corporate franchises of the Company and the Guarantors; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, nothing in this Section will prohibit the Company or any Guarantor from engaging in any transaction permitted under Section 12.4 or Section 12.5 hereof and PROVIDED FURTHER that neither the Company nor any Guarantor shall be required to preserve any right or franchise if (a) the Board of Directors of the Company shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of such entity and (b) the loss thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders. SECTION 4.5. PAYMENT OF TAXES AND OTHER CLAIMS. Except with respect to immaterial items, the Company and the Guarantors shall, and shall cause each of their Subsidiaries to, pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (i) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges (including withholding taxes and any penalties, interest and additions to taxes) levied or imposed upon the Company and the Guarantors or any of their Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties and assets; and (ii) all lawful claims, whether for labor, materials, supplies, services or anything else, which have become due and payable and which by law have or may become a Lien upon the property and assets of the Company and the Guarantors or any of their Subsidiaries; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that neither the Company nor any of the Guarantors shall be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which disputed amounts adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP. 49 SECTION 4.6. MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTIES AND INSURANCE. The Company and the Guarantors shall cause all material properties used or useful to the conduct of their business and the business of each of their Subsidiaries to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair and working order (reasonable wear and tear excepted) and supplied with all necessary equipment and shall cause to be made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereof, all as in their reasonable judgment may be necessary, so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be properly conducted at all times; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that nothing in this Section 4.6 shall prevent the Company or any Guarantor from discontinuing any operation or maintenance of any of such properties, or disposing of any of them, if such discontinuance or disposal is (a), in the judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, desirable in the conduct of the business of such entity and (b) not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders. The Company and the Guarantors shall provide, or cause to be provided, for themselves and each of their Subsidiaries, insurance (including appropriate self-insurance) against loss or damage of the kinds that, in the reasonable, good faith opinion of the Company is adequate and appropriate for the conduct of the business of the Company, the Guarantors and such Subsidiaries. SECTION 4.7. COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE; NOTICE OF DEFAULT. (a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 days after the end of its fiscal year an Officers' Certificate, one of the signers of which shall be the principal executive officer, principal financial or principal accounting officer of the Company complying with Section 314(a)(4) of the TIA and stating that a review of its activities and the activities of its Subsidiaries, if any, during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, whether or not the signer knows of any failure by the Company or any Guarantor to comply with any condi- 50 tions or covenants in this Indenture and, if such signer does know of such a failure to comply, the certificate shall describe such failure with particularity. The Officers' Certificate shall also notify the Trustee should the relevant fiscal year end on any date other than the current fiscal year end date. (b) The Company shall, so long as any of the Securities are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, promptly upon becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, an Officers' Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. The Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or any Event of Default unless one of its Trust Officers receives written notice thereof from the Company or any of the Holders. SECTION 4.8. REPORTS. For so long as the Parent Guarantor or any successor thereto is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the Company is a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Parent Guarantor, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, and to each Holder, the Parent Guarantor's annual and quarterly reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, within 15 days after such reports have been filed with the Commission; PROVIDED, HOWEVER; in the event either (i) the Parent Guarantor or a successor as set forth above is no longer subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or (ii) the Company is no longer a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Parent Guarantor or a successor as set forth above, then whether or not the Company is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee and, to each Holder, within 15 days after it is or would have been (if it were subject to such reporting obligations) required to file such with the Commission, annual and quarterly financial statements substantially equivalent to financial statements that would have been included in reports filed with the Commission, if the Company were subject to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including, with respect to annual information only, a report thereon by the Company's certified independent accountants as such would be required in such reports to the Commission, and, in each case, together with a management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results 51 of operations which would be so required and, to the extent permitted by the Exchange Act or the Commission (if it were subject to such reporting obligations), file with the Commission the annual, quarterly and other reports which it is or would have been required to file with the Commission. SECTION 4.9. LIMITATION ON STATUS AS INVESTMENT COMPANY. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall become an "investment company" (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended), or otherwise become subject to regulation under the Investment Company Act. SECTION 4.10. LIMITATION ON TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES. After the Issue Date, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into any contract, agreement, arrangement or transaction with any Affiliate (an "Affiliate Transaction") or any series of related Affiliate Transactions (other than Exempted Affiliate Transactions) (i) unless it is determined that the terms of such Affiliate Transaction are fair and reasonable to the Company, and no less favorable to the Company than could have been obtained in an arm's length transaction with a non-Affiliate and, (ii) if involving consideration to either party in excess of $5.0 million, unless such Affiliate Transaction(s) is evidenced by (A) an Officers' Certificate addressed and delivered to the Trustee certifying that such Affiliate Transaction (or Transactions) has been approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company that are disinterested in such transaction or, (B) in the event there are no members of the Board of Directors of the Company who are disinterested in such transaction, then so long as the Company is a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Parent Guarantor, an Officers' Certificate addressed and delivered to the Trustee certifying that such Affiliate Transaction (or Transactions) have been approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Parent Guarantor that are disinterested in such transaction and (iii) if involving consideration to either party in excess of $10.0 million, unless in addition the Company, prior to the consummation thereof, obtains a written favorable opinion as to the fairness of such transaction to the Company 52 from a financial point of view from an independent investment banking firm of national reputation. SECTION 4.11. LIMITATION ON INCURRENCE OF ADDITIONAL INDEBTEDNESS AND DISQUALIFIED CAPITAL STOCK. Except as set forth below, neither the Company nor any of the Company's Subsidiaries shall, directly or indirectly, issue, assume, guaranty, incur, become directly or indirectly liable with respect to (including as a result of an Acquisition), or otherwise become responsible for, contingently or otherwise (individually and collectively, to "incur" or, as appropriate, an "incurrence"), any Indebtedness or any Disqualified Capital Stock (including Acquired Indebtedness) other than Permitted Indebtedness. Notwithstanding the foregoing limitations, the Company may incur Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock in addition to Permitted Indebtedness: if (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of, or would occur after giving effect on a PRO FORMA basis to, such incurrence of Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock and (ii) on the date of such incurrence (the "Incurrence Date"), the Leverage Ratio of the Company for the Reference Period immediately preceding the Incurrence Date, after giving effect on a PRO FORMA basis to such incurrence of such Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock and, to the extent set forth in the definition of Leverage Ratio, the use of proceeds thereof, would be less than 7.0 to 1. Indebtedness or Disqualified Capital Stock of any person which is outstanding at the time such person becomes a Subsidiary of the Company (including upon designation of any subsidiary or other person as a Subsidiary) or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company shall be deemed to have been Incurred at the time such Person becomes such a Subsidiary of the Company or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company, as applicable. SECTION 4.12. LIMITATIONS ON DIVIDENDS AND OTHER PAYMENT RESTRICTIONS AFFECTING SUBSIDIARIES. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall permit any of their Subsidiaries to, create, assume or suffer to exist any consensual restriction on the ability of any Subsidiary of the Company to pay dividends or make other 53 distributions to or on behalf of, or to pay any obligation to or on behalf of, or otherwise to transfer assets or property to or on behalf of, or make or pay loans or advances to or on behalf of, the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, except (a) restrictions imposed by the Securities or the Indenture, (b) restrictions imposed by applicable law, (c) existing restrictions under Indebtedness outstanding on the Issue Date, (d) restrictions under any Acquired Indebtedness not incurred in violation of the Indenture or any agreement relating to any property, asset, or business acquired by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which restrictions in each case existed at the time of acquisition, were not put in place in connection with or in anticipation of such acquisition and are not applicable to any person, other than the person acquired, or to any property, asset or business, other than the property, assets and business so acquired, (e) any such restriction or requirement imposed by Indebtedness incurred under paragraph (f) under the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, provided such restriction or requirement is no more restrictive than that imposed by the Credit Facility as of the Issue Date, (f) restrictions with respect solely to a Subsidiary of the Company imposed pursuant to a binding agreement which has been entered into for the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the Equity Interests or assets of such Subsidiary, provided such restrictions apply solely to the Equity Interests or assets of such Subsidiary which are being sold, and (g) in connection with and pursuant to permitted Refinancings, replacements of restrictions imposed pursuant to clauses (a), (c) or (d) of this paragraph that are not more restrictive than those being replaced and do not apply to any other person or assets than those that would have been covered by the restrictions in the Indebtedness so refinanced. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither (a) customary provisions restricting subletting or assignment of any lease entered into in the ordinary course of business, consistent with industry practice, or other standard non-assignment clauses in contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, (b) Capital Leases or agreements governing purchase money Indebtedness which contain restrictions of the type referred to above with respect to the property covered thereby, nor (c) Liens permitted under the terms hereof on assets securing Senior Debt incurred pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in Section 4.11 or permitted pursuant to the definition of Permitted Indebtedness, shall in and of themselves be considered a restriction on the 54 ability of the applicable Subsidiary to transfer such agreement or assets, as the case may be. SECTION 4.13. LIMITATIONS ON LAYERING INDEBTEDNESS; LIENS. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall not, and shall not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, incur, or, other than with respect to the 10 1/8% Notes, suffer to exist (a) any Indebtedness that is subordinate in right of payment to any other Indebtedness of the Company or a Guarantor unless, by its terms, such Indebtedness (i) has a maturity date subsequent to the Stated Maturity of the Securities and an Average Life longer than that of the Securities and (ii) is subordinate in right of payment to, or ranks PARI PASSU with, the Securities or the Guarantees, as applicable, or (b) other than Permitted Liens, any Lien upon any of properties or assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, or upon any income or profits therefrom securing Indebtedness other than (1) Liens securing Senior Debt incurred pursuant to the Leverage Ratio in accordance with Section 4.11 and (2) Liens securing Senior Debt incurred as permitted pursuant to the definition of Permitted Indebtedness. SECTION 4.14. LIMITATION ON SALE OF ASSETS AND SUBSIDIARY STOCK. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall not, and shall not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, in one or a series of related transactions, sell, transfer, or otherwise dispose of, any of its property, business or assets, including by merger or consolidation (in the case of a Guarantor or a Subsidiary of the Company), and including any sale or other transfer or issuance of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company, whether by the Company or a direct or indirect Subsidiary thereof (an "Asset Sale"), unless (1) within 450 days after the date of such Asset Sale, the Net Cash Proceeds therefrom (the "Asset Sale Offer Amount") are (a) applied to the optional redemption of the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and the Securities or to the repurchase of the Securities pursuant to an irrevocable, unconditional cash offer (the "Asset Sale Offer") to repurchase Securities at a purchase price (the "Asset Sale Offer Price") of 100% of principal amount, plus accrued interest to the date of payment, (b) invested in assets and property (other than notes, bonds, 55 obligations and securities) which in the good faith reasonable judgment of the Board of the Company will immediately constitute or be a part of a Related Business of the Company or a Subsidiary (if it continues to be a Subsidiary) immediately following such transaction or (c) used to permanently retire or reduce Senior Debt or Indebtedness permitted pursuant to paragraphs (d), (e) or (f) under the definition of Permitted Indebtedness (including that in the case of a revolver or similar arrangement that makes credit available, such commitment is so permanently reduced by such amount), (2) with respect to any Asset Sale or related series of Asset Sales involving securities, property or assets with an aggregate fair market value in excess of $2.5 million, at least 75% of the consideration for such Asset Sale or series of related Asset Sales (excluding the amount of (A) any Indebtedness (other than the Securities) that is required to be repaid or assumed (and is either repaid or assumed by the transferee of the related assets) by virtue of such Asset Sale and which is secured by a Lien on the property or asset sold and (B) property received by the Company or any such Subsidiary from the transferee that within 90 days of such Asset Sale is converted into cash or Cash Equivalents) consists of cash or Cash Equivalents (other than in the case of an Asset Swap or where the Company is exchanging all or substantially all the assets of one or more Related Businesses operated by the Company or its Subsidiaries (including by way of the transfer of capital stock) for all or substantially all the assets (including by way of the transfer of capital stock) constituting one or more Related Businesses operated by another person, in which event the foregoing requirement with respect to the receipt of cash or Cash Equivalents shall not apply), (3) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of, or would occur after giving effect, on a PRO FORMA basis, to, such Asset Sale, and (4) the Board of the Company determines in good faith that the Company or such Subsidiary, as applicable, receives fair market value for such Asset Sale. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of the first paragraph of this covenant, with respect to an Asset Sale Offer, the Company shall not commence an Asset Sale Offer for the Securities until such time as a Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer for the Citicasters Securities and the 10 1/8% Notes in each case if required, has been completed. To the extent that any Excess Proceeds remain after expiration of an Asset Sale Offer Period for the Citicasters 56 Securities and the 10 1/8% Notes, the Company shall use the remaining Net Cash Proceeds, to the extent "Excess Proceeds" (as defined herein) exceeds $5,000,000, to commence an Asset Sale Offer for the Securities; PROVIDED, that the amount of Net Cash Proceeds used for such Asset Sale Offer for the Securities shall not exceed the Citicasters Asset Sale Repurchase Amount and with respect to the 10 1/8% Notes, the amount required under the covenant Limitation on Sale of Assets and Subsidiary Stock as set forth in the indenture governing the 10 1/8% Notes PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that with respect to the Citicasters Securities this paragraph shall be of no further force and effect upon a Citicasters Securities Event and with respect to the 10 1/8% Notes this paragraph shall be of no further force and effect upon the earlier of (w) the maturity of the 10 1/8% Notes, (x) the date upon which defeasance of the 10 1/8% Notes becomes effective, (y) the date on which there are no longer any 10 1/8% Notes outstanding in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing the 10 1/8% Notes and (z) the date on which the Limitation on Sale of Assets and Subsidiary Stock covenant no longer applies in accordance with the terms of the Indenture governing the 10 1/8% Notes. In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of the first paragraph of this covenant: (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries may convey, sell, lease, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of assets pursuant to an in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.1; (ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries may sell or dispose of inventory or damaged, worn out or other obsolete property in the ordinary course of business so long as such property is no longer necessary for the proper conduct of the business of the Company or such Subsidiary, as applicable; and (iii) any of the Company's Subsidiaries may convey, sell, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of assets to, or merge with or into, the Company or any of its Wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantors. The Company shall accumulate all Net Cash Proceeds (including any cash as and when received from the proceeds of any property which itself was acquired in consideration of an Asset Sale), and the aggregate amount of such accumu- 57 lated Net Cash Proceeds not used for the purposes permitted and within the time provided by this Section 4.14 is referred to as the "Excess Proceeds." For purposes of this Section 4.14, "Excess Proceeds Date" means each date on which the Excess Proceeds exceeds $5,000,000. Not later than ten Business Days after each Excess Proceeds Date, the Company will commence an Asset Sale Offer, to the Holders to purchase, on a PRO RATA basis, for Cash, Securities having a principal amount equal to the Excess Proceeds Amount at the Asset Sale Offer Price, equal to 100% of principal amount, plus accrued but unpaid interest to, and including, the date (the "Purchase Date"), the Securities tendered are purchased and paid for in accordance with this Section 4.14. The Asset Sale Offer shall remain open for twenty Business Days, except to the extent that a longer period is required by applicable law, but in any case not more than sixty Business Days after such Excess Proceeds Date. Notice of an Asset Sale Offer will be sent on or before the commencement of any Asset Sale Offer, by first-class mail, by the Company to each Holder at its registered address, with a copy to the Trustee. The notice to the Holders will contain all information, instructions and materials required by applicable law or otherwise material to such Holders' decision to tender Securities pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer. The notice, which (to the extent consistent with this Indenture) shall govern the terms of the Asset Sale Offer, shall state: (1) that the Asset Sale Offer is being made pursuant to such notice and this Section 4.14; (2) the Asset Sale Offer Amount, the Asset Sale Offer Price (including the amount of accrued and unpaid interest), the Final Put Date (as defined below), and the Purchase Date, which Purchase Date shall be on or prior to 60 Business Days following the Excess Proceeds Date; (3) that any Security or portion thereof not tendered or accepted for payment will continue to accrue interest; (4) that, unless the Company defaults in depositing Cash with the Paying Agent in accordance with the immediately following para- 58 graph of this Section 4.14 or such payment is otherwise prevented, any Security, or portion thereof, accepted for payment pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Purchase Date; (5) that Holders electing to have a Security, or portion thereof, purchased pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer will be required to surrender the Security, with the form entitled "Option of Holder to Elect Purchase" on the reverse of the Security completed, to the Paying Agent (which may not for purposes of this Section 4.14, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, be the Company or any Affiliate of the Company) at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business on the earlier of (a) the third Business Day prior to the Purchase Date and (b) the third Business Day following the expiration of the Asset Sale Offer (such earlier date being the "Final Put Date"); (6) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their elections, in whole or in part, if the Paying Agent (which may not for purposes of this Section 4.14, notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, be the Company or any Affiliate of the Company) receives, up to the close of business on the Final Put Date, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Securities the Holder is withdrawing and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such principal amount of Securities purchased; (7) that if Securities in a principal amount in excess of the principal amount of Securities to be acquired pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer are tendered and not withdrawn, the Trustee shall select the Securities to be purchased on a PRO RATA basis (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Company so that only Securities in denominations of $1,000 or integral multiples of $1,000 shall be acquired); 59 (8) that Holders whose Securities were purchased only in part will be issued new Securities equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered; and (9) a brief description of the circumstances and relevant facts regarding such Asset Sales. On or before a Purchase Date, the Company shall, to the extent lawful, (i) accept for payment Securities or portions thereof properly tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer on or before the Final Put Date (on a PRO RATA basis if required pursuant to paragraph (7) of this Section 4.14), (ii) deposit with the Paying Agent Cash sufficient to pay the Asset Sale Offer Price for all Securities or portions thereof so tendered and accepted and (iii) deliver to the Paying Agent Securities so accepted together with an Officers' Certificate stating the Securities or portions thereof being purchased by the Company. The Paying Agent shall on each Purchase Date mail or deliver to Holders of Securities so accepted payment in an amount equal to the Asset Sale Offer Price for such Securities, and the Trustee shall promptly authenticate and mail or deliver to such Holders a new Security equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Security surrendered; PROVIDED that if the Purchase Date is after a regular Record Date and on or prior to the Interest Payment Date to which such Record Date relates, the accrued interest shall be payable to the Holder of the purchased Securities registered on the relevant Record Date. Any Security not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Company to the Holder thereof. All Net Cash Proceeds from an Event of Loss shall be applied to the restoration, repair or replacement of the asset so affected or invested, used for prepayment of Senior Debt, or used to repurchase Securities, all within the period and as otherwise provided above in clauses 1(a), 1(b) or 1(c) of the first paragraph of this covenant. In addition to the foregoing, the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly make any Asset Sale of any of the Equity Interests of any Subsidiary except pursuant to an Asset Sale of all the Equity Interests of such Subsidiary. 60 Any such Asset Sale Offer shall comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, including Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and all other applicable Federal and State securities laws, if applicable, and any provisions of this Indenture that conflict with such laws shall be deemed to be superseded by the provisions of such laws. If the amount required to be paid by the Company in order to acquire all Securities duly tendered by Holders (and not withdrawn) pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer (the "Acceptance Amount"), made pursuant to the second paragraph of this Section 4.14 is less than the Asset Sale Offer Amount, the excess of the Asset Sale Offer Amount over the Acceptance Amount may be used by the Company for general corporate purposes without restriction, unless otherwise restricted by the other provisions of this Indenture. Upon consummation of any Asset Sale Offer made in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, the Accumulated Amount will be reduced to zero irrespective of the amount of Securities tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of clause (1)(b) in the first paragraph of this Section 4.14, the Company may invest in a controlling interest in the Capital Stock of an entity engaged in a Related Business; PROVIDED, that concurrently with such an Investment, such entity becomes a Subsidiary Guarantor. SECTION 4.15. LIMITATION ON ASSET SWAPS. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, and shall not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, in one or a series of related transactions, directly or indirectly, engage in any Asset Swaps, unless: (i) at the time of entering into the agreement to swap assets and immediately after giving effect to the proposed Asset Swap, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof; (ii) the Company would, after giving PRO FORMA effect to the proposed Asset Swap, have been permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio; (iii) the respective fair market values of the assets being purchased and sold by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the management of the Company or, if such Asset Swap includes consideration in excess of $2.5 million by the Board of Directors of the Company, as 61 evidenced by a Board Resolution) are substantially the same at the time of entering into the agreement to swap assets; and (iv) at the time of the consummation of the proposed Asset Swap, the percentage of any decline in the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the asset or assets being acquired by the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be significantly greater than the percentage of any decline in the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the assets being disposed of by the Company or its Subsidiaries, calculated from the time the agreement to swap assets was entered into. SECTION 4.16. LIMITATION ON LINES OF BUSINESS. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall not, and shall not permit any of their Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, engage to any substantial extent in any line or lines of business activity other than that which, in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company is a Related Business. SECTION 4.17. RESTRICTION ON SALE AND ISSUANCE OF SUBSIDIARY STOCK. Neither the Company nor the Guarantors shall sell, or permit any of their Subsidiaries to issue or sell, any Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of the Company to any person other than the Company or a Wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, except for Equity Interests with no preferences or special rights or privileges and with no redemption or prepayment provisions. SECTION 4.18. WAIVER OF STAY, EXTENSION OR USURY LAWS. Each of the Company and the Guarantors covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company or any Guarantor from paying all or any portion of the principal of, premium of, or interest on the Securities as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) each of the Company and the Guarantors hereby expressly waives all bene- 62 fit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee or any Paying Agent, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. SECTION 4.19. DISSOLUTION OF EXCLUDED SUBSIDIARIES; RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER TO EXCLUDED SUBSIDIARIES. The Company and the Guarantors shall cause all Excluded Subsidiaries to be dissolved or merged with and into a Subsidiary Guarantor on or prior to the date three months from the date of this Indenture. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall not, and shall not permit any of their subsidiaries to, transfer any assets or make any payments outside of the ordinary course to an Excluded Subsidiary. ARTICLE V SUCCESSOR CORPORATION SECTION 5.1. LIMITATION ON MERGER, SALE OR CONSOLIDATION. (a) The Company will not, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge with or into another person or sell, lease, convey or transfer all or substantially all of its assets (computed on a consolidated basis), whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, to another person or group of affiliated persons or adopt a Plan of Liquidation, unless (i) either (a) the Company is the continuing entity or (b) the resulting, surviving or transferee entity or in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, the entity which receives the greatest value from such Plan of Liquidation is a corporation organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of the Company in connection with the Securities and this Indenture; (ii) no Default or Event of Default shall exist or shall occur immediately after giving effect on a PRO FORMA basis to such transaction; and (iii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a PRO FORMA basis, the consolidated resulting, surviving or transferee entity or, in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, the entity which receives the greatest value from such Plan of Liquidation would immediately thereafter be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of addition- 63 al Indebtedness pursuant to the Leverage Ratio set forth in Section 4.11. (b) For purposes of clause (a), the sale, lease, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of one or more Subsidiaries of the Company, which properties and assets, if held by the Company instead of such Subsidiaries, would constitute all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company on a consolidated basis, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company. SECTION 5.2. SUCCESSOR CORPORATION SUBSTITUTED. Upon any consolidation or merger or any transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or consummation of a Plan of Liquidation in accordance with Section 5.1 hereof, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which such transfer is made or, in the case of a Plan of Liquidation, the entity which receives the greatest value from such Plan of Liquidation shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation had been named herein as the Company, and when a successor corporation duly assumes all of the obligations of the Company pursuant hereto and pursuant to the Securities, the Company shall be released from such obligations under the Securities and this Indenture except with respect to any obligations that arise from or are related to, such transaction. ARTICLE VI EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES SECTION 6.1. EVENTS OF DEFAULT. "Event of Default," wherever used herein, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be caused voluntarily or involuntarily or effected, without limitation, by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or 64 order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body): (1) failure by the Company to pay any installment of interest upon the Securities as and when the same becomes due and payable, and the continuance of any such failure for a period of 30 days; (2) failure by the Company to pay all or any part of the principal of or premium, if any, on the Securities when and as the same becomes due and payable at maturity, upon redemption, by acceleration, or otherwise, including, without limitation, default in the payment of the Change of Control Purchase Price in accordance with Article XI or the Asset Sale Offer Price in accordance with Section 4.14, or otherwise; (3) failure by the Company or any Guarantor to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the Securities or this Indenture and, subject to certain exceptions, the continuance of such failure for a period of 60 days after written notice is given to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities outstanding, specifying such default or breach, requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder; (4) a decree, judgment, or order by a court of competent jurisdiction shall have been entered adjudicating the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries as bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries under any bankruptcy or similar law, and such decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 consecutive days; or a decree, judgment or order of a court of competent jurisdiction appointing a receiver, liquidator, trustee, or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency for the Company, any of its Significant Subsidiaries, or any substantial part of the property of any such Person, or for the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of any such Person, shall have been entered, and such decree, judgment, or order shall have remained in force undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days; 65 (5) a default in any issue of Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with an aggregate principal amount in excess of $5.0 million, in either case (a) resulting from the failure to pay principal at final maturity, or (b) as a result of which the maturity of such Indebtedness has been accelerated prior to its stated maturity; (6) the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries shall institute proceedings to be adjudicated a voluntary bankrupt, or shall consent to the filing of a bankruptcy proceeding against it, or shall file a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization under any bankruptcy or similar law or similar statute, or shall consent to the filing of any such petition, or shall consent to the appointment of a Custodian, receiver, liquidator, trustee, or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of it or any substantial part of its assets or property, or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, fail generally to pay its debts as they become due, or take any corporate action in furtherance of any of the foregoing; or (7) final unsatisfied judgments not covered by insurance aggregating in excess of $5.0 million at any one time shall be rendered against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and not stayed, bonded or discharged for a period (during which execution shall not be effectively stayed) of 60 days (or, in the case of any such final judgment which provides for payment over time, which shall so remain unstayed, unbonded or undischarged beyond any applicable payment date provided therein). SECTION 6.2. ACCELERATION OF MATURITY DATE; RESCISSION AND ANNULMENT. If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(4) or (6) relating to the Company or its Significant Subsidiaries) then in every such case, unless the principal of all of the Securities shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities outstanding, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Hold- 66 ers) (an "Acceleration Notice"), may declare all of the principal and accrued interest thereon to be due and payable immediately; provided, however, that if any Senior Debt is outstanding pursuant to the New Credit Facility upon a declaration of such acceleration, such principal and interest shall be due and payable upon the earlier of (x) the third Business Day after the sending to the Company and the Representative of such written notice, unless such Event of Default is cured or waived prior to such date and (y) the date of acceleration of any Senior Debt under the New Credit Facility. In the event a declaration of acceleration resulting from an Event of Default described in Section 6.1(5) above has occurred and is continuing, such declaration of acceleration shall be automatically annulled if such default is cured or waived or the holders of the Indebtedness which is the subject of such default have rescinded their declaration of acceleration in respect of such Indebtedness within five days thereof and the Trustee has received written notice or such cure, wavier or rescission and no other Event of Default described in Section 6.1(5) above has occurred that has not been cured or waived within five days of the declaration of such acceleration in respect of such Indebtedness. If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(4) or (6) above, relating to the Company or any Significant Subsidiary occurs, all principal and accrued interest thereon will be immediately due and payable on all outstanding Securities without any declaration or other act on the part of Trustee or the Holders. At any time after such a declaration of acceleration being made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter provided in this Article VI, the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of then outstanding Securities, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind, on behalf of all Holders, any such declaration of acceleration if: (1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee Cash sufficient to pay (A) all overdue interest on all Securities, (B) the principal of (and premium, if any, applicable to) any Securities which would become due 67 other than by reason of such declaration of acceleration, and interest thereon at the rate borne by the Securities, (C) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate borne by the Securities, (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7, and (2) all Events of Default, other than the non-payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on Securities which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 6.12, including, if applicable, any Event of Default relating to the covenants contained in Section 11.1. Notwithstanding the previous sentence of this Section 6.2, no waiver shall be effective against any Holder for any Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of time or both would be an Event of Default with respect to (i) any covenant or provision which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected thereby, unless all such affected Holders agree, in writing, to waive such Event of Default or other event and (ii) any provision requiring supermajority approval to amend, unless such default has been waived by such a supermajority. No such waiver shall cure or waive any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon. SECTION 6.3. COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS FOR ENFORCEMENT BY TRUSTEE. The Company covenants that if an Event of Default in payment of principal, premium, or interest specified in clause (1) or (2) of Section 6.1 occurs and is continuing, the Company shall, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for princi- 68 pal, premium (if any) and interest, and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and on any overdue interest, at the rate borne by the Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including compensation to, and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and its agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7. If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust in favor of the Holders, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities, wherever situated. If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effective to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. SECTION 6.4. TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM. In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal and premium, if any, or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise to take any and all actions under the TIA, including 69 (1) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and its agent and counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and (2) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. SECTION 6.5. TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE CLAIMS WITHOUT POSSESSION OF SECURITIES. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust in favor of the Holders, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of compensation to, and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee 70 under Section 7.7, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered. SECTION 6.6. PRIORITIES. Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal, premium (if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: FIRST: To the Trustee in payment of all amounts due pursuant to Section 7.7; SECOND: To the Holders in payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of, premium (if any) and interest on, the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal, premium (if any) and interest, respectively; and THIRD: To the Company or such other Person as may be lawfully entitled thereto, the remainder, if any. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date and payment date for any payment to the Holders under this Section 6.6. SECTION 6.7. LIMITATION ON SUITS. No Holder of any Security shall have any right to order or direct the Trustee to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless (A) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default; (B) the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of then outstanding Securities shall have made written request to the Trustee to 71 institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (C) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred or reasonably probable to be incurred in compliance with such request; (D) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and (E) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities; it being understood and intended that no one or more Holders shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all the Holders. SECTION 6.8. UNCONDITIONAL RIGHT OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of, and premium (if any) and interest on, such Security on the Maturity Dates of such payments as expressed in such Security (in the case of redemption, the Redemption Price on the applicable Redemption Date, in the case of the Change of Control Payment, on the applicable Change of Control Payment Date, and in the case of the Asset Sale Offer Price, on the Purchase Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment after such respective dates, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. 72 SECTION 6.9. RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE. Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.7, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. SECTION 6.10. DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER. No delay or omission by the Trustee or by any Holder of any Security to exercise any right or remedy arising upon any Event of Default shall impair the exercise of any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default. Every right and remedy given by this Article VI or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be. SECTION 6.11. CONTROL BY HOLDERS. The Holder or Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of then outstanding Securities shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, PROVIDED, that (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture or involve the Trustee in personal liability, (2) the Trustee shall not determine that the action so directed would be unjustly prejudicial to the Holders not taking part in such direction, and (3) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction. 73 SECTION 6.12. WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULT. Subject to Section 6.8, and prior to the declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the Securities, the Holder or Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities may, on behalf of all Holders, waive any past default hereunder and its consequences, except a default (A) in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, any Security as specified in clauses (1) and (2) of Section 6.1 and not yet cured, (B) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which, under Article IX, cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected, or (C) in respect of any provision hereof which, under Article IX, cannot be modified, amended or waived without the consent of the Holders of a supermajority of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities at the time outstanding; PROVIDED, that any such waiver may be effected with the consent of the Holders of a supermajority of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding. Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair the exercise of any right arising therefrom. SECTION 6.13. UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it as Trustee, any court may in its discretion require the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, 74 against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 6.13 shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for enforcement of the payment of principal of, or premium (if any) or interest on, any Security on or after the respective Maturity Date expressed in such Security (including, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date). SECTION 6.14. RESTORATION OF RIGHTS AND REMEDIES. If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Guarantors, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. ARTICLE VII TRUSTEE The Trustee hereby accepts the trust imposed upon it by this Indenture and covenants and agrees to perform the same, as herein expressed, subject to the terms hereof. SECTION 7.1. DUTIES OF TRUSTEE. (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent Person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs. 75 (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default: (1) The Trustee need perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no covenants or obligations shall be implied in or read into this Indenture which are adverse to the Trustee, and (2) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture. (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that: (1) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section 7.1, (2) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Trust Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts, and (3) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.11. (d) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or to take or omit to take any action under this Indenture or at the request, order or direction of the Holders or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity 76 against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. (e) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d) and (f) of this Section 7.1. (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any assets received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Assets held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other assets except to the extent required by law. SECTION 7.2. RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE. Subject to Section 7.1: (a) The Trustee may rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may consult with counsel and may require an Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel, which shall conform to Sections 13.4 and 13.5. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such certificate or advice of counsel. (c) The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care. (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture, nor for any action permitted to be taken or omitted hereunder by any Agent. (e) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit. 77 (f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders, pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may be incurred therein or thereby. (g) Unless otherwise specifically provided for in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company or any Guarantor shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company or such Guarantor, as applicable. (h) The Trustee shall have no duty to inquire as to the performance of the Company's or any Guarantor's covenants in Article IV hereof or as to the performance by any Agent of its duties hereunder. In addition, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default except any Default or Event of Default of which the Trustee shall have received written notification or with respect to which a Trustee Officer shall have actual knowledge. (i) Whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers' Certificate. SECTION 7.3. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE. The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company, any Guarantor, any of their Subsidiaries, or their respective Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee must comply with Sections 7.10 and 7.11. SECTION 7.4. TRUSTEE'S DISCLAIMER. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities and it shall not be accountable for the Company's use of the 78 proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities, other than the Trustee's certificate of authentication (if executed by the Trustee), or the use or application of any funds received by a Paying Agent other than the Trustee. SECTION 7.5. NOTICE OF DEFAULT. If a Default or an Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder notice of the uncured Default or Event of Default within 90 days after such Default or Event of Default occurs. Except in the case of a Default or an Event of Default in payment of principal (or premium, if any) of, or interest on, any Security (including the payment of the Change of Control Purchase Price on the Change of Control Payment Date, the payment of the Redemption Price on the Redemption Date and the payment of the Offer Price on the Purchase Date), the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a Trust Officer in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interest of the Securityholders. SECTION 7.6. REPORTS BY TRUSTEE TO HOLDERS. Within 60 days after each May 15 beginning with the May 15, 1997 following the date of this Indenture, the Trustee shall, if required by law, mail to each Securityholder a brief report dated as of such May 15 that complies with TIA Section 313(a). The Trustee also shall comply with TIA Sections 313(b) and 313(c). The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing if the Securities become listed on any stock exchange or automatic quotation system. A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders shall be mailed to the Company and filed with the SEC and each stock exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed. SECTION 7.7. COMPENSATION AND INDEMNITY. The Company and the Guarantors jointly and severally agree to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for its services. The Trustee's compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a 79 trustee of an express trust. The Company and the Guarantors shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable disbursements, expenses and advances incurred or made by it in accordance with this Indenture. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee's agents, accountants, experts and counsel. The Company and the Guarantors jointly and severally agree to indemnify the Trustee (in its capacity as Trustee) and each of its officers and each of them, directors, attorneys-in-fact and agents for, and hold it harmless against, any claim, demand, expense (including but not limited to reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee's agents and counsel), loss or liability incurred by it without negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, arising out of or in connection with the administration of this trust and its rights or duties hereunder including the reasonable costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim asserted against the Trustee for which it may seek indemnity. The Company and the Guarantors shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall provide reasonable cooperation at the Company's and the Guarantors' expense in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company and the Guarantors shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company and the Guarantors need not pay for any settlement made without their written consent. The Company and the Guarantors need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability to the extent incurred by the Trustee through its negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. To secure the Company's and the Guarantors' payment obligations in this Section 7.7, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all assets held or collected by the Trustee, in its capacity as Trustee, except assets held in trust to pay principal and premium, if any, of or interest on particular Securities. When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(4) or (6) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law. 80 The Company's and the Guarantors' obligations under this Section 7.7 and any lien arising hereunder shall survive the resignation or removal of the Trustee, the discharge of the Company's and the Guarantors' obligations pursuant to Article VIII of this Indenture and any rejection or termination of this Indenture under any Bankruptcy Law. SECTION 7.8. REPLACEMENT OF TRUSTEE. The Trustee may resign by so notifying the Company in writing. The Holder or Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Company and the Trustee in writing and may appoint a successor trustee with the Company's consent. The Company may remove the Trustee if: (a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10; (b) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent; (c) a receiver, Custodian, or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or (d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting. If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holder or Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that and provided that all sums owing to the retiring Trustee provided for in Section 7.7 have been paid, the retiring Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the lien provided in Section 7.7, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall mail notice of its succession to each Holder. 81 If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holder or Holders of at least 10% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the Company and the Guarantors' obligations under Section 7.7 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee. SECTION 7.9. SUCCESSOR TRUSTEE BY MERGER, ETC. If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation without any further act shall, if such resulting, surviving or transferee corporation is otherwise eligible hereunder, be the successor Trustee. SECTION 7.10. ELIGIBILITY; DISQUALIFICATION. The Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 310(b). SECTION 7.11. PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST THE COMPANY. The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated. 82 ARTICLE VIII DISCHARGE; LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE SECTION 8.1. DISCHARGE; OPTION TO EFFECT LEGAL DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE. This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except that the Company's and the Guarantors' obligations under Section 7.7 and the Trustee's and the Paying Agent's obligations under Sections 8.6 and 8.7 shall survive) when all outstanding Securities theretofore authenticated and issued have been delivered (other than destroyed, lost or stolen Securities that have been replaced or paid) to the Trustee for cancellation and the Company or the Guarantors have paid all sums payable hereunder. In addition, the Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have Section 8.2 or may, at any time, elect to have Section 8.3 applied to all outstanding Securities upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article VIII. SECTION 8.2. LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE. Upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.1 of the option applicable to this Section 8.2, the Company and the Guarantors shall be deemed to have been discharged from their respective obligations with respect to all outstanding Securities on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, "Legal Defeasance"). For this purpose, such Legal Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Securities, which shall thereafter be deemed to be "outstanding" only for the purposes of Section 8.5 and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding Securities to receive solely from the trust fund described in Section 8.4, and as more fully set forth in such section, payments in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Securities when such payments are due, (b) the Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 2.4, 2.6, 2.7, 2.10 and 4.2, (c) the rights, powers, trusts, 83 duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company's and the Guarantors' obligation in connection therewith and (d) this Article VIII. Upon Legal Defeasance as provided herein, the Guaranty of each Guarantor shall be fully released and discharged and the Trustee shall promptly execute and deliver to the Company any documents reasonably requested by the Company to evidence or effect the foregoing. Subject to compliance with this Article VIII, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 8.2 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.3 with respect to the Securities. SECTION 8.3. COVENANT DEFEASANCE. Upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.1 of the option applicable to this Section 8.3, the Company and the Guarantors shall be released from their respective obligations under the covenants contained in Sections 4.3, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.16 and 4.17, Article V, Article XI and Article XII with respect to the outstanding Securities on and after the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, "Covenant Defeasance"), and the Securities shall thereafter be deemed not "outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed "outstanding" for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities, the Company need not comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document (and Section 6.1(3) shall not apply to any such covenant), but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.1 of the option applicable to this Section 8.3, Sections 6.1(3) through 6.1(7) shall not constitute Events of Default. Upon Covenant Defeasance, as provided herein, the Guaranty of each Guarantor shall be fully released and discharged and the Trustee shall promptly execute and deliver to the Company any documents reasonably requested by the Company to evidence or effect the foregoing. 84 SECTION 8.4. CONDITIONS TO LEGAL OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE. The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.2 or Section 8.3 to the outstanding Securities: (a) The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfactory to the Trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.10 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article VIII applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, (a) Cash in an amount, or (b) U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, Cash in an amount, or (c) a combination thereof, in such amounts, as in each case will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge and which shall be applied by the Paying Agent (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the outstanding Securities on the Stated Maturity or on the applicable Redemption Date, as the case may be, of such principal or installment of principal, premium, if any, or interest; PROVIDED that the Paying Agent shall have been irrevocably instructed to apply such Cash and the proceeds of such U.S. Government Obligations to said payments with respect to the Securities. The Paying Agent shall promptly advise the Trustee in writing of any Cash or Securities deposited pursuant to this Section 8.4; (b) In the case of an election under Section 8.2, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that (i) the Company have received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (ii) since the date of this Indenture there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such 85 Legal Defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred; (c) In the case of an election under Section 8.3, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States to the effect that the Holders of the outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax in the same amount, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred; (d) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or, in so far as Section 6.1(4) or Section 6.1(6) is concerned, at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition is a condition subsequent which shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period, but in the case of Covenant Defeasance, the covenants which are defeased under Section 8.3 will cease to be in effect unless an Event of Default under Section 6.1(4) or Section 6.1(6) occurs during such period); (e) Such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company, the Guarantors, or any of their Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound; (f) In the case of an election under either Section 8.2 or 8.3, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that the deposit made by the Company pursuant to its election under Section 8.2 or 8.3 was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders over other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the Company or others; (g) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that the conditions precedent provided for have been complied with; and 86 (h) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that the conditions set out in Section 8.4(a) (with respect to the validity and perfection of the security interest), (b), (c) and (e) above. (i) The Company or the Parent Guarantor shall have delivered to the Trustee any required consent of the lenders under the Credit Facility to such defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be. SECTION 8.5. DEPOSITED CASH AND U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN TRUST; OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. Subject to Section 8.6, all Cash and U.S. Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Paying Agent (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 8.5, the "Paying Agent") pursuant to Section 8.4 in respect of the outstanding Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Paying Agent, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any other Paying Agent as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. SECTION 8.6. REPAYMENT TO THE COMPANY. Anything in this Article VIII to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee or the Paying Agent shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon the request of the Company any Cash or U.S. Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 8.4 hereof which in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.4(a) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. Any Cash and U.S. Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the 87 payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on its request; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money shall thereupon cease; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to (i) be published once, in the NEW YORK TIMES and THE WALL STREET JOURNAL (national edition), or (ii) mail to each such Holder, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. SECTION 8.7. REINSTATEMENT. If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any Cash or U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.2 or 8.3, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Company's and the Guarantors' obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.2 or 8.3 until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply such money in accordance with Section 8.2 and 8.3, as the case may be; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the Cash and U.S. Government Obligations held by the Trustee or Paying Agent. 88 ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS SECTION 9.1. SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS. Without the consent of any Holder, the Company or any Guarantor, when authorized by Board Resolutions, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes: (1) to cure any ambiguity, defect, or inconsistency, or make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture which shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, provided such action pursuant to this clause shall not adversely affect the interests of any Holder in any respect; (2) to add to the covenants of the Company or the Guarantors for the benefit of the Holders, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company or the Guarantors; (3) to provide for additional collateral for or additional Guarantors of the Securities; (4) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the obligations of the Company, herein and in the Securities in accordance with Article V; (5) to comply with the TIA; (6) to evidence the succession of another corporation to any Guarantor and assumption by any such successor of the Guaranty of such Guarantor (as set forth in Section 12.4) in accordance with Article XIII; (7) to evidence the release of any Guarantor in accordance with Article XII; (8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities; or 89 SECTION 9.2. AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES AND WAIVERS WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS. Subject to Section 6.8, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of then outstanding Securities, by written act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company or any Guarantor, when authorized by Board Resolutions, and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities or enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or the Securities or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders under this Indenture or the Securities. Subject to Section 6.8, the Holder or Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of then outstanding Securities may waive compliance by the Company or any Guarantor with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities. Notwithstanding any of the above, however, no such amendment, supplemental indenture or waiver shall without the consent of the Holders of not less than 75% of the aggregate principal amounts of Securities at the time outstanding alter the terms or provisions of Section 11.1 or Section 11.2 in a manner adverse to the Holders; and no such amendment, supplemental indenture or waiver shall, without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected thereby: (1) change the Stated Maturity on any Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate (or extend the time for payment) of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or change the place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Security or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date), or reduce the Change of Control Purchase Price, the Citicasters Purchase Price or the Asset Sale Offer Price or alter the provisions (including the defined terms used herein) regarding the right of the Company to redeem the Securities in a manner adverse the Holders; or (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding Securities, the consent of whose Holders is 90 required for any such amendment, supplemental indenture or wavier provided for in this Indenture; or (3) modify any of the waiver provisions, except to increase any required percentage or to provide that certain other provision of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Note affected thereby. Notwithstanding any of the above, however, no such amendment, supplemental indenture or waiver shall without the consent of the Representative on behalf of the Required Lenders amend, waive or otherwise modify the terms or provisions of Article X in a manner adverse to the Lenders (as defined in the New Credit Facility). It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver. After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.2 or Section 9.4 becomes effective, it shall bind each Holder. In connection with any amendment, supplement or waiver under this Article IX, the Company may, but shall not be obligated to, offer to any Holder who consents to such amendment, supplement or waiver, or to all Holders, consideration for such Holder's consent to such amendment, supplement or waiver. SECTION 9.3. COMPLIANCE WITH TIA. Every amendment, waiver or supplement of this Indenture or the Securities shall comply with the TIA as then in effect. 91 SECTION 9.4. REVOCATION AND EFFECT OF CONSENTS. Until an amendment, waiver or supplement becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of his Security by written notice to the Company or the Person designated by the Company as the Person to whom consents should be sent if such revocation is received by the Company or such Person before the date on which the Trustee receives an Officers' Certificate certifying that the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Securities have consented (and not theretofore revoked such consent) to the amendment, supplement or waiver. The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver, which record date shall be the date so fixed by the Company notwithstanding the provisions of the TIA. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the last sentence of the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date, and only those Persons (or their duly designated proxies), shall be entitled to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date. After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Securityholder, unless it makes a change described in any of clauses (1) through (3) of Section 9.2, in which case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind only each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security; PROVIDED, that any such waiver shall not impair or affect the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal and premium of and interest on a Security, on or after the respective dates set for such amounts to become due and payable expressed in such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates. 92 SECTION 9.5. NOTATION ON OR EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES. If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Registrar or require the Holder to put an appropriate notation on the Security. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms. Any failure to make the appropriate notation or to issue a new Security shall not affect the validity of such amendment, supplement or waiver. SECTION 9.6. TRUSTEE TO SIGN AMENDMENTS, ETC. The Trustee shall execute any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article IX; PROVIDED, that the Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, execute any such amendment, supplement or waiver which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture. The Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article IX is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. ARTICLE X SUBORDINATION SECTION 10.1. SECURITIES SUBORDINATED TO SENIOR DEBT. The Company and the Guarantors and each Holder, by its acceptance of Securities, agree that (a) the payment of the principal of and interest on the Securities and (b) any other payment in respect of the Securities, including on account of the acquisition or redemption of the Securities by the Company or the Guarantors (including, without limitation, pursuant to Article III or Section 4.1, 4.14, 11.1, 11.2 or Article XII is expressly made and shall be subordinated in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner provided in this Article X, to the prior payment in full in Cash of all existing and future Senior Debt of the Company 93 and the Guarantors and that these subordination provisions are for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt. This Article X shall constitute a continuing offer to all Persons who, in reliance upon such provisions, become holders of, or continue to hold, Senior Debt, and such provisions are made for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt, and such holders are made obligees hereunder and any one or more of them may enforce such provisions. SECTION 10.2. NO PAYMENT ON SECURITIES IN CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES. (a) No payment (including any payment which may be payable to any Holder by reason of the subordination of any other indebtedness or other obligations to, or guarantee of, the Securities) or distribution (by set-off or otherwise) shall be made by or on behalf of the Company or a Guarantor, as applicable, on account of the Securities, including the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (including any repurchases of Securities) or any other amounts with respect thereto or on account of the redemption provisions of the Securities for cash or property (other than Junior Securities), (i) upon the maturity of any Senior Debt of the Company or such Guarantor by lapse of time, acceleration (unless waived) or otherwise, unless and until all principal of, premium, if any, and the interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, such Senior Debt shall first be paid in full in Cash or otherwise to the extent each of the holders of Senior Debt accept satisfaction of amounts due to such holder by settlement in other than Cash, or (ii) in the event of default in payment of any principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, or any other amounts with respect to, Senior Debt of the Company or such Guarantor when the same becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by declaration or otherwise (each of the foregoing, a "Payment Default") unless and until such Payment Default has been cured or waived or otherwise has ceased to exist. (b) Upon (i) the happening of a default (other than a Payment Default) that permits the holders of Senior Debt (or a percentage thereof) to declare such Senior Debt to be due and payable and (ii) written notice of such default given to the Company and the Trustee by the Representative under the Credit Facility or by the holders of an aggregate of at least $25.0 million principal amount out- 94 standing of any other Senior Debt or their representative at such holders' direction (a "Payment Notice"), then, unless and until such default has been cured or waived or otherwise has ceased to exist, no payment (including any payment which may be payable to any Holder by reason of the subordination of any other indebtedness or other obligations to, or guarantee of, the Securities) or distribution (by set-off or otherwise) may be made by or on behalf of the Company or any Guarantor which is an obligor under such Senior Debt on account of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (including any repurchases of any of the Securities), or any other amount with respect thereto, or on account of the redemption provision of the Securities, in any such case, other than payments made with Junior Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless the Senior Debt in respect of which such default exists has been declared due and payable in its entirety within 179 days after the Payment Notice is delivered as set forth above (such period being hereinafter referred to as the "Payment Blockage Period") (and such declaration has not been rescinded or waived), at the end of the Payment Blockage Period (and assuming that no Payment Default Exists), unless Section 10.3 shall be applicable the Company and the Guarantors shall not be prohibited by the subordination provisions from paying all sums then due and not paid to the Holders of the Securities during the Payment Blockage Period due to the foregoing prohibitions and to resume all other payments as and when due on the Securities. Any number of Payment Notices may be given; PROVIDED, HOWEVER; that (i) not more than one Payment Notice shall be given within a period of any 360 consecutive days, and (ii) no default that existed upon the date of delivery of such Payment Notice (whether or not such event of default is on the same issue of Senior Debt) shall be made the basis for the commencement of any other Payment Blockage Period. (c) In furtherance of the provisions of Section 10.1, in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.2, any payment or distribution of assets in respect of the Securities, including principal of or interest on the Securities or to defease or acquire any of the Securities (including repurchases of Securities pursuant to Section 4.14, 11.1 or 11.2) for Cash, property or securities (excluding payments made with Junior Securities), or on account of the redemption provisions of the Securities, shall be made by the Company or any of the Guarantors and received by the Trustee, by any Holder or by any 95 Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as the Paying Agent, money for any such payment shall be segregated and held in trust), at a time when such payment or distribution was prohibited by the provisions of this Section 10.2, then, unless such payment or distribution is no longer prohibited by this Section 10.2, such payment or distribution (subject to the provisions of Section 10.7) shall be received and held in trust by the Trustee or such Holder or Paying Agent for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt of the Company or such Guarantor, and shall be paid or delivered by the Trustee or such Holders or such Paying Agent, as the case may be, to the holders of Senior Debt of the Company or such Guarantor remaining unpaid or their representative or representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing such Senior Debt of the Company or such Guarantor may have been issued, ratably according to the aggregate amounts unpaid on account of such Senior Debt held or represented by each, for application to the payment of all Senior Debt in full in Cash or otherwise to the extent each of the holders of such Senior Debt accept satisfaction of amounts due by settlement in other than Cash after giving effect to all concurrent payments and distributions to or for the holders of such Senior Debt. SECTION 10.3. SECURITIES SUBORDINATED TO PRIOR PAYMENT OF ALL SENIOR DEBT ON DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION OR REORGANIZATION. Upon any distribution of assets of the Company or any Guarantor or upon any dissolution, winding up, total or partial liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Guarantor, whether voluntary or involuntary, in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or a similar proceeding or upon assignment for the benefit of creditors or any marshalling of assets or liabilities: (a) the holders of all Senior Debt of the Company or such Guarantor, as applicable, shall first be entitled to receive payments in full of all amounts of Senior Debt in Cash or otherwise to the extent each of such holders accepts satisfaction of amounts due by settlement in other than Cash or before the Holders are entitled to receive any payment (including any payment which may be payable to any Holder by reason of the subordination of any other indebtedness or other obligations to, or guarantee of, the Securities) or distribution on account of the principal 96 of, premium, if any, and any interest on, or other amounts with respect to, the Securities (other than Junior Securities); (b) any payment or distribution of assets of the Company or such Guarantor of any kind or character from any source, whether in cash, property or securities (other than Junior Securities), to which the Holders or the Trustee on behalf of the Holders would be entitled (by set-off or otherwise) except for the provisions of this Article X, shall be paid by the liquidating Trustee or agent or other person making such a payment or distribution, directly to the holders of such Senior Debt or their representative to the extent necessary to make payment in full on all such Senior Debt remaining unpaid, after giving effect to all concurrent payments or distributions to the holders of such Senior Debt; and (c) in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or distribution of assets of the Company or any Guarantor (other than the Junior Securities), shall be received by the Trustee or the Holders at a time when such payment or distribution shall be prohibited by the foregoing provisions, such payment or distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of the holders of such Senior Debt, and shall be paid or delivered by the Trustee or such Holders, as the case may be, to the holders of such Senior Debt remaining unpaid or to their representative or representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any of such Senior Debt held or represented by each, for application to the payment of all such Senior Debt may have been issued, ratably according to the aggregate principal amounts remaining unpaid on account of such Senior Debt remaining unpaid, to the extent necessary to pay all such Senior Debt in full in Cash or otherwise to the extent each of the holders of such Senior Debt accept satisfaction of amounts due by settlement in other than Cash after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of such Senior Debt. SECTION 10.4. SECURITYHOLDERS TO BE SUBROGATED TO RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF SENIOR DEBT. Subject to the payment in full in Cash of all Senior Debt of the Company or any Guarantor as provided herein, the Holders of Securities shall be subrogated to the 97 rights of the holders of such Senior Debt to receive payments or distributions of assets of the Company applicable to the Senior Debt until all amounts owing on the Securities shall be paid in full, and for the purpose of such subrogation no such payments or distributions to the holders of such Senior Debt by or on behalf of the Company or any Guarantor, or by or on behalf of the Holders by virtue of this Article X, which otherwise would have been made to the Holders shall, as between the Company or any Guarantor and the Holders, be deemed to be payment by the Company or any Guarantor or on account of such Senior Debt, it being understood that the provisions of this Article X are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders, on the one hand, and the holders of such Senior Debt, on the other hand. If any payment or distribution to which the Holders would otherwise have been entitled but for the provisions of this Article X shall have been applied, pursuant to the provisions of this Article X, to the payment of amounts payable under Senior Debt of the Company or any Guarantor, then the Holders shall be entitled to receive from the holders of such Senior Debt any payments or distributions received by such holders of Senior Debt in excess of the amount sufficient to pay all amounts payable under or in respect of such Senior Debt in full in Cash or otherwise to the extent each of such holders accepts satisfaction of amounts due by settlement in other than Cash. SECTION 10.5. OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY AND THE GUARANTORS UNCONDITIONAL. Nothing contained in this Article X or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall impair, as between the Company and any Guarantors and the Holders, the obligation of each such Person, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of the Holders and creditors of the Company and the Guarantors other than the holders of the Senior Debt, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Trustee or any Holder from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article X, of the holders of Senior Debt in respect of Cash, property 98 or securities of the Company and the Guarantors received upon the exercise of any such remedy. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article X or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities, upon any distribution of assets of the Company and the Guarantors referred to in this Article X, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections 7.1 and 7.2, and the Holders shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending, or a certificate of the liquidating Trustee or agent or other Person making any distribution to the Trustee or to the Holders for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt and other Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article X so long as such court has been apprised of the provisions of, or the order, decree or certificate makes reference to, the provisions of this Article X. Nothing in this Section 10.5 shall apply to the claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 7.7. SECTION 10.6. TRUSTEE ENTITLED TO ASSUME PAYMENTS NOT PROHIBITED IN ABSENCE OF NOTICE. The Trustee shall not at any time be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee unless and until the Trustee or any Paying Agent shall have received, no later than one Business Day prior to such payment, written notice thereof from the Company or from one or more holders of Senior Debt or from any representative therefor and, prior to the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections 7.1 and 7.2, shall be entitled in all respects conclusively to assume that no such fact exists. SECTION 10.7. APPLICATION BY TRUSTEE OF ASSETS DEPOSITED WITH IT. Amounts deposited in trust with the Trustee pursuant to and in accordance with Article VIII shall be for the sole benefit of Securityholders and, to the extent (i) the making of such deposit by the Company shall not be in contravention of any term or provision of the New Credit Facil- 99 ity and (ii) allocated for the payment of Securities, shall not be subject to the subordination provisions of this Article X. Otherwise, any deposit of assets with the Trustee or the Agent (whether or not in trust) for the payment of principal of or interest on any Securities shall be subject to the provisions of Sections 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and 10.4. SECTION 10.8. SUBORDINATION RIGHTS NOT IMPAIRED BY ACTS OR OMISSIONS OF THE COMPANY, THE GUARANTORS OR HOLDERS OF SENIOR DEBT. No right of any present or future holders of any Senior Debt to enforce subordination provisions contained in this Article X shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or any Guarantor or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company or any Guarantor with the terms of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof which any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with. The holders of Senior Debt may at any time and from time to time without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities without incurring any responsibility to the Holders extend, renew, modify or amend the terms of the Senior Debt or any security therefor and release, sell or exchange such security and otherwise deal freely with the Company and the Guarantors and any person liable in any manner for the collection of Senior Debt, all without affecting the subordination provisions or liabilities or obligations of the parties to this Indenture or the Holders or to the holders of the Senior Debt. SECTION 10.9. SECURITYHOLDERS AUTHORIZE TRUSTEE TO EFFECTUATE SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES. Each Holder of the Securities by his acceptance thereof authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination provisions contained in this Article X and to protect the rights of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for such purpose, including, in the event of any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Guarantor (whether in bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership proceedings or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company or any Guarantor), the 100 immediate filing of a claim for the unpaid balance of his Securities in the form required in said proceedings and cause said claim to be approved. If the Trustee does not file a proper claim or proof of debt in the form required in such proceeding prior to 30 days before the expiration of the time to file such claim or claims, then the holders of the Senior Debt or their representative are or is hereby authorized to have the right to file and are or is hereby authorized to file an appropriate claim for and on behalf of the Holders of said Securities. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee or the holders of Senior Debt or their representative to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee or the holders of Senior Debt or their representative to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceeding. SECTION 10.10. RIGHT OF TRUSTEE TO HOLD SENIOR DEBT. The Trustee shall be entitled to all of the rights set forth in this Article X in respect of any Senior Debt at any time held by it to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt, and nothing in this Indenture shall be construed to deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder. SECTION 10.11. ARTICLE X NOT TO PREVENT EVENTS OF DEFAULT. The failure to make a payment on account of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities by reason of any provision of this Article X shall not be construed as preventing the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.1 or in any way prevent the Holders from exercising any right hereunder other than the right to receive payment on the Securities. SECTION 10.12. NO FIDUCIARY DUTY OF TRUSTEE TO HOLDERS OF SENIOR DEBT. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Debt, and shall not be liable to any such holders (other than for its willful misconduct or negligence) if it shall in good faith mistakenly 101 pay over or distribute to the Holders of Securities or the Company, any Guarantor or any other Person, cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt shall be entitled by virtue of this Article X or otherwise. Nothing in this Section 10.12 shall affect the obligation of any other such Person to hold such payment for the benefit of, and to pay such payment over to, the holders of Senior Debt or their representative. ARTICLE XI RIGHT TO REQUIRE REPURCHASE SECTION 11.1. REPURCHASE OF SECURITIES AT OPTION OF THE HOLDER UPON A CHANGE OF CONTROL. (a) In the event that a Change of Control has occurred, each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder's option, pursuant to an irrevocable and unconditional offer by the Company (the "Change of Control Offer"), to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of such Holder's Securities (PROVIDED, that the principal amount of such Securities at maturity must be $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) on a date (the "Change of Control Purchase Date") that is no later than 35 Business Days after the Occurrence of such Change of Control, at a cash price (the "Change of Control Purchase Price") equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the Change of Control Purchase Date. (b) In the event of a Change of Control, the Company shall be required to commence a Change of Control Offer as follows: (1) the Change of Control Offer shall commence within 10 Business Days following the occurrence of the Change of Control; (2) the Change of Control Offer shall remain open for 20 Business Days, except to the extent that a longer period is required by applicable law, but in any case not more than 35 Business Days following commencement (the "Change of Control Offer Period"); (3) upon the expiration of a Change of Control Offer, the Company shall promptly purchase all of 102 the properly tendered Securities at the Change of Control Purchase Price; (4) if the Change of Control Payment Date is on or after a Record Date and on or before the related interest payment date, any accrued interest will be paid to the Person in whose name a Security is registered at the close of business on such Record Date, and no additional interest will be payable to Securityholders who tender Securities pursuant to the Change of Control Offer; (5) the Company shall provide the Trustee and the Paying Agent with notice of the Change of Control Offer at least three Business Days before the commencement of any Change of Control Offer; and (6) on or before the commencement of any Change of Control Offer, the Company or the Registrar (upon the request and at the expense of the Company) shall send, by first-class mail, a notice to each of the Securityholders, which (to the extent consistent with this Indenture) shall govern the terms of the Change of Control Offer and shall state: (i) that the Change of Control Offer is being made pursuant to such notice and this Section 11.1 and that all Securities, or portions thereof, tendered will be accepted for payment; (ii) the Change of Control Purchase Price (including the amount of accrued and unpaid interest, subject to clause (b)(4) above), the Change of Control Purchase Date and the Change of Control Put Date (as defined below); (iii) that any Security, or portion thereof, not tendered or accepted for payment will continue to accrue interest; (iv) that, unless the Company defaults in depositing Cash with the Paying Agent in accordance with the last paragraph of this Section 11.1 or such payment is prevented, any Security, or portion thereof, accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Change of Control Purchase Date; 103 (v) that Holders electing to have a Security, or portion thereof, purchased pursuant to a Change of Control Offer will be required to surrender the Security, with the form entitled "Option of Holder to Elect Purchase" on the reverse of the Security completed, to the Paying Agent (which may not for purposes of this Section 11.1, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, be the Company or any Affiliate of the Company) at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business on the earlier of (a) the third Business Day prior to the Change of Control Payment Date and (b) the third Business Day following the expiration of the Change of Control Offer (such earlier date being the "Change of Control Put Date"); (vi) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election, in whole or in part, if the Paying Agent (which may not for purposes of this Section 11.1, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, be the Company or any Affiliate of the Company) receives, up to the close of business on the Change of Control Put Date, a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Securities the Holder is withdrawing and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such principal amount of Securities purchased; and (vii) a brief description of the events resulting in such Change of Control. Any such Change of Control Offer shall comply with all applicable provisions of Federal and state laws, including those regulating tender offers, if applicable, and any provisions of this Indenture which conflict with such laws shall be deemed to be superseded by the provisions of such laws. On or before the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company shall (i) accept for payment Securities or portions thereof properly tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer on or before the Change of Control Put Date, (ii) deposit with the Paying Agent Cash sufficient to pay the Change of Control Purchase Price for all Securities or portions thereof so tendered and (iii) deliver to the Registrar Securities so accepted together with an Officers' Cer- 104 tificate listing the aggregate principal amount of the Securities or portions thereof being purchased by the Company. The Paying Agent shall on the Change of Control Purchase Date or promptly thereafter mail to Holders of Securities so accepted payment in an amount equal to the Change of Control Purchase Price for such Securities, and the Trustee or its authenticating agent shall promptly authenticate and the Registrar shall mail or deliver (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to such Holders a new Security equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Security surrendered; provided, however, that each such new Security will be in a principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. Any Securities not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Company to the Holder thereof. The Company will publicly announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the consummation thereof. ARTICLE XII GUARANTY SECTION 12.1. GUARANTY. (a) In consideration of good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, each of the Guarantors hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees (the "Guaranty"), jointly and severally, to each Holder of a Security authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and its successors and assigns, irrespective of the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the Securities or the obligations of the Company under this Indenture or the Securities, that: (w) the principal and premium (if any) of and interest on the Securities will be paid in full when due, whether at the Maturity Date or Interest Payment Date, by acceleration, call for redemption, upon a Change of Control Offer, upon an Asset Sale Offer or otherwise; (x) all other obligations of the Company to the Holders or the Trustee under this Indenture or the Securities will be promptly paid in full or performed, all in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the Securities; and (y) in case of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any Securities or any of such other obligations, they will be paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at maturity, by acceleration, 105 call for redemption, upon a Change of Control Offer, upon an Asset Sale Offer or otherwise. Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed for whatever reason, each Guarantor shall be jointly and severally obligated to pay the same before failure so to pay becomes an Event of Default. If the Company or a Guarantor defaults in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, the Securities when and as the same shall become due, whether upon maturity, acceleration, call for redemption, upon a Change of Control Offer, upon an Asset Sale Offer or otherwise, without the necessity of action by the Trustee or any Holder, each Guarantor shall be required, jointly and severally, to promptly make such payment in full. (b) Each Guarantor hereby agrees that its obligations with regard to this Guaranty shall be unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Securities or this Indenture, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any delays in obtaining or realizing upon or failures to obtain or realize upon collateral, the recovery of any judgment against the Company, any action to enforce the same or any other circumstances that might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor (except as provided in Sections 12.4 and 12.5). Each Guarantor hereby waives diligence, presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a proceeding first against the Company or right to require the prior disposition of the assets of the Company to meet its obligations, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants that this Guaranty will not be discharged (except to the extent released pursuant to Section 12.4 or 12.5) except by complete performance of the obligations contained in the Securities and this Indenture. (c) If any Holder or the Trustee is required by any court or otherwise to return to either the Company or any Guarantor, or any Custodian, trustee, or similar official acting in relation to the Company or such Guarantor, any amount paid by either the Company or such Guarantor to the Trustee or such Holder, this Guaranty, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect (except to the extent released pursuant to Section 12.4 or 12.5). Each Guarantor agrees that it will not be entitled to any right of subrogation in relation to the Holders in respect of any obligations guaranteed hereby until payment in full of all obligations guaranteed hereby. 106 Each Guarantor further agrees that, as between such Guarantor, on the one hand, and the Holders and the Trustee, on the other hand, (i) the maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Section 6.2 for the purposes of this Guaranty, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration as to the Company of the obligations guaranteed hereby, and (ii) in the event of any declaration of acceleration of those obligations as provided in Section 6.2, those obligations (whether or not due and payable) will forthwith become due and payable by each of the Guarantors for the purpose of this Guaranty. (d) Each Guarantor and by its acceptance of a Security issued hereunder each Holder hereby confirms that it is the intention of all such parties that the guarantee by such Guarantor set forth in Section 12.1(a) not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purpose of any Bankruptcy Law, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar Federal or state law. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the Holders and such Guarantor hereby irrevocably agree that the obligations of such Guarantor under its guarantee set forth in Section 12.1(a) shall be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Guarantor and after giving effect to any collections from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Guarantor under its guarantee or pursuant to the following paragraph of this Section 12.1(d), result in the obligations of such Guarantor under such guarantee not constituting such a fraudulent transfer or conveyance. Each Guarantor that makes any payment or distribution under Section 12.1(a) shall be entitled to a contribution from each other Guarantor equal to its Pro Rata Portion of such payment or distribution. For purposes of the foregoing, the "Pro Rata Portion" of any Guarantor means the percentage of the net assets of all Guarantors held by such Guarantor, determined in accordance with GAAP. (e) It is the intention of each Guarantor and the Company that the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall be joint and several and in, but not in excess of, the maximum amount permitted by applicable law. Accordingly, if the obligations in respect of the Guaranty would be annulled, avoided or subordinated to the creditors 107 of any Guarantor by a court of competent jurisdiction in a proceeding actually pending before such court as a result of a determination both that such Guaranty was made without fair consideration and, immediately after giving effect thereto, such Guarantor was insolvent or unable to pay its debts as they mature or left with an unreasonably small capital, then the obligations of such Guarantor under such Guaranty shall be reduced by such court if and to the extent such reduction would result in the avoidance of such annulment, avoidance or subordination; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any reduction pursuant to this paragraph shall be made in the smallest amount as is strictly necessary to reach such result. For purposes of this paragraph, "fair consideration", "insolvency", "unable to pay its debts as they mature", "unreasonably small capital" and the effective times of reductions, if any, required by this paragraph shall be determined in accordance with applicable law. SECTION 12.2. EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF GUARANTY. Each Guarantor shall, by virtue of such Guarantor's execution and delivery of a Guarantee substantially in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit B, be deemed to have signed on each Security issued hereunder the notation of guarantee set forth on the form of the Securities attached hereto as Exhibit A to the same extent as if the signature of such Guarantor appeared on such Security. The delivery of any Security by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of the guaranty set forth in Section 12.1 on behalf of each Guarantor. The notation of a guaranty set forth on any Security shall be null and void and of no further effect with respect to the guaranty of any Guarantor which, pursuant to Section 12.4 or Section 12.5, is released from such guaranty. SECTION 12.3. SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS. (i) All present Subsidiaries of the Company and their Subsidiaries (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries), and (ii) all future Subsidiaries of the Company and their Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries), which are not prohibited from becoming guarantors by law or by the terms of any Acquired Indebtedness or any agreement (other than an agreement entered into in connection with the transaction resulting in such person becoming a Subsidiary of the Company or its Subsidiaries) to which such Subsidiary is a 108 party ("Future Subsidiary Guarantors"), jointly and severally, will guaranty irrevocably and unconditionally all principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities on a senior subordinated basis; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that upon any change in the law, Acquired Indebtedness or any agreement (whether by expiration, termination or otherwise) which no longer prohibits a Subsidiary of the Company from becoming a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Subsidiary shall immediately thereafter become a Subsidiary Guarantor; PROVIDED, FURTHER, in the event that any Subsidiary of the Company or their Subsidiaries becomes a guarantor of any other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their Subsidiaries, such Subsidiary shall immediately thereafter become a Subsidiary Guarantor. SECTION 12.4. GUARANTOR MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC., ON CERTAIN TERMS. (a) Nothing contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent any consolidation or merger of a Guarantor with or into the Company or any other Guarantor. Upon any such consolidation or merger, the guarantees (as set forth in Section 12.1) of the Guarantor which is not the survivor of the merger or consolidation, and of any Subsidiary of such Guarantor that is also a Guarantor, shall be released and shall no longer have any force or effect. (b) Nothing contained in this Indenture shall prevent any sale or conveyance of assets of any Guarantor (whether or not constituting all or substantially all of the assets of such Guarantor) to any Person, provided that the Company shall comply with the provisions of Section 4.14 and 4.17, and provided further that, in the event that all or substantially all of the assets of a Guarantor are sold or conveyed, the guarantees of such Guarantor (as set forth in Section 12.1) shall be released and shall no longer have any force or effect. (c) Except as provided in Section 12.4(a) or Section 12.5, each Guarantor shall not, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge with or into another Person, unless (i) either (a) the Guarantor is the continuing entity or (b) the resulting or surviving entity is a corporation organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of 109 the Guarantor in connection with the Securities and this Indenture; (ii) no Default or Event of Default would occur as a consequence of (after giving effect, on a PRO FORMA basis, to) such transaction; and (iii) the Guarantor has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation or merger and if a supplemental indenture is required, such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture and that all conditions precedent herein relating to such transaction have been satisfied. (d) Upon any consolidation or merger of a Guarantor in accordance with Section 12.4 hereof, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Guarantor is merged shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Guarantor under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation had been named herein as the Guarantor, and when a successor corporation duly assumes all of the obligations of the Guarantor pursuant hereto and pursuant to the Securities, the Guarantor shall be released from such obligations. SECTION 12.5. RELEASE OF GUARANTORS. (a) Without any further notice or action being required by any Person, any Guarantor, and each Subsidiary of such Guarantor that is also a Guarantor, shall be fully and conditionally released and discharged from all obligations under its guarantee and this Indenture, upon (i) the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets or properties of such Guarantor, or 50% or more of the Equity Interests of any such Guarantor to Persons other than the Company and their Subsidiaries or (ii) the consolidation or merger of any such Guarantor with any Person other than the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company, if, as a result of such consolidation or merger, Persons other than the Company and their Subsidiaries beneficially own more than 50% of the capital stock of such Guarantor, PROVIDED that, in either such case, the Net Cash Proceeds of such sale, disposition, merger or consolidation are applied in accordance with Section 4.14 of this Indenture; or (iii) a Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, as set forth in Article VIII. (b) The releases and discharges set forth in Section 12.5(a) shall be effective (i) in the case of re- 110 leases and discharges effected pursuant to clause (i) or (ii) of Section 12.5(a) by virtue of a sale, disposition, consolidation or merger, on the date of consummation thereof and (ii) in the case of releases and discharges effected pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 12.5(a), upon the date of Covenant Defeasance or Legal Defeasance, as applicable. At the written request of the Company, the Trustee shall promptly execute and deliver appropriate instruments in forms reasonably acceptable to the Company evidencing and further implementing any releases and discharges pursuant to the foregoing provisions. If the Company desires the instruments evidencing or implementing any releases or discharges to be executed prior to the effectiveness of such releases and discharges as set forth above, such instruments may be made conditional upon the occurrence of the events necessary to cause the effectiveness of such releases and discharges, as specified in the first sentence of this Section 12.5. (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Article XII, (i) any Guarantor whose guarantee would otherwise be released pursuant to the provisions of this Section 12.5 may elect, by written notice to the Trustee, to maintain such guarantee in effect notwithstanding the event or events that otherwise would cause the release of such guarantee (which election to maintain such guarantee in effect may be conditional or for a limited period of time), and (ii) any Subsidiary of the Company which is not a Guarantor may elect, by written notice to the Trustee, to become a Guarantor (which election may be conditional or for a limited period of time). SECTION 12.6. CERTAIN BANKRUPTCY EVENTS. Each Guarantor hereby covenants and agrees, to the fullest extent that it may do so under applicable law, that in the event of the insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, liquidation or reorganization of the Company, such Guarantor shall not file (or join in any filing of), or otherwise seek to participate in the filing of, any motion or request seeking to stay or to prohibit (even temporarily) execution on the Guaranty and hereby waives and agrees not to take the benefit of any such stay of execution, whether under Section 362 or 105 of the Bankruptcy Law or otherwise. 111 ARTICLE XIII MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 13.1. TIA CONTROLS. If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with the duties imposed by operation of the TIA, the imposed duties, upon qualification of this Indenture under the TIA, shall control. SECTION 13.2. NOTICES. Any notices or other communications to the Company or any Guarantor, Paying Agent, Registrar, Securities Custodian, transfer agent or the Trustee required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if made by hand delivery, by telex, by telecopier or registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, addressed as follows: if to the Company or any Guarantor: Jacor Communications Company 1300 PNC Center 201 East Fifth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 Attention: Treasurer Telephone: (513) 621-1300 Telecopy: (513) 621-6087 if to the Trustee: The Bank of New York Attention: Telephone: Telecopy: Any party by notice to each other party may designate additional or different addresses as shall be furnished in writing by such party. Any notice or communication to any party shall be deemed to have been given or made as of the date so delivered, if personally deliv- 112 ered; when answered back, if telexed; when receipt is acknowledged, if telecopied; and five Business Days after mailing if sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid (except that a notice of change of address shall not be deemed to have been given until actually received by the addressee). Any notice or communication mailed to a Securityholder shall be mailed to him by first class mail or other equivalent means at his address as it appears on the registration books of the Registrar and shall be sufficiently given to him if so mailed within the time prescribed. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders. If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it. SECTION 13.3. COMMUNICATIONS BY HOLDERS WITH OTHER HOLDERS. Securityholders may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Securityholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and any other Person shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c). SECTION 13.4. CERTIFICATE AND OPINION AS TO CONDITIONS PRECEDENT. Upon any request or application by the Company or any Guarantor to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, such Person shall furnish to the Trustee: (1) an Officers' Certificate (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been met; and (2) an Opinion of Counsel (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee), stating that, in the opinion of 113 such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been met; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in the case of any such request or application as to which the furnishing of particular documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished under this Section 13.4. SECTION 13.5. STATEMENTS REQUIRED IN CERTIFICATE OR OPINION. Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include: (1) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been met; and (4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of each such Person, such condition or covenant has been met; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that with respect to matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officers' Certificate or certificates of public officials. SECTION 13.6. RULES BY TRUSTEE, PAYING AGENT, REGISTRAR. The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Securityholders. The Paying Agent or Registrar may make reasonable rules for its functions. 114 SECTION 13.7. NON-BUSINESS DAYS. If a payment date is not a Business Day at such place, payment may be made at such place on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period. SECTION 13.8. GOVERNING LAW. THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, AS APPLIED TO CONTRACTS MADE AND PERFORMED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE GUARANTORS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY NEW YORK STATE COURT SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK OR ANY FEDERAL COURT SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK IN RESPECT OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES, AND IRREVOCABLY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE GUARANTORS IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT IT MAY EFFECTIVELY DO SO UNDER APPLICABLE LAW, ANY OBJECTION WHICH THEY MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF THE VENUE OF ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT AND ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF THE TRUSTEE OR ANY SECURITYHOLDER TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR TO COMMENCE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST THE COMPANY AND THE GUARANTORS IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION. SECTION 13.9. NO ADVERSE INTERPRETATION OF OTHER AGREEMENTS. This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture. 115 SECTION 13.10. NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS. No direct or indirect stockholder, partner, employee, officer or director, as such, past, present or future of the Company, the Guarantors or any successor entity, shall have any personal liability in respect of the obligations of the Company or the Guarantors under the Securities or this Indenture by reason of his or its status as such stockholder, partner, employee, officer or director. Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. Such waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. SECTION 13.11. SUCCESSORS. All agreements of the Company and the Guarantors in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor. SECTION 13.12. DUPLICATE ORIGINALS. All parties may sign any number of copies or counterparts of this Indenture. Each signed copy or counterpart shall be an original, but all of them together shall represent the same agreement. SECTION 13.13. SEVERABILITY. In case any one or more of the provisions in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, in any respect for any reason, the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, it being intended that all of the provisions hereof shall be enforceable to the full extent permitted by law. SECTION 13.14. TABLE OF CONTENTS, HEADINGS, ETC. The Table of Contents, Cross-Reference Table and headings of the Articles and the Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof and shall in 116 no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof. 117 SIGNATURES IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the date first written above. JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary PARENT GUARANTOR JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS: ACES HIGH PICTURES, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 118 BROADCAST FINANCE, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary CINE ARTISTS PICTURES CORP. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: ---------------- Secretary CINE FILMS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary CINE GUARANTORS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 119 CINE GUARANTORS II, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L N.V. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary CINE MOVIL S.A. DE C.V. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 120 CITICASTERS CO. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary ECHOES OF SUMMER CO., INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary FMI PENNSYLVANIA, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary GACC-N26LB, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 121 GACC-340, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING GROUP, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 122 GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary IMMOBILARIA RADIAL, S.A. DE C.V. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING CORP. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 123 JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 124 JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 125 JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 126 JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA BAY, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary JACOR CABLE, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 127 NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 128 NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 129 NOBRO, S.C. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary SETTLEMENT DEVELOPMENT, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 130 SPORTS RADIO, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary THE RIVER NIGER PICTURES, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, INC. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary 131 TURP CO. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary TO THE DEVIL A DAUGHTER PICTURE CORP. By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: --------------- Secretary VTTV PRODUCTIONS By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: Attest: ----------------- Secretary THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Trustee By: --------------------------------------------- Name: Title: 132 Exhibit A [FORM OF SECURITY] JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY ___% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTE DUE 2006 CUSIP: No. $ _________ Jacor Communications Company, a Florida corporation (hereinafter called the "Company" which term includes any successors under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to _______, or registered assigns, the principal sum of _____ Dollars, on _____, 2006. Interest Payment Dates: _____ and December 15; commencing ______, 1996. Record Dates: _____ and ______ Reference is made to the further provisions of this Security on the reverse side, which will, for all purposes, have the same effect as if set forth at this place. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal. Dated: Jacor Communications Company a Florida corporation By:________________________________________ Name: Title: Attest: __________________________ Secretary A-1 FORM OF TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION This is one of the Securities described in the within-mentioned Indenture. THE BANK OF NEW YORK as Trustee and Authenticating Agent By:______________________________ Authorized Signatory A-2 JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY ___% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTE DUE 2006 Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in definitive form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary. Unless this certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) ("DTC"), to the Company or their agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any certificate issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or such other name as requested by an authorized representative of DTC (and any payment is made to Cede & Co. or such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL inasmuch as the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co. , has an interest herein.(1) 1. INTEREST. Jacor Communications Company, a Florida corporation (hereinafter called the "Company," which term includes any successors under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Security at the rate of ___% per annum from the date of issuance until maturity. To the extent it is lawful, the Company promises to pay interest on any interest payment due but unpaid on such principal amount at a rate of ___% per annum compounded semi-annually. The Company will pay interest semi-annually on ____ 15 and _____ 15 of each year or, if any such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day (each, an "Interest Payment Date"), commencing ________, 1997. Interest on the Securities will accrue from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or, if no - -------------------------- 1. This paragraph should only be added if the Security is issued in global form. A-3 interest has been paid on the Securities, from the date of issuance. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. 2. METHOD OF PAYMENT. The Company shall pay interest on the Securities (except defaulted interest) to the Persons who are the registered Holders at the close of business on June 1 and December 1 immediately preceding the Interest Payment Date. Holders must surrender Securities to a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. Except as provided below, the Company shall pay principal and interest in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment shall be legal tender for payment of public and private debts ("Cash"). The Securities will be payable as to principal, premium and interest at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose within or without the City and State of New York or, at the option of the Company, payment of principal, premium and interest may be made by check mailed to the Holders at their addresses set forth in the register of Holders, and provided that payment by wire transfer of immediately available funds will be required with respect to principal of and interest and premium on all Global Securities and all other Securities the Holders of which shall have provided written wire transfer instructions to the Company or the Paying Agent at least five days prior to the date for payment. 3. PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR. Initially, The Bank of New York will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The Company may change any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar without notice to the Holders. The Company or any of its Subsidiaries may, subject to certain exceptions, act as Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar. 4. INDENTURE. The Company issued the Securities under an Indenture, dated as of December __, 1996 (the "Indenture"), among the Company, Jacor Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Parent Guarantor") and The Bank of New York (the "Trustee" which term includes any successor Trustee under the Indenture). Capitalized terms herein are used as defined in the Indenture unless otherwise defined herein. The A-4 terms of the Securities include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act, as in effect on the date of the Indenture. The Securities are subject to all such terms, and Holders of Securities are referred to the Indenture and said Act for a statement of them. The Securities are senior subordinated obligations of the Company limited in aggregate principal amount to $125,000,000. The Securities are, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Indenture, subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company, whether outstanding on the date of the Indenture or thereafter created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed. Each Holder of this Security, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be provided in the Indenture and (c) appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for such purpose. The Securities are guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by the Parent Guarantor and each of the Company's future Subsidiaries (the "Guarantors"). 5. REDEMPTION. The Securities may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time on or after ____ 15, 2001, at the option of the Company, at the Redemption Price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) set forth below with respect to the indicated Redemption Date, in each case (subject to the right of Holders of record on a Record Date that is on or prior to such Redemption Date to receive interest due on the Interest Payment Date to which such Record Date relates), plus any accrued but unpaid interest to the Redemption Date. The Securities may not be so redeemed prior to _____ 15, 2001. If redeemed during the 12-month period commencing Redemption Price -------------------- ---------------- 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 and thereafter. . . . . . . Any such redemption will comply with Article III of the Indenture. A-5 6. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. Notice of redemption will be sent by first class mail, at least 30 days and not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date to the Holder of each Security to be redeemed at such Holder's last address as then shown upon the registry books of the Registrar. Securities may be redeemed in part in multiples of $1,000 only. Except as set forth in the Indenture, from and after any Redemption Date, if monies for the redemption of the Securities called for redemption shall have been deposited with the Paying Agent on such Redemption Date and payment of the Securities called for redemption is not otherwise prohibited, the Securities called for redemption will cease to bear interest and the only right of the Holders of such Securities will be to receive payment of the Redemption Price. 7. DENOMINATIONS; TRANSFER; EXCHANGE. The Securities are in registered form, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000. A Holder may register the transfer of, or exchange Securities in accordance with, the Indenture. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the Indenture. The Registrar need not register the transfer of or exchange any Securities selected for redemption. 8. PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS. The registered Holder of a Security may be treated as the owner of it for all purposes. 9. UNCLAIMED MONEY. If money for the payment of principal or interest remains unclaimed for two years, the Trustee and the Paying Agent(s) will pay the money back to the Company at their written request. After that, all liability of the Trustee and such Paying Agent(s) with respect to such money shall cease. A-6 10. DISCHARGE PRIOR TO REDEMPTION OR MATURITY. Except as set forth in the Indenture, if the Company irrevocably deposits with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders, Cash, U.S. Government Obligations or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities to redemption or maturity and comply with the other provisions of the Indenture relating thereto, the Company will be discharged from certain provisions of the Indenture and the Securities (including the restrictive covenants described in paragraph 12 below, but excluding their obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Securities). Upon satisfaction of certain additional conditions set forth in the Indenture, the Company may elect to have its obligations discharged with respect to outstanding Securities. 11. AMENDMENT; SUPPLEMENT; WAIVER. Subject to certain exceptions, the Indenture or the Securities may be amended or supplemented with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding, and any existing Default or Event of Default or compliance with any provision may be waived with the consent of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding. An amendment, supplement or waiver with respect to Section 11.1 (Change of Control Offer) in a manner adverse to the Holders, requires not less than 75% of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding. Without notice to or consent of any Holder, the parties thereto may under certain circumstances amend or supplement the Indenture or the Securities to, among other things, cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, or make any other change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder of a Security. 12. RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS. The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company and the Guarantors to, among other things, incur additional Indebtedness and Disqualified Equity Interests, pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments, enter into certain transactions with Affiliates, incur Liens, sell assets, merge or consolidate A-7 with any other Person or transfer (by lease, assignment or otherwise) substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company. The limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must periodically report to the Trustee on compliance with such limitations. 13. REPURCHASE AT OPTION OF HOLDER. (a) If there is a Change of Control, the Company shall be required to offer to purchase on the Change of Control Purchase Date all outstanding Securities at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued interest to the Change of Control Purchase Date. Holders of Securities will receive a Change of Control Offer from the Company prior to any related Change of Control Purchase Date and may elect to have such Securities purchased by completing the form entitled "Option of Holder to Elect Purchase" appearing below. (b) The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company, the Guarantors or any of their respective Subsidiaries to sell assets. In the event the proceeds from a permitted Asset Sale exceed certain amounts, as specified in the Indenture, the Company will be required to use the proceeds of such Asset Sale in the manner required by the Indenture, including (i) to reinvest such proceeds in its business, (ii) to repay Senior Debt, (iii) to make an offer to purchase the Citicasters Securities, or (iv) to make an offer to purchase a certain amount of each Holder's Securities at 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued interest, if any, to the purchase date. 14. NOTATION OF GUARANTY. As set forth more fully in the Indenture, the Persons constituting Guarantors from time to time, in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture, unconditionally and jointly and severally guarantee, in accordance with Section 12.1 of the Indenture, to the Holder and to the Trustee and its successors and assigns, that (i) the principal of and interest on the Security will be paid, whether at the Maturity Date or Interest Payment Dates, by acceleration, call for redemption upon a Change of Control Offer, upon an Asset Sale Offer or otherwise, and all other obligations of the Company to the Holder or the Trustee under the Indenture or this Security will be promptly paid in full or A-8 performed, all in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and this Security, and (ii) in the case of any extension of payment or renewal of this Security or any of such other obligations, they will be paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of such extension or renewal, whether at the Maturity Date, as so extended, by acceleration, call for redemption, upon a Change of Control Offer, upon an Asset Sale Offer or otherwise. Such guarantees shall cease to apply, and shall be null and void, with respect to any Guarantor who, pursuant to Article XII of the Indenture, is released from its guarantees, or whose guarantees otherwise cease to be applicable pursuant to the terms of the Indenture. 15. SUCCESSORS. When a successor assumes all the obligations of its predecessor under the Securities and the Indenture, the predecessor will be released from those obligations. 16. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES. If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default relating to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization), then in every such case, unless the principal of all of the Securities shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of 25% in aggregate principal amount of Securities then outstanding may declare all the Securities to be due and payable immediately in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Holders of Securities may not enforce the Indenture or the Securities except as provided in the Indenture. The Trustee may require indemnity satisfactory to it before it enforces the Indenture or the Securities. Subject to certain limitations, Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding may direct the Trustee in its exercise of any trust or power. The Trustee may withhold from Holders of Securities notice of any continuing Default or Event of Default (except a Default in payment of principal or interest), if it determines that withholding notice is in their interest. 17. TRUSTEE OR AGENT DEALINGS WITH THE COMPANY. The Trustee and each Agent under the Indenture, in its individual or any other capacity, may make loans to, A-9 accept deposits from, and perform services for the Company or its Affiliates, and may otherwise deal with the Company or its Affiliates as if it were not the Trustee and such Agent. 18. NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS. No direct or indirect stockholder, partner, employee, officer or director, as such, past, present or future, of the Company, the Guarantors or any successor entity shall have any personal liability in respect of the obligations of the Company or the Guarantors under the Securities or the Indenture by reason of his or its status as such stockholder, partner, employee, officer or director. Each Holder of a Security by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. 19. AUTHENTICATION. This Security shall not be valid until the Trustee or authenticating agent signs the certificate of authentication on the other side of this Security. 20. ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINED TERMS. Customary abbreviations may be used in the name of a Holder of a Security or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (= tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian), and U/G/M/A (= Uniform Gifts to Minors Act). 21. CUSIP NUMBERS. Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Company will cause CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Securities as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon. A-10 22. ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES. The Company will furnish to any Holder upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture. Requests may be made to: Jacor Communications Company 1300 PNC Center 201 East Fifth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 Attn: Corporate Secretary A-11 FORM OF ASSIGNMENT I or we assign this Security to __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ (Print or type name, address and zip code of assignee) Please insert Social Security or other identifying number of assignee _________________________ and irrevocably appoint __________ agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him. Dated: __________ Signed: ______________________________ __________________________________________________________ (Sign exactly as name appears on the other side of this Security) Signature Guaranty* - --------------------- * NOTICE: The Signature must be guaranteed by an Institution which is a member of one of the following recognized signature Guarantee Programs: (I) The Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP); (ii) The New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MNSP); (iii) The Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP) or (iv) in such other guarantee program acceptable to be Trustee. A-12 OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE If you want to elect to have this Security purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 4.14 or Article XI of the Indenture, check the appropriate box: / / Section 4.14 / /Section 11.1 If you want to elect to have only part of this Security purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 4.14 or Article XI of the Indenture, as the case may be, state the amount you want to be purchased: $________ Date: ________________ Signature: ________________________ (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Security) Signature Guaranty** - --------------------- ** NOTICE: The Signature must be guaranteed by an Institution which is a member of one of the following recognized signature Guarantee Programs: (I) The Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP); (ii) The New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MNSP); (iii) The Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP) or (iv) in such other guarantee program acceptable to be Trustee. A-13 SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF DEFINITIVE SECURITIES*** The following exchanges of a part of this Global Security for Definitive Securities have been made:
Amount of Amount of Principal Amount Signature of decrease in increase in of this Global authorized officer Principal Amount Principal Amount Security following of Trustee or Date of of this Global of this Global such decrease (or Securities Exchange Security Security increase) Custodian - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------- *** This schedule should only be added if the Security is issued in global form. A-14 CERTIFICATE TO BE DELIVERED UPON EXCHANGE OR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF SECURITIES Re: % SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006 OF JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY This Certificate relates to $______ principal amount of Securities held in (check applicable box) _____ book-entry or ______ definitive form by _____ (the "Transferor"). The Transferor (check applicable box): / / has requested the Registrar by written order to deliver in exchange for its beneficial interest in the Global Security held by the Depositary a Security or Securities in definitive, registered form of authorized denominations and an aggregate principal amount equal to its beneficial interest in such Global Security (or the portion thereof indicated above); or / / has requested the Registrar by written order to exchange or register the transfer of a Security or Securities. ____________________________________ [INSERT NAME OF TRANSFEROR] By: ________________________________ Date: _________________________________ A-15 Annex I SELECTED DEFINITIONS AND SECTIONS FROM THE CITICASTERS INDENTURE "AFFILIATE" means, with respect to any specified Person, and other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling", "controlled by" and "under common control with") of any Person means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise. "APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS" means collectively the Purchase Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, this Indenture and the Citicasters Securities. "APPLICABLE PREMIUM" means, with respect to any Note called for redemption by Citicasters after a Change of Control, the greater of (i) 1.0% of the then outstanding principal amount of such Note, and (ii) the total, if greater than zero, of (A) the present value of all required interest and principal payments due on such Note, computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate plus 75 basis points, minus (B) the then outstanding principal amount of such Note, minus (C) any accrued and unpaid interest paid on such Note on the Redemption Date. "ASSET SALE" by any Person means any transfer, conveyance, sale, lease or other disposition by such Person or any of its Subsidiaries (including a consolidation or merger or other sale of any such Subsidiaries with, into or to another Person in a transaction in which such Subsidiary ceases to be a Subsidiary, but excluding a disposition by a Subsidiary of such Person to such Person or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of such Person) of (i) shares of Capital Stock (other than directors' qualifying shares) or other ownership interests of a Subsidiary of such Person, (ii) substantially all of the assets of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) other assets or rights of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries, whether owned on the date of this Indenture or thereafter acquired, in one or more related transactions. The term "Asset Sale" shall not include (i) any Permitted Annex - 1 Disposition or (ii) any sale or issuance by Citicasters of Qualified Capital Stock of Citicasters. "BANK AGENT CONSENT" means, with respect to any Asset Sale Payment (as defined in the Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer), the written consent of the Representative or Representatives of holders of at least a majority in outstanding principal amount of Indebtedness under the Bank Credit Agreements (including unused commitments which, if funded, would constitute Senior Bank Debt) delivered by such Representative or Representatives to Citicasters, with a copy to the Trustee, prior to such Asset Sale Payment, pursuant to which such Representative or Representatives consent to such Asset Sale Payment and, consequently, the related permanent reduction (in the amount of such Asset Sale Payment) of the amount of Designated Senior Debt available to be Incurred pursuant to Section 4.7(c)(i). As of the Issue Date, The First National Bank of Boston would be the Representative entitled to give the Bank Agent Consent. "BANK CREDIT AGREEMENTS" means (i) the Loan Agreement, dated as of August 20, 1993, and amended and restated as of November 30, 1993, among the Company, Citicasters Co. (formerly known as Great American Broadcasting Company), Continental Bank, N.A., and The First National Bank of Boston, as managing agents, and the lenders party thereto (such Loan Agreement shall be referred to herein as the "1993 Credit Agreement"), (ii) the loan documents relating to a $25,000,000 Senior Secured Seven-Year Revolving Credit and a $125,000,000 Senior Secured Seven-Year Reducing Revolver under which Citicasters Co. is the borrower, Citicasters Corp. and the Company are Guarantors, The First National Bank of Boston is the Administrative Agent and Continental Bank, N.A. is the Collateral Agent (such facilities shall be referred to herein as the "New Bank Credit Facility"), (iii) each instrument pursuant to which Obligations under the Bank Credit Agreements described in (i) and (ii) above, or any subsequent Bank Credit Agreements, are amended, deferred, extended, renewed, replaced, refunded or refinanced, in whole or in part, and (iv) each instrument now or hereafter evidencing, governing, guarantying or securing any Indebtedness under any Bank Credit Agreements, in each case, as modified, amended, restated or supplemented from time to time. Annex - 2 "BANKRUPTCY LAW" means Title 11, United States Code or any similar Federal or State law for the relief of debtors. "BOARD OF DIRECTORS" means, with respect to any Person, the Board of Directors of such Person or any committee of the Board of Directors of such Person duly authorized, with respect to any particular matter, to exercise the power of the Board of Directors of such Person. "BOARD RESOLUTION" means, with respect to any Person, a duly adopted resolution of the Board of Directors of such Person. "BROADCASTING STATION" means all related licenses, franchises and permits issued under federal, state or local laws from time to time which authorize a Person to receive or distribute, or both, over the airwaves, audio, visual, or microwave signals within a geographic area for the purpose of providing commercial broadcasting television or radio, together with all Property owned or used in connection with the programming PROVIDED pursuant to, and all interest of such Person to receive revenues from any other Person which derives revenues from or pursuant to, said licenses, franchises and permits. "CAPITAL EXPENDITURE" means any amount paid in connection with the purchase or construction of any assets acquired (other than from an Affiliate) or constructed after the date hereof (a) to the extent the purchase or construction prices for such assets are or should be included in "addition to property, plant or equipment" in accordance with GAAP and (b) if the acquisition or construction of such assets is not part of any acquisition of a Person. "CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATION" of any Person means the obligation to pay rent or other payment amounts under a lease of (or other Indebtedness arrangements conveying the right to use) real or personal property of such Person which is required to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease or a liability on the face of a balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP. The stated maturity of such obligation shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be terminated by the lessee without payment of a penalty. Capital Lease Obligations shall not include payments due under any Film Contracts. Annex - 3 "CAPITAL STOCK" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights, participations, each class of common stock and preferred stock of such Person and/or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock or equity participations, including each class of common stock and preferred stock of such Person and partnership interests, whether general or limited, of such Person. . "CASH EQUIVALENTS" means: (1) marketable obligations issued or unconditionally guaranteed by the United States government, in each case maturing within 360 days after the date of acquisition thereof; (2) marketable direct obligations issued by any state of the United States or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof maturing within 360 days after the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having the highest rating obtainable from either Standard & Poor's Corporation or Moody's Investors Service, Inc.; (3) commercial paper maturing no more than 360 days after the date of acquisition thereof, issued by a corporation organized under the laws of any state of the United States or of the District of Columbia and, at the time of acquisition, having a rating in one of the two highest rating categories obtainable from either Standard & Poor's Corporation or Moody's Investors Service, Inc.; (4) money market funds whose investments are made solely in securities described in clause (1) maturing within one (1) year after the date of acquisition thereof; (5) certificates of deposit maturing within 360 days after the date of acquisition thereof, issued by any commercial bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System that has capital, surplus and undivided profits (as shown on its most recent statement of condition) aggregating not less than $100,000,000 and Annex - 4 is rated A or better by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor's Corporation; and (6) repurchase agreements entered into with any commercial bank of the nature referred to in clause (5), secured by a fully perfected Lien in any obligation of the type described in any of clauses (1) through (5), having a fair market value at the time such repurchase agreement is entered into of not less than 100% of the repurchase obligation thereunder of such commercial bank. "CITICASTERS ASSET SALE REPURCHASE AMOUNT" means the sum of (A) Cumulative Operating Cash Flow (as defined herein) of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries less 1.4 times Cumulative Total Interest Expense of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries, plus (B) an amount equal to 100% of the aggregate Qualified Capital Stock Proceeds received by Citicasters from the issuance and sale (other than to a Subsidiary of Citicasters) of Qualified Capital Stock to the extent that such proceeds are not used to redeem, repurchase, return or otherwise acquire Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of Citicasters or any Subsidiary pursuant to clause (ii) of the immediately following paragraph and (C) $5,000,000, less the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments (excluding all payments, investments, redemptions, repurchase, retirements and other acquisitions described in clause (ii) of the immediately following paragraph) declared or made after February 18, 1994. Notwithstanding the foregoing definition, the following Restricted Payments may be made: (i) the payment of any dividend within 60 days after the date of declaration thereof, if at said date of declaration such payment would have complied with the provisions of this Indenture; (ii) the redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition for value of any Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of Citicasters or any Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of the Qualified Capital Stock Proceeds of, the substantially concurrent sale (other than to Citicasters or a Subsidiary of Citicasters) of Qualified Capital Stock of Citicasters; and (iii) the redemption of Citicasters Securities under the circumstances PROVIDED in Article 3 and in Sections 11.2 and 4.14 of this Indenture. Annex - 5 "CITICASTERS SECURITIES ASSET SALE OFFER" means an offer to purchase the Citicasters Securities in accordance with the following procedures: (a) Citicasters will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to make any Asset Sale, whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, unless: (i) Citicasters or the applicable Subsidiary receives consideration at the time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value of the Property or securities sold or otherwise disposed of (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of Citicasters evidenced by a Board Resolution); (ii) at least 75% of such consideration is in the form of cash; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the following shall be deemed to be cash for purposes of this definition: (A) the amount of any liabilities (as shown on Citicasters' or such Subsidiary's most recent balance sheet or in the notes thereto) of Citicasters or such Subsidiary (other than liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the Citicasters Securities) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets, and (B) any notes or other obligations received by Citicasters or any such Subsidiary from a transferee that are converted by Citicasters or such Subsidiary into cash within six months of such Asset Sale; PROVIDED FURTHER, that the 75% limitation referred to in clause (ii) above shall not apply (AA) to any sale, transfer or other disposition of assets constituting one or more Broadcasting Stations in which the cash portion of such consideration received therefor, determined in accordance with the foregoing proviso, is equal to or greater than what the after-tax net proceeds would have been had such transaction complied with the aforementioned 75% limitation or (BB) to a so-called "like-kind" exchange of assets, so long as (1) the assets so received consist principally of cash or Cash Equivalents, the assumption of liabilities and the acquisition of assets to be used for or in connection with the business of owning and operating Broadcasting Stations, and (2) at the time of and after giving effect to such exchange, and treating any Indebtedness Incurred as a result of such exchange as having been Incurred at the time of such exchange, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and Citicasters could Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to Section 4.7(b); PROVIDED YET FURTHER that the 75% limitation referred to in clause (ii) above shall be deemed to have been satisfied if (AAA) at the date of the Asset Sale and after giving effect thereto, Sec- Annex - 6 tion 4.5(a) would permit Citicasters to make a Restricted Payment in an amount equal to the difference between the actual cash consideration received by Citicasters or the applicable Subsidiary with respect to such Asset Sale and 75% of the fair market value of the Property or securities sold or otherwise disposed of in such Asset Sale (determined as provided above) and (BBB) Citicasters treats the receipt of non-cash consideration in an amount equal to the amount set forth in the foregoing clause (AAA) as a Restricted Payment under Section 4.5(a), whether or not such receipt would otherwise be classified as an Investment or a Permitted Investment; and (iii) the Excess Proceeds received by Citicasters or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, from such Asset Sale are applied in accordance with this definition. (b) The Company shall use the Excess Proceeds from New World Station Sales (i) first to repay amounts outstanding under the 1993 Credit Agreement that is a part of the Bank Credit Agreements and the WGHP Notes and (ii) then to redeem $75,000,000 principal amount of Notes at a redemption price of $976.75 per $1,000 principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest through the date of redemption. The mandatory redemption of Notes described in the foregoing clause (ii) shall be made in accordance with the applicable provisions of Article 3 hereof and the Redemption Date with respect to the full $75,000,000 principal amount of Notes to be redeemed shall be no later than the 15th day after the date on which an aggregate of $230,000,000 of Excess Proceeds (calculated for purposes of this Section 4.13(b) without regard to the deduction described in clause (iv) of the definition of "Excess Proceeds") from the New World Station Sales have been received by the Company, it being understood that the Company may Incur Indebtedness under the New Bank Credit Facility in an amount up to $75,000,000 to fund such redemption so long as the total amount of Designated Senior Debt outstanding after giving effect to such redemption and any related transactions does not exceed $150,000,000. Following the application of the New World Station Sale Excess Proceeds as set forth above, any additional Excess Proceeds from any New World Station Sale may be used to further reduce Senior Indebtedness, to make Related Business Investment or Capital Expenditures on one or more of the Company's or its Subsidiaries' Broadcasting Stations, to acquire one or more Broadcasting Stations or to make a Television Station Sale Payment as permitted by Section 4.13(d). The Company shall use the Excess Proceeds Annex - 7 from the Other Television Station Sales to reduce Designated Senior Debt, either permanently or temporarily to make Related Business Investments or Capital Expenditures on one or more of the Company's or its Subsidiaries' Broadcasting Stations, to acquire one or more Broadcasting Stations or, to make a Television Station Sale Payment as permitted by paragraph (d) hereof. (c) Immediately following receipt by the Company of Excess Proceeds from an Asset Sale, other than a Permitted Television Station Sale, the Company may use such Excess Proceeds to temporarily reduce Designated Senior Debt. Within 360 days following the Company's receipt of such Excess Proceeds, such Excess Proceeds may (i) be applied to permanently reduce Designated Senior Debt, (ii) be used to enter into a contract to make Related Business Investments or Capital Expenditures on one or more of the Company's or its Subsidiaries' Broadcasting Stations or to enter into a contract to acquire one or more Broadcasting Stations, or (iii) be used to make a payment permitted by Section 4.13(e), which payment shall be counted as a permanent reduction of the amount of Designated Senior Debt available to be Incurred pursuant to Section 4.7(c)(i). Any Excess Proceeds from an Asset Sale not applied or invested within 360 days as provided in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) hereof will be deemed to constitute "Available Proceeds" and shall be applied as provided in paragraph (f) hereof unless the Company gives notice to the Trustee within 10 days following such 360 day period that Excess Proceeds previously used to temporarily reduce Designated Senior Debt will be applied to permanently reduce Designated Senior Debt in which case such Excess Proceeds shall not constitute Available Proceeds. (d) The Company may use up to $40,000,000 of the Excess Proceeds from the New World Station Sales, following application of such Excess Proceeds as set forth in paragraph (b) hereof, and up to the lesser of 25% of Excess Proceeds or $40,000,000 from any Other Television Station Sale to pay dividends on the Company's Capital Stock or redeem, repurchase or retire shares of the Company's Capital Stock or warrants, rights or options to purchase or acquire shares of the Company's Capital Stock (any such dividend, redemption, repurchase or retirement out of Excess Proceeds from any Permitted Television Station Sales is herein referred to as a "Television Station Sale Payment"), subject to the conditions and limitations set forth in this para- Annex - 8 graph (d). A Television Station Sale Payment may be made by the Company only if, and to the extent that, each of the following conditions is satisfied as of the time of the proposed Television Station Sale Payment: (i) the Company shall have obtained a Bank Agent Consent if required; and (ii) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of such sale or as a consequence of such Television Station Sale Payment. (e) Citicasters may use a portion of the Excess Proceeds from an Asset Sale which is not a Permitted Television Sale to pay dividends on its Capital Stock or redeem, repurchase or retire shares of its Capital Stock or warrants, rights or options to purchase or acquire shares of its Capital Stock (any such dividend, redemption, repurchase or retirement out of Excess Proceeds from a single Asset Sale an "Asset Sale Payment"), subject to the conditions and limitations set forth in this paragraph (c). An Asset Sale Payment may be made by Citicasters only if, and to the extent that, each of the following conditions is satisfied as of the time of the proposed Asset Sale Payment (the "Determination Time"): (i) Citicasters shall have obtained a Bank Agent Consent; (ii) such Asset Sale Payment (as well as all prior Asset Sale Payments, if any) shall be counted as a permanent reduction of the amount of Designated Senior Debt available to be Incurred pursuant to Section 4.7(c)(i); (iii) the Determination Time occurs on or prior to December 31, 1996; (iv) only two Asset Sale Payments will be permitted under this definition; (v) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the Determination Time or as a consequence of such Asset Sale Payment; and (vi) after giving effect to (A) the application of any Excess Proceeds from the applicable Asset Sale in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (c) above prior to the Determination Time, (B) any Asset Sale Redemption of Citicasters Securities pursuant to Section 3.7(c) out of any Excess Proceeds from the applicable Asset Sale, (C) any Asset Sale Payment out of any Excess Proceeds from the applicable Asset Sale and (D) the payment of the maximum amount of Television Station Sale payments which Citicasters may make pursuant to paragraph (d) hereof regardless of whether any Permitted Television Station Sales have in fact been made as of the Determination Time, the ratio set forth below is equal to (but not more or less than) 4.5:1. Annex - 9 D-X ______________ OCF + [(.065)(REP-X-Y)] where: D = the aggregate amount of all outstanding Indebtedness of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis as of the Determination Time, without giving effect to the Asset Sale Redemption (if any) represented by "X" in the formula. X = the principal amount of Citicasters Securities (if any) to be redeemed in an Asset Sale Redemption pursuant to Section 3.7(c) out of Excess Proceeds from the applicable Asset Sale in order to satisfy the conditions set forth in this paragraph (c). OCF = the Operating Cash Flow of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for the four most recent full fiscal quarters ending immediately prior to the Determination Time, determined on a pro forma basis after giving effect to (i) the applicable Asset Sale and any other Asset Sales consummated during such four-quarter period as if they had occurred at the beginning of such four-quarter period and (ii) all acquisitions or other dispositions (whether by merger, consolidation, purchase or sale of securities or assets or otherwise) of any business or assets, made by Citicasters and its Subsidiaries from the beginning of such four-quarter period through the Determination Time as if such acquisition or disposition had occurred at the beginning of such four-quarter period. REP = the total amount of Excess Proceeds from the applicable Asset Sale remaining after deducting therefrom all portions thereof applied prior to the Determination Time pursuant to this definition, but without giving effect to the Asset Sale Redemption (if any) represented by "X" in the formula or to the Asset Sale Payment represented by "Y" in the formula. Y = the amount of the proposed Asset Sale Payment to be made at the Determination Time pursuant to this paragraph (d). Annex - 10 (f) As soon as practicable, but in no event later than 10 Business Days after any date (an "Asset Sale Trigger Date") that the aggregate amount of Available Proceeds exceeds $15,000,000, Citicasters shall, if and to the extent permitted by the agreements governing any Senior Indebtedness of Citicasters, subject to the provisions of Article 10, commence an offer to purchase the maximum principal amount of Citicasters Securities that may be purchased out of such Available Proceeds, at an offer price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of purchase. The Asset Sale Offer shall be effected in accordance with Section 3.8 and Article 3 (to the extent applicable) and the provisions of this definition. To the extent that any Available Proceeds remain after completion of an Asset Sale Offer, Citicasters may use the remaining amount for any purpose permitted by this Indenture, but not, unless otherwise permitted by Section 4.5, to offer to repurchase or otherwise redeem, repurchase, retire or acquire for value any Pari Passu Indebtedness or Subordinated Indebtedness. In the event that Citicasters is prohibited under the terms of any agreement governing outstanding Senior Indebtedness of Citicasters from repurchasing Citicasters Securities with Available Proceeds pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer as required by the first sentence of this paragraph (d), Citicasters shall promptly use all Available Proceeds to permanently reduce outstanding Senior Indebtedness of Citicasters. (g) If, at any time, any funds are received by or for the account of Citicasters or any of its Subsidiaries upon the sale, conversion, collection or other liquidation of any non-cash consideration received in respect of an Asset Sale, other than the Permitted Television Station Sales such funds shall, when received, constitute Excess Proceeds and shall, within 360 days after the receipt of such funds be applied as provided in this definition. "CUMULATIVE OPERATING CASH FLOW" means the Operating Cash Flow of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries for the period beginning January 1, 1994, through and including the end of the most recently ended fiscal quarter (taken as one accounting period) preceding the date of any proposed Restricted Payment. "CUMULATIVE TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE" means the Total Interest Expense of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries Annex - 11 for the period beginning January 1, 1994, through and including the end of the most recently ended fiscal quarter (taken as one accounting period) preceding the date of any proposed Restricted Payment. "CUSTODIAN" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. "DESIGNATED SENIOR DEBT" means: (a) up to an aggregate maximum of $150,000,000 principal amount of any combination of (i) Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements and (ii) Senior Indebtedness (without duplication with clause (i) above), outstanding at any one time; provided, however, that such maximum amount shall be decreased by (A) the aggregate amount of Asset Sale Payments made by the Company, PROVIDED that a reduction described in this clause (A) that would otherwise be caused by a particular Asset Sale Payment will not be effective without a Bank Agent Consent with respect to such Asset Sale Payment if the effect of such reduction would be to reduce the amount of Designated Senior Debt available to be Incurred pursuant to Section 4.7(c)(i) to an amount lower than the amount of Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements as of the applicable Determination Time (including unused commitments which the Bank Lenders are unconditionally obligated to fund at the Determination Time and which, if funded, would constitute Designated Senior Debt) and (B) the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds from Asset Sales applied to permanently reduce Designated Senior Debt pursuant to paragraphs (b) and (c) under the Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer; and (b) any interest, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other similar charges (including, but not limited to, all fees and expenses of counsel and all other charges, fees and expenses) payable under the Bank Credit Agreements. "EXCESS PROCEEDS" means with respect to any Asset Sale by any Person, the proceeds thereof in the form of cash (including any cash received by way of deferred payment pursuant to, or amortization of, a note or installment receivable or otherwise, but only if, as and when received, and cash received upon sale of securities or other Property or assets received as consideration with respect to such Asset Sale, except to the extent that any of the foregoing are financed or sold with recourse to Citicasters or any Subsidiary) net of (i) brokerage commissions and other Annex - 12 reasonable fees and expenses (including fees and expenses of counsel and investment bankers) related to such Asset Sale, (ii) provisions for all taxes payable as a result of such Asset Sale, (iii) payments made to retire Senior Indebtedness where such payments are required by the instrument governing such Indebtedness, (iv) amounts required to be paid to any Person (other than Citicasters or any Subsidiary) owning a beneficial interest in the Property or assets the subject of such Asset Sale and (v) appropriate amounts to be provided by Citicasters or any Subsidiary, as the case may be, as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities associated with such Asset Sale and retained by Citicasters or any Subsidiary, as the case may be, after such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, pension and other post-employment benefit liabilities, liabilities related to environmental matters and liabilities under any indemnification obligations associated with such Asset Sale, all as reflected in an Officers' Certificate delivered to the Trustee. "INVESTMENT" by any Person in any other Person means any investment by such Person in such other Person, whether by a purchase of assets, in any transaction or series of related transactions, individually or in the aggregate, purchase of Capital Stock, capital contribution, loan, advance (other than reasonable loans and advances to employees for moving and travel expenses, as salary advances, and other similar customary expenses incurred, in each case in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice) or similar credit extension constituting Indebtedness of such other Person, and any Guarantee of Indebtedness of such other Person. "NEW WORLD STATION SALE" means Asset Sales involving the sale of four television stations currently owned by Citicasters or its Subsidiaries located in Phoenix, Arizona, Birmingham, Alabama, Kansas City, Missouri and Greensboro/High Point, North Carolina pursuant to the terms of that certain Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of May 4, 1994 between Citicasters Co. (formerly known as Great American Television and Radio Company, Inc.) and New World Communications Group Incorporated as the same is in effect on August 22, 1994 or as the same may be amended or modified; provided that such amendment or modification does not decrease the consideration payable to the Company or have materially adverse effect on the Holders. Annex - 13 "OTHER TELEVISION STATION SALES" means Asset Sales Involving the sale at any time and from time to time of two television stations owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries in Tampa, Florida and Cincinnati, Ohio. "PARI PASSU INDEBTEDNESS" means any Indebtedness of Citicasters whether outstanding at the Issue Date or Incurred thereafter, which (a) ranks pari passu with the Citicasters Securities and (b) by its terms, or by the terms of any agreement or instrument pursuant to which such Indebtedness is Incurred, (i) does not provide for payments of principal of such Indebtedness at the final stated maturity thereof or by way of a sinking fund applicable thereto or by way of any mandatory redemption, retirement or repurchase thereof by Citicasters (including any redemption, retirement or repurchase which is contingent upon events or circumstances, but excluding any retirement required by virtue of acceleration of such Indebtedness upon an event of default thereunder), in each case prior to the final stated maturity of the Citicasters Securities and (ii) does not permit redemption or other retirement (including pursuant to an offer to purchase made by the issuer) of such other Indebtedness at the option of the holder thereof prior to the final stated maturity of the Citicasters Securities, other than a redemption or other retirement at the option of the holder of such Indebtedness (including pursuant to an offer to purchase made by the Issuer) which is conditioned upon the change of control of Citicasters pursuant to provisions substantially similar to those contained in Section 11.1 of this Indenture. "PERMITTED INVESTMENT" by any Person means (i) any Related Business Investment, (ii) Investments in securities or other Property not constituting cash or Cash Equivalents and received in connection with an Asset Sale, to the extent permitted by the definition of Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer, or any other disposition of assets not constituting an Asset Sale, (iii) cash and Cash Equivalents, (iv) Investments existing on the Issue Date, (v) Investments by any Subsidiary in other Subsidiaries, (vi) Investments by Citicasters in any of its Subsidiaries required by any instrument or agreement governing Senior Indebtedness to the extent that such Investments consist of (A) performance under Guarantees Incurred by Citicasters in compliance with this Indenture with respect to Indebtedness of its Subsidiaries not Incurred in violation of this Indenture or (B) Liens securing Citicasters's Obligations with respect to Annex - 14 any Guarantee described in the foregoing clause (A), (vii) Investments in the form of accounts receivable arising from sales of goods or services in the ordinary course of business, PROVIDED that for any accounts receivable that are more than 120 days overdue, appropriate reserves or allowances have been established in accordance with GAAP and (viii) Investments in the form of advances or prepayments to suppliers or employees in the ordinary course of business. "PERMITTED TELEVISION STATION SALES" means the New World Station Sales and the Other Television Station Sale. "PROPERTY" means all types of real, personal, tangible, intangible or mixed property. "RELATED BUSINESS INVESTMENTS" means (i) any Investment by a Person in any other Person substantially all of whose revenues are derived from the operation of one or more Broadcasting Stations or from the sale of advertising time or the delivery, transmission or dissemination of entertainment or information to public viewers or subscribers, so long that, as a result of such Investment, (A) such Person becomes a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary, or (B) such Person either (1) is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into Citicasters or one of its Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries and Citicasters or such Wholly-Owned Subsidiary is the surviving Person, or (2) transfers or conveys substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, Citicasters or one of its Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries; (ii) the acquisition of all or substantially all the assets of any Broadcasting Station; and (iii) any Capital Expenditure or Investment, in each case reasonably related to the business of selling advertising time or delivering, transmitting or disseminating entertainment or information to public viewers or subscribers. "RESTRICTED PAYMENT" means, with respect to any Person, without duplication: (i) any dividend or other distribution, whether in cash or in Property or securities, declared or paid on any shares of such Person's Capital Stock (other than (A) in the case of Citicasters, dividends or distributions payable solely in shares of Qualified Capital Stock of Citicasters or options, warrants or other rights to acquire Qualified Capital Stock of Citicasters and (B) any dividends, distributions or other payments made to Citicasters or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary by a Subsidiary), or the making by such Person or any of its subsidiaries of Annex - 15 any other distribution in respect of, such Person's Capital Stock or any warrants, rights or options to purchase or acquire shares of any class of such Capital Stock (other than exchangeable or convertible Indebtedness of such person); (ii) the redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition for value by such Person or any of its subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, of such person's Capital Stock (and, in the case of a Subsidiary, Capital Stock of Citicasters) other than Capital Stock owned by Citicasters or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary or any warrants, rights or options to purchase or acquire shares of any class of such Capital Stock (other than exchangeable or convertible Indebtedness of such Person), and other than, in the case of Citicasters, through the issuance in exchange therefor solely of Qualified Capital Stock of Citicasters; (iii) any payment to purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Pari Passu Indebtedness or Subordinated Indebtedness (other than with the proceeds of Refinancing Indebtedness permitted under this Indenture), except in accordance with the mandatory redemption or repayment provisions set forth in the original documentation governing such Indebtedness, and (iv) any Investment other than Permitted Investments. "SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS" means and includes all principal of, premium and interest (including Post-Petition Interest) on and other Obligations with respect to (i) Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements and (ii) any other Indebtedness of Citicasters (other than as otherwise provided in this definition), whether outstanding on the Issue Date or thereafter Incurred, other than the Citicasters Securities; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the following shall not constitute Senior Indebtedness: (A) any Indebtedness which by the terms of the instrument creating or evidencing the same is PARI PASSU, subordinated or junior in right of payment to the Citicasters Securities in any respect, (B) that portion of any Indebtedness Incurred in violation of this Indenture, (C) any Preferred Stock, or (D) any Indebtedness of Citicasters (other than Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements which qualifies as Designated Senior Debt) which is subordinated to or junior in right of payment in any respect to any other Indebtedness of Citicasters. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, "Senior Indebtedness" shall include the principal of, premium, if any, and interest (including Post-Petition Interest) and all other Obligations of every nature of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries from time to time in re- Annex - 16 spect of Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements which qualifies as Designated Senior Debt; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any Indebtedness under any refinancing, refunding or replacement of the Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements shall not constitute Senior Indebtedness to the extent that the Indebtedness thereunder is by it express terms subordinate to any other Indebtedness of Citicasters (other than Indebtedness outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreements). Notwithstanding the foregoing, "Senior Indebtedness" shall not include (1) Indebtedness evidenced by Citicasters Securities, (2) Indebtedness which when incurred and without respect to any election under Section 1111(b) of Title 11, United States Code, is without recourse to Citicasters, (3) any liability for foreign, federal, state, local or other taxes owed or owing by Citicasters, (4) Indebtedness of Citicasters to the extent such liability constitutes Indebtedness to a Subsidiary or any other Affiliate of Citicasters or any of such Affiliate's subsidiaries, (5) Indebtedness for the purchase of goods or materials in the ordinary course of business or (6) Indebtedness owed by Citicasters for compensation to employees or for services. "SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY" means, with respect to any Person, any Subsidiary of such Person that would be (i) a "significant subsidiary" as defined in (a) or (b) of the definition of that term in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation is in effect on the Issue Date or (ii) material to the business, condition (financial or other), business, operations or prospects of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. "SUBORDINATED INDEBTEDNESS" means Indebtedness of Citicasters which is subordinated or junior in right of payment to the Citicasters Securities. "SUBSIDIARY" means any corporation, association, partnership, joint venture or other business entity of which Citicasters and/or any Subsidiary of Citicasters, directly or indirectly, either (a) in respect of a corporation, owns or controls more than 50% of the outstanding Capital Stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar managing body, irrespective of whether or not a class or classes shall or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency, or (b) in respect of an association, partnership, joint venture Annex - 17 or other business entity, exercises sufficient control over and/or has a sufficiently large interest in, such association, partnership, joint venture or other business entity that the operations thereof are, in accordance with GAAP, consolidated with those of Citicasters or any Subsidiary. "TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE" of a Person means (i) the total amount of interest expense (including amortization of original issue discount and noncash interest payments or accruals and the interest component of any Capital Lease Obligations but, excluding any intercompany interest owed by any Subsidiary to any other Subsidiary of such Person), (ii) all fees, commissions, discounts and other charges of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries with respect to letters of credit and bankers' acceptances, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP and (iii) the product of (a) the total amount of dividends declared on Disqualified Capital Stock other than common stock (whether accrued or paid) of such Person and its consolidated Subsidiaries, times (b) a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is one minus the then current combined federal, state and local statutory tax rate of such Person, expressed as a decimal, in each case, on a consolidated basis and in accordance with GAAP. "WHOLLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARY" means a Subsidiary 100% of the equity interests in which (however measured) are owned by Citicasters or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of Citicasters or Citicasters and one or more Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries of Citicasters taken together, except in any case for the minimum equity interest required to be held by directors, if any, to satisfy the requirements of any applicable statute requiring that directors own qualifying shares. Annex - 18 ARTICLE III REDEMPTIONS AND OFFERS TO PURCHASE SECTION 3.1. NOTICES TO TRUSTEE. If Citicasters elects to redeem Citicasters Securities pursuant to Section 3.7 it shall furnish to the Trustee, at least 10 but not more than 15 days before notice of any redemption is to be mailed to Holders (or such shorter time as may be satisfactory to the Trustee), an Officers' Certificate stating that Citicasters has elected to redeem Citicasters Securities pursuant to Section 3.7, the date notice of redemption is to be mailed to Holders, the Redemption Date, the aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities to be redeemed, the Redemption Price for such Citicasters Securities, the amount of accrued and unpaid interest on such Citicasters Securities as of the Redemption Date and the manner in which Citicasters Securities are to be selected for redemption if less than all outstanding Citicasters Securities are to be redeemed. If the Trustee is not the Registrar, Citicasters shall, concurrently with delivery of its notice to the Trustee of a redemption, cause the Registrar to deliver to the Trustee a certificate (upon which the Trustee may rely) setting forth the name of, and the aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities held by each Holder. If Citicasters is required to offer to purchase Citicasters Securities pursuant to Section 4.12 or 4.13, it shall furnish to the Trustee, at least 5 Business Days before notice of the Offer is to be mailed to Holders, an Officers' Certificate setting forth that the Offer is being made pursuant to Section 4.12 or 4.13, as the case may be, the Purchase Date, the maximum principal amount of Citicasters Securities Citicasters is offering to purchase pursuant to the Offer, the purchase price for such Citicasters Securities, and the amount of accrued and unpaid interest on such Citicasters Securities as of the Purchase Date. Citicasters will also provide the Trustee with any additional information that the Trustee reasonably requests in connection with any redemption or Offer. Annex - 19 SECTION 3.2. SELECTION OF CITICASTERS SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED OR PURCHASED. If less than all outstanding Citicasters Securities are to be redeemed or if less than all Citicasters Securities tendered pursuant to an Offer are to be accepted for payment, Citicasters shall select the outstanding Citicasters Securities to be redeemed or accepted for payment in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Citicasters Securities are listed or, if the Citicasters Securities are not listed on a securities exchange, on a pro rata basis, by lot or by any other method that the Trustee deems fair and appropriate; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if any Additional Citicasters Securities are outstanding, such selection shall be effected in such a manner as to ensure that the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of the Initial Citicasters Securities and the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of Additional Citicasters Securities, respectively, to the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the Initial Citicasters Securities and Additional Citicasters Securities prior to such selection is equal to such ratios after such selection. If Citicasters elects to mail notice of a redemption to Holders, the Trustee shall, at least 5 days prior to the date notice of redemption is to be mailed, (i) select the Citicasters Securities to be redeemed from Citicasters Securities outstanding not previously called for redemption, and (ii) promptly notify Citicasters of the names of each Holder of Citicasters Securities selected for redemption, the principal amount of Citicasters Securities held by each such Holder and the principal amount of such Holder's Citicasters Securities that are to be redeemed. If less than all Citicasters Securities tendered pursuant to an Offer are to be accepted for payment, the Trustee shall select on or prior to the Purchase Date for such Offer the Citicasters Securities to be accepted for payment; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if any Additional Citicasters Securities are outstanding, such selection shall be effected in such a manner as to ensure that the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of the Initial Citicasters Securities and the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of Additional Citicasters Securities, respectively, to the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the Initial Citicasters Securities and Additional Citicasters Securities prior to such selection is equal to such ratios after such selection. The Trustee shall select for redemption or purchase Citicasters Securities or por- Annex - 20 tions of Citicasters Securities in principal amounts of $1,000 or integral multiples of $1,000; except that if all of the Citicasters Securities of a Holder are selected for redemption or purchase, the aggregate principal amount of the Citicasters Securities held by such Holder, even if not a multiple of $1,000, may be redeemed or purchased. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, provisions of this Indenture that apply to Citicasters Securities called for redemption or tendered pursuant to an Offer also apply to portions of Citicasters Securities called for redemption or tendered pursuant to an Offer. SECTION 3.3. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. (a) At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before any Redemption Date, Citicasters shall mail by first class mail to each such Holder's registered address a notice of redemption to each Holder of Citicasters Securities or portions thereof that are to be redeemed. With respect to any redemption of Citicasters Securities, the notice shall identify the Citicasters Securities or portions thereof to be redeemed and shall state: (1) the Redemption Date; (2) the Redemption Price for the Citicasters Securities and the amount of unpaid and accrued interest on such Citicasters Securities as of the date of redemption; (3) if any Note is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Note to be redeemed and that, after the Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or Citicasters Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion will be issued; (4) the name and address of the Paying Agent; (5) that Citicasters Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the Redemption Price for, and any accrued and unpaid interest on, such Citicasters Securities; (6) that, unless Citicasters defaults in making such redemption payment, interest on Citicasters Securities called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Citicasters Securities is to receive payment of the Redemption Price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Citicasters Securities redeemed; and (7) if fewer than all the Citicasters Securities are to be redeemed, the identification of the particular Citicasters Securities (or portion thereof) to be redeemed, as well as the aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities to be redeemed and the aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities to be outstanding after such partial redemption. Annex - 21 (b) At Citicasters's request, the Trustee shall (at Citicasters's expense) give the notice of any redemption to Holders; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Citicasters shall deliver to the Trustee, at least 10 days prior to the date that notice of the redemption is to be mailed to Holders, an Officers' Certificate that (i) requests the Trustee to give notice of the redemption to Holders, (ii) sets forth the information to be provided to Holders in the notice of redemption, as set forth in the preceding paragraph, and (iii) sets forth the aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities to be redeemed and the amount of accrued and unpaid interest thereon as of the redemption date. If the Trustee is not the Registrar, Citicasters shall, concurrently with any such request, cause the Registrar to deliver to the Trustee a certificate (upon which the Trustee may rely) setting forth the name of, the address of, and the aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities held by, each Holder; PROVIDED FURTHER that any such Officers' Certificate may be delivered to the Trustee on a date later than permitted under this Section 3.3(b) if such later date is acceptable to the Trustee. SECTION 3.4. EFFECT OF NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. Once notice of redemption is mailed to the Holders, Citicasters Securities called for redemption become due and payable on the Redemption Date at the Redemption Price. Upon surrender to the Trustee or the Paying Agent, the Citicasters Securities called for redemption shall be paid at the Redemption Price. SECTION 3.5. DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE. (a) On or prior to any Redemption Date, Citicasters shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and accrued interest on, all Citicasters Securities to be redeemed on that date. After any Redemption Date, the Trustee or the Paying Agent shall promptly return to Citicasters any money that Citicasters deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the Redemption Price of, and accrued interest on, all Citicasters Securities to be redeemed. (b) If Citicasters complies with the preceding paragraph, unless Citicasters defaults in the payment of such Redemption Price interest on the Citicasters Securities Annex - 22 to be redeemed will cease to accrue on such Citicasters Securities on the applicable Redemption Date, whether or not such Citicasters Securities are presented for payment. If a Note is redeemed on or after an interest record date but on or prior to the related interest payment date, then any accrued and unpaid interest shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Note was registered at the close of business on such record date. If any Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption because of the failure of Citicasters to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest will be paid on the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and interest from the redemption date until such principal, premium and interest is paid, at the rate of interest provided in the Citicasters Securities and Section 4.1. SECTION 3.6. CITICASTERS SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART. Upon surrender of a Note that is redeemed in part, Citicasters shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder at Citicasters's expense a new Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Note surrendered. SECTION 3.7. OPTIONAL REDEMPTION. (a) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 3.7 or in paragraph (b) of the Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer with respect to the New World Station Sale, the Citicasters Securities may not be redeemed at the option of Citicasters prior to February 15, 1999. Thereafter, the Citicasters Securities will be subject to redemption at the option of Citicasters, in whole or in part, at the Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount of the Citicasters Securities) set forth below, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on February 15 of the years indicated below: Year Percentage ---- ---------- 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.875% 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.250% 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.625% 2002 and thereafter. . . . . . . . . . . . 100.000% Annex - 23 Notwithstanding the foregoing, up to 25% in aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities originally issued under this Indenture will be redeemable from time to time prior to December 31, 1996, at the option of Citicasters, from the Net Proceeds of one or more Public Offerings of Citicasters at a Redemption Price equal to 108.75% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption; provided, however, that any such redemption shall be permitted only if and to the extent that, after giving effect thereto and to any simultaneous redemptions pursuant to Section 3.7(b) or Section 3.7(c), at least $75,000,000 in principal amount of Initial Citicasters Securities will remain outstanding. (b) Prior to February 15, 1999, the Citicasters Securities will be subject to redemption (a "Change of Control Redemption") at the option of Citicasters, in whole or in part, at any tune within 180 days after the later of (i) a Change of Control Trigger Date, and (ii) the completion of an Offer made as a result of a Change of Control, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (A) the principal amount thereof, plus (B) accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, plus (C) the Applicable Premium; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that a Change of Control Redemption shall be permitted only if and to the extent that, after giving effect thereto and to any simultaneous redemptions pursuant to the last sentence of Section 3.7(a) or Section 3.7(c), at least $75,000,000 in principal amount of Citicasters Securities will remain outstanding, unless such Change of Control Redemption is for all outstanding Citicasters Securities. (c) Prior to December 31, 1996 the Citicasters Securities will be subject to redemption (an "Asset Sale Redemption") at the option of Citicasters, in whole or in part, following an Asset Sale, other than a Permitted Television Station Sale, in connection with an Asset Sale Payment; provided that an Asset Sale Redemption may be made by Citicasters only if, and to the extent that, each of the following conditions is satisfied; (i) only two Asset Sale Redemptions will be permitted under this Indenture; (ii) the maximum aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities to be redeemed pursuant to an Asset Sale Redemption will be limited to that amount which is necessary to make the ratio set forth in paragraph (c) under the definition of Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer, Annex - 24 given the amount of the proposed Asset Sale Payment, equal to (but not more or less than) 4.5:1; and (iii) after giving effect to the proposed Asset Sale Redemption and to any simultaneous redemptions pursuant to the last sentence of Section 3.7(a) or Section 3.7(b), at least $75,000,000 in principal amount of Initial Citicasters Securities will remain outstanding. In the event of an Asset Sale Redemption, the Citicasters Securities will be redeemable at the Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount of the Citicasters Securities) set forth below, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, if redeemed during the periods indicated below. Period Percentage ------ ---------- February 15, 1994 to July 31, 1994 . . . . . 102.00% August 1, 1994 to February 14, 1995 . . . . 103.00% February 15, 1995 to December 31, 1996 . . . 108.75% SECTION 3.8. MANDATORY OFFERS. (a) Within 60 days after any Change of Control Trigger Date, or within 10 Business Days after any Asset Sale Trigger Date, Citicasters shall mail a notice to each Holder (with a copy to the Trustee) containing all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Citicasters Securities pursuant to the Offer and stating: (1) that an Offer is being made pursuant to a Change of Control Offer or pursuant to the definition of Citicasters Securities Asset Sale Offer, as the case may be, the length of time the Offer shall remain open, and the maximum aggregate principal amount of Citicasters Securities that Citicasters is required to purchase pursuant to such Offer (2) the purchase price for the Citicasters Securities, the amount of accrued and unpaid interest on such Citicasters Securities as of the purchase date, and the purchase date (which shall be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 40 days from the date such notice is mailed (the "Purchase Date"); (3) that any Note not tendered will continue to accrue interest if interest is then accruing; (4) that, unless Citicasters fails to deposit with the Paying Agent on the Purchase Date an amount sufficient to purchase all Citicasters Securities accepted for payment, interest shall cease to accrue on such Citicasters Securities after the Purchase Date; (5) that Holders electing to tender any Note or portion thereof will be required to surrender their Note, with a form entitled "Option of Holder to Elect Pur- Annex - 25 chase" completed, to the Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business on the Business Day preceding the Purchase Date, PROVIDED that Holders electing to tender only a portion of any Note must tender a principal amount of $1,000 or integral multiples thereof; (6) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election to tender Citicasters Securities if the Paying Agent receives, not later than the close of business on the second Business Day preceding the Purchase Date, a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of Citicasters Securities delivered for purchase, and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Note purchased; (7) that Holders whose Citicasters Securities are accepted for payment in part will be issued new Citicasters Securities equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of Citicasters Securities surrendered, PROVIDED that only Citicasters Securities in a principal amount of $1,000 or integral multiples thereof will be accepted for payment in part and (8) if the Offer is made with respect to a Change of Control, the circumstances and relevant facts regarding such Change of Control. (b) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 3.8 to the contrary, Citicasters shall not be required to commence an Offer as a result of a Change of Control if, within thirty (30) days of the Change of Control Trigger Date, Citicasters notifies the Holders that all outstanding Citicasters Securities will be redeemed pursuant to a Change of Control Redemption. (c) Subject to the provisions of Article 10, on the Purchase Date for any Offer, Citicasters will (i) in the case of an Offer resulting from a Change of Control, accept for payment all Citicasters Securities or portions thereof tendered pursuant to such Offer and, in the case of an Offer resulting from one or more Asset Sales, accept for payment the maximum principal amount of Citicasters Securities or portions thereof tendered pursuant to such Offer that can be purchased out of Excess Proceeds from such Asset Sales, (ii) deposit with the Paying Agent the aggregate purchase price of all Citicasters Securities or portions thereof accepted for payment and any accrued and unpaid interest on such Citicasters Securities as of the Purchase Date, and (iii) deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Trustee all Citicasters Securities tendered pursuant to the Offer, together with an Officers' Certificate setting forth Annex - 26 the name of each Holder of the tendered Citicasters Securities and the principal amount of the Citicasters Securities or portions thereof tendered by each such Holder. For purposes of this Section 3.8, the Trustee shall act as the Paying Agent. (d) With respect to any Offer, (i) if less than all of the Citicasters Securities tendered pursuant to an Offer are to be accepted for payment by Citicasters for any reason, Citicasters and the Trustee shall select on or prior to the Purchase Date the Citicasters Securities or portions thereof to be accepted for payment pursuant to Section 3.2; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if any Additional Citicasters Securities are outstanding, such selection shall be effected in such a manner as to ensure that the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of the Initial Citicasters Securities and the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of Additional Citicasters Securities, respectively, to the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the Initial Citicasters Securities and Additional Citicasters Securities prior to such selection is equal to such ratios after such selection, and (ii) if Citicasters deposits with the Paying Agent on or prior to the Purchase Date an amount sufficient to purchase all Citicasters Securities accepted for payment, interest shall cease to accrue on such Citicasters Securities on the Purchase Date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if Citicasters fails to deposit an amount sufficient to purchase all Citicasters Securities -accepted for payment, the deposited funds shall be used to purchase on a pro rata basis all Citicasters Securities accepted for payment and interest shall continue to accrue on all Citicasters Securities not purchased. (e) Subject to the provisions of Article 10, promptly after the Purchase Date with respect to an Offer, (i) the Paying Agent shall mail to each Holder of Citicasters Securities or portions thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the purchase price for, plus any accrued and unpaid interest on, such Citicasters Securities, (ii) with respect to any tendered Note not accepted for payment in whole or in part, the Trustee shall return such Note to the Holder thereof, and (iii) with respect to any Note accepted for payment in part, the Trustee shall authenticate and mail to each such Holder a new Note equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the tendered Note. Annex - 27 (f) Citicasters will (i) publicly announce the results of the Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Purchase Date, and (ii) comply with Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable to any Offer. ARTICLE IV SELECTED COVENANTS * * * SECTION 4.5. LIMITATION ON RESTRICTED PAYMENTS. (a) Citicasters shall not, and shall not permit any Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, make any Restricted Payment, except (1) dividends, payments or other distributions with respect of any Capital Stock by any Subsidiary to Citicasters or any Wholly owned Subsidiary of Citicasters, (2) repurchases, redemptions, retirements or acquisitions of Capital Stock by a Wholly owned Subsidiary of Citicasters from Citicasters or another Wholly owned Subsidiary of Citicasters, (3) payments, prepayments, repurchases, redemptions and acquisitions permitted under Section 4.7 with respect to Indebtedness not incurred in violation of Section, 4.7, and (4) Restricted Payments by Citicasters if (i) at the time of and after giving effect to the proposed Restricted Payment no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof, (ii) at the time of and immediately after giving effect to the proposed Restricted Payment, Citicasters could Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to Section 4.7(b) and (iii) at the time of and immediately after giving effect to the proposed Restricted Payment (the value of any such payment if other than cash, as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and evidenced by a Board Resolution, PROVIDED that in the event such value exceeds $3 million such determination shall be supported by a fairness opinion of an Independent Financial Advisor) the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments (excluding all payments, investments, redemptions, repurchases, retirements and other acquisitions described in clause (ii) of Section 4.5(b)) declared or made after the Issue Date does not exceed an amount equal to the sum of (A) Cumulative Operating Cash Flow of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries less 1.4 times Annex - 28 Cumulative Total Interest Expense of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries, plus (B) an amount equal to 100% of the aggregate Qualified Capital Stock Proceeds received by Citicasters from the issuance and sale (other than to a Subsidiary of Citicasters) of Qualified Capital Stock to the extent that such proceeds are not used to redeem, repurchase, return or otherwise acquire Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of Citicasters or any Subsidiary pursuant to clause (ii) of Section 4.5(b) and (C) $5,000,000. (b) Notwithstanding Section 4.5(a), the following Restricted Payments may be made: (i) the payment of any dividend within 60 days after the date of declaration thereof, if at said date of declaration such payment would have complied with the provisions of this Indenture; (ii) the redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition for value of any Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of Citicasters or any Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of the Qualified Capital Stock Proceeds of, the substantially concurrent sale (other than to Citicasters or a Subsidiary of Citicasters) of Qualified Capital Stock of Citicasters; and (iii) the redemption of Citicasters Securities under the circumstances provided in Article 3 and pursuant to a Change of Control Offer and a Citicaster Securities Asset Sale Offer. * * * SECTION 4.7. LIMITATION ON INDEBTEDNESS. (a) Except as set forth in this Section 4.7, Citicasters shall not, and shall not permit any Subsidiary, after the Issue Date, directly or indirectly, to Incur any Indebtedness (including Acquired Indebtedness and under any Additional Note). For purposes of this Indenture, Indebtedness of any Acquired Person that is not a Subsidiary, which Indebtedness is outstanding at the time such Person is acquired by Citicasters or a Subsidiary or becomes, or is merged into or consolidated with, a Subsidiary, shall be deemed to have been Incurred by Citicasters at the time such Acquired Person becomes, or is merged into or consolidated with, a Subsidiary. (b) Notwithstanding Section 4.7(a) and in addition to Indebtedness permitted to be Incurred under Section 4.7(c), Citicasters (subject to the limitations set forth in Section 4.15) or any Subsidiary may Incur Indebted- Annex - 29 ness if (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time or as a consequence of the Incurrence of such Indebtedness and (ii) on the date of the Incurrence of such Indebtedness, the Debt to Operating Cash Flow Ratio of Citicasters and its Subsidiaries at the time of such Incurrence, after giving pro forma effect thereto, is 7.0:1 or less. (c) Notwithstanding Section 4.7(a) and in addition to Indebtedness permitted to be Incurred under Section 4.7(b), Citicasters and its Subsidiaries may Incur any of the following Indebtedness: (i) Designated Senior Debt; (ii) Indebtedness evidenced by the Initial Citicasters Securities; (iii) Indebtedness to any Wholly owned Subsidiary of Citicasters or Indebtedness of any Subsidiary to Citicasters (provided that such Indebtedness is at all times held by Citicasters or a Wholly owned Subsidiary of Citicasters); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that for purposes of this Section 4.7, upon either (A) the transfer or other disposition by any such Wholly owned Subsidiary of any Indebtedness so permitted to a Person other than Citicasters or another Wholly owned Subsidiary of Citicasters or (B) the issuance, sale, lease, transfer or other disposition of shares of Capital Stock (including by consolidation or merger) of such Wholly owned Subsidiary to a Person other than Citicasters or another such Wholly owned Subsidiary, the provisions of this clause (iii) shall no longer be applicable to such Indebtedness and such Indebtedness shall be deemed to have been Incurred by Citicasters at the time of such transfer or other disposition; (iv) Refinancing Indebtedness with respect to Indebtedness that was Incurred prior to the Issue Date or, if incurred after the Issue Date, was Incurred in compliance with the provisions of this Indenture; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (A) the principal amount of such Refinancing Indebtedness shall not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, in the case of Indebtedness issued at a discount) of the Indebtedness so extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, substituted, defeased or refunded (plus the amount of Annex - 30 fees, costs and expenses incurred and the amount of any premium, penalties, breakage costs and other similar amounts required to be paid in connection with such refinancing pursuant to the terms of the instrument governing the Indebtedness so extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, substituted, defeased or refunded or the amount of any premium reasonably determined by Citicasters as necessary to accomplish a refinancing by means of a tender offer or privately negotiated repurchase, which determination shall be supported by a fairness opinion from an Independent Financial Advisor, plus the fees, costs and expenses of such tender offer or repurchase); and (B) the Refinancing Indebtedness shall (1) have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, substituted, defeased or refunded; (2) not have a final scheduled maturity earlier than the final scheduled maturity of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, replaced, renewed, substituted, defeased or refunded; (3) not permit redemption at the option of the holder earlier than the earliest date of redemption at the option of the holder of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, replaced, renewed, substituted, defeased or refunded; and (4) rank no more senior or be at least as subordinated, as the case may be, in right of payment to the Citicasters Securities as the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, replaced, renewed, substituted, defeased or refunded; PROVIDED, FURTHER, that the limitations contained in this clause (iv) shall not preclude Citicasters or any of its Subsidiaries from Incurring additional Indebtedness permitted to be Incurred at the time under Section 4.7(b) or any other clause of this Section 4.7(c), notwithstanding that such additional Indebtedness would fall within the definition of "Refinancing Indebtedness"; (v) With respect to Citicasters, Guarantees of obligations under existing Investments in The Theme Park Partnership, an Australian partnership, up to an aggregate amount not exceeding 4,033,125 Dollars (Australian); (vi) Indebtedness with respect to Interest Rate or Currency Protection Agreements; and Annex - 31 (vii) Indebtedness not otherwise permitted to be Incurred pursuant to clauses (i) through (vi) above which, together with any other outstanding Indebtedness Incurred pursuant to this clause (vii), has an aggregate principal amount not in excess of $25,000,000 at any one time outstanding (plus Obligations for related payments for early termination, interest, fees, expenses and indemnities and other similar amounts payable thereunder or in connection therewith). * * * ARTICLE VI DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES SECTION 6.1. EVENTS OF DEFAULT (a) Each of the following constitutes an "Event of Default": (i) default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on any Citicasters Securities (whether or not prohibited by the subordination provisions of this Indenture); (ii) default in the payment when due, whether at maturity,upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise, of principal on any Citicasters Securities (whether or not prohibited by the subordination provisions of this Indenture); (iii) failure by Citicasters for 30 days after receipt of notice from the Trustee or Holders of at least 25% of the principal amount of the outstanding Citicasters Securities to comply with any other provisions of this Indenture or any Citicasters Securities; (iv) default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be Incurred or by which there may be secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by Citicasters or any of its Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is guaranteed by Citicasters or any of its Subsidiaries) whether such Indebtedness now exists, or is created after the Issue Date if (A) such default results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its express maturity or shall constitute a default in the payment of such Indebtedness at final maturity of such Indebtedness, and (B) the principal amount of any such Indebtedness that has been accelerated or not paid at maturity, when added to the aggregate principal amount of all other such Indebtedness that has been accelerated or not paid at maturity, exceeds $10,000,000; (v) failure by Citicasters or any of its Significant Subsidiaries to pay final judgments, the uninsured portion of which exceeds Annex - 32 $10,000,000, which judgments are not paid, discharged, bonded or stayed for a period of 60 days after the date of entry thereof, (vi) if under any Bankruptcy Law, (A) Citicasters or any Significant Subsidiary commences a voluntary case, consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or (B) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree, and such order or decree remains unstated and in effect for 60 days, that is for relief against Citicasters or any Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case, appoints a Custodian of Citicasters or any Significant Subsidiary, or orders the liquidation of Citicasters or any Significant Subsidiary; and (vii) any of the Applicable Documents shall cease, for any reason, to be in full force and effect in any material respect, except as a result of an amendment, waiver or termination thereof as contemplated or permitted hereby or Citicasters shall so assert in writing. Annex - 33
EX-5.1 4 EXHIBIT 5.1 - OPINION OF COUNSEL EXHIBIT 5.1 [GRAYDON, HEAD & RITCHEY LETTERHEAD] December 12, 1996 Jacor Communications, Inc. 1300 PNC Center 201 East Fifth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 Re: Offering of $150,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 by Jacor Communications Company Pursuant to Registration Statement on Form S-3, File No. 333-16469, Filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ---------------------------------------------------------- Ladies and Gentlemen: We have acted as counsel to Jacor Communications, Inc. ("Company"), a Delaware corporation, Jacor Communications Company, a Florida corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("JCC") and the Subsidiary Guarantors (as defined in the Registration Statement) in connection with the offering by JCC of its $150,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 (the "Notes"), as fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors on a senior subordinated basis (the "Guarantees"), all of which Notes are being sold by JCC as set forth on the Form S-3 Registration Statement, File No. 333-16469, as amended, as filed by JCC, the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors with the Securities and Exchange Commission. As counsel for the Company, JCC and the Subsidiary Guarantors we have made such legal and factual examinations and inquiries as we deem advisable for the purpose of rendering this opinion. In addition, we have examined such documents and materials, including the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, the Company's Bylaws, as amended, JCC's Articles of Incorporation, JCC's Bylaws, the Subsidiary Guarantors' Articles or Certificates of Incorporation, the Subsidiary Guarantors' Bylaws or Codes of Regulations, and other corporate records of the Company, JCC and the Subsidiary Guarantors, as we have deemed necessary for the purpose of this opinion. On the basis of the foregoing, we express the following opinions: (i) the Notes, when authenticated in accordance with the terms of the indenture (the "Indenture") to be entered into among JCC, the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors and The Bank of New York, as trustee, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to Jacor Communications, Inc. December 12, 1996 Page 2 the Registration Statement, and delivered and paid for as contemplated by the Registration Statement, will constitute a valid and binding obligation of JCC, enforceable against JCC in accordance with its terms and entitled to the benefits of the Indenture, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under any usury laws may be unenforceable; and (ii) the Guarantees, when issued by the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors upon the authentication and delivery of the Notes, will constitute a valid and binding obligation of the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, enforceable against the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights and remedies generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity) and except to the extent that a waiver of rights under any usury laws may be unenforceable. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as part of the above-referenced Registration Statement and amendments thereto and to the reference to our firm in both the preliminary and final Prospectus under the caption "Legal Matters." Very truly yours, GRAYDON, HEAD & RITCHEY By: /s/ Richard G. Schmalzl ___________________________________ Richard G. Schmalzl EX-23.1 5 EXHIBIT 23.1 - CONSENT EXHIBIT 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS We consent to the incorporation by reference in this registration statement of Jacor Communications, Inc. on Form S-3 (File No. 333-16469) of our report dated February 12, 1996, except for Note 14, as to which the date is March 13, 1996, on our audits of the consolidated financial statements of Jacor Communications, Inc. as of December 31, 1995 and 1994 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995. We also consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts." COOPERS & LYBRAND L.L.P. Cincinnati, Ohio December 11, 1996 EX-23.2 6 EXHIBIT 23.2 - CONSENT EXHIBIT 23.2 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement (Form S-3, Registration No. 333-16469) and related Prospectus of Jacor Communications, Inc. for the registration of $150.0 million of its % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 and to the incorporation by reference of our report dated February 23, 1996, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Citicasters Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 1995, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. ERNST & YOUNG LLP Cincinnati, Ohio December 11, 1996 EX-23.3 7 EXHIBIT 23.3 - CONSENT EXHIBIT 23.3 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Prospectus constituting part of this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Jacor Communications, Inc. of our report dated March 21, 1996 relating to the consolidated financial statements of Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. (which report includes an explanatory paragraph regarding Jacor Communications, Inc.'s agreement to purchase Noble Broadcast Group, Inc.) which appears on page 3 of Jacor Communications, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 6, 1996, as amended on May 23, 1996. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in such Prospectus. PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP San Diego, California December 11, 1996 EX-24.2 8 EXH.24.2 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that John W. Alexander hereby constitutes and appoints R. Christopher Weber and Jon M. Berry, or either of them, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 (and to any Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the foregoing, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed on December 12, 1996 by John W. Alexander in the capacity and for the entity indicated. /s/ John W. Alexander -------------------------------- John W. Alexander DIRECTOR of Jacor Communications, Inc. EX-24.3 9 EXH.24.3 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that Marc Lasry hereby constitutes and appoints R. Christopher Weber and Jon M. Berry, or either of them, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 (and to any Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the foregoing, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed on December 10, 1996 by Marc Lasry in the capacity and for the entity indicated. /s/ Marc Lasry ------------------------------------ Marc Lasry DIRECTOR of Jacor Communications, Inc. EX-24.5 10 EXH.24.5 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that Randy Michaels hereby constitutes and appoints R. Christopher Weber and Jon M. Berry, or either of them, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 (and to any Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the foregoing, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed on December 12, 1996 by Randy Michaels in the capacities and for the entities indicated. /s/ Randy Michaels ------------------------------------------- Randy Michaels PRESIDENT of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 1 and DIRECTOR of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 2 SCHEDULE 1 Jacor Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast Finance, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc. Jacor Cable, Inc. Georgia Network Equipment, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc. Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V. Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc. Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc. Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc. Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc. Nova Marketing Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc. Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc. Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc. Nobro, S.C. Sports Radio, Inc. Noble Broadcast Center, Inc. Citicasters Co. GACC-N26LB, Inc. GACC-340, Inc. Cine Guarantors, Inc. Great American Television Productions, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Inc. Great American Merchandising Group, Inc. Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc. Cine Films, Inc. The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc. Location Productions, Inc. Location Productions II, Inc. VTTV Productions WHOK, Inc. Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V. Cine Movil S.A. de C.V. F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Ltd. SCHEDULE 2 Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc. Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V. Nobro, S.C. EX-24.6 11 EXH.24.6 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that Jon M. Berry hereby constitutes and appoints R. Christopher Weber as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 (and to any Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the foregoing, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed on December 12, 1996 by Jon M. Berry in the capacities and for the entities indicated. /s/ Jon M. Berry ------------------------------------------ Jon M. Berry SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND TREASURER of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 1, SECRETARY of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 2 and DIRECTOR of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 3 SCHEDULE 1 Jacor Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast Finance, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc. Jacor Cable, Inc. Georgia Network Equipment, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc. Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc. Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc. Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc. Nova Marketing Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc. Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc. Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc. Sports Radio, Inc. Noble Broadcast Center, Inc. Citicasters Co. GACC-N26LB, Inc. GACC-340, Inc. Cine Guarantors, Inc. Great American Television Productions, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Inc. Great American Merchandising Group, Inc. Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc. Cine Films, Inc. The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc. Location Productions, Inc. Location Productions II, Inc. VTTV Productions WHOK, Inc. Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V. Cine Movil S.A. de C.V. F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Ltd. SCHEDULE 2 Jacor Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast Finance, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc. Jacor Cable, Inc. Georgia Network Equipment, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc. Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V. Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc. Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc. Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc. Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc. Nova Marketing Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc. Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc. Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc. Nobro, S.C. Sports Radio, Inc. Noble Broadcast Center, Inc. Citicasters Co. GACC-N26LB, Inc. GACC-340, Inc. Cine Guarantors, Inc. Great American Television Productions, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Inc. Great American Merchandising Group, Inc. Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc. Cine Films, Inc. The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc. Location Productions, Inc. Location Productions II, Inc. VTTV Productions WHOK, Inc. Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V. Cine Movil S.A. de C.V. F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Ltd. SCHEDULE 3 Jacor Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast Finance, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc. Jacor Cable, Inc. Georgia Network Equipment, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc. Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V. Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc. Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc. Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc. Nova Marketing Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc. Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc. Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc. Nobro, S.C. Sports Radio, Inc. Noble Broadcast Center, Inc. Citicasters Co. GACC-N26LB, Inc. GACC-340, Inc. Cine Guarantors, Inc. Great American Television Productions, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Inc. Great American Merchandising Group, Inc. Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc. Cine Films, Inc. The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc. Location Productions, Inc. Location Productions II, Inc. VTTV Productions WHOK, Inc. Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V. Cine Movil S.A. de C.V. F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Ltd. EX-24.7 12 EXH.24.7 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that R. Christopher Weber hereby constitutes and appoints Jon M. Berry as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to Registration Statement No. 333-16469 (and to any Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the foregoing, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Power of Attorney has been signed on December 12, 1996 by R. Christopher Weber in the capacities and for the entities indicated. /s/ R. Christopher Weber --------------------------------------------- R. Christopher Weber SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 1, TREASURER of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 2 and DIRECTOR of the entities set forth on the attached Schedule 3 SCHEDULE 1 Jacor Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast Finance, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Florida, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Atlanta, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Colorado, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Lexington, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Knoxville, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Tampa Bay, Inc. Jacor Cable, Inc. Georgia Network Equipment, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Idaho, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc. Noble Broadcast Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Colorado, Inc. Noble Broadcast of San Diego, Inc. Noble Broadcast of St. Louis, Inc. Noble Broadcast of Toledo, Inc. Nova Marketing Group, Inc. Noble Broadcast Licenses, Inc. Noble Broadcast Holdings, Inc. Sports Radio Broadcasting, Inc. Sports Radio, Inc. Noble Broadcast Center, Inc. Citicasters Co. GACC-N26LB, Inc. GACC-340, Inc. Cine Guarantors, Inc. Great American Television Productions, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Inc. Great American Merchandising Group, Inc. Taft-TCI Satellite Services, Inc. Cine Films, Inc. The Sy Fischer Company Agency, Inc. Location Productions, Inc. Location Productions II, Inc. VTTV Productions WHOK, Inc. Cine Mobile Systems Int'l. N.V. Cine Movil S.A. de C.V. F.M.I. Pennsylvania, Inc. Cine Guarantors II, Ltd. SCHEDULE 2 Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V. Nobro, S.C. SCHEDULE 3 Jacor Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast Finance, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of San Diego, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of St. Louis, Inc. Jacor Broadcasting of Sarasota, Inc. Inmobiliaria Radial, S.A. de C.V. Jacor Broadcasting of Iowa, Inc. Nobro, S.C. Citicasters Co. WHOK, Inc. EX-25 13 EXHIBIT 25 - FORM T-1 THIS CONFORMING PAPER FORMAT DOCUMENT IS BEING SUBMITTED PURSUANT TO RULE 901(D) OF REGULATION S-T ================================================================================ FORM T-1 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939 OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2) |__| ---------------------- THE BANK OF NEW YORK (Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter) New York 13-5160382 (State of incorporation (I.R.S. employer if not a U.S. national bank) identification no.) 48 Wall Street, New York, N.Y. 10286 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) ---------------------- JACOR COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY (Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter) Florida 59-2054850 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. employer incorporation or organization) identification no.) 1300 PNC Center 201 East Fifth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) ---------------------- JACOR COMMUNICATIONS, INC. (Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter) Delaware 31-0978313 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. employer incorporation or organization) identification no.) 1300 PNC Center 201 East Fifth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) ---------------------- TABLE OF ADDITIONAL REGISTRANTS State or Other I.R.S. Jurisdiction of Employer Incorporation Identification Name or Organization Number ---- --------------- ------ JACOR BROADCASTING CORPORATION Ohio 31-1363232 BROADCAST FINANCE, INC. Ohio 31-1390698 JACOR BROADCASTING OF FLORIDA, Florida 31-1102108 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF ATLANTA, Georgia 31-1133504 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF COLORADO, Colorado 31-1212116 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF LEXINGTON, Kentucky 31-1466604 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF KNOXVILLE, Delaware 31-1125479 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF TAMPA Florida 31-1234979 BAY, INC. JACOR CABLE, INC. Kentucky 31-1273897 GEORGIA NETWORK EQUIPMENT, INC. Georgia 31-0317907 JACOR BROADCASTING OF SAN DIEGO, Delaware 31-1440011 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF ST. LOUIS, Missouri 43-1735433 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF SARASOTA, Florida 31-1468564 INC. JACOR BROADCASTING OF IDAHO, Delaware Pending INC. INMOBILIARIA RADIAL, S.A. de Mexico Not Applicable C.V. JACOR BROADCASTING OF IOWA, Delaware Pending INC. NOBLE BROADCAST GROUP, INC. Delaware 33-0215206 NOBLE BROADCAST OF COLORADO, California 33-0250362 INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF SAN DIEGO, California 95-3230874 INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF ST. LOUIS, Delaware 33-0294761 INC. NOBLE BROADCAST OF TOLEDO, INC. California 30-0200806 NOVA MARKETING GROUP, INC. California 33-0578898 NOBLE BROADCAST LICENSES, INC. California 34-1794221 NOBLE BROADCAST HOLDINGS, INC. Delaware 33-0492627 SPORTS RADIO BROADCASTING, INC. California 33-0525378 NOBRO, S.C. Mexico Not Applicable SPORTS RADIO, INC. California 95-4350343 NOBLE BROADCAST CENTER, INC. California 33-0189045 CITICASTERS CO. Ohio 31-1081002 GACC-N26LB, INC. Delaware 31-1231527 GACC-340, INC. Delaware 31-1251968 CINE GUARANTORS, INC. California 95-2677644 GREAT AMERICAN TELEVISION California 31-1019819 PRODUCTIONS, INC. CINE GUARANTORS II, INC. California 95-2960196 -2- GREAT AMERICAN MERCHANDISING New York 13-2658721 GROUP, INC. TAFT-TCI SATELLITE SERVICES, Colorado 84-0863016 INC. CINE FILMS, INC. California 95-2945526 THE SY FISCHER COMPANY AGENCY, California 95-2792659 INC. LOCATION PRODUCTIONS, INC. California 95-2556702 LOCATION PRODUCTIONS II, INC. California 95-2945537 VTTV PRODUCTIONS California 31-0924795 F.M.I PENNSYLVANIA, INC. Pennsylvania 59-1648738 WHOK, INC. Ohio 34-1092716 CINE MOBILE SYSTEMS INT'L. N.V. Antille Not Applicable CINE MOVIL S.A. de C.V. Mexico Not Applicable CINE GUARANTORS II, LTD. Canada Not Applicable The principal executive office of each of the above registrants is 1300 PNC Center, 201 East Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45202. ______________________ % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 (Title of the indenture securities) =============================================================================== -3- 1. General information. Furnish the following information as to the Trustee: (a) Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name Address - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Superintendent of Banks of the State of 2 Rector Street, New York, New York N.Y. 10006, and Albany, N.Y. 12203 Federal Reserve Bank of New York 33 Liberty Plaza, New York, N.Y. 10045 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Washington, D.C. 20429 New York Clearing House Association New York, New York 10004 (b) Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers. Yes. 2. Affiliations with Obligor. If the obligor is an affiliate of the trustee, describe each such affiliation. None. (See Note on page 5.) 16. List of Exhibits. Exhibits identified in parentheses below, on file with the Commission, are incorporated herein by reference as an exhibit hereto, pursuant to Rule 7a-29 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the "Act") and Rule 24 of the Commission's Rules of Practice. 1. A copy of the Organization Certificate of The Bank of New York (formerly Irving Trust Company) as now in effect, which contains the authority to commence business and a grant of powers to exercise corporate trust powers. (Exhibit 1 to Amendment No. 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-6215, Exhibits 1a and 1b to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-21672 and Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-29637.) 4. A copy of the existing By-laws of the Trustee. (Exhibit 4 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-31019.) 6. The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Act. (Exhibit 6 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-44051.) 7. A copy of the latest report of condition of the Trustee published pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority. -4- NOTE Inasmuch as this Form T-1 is filed prior to the ascertainment by the Trustee of all facts on which to base a responsive answer to Item 2, the answer to said Item is based on incomplete information. Item 2 may, however, be considered as correct unless amended by an amendment to this Form T-1. -5- SIGNATURE Pursuant to the requirements of the Act, the Trustee, The Bank of New York, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in The City of New York, and State of New York, on the 11th day of December, 1996. THE BANK OF NEW YORK By: /s/ Walter N. Gitlin ---------------------------- Name: Walter N. Gitlin Title: Vice President -6- Consolidated Report of Condition of THE BANK OF NEW YORK of 48 Wall Street, New York, N.Y. 10286 And Foreign and Domestic Subsidiaries, a member of the Federal Reserve System, at the close of business June 30, 1996, published in accordance with a call made by the Federal Reserve Bank of this District pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Reserve Act. Dollar Amounts ASSETS in Thousands Cash and balances due from depos- itory institutions: Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin .................. $ 3,650,068 Interest-bearing balances .......... 738,260 Securities: Held-to-maturity securities ........ 784,969 Available-for-sale securities ...... 2,033,407 Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell in domestic offices of the bank: Federal funds sold ................... 3,699,232 Securities purchased under agreements to resell ................. 20,000 Loans and lease financing receivables: Loans and leases, net of unearned income .................28,109,045 LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses ..............586,658 LESS: Allocated transfer risk reserve........................429 Loans and leases, net of unearned income, allowance, and reserve 27,521,958 Assets held in trading accounts ...... 678,844 Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases) ................ 608,217 Other real estate owned .............. 50,599 Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies .......................... 235,670 Customers' liability to this bank on acceptances outstanding ............ 904,948 Intangible assets .................... 450,230 Other assets ......................... 1,299,464 ----------- Total assets ......................... $42,675,866 ----------- ----------- LIABILITIES Deposits: In domestic offices ................ $19,223,050 Noninterest-bearing .......7,675,758 Interest-bearing .........11,547,292 In foreign offices, Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and IBFs ... 11,527,685 Noninterest-bearing ..........48,502 Interest-bearing .........11,479,183 Federal funds purchased and secu- rities sold under agreements to re- purchase in domestic offices of the bank and of its Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and in IBFs: Federal funds purchased ............ 1,498,351 Securities sold under agreements to repurchase .................... 126,974 Demand notes issued to the U.S. Treasury ........................... 231,865 Trading liabilities .................. 479,390 Other borrowed money: With original maturity of one year or less .......................... 2,521,578 With original maturity of more than one year ......................... 20,780 Bank's liability on acceptances exe- cuted and outstanding .............. 905,850 Subordinated notes and debentures .... 1,020,400 Other liabilities .................... 1,543,657 Total liabilities .................... 39,099,580 EQUITY CAPITAL Common stock ........................ 942,284 Surplus ............................. 525,666 Undivided profits and capital reserves .......................... 2,124,231 Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities ........................ ( 8,063) Cumulative foreign currency transla- tion adjustments .................. ( 7,832) ----------- Total equity capital ................ 3,576,286 ----------- ----------- Total liabilities and equity capital ........................... $42,675,866 ----------- ----------- I, Robert E. Keilman, Senior Vice President and Comptroller of the above-named bank do hereby declare that this Report of Condition has been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and is true to the best of my knowledge and belief. Robert E. Keilman We, the undersigned directors, attest to the correctness of this Report of Condition and declare that it has been examined by us and to the best of our knowledge and belief has been prepared in conformance with the instructions issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and is true and correct. } J. Carter Bacot } Alan R. Griffith } Directors Thomas A. Renyi } } __________________________________________________________________
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