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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Significant Components of the Provision for Income Taxes The following table presents the significant components of the provision for income taxes:
 Fiscal Year
(in thousands)202020192018
Current:
Federal$38,665 $7,505 $(4,228)
State11,541 4,173 (3,269)
Total current provision (benefit)$50,206 $11,678 $(7,497)
Deferred:   
Federal$8,052 $4,514 $5,701 
State685 (527)3,665 
Total deferred provision (benefit)$8,737 $3,987 $9,366 
Income tax expense$58,943 $15,665 $1,869 
Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense at Statutory Federal Rate to Actual Income Tax Expense The following table provides a reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory federal rate to actual income tax expense:
 Fiscal Year
 202020192018
(in thousands)Income
tax expense
% pre-tax
income
Income
tax expense
% pre-tax
income
Income
tax expense
% pre-tax
loss
Statutory (income) / expense$50,618 21.0 %$7,187 21.0 %$(2,790)21.0 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit9,258 3.8 1,352 4.0 (376)2.8 
Nondeductible compensation3,007 1.3 4,313 12.6 2,851 (21.5)
Noncontrolling interest – Piedmont(2,447)(1.0)(1,826)(5.3)(1,238)9.3 
Valuation allowance change(1,900)(0.8)1,290 3.8 1,566 (11.8)
Meals, entertainment and travel expense1,476 0.6 2,440 7.1 2,734 (20.6)
Nondeductible fees and expenses311 0.1 887 2.6 568 (4.3)
Adjustment for uncertain tax positions114 — (805)(2.4)694 (5.2)
Adjustment for federal tax legislation— — — — (1,989)15.0 
Other, net(1,494)(0.5)827 2.4 (151)1.2 
Income tax expense$58,943 24.5 %$15,665 45.8 %$1,869 (14.1)%
Reconciliation of Uncertain Tax Positions Excluding Accrued Interest
A reconciliation of uncertain tax positions, excluding accrued interest, is as follows:

 Fiscal Year
(in thousands)202020192018
Beginning balance - gross uncertain tax positions$2,283 $2,857 $2,286 
Increase as a result of tax positions taken in the current year61 60 571 
Increase as a result of tax positions taken in a prior year504 — — 
Reduction as a result of the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations(687)(634)— 
Ending balance - gross uncertain tax positions$2,161 $2,283 $2,857 
Temporary Differences and Carryforwards that Comprised Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities Temporary differences and carryforwards that comprised deferred income tax assets and liabilities were as follows:
(in thousands)December 31, 2020December 29, 2019
Acquisition related contingent consideration$107,769 $110,036 
Operating lease liabilities34,632 27,346 
Deferred revenue27,882 24,936 
Deferred compensation26,269 26,788 
Accrued liabilities22,341 19,266 
Postretirement benefits14,726 13,250 
Pension11,055 14,124 
Transactional costs4,451 4,857 
Charitable contribution carryover3,236 6,622 
Net operating loss carryforwards1,628 2,012 
Financing lease agreements1,618 2,432 
Other10,138 3,022 
Deferred income tax assets$265,745 $254,691 
Less: Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets5,325 7,190 
Net deferred income tax asset$260,420 $247,501 
Intangible assets$(182,585)$(151,940)
Depreciation(159,359)(147,140)
Right-of-use assets - operating leases(33,316)(26,997)
Inventory(13,709)(12,631)
Prepaid expenses(6,319)(7,627)
Patronage dividend(4,555)(3,009)
Investment in Piedmont— (23,287)
Deferred income tax liabilities$(399,843)$(372,631)
Net deferred income tax liability$(139,423)$(125,130)