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Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
Note
3
Significant
Accounting
Policies
 
Revenue
Recognition
The Company is engaged in research and development contracts with the federal government to develop certain technology to be utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”). The contracts are cost plus fixed fee contracts and revenue is recognized on the basis of such measurement of partial performance as will reflect reasonably assured realization or delivery of completed articles. Fees earned under the Company’s contracts
may
also be accrued as they are billable, under the terms of the agreements, unless such accrual is not reasonably related to the proportionate performance of the total work or services to be performed by the Company from inception to completion. Under the terms of certain contracts, fixed fees are not recognized until the receipt of full payment has become unconditional, that is, when the product has been delivered and accepted by the federal government. Backlog represents the estimated amount of future revenues to be recognized under negotiated contracts as work is performed. The Company’s backlog includes future Adaptive
Diagnostic Electronic Portable Testset
(“ADEPT”) units to be developed and delivered to the federal government.
 
The Company recognizes revenue as it relates to the license of software when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection is probable. The sale and/or license of software products and technology is deemed to have occurred when a customer either has taken possession of or has access to take immediate possession of the software or technology. Software license agreements include post-contract customer support ("PCS"). For the Company’s software and software-related multiple element arrangements, where customers purchase both software related products and software related services, the Company uses vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value for software and software-related services to separate the elements and account for them separately. VSOE exists when a company can support what the fair value of its software and/or software-related services is based on evidence of the prices charged when the same elements are sold separately. VSOE of fair value is required, generally, in order to separate the accounting for various elements in a software and related services arrangement. The Company has established VSOE of fair value for the majority of the PCS, professional services, and training. Given the limited number of sales related to this software, and the fact that the Company does not sell the PCS element separately, there is no VSOE currently available to bifurcate the PCS element from the contract.  In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic
985
-
605
-
25
-
10a,
the fees earned from sale of licenses to which the only undelivered element is the PCS, are recognized ratably over the life of the contract. Revenues from the sale of software licenses and maintenance for the
three
months ended
March
31,
2017
and
2016
were
$7,500
and
$27,750,
respectively. At
March
31,
2017
and
December
31,
2016,
deferred revenues amounted to
$0
and
$7,500,
respectively.
 
Unbilled revenue reflects work performed, but not billed at the time, per contractual requirements. As of
March
31,
2017
and
December
31,
2016,
the Company had unbilled revenues of
$218,261
and
$235,421,
respectively which are recorded within receivables on government contracts in the Company’s balance sheet. Billings to customers in excess of revenue earned are classified as advanced billings, and shown as a liability. As of
March
31,
2017
and
December
31,
2016,
there were no advanced billings.
 
Warranty
Expense
 
The Company provides a limited warranty, as defined by the related warranty agreements, for its production units. The Company’s warranties require the Company to repair or replace defective products during such warranty period. The Company estimates the costs that
may
be incurred under its warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold, expected and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amount as necessary. During the
three
months ended
March
31,
2017
and
2016,
the Company recognized a net warranty (recovery) expense, which is a component of the Company’s cost of sales of
$(141,300)
and
$(20,801),
respectively. Since the inception of the ADEPT IDIQ contract in
March
2010,
the Company has delivered
189
ADEPT units. As of
March
31,
2017,
there are
26
ADEPT units that remain under the limited warranty coverage.
 
 
The following table reflects the reserve for product warranty activity as of
March
31,
2017
and
December
31,
2016:
 
   
March 31, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
Beginning balance
  $
240,980
    $
359,654
 
Provision for product warranty
   
-
     
1,800
 
Product warranty expirations
   
(141,300
)    
(86,301
)
Product warranty costs paid
   
(1,590
)    
(34,173
)
Ending balance
  $
98,090
    $
240,980
 
 
 
Research and Development Expense
 
Research and Development expenditures for research and development of the Company's products are expensed when incurred, and are included in general and administrative expenses. The Company recognized research and development costs as follows:
 
 
   
Three months ended March 31,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
                 
Salaries
  $
39,606
    $
19,552
 
Other costs
   
2,189
     
1,345
 
    $
41,795
    $
20,897
 
 
Intangible Assets
The majority of the Company’s intangible assets is a license acquired during
2015.
In
July
2015,
the Company purchased certain software products, intellectual property and related assets from VSE Corporation. The primary software programs purchased were the Prognostics Framework (PF) and Diagnostic Profiler (DP) programs. The Diagnostic Profiler software is used worldwide by several multinational companies for optimized maintenance of diverse product lines. The Diagnostic Profiler is also used by the US Air Force for depot test programs, and Prognostics Framework is used by the US Army for several missile defense systems.
 
Licenses are amortized using a straight-line method over their estimated life of
six
years. For the
three
months ended
March
31,
2017
and
2016,
amortization expense related to the Company’s license amounted to
$5,250
and
$5,250,
respectively, and are included in general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.