Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash balances consist of funds that are immediately available to the Company and are held by financial institutions.  For purposes of the cash flow statements, the Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Concentrations of credit risk

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from Small Business Innovation Research (“SBIR”) and Indefinite-Delivery, Indefinite-Quantity (“IDIQ”) contracts for the Federal government.  Approximately 98% and 96% of revenues in 2013 and 2012, respectively, were realized in connection with task orders issued under the IDIQ contract with the Naval Surface Warfare Center to deliver ADEPT units.  Although the Company’s operations are not subject to any particular government approval or regulations, the Company is dependent upon funding being made available to the DoD in amounts sufficient to cover the SBIR grants and other DoD contracts for which the Company competes.

Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.

The Company's policy is to limit the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution, and place investments with financial institutions evaluated as being creditworthy, or in short-term money market funds which are exposed to minimal interest rate and credit risk. The Company maintains its cash primarily in investment accounts within large financial institutions. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insures these balances up to $250,000 per bank. At times, the Company’s cash and cash equivalent balances may exceed the FDIC insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on its bank deposits and management believes these deposits do not expose the Company to any significant credit risk.

Receivables on government contracts are stated at outstanding balances, less an allowance for doubtful accounts, if necessary.  The allowance for doubtful accounts is established through provisions charged against operations.  Receivables deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is based on past experience, aging of the receivables, adverse situations that may affect a customers’ ability to pay, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors.  This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that may be susceptible to significant change.  Unpaid balances remaining after the stated payment terms are considered past due.  All of our business is conducted with the Federal government in which nonpayment for awarded contracts is unlikely.  No allowance for doubtful accounts was deemed necessary by management at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment

Equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of three years. Depreciation expense amounted to $4,336 and $5,548 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and is included in engineering expense.

Furniture and fixtures are stated at cost.  Depreciation expense is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of seven years.  Depreciation expense amounted to $1,323 for each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, and is included in engineering expense.

Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Patents and Trademarks

The Company has developed and continues to develop intellectual property (technology and data) under SBIR and other contracts.  The request for a trademark for the product name “ADEPT” has been approved by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and ADEPT® is now a registered trademark of the Company.

Under SBIR data rights, the Company is protected from unauthorized use of SBIR-developed technology and data for a period of five years after acceptance of all items to be delivered under a particular SBIR contract or any follow-on contract.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company discontinued the use of certain technology and related patents.  The Company removed the historical carrying value of these patents of $4,000 from its balance sheet as of December 31, 2012 and immediately recognized $2,933 of unamortized balance as amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2012.

For each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, amortization expense amounted to $139 and $3,122, respectively, which related to the cost of the patents and trademarks. These costs are being amortized over their 10 year legal lives.  Amortization expense for 2014 through 2015 will be $138 per year and $72 in 2016.

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company assesses the potential impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. An asset's value is impaired if management's estimate of the aggregate future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, to be generated by the asset are less than the carrying value of the asset. Such cash flows consider factors such as expected future operating income and historical trends, as well as the effects of demand and competition. To the extent impairment has occurred, the loss is measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over the estimated fair value of the asset. Such estimates require the use of judgment and numerous subjective assumptions, which, if actual experience varies, could result in material differences in the requirements for impairment charges. There were no impairments of long-lived assets in 2013 or 2012.

Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition

The Company is a party to research and development contracts with the Federal government to develop certain technology to be utilized by the US Department of Defense. The contracts are cost plus fixed fee contracts and revenue is recognized on the basis of such measurement of partial performance as will reflect reasonably assured realization or delivery of completed articles. Fees earned under the Company’s contracts may also be accrued as they are billable, under the terms of the agreements, unless such accrual is not reasonably related to the proportionate performance of the total work or services to be performed by the Company from inception to completion. Under the terms of certain contracts, fixed fees are not recognized until the receipt of full payment has become unconditional, that is, when the product has been delivered and accepted by the Federal government.  Backlog represents the estimated amount of future revenues to be recognized under negotiated contracts as work is performed.  The Company’s backlog includes future ADEPT units to be developed and delivered to the Federal government.  

Unbilled revenue reflects work performed, but not billed at the time, per contractual requirements. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had unbilled revenues of $16,130 and $0, respectively and is recorded within receivables on government contracts in the Company’s balance sheet.  Billings to customers in excess of revenue earned are classified as advanced billings, and shown as a liability.  As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no advanced billings. Under the IDIQ agreement, the Company delivered 41 units during the year ended December 31, 2013.

Standard Product Warranty, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Warranty Expense

The Company provides a limited warranty, as defined by the related warranty agreements, for its production units.  The Company’s warranties require the Company to repair or replace defective products during such warranty period, which is 12 months following delivery and acceptance of production units by the government.  The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold, expected and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amount as necessary.  The Company had a net warranty recovery, which is a component of the Company’s cost of sales of $15,500 and $7,900 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  Since the inception of the IDIQ contract in March 2010, the Company has delivered 122 ADEPT units.  As of December 31, 2013, there are 41 ADEPT units that remain under the limited warranty coverage.  The Company had an accrued warranty expense liability of $35,190 and $69,655 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The following table reflects the reserve for product warranty activity for the years ended December 31:

Research, Development, and Computer Software, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development Costs

Research and Development expenditures for research and development of the Company's products are expensed when incurred, and are included in general and administrative expenses. The Company recognized research and development costs of $81,598 and $59,245 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]

Share-based Compensation

The Company records compensation expense associated with stock options and other forms of equity compensation based on the estimated fair value at the grant-date. During 2013, the Company issued 35,000 stock options. There were no equity compensation awards issued for the year ended December 31, 2012.  The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) option-pricing model to determine the fair value of share-based awards.  Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company's common stock. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

The expected term is estimated consistent with the simplified method, as identified in ASC 718.  In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued guidance that allows companies, in certain circumstances, to utilize a simplified method in determining the expected term of stock option grants when calculating the compensation expense to be recorded under GAAP, for employee stock options. The simplified method can be used after December 31, 2007 only if a company's stock option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected option term. Through 2007, the Company used the simplified method to determine the expected option term, based upon the vesting and original contractual terms of the option. The Company has continued to use the simplified method to determine the expected option term since the Company’s stock option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected option term.

The fair values of options are amortized over the vesting period of the awards utilizing a straight-line method.  The Company used the following assumptions to calculate compensation expense:

	2013
	5 year options
Expected Life		6.5
Expected volatility		123.3	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.75	%

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under a liability method.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities, and are measured at the prevailing enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences are settled or realized. Deferred tax assets, including tax loss and credit carryforwards, and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The deferred tax assets will be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company adopted a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. No significant income tax uncertainties were identified.  Therefore, the Company recognized no adjustment for unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The Company has determined that any future interest accrued, related to unrecognized tax benefits, will be included in interest expense. In the event the Company must accrue for penalties, such penalties will be included as an operating expense.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Earnings (loss) per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing net earnings (loss) allocable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the assumed exercise or conversion of all dilutive securities, using the treasury stock method for options and if-converted method for convertible preferred securities.  Potentially dilutive securities include employee stock options, Series B Preferred Stock, and Convertible Preferred Stock (see “Note 3. Redeemable Series C Preferred Stock and Shareholders’ Equity" below for information about the Series B Preferred Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock).

In June 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position ("FSP") Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") 03-6-1, "Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities" (ASC 260-10-45). ASC 260-10-45 clarified that all outstanding unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to non-forfeitable dividends participate in undistributed earnings with common shareholders. Shares of the Company's Convertible Preferred Stock are considered participating securities since they contain a non-forfeitable right to dividends and distributions with common shareholders.  ASC 260-10-45 requires that the two-class method of computing basic EPS be applied. Under the two-class method, the Company's stock options are not considered to be participating securities. Dividends on common stock were not declared in 2013 or 2012.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2012, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income and ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU No. 2011-5. In these updates, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. ASU No. 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The amendments in ASU No. 2011-05 do not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. The adoption of ASU Nos. 2011-05 and 2011-12 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company has presented comprehensive loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. ASU No. 2013-02 does not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements, however, it does require an entity to report the effect of significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items in net income if the amounts are required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures that provide additional detail about those amounts. The adoption of ASU No. 2013-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.