Stockholders’ Equity

9 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2023

Stockholders’ Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders’ equity

Note 10 – Stockholders’ equity

Controlled Equity Offering

In May 2023, the Company entered into a sales agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. as sales agent (“Riley”). Under the Sales Agreement, the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through Riley, shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Shares”) having an aggregate offering price of up to $30 million. The Company pays Riley a commission of 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds received under the Sale Agreement. The Company is not obligated to make any sales of Shares under the Sales Agreement. The offering of Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (a) the sale of all of the Shares subject to the Sales Agreement or (b) the termination of the Sales Agreement by Riley or the Company, as permitted therein. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, there have been no sales of Shares under the Sales Agreement. In May 2023, the Company filed with the SEC a “shelf” registration and sales agreement prospectus covering the Sales Agreement and issuance and sale of our Common Stock that may be sold under that agreement in an aggregate amount of up to $30 million. A total of $150 million of securities, including those covered by the Sales Agreement, may be sold under the shelf registration when it is declared effective.

Share based awards and share based compensation 

In January 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the adoption of the 2011 Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) for the issuance of equity awards, including, among others, options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance stock units for up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock. In January 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the 2011 Plan (the “Amended and Restated 2011 Plan”) to increase the number of shares of common stock available for grant under the 2011 Plan by 2,000,000 shares of common stock bringing the total number of shares available for grant to 5,000,000 shares of common stock. On October 7, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the amendment and restatement of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, with an effective date of October 7, 2020 and subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders at the 2020 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company. The amendment and restatement of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan was for purposes of, among other things, (i) increasing the shares of common stock available for grant under the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan by an additional 4,000,000 shares of common stock bringing the total number of shares available for grant to 9,000,000 shares of common stock and (ii) extending the term of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan until October 7, 2030. In January 2021, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan.

The exercise price of options granted under the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated, is equal to or greater than fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. The Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated, will terminate at the earliest of (a) such time as no shares of common stock remain available for issuance under the plan, (b) termination of the plan by the Company’s Board of Directors, or (c) October 7, 2030. Awards outstanding upon expiration of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated, will remain in effect until they have been exercised or terminated, or have expired. As of April 30, 2023, there were approximately 3,734,000 shares of common stock available for grant under the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated.

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option award on the measurement date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of awards is amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company expenses restricted stock awards based on vesting requirements, primarily time elapsed. Performance stock awards are not recognized until it is probable they will be earned. At such time, their expense is then recognized over the requisite service period, including that portion of the service period already elapsed.

Options granted pursuant to the plans may be either incentive stock options or non-statutory options. The 2011 Plan provides for the issuance of stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards which generally vest over a two or three year period.

The amounts of share-based compensation expense recognized in the periods presented are as follows:

	Three months ended April 30,				Nine months ended April 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options and performance stock units	$	286	$	76	$	842	$	898
Restricted stock units		277		86		666		159
	$	563	$	162	$	1,508	$	1,057

The following table sets forth the amount of expense related to share-based payment arrangements included in specific line items in the accompanying statements of operations:

	Three months ended April 30,				Nine months ended April 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Selling, general and administrative	$	547	$	158	$	1,450	$	1,037
Cost of revenues		16		4		58		20
	$	563	$	162	$	1,508	$	1,057

No excess tax benefits were recognized during the three and nine month periods ended April 30, 2023 and 2022.

Stock Option Plans

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the nine month period ended April 30, 2023:

	Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000s)
Outstanding at July 31, 2022		3,941,783		$	3.00
Awarded		615,000		$	2.00
Exercised		(6,667	)		2.14			$
Cancelled or expired		(453,616	)	$	3.95
Outstanding at end of period		4,096,500		$	2.74		2.2 years	$	675
Exercisable at end of period		2,126,067		$			0.3 years	$

As of April 30, 2023, the total future compensation cost related to non-vested options, not yet recognized in the statements of operations, was $2,038 and the weighted average period over which the remaining expense of these awards is expected to be recognized is approximately two years.

The intrinsic value of in the money stock option awards at the end of the period represents the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the period in excess of the exercise price multiplied by the number of outstanding options.

Performance Stock Units

Beginning in fiscal 2018, the Company granted long-term incentive awards in the form of time based stock options and performance-based restricted stock units (“Performance Stock Units” or “PSUs”). The PSUs earned is determined over a three-year performance period. The primary performance metrics will be revenue and Adjusted EBITDA growth, as defined. Payouts are based on revenue and adjusted EBITDA goals met at threshold, target or maximum levels and are modified based on Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) performance relative to Enzo’s peer group. The PSUs awarded to executive officers in fiscal 2018, net of forfeitures, expired in fiscal 2021 as the 3 year growth goals were not achieved.

During the fiscal years ended 2020 and 2019, the Company awarded additional PSUs to its executive officers. These awards provide for the grant of shares of our common stock at the end of a three-year period based on the achievement of revenue growth and adjusted EBITDA growth goals met at threshold, target or maximum levels over the respective period. The PSUs awarded to executive officers in fiscal 2019, net of forfeitures, were earned as of the three-year period ending July 31, 2022 as the growth goals at the maximum level were achieved. After TSR modification, a total of 25,200 PSUs were earned equally by two officers. As of April 30, 2023, 12,600 shares had been issued and the balance of the shares are expected to be issued in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2023 a former officer forfeited 15,000 PSUs awarded in fiscal 2020. The Company recorded PSU compensation expense of $7 during the three months ended April 30, 2023 and ($41) during the nine months ended April 30, 2023. For the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company recorded PSU compensation expense of ($105) and $57, respectively.

The following table summarizes PSU’s granted and outstanding through April 30, 2023:

Grant Date	Total Grant		Forfeitures			Outstanding		Fair Market Value At Grant Date (000s)
10/19/2020		98,600		(40,300	)		58,300	$	122

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) activity for the nine month period ended April 30, 2023:

	Number of Unvested RSUs  outstanding			Weighted Average Fair Value per Unit at Date of Grant or Vesting		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000s)
Outstanding at July 31, 2022		502,187		$	2.95
Granted		325,564			1.53
Vested		(145,263	)		3.06
Cancelled		—			$
Outstanding at end of period		682,488		$	2.25	1.1 years	$	1,727
Expected to vest at end of period		682,488		$		1.1 years	$

During the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023, the Company recognized shared based compensation expense for these RSUs of $277 and $666, respectively. During the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company recognized shared-based compensation expense for these RSUs of $86 and $159, respectively. RSU’s that vested on April 27, 2023, representing 58,596 shares of common stock, were issued in May 2023.

As of April 30, 2023, the total future compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs, not yet recognized in the statements of operations, was $1,017 and the weighted average period over which the remaining expense of these awards is expected to be recognized is approximately fourteen months.