Basis of Presentation	9 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Note 1 – Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Enzo Biochem, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Enzo Life Sciences, Enzo Clinical Labs, Enzo Therapeutics, Enzo Realty LLC and Enzo Realty II LLC, collectively or with one or more of its subsidiaries referred to as the “Company” or “Companies”. The consolidated balance sheet as of April 30, 2020, the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and stockholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (the “interim statements”) are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and operating results for the interim periods have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosure, normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, have been condensed or omitted. The interim statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended July 31, 2019 and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2020. A novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) continues to spread and severely impact the economy of the United States and other countries around the world. Through the six month period ended January 31, 2020, we had experienced growth in our laboratory testing services accessions and our products volume compared to the prior year period. This growth continued into February 2020. However, beginning in March 2020, the Company experienced a material decline in its laboratory testing volumes due to the COVID-19 pandemic as patients have reduced physician office visits. Additionally, customers of our products have reduced or suspended purchases because they have temporarily reduced or closed their operations on a global basis. The COVID-19 impact on the Company’s operations is consistent with the overall industry and publicly issued statements from competitors, partners, and vendors. The decline in our laboratory accessions and customer orders for products continued during most of the remainder of the third fiscal quarter (ended April 30, 2020) and only began to show some improvement in the month of April. Federal, state and local governmental policies and initiatives designed to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 have resulted in, among other things, the aforementioned significant reduction in physician office visits, the cancellation of elective medical procedures, customers of our products closing or severely curtailing their operations (voluntarily or in response to government orders), and the adoption of work-from-home or shelter-in-place policies. The Company believes the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to have a negative impact on the Company’s operating results, cash flows and financial condition for an undetermined amount of time. Global supply chain issues due to the pandemic may hamper both production of products within the life science division as well as testing capabilities in the clinical laboratory. It is possible that the Company may experience an adverse impact on cash collections from customers, clients and payers as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which our businesses may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic will largely depend on both current and future developments, including its duration, spread and treatment, and related work and travel advisories and restrictions, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted at this time. The Company expects its COVID-19 related products and services to partially offset revenue declines. Enzo has publicly announced that it has applied its technical expertise in molecular diagnostics and serological testing to develop next generation COVID-19 and related antibody testing options. Enzo’s innovations include virus-inactivating specimen collection media to lessen transmission risks for healthcare providers and clinical laboratory personnel, the development of more relevant positive controls for the tests, and improved sensitivity. However, it is too early to determine the significance of any positive impact from increased testing and the Company’s proprietary product offerings on revenue, profitability and cash flow. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was passed in March 2020 and addresses the various economic impacts of, and otherwise responds to, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) outbreak. Under the CARES Act, we received a loan, an advance payment, and an income grant during the period ended April 30, 2020 which are further described in this report. Use of Estimates The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the Company’s business and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors including, but not limited to: the magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the extent to which it will impact worldwide macroeconomic conditions including, but not limited to, employment rates and health insurance coverage, the speed of the anticipated recovery, and governmental and business reactions to the pandemic. The Company assessed certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to the Company and the unknown future impacts of COVID-19 as of April 30, 2020 and through the date of this report. The accounting matters assessed included, but were not limited to, the Company’s implicit price concessions and credit losses, accounts receivable and the carrying value of goodwill and other long-lived assets. The Company’s future assessment of the magnitude and duration of COVID-19, as well as other factors, could result in additional material impacts to the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods. *Effect of New Accounting Pronouncements* Adoption of New Accounting Standards On August 1, 2019, the Company adopted a new accounting standard issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) on accounting for leases using the modified retrospective method. This new accounting standard requires a lessee to recognize an asset and liability for most leases on its balance sheet. The Company elected the optional transition method that allowed for a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings recorded on August 1, 2019 and did not restate previously reported results in the comparative periods. The Company also elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, allowed it to carry forward its historical lease classification. As a result of adoption of the new standard, the Company recorded right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of approximately $24.4 million and $25.1 million, respectively as of August 1, 2019. The operating lease liability was determined based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments and the right-of-use asset was determined based on the value of the lease liability, adjusted for deferred rent balances of approximately $0.7 million, which were previously included in accrued expenses. There was no cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. Accounting for the Company’s finance leases remains substantially unchanged. The adoption of the new standard did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The adoption of this new accounting standard resulted in increased qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company elected the package of three practical expedients. As such, the Company did not reassess whether expired or existing contracts are or contain a lease and did not need to reassess the lease classifications or reassess the initial direct costs associated with expired or existing leases. The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient. Further, the land easement practical expedient was not elected as the practical expedient is not applicable to the Company. The Company elected to take the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components of all asset classes entered into or modified after the effective date. For further details, see Note 8. Pronouncements Issued but Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). This standard changes the impairment model for most financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an incurred loss method to a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses. The estimate of expected credit losses will require entities to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Adoption of this standard is required for our annual and interim periods beginning August 1, 2023, the effective date for smaller reporting companies and must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition approach. We are currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this standard on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. We reviewed all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and have concluded they are not applicable or not expected to be significant to the accounting for our operations. *Concentration Risk* Other than the Medicare program, one provider whose programs are included in the “Third-party payers” and “Health Maintenance Organizations” (“HMO’s”) categories represents approximately 22% of Clinical Services net revenue for the three month period and 26% for the nine month period ended April 30, 2020 and 42% of Clinical Services net revenue for each of the three and nine month periods ended April 30, 2019. As of April 30, 2020, other than the Medicare program, one provider whose programs are included in either “Third-party payers” and/or “Health Maintenance Organizations” (“HMO’s”) categories represents approximately 12% of Clinical Services net receivables. *Income Taxes* The benefit for income taxes and the effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 is $0 and 0%, respectively. The primary difference between the Company’s effective tax rates and the statutory rates for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 is due to the change in net operating losses for which a full valuation allowance is maintained. The Company believes that the valuation allowance is necessary as it is not more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized in the foreseeable future based on positive and negative evidence available at this time. This conclusion was reached because of uncertainties relating to future taxable income, in terms of both its timing and its sufficiency, which would enable the Company to realize its deferred tax assets.

Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2020

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Enzo Biochem, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Enzo Life Sciences, Enzo Clinical Labs, Enzo Therapeutics, Enzo Realty LLC and Enzo Realty II LLC, collectively or with one or more of its subsidiaries referred to as the “Company” or “Companies”. The consolidated balance sheet as of April 30, 2020, the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and stockholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (the “interim statements”) are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and operating results for the interim periods have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosure, normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, have been condensed or omitted. The interim statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended July 31, 2019 and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2020.

A novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) continues to spread and severely impact the economy of the United States and other countries around the world. Through the six month period ended January 31, 2020, we had experienced growth in our laboratory testing services accessions and our products volume compared to the prior year period. This growth continued into February 2020. However, beginning in March 2020, the Company experienced a material decline in its laboratory testing volumes due to the COVID-19 pandemic as patients have reduced physician office visits. Additionally, customers of our products have reduced or suspended purchases because they have temporarily reduced or closed their operations on a global basis.

The COVID-19 impact on the Company’s operations is consistent with the overall industry and publicly issued statements from competitors, partners, and vendors. The decline in our laboratory accessions and customer orders for products continued during most of the remainder of the third fiscal quarter (ended April 30, 2020) and only began to show some improvement in the month of April. Federal, state and local governmental policies and initiatives designed to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 have resulted in, among other things, the aforementioned significant reduction in physician office visits, the cancellation of elective medical procedures, customers of our products closing or severely curtailing their operations (voluntarily or in response to government orders), and the adoption of work-from-home or shelter-in-place policies.

The Company believes the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to have a negative impact on the Company’s operating results, cash flows and financial condition for an undetermined amount of time. Global supply chain issues due to the pandemic may hamper both production of products within the life science division as well as testing capabilities in the clinical laboratory. It is possible that the Company may experience an adverse impact on cash collections from customers, clients and payers as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which our businesses may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic will largely depend on both current and future developments, including its duration, spread and treatment, and related work and travel advisories and restrictions, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted at this time.

The Company expects its COVID-19 related products and services to partially offset revenue declines. Enzo has publicly announced that it has applied its technical expertise in molecular diagnostics and serological testing to develop next generation COVID-19 and related antibody testing options. Enzo’s innovations include virus-inactivating specimen collection media to lessen transmission risks for healthcare providers and clinical laboratory personnel, the development of more relevant positive controls for the tests, and improved sensitivity. However, it is too early to determine the significance of any positive impact from increased testing and the Company’s proprietary product offerings on revenue, profitability and cash flow.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was passed in March 2020 and addresses the various economic impacts of, and otherwise responds to, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) outbreak. Under the CARES Act, we received a loan, an advance payment, and an income grant during the period ended April 30, 2020 which are further described in this report.

Use of Estimates

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the Company’s business and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors including, but not limited to: the magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the extent to which it will impact worldwide macroeconomic conditions including, but not limited to, employment rates and health insurance coverage, the speed of the anticipated recovery, and governmental and business reactions to the pandemic. The Company assessed certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to the Company and the unknown future impacts of COVID-19 as of April 30, 2020 and through the date of this report. The accounting matters assessed included, but were not limited to, the Company’s implicit price concessions and credit losses, accounts receivable and the carrying value of goodwill and other long-lived assets. The Company’s future assessment of the magnitude and duration of COVID-19, as well as other factors, could result in additional material impacts to the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.

Effect of New Accounting Pronouncements

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

On August 1, 2019, the Company adopted a new accounting standard issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) on accounting for leases using the modified retrospective method. This new accounting standard requires a lessee to recognize an asset and liability for most leases on its balance sheet. The Company elected the optional transition method that allowed for a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings recorded on August 1, 2019 and did not restate previously reported results in the comparative periods. The Company also elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, allowed it to carry forward its historical lease classification.

As a result of adoption of the new standard, the Company recorded right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of approximately $24.4 million and $25.1 million, respectively as of August 1, 2019. The operating lease liability was determined based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments and the right-of-use asset was determined based on the value of the lease liability, adjusted for deferred rent balances of approximately $0.7 million, which were previously included in accrued expenses. There was no cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. Accounting for the Company’s finance leases remains substantially unchanged. The adoption of the new standard did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The adoption of this new accounting standard resulted in increased qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.

The Company elected the package of three practical expedients. As such, the Company did not reassess whether expired or existing contracts are or contain a lease and did not need to reassess the lease classifications or reassess the initial direct costs associated with expired or existing leases. The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient. Further, the land easement practical expedient was not elected as the practical expedient is not applicable to the Company. The Company elected to take the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components of all asset classes entered into or modified after the effective date. For further details, see Note 8.

Pronouncements Issued but Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). This standard changes the impairment model for most financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an incurred loss method to a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses. The estimate of expected credit losses will require entities to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Adoption of this standard is required for our annual and interim periods beginning August 1, 2023, the effective date for smaller reporting companies and must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition approach. We are currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this standard on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

We reviewed all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and have concluded they are not applicable or not expected to be significant to the accounting for our operations.

Concentration Risk

Other than the Medicare program, one provider whose programs are included in the “Third-party payers” and “Health Maintenance Organizations” (“HMO’s”) categories represents approximately 22% of Clinical Services net revenue for the three month period and 26% for the nine month period ended April 30, 2020 and 42% of Clinical Services net revenue for each of the three and nine month periods ended April 30, 2019. As of April 30, 2020, other than the Medicare program, one provider whose programs are included in either “Third-party payers” and/or “Health Maintenance Organizations” (“HMO’s”) categories represents approximately 12% of Clinical Services net receivables.

Income Taxes

The benefit for income taxes and the effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 is $0 and 0%, respectively. The primary difference between the Company’s effective tax rates and the statutory rates for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 is due to the change in net operating losses for which a full valuation allowance is maintained. The Company believes that the valuation allowance is necessary as it is not more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized in the foreseeable future based on positive and negative evidence available at this time. This conclusion was reached because of uncertainties relating to future taxable income, in terms of both its timing and its sufficiency, which would enable the Company to realize its deferred tax assets.