Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are as follows (in millions):

Balance as of January 1, 2021	$	8,666
Goodwill related to current year acquisitions	17
Goodwill related to current year disposals	(37)
Foreign currency translation and other	(212)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	8,434
Goodwill related to current year acquisitions	87
Goodwill related to current year disposals	(11)
Foreign currency translation and other	(218)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	8,292

Other intangible assets by asset class are as follows (in millions):

As of December 31	2022						2021
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment		Net Carrying Amount
Customer-related and contract-based	$	2,207	$	1,833	$	374	$	2,289	$	1,848	$	441
Technology and other	436		363		73		407		357		50
Tradenames	14		14		—		14		13		1
Total	$	2,657	$	2,210	$	447	$	2,710	$	2,218	$	492

Amortization expense and impairment charges from finite lived intangible assets were $113 million, $147 million, and $246 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

The estimated future amortization for finite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2022 is as follows (in millions):

	Estimated Future Amortization
For the years ended
2023	$	99
2024	82
2025	68
2026	47
2027	34
Thereafter	117
Total	$	447