Share-Based Compensation Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Share-based compensation expense recognized in continuing operations

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income in Compensation and benefits (in millions):

Years ended December 31	2018		2017		2016
Restricted share units (“RSUs”)	$	186	$	182	$	176
Performance share awards ("PSAs")	143		127		120
Employee share purchase plans	9		10		10
Total share-based compensation expense	338		319		306
Tax benefit	74		73		90
Share-based compensation expense, net of tax	$	264	$	246	$	216

Restricted share unit activity

The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s RSUs, including shares related to the Divested Business (shares in

thousands, except fair value):

	2018				2017				2016
Years ended December 31	Shares		Fair Value at Date of Grant		Shares		Fair Value at Date of Grant		Shares		Fair Value at Date of Grant
Non-vested at beginning of year	4,849		$	104	6,195		$	89	7,167		$	77
Granted	1,500		141		1,700		123		2,252		101
Vested	(1,943	)	97		(2,407	)	82		(2,845	)	70
Forfeited	(198	)	114		(639	)	93		(379	)	82
Non-vested at end of year	4,208		$	120	4,849		$	104	6,195		$	89

Performance-based plans

The following table summarizes the Company’s target PSAs granted and shares that would be issued at current performance levels for PSAs granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 (shares in thousands and dollars in millions, except fair value):

	2018		2017		2016
Target PSAs granted during period	564		548		750
Weighted average fair value per share at date of grant	$	134	$	114	$	100
Number of shares that would be issued based on current performance levels	840		1,068		1,122
Unamortized expense, based on current performance levels	$	81	$	44	$	—