Restructuring Restructuring and Related Activities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

The following table summarizes restructuring and separation costs by type that have been incurred through December 31, 2018 and are estimated to be incurred through the end of the Restructuring Plan (in millions). Estimated costs by type may be revised in future periods as these assumptions are updated:



	Year Ended December 31, 2018		Inception to Date		Estimated Remaining Costs		Estimated Total Cost ⁽¹⁾
Workforce reduction	$	115	$	414	$	36	$	450
Technology rationalization ⁽²⁾	47		80		50		130
Lease consolidation ⁽²⁾	28		36		29		65
Asset impairments	13		39		11		50
Other costs associated with restructuring and separation ^{(2) (3)}	282		413		117		530
Total restructuring and related expenses	$	485	982		$	243	$	1,225

(1)

Actual costs, when incurred, may vary due to changes in the assumptions built into the Restructuring Plan. Significant assumptions that may change when plans are finalized and implemented include, but are not limited to, changes in severance calculations, changes in the assumptions underlying sublease loss calculations due to changing market conditions, and changes in the overall analysis that might cause the Company to add or cancel component initiatives.

(2)

Total contract termination costs incurred under the Restructuring Plan associated with Technology rationalizations, Lease consolidations, and Other costs associated with restructuring and separation, respectively, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 were $5 million, $25 million, and $85 million; and since inception of the Restructuring Plan, were $6 million, $33 million, and $88 million, respectively. Total estimated contract termination costs expected to be incurred under the Restructuring Plan associated with Technology rationalizations, Lease consolidations, and Other costs associated with restructuring and separation, respectively, are $15 million, $80 million, and $95 million.


(3)	Other costs associated with the Restructuring Plan include primarily those to separate the Divested Business, as well as moving costs and consulting and legal fees. These costs are generally recognized when incurred.

Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost

The changes in the Company’s liabilities for the Restructuring Plan as of December 31, 2018 are as follows (in millions):



	Restructuring Plan
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	186
Expensed	448
Cash payments	(425		)
Foreign currency translation and other	(8		)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	201