Derivatives and Hedging

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2015

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging

Derivatives and Hedging

The Company is exposed to market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.  To manage the risk related to these exposures, the Company enters into various derivative instruments that reduce these risks by creating offsetting exposures.  The Company does not enter into derivative transactions for trading or speculative purposes.

Foreign Exchange Risk Management

The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk when it earns revenues, pays expenses, or enters into monetary intercompany transfers denominated in a currency that differs from its functional currency, or other transactions that are denominated in a currency other than its functional currency.  The Company uses foreign exchange derivatives, typically forward contracts, options and cross currency swaps, to reduce its overall exposure to the effects of currency fluctuations on cash flows.  These exposures are hedged, on average, for less than two years. These derivatives are accounted for as hedges, and changes in fair value are recorded each period in Other comprehensive income (loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

The Company also uses foreign exchange derivatives, typically forward contracts and options to economically hedge the currency exposure of the Company's global liquidity profile, including monetary assets or liabilities that are denominated in a non-functional currency of an entity, typically in a rolling 30 day basis, but may be for up to one year in the future. These derivatives are not accounted for as hedges, and changes in fair value are recorded each period in Other income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Interest Rate Risk Management

The Company holds variable-rate short-term brokerage and other operating deposits. The Company uses interest rate derivatives, typically swaps, to reduce its exposure to the effects of interest rate fluctuations on the forecasted interest receipts from these deposits for up to two years in the future.

Certain derivatives also give rise to credit risks from the possible non-performance by counterparties.  The credit risk at the balance sheet date is generally limited to the fair value of those contracts that are favorable to the Company.  The Company has reduced its credit risk by (1) using International Swaps and Derivatives Association master agreements, collateral and credit support arrangements, (2) entering into non-exchange-traded derivatives with highly-rated major financial institutions and (3) using exchange-traded instruments.  The Company monitors the creditworthiness of, and exposure to, its counterparties.  As of June 30, 2015, all net derivative positions were free of credit risk contingent features.  The Company had not received or pledged any collateral related to derivative arrangements as of June 30, 2015.

The notional and fair values of derivative instruments are as follows (in millions):

	Notional Amount				Derivative Assets (1)				Derivative Liabilities (2)
	June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014		June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014		June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Derivatives accounted for as hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	998		1,200		54		46		57		58
Total	998		1,200		54		46		57		58
Derivatives not accounted for as hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts (3)	167		165		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,165	$	1,365	$	54	$	46	$	57	$	58

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(1) Included within Other current assets ($28 million at June 30, 2015 and $24 million at December 31, 2014) or Other non-current assets ($26 million at June 30, 2015 and $22 million at December 31, 2014).

(2) Included within Other current liabilities ($47 million at June 30, 2015 and $52 million at December 31, 2014) or Other non-current liabilities ($10 million at June 30, 2015 and $6 million at December 31, 2014).

(3) These contracts typically are for 30 day durations and executed close to the last day of the most recent reporting month, thereby resulting in nominal fair values at the balance sheet date.

Offsetting of financial assets and derivatives assets are as follows (in millions):

	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets				Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position						Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Position (1)
	June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014		June 30, 2015			December 31, 2014			June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Derivatives accounted for as hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	54		46		(20		)	(14		)	34		32
Total	54		46		(20		)	(14		)	34		32
Derivatives not accounted for as hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts	—		—		—			—			—		—
Total	$	54	$	46	$	(20	)	$	(14	)	$	34	$	32

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(1) Included within Other current assets ($17 million at June 30, 2015 and $12 million at December 31, 2014) or Other non-current assets ($17 million at June 30, 2015 and $20 million at December 31, 2014).

Offsetting of financial liabilities and derivative liabilities are as follows (in millions):

	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities				Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position						Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Financial Position (1)
	June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014		June 30, 2015			December 31, 2014			June 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Derivatives accounted for as hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	57		58		(20		)	(14		)	37		44
Total	57		58		(20		)	(14		)	37		44
Derivatives not accounted for as hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts	—		—		—			—			—		—
Total	$	57	$	58	$	(20	)	$	(14	)	$	37	$	44

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(1) Included within Other current liabilities ($36 million at June 30, 2015 and $40 million at December 31, 2014) or Other non-current liabilities ($1 million at June 30, 2015 and $4 million at December 31, 2014).

The amounts of derivative gains (losses) recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in millions):

Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Location of future reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss								Gain (Loss) recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses		Interest Expense		Other Income (Expense)		Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	1		3		—		10		14
Total	$	1	$	3	$	—	$	10	$	14

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014
	Location of future reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss								Gain (Loss) recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses		Interest Expense		Other Income (Expense)		Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	5		—		—		10		15
Total	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	10	$	15

Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Location of future reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss								Gain (Loss) recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses		Interest Expense		Other Income (Expense)		Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	6		1		—		6		13
Total	$	6	$	1	$	—	$	6	$	13

Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
	Location of future reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss									Gain (Loss) recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses		Interest Expense		Other Income (Expense)			Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	16		—		—		(9		)	7
Total	$	16	$	—	$	—	$	(9	)	$	7

Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Gain (Loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion):	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses			Interest Expense			Other Income (Expense)		Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—					$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	1		(1		)	(2		)	5		3
Total	$	1	$	(1	)	$	(2	)	$	5	$	3

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014
Gain (Loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion):	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses		Interest Expense			Other Income (Expense)		Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	—		—		(3		)	5		2
Total	$	—	$	—	$	(3	)	$	5	$	2

Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Gain (Loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion):	Compensation and Benefits		Other General Expenses			Interest Expense			Other Income (Expense)			Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—	$	—		$	(1	)	$	—		$	(1	)
Foreign exchange contracts	1		(1		)	(4		)	(3		)	(7		)
Total	$	1	$	(1	)	$	(5	)	$	(3	)	$	(8	)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
Gain (Loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion):	Compensation and Benefits			Other General Expenses		Interest Expense			Other Income (Expense)			Total
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	—		$	—	$	(1	)	$	—		$	(1	)
Foreign exchange contracts	(2		)	—		(5		)	(12		)	(19		)
Total	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(6	)	$	(12	)	$	(20	)

The Company estimates that approximately $1 million of pretax losses currently included within Accumulated other comprehensive loss will be reclassified into earnings in the next twelve months.

The amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on the ineffective portion of derivatives for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2015 and 2014 was not material.

During the three and six months endedJune 30, 2015, the Company recorded a gain of $2 million and $9 million, respectively, in Other income (expense) for foreign exchange derivatives not designated or qualifying as hedges. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, the Company recorded a gain of $4 million and a loss of $1 million, respectively, in Other income for foreign exchange derivatives not designated or qualifying as hedges.