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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES	12 Months Ended
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES	Dec. 31, 2015
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES	14. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES Research expenditures that relate to the development of new products and processes, including significant improvements and refinements to existing products, are expensed as incurred. Such costs were $191 million in 2015, $197 million in 2014 and $188 million in 2013. The company did not participate in any material customer sponsored research during 2015, 2014 or 2013.