RESTRUCTURING

On an ongoing basis, we review the global economy, the healthcare industry and the markets in which we compete to identify opportunities for efficiencies, enhance commercial capabilities, align our resources and offer our customers better solutions. In order to realize these opportunities, we undertake restructuring-type activities to transform our business.

On November 1, 2017, we launched a Complexity Reduction Initiative (the "2018 Program"), a company-wide restructuring program designed to improve operational performance and reduce cost, freeing up resources to invest in accelerated growth. This program includes a reduction of headcount and operating costs which will enable a more streamlined organizational structure. We expect to incur aggregate charges between $50 million and $60 million associated with these actions, of which we expect $35 million to $40 million will consist of severance and other employee costs and the remainder will consist of other exit costs, primarily related to third party services. These charges, substantially all of which will result in cash outlays, will be incurred as the specific actions required to execute on these initiatives are identified and approved and are expected to continue through fiscal 2020. During fiscal 2018 we incurred, $36.6 million of restructuring and turnaround costs under this program.

During fiscal 2017, we launched a restructuring program (the "2017 Program") designed to reposition our organization and improve our cost structure. During fiscal 2018 and 2017, we incurred $7.2 million and $28.7 million, respectively, of restructuring and turnaround charges under this program. As of March 31, 2018, charges associated with the 2017 Program were substantially complete.

The following table summarizes the activity for restructuring reserves related to the 2018 Program and the 2017 and Prior Programs for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2018, April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016, substantially all of which relates to employee severance and other employee costs:



(In thousands)	2018 Program			2017 and Prior Programs			Total
Balance at March 28, 2015	$	—		$	16,612		$	16,612
Costs incurred, net of reversals	—			23,055			23,055
Payments	—			(26,413		)	(26,413		)
Non-cash adjustments	—			(4,502		)	(4,502		)
Balance at April 2, 2016	$	—		$	8,752		$	8,752
Costs incurred, net of reversals	—			21,833			21,833
Payments	—			(22,317		)	(22,317		)
Non-cash adjustments	—			(800		)	(800		)
Balance at April 1, 2017	$	—		$	7,468		$	7,468
Costs incurred, net of reversals	29,694			835			30,529
Payments	(1,363		)	(6,897		)	(8,260		)
Non-cash adjustments	(1,202		)	—			(1,202		)
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	27,129		$	1,406		$	28,535

The substantial majority of restructuring costs during fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016 have been included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income (loss). As of March 31, 2018, we had a restructuring liability of $28.5 million, of which, approximately $24.6 million is payable within the next twelve months.

In addition to the restructuring expenses included in the table above, we also incurred costs of $13.6 million, $12.5 million and $19.2 million in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, that do not constitute as restructuring under ASC 420, Exit and Disposal Cost Obligations, which we refer to as turnaround costs. These costs, substantially all of which have been included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income (loss), consist primarily of expenditures directly related to our restructuring actions and include program management, costs associated with the implementation of outsourcing initiatives and recent accounting standards and accelerated depreciation.

The tables below present restructuring and turnaround costs by reportable segment:



Restructuring costs
(In thousands)	2018			2017		2016
Japan	$	514		$	819	$	9
EMEA	1,496			4,272		3,210
North America Plasma	565			366		—
All Other	27,954			16,376		19,836
Total	$	30,529		$	21,833	$	23,055

Turnaround costs
(In thousands)	2018			2017		2016
Japan	$	—		$	2	$	416
EMEA	(107		)	94		961
North America Plasma	976			972		—
All Other	12,727			11,415		17,852
Total	$	13,596		$	12,483	$	19,229

Total restructuring and turnaround	$	44,125		$	34,316	$	42,284