NOTE 13: RESTRUCTURING LIABILITIES

Charges for restructuring activities are recorded in the period in which Kodak commits to a formalized restructuring plan, or executes the specific actions contemplated by the plan, and all criteria for liability recognition under the applicable accounting guidance have been met. Restructuring actions taken in the first nine months of 2017 were initiated to reduce Kodak’s cost structure as part of its commitment to drive sustainable profitability and included actions associated with the Prosper business cost reduction, voluntary workforce transition plans in the U.S., an office closure in Switzerland, the cancellation of the copper touch screen program, as well as various targeted reductions in manufacturing, service, sales, research and development and other administrative functions.

Restructuring Reserve Activity

The activity in the accrued balances and the non-cash charges and credits incurred in relation to restructuring activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were as follows:

(in millions)	Severance Reserve ⁽¹⁾			Exit Costs Reserve ⁽¹⁾			Long-lived Asset Impairments and Inventory Write-downs ⁽¹⁾			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2016	$	5		$	3		$	—		$	8
Q1 charges		5			—			8			13
Q1 utilization/cash payments		(3	)		—			(8	)		(11	)
Q1 other adjustments and reclasses ⁽²⁾		(1	)		—			—			(1	)
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	6		$	3		$	—		$	9
Q2 charges	$	8		$	3		$	—		$	11
Q2 utilization/cash payments		(3	)		(1	)		—			(4	)
Q2 other adjustments and reclasses ⁽³⁾		(4	)		—			—			(4	)
Balance as of June 30, 2017	$	7		$	5		$	—		$	12
Q3 charges	$	4		$	—		$	1		$	5
Q3 utilization/cash payments		(2	)		—			(1	)		(3	)
Q3 other adjustments and reclasses ⁽⁴⁾		(3	)		—			—			(3	)
Balance as of September 30, 2017	$	6		$	5		$	—		$	11

⁽¹⁾	The severance and exit costs reserves require the outlay of cash, while long-lived asset impairments and inventory write-downs represent non-cash items.

⁽²⁾	The $(1) million represents severance related charges for pension plan special termination benefits, which are reflected in Pension and other postretirement liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.

⁽³⁾	The $(4) million includes $(5) million of severance related charges for pension plan special termination benefits, which were reclassified to Pension and other postretirement liabilities, and $1 million of foreign currency translation adjustments.

⁽⁴⁾	The $(3) million represents severance related charges for pension plan special termination benefits, which are reflected in Pension and other postretirement liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.

For the three months ended September 30, 2017 the $5 million of charges including $1 million of charges for inventory write-downs which were reported in Cost of revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The remaining $4 million was reported as Restructuring costs and other.

The severance costs for the three months ended September 30, 2017 related to the elimination of approximately 100 positions including approximately 25 manufacturing/service positions, 25 research and development positions and 50 administrative positions. The geographic composition of these positions includes approximately 75 in the United States and Canada and 25 throughout the rest of the world.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 the $29 million of charges includes $7 million of charges for inventory write-downs which were reported in Cost of revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The remaining $22 million was reported as Restructuring costs and other.

The severance costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 related to the elimination of approximately 300 positions including approximately 100 manufacturing/service positions, 50 research and development positions and 150 administrative positions. The geographic composition of these positions includes approximately 200 in the United States and Canada and 100 throughout the rest of the world.

As a result of these initiatives, the majority of the severance will be paid during periods through the first quarter of 2018. However, in some instances, the employees whose positions were eliminated can elect or are required to receive their payments over an extended period of time. In addition, certain exit costs, such as long-term lease payments, will be paid over periods throughout the remainder of 2017 and beyond.