The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Eastman Kodak Company (“EKC” or the “Company”), its wholly owned subsidiaries, and its majority owned subsidiaries (collectively “Kodak”). Kodak consolidates variable interest entities if Kodak has a controlling financial interest and is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the entity. Kodak accounts for investments in companies over which it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but does not hold a controlling interest, under the equity method of accounting, and Kodak records its proportionate share of income or losses in Other income (charges), net in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Kodak accounts for investments in companies over which it does not have the ability to exercise significant influence under the cost method of accounting. These investments are carried at cost and are adjusted only for other-than-temporary declines in fair value. Kodak has eliminated all significant intercompany accounts and transactions, and net earnings are reduced by the portion of the net earnings of subsidiaries applicable to non-controlling interests.

Certain amounts for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period classification due to changes in Kodak’s segment reporting structure and the presentation of discontinued operations. Refer to Note 26, “Segment Information” and Note 25, “Discontinued Operations” for additional information.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at year end, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

In conjunction with Kodak’s goodwill impairment analysis in the fourth quarter of 2010, Kodak reviewed its estimates of the remaining useful lives of its then Film, Photofinishing and Entertainment Group segment’s long-lived assets. This analysis indicated that overall these assets will continue to be used in these businesses for a longer period than anticipated in 2008, the last time that depreciable lives were adjusted for these assets. As a result, Kodak revised the useful lives of certain existing production machinery and equipment, and manufacturing-related buildings effective January 1, 2011. These assets, many of which were previously set to fully depreciate by 2012 to 2013, were changed to depreciate with estimated useful lives ending from 2012 to 2017. This change in useful lives reflects Kodak’s current estimate of future periods to be benefited from the use of the property, plant, and equipment.

The effect of this change in estimate for the year ended December 31, 2011 was a reduction in depreciation expense of $38 million, $32 million of which would have been recognized in Cost of sales, and $6 million of which would have been capitalized as inventories at December 31, 2011. The net impact of this change is an increase in earnings from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 of $32 million, or $.12 on a fully-diluted earnings per share basis.

For most subsidiaries and branches outside the U.S., the local currency is the functional currency. The financial statements of these subsidiaries and branches are translated into U.S. dollars as follows: assets and liabilities at year-end exchange rates; income, expenses and cash flows at average exchange rates; and shareholders’ equity at historical exchange rates. For those subsidiaries for which the local currency is the functional currency, the resulting translation adjustment is recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Translation adjustments related to investments that are permanent in nature are not tax-effected.

For certain other subsidiaries and branches, operations are conducted primarily in U.S. dollars, which is therefore the functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities of these foreign subsidiaries and branches, which are recorded in local currency, are remeasured at year-end exchange rates, while the related revenue, expense, and gain and loss accounts, which are recorded in local currency, are remeasured at average exchange rates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities, and the related revenue, expense, and gain and loss accounts, are remeasured at historical rates. Adjustments that result from the remeasurement of the assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are included in Net (loss) earnings in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Financial instruments that potentially subject Kodak to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, and derivative instruments. Kodak places its cash and cash equivalents with high-quality financial institutions and limits the amount of credit exposure to any one institution. With respect to receivables, such receivables arise from sales to numerous customers in a variety of industries, markets, and geographies around the world. Receivables arising from these sales are generally not collateralized. Kodak performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions, and maintains reserves for potential credit losses and such losses, in the aggregate, have not exceeded management’s expectations. With respect to the derivative instruments, the counterparties to these contracts are major financial institutions. Kodak has not experienced non-performance by any of its derivative instruments counterparties.

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of all of Kodak’s inventories is determined by either the “first in, first out” (“FIFO”) or average cost method, which approximates current cost. Kodak provides inventory reserves for excess, obsolete or slow-moving inventory based on changes in customer demand, technology developments or other economic factors.

Properties are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Kodak capitalizes additions and improvements. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Kodak calculates depreciation expense using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives, which are as follows:

Kodak depreciates leasehold improvements over the shorter of the lease term or the asset’s estimated useful life. Upon sale or other disposition, the applicable amounts of asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the net amount, less proceeds from disposal, is charged or credited to net (loss) earnings.

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price of an acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but is required to be assessed for impairment at least annually. Kodak has elected September 30 as the annual impairment assessment date for all of its goodwill reporting units, and will perform additional impairment tests when events or changes in circumstances occur that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. A reporting unit is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Kodak estimates the fair value of its reporting units using income and market approaches, through the application of discounted cash flow and market comparable methods, respectively. The assessment is required to be performed in two steps, step one to test for a potential impairment of goodwill and, if potential losses are identified, step two to measure the impairment loss. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Refer to Note 8, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.”

Kodak’s revenue transactions include sales of the following: products; equipment; software; services; integrated solutions; and intellectual property licensing. Kodak recognizes revenue when realized or realizable and earned, which is when the following criteria are met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the sales price is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. If Kodak determines that collection of a fee is not reasonably assured, the fee is deferred and revenue is recognized at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of payment. At the time revenue is recognized, Kodak provides for the estimated costs of customer incentive programs, warranties and estimated returns and reduces revenue accordingly. Kodak accrues the estimated cost of post-sale obligations, including basic product warranties, based on historical experience at the time Kodak recognizes revenue.

For equipment sales, the recognition criteria are generally met when the equipment is delivered and installed at the customer site. Revenue is recognized for equipment upon delivery as opposed to upon installation when the equipment has stand-alone value to the customer, and the amount of revenue allocable to the equipment is not legally contingent upon the completion of the installation. In instances in which the agreement with the customer contains a customer acceptance clause, revenue is deferred until customer acceptance is obtained, provided the customer acceptance clause is considered to be substantive. For certain agreements, Kodak does not consider these customer acceptance clauses to be substantive because Kodak can and does replicate the customer acceptance test environment and performs the agreed upon product testing prior to shipment. In these instances, revenue is recognized upon installation of the equipment.

Revenue from the sale of software licenses is recognized when; (1) Kodak enters into a legally binding arrangement with a customer for the license of software; (2) Kodak delivers the software; (3) customer payment is deemed fixed or determinable and free of contingencies or significant uncertainties; and (4) collection from the customer is probable. Software maintenance and support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the related maintenance contract.

Revenue from services includes extended warranty, customer support and maintenance agreements, consulting, business process services, training and education. Service revenue is recognized over the contractual period or as services are performed. In service arrangements where final acceptance of a system or solution by the customer is required, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met.

The timing and the amount of revenue recognized from the licensing of intellectual property depend upon a variety of factors, including the specific terms of each agreement and the nature of the deliverables and obligations. Revenue is only recognized after all of the following criteria are met: (1) Kodak enters into a legally binding arrangement with a licensee of Kodak’s intellectual property, (2) Kodak delivers the technology or intellectual property rights, (3) licensee payment is deemed fixed or determinable and free of contingencies or significant uncertainties, and (4) collection from the licensee is reasonably assured.

Kodak's transactions may involve the sale of equipment, software, and related services under multiple element arrangements. Kodak allocates revenue to the various elements based on available vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”), third party evidence (“TPE”), or best estimated selling price (“BESP”). Revenue allocated to an individual element is recognized when all other revenue recognition criteria are met for that element. Kodak limits the amount of revenue recognition for delivered elements to the amount that is not contingent on the future delivery of products or services, future performance obligations or subject to customer-specified return or refund privileges.

Kodak evaluates each deliverable in an arrangement to determine whether they represent separate units of accounting. A deliverable constitutes a separate unit of accounting when it has stand-alone value to the customer, and if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in our control. If these criteria are not met, the arrangement is accounted for as one unit of accounting and the recognition of revenue generally occurs upon delivery/completion or ratably as a single unit of accounting over the contractual service period.

Consideration in a multiple element arrangement is allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables on the basis of the relative selling price. When applying the relative selling price method, the selling price for each deliverable is based on its VSOE if available, TPE if VSOE is not available, or BESP if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. Kodak establishes VSOE of selling price using the price charged for a deliverable when sold separately. TPE of selling price is established by evaluating largely similar and interchangeable competitor products or services in standalone sales to similarly situated customers. The best estimate of selling price is established by considering internal factors such as margin objectives, pricing practices and controls, customer segment pricing strategies and the product life cycle. Consideration is also given to geographies, market conditions such as competitor pricing strategies and industry technology life cycles. Kodak regularly reviews VSOE, TPE and BESP and maintains internal controls over the establishment and updates of these estimates.

Most of Kodak’s equipment has both software and non-software components that function together to deliver the equipment’s essential functionality and therefore they are accounted for together as non-software deliverables. Non-essential software sold in connection with Kodak’s equipment sales is off-the-shelf and accounted for as separate deliverables or elements. In most cases these software products sold as part of a multiple element arrangement include software maintenance agreements as well as unspecified upgrades or enhancements on a when-and-if-available basis. In those multiple element arrangements where non-essential software deliverables are included, revenue is allocated to non-software and to software deliverables each as a group based on relative selling prices of each of the deliverables in the arrangement. The software deliverables are subject to software accounting whereby revenue is allocated based on relative VSOE or based on the residual method when VSOE exists for all undelivered software elements such as post-contract support. Revenue allocated to the software deliverables is deferred and amortized over the contract period if VSOE does not exist for the undelivered elements. Revenue allocated to software licenses is recognized when all other revenue criteria have been met. Revenue generated from maintenance and unspecified upgrades or updates on a when-and-if-available basis is recognized over the contract period.

At the time revenue is recognized, Kodak also records reductions to revenue for customer incentive programs. Such incentive programs include cash and volume discounts, price protection, promotional, cooperative and other advertising allowances, and coupons. For those incentives that require the estimation of sales volumes or redemption rates, such as for volume rebates or coupons, Kodak uses historical experience and internal and customer data to estimate the sales incentive at the time revenue is recognized.

In instances where Kodak provides slotting fees or similar arrangements, this incentive is recognized as a reduction in revenue when payment is made to the customer (or at the time Kodak has incurred the obligation, if earlier) unless Kodak receives a benefit over a period of time, in which case the incentive is recorded as an asset and is amortized as a reduction of revenue over the period in which the benefit is realized. Arrangements in which Kodak receives an identifiable benefit include arrangements that have enforceable exclusivity provisions and include claw-back provisions entitling Kodak to a pro rata reimbursement if the customer does not fulfill its obligations under the contract.

Kodak may offer customer financing to assist customers in their acquisition of Kodak’s products. At the time a financing transaction is consummated, which qualifies as a sales-type lease, Kodak records equipment revenue equal to the total lease receivable net of unearned income. Unearned income is recognized as finance income using the effective interest method over the term of the lease. Leases not qualifying as sales-type leases are accounted for as operating leases. Kodak recognizes revenue from operating leases as earned.

Research and development (“R&D”) costs, which include costs incurred in connection with new product development, fundamental and exploratory research, process improvement, product use technology and product accreditation, are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. The acquisition-date fair value of R&D assets acquired in a business combination is capitalized.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations. Advertising expenses amounted to $88 million, $162 million, and $194 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

Kodak reviews the carrying values of its long-lived assets, other than goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable. Kodak assesses the recoverability of the carrying values of long-lived assets by first grouping its long-lived assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities (the asset group) and, secondly, by estimating the undiscounted future cash flows that are directly associated with and that are expected to arise from the use of and eventual disposition of such asset group. Kodak estimates the undiscounted cash flows over the remaining useful life of the primary asset within the asset group. If the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows, Kodak records an impairment charge to the extent the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value. Kodak determines fair value through quoted market prices in active markets or, if quoted market prices are unavailable, through the performance of internal analyses of discounted cash flows.

In connection with its assessment of recoverability of its long-lived assets and its ongoing strategic review of the business and its operations, Kodak continually reviews the remaining useful lives of its long-lived assets. If this review indicates that the remaining useful life of the long-lived asset has changed significantly, Kodak adjusts the depreciation on that asset to facilitate full cost recovery over its revised estimated remaining useful life.

Kodak recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of operating losses, credit carry-forwards and temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of Kodak’s assets and liabilities. Kodak records a valuation allowance to reduce its net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. For discussion of the amounts and components of the valuation allowances as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, see Note 18, “Income Taxes.”

Basic earnings per share computations are based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. As a result of the net loss from continuing operations presented for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, Kodak calculated diluted earnings per share using weighted-average basic shares outstanding for each period, as utilizing diluted shares would be anti-dilutive to loss per share. Weighted-average basic shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 were 271.8 million, 269.1 million, and 268.5 million shares, respectively.

The computation of diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 also excluded the assumed conversion of outstanding employee stock options and detachable warrants to purchase common shares, because the effects would be anti-dilutive. The following table sets forth the total amount of outstanding employee stock options and detachable warrants to purchase common shares as of December 31 for each reporting period:

Diluted earnings per share calculations could also reflect shares related to the assumed conversion of approximately $400 million of convertible senior notes due 2017, if dilutive. Kodak’s diluted (loss) earnings per share excludes the effect of these convertible securities, as they were anti-dilutive for all periods presented. Refer to Note 11, “Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt.”

In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2011-08, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 350) – Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” ASU No. 2011-08 amends the impairment test for goodwill by allowing companies to first assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that goodwill might be impaired and whether it is necessary to perform the current two-step goodwill impairment test. The changes to the ASC as a result of this update were effective prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 (January 1, 2012 for Kodak). The adoption of this guidance did not impact Kodak’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220) - Presentation of Comprehensive Income.” ASU No. 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of equity and requires an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220) – Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05.” ASU 2011-12 deferred the provision within ASU 2011-05 requiring entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the income statement and the statement in which other comprehensive income is presented. ASU 2011-12 does not change the other provisions instituted within ASU 2011-05. The amendments of both ASUs were effective retrospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011 (January 1, 2012 for Kodak). The adoption of this guidance required changes in presentation only and did not have an impact on Kodak's Consolidated Financial Statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (ASC Topic 820) - Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.” ASU No. 2011-04 amends current fair value measurement and disclosure guidance to include increased transparency around valuation inputs and investment categorization. The changes to the ASC as a result of this update were effective prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 (January 1, 2012 for Kodak). The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on Kodak’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” ASU No. 2013-02 requires presentation of reclassification adjustments from each component of accumulated other comprehensive income either in a single note or parenthetically on the face of the financial statements, for those amounts required to be reclassified into Net income in their entirety in the same reporting period. For amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety in the same reporting period, cross-reference to other disclosures is required. This update is effective for Kodak beginning January 1, 2013. The adoption of this guidance requires changes in presentation only and will have no impact on Kodak’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (ASC Topic 350) – Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment.” ASU No. 2012-02 amends the impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets by allowing companies to first assess the qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset might be impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. The changes to the ASC as a result of this update are effective prospectively for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012 (January 1, 2013 for Kodak). Kodak does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-10, “Derecognition of in Substance Real Estate – a Scope Clarification,” which amends ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment.” ASU No. 2011-10 states that when an investor ceases to have a controlling financial interest in an entity that is in-substance real estate as a result of a default on the entity’s nonrecourse debt, the investor should apply the guidance under ASC Subtopic 360-20, Property, Plant and Equipment – Real Estate Sales to determine whether to derecognize the entity’s assets (including real estate) and liabilities (including the nonrecourse debt). The changes to the ASC as a result of this update are effective prospectively for deconsolidation events occurring during fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after June 15, 2012 (January 1, 2013 for Kodak). Adoption of this guidance will not impact Kodak’s Consolidated Financial Statements.