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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Provision for Income Taxes The provision for income taxes was as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2019
   
2018
   
2017
 
Currently (receivable) payable:
                 
Federal (1)
 
$
12,994
   
$
(9,071
)
 
$
15,513
 
State
   
2,622
     
205
     
642
 
Foreign
   
22,680
     
23,187
     
25,254
 
 
   
38,296
     
14,321
     
41,409
 
Deferred expense (benefit):
                       
Federal
   
(17,246
)
   
3,977
     
18,458
 
State
   
18
     
3,164
     
215
 
Foreign
   
(2,112
)
   
2,703
     
(1,259
)
 
   
(19,340
)
   
9,844
     
17,414
 
Income taxes
 
$
18,956
   
$
24,165
   
$
58,823
 

(1)
In 2018 and 2017, this amount includes $(3.9) million and $7.4 million, respectively, of income tax (benefit) expense related to the one-time transition tax on earnings of foreign subsidiaries enacted by the 2017 Tax Legislation (See discussion below). There was no liability for this amount recorded as of December 31, 2018. 
Tax Effects of Temporary Differences - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following:

(in thousands)
 
2019
   
2018
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
Benefit plans
 
$
6,293
   
$
6,788
 
Liabilities and reserves
   
21,085
     
12,563
 
Operating loss and credit carryovers(1)
   
82,000
     
65,392
 
Other
   
1,126
     
1,404
 
Gross deferred tax assets
   
110,504
     
86,147
 
Valuation allowance(1)
   
(54,326
)
   
(50,702
)
Deferred tax assets
   
56,178
     
35,445
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Property, plant and equipment
   
(29,869
)
   
(29,372
)
Goodwill
   
(21,744
)
   
(21,372
)
Other
   
(5,192
)
   
(4,488
)
Deferred tax liabilities
   
(56,805
)
   
(55,232
)
Net deferred tax liabilities
 
$
(627
)
 
$
(19,787
)

(1)
In the first quarter of 2019, the Company recognized an increase in its foreign tax credit carryover and corresponding valuation allowance of $16.2 million, related to the finalization of certain tax regulations.
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation The effective tax rate differed from the statutory federal income tax rate as described below:

 
 
2019
   
2018
   
2017
 
Taxes at statutory rate
   
21.0
%
   
21.0
%
   
35.0
%
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
   
2.2
     
1.1
     
0.3
 
Tax credits
   
(2.6
)
   
(1.5
)
   
(1.1
)
Taxes on foreign earnings
   
5.1
     
(0.4
)
   
0.2
 
Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income
   
0.9
     
0.6
     
-
 
Resolution of prior years’ tax matters
   
(0.4
)
   
(0.3
)
   
0.1
 
U.S. manufacturing deduction
   
-
     
-
     
(1.4
)
Valuation allowance adjustments
   
(8.8
)
   
0.4
     
-
 
2017 Tax Legislation
   
-
     
(3.7
)
   
12.4
 
Loss on foreign branch remittances
   
-
     
-
     
(5.2
)
U.S. tax accounting method changes
   
-
     
(2.9
)
   
-
 
Other, net
   
1.4
     
(1.0
)
   
(0.7
)
Effective tax rate
   
18.8
%
   
13.3
%
   
39.6
%
Earnings Before Income Taxes Earnings before income taxes were as follows: 

(In thousands)
 
2019
   
2018
   
2017
 
United States
 
$
38,356
   
$
80,641
   
$
88,479
 
Foreign
   
62,647
     
100,884
     
59,944
 
Total
 
$
101,003
   
$
181,525
   
$
148,423
 
Reconciliation of Change in Liability for Unrecognized Tax Benefits A reconciliation of the change in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits for 2019 and 2018 is as follows:

(in thousands)
 
2019
   
2018
 
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
6,026
   
$
6,276
 
Increases for tax positions taken in the current year
   
750
     
834
 
Increases for tax positions taken in prior years
   
199
     
271
 
Decreases related to settlements with tax authorities
   
(341
)
   
(177
)
Decreases as a result of lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations
   
(591
)
   
(920
)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes
   
(11
)
   
(258
)
Balance at the end of year
 
$
6,032
   
$
6,026