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Leases (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]  
Lease, Cost
The components of lease cost for 2023, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
Year Ended
202320222021
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of finance lease assets$16,061 $15,440 $13,992 
Interest on finance lease liabilities42,624 42,918 41,419 
58,685 58,358 55,411 
Operating lease cost85,138 86,050 89,283 
Variable lease cost (a)66,859 64,473 63,853 
Short-term lease cost5,864 5,439 5,102 
Total operating lease cost (b)157,861 155,962 158,238 
Total lease cost$216,546 $214,320 $213,649 
_______________

(a)Includes expenses for executory costs of $39,456, $38,749, and $39,646 for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for which the Company is reimbursed by sublessees.

(b)Includes $125,180, $123,924 and $132,158 for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, recorded to “Franchise rental expense” for leased properties that are subsequently leased to franchisees. Also includes $30,538, $29,648 and $23,558 for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, recorded to “Cost of sales” for leases for Company-operated restaurants.
Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow and Non-cash Information Related to Leases
The following table includes supplemental cash flow and non-cash information related to leases:
Year Ended
202320222021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from finance leases$42,624 $42,979 $42,277 
Operating cash flows from operating leases86,972 88,372 91,930 
Financing cash flows from finance leases21,588 17,312 13,640 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Finance lease liabilities20,243 34,478 82,032 
Operating lease liabilities12,659 24,742 58,770 
Schedule of Supplemental Information Related to Leases
The following table includes supplemental information related to leases:
Year End
December 31, 2023January 1,
2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):
Finance leases14.315.1
Operating leases12.613.7
Weighted average discount rate:
Finance leases8.52 %8.66 %
Operating leases4.93 %4.90 %
Supplemental balance sheet information:
Finance lease assets, gross$318,951 $310,686 
Accumulated amortization(90,015)(76,116)
Finance lease assets228,936 234,570 
Operating lease assets705,615 754,498 
Finance Lease, Liability, Maturity
The following table illustrates the Company’s future minimum rental payments for non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2023:
Finance
Leases		Operating
Leases
Fiscal YearCompany-OperatedFranchise
and Other		Company-OperatedFranchise
and Other
2024$6,904 $55,492 $22,052 $64,636 
20257,104 56,121 22,048 64,432 
20267,249 57,817 22,500 63,967 
20277,293 58,702 22,439 63,678 
20287,350 59,919 22,223 63,869 
Thereafter78,045 563,716 169,965 469,484 
Total minimum payments$113,945 $851,767 $281,227 $790,066 
Less interest
(36,660)(340,035)(71,529)(211,071)
Present value of minimum lease payments (a) (b)$77,285 $511,732 $209,698 $578,995 
_______________

(a)The present value of minimum finance lease payments of $20,250 and $568,767 are included in “Current portion of finance lease liabilities” and “Long-term finance lease liabilities,” respectively.

(b)The present value of minimum operating lease payments of $49,353 and $739,340 are included in “Current portion of operating lease liabilities” and “Long-term operating lease liabilities,” respectively.
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity
The following table illustrates the Company’s future minimum rental payments for non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2023:
Finance
Leases		Operating
Leases
Fiscal YearCompany-OperatedFranchise
and Other		Company-OperatedFranchise
and Other
2024$6,904 $55,492 $22,052 $64,636 
20257,104 56,121 22,048 64,432 
20267,249 57,817 22,500 63,967 
20277,293 58,702 22,439 63,678 
20287,350 59,919 22,223 63,869 
Thereafter78,045 563,716 169,965 469,484 
Total minimum payments$113,945 $851,767 $281,227 $790,066 
Less interest
(36,660)(340,035)(71,529)(211,071)
Present value of minimum lease payments (a) (b)$77,285 $511,732 $209,698 $578,995 
_______________

(a)The present value of minimum finance lease payments of $20,250 and $568,767 are included in “Current portion of finance lease liabilities” and “Long-term finance lease liabilities,” respectively.

(b)The present value of minimum operating lease payments of $49,353 and $739,340 are included in “Current portion of operating lease liabilities” and “Long-term operating lease liabilities,” respectively.
Lease, Income
The components of lease income for 2023, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
Year Ended
202320222021
Sales-type and direct-financing leases:
Selling profit$2,466 $2,981 $4,244 
Interest income (a)31,412 31,298 30,648 
Operating lease income163,927 170,633 173,442 
Variable lease income66,241 63,832 63,213 
Franchise rental income (b)$230,168 $234,465 $236,655 
_______________

(a)Included in “Interest expense, net.”

(b)Includes sublease income of $170,112, $175,053 and $174,327 recognized during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Sublease income includes lessees’ variable payments to the Company for executory costs of $39,350, $38,733 and $39,650 for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Sales-type and Direct Financing Leases, Lease Receivable, Maturity
The following table illustrates the Company’s future minimum rental receipts for non-cancelable leases and subleases as of December 31, 2023:
Sales-Type and
Direct Financing Leases		Operating
Leases
Fiscal YearSubleasesOwned PropertiesSubleasesOwned Properties
2024$38,890 $2,087 $106,470 $54,946 
202537,826 2,194 106,616 55,549 
202639,136 2,364 106,840 57,308 
202739,719 2,244 107,263 56,954 
202840,684 1,999 107,652 56,741 
Thereafter399,480 25,730 783,633 542,967 
Total future minimum receipts595,735 36,618 $1,318,474 $824,465 
Unearned interest income(288,461)(19,449)
Net investment in sales-type and direct financing leases (a)$307,274 $17,169 
_______________

(a)The present value of minimum sales-type and direct financing rental receipts of $10,779 and $313,664 are included in “Accounts and notes receivable, net” and “Net investment in sales-type and direct financing leases,” respectively. The present value of minimum sales-type and direct financing rental receipts includes a net investment in unguaranteed residual assets of $590.
Lessor, Operating Lease, Payments to be Received, Maturity
The following table illustrates the Company’s future minimum rental receipts for non-cancelable leases and subleases as of December 31, 2023:
Sales-Type and
Direct Financing Leases		Operating
Leases
Fiscal YearSubleasesOwned PropertiesSubleasesOwned Properties
2024$38,890 $2,087 $106,470 $54,946 
202537,826 2,194 106,616 55,549 
202639,136 2,364 106,840 57,308 
202739,719 2,244 107,263 56,954 
202840,684 1,999 107,652 56,741 
Thereafter399,480 25,730 783,633 542,967 
Total future minimum receipts595,735 36,618 $1,318,474 $824,465 
Unearned interest income(288,461)(19,449)
Net investment in sales-type and direct financing leases (a)$307,274 $17,169 
_______________

(a)The present value of minimum sales-type and direct financing rental receipts of $10,779 and $313,664 are included in “Accounts and notes receivable, net” and “Net investment in sales-type and direct financing leases,” respectively. The present value of minimum sales-type and direct financing rental receipts includes a net investment in unguaranteed residual assets of $590.
Property, Plant, and Equipment, Lessor Asset under Operating Lease
Properties owned by the Company and leased to franchisees and other third parties under operating leases include:
Year End
December 31, 2023January 1, 2023
Land$260,125 $260,650 
Buildings and improvements296,242 291,659 
Restaurant equipment1,701 1,701 
558,068 554,010 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(198,429)(187,269)
$359,639 $366,741